āvatta¹

masculine (n.) turning; turning round; turning back; whirlpool, eddy

āvatta²

pp mfn.

1. turned, converted;…

āvaṭṭa¹

masculine (n.) turning; turning round; turning back; whirlpool, eddy

āvaṭṭa²

pp mfn.

1. turned, converted; enticed, seduced.
2. having returned; turned back (esp. to …

…(see same phrase under āvattati MN.i.460; SN.ii.50; Ja.i.206.

pp. of āvattati

Āvatta²

neuter winding, turn, bent Ja.i.70 (in…

adjective noun

1. turning round, winding, twisting MN.i.382; SN.i.32 (dvi-r-ā˚ turning twice) Ja.ii.217; Snp-a.439 (˚gangā).
2. turned, brought round, changed, enticed MN.i.381; Dhp-a.ii.153.
3. …

Assaji¹

The fifth of the Pañcavaggiyā monks. When the Buddha preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, he was the last in whom dawned the eye of Truth, and the Buddha had to discourse to h …

AññātakoṇḍaññaKoṇḍañña

One of the five ascetics known as the Pañcavaggiyā. When, after the Enlightenment, the Buddha visited them at Isipatana and preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, Koṇḍañña w …

A river, on the bank of which was the Upavattana Sālavana of the Mallas of Kusināra, where the Buddha died. DN.ii.137

Hirakinari1river

IsipatanaMigadayaDeer Park

An open space near Benares, the site of the famous Migadāya or Deer Park. It was eighteen leagues from Uruvelā, and when Gotama gave up his austere penances his friends, th …

The capital of the Mallas and the scene of the Buddha’s death. At that time it was a small city, “a branch-township with wattle-and-daub houses in the midst of the jungle,” and Ānanda was, at first …

The name of a people and their country.

The country is included in the sixteen Great Nations of the Buddha’s time. The kingdom, at that time, was divided into two parts, having their respective capit …

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

UpavattaUpavattana

The sāla-grove of the Mallas of Kusināra, on the further side of the Hiraññavatī. This was the last resting-place of the Buddha on his last tour, and here he passed away, lying …

Vappa ¹

One of the group of five monks who practiced with the Bodhisatta before his Awakening, and who were his first monastic followers. Vappa was disappointed when the Buddha began takin …

1. (act.) having rained.
2. (pass.) rained upon

keeps moving on after (another) or in succession; continues, maintains

procedure in examination

fmn. following

moves after, follows.

wheeled device for raising water from a well, a noria.

winding to the right.

preaching of the universal righteousness.

with two turns; with two whirlpools.

whose path is black (of fire)

clump or hedge of thorns

1. one of the 14 rules of conduct prescribed in the Vattakkhandhaka (Vin ii 207–231).
2. one of 82 subsidiary rules of conduct, either prescribed in the Khandhaka section of the Vinayapiṭaka citing 71 …

curling a ring

curling a ring

the turning track of the plow

the turning track of the plow

turning the plow

naṅgalāvattani(n)²

mfn. swishing its tail

turning the plow

naṅgalāvattani(n)²

mfn. swishing its tail

with whirlpools or eddies

(-ikā)n.

comes near, falls to; is found, is.

1. (intrans.) turns, turns to; turns round, rolls; turns back, returns (esp. to a layman’s life); winds, curls.
2. is enticed, is seduced

(or mfn.) seizure, possession by a whirlpool; (or: seized by a whirlpool)

(or mfn.) seizure, possession by a whirlpool; (or: seized by a whirlpool)

turning, seducing; a seductress; a seductive sorcery.

1. (intrans.) turns, turns to; turns round, rolls; turns back, returns (esp. to a layman’s life); winds, curls.
2. is enticed, is seduced

Anicca: Impermanent, transient or, as abstract noun, aniccatā impermanence or change is the first of the three universal characteristics of existence tilakkhana, which is easily observable and …

Atta-kilamatha: Self-mortification = self-torture, is one of the two extremes to be avoided, the other extreme being addiction to sensual pleasures kāma - sukha, whilst the Noble 8-fold p …

Cakka: ‘wheel’, is one of the seven ‘precious possessions’ ratana of a righteous World Emperor cakkavatti ‘He who owns the Wheel,’ cf. D. 26, and symbolizes conquering progress and expanding s …

adjective not mortal, not subject to death Thag.276; Snp.249 (= amara-bhāva-patthanatāya pavatta-kāya-kilesa Snp-a.291); Ja.v.80 (= amaraṇa-sabhāva) Ja.v.218; Dāvs v.62.

a + mara from mṛ.

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

(anuppa˚) adjective to anupavatteti] one who succeeds (another) King or Ruler in the ruling of an empire (cakkaṃ) Mil.342, Mil.362; Snp-a.454. See also anuvattaka.

adjective

1. = anupavattaka (q.v.) Thag.1014 (cakka˚).
2. following, siding with (-˚) Vin.iv.218 (ukkhittânuvattikā f.).

fr. anuvatteti

to go away, to go aside Ja.iv.347 (variant reading for apavattati); Vv-a.101; Pv-a.265 (aor ˚sakki = apakkami).

apa + sakkati

to turn away or aside, to go away Ja.iv.347 (variant reading apasakkati).

apa + vṛt, cp. Lat. āverto

the state of not going on, the stop (to all that), the non-continuance (of all that Thag.767; Mil.326.

a + pavattā

wheel for raising water from a well Bdgh. on cakkavaṭṭaka at cv v.16, 2 (Vin.ii.318). So read for T. arahatta-ghaṭi-yanta acc to Morris, J.P.T.S. 1885, 30; cp. also Vin. Texts iii.112
■ The 2<su …

to go over, i.e. to overcome, surmount, conquer, get the better of, only in pret. (aor. 3^rd sg. accagā (q.v. and see gacchati 3) Snp.1040; Dhp.414 and accagamā (see *[ …

abuse, blame, reproach Dhp.320, Dhp.321 (= aṭṭha-anariyavohāra-vasena pavattaṃ vītikkama-vacanaṃ Dhp-a.iv.3) Ja.vi.508.

ati + vac, cp. Sk. ativāda, fr. ati + vad

strength, force (see [in military sense](/define/in military sense)) Ja.ii.369 (ārakkhassa b.); Mil.101 (kusalassa & akusalassa kammassa b.).

abstr. fr. balavant; cp. Epic Sk. balavattā

the fact of being, state, condition Kp-a.227.

abstr. fr. bhū

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

…SN.i.145, etc.

• -āvattaka (adj.) winding to the right DN.ii.18 (of the hairs of a Mahāpurisa, the 14^th…

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

adjective lawful, according to the Dh. or the rule; proper, fit, right permitted, legitimate, justified; righteous, honourable of good character, just, esp. an attr. of a righteous King (rājā cakkavat …

adjective of the next world, divine, heavenly, celestial, superb magnificent, fit for exalted beings higher than man (devas, heroes, manes etc.), superhuman, opp. mānusaka human. Freq. qualifying the …

Divi˚

an abstraction fr. divya constructed for etym. explⁿ of dibba as divi-bhava (˚bhāva) of divine existence or character, a divine being, in “divi-bhavāni divyāni …

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

adjective to be gained or procured with difficulty (i.e. a livelihood which is hardly procurable), only in phrase “dubbhikkhā d setaṭṭhikā salākavuttā,” of a famine Vin.iii.6, Vin.iii.15, Vin.iii.87 …

come, come here Snp.165; Ja.ii.159; Ja.vi.367); Dhp-a.i.49. In the later language part. of exhortation = Gr. α ̓́γε, Lat. age, “come on” Dhp-a.ii.91; Pv-a.201 (+ tāva = α ̓́γεδή). *[ehipassika](/d …

…Pp.35
■ hīnāya āvattati to turn to the lower, to give up orders, return to secular life Vin.i.17; SN.ii.231; SN.iv.191; Ud.21;…

1. a holy man, one gifted with special powers of insight & inspiration, an anchoret, a Seer, Sage, Saint, “Master” DN.i.96 (kaṇho isi ahosi); SN.i.33, SN.i.35, SN.i.65, SN.i.128, SN.i.191, SN.i.192 SN …

1. doing, acting, working; work, business, occupation profession. paṭicchanna˚ of secret acting Snp.127 Vb.357; as being punished in Niraya AN.i.60; SN.iv.180 as occupation esp. in pl. kammantā: SN.v. …

…faultless, flawless in akasāvattaṃ being without defect AN.i.112 (of a wheel with

• -sa˚; ibid.);
• -sa˚; faulty Dhp-a.i.82; *…

…faultless, flawless in akasāvattaṃ being without defect AN.i.112 (of a wheel with

• -sa˚; ibid.);
• -sa˚; faulty Dhp-a.i.82; *…

1. talk talking, conversation AN.i.130; Pv-a.39. So in antarā˚ DN.i.179; Snp.p.107, Snp.p.115; cp. sallāpa. Also in tiracchāna˚; low, common speech, comprising 28 kinds of conversational talk a b …

destroyed, brought to waste, annihilated, khepitatta (nt.) the fact of being destroyed destruction, annihilation, Dhp-a.ii.163 (kilesavaṭṭassa kh.).

pp. of khepeti

ring esp. earring AN.i.254 = AN.iii.16; Ja.iv.358 (su˚ with beautiful earrings); Dhp-a.i.25. Frequent as maṇi˚, a jewelled earring Vin.ii.156; SN.i.77; MN.i.366; Pv.ii.9#50; sīha˚ or sīhamukha˚ an ea …

to desire.

1. Objective: pleasantness, pleasure-giving, an object of sensual enjoyment.
2. Subjective: (a) enjoyment, pleasure on occasion of sense, (b) sense-desire.

Buddhist commentators exp …

1. abs.
   1. deed, service, act of mercy or worship, homage: kāra-paṇṇaka Ja.vi.24 (vegetable as oblation); appako pi kato kāro devûpapattiṃ āvahati “even a small gift of mercy brings about rebirth …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

1. deceptive appearance fraud, deceit, hypocrisy Snp.245, Snp.328 (˚kata deceit), Snp.469, Snp.537, Snp.786, Snp.941 (: māyā vuccati vañcanikā cariyā Mnd.422); Vb.357, Vb.361, Vb.389; Mil.289; Vism.10 …

…Cp. ā˚.

• -(y)āvatta “turning auspiciously” (i.e. turning to the right: see dakkhiṇāvatta), auspicious, good Ne.2 Ne.4,…

adjective noun “leading”; usually m: way (fig.), method, plan, manner; inference; sense, meaning (in grammar); behaviour, conduct AN.ii.193 = Cnd.151 (˚hetu through inference); Ne.2 (method), Ne.4 (id …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) bent down (cp ninnata), low-lying, deep, low, sunken Ja.ii.3 (magga) Pv-a.29 (bhūmibhāga), Pv-a.132 (ṭhāṇa); esp. freq. as-˚ bent on, inclining to, leading to, aiming at, …

Nivāta¹

adjective with the wind gone down, i.e. without wind, sheltered from the wind, protected, safe, secure Vin.i.57, Vin.i.72; MN.i.76; AN.i.137 (kūṭāgāra); AN.i.101 (id.); Iti.92 (rah …

name.

1. Literal. nom. nāmaṃ SN.i.39; Snp.808; Ja.ii.131; Mil.27; acc. nāmaṃ Pv-a.145 (likhi: he wrote her name)
   ■ nāmaṃ karoti to give a name Snp.344 Cnd.466 (n’ etaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ on “ …

to draw back, move back DN.i.230; Ja.iv.348 (for apavattati C.); Ja.v.295 (an-osakkitvā) See also Trenckner, Notes p. 60.

o + sakkati fr. P. sakk = *Sk. ṣvaṣk, cp. Māgadhī osakkai; but somet …

Pa˚

indeclinable directional prefix of forward motion, in applied sense often emphasising the action as carried on in a marked degree or even beyond its mark (cp. Ger. ver-in its function of Goth. f …

to shine forth, to become light, gleam, glitter Ja.v.199 (said of a river; = pavattati C.)
pp pabhāta.

pa + bhā

coming back, return Dhs-a.389.

fr. preceding

to return again to (acc.) SN.i.224; SN.ii.104; AN.v.337.

paṭi + ud + ā + vattati

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

“complete Nibbāna” in two meanings:

1. complete extinction of khandhalife; i.e. all possibility of such life & its rebirth, final release from (the misery of) rebirth and transmigration death (after …

1. to turn round (trs.), to turn over Ja.i.202; Ja.ii.275 (sarīraṃ); Ja.v.217; DN-a.i.244
2. to deal with, handle, set going, put forth, recite Vism.96, in phrase mantaṃ p. to recite, practise a ch …

adjective

1. (adj.) happening, going on, procedure, resulting Thig.220 (assu ca pavattaṃ taken by Mrs. Rh. D. as “tears shed”); Thag-a.179; Pv-a.35, Pv-a.83 (gāthāyo), Pv-a.120, esp. with ref. to …

adj. nt.

1. moving forward, doing good, beneficial, useful; f. ˚i MN.i.214; Pp.35 (spelt pavattinī in T. as well as Pp-a.218).
2. execution performance, carrying out Mil.277 (āṇā,˚ cp pavatti).

fr. pavattati

one who keeps up or keeps going, one who hands on (the tradition) an expounder, teacher DN.i.104 (mantānaṃ p. = pavattayitar DN-a.i.273); SN.iv.94; Dhp.76 (nidhīnaṃ p. = ācikkhitar Dhp-a.ii.107).

n …

intransitive

1. to move on, go forward, proceed Pv.i.5#7; Pv-a.8, Pv-a.131; of water: to flow SN.ii.31; Ja.ii.104; Pv-a.143, Pv-a.154, Pv-a.198.
2. to exist to be, continue in existence Ja.i.64; …

one who sets into motion or keeps up DN-a.i.273 (see foll.).

n. ag. to pavatteti

transitive

1. to send forth, set going Vin.i.87 (assūni); SN.ii.282 (id.) Ja.i.147 (selagulaṃ pavaṭṭ˚); esp. in phrase dhammacakkaṃ p. to inaugurate the reign of righteousness Vin.i.8, Vin.i.11; MN …

making continue, keeping going, preservation upkeep Vism.32 (T. ˚attha).

fr. Caus. ii. of pavatteti = pavattāpeti

Pavutta¹

said, declared, pronounced DN.i.104 (mantapada p.; variant reading ˚vatta which is more likely; but DN-a.i.273 explains by vutta & vācita) SN.i.52; Snp.383 (su˚ = sudesita Snp-a …

earthliness MN.i.329.

abstr. fr. paṭhavī

Phala¹

neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]

1. (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …

…is “roga rujana-sabhāvattaṃ.” There are many diff enumerations of rogas and sets of standard combinations, of which the foll. may be…

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

…until his back ached).

fr. ruj, cp….

adjective having the shoulders round, one of the lakkhaṇas of a Buddha DN.ii.18; DN.iii.144, DN.iii.164; Dial. ii.15: “his bust is equally rounded.”

sama + vatta + kh., but BSk. sasaṃvṛtta˚

living together with the same duties, on terms of equality Ja.i.236.

sama + vatta¹ + saṃvāsa

an instigator AN.iii.133.

saṃ + pavattar

restrained Dhs-a.75.

saṃ + ud + āvaṭa? Better read as saṃ + udāvatta

name of a certain throw in playing at dice Ja.vi.281 (variant reading sāvaṭṭa).

adjective containing whirlpools Iti.114.

sa³ + āvaṭṭa

to break up, destroy, annihilate SN.v.432 (bhavataṇhaṃ), AN.iv.17 (fut. ucchecchāmi to be read with variant reading for T. ucchejjissāmi); Snp.2 (pret. udacchida), Snp.208 (ger. ucchijja); Ja.v.383; D …

adjective having a wall or embankment SN.ii.106 (variant reading uddhā˚); C. explains as apato uggatattā Ja.iv.536 (so read with variant reading for T. uddhā pavatta; C explains as tīra-mariyādā-ban …

retired, desisting Ja.v.158 (= udāvattitva nivattitva C).

pp. of udāvattate, ud + ā vattati

to come to pass, to take place Ja.vi.58.

upa + vṛt

power, authority, control, influence SN.i.43, SN.i.240 (kodho vo vasam āyātu: shall be in your power; vasa = āṇāpavattana K.S. i.320); MN.i.214 (bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca cittassa vasena v …

at Dpvs.xi.33 is probably equivalent to vaḍḍhana (6) in special sense at Mhvs.23, Mhvs.33, and designates a (pair of) special (ly costly) garment(s). One might think of meaning v …

turning round Dhtp.89 (in defⁿ of vaṭṭati). Cp. āvaṭṭana.

fr. vṛt, vaṭṭati

…Dhtp.89 is “vaṭṭana,” and at Dhtm.107 “āvattana”

reversed, changed DN.i.8; MN.ii.3; SN.iii.12; SN.v.419; DN-a.i.91.

pp. of vi + parā + vṛt

…usual variant reading is vāvattayi (see vāvatteti). Thus at MN.i.12 MN.i.122; SN.i.127; SN.iv.105, SN.iv.205,…

…Snp.314 (in verse; gloss viyāvatta. The former explained as “naṭṭha,” the latter as “viparivattitvā aññathā-bhūta” at…

(as special term in Buddhist metaphysics) a mental quality as a constituent of individuality, the bearer of (individual) life, life-force (as extending also over rebirths), principle of conscious lif …

…with, remove MN.i.12 (aor. vāvattayi saṃyojanaṃ, explained at MN-a.87 as “parivattayi, nimmūlaṃ akāsi”) = MN.i.122 (with variant…

one who tells or shows Dhp-a.ii.107 (for pavattar).

n. ag. fr. ācikkhati

1. coming, approach, result, DN.i.53 (āgamanaṃ pavattatī ti DN-a.i.160; cp. Sdhp.249 dukkh˚).
2. that which one goes by, resource, reference source of reference, text, Scripture, Canon; thus a design …

livelihood, mode of living, living, subsistence, DN.i.54; AN.iii.124 (parisuddha˚); Snp.407 (˚ṃ = parisodhayi = micchājīvaṃ hitvā sammājīvaṃ eva pavattayī Snp-a.382), Snp.617; Pp.51; Vb.107, Vb.235; …

turning to, paying attention, apprehending; adverting the mind
■ See discussion of term at Cpd. 85, 227 (the C. derive āvajjana fr. āvaṭṭeti to turn towards, this confusion being due to close rese …

adjective turning, in dakkhiṇ˚; turning to the right, dextrorsal DN.ii.18; cp. dakkhiṇâvatta at DN-a.i.259.

āvatta + ka

adjective noun turning; turn, return Ne.113; Mil.251.

Sk. āvartana

adjective turning round or back Thag.16 (cp. āvaṭṭanin).

fr. āvattana

…SN.iv.191; Snp.p.92 (= osakkati Snp-a.423); Ud.21; Pp.66; Mil.246. pp. āvatta (q.v.). Cp. āvaṭṭati.

ā +…

…SN.v.357, SN.v.376, SN.v.406; MN.i.91; DN-a.i.313.

fr. āvatta, cp. āvaṭṭin in diff. meaning

turning, twisting; enticement, snare, temptation Ja.iii.494; Dhp-a.ii.153.

fr. ā + vṛt, cp. āvaṭṭa 2 and āvaṭṭanin

… ■ Cp. etymologically the same, but semantically diff. āvattanin.

fr. āvaṭṭana

turning to (of the mind), adverting apprehending Kv.380, Kv.491.

most likely for āvajjana. q.v. & see also Kvu trsl. 221, 282

in phrase ā. vivaṭṭati to turn forward & backward Vism.504.

= āvattati

adjective noun only at MN.i.91 in neg. an˚; not enticed by (loc.), i.e. kāmesu. Cp. āvattin.

fr. āvaṭṭa instead of āvaṭṭana