A. Prep. and pref. of direction & place:

1. as direction denoting a movement towards a definite end or goal up to, over, toward, to, on (see C 1a.)
2. as place where (prep. c. loc. or abs.) = …

Abhi-

I. Meaning

1. The primary meaning of abhi is that of taking possession and mastering, as contained in E. coming by and over-coming, thus literally having the function of facing …

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

Ajjh-

Assimilation group of adhi + vowel.

desired, wished, begged for DN.i.120.

pp. adhi + pattheti, cp. Sk. abhi + arthayati

to flow, to trickle Thag-a.284.

adhi + ppa + gharati

adjective very angry Ja.v.117.

adhi + kodhita

1. attendance, supervision, management of affairs, administration Pv-a.209.
2. relation, reference, reason, cause, consequence DN.ii.59 (-˚: in consequence of); SN.ii.41; SN.v.19. Esp. acc. -ṃ as …

to crush down AN.iv.191, AN.iv.193.

adhi + ava + mṛd

to make obtain, to procure Pv-a.30.

adhi + gameti, Caus. of gacchati

to predominate Ja.ii.357.

adhi + ā + bhū, in meaning of abhi + bhu

expression, saying, opinion; only in tt. adhivuttipada (variant reading adhimutti-p. at all passages) DN.i.13 (expl^d. by adhivacana-pada DN-a.i.103); MN.ii.228; AN.v.36.

adhi + vut …

prep

1. as prefix to nouns (adjectives, adverbs) expresses: superiority, abundance.
2. as preverb to verbs and their derivatives expresses: up to, towards, into; over, above; in addition to.
3. as se …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

to request, ask, bid Dhp-a.iv.18; aor. ajjhesi Vin.ii.200; pp ajjhiṭṭha & ajjhesita; (q.v.), with which cp. pariyiṭṭha & ˚esita.

adhi + iṣ; cp. BSk. adhyeṣate Divy.160

to take (food) to oneself Ja.ii.293 (aor. ajjhupāhari = ajjhohari C.).

adhi + upa + hṛ; cp. upaharati

consent, agreement, justification Vin.ii.97, Vin.ii.104.

adhi + upa + gam

to bring to Pv-a.148 (gāmaṃ), where we should read ˚ṭṭhapeti.

adhi + ava + ṭhapeti, Caus. of sthā

to cover over, spread out, spread over, cover; to submerge, flood Vin.i.111; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.72, Ja.i.73; Mil.296, Mil.336; Dhp.i.264; Pass. -tthariyati to be overrun with (instr.), to be smothered, …

hanging on, cleaving to, being bent on, (c. loc.) SN.ii.94 (+ mamāyita); AN.ii.25 (diṭṭha suta muta +); Mnd.75 Mnd.106, Mnd.163 = Nd ii under nissita; Thig.470 (asāre = taṇhāvasena abhiniviṭṭha Thag …

he came to, got to, found, obtained, experienced SN.i.12 (vimānaṃ); Snp.225 (expl^d. at Kp-a.180 by vindi paṭilabhi), Snp.956 (ratiṃ; expl^d. at Mnd.457 by adhigacchi); Iti.69 (jā …

to be bound to, to be attached, bent on; to desire, cleave to, indulge in. Fut. ajjhosissati (does it belong here?) MN.i.328 (c. acc. paṭhaviṃ, better as ajjhesati). grd. ajjhositabha MN.i.109 (+ …

Ajjhappatta & Ajjhapatta

1. having reached, approached, coming near to Ja.ii.450 Ja.vi.566 (p; C. attano santikaṃ patta).
2. having fallen upon, attacked Ja.ii.59; Ja.v.198 (p; C. *[sampatta](/define/ …

? only found in one stock phrase, viz. gathita (q.v.) mucchita ajjhopanna with ref. to selfishness, greed bonds of craving. The reading ajjhopanna is the lectio difficilior, bu …

stiffened out (in a swoon), lying in a faint (?) AN.iii.57 sq (variant reading ajjhomuñcïta or ˚muccita better: sarīre attached to her body, clinging to her b.).

pp. adhi + ava + mūrch, cp. adhimuccita

Ajjhappatta & Ajjhapatta

1. having reached, approached, coming near to Ja.ii.450 Ja.vi.566 (p; C. attano santikaṃ patta).
2. having fallen upon, attacked Ja.ii.59; Ja.v.198 (p; C. *[sampatta](/define/ …

to hang or hold on to (acc.), to cling to SN.iii.137; MN.iii.164 = Ne.179 cp. Sdhp.284 & Sdhp.296.

adhi + ava + lamb

study (learning by heart) of the Vedas Mil.225. See also ajjhena.

adhi + i

1. to look on AN.i.257; Mil.275.
2. to look on intently or with care, to oversee, to take care of AN.iv.45 (kaṭṭh’aggi, has to be looked after); Pv-a.149 (sisaṃ colaṃ vā).
3. to look on indifferently …

to swallow, eat, take as food MN.i.245; Ja.i.460; Ja.ii.293 Ja.vi.205, Ja.vi.213; Mil.366; Pv-a.283 (aor.)
pp ajjhohaṭa (q.v.).

Sk. abhyavaharati; adhi (= abhi) + ava + hṛ.

Ajjhogāhati & ˚gāheti

to plunge into, to enter, to go into DN.i.101 (vanaṃ), DN.i.222 (samuddaṃ); MN.i.359, MN.i.536; AN.iii.75 AN.iii.368; AN.iv.356; AN.v.133; Vin.iii.18; Ja.i.7; Mnd.152 (ogāhati \ …

Ajjhogāhati & ˚gāheti

to plunge into, to enter, to go into DN.i.101 (vanaṃ), DN.i.222 (samuddaṃ); MN.i.359, MN.i.536; AN.iii.75 AN.iii.368; AN.iv.356; AN.v.133; Vin.iii.18; Ja.i.7; Mnd.152 (ogāhati \ …

to overcome, overpower, destroy Ja.ii.80 (aor. ajjhobhavi = adhibhavi C.).

adhi + ava + bhu, Sk. abhi˚

the open air, only in loc. ajjhokāse in the open Vin.i.15; SN.i.212; Dhp-a.iv.100.

adhi + okāsa

to go to meet, to receive Ja.iv.440.

cp. Sk. abhyupeti; adhi + upa + i

surrounding; waiting on, service, retinue Ja.v.322, Ja.v.324, Ja.v.326, Ja.v.327 (explained at all passages by parisā). Should we read ajjhācara? Cp. ajjhācāra.

fr. adhi + ā + var

Ādhipacca & Ādhipateyya

(nt.) supreme rule lordship, sovereignty, power SN.v.342 (issariy˚); AN.i.62 (id.), AN.i.147, AN.i.212; AN.ii.205 (id.); AN.iii.33, AN.iii.76; AN.iv.252 sq.; Pv.ii.9#59 (one o …

Ādhipacca & Ādhipateyya

(nt.) supreme rule lordship, sovereignty, power SN.v.342 (issariy˚); AN.i.62 (id.), AN.i.147, AN.i.212; AN.ii.205 (id.); AN.iii.33, AN.iii.76; AN.iv.252 sq.; Pv.ii.9#59 (one o …

Vasati¹

to clothe. pp.; vuttha¹. Caus. vāseti: see ni˚ See also vāsana¹ & vāsana¹.

vas¹; to Idg. *ṷes, cp. Gr. ε …

1. attack, trouble, danger Vin.i.33; AN.i.101; Thig.353; Dhp.139 (where spelt upassaga, cp. Dhp-a.iii.70); Mil.418.
2. (technical term in grammar) prefix, preposition Ja.ii.67 (saṃ), Ja.ii.126 (apa); …

spiritual teacher or preceptor, master. Often comb^d. with ācariya e.g. Vin.i.119; Mnd.350; the ācariya being only the deputy or substitute of the upajjhāya. Vin.i.45, V …

higher doctrine, super knowledge (?) Vin.i.63 = Vin.ii.4 (+ adhisīla; should we read adhi-diṭṭhi?)

ati + diṭṭhi

super god, god above gods, usually epithet of the Buddha SN.i.141; Thag.489; Cnd.307 (cp adhi˚); Mil.277. atidevadeva id. Mil.203, Mil.209. devātideva god over the gods (of t …

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

to inhabit (agāraṃ a house; i.e. to be settled or live the settled life of a householder DN.ii.16; MN.i.353; Vin.iv.224; Ja.i.50; Pp.57; Mil.348
pp ajjhāvuttha (q.v.).

adhi …

intent on, bent on Mil.361 (jhān˚). Cp. ajjhosita & nissita.

pp. of adhi + ā + śri

1. to conduct oneself according to Vin.ii.301; MN.i.523; Mil.266.
2. to flirt with (perhaps to embrace) Ja.iv.231 (aññam-aññaṃ) pp. ajjhāciṇṇa. See also accāvadati & aticarati …

intention, desire, wish, disposition, bent DN.ii.224 (adj.: intent on, practising); Ja.i.88, Ja.i.90; Ja.ii.352; Ja.v.382; Dhs-a.314, Dhs-a.334; Pv-a.88, Pv-a.116, Pv-a.133 (adj. dān˚ intent on o …

adjective grown up or high over Ja.iii.399.

pp. of adhi + ā + ruh

to rise into the air, to climb over, spread over SN.i.221 = Ne.173 (ajjhottharati SA; cp. Mrs. Rh. D. Kindred Sayings i.285).

adhi + ārohati cp. atyārohati

(& -rūha) adjective growing up over, overwhelming AN.iii.63 sq. = SN.v.96; Ja.iii.399.

to adhi + ā + ruh

harassed, overpowered, tormented Pv-a.180 (khuppipāsāya by hunger & thirst).

adhi + ā + pīḷita

become guilty of offence DN.i.245; DN.iii.43; SN.ii.270; AN.iv.277, AN.iv.280; AN.v.178, AN.v.181 an˚; guiltless, innocent Vin.i.103; DN.iii.46; SN.ii.194, SN.ii.269; AN.v.181; Mil.401. For all pass …

to commit an offence, to incur, to become guilty of (acc.) Vin.iv.237. pp. ajjhāpanna (q.v.).

adhi + ā + pad

too rigorous or strenuous a livelihood MN.ii.245 (+ adhipāṭimokkha).

adhi (ati?) + ā + jīv

adhiyati to study, lit. to approach (cp adhigacchati); to learn by heart (the Vedas & other Sacred Books) Vin.i.270; SN.i.202 (dhammapadāni); Ja.iv.184 (adhīyitvā), Ja.iv.496 (adhīyamāna); Ja.vi.458; …

1. minor conduct (conduct of a bhikkhu as to those minor rules not included in the Pārājikas or Saṃghādisesas) Vin.i.63 (see note in Vin. Texts, i.184.
2. flirtation Vin.iii.128 (in the Old Cy as ex …

adverb at home, in one’s own house AN.i.132 = Iti.109; AN.ii.70.

adhi + agāre, loc. of agāra

to come to, to reach, obtain; to consent to, agree, submit Thig.474 (= sampaṭicchati Thag-a.285); Ja.ii.403; Mil.300; pp. ajjhupagata (q.v.).

adhi + upa + gam

(adhiṭṭhahati)

1. to stand on Ja.iii.278 (ger. ˚āya); Dhp-a.iv.183 (ger ˚hitvā); fig. to insist on Thag.1131 (aor. ˚āhi).
2. to concentrate or fix one’s attention on (c. acc.), to direct one’s tho …

“higher thought”, meditation, contemplation, nsually in comb^n. with adhisīla and adhipaññā Vin.i.70; DN.iii.219; MN.i.451; AN.i.254, AN.i.256 Mn …

firm resolve, determination, decision MN.iii.25 sq.; Vb.165 sq., Vb.425; Dhs-a.145, Dhs-a.264 See Dhs. trsl. 5; Cpd. 17, 40, 95.

fr. adhi + muc

adjective extreme, exceeding, extraordinary; nt. adv. ˚ṃ extremely MN.i.152, MN.i.243; SN.iv.160; AN.ii.150; AN.iv.241; Ja.i.92; Pp.15; Mil.146, Mil.189 Mil.274, Mil.290; Pv.ii.3#6 (= adhikataraṃ Pv- …

-adj. n. attention, direction of mind, concentration Snp.692 (adhimanasā bhavātha). (adj.) directing one’s mind upon, intent (on) Ja.iv.433 (= pasannacitta); Ja.v.29 (an˚; variant reading ˚māna).

adhi + mano

an executioner’s block Thig.58; cp. Thag-a.65 (variant reading kuḍḍanā, should prob. be read koṭṭana); Thag-a.287.

adhi + koṭṭanā or koṭṭana

adjective in ˚ā dhammā “items of higher righteousness” DN.iii.145.

adhi + kusala

adjective

1. commissioned with, an overseer, Pv.ii.9#27 (dāne adhikata ṭhapita Pv-a.124).
2. caused by Mil.67 (kamma˚).
3. affected by something, i.e. confused, puzzled, in doubt Mil.144 (+ vimātij …

adjective exceeding, extraordinary, superior, Pp.35; Vv-a.80 (= anadhivara, visiṭṭha); DN-a.i.141, DN-a.i.222; Dpvs.v.32 (an˚); Dhp-a.iii.238 Kp-a.193 (= anuttara); Sdhp.337, Sdhp.447
■ compar …

intense scrupulous regard (for others) DN.i.174, DN.i.176.

adhi + jeguccha

to get to, to come into possession of, to acquire, attain, find; fig. to understand DN.i.229 (vivesaṃ) MN.i.140 (anvesaṃ n’ âdhigacchanti do not find); SN.i.22 (nibbānaṃ); SN.ii.278 (id.); AN.i.162 (i …

superior or supreme god, above the gods MN.ii.132; AN.iv.304; Snp.1148; Cnd.307#b, 422 a Cp. atideva.

adhi + deva

adjective lofty-minded, entranced Thag.68 = Ud.43 = Vin.iv.54 = Dhp-a.iii.384.

adhi + ceto

1. to be drawn to, feel attached to or inclined towards, to indulge in (c. loc. SN.iii.225; SN.iv.185; AN.iv.24, AN.iv.145 sq., AN.iv.460; AN.v.17; Pp.63.
2. to become settled, to make up one’s mind a …

Adhicca¹

learning, studying, learning by heart Ja.iii.218, Ja.iii.327 = Ja.iv.301; Ja.iv.184 (vede = adhīyitvā C.), Ja.iv.477 (sajjhāyitvā C.); Ja.vi.213; Mil.164.

ger. of adhi + eti, se …

to vex, oppress, gore (to death) Ud.8 (T. adhipāteti, variant reading avibādeti).

adhi + bādheti, cp. Sk. abhibādhayati

superior Brahmā, higher than Brahmā MN.ii.132.

adhi + Brahmā, cp. atibrahmā

…abhi˚).

fr. adhi + bhū, cp. adhibhavati & Sk. adhibhū

to address, to speak to; aor. ajjhabhāsi Vin.ii.195; SN.i.103; SN.iv.117; Snp.p.87; Pv-a.56, Pv-a.90.

adhi + bhāsati

…Ja.ii.336; Ja.V.30
aor adhibhavi Ja.ii.80. 3 pl. adhibhaṃsu SN.iv.185. See also ajjhabhavi & ajjhabhū pp.;…

to speak more or better, to surpass in talk or speech; to talk somebody down, to persuade, entice Vin.iv.224, Vin.iv.263; SN.ii.204 sq.; Ja.v.433 (variant reading BB ajjhārati), Ja.v.434 (variant read …

1. decision, resolution, self-determination, will (cp. on this meaning Cpd. 62; DN.iii.229 (where 4 are enumerated, viz. paññā˚, sacca˚ cāga upasama˚); Ja.i.23; Ja.v.174; Pts.i.108; Pts.ii.171 sq., …

ajjh-

(?) is the form of the preverb adhi- before vowels except ī.

making up one’s mind, confidence Dhs-a.133, Dhs-a.190.

fr. adhi + muc

to surpass, excel SN.i.87 = DN-a.i.32; DN.iii.146; SN.iv.275; AN.iii.33; Iti.19. Ger adhigayha Pv.ii.9#62 = Dhp-a.iii.219 (variant reading BB at both pass. atikkamma); & adhiggahetvā Iti.20
pp …

Adhimuccita & Adhimucchita

past participle drawn towards, attached to, infatuated, indulging in (with loc.) MN.ii.223 (an˚); SN.i.113; Thag.732 (variant reading ˚muccita), Thag.923 (cch), Thag.1175; …

distinction, difference, peculiarity, special meaning MN.i.46; SN.iii.66; SN.iv.208; AN.i.267; AN.iv.158; AN.v.48 sq.

adhi + pāyosa

1. assent AN.iii.31; Dhp-a.i.33.
2. forbearance, endurance MN.i.10; Ja.ii.237 Ja.iii.263; Ja.iv.307; Ja.v.174.

fr. adhi + vas

adjective carrying, bringing, bearing Snp.79; f. -ī Thag.519.

fr. adhi + vah

Adhimuccita & Adhimucchita

past participle drawn towards, attached to, infatuated, indulging in (with loc.) MN.ii.223 (an˚); SN.i.113; Thag.732 (variant reading ˚muccita), Thag.923 (cch), Thag.1175; …

carrier, bearer, adj. bringing SN.iv.70 (dukkha˚); AN.i.6; Thag.494.

fr. adhi + vah; cp. Sk. abhivahati

to come on, proceed, issue, result SN.i.101; AN.ii.32.

adhi + vattati

adjective superb, excellent, surpassing Vv.16#3 (an˚; unsurpassed, unrivalled; Vv-a.80 = adhika visiṭṭha).

adhi + vara

designation, term, attrîbute, metaphor, metaphorical expression DN.ii.62; MN.i.113 MN.i.144, MN.i.460; AN.ii.70, AN.ii.124; AN.iii.310; AN.iv.89, AN.iv.285, AN.iv.340; Iti.15 Iti.114; Snp.p.218; Ja.i. …

higher morality, usually in threefold set of adhicitta-sikkha, adhipaññā˚ adhisīla˚ Vin.i.70; DN.i.174; DN.iii.219; AN.iii.133; AN.iv.25; Dhp-a.i.334; Pv-a.207. See also adhicitta, sikkhā & sīla. …

endurance, forbearance, holding out; only as adj. in dur˚; difficult to hold out Thag.111.

fr. adhi + vas

ascent, ascending; in dur˚; hard to ascend Mil.322.

fr. adhi + ruh

the higher, moral, code Vin.v.1 (pāṭim˚ +); MN.ii.245 (+ ajjhājīva).

adhi + pāṭimokkha