…reading SS vāpa˚, BB chapa˚).

cp. Epic Sk. bhāsa

speech, language, esp. vernacular, dialect Ja.iv.279 (manussa˚ human speech), Ja.iv.392 (caṇḍāla˚); Kp-a.101 (saka-saka˚-anurūpa); Snp-a.397 (Milakkha˚); DN-a.i.176 (Kirātā-Yavanâdi-Millakkhāna …

MilakkhāMilakkhukā

The name given to the people of non-Ariyan origin, the Mlecchas. DN.iii.264 AN.i.35 Their language is called Milakkhabhāsā.

like a cloud; high as the sky

massing together of clouds

speaks after, repeats; continually speaks.

appearing deep.

celestial, being in the sky.

of dark-blue appearance or luster.

obhāsa¹

masculine light, luster, radiance; appearance, manifestation.

obhāsa²

masculine intimation.

suggestive or lewd speech.

speaks to suggestively or lewdly or offensively; insults

obhāsati¹

pr. 3 sg. speaks to suggestively or lewdly or offensively; insults

obhāsati²

pr. 3 sg. shines forth, is bright;…

making bright, illumining

making bright, illumining

appearing white; having a white appearance

appearing shallow; appearing plain

…(abbhutaṃ vata vācaṃ bhāsasi = acchariyaṃ Thag-a.233); Vv.44#9 (˚dassaneyya); Sdhp.345, Sdhp.496. 2. (nt.) the wonderful, a wonder,…

enlightenment or delight (“light & delight” trsl.) Thag.613 (= tosana C.).

abhi + bhāsana fr. bhās

overpowered, overwhelmed, vanquished DN.i.121; SN.i.137 (jāti-jarā˚); SN.ii.228 (lābhasakkāra-silokena); AN.i.202 (pāpakehi dhammehi); Ja.i.189; Pv-a.14, Pv-a.41 (= pareta), Pv-a.60 (= upagata), …

…sense meaning, intention ˚bhāsati to speak to = address; ˚mutta intent upon ˚vacana “saying in addition” = attribute, metaphor, cp Fr….

to address, to speak to; aor. ajjhabhāsi Vin.ii.195; SN.i.103; SN.iv.117; Snp.p.87; Pv-a.56, Pv-a.90.

adhi + bhāsati

…Cy as explⁿ of avabhāsati). 3. sexual intercourse Ja.i.396; Ja.v.327 (˚cara variant reading for ajjhāvara); Mil.127 (an˚).

to adhi…

…Snp.623; Mil.8 (+ paribhāsa); Snp-a.492 Thag-a.256; Pv-a.243; Dhp-a.ii.61.

• -vatthu always…

…AN.v.317; Pv-a.251.

from…

…Often combined with paribhāsati, e.g. Vin.ii.296; Dhp-a.iv.2; Pv-a.10
aor akkocchi Dhp.3;…

…after, ˚bala rear-guard, ˚bhāsati speak after, repeat, ˚vāda speaking after, blame, ˚vicarati roam about ˚viloketi look round after…

to speak after, to repeat DN.i.104; Mil.345; DN-a.i.273.

anu + bhāsati

…avatata; avadāta; avabhāsa; avasāna 2. The proportion in the words before us (early and later is that o alone is found in…

Only in cpd. gambhīrāvabhāso DN.ii.55, looking deep. Same cpd. at AN.ii.105 Pp.46 has obhāsa.

later form of obhāsa

(-˚) adjective shining, shedding light on, illuminating Sdhp.14.

fr. avabhāsa

…kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ.“ 2. possible (abhabba impossible) MN.iii.215 (kammaṃ bhabbaābhāsa apparently possible)
■ See also…

to bark (of dogs) Ja.iv.182 (aor. bhasi; so read for T. bhusi)
pp bhasitaṃ (as n.) bark ibid. (mahā-bhasitaṃ bhasi, read for bhusita) See also bhusati.

cp. Epic Sk. bhaṣate

1. see bhasati.
2. pp. of bhas “crumbled to ashes” see bhasma.

…by Dhtp.111 as “bhaṇana. by Dhtm.162 as “bhāsana”

Bhusati, Bhussati

to bark DN-a.i.317 (bhusati vv.ll. bhussati & bhūsati); Dhp-a.i.171, Dhp-a.i.172
■ See also bhasati & bhukka;
pp bhusita.

perhaps a legitimate form fo …

Bhusati, Bhussati

to bark DN-a.i.317 (bhusati vv.ll. bhussati & bhūsati); Dhp-a.i.171, Dhp-a.i.172
■ See also bhasati & bhukka;
pp bhusita.

perhaps a legitimate form fo …

adjective (-˚) speaking DN-a.i.52 (avaṇṇa˚; uttering words of blame).

fr. bhāṣ

speaking, speech Dhtm.162; Sdhp.68.

fr. bhāṣ

…Pv-a.34) imper. pres. bhāsa Snp.346; ppr. bhāsamāne AN.ii.51; Ja.v.509; Snp.426; Dhp.19; Ja.iv.281 (perhaps better with…

…words); Pv.ii.6#20 (su˚); Pv-a.83 (dub˚).

pp. of bhāsati¹

…nt. splendour, radiance, bhāsati to shine forth; Gr. φάος light, φαίνω to show etc.; Ags. bonian to polish = Ger. bohnen; also Sk….

…Vivaṭena cetasā sappabhāsaṃ cittaṃ bhāveti “with open heart he contemplates a radiant thought” SN.v.263 = DN.iii.223 = AN.iv.86;…

…etc.; katheti Pv-a.41 bhāsati Vin.i.101; bhaṇati Vin.i.169; pakāseti SN.ii.28 SN.iv.121. To hear the Dh., to listen to such an…

…(see Kp-a 217).

• -avabhāsa (adj.) having the appearance of depth or profundity, DN.ii.55; SN.ii.36; Pp.46 (+…

…DN.ii.157 gāthāya ajjhābhāsati to address with a verse Vin.i.36 Vin.i.38; Kp v. intr
■ gāthāhi anumodati to thank with (these) lines…

…reading at Ja.iv.281 for bhāsamāna
aor hasi Ja.ii.103; Dhp-a.ii.17
caus hāseti [i.e. both…

…reading at Ja.iv.281 for bhāsamāna
aor hasi Ja.ii.103; Dhp-a.ii.17
caus hāseti [i.e. both…

…explain AN.ii.51 = Ja.v.509 (bhāsaye jotaye dhammaṃ; Gloss Ja.v.510 katheyya for joteyya = jotaye Iti.108; Ja.ii.208; Pv-a.18 2. intrs. to shine…

…freq. also with paribhāsaka SN.i.34, SN.i.96; AN.ii.59; AN.iv.79 sq.; Dhp.177, Dhp.223; Ja.v.273; Snp.663;…

1. a conch, a shell: saṇha-kambu-r-iva… sobhate su gīvā Thig.262 (for kampurī’va); s compounds
2. a ring or bracelet (made of shells or perhaps gold: see Kern. Toev. s. v.) Ja.iv.18, Ja.iv.466 (\ …

…Vb.357; nimitta˚ nimitta, obhāsa˚ = obhāsa (apparition → appearing) Vb.353 3. (intrs.) making, getting, act, process (-˚) Often trsl….

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

group, heap, collection, aggregate, body

Definitions and synonyms

Snp-a.31 gives the foll. synonyms and similes of kāya: kuṭī, guhā (Snp.772), deha, sandeha (Dhp.148 = Thag.20), nāvā (Dhp.3 …

1. (the very freq. & ordinary meaning) to get, to receive, obtain, acquire.
2. (fig.) to obtain permission to receive an opportunity, etc., as “pabbajituṃ sace lacchāmi” if I am allowed to receive the …

adjective easily offended, touchy DN.i.90; explained by DN-a.i.256 as follows: “lahusā ti lahukā appaken’ eva tussanti vā russanti vā udaka-piṭṭhe lābukaṭāhaṃ viya appakena pi uppilavanti.” Cp *[rab …

…Note. W. Printz in “Bhāsa’s Prākrit.” p. 45, compares Śaurasenī maḷḷaa Hindī maḷḷ(a) “cup,” maliyā “a small vessel…

…at Dhtp.578 by “gutta-bhāsane”), counsel; hence magic charm, spell. In particular a secret religious code or doctrine, esp. the Brahmanic…

…tāya paricchinditvā bhāsati), Snp.916 (mantā asmī ti, explained at Snp-a.562 by “mantāya”), Snp.1040 = Snp.1042 (= Cnd.497 mantā…

…mantrayati; mant is given at Dhtp in meaning of gutta-bhāsana, i.e. “secret talk”

barbarian, foreigner, outcaste hillman SN.v.466; Ja.vi.207; DN-a.i.176; Snp-a.236 (˚mahātissa-thera Np.), Snp-a.397 (˚bhāsā foreign dialect) The word occurs also in form *[milakkhu](/define/milakk …

…with verbs vadati, bhanati bhāsati & brūti; to speak falsely, to tell a lie
■ AN.i.149 (opp. saccaṃ); Snp.122, Snp.158, Snp.397, Snp.400,…

…forth (light) Ja.v.289 (obhāsaṃ muñci); Mhvs.19, Mhvs.44 (rasmiyo). 5. to send forth (sound); to utter, emit (words etc.) Ja.i.375…

Nabhas (in oblique cases) mist, vapour, clouds, sky AN.i.242; AN.ii.50 (nabhā), AN.iii.240, Snp.687 (nabhasi-gama, of the moon); Vv.32#3, Vv.35#2 (= ākāsa Vv-a.161), Vv.53#4 (id. Vv.53#236), Vv.63 …

to bring forth, produce; accomplish, perform Ja.i.185 (lābhasakkāraṃ); Ja.v.81; Mil.299; Vv-a.32, Vv-a.72 (grd. nipphādetabba, Name of ablative case); Sdhp.319, Sdhp.426
pp *[nipphādita](/define/n …

…at Vism.23; Snp-a.497. See also avabhāsa.

from obhāsati

(nt
■ adj.) shining Vv-a.276 (Hardy: “speaking to someone”).

fr. obhāsa, cp. Sk. avabhāsana

…from bhās, cp. Sk. avabhāsati

Obhāsati²

to speak to (inopportunely), to rail at, offend, abuse Vin.ii.262; Vin.iii.128.

ava…

…Snp.1136 (= ālokakara obhāsakara etc. Cnd.399); Vv.21#4 (= ñāṇ’ obhāsa-kara Vv-a.106); Vv.34#25 (= lokassa ñāṇ’ āloka-kara…

shining, splendour, beauty SN.i.67; sap˚ with beauty SN.v.263; Mil.223; ap˚ without beauty Mil.299.

fr. pa + bhās

to tell, declare, talk Thag.582.

pa + bhaṣ

to speak out or mention correspondingly, to enumerate Kp-a.78, Kp-a.79 sq.

paṭi + anubhāsati, cp. BSk. pratyavabhāṣate to call to Divy.9

…part Ja.ii.91; Pv-a.114 -bhāsati see paccā˚. -bhūma belonging to the western country SN.iii.5….

recited, explained Ja.ii.48.

pp. of paccābhāsati

to retort, recite, explain, relate Pv-a.57 (sic lege for pacchā˚)
pp paccābhaṭṭha.

paṭi + ābhāsati

to show in return, retort, explain MN.i.96; AN.iv.193. Cp. paccabhāsati.

paṭi + āropeti

…known Snp.445, Snp.1032 (= bhāsati tapati virocati Cnd.373)
caus pakāseti to show up, illustrate, explain make known,…

…censured, scolded Ja.vi.187.

pp. of paribhāsati

censure, abuse, blame Ja.v.373; Pv-a.175.

fr. pari + bhāṣ

…Vv-a.69. See also akkosaka.

fr. paribhāsa, cp. BSk. paribhāṣaka Divy.38

…Pv.iii.1#11 grd. -bhāsaniya Mil.186
■ Very frequently combined with akkosati (+ p.), e.g. at Vin.ii.14,…

…Vb.353 = Vism.23 (with obhāsa nimitta); Snp-a.497. 3. continuous or excessive talk Vism.29.

pari + kathā, cp. BSk. parikathā Divy.225,…

…“paricchedaṃ dassetvā yatha ’ssa paricchedo paññāyati, evaṃ bhāsatī ti attho” DN-a.i.76 = Pp-a 238.

fr. pariyanta

…Snp-a.397 (milakkhabhāsa˚ etc.); Kp-a.136 (vinaya˚), Kp-a.191 (sangha˚) Dhp-a.i.158 (idhaloka-paraloka˚); Pv-a.14, Pv-a.33,…

…Snp.711 (˚ṃ vācaṃ = obhāsaparikathā-nimitta-viññatti-payuttaṃ ghāsesana-vācaṃ Snp-a.497), Snp.930 (= cīvarādīhi sampayutta…

…Netti.15 sq; Netti.191

• -obhāsa the lustre of wisdom Pts.i.119 Dhs.16 Dhs.20 etc
• -kkhandha the code of cognition ‣See above Vin.i.62…

to address in return or in reply SN.i.134; Snp.1024.

paṭi + bhās

…(okāsaṃ), Pv-a.276 (obhāsaṃ). To excite or stimulate the nerves Ja.v.293 (rasa-haraṇiyo khobhetvā phari: see under…

…DN-a.i.287 (bhāsanto va paṭhamataraṁ bhāsati etc.)

• -yoga “former connection” i.e. connection with a former body or…

wild, terrible, violent DN.i.91 explained by “bahu-bhāṇin” at DN-a.i.256. There are several vv.ll. at this passage.

rabh = labh, which see for etym. Cp. also Lat rabies
■ Dhtp.205 explains *rab …

to yell, cry; shout (at), scold, revile: not found in the texts.

raṭ; Dhtp.86: “paribhāsane”

conversation, repeating together Vin.iii.174 sq.; Vin.iv.236 sq.

fr. last

to converse or study together DN.i.26, DN.i.163; MN.i.130; AN.i.138; AN.v.156 sq.; Vin.iii.173 sq.; Vin.iv.236 sq.; DN-a.i.117.

saṃ + anubhāsati

conversation, talk; sukha-˚; Ja.vi.296 (variant reading); mudu-˚; Ja.ii.326 = Ja.iv.471 = Ja.v.451.

saṃ + bhāsā

frivolous talk SN.v.355.

saṃ + pa + bhāṣ

to shine Mil.338.

saṃ + pa + bhās

…of talking, as samphaṃ bhāsati to speak frivolously AN.ii.23; Snp.158; samphaṃ giraṃ bh. Ja.vi.295; samphaṃ palapati Tikp.167 sq….

adverb eagerly, quickly Dāvs iv.22, Dāvs iv.34 sq., 43.

sa² + rabhasaṃ

adjective (f. saññinī) conscious, being aware of (-˚), perceiving, having perception DN.i.31, DN.i.180; DN.iii.49 DN.iii.111, DN.iii.140, DN.iii.260; SN.i.62; AN.ii.34, AN.ii.48, AN.ii.50; AN.iii.35; …

impetuosity, rage Dāvs iv.34. This is the Sanskritic form for the usual P. sārambha.

saṃ + *rambha, fr. rabh, as in rabhasa (q.v.)

adjective shining, bright, beautiful DN.i.76 = DN.ii.13 = MN.iii.102; Dhs.250; DN-a.i.221; auspicious, lucky, pleasant Snp.341; Iti.80 good Snp.824, Snp.910; subhato maññati to consider as a good thi …

Ceylon; (adj.) Singhalese Mhvs.7, Mhvs.44 sq.; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.62; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.175; Dhvs 9, 1; Kp-a.47, Kp-a.50, Kp-a.78; Snp-a.30, Snp-a.53 sq. Snp-a.397. -kuddāla a Singhalese hoe Vism.255; …

to frighten threaten; curse, rail against Ja.i.157, Ja.i.158; Pv-a.55. Pp. tajjita
caus tajjāpeti to cause to threaten, to accuse Pv-a.23 (= paribhāsāpeti).

Caus. of tarjati, …

…Vv-a.206 (+ akkosati paribhāsati), Vv-a.256. Cp. also kaṭakaṭāyati & karakarā.

Onomatopoetic, to make a sound like taṭtaṭ. Root…

…ti khādeyyuṃ C. (udrabhāsane, Dhātum.))
■ Note. The Dhātupāṭha 212, and the Dhātu-mañjūsā, 311, explain udrabha by adane,…

˚- speech, words; rare by itself (and in this case re-established from compounds and poetical, as at Snp.472 (yassa vacī kharā; explained at Snp-a.409 by “vācā”), Snp.973 (cudito vacīhi = vācāhi Sn …

…(abbhutaṃ vata vācaṃ bhāsasi); Snp.178, Snp.191 Snp.358; Vv.47#13; Pv.i.8#5; Ja.iv.355; Pv-a.13, Pv-a.61, Pv-a.75, Pv-a.121 Often…

…Vv.29#1 (= sarīr obhāsa Vv-a.122); Pv-a.10 (suvaṇṇa˚), Pv-a.44. 4. beauty (cp. vaṇṇavant) DN.ii.220 (abhikkanta˚); MN.i.142…

illuminated, made bright, shining forth Sdhp.591.

pp. Caus. of vi + bhāsati²

…Vin.ii.296 (tapati, bhāsati, v.); Snp.378, Snp.550; Iti.64 (virocare); Ja.i.18, Ja.i.89; Ja.iv.233; Pv.i.11#4; Pv.ii.9#62; Pv.iii.3#5 (=…

…(threefold: nimitta˚, obhāsa˚, parikathā; as technical term, cp.

Compendium

120¹: medium of communication) Mil.343 Mil.370…

…vā Indo vā pi); Dhp.1 (bhāsati vā karoti vā); Pv-a.74 (putto vā dhītā vā natthi?)
■ with negation in second place: whether-or…

…where Kp-a.118 reads bhāsa˚.

Vedic vāta, of vā; cp. Sk. vāti & vāyati to blow, vāyu wind; Lat. ventus, Goth. winds…

Ya˚

I. Forms

(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …

…paṇḍito hoti y. bahu bhāsati = yattakena kāraṇena Dhp-a.iii.383), 259, 266 (similarly, C. yattakena); Snp.759 (yāvat’ atthī ti…

splendour, light, appearance MN.iii.215.

Sk. ābhāsa, fr. ā + bhās

…cp. Pts.ii.150 sq. (obhāsaṭṭhena, SN-a on SN.ii.7). 4. splendour Vv-a.53; Vv-a.71.

• -kara making light,…

…in phrase ˚ṃ vācaṃ bhāsati “speak the lordly word” DN.ii.15, DN.ii.82; MN.iii.123j Ja.i.53; DN-a.i.91; cp. Dāvs i.28 (nicchārayi…