…DN.iii.143 DN.iii.156; MN.ii.136; SN.i.16; Snp.165; -miga the eṇi deer Ja.v.416; Snp-a.207, Snp-a.217.

etym.? dial.

Abhaya ¹

A monk whose verse concerning the bewildering effects of beautiful sights is in the Theragāthā. Thag.98

Abhaya²Abhayarājakumāra

The son of King Bimbisāra and of Padum …

AjitakesakambalaKesakambalaAjita

Head of one of the six heretical sects mentioned in the Pitakas as being contemporaneous with the Buddha. He is described as a Titthaka (non-Buddhist teacher), leade …

AjātasattuVedehiputta

Son of Bimbisāra, King of Māgadha, and therefore half-brother to Abhayarājakumāra. He murdered his father to gain the throne, and conspired with Devadatta to kill the Buddha, b …

AmbaṭṭhaAmbaṭṭhamāṇava

A brahmin youth of the Ambaṭṭha clan who lived with his teacher, Pokkharasādi, at Ukkaṭṭha. He was learned in the three Vedas and the correlated branches of knowledge, includin …

First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …

The followers of Assaji and Punabbasu. They lived in Kīṭāgiri, between Sāvatthī and Ālavi, and were guilty of various evil practices. They used to grow flowers, make wreaths and garlands, and send the …

One of the four great monarchies in the time of the Buddha, the other three being Māgadha, Kosala and Vaṃsa (or Vatsa). Avanti is also mentioned among the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN. …

…staying when the Jaṭila Keṇiya came to see him; here also was preached the Sela Sutta. Snp.102f. From Bhaddiya (in Aṅga) the Buddha went…

BimbisāraSeniya

King of Māgadha and patron of the Buddha.

According to the Pabbajā Sutta Snp.405ff. the first meeting between the Buddha and Bimbisāra took place in Rājagaha under the Paṇḍavapabba …

The name given to a being who aspires to Bodhi or Awakening. Originally only in connection with the last life of a Buddha, especially after having left home, in such contexts as “in the days before my …

BuddhaBhagavāTathāgataSiddhatthaGotamaSugataSatthā

The Awakened one, the founder and teacher of the Buddha-dhamma. His personal name was Siddhattha Gotama, and he was a Khattiya of the Sakiyan clan. …

A brahmin ascetic who went from Sāvatthī to Dakkhiṇāpatha and lived on the banks of the Godhāvarī in a hermitage which lay half in the territory of Assaka and half in that of Alaka.

He received the r …

The inhabitants of the lowest deva world. his world derives its name from the Four Great Kings (Cattāro Mahārājāno) who dwell there as guardians of the four quarters: Dhataraṭṭha of the East, Virūḷh …

An eminent arahant, declared chief among monks skilled in creating forms by mind-power and in mental “evolution” (cetovivaṭṭa). AN.i.23

His Theragathā verses speak of how slow his progress was in …

A monk, a close relative of the Buddha, who split the Sangha, and attempted to overthrow the Buddha and have him murdered. In one passage in the Vinaya, Vin.ii.189 Devadatta is spoken of as Godhiputta …

A Nigaṇṭha, follower of Nāṭaputta. He once visited the Buddha at Nāḷandā, and there followed a discussion on actions and their efficiency. Dīghatapassī reported this discussion to Nāṭaputta and Upāli, …

A Brahmin village in the Kosala kingdom. The Buddha once stayed there, and when a large congregation of the laity were listening to him, Māra, thinking to darken their intelligence, suggested to him t …

A town on the river Eṇi. One of Baka’s good deeds which brought him rebirth in the Brahma-world was that of having set free the inhabitants when…

One of the places passed by Bāvarī’s disciples on their way from Bāvarī’s hermitage to see the Buddha at Rājagaha.

Between Gonaddha and their starting place lay Patitthāna, Māhissati and Ujjeni, an …

Gotama¹BuddhaSiddhatthaSakyamunīTathāgataAṅgīrasa

He was a Sākiyan, son of Suddhodana and of Mahā Māyā, Suddhodana’s chief consort, and he belonged to the Gotama-gotta. At age 29 he depar …

A township of the Koliyans. The Buddha, when staying there, preached the Kukkuravatika Sutta to Puṇṇa-koliyaputta and Seniya Kukkuravatika. MN.i.387 Another Buddha is also mentioned as having preache …

Isidatta¹

A verse uttered by Isidatta, in response to the Buddha’s enquiry regarding his welfare, is recorded in the Therāgāthā. Thag.120

According to the Saṃyutta Nikāya, SN.iv.283–288 I …

She was the daughter of a good and wealthy merchant of Ujjenī. Having come of age, she was given in marriage to the son of a merchant in Sāketa.

For one month she lived with him as a devoted wife; th …

Jambuka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how he practiced severe austerities for 55 year before going for refuge in the Buddha and attaining Awakening. Thag.283–286

JīvakaJīvakakomārabhacca

A celebrated physician, and the Buddha’s doctor. The Vinaya contains many stories of his skill in healing. Vin.i.268–281 Once when the Buddha was ill, Jīvaka found it necessa …

…preparations made by Keṇiya for the meal to the Buddha and the Saṅgha that the brahmin Sela, friend and counsellor of Keṇiya, came to…

The capital of the Vatsas or Vaṃsas. In the time of the Buddha its king was Parantapa, and after him reigned his son Udena. Kosambī was evidently a city of great importance at the time of the Buddha f …

Kosiya¹Kosiyagotta

The name of a brahmin clan. In the pācittiya it is given as one of the lower gottas, Vin.iv.8 but it is also Sakka’s gotta, and is therefore generally regarded as a …

One of the republican clans in the time of the Buddha. The Koḷiyā owned two chief settlements—one at Rāmagāma and the other at Devadaha.

Attached probably to the Koliyan central authorities, was a sp …

Lohicca¹

A brahmin of Makkarakata in Avanti. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was living there in a forest hut, a number of Lohicca’s pupils came there and began abusing the monks, calling them shav …

MadhurāMathurā

The capital of Surasena, situated on the Yamunā. Its king, soon after the death of Bimbisāra, was Avantiputta, MN.ii.83 who, judging by his name, was probably related to the royal fami …

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered foremost among those who taught the monks. AN.i.25 The Vinaya Vin.i.105 records that when Kappina was in the Deer Park at Maddakucchi he won …

MahākassapaKassapaPippali

One of the Buddha’s most eminent disciples, chief among those who upheld austere practices. AN.i.23 His personal name was Pippali, but he is usually known by his clan name K …

Mahāpajāpatī GotamīPajāpatī

An eminent bhikkhunī and the step-mother of the Buddha. She raised the Buddha as her own child after the death of his mother.

She is chiefly remembered as the first bhik …

A Paribbājaka. He once visited the Buddha at Veḷuvana and questioned him regarding predestination. The Buddha explains to him that suffering arises from various causes—bile, phlegm, wind, bodily humou …

One of the four chief kingdoms of India at the time of the Buddha, the others being Kosala, the kingdom of the Vaṃsas and Avanti. Māgadha formed one of the sixteen Mahājanapadas and had its capital at …

Māgaṇḍiya¹

The Sutta Nipāta contains a dialogue between Māgaṇḍiya and the Buddha. Snp.1011–1023 The Buddha starts with an emphatic rejection of an offer of a sexual nature, which sparks a …

MāraNamuciKaṇhaAdhipatiAntakaPamattabandhuPāpimā

Generally regarded as the personification of Death, the Evil One, the Tempter. Sometimes known as the Dark One (Kaṇha). Snp.355 MN.i.377 DN.ii.262 T …

Nandaka¹

Once, at the Buddha’s request, he preached a sermon to the nuns; on the first day they became sotāpannas, and, on the second, five hundred of them attained arahantship. MN.iii.270 …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of her former useless practice of austerities and her current state of Awakening. Thig.87–91

He was a Sākiyan and entered the Order when the Buddha visited his kinsmen at Kapilavatthu. For some time he was the Buddha’s personal attendant—e.g., when the Buddha breached the Mahāsīhanāda Sutta. …

PasenadiSeniya

King of Kosala and contemporary of the Buddha. Quite early in the Buddha’s ministry, Pasenadi became his follower and close friend, and his devotion to the Buddha lasted till his death …

Paṭācārā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of her efforts to attain Awakening. Thig.112–116 She was declared by the Buddha to be the best among bhikkhunīs who knew the Vinaya. AN.i.25 She was …

PilindavacchaPilindivacchaPilindiyavacchaPilindaPilindiPilindiya

A monk whose enigmatic Theragāthā verse speaks of what has come and not departed. Thag.9 Certain devas who had been born in the deva w …

A Yakkhinī, mother of Punabbasu. One evening towards sunset, when the Buddha was at Jetavana, she, with her daughter Uttarā on her hip and the boy’s hand in hers, came to the grove in search of food. …

Puṇṇa¹

He was born in the family of a householder of Suppāraka in the Sunāparanta country. One day he asked the Buddha for a short lesson so that, having learnt it, he might go back to dwe …

RāhulaRāhulabhadda

Only son of Gotama Buddha. When the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu for the first time after his Enlightenment and accepted Suddhodana’s invitation, Rāhula’s mother sent the boy to the …

A city, the capital of Māgadha.

The place was called Giribbaja (mountain stronghold) because it was surrounded by five hills—Paṇḍava, Gijjhakūṭa, Vebhāra, Isigili and Vepulla. It is said MN.iii.68 th …

SakkaVatrabhūVāsavaMaghavāMāghaPurindadaSahassakkhaSahassanettaSujampatiKosiya

Almost always spoken of as chief of the devas. The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.229 contains a list of his names.

• Maghavā, be …

Sakulā¹

The foremost among nuns in the divine eye. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verses say that while still living in the household, she heard the Dhamma taught by a monk, and then saw the Dhamm …

A very learned brahmin of Candalakappa. One day he saw Dhānañjānī trip up, and heard her exclaim three times, “Glory to the Buddha, the arahant, the all enlightened.” He blamed her for thus extolling …

…and visited him when Keṇiya was making preparations to entertain the Buddha. Having heard the word “Buddha” from Keṇiya, Sela was…

A naked ascetic who practised the “Canine vow,” behaving like a dog. After his visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Kukkuravatika Sutta, he joined the Order and, in due course, became an arahant. M …

A monk of Sāvatthī who was found guilty of various Vinaya offences, and was therefore subjected to the Nissayakamma. Udāyī (Lāludāyi) was his friend and his evil genius. Vin.iii.110f.

A wanderer. She once saw Sāriputta in Rājagaha eating his meal, which he had begged from house to house, leaning against a wall. Sucimukhī asked him why he looked downwards while eating. When Sāriputt …

A monk of Rājagaha. One day, as he walked through the street, a woman asked him to stop for a moment that she might worship him, and, raising the end of his robe, took his penis into her mouth. A doub …

Sundarī¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses consist of a dialogue, firstly between her father Sujāta and a bhikkhunī, Vāsiṭṭhī, Thig.313–324 and later between Sundarī and her mother. Thig …

Sāriputta

The chief disciple of Gotama- Buddha. He is also called Upatissa, which was evidently his personal name. MN.i.150 Sāriputta was a great friend of Mahāmoggallāna. After going forth together …

Sīha¹

A Licchavi general of Vesāli. He was a follower of the Nigaṇṭhas. When the Buddha visited Vesāli, Sīha, having heard reports of his greatness, wished to see him, but Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaput …

Udāyī¹LāludāyīPaṇḍita Udāyī

There were at least two monks called Udāyī, and it is not always possible to be sure which one is meant. When the Buddha preached the Nāgopama Sutta, AN.iii.344 …

The capital of Avanti. In the Buddha’s time, Caṇḍapajjota Vin.i.276 was king of Ujjenī and there was friendly intercourse between that city and Māgadha, whose king was Seniya Bimbisāra. After Bimbisār …

A district identified with modern Orissa. The merchants Tapussa and Bhalluka were on the way from Ukkalā, when they visited the Buddha shortly after his Awakening, near Uruvelā, and offered food to hi …

A monk who was occasionally the attendant of the Buddha, and who features in a number of discourses. Once when the Buddha was attacked by cramp, Upavāna, with the help of his lay-friend Devahita, obt …

Upāli ¹

One of the most eminent of the Buddha’s immediate disciples. He belonged to a barber’s family in Kapilavatthu and entered the service of the Sākiyan princes. When Anuruddha and his …

Uttamā¹

A bhikkhunī whose verses in the Therīgāthā tell of her repeated struggles before realizing awakening. Thig.42–44

Uttamā²

A bhikkhunī whose verses in the Therīgāthā tel …

A Yakkhinī, mother of Punabbasu and Uttarā. Once as she passed Jetavana at sunset looking for food, with her daughter on her hip and holding her son by his finger, she saw the assembly, intently liste …

Uttarā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses tell of her awakening. Thig.15

Uttarā²

The Therīgāthā contains seven verses uttered by her after becoming an arahant, the result of …

UvālaUpavāla

He was examined by the Saṅgha in connection with an offence he had committed. He first denied it, then confessed it, then denied it again, and made counter-charges and spoke lies, knowi …

Vappa ¹

One of the group of five monks who practiced with the Bodhisatta before his Awakening, and who were his first monastic followers. Vappa was disappointed when the Buddha began takin …

VepacittiSambara

An Asura chieftain, who was present with Namuci (Māra) at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

Vepacitti was the friend of Rāhu, and when Rāhu seized Candimā and Suriya …

A class of non human beings generally described as non-human. They are mentioned with Devas, Rakkhasas, Dānavas, Gandhabbas, Kinnaras, and Mahoragas (? Nāgas).

Elsewhere AN.ii.38 they rank, in progr …

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …

…entertained by the Jaṭila Keṇiya. Vin.i.245ff. From Āpaṇa the Buddha went on to Kusinārā. Vin.i.247 In the Saṃyutta Nikāya, SN.v.225…

isteni lakhely

having died last evening

having died last evening

of the previous evening, of last night

gladdening, delighting.

going forward, approach; advance; worsening.

gladdening, entertaining; causing to find pleasure (in); producing contentedness.

perfect understanding; awakening.

perfect understanding (of a Buddha); complete awakening.

abhiññā¹

absol.

abhiññā²

feminine (& ~a m.?)

1. higher or special knowledge; true understanding.
2. a special or supernatural power or knowledge (five (or six): iddhividhā, …

1. a bolt or bar for fastening a door (or window); the doorpanel or door.
2. a patch

1. a bolt or bar for fastening a door (or window); the doorpanel or door.
2. a patch

covering or rug made from pieces of antelope skin sewn together

ripening in uncultivated ground; growing wild

giving sight; awakening

with no space intervening; immediately preceding or following

line or series of blind men

to every cell; cell by cell.

leads away; removes; excepts, excludes; denies.

reviles; denies; rejects.

1. despises; underrates.
2. denies, repudiates.

the male or female genitals.

1. (mfn.) having a hole or holes; split; having gaps; defective.
2. (n., pl. acc. ~ani, ~e) a hole; a split; an opening; a weak point.

twist or plait of cloth.

strengthening; making firm; confirmation.

1. 1. how the world of experience works, the processes by which it works and is explained (especially as formulated in cattāri ariyasaccānī and paṭiccasamuppāda), and the possibility and way of transc …

( ~ā, ī)n., n

1. (mfn.) weakening.
2. (n.f.) the weakening (of)

indeclinable with an opening on both sides.

twist of plait of a cloth.

with legs like the black antelope’s (one of the 32 characteristics of a mahāpurisa).

of the fastening of a door.

ghaṭikā¹

feminine a jar, a pot; a water pitcher.

ghaṭikā²

feminine

1. a piece of wood, a stick; a small piece.
2. a game played with sticks.
3. part of the fastening of a doo …

1. the five (or six, including mind) sense-faculties; (the serenity of the senses is perceptible to others).
2. five mental faculties or energies.
3. three controlling principles.
4. five faculties o …

blind from birth, congenitally blind.

(-ikā)n. begetting; generating, producing; (one) who gives or has given birth (to); (m.) a progenitor, a father; a parent; (f.) a mother.

old, senior, from (time of) birth.

kaṭhina

neuter a framework (covered with a mat) to which the cloth for making robes was attached while being sewn; esp. kaṭhinaṃ attharati

1. spreads or covers the kaṭhina, i.e. makes a robe u …

1. (mfn.) young; belonging to childhood or youth; juvenile; concerned with children or young people; virginal, chaste.
2. (n.) what belongs to childhood; childishness.

1. (mfn.) young; belonging to childhood or youth; juvenile; concerned with children or young people; virginal, chaste.
2. (n.) what belongs to childhood; childishness.

covered with opening buds.

kāla¹

masculine time;

1. 1. a fixed point of time; a period of time; time of day; time of year; time (as past, present or future); grammatical time, the time of the action of a verb; tens …

intent on strengthening the body; concerned with physical well being

intent on strengthening the body; concerned with physical well being

fastening (of a carriage); a strap, a thong; resentment, grudge.

the opening of a conduit.

1. 1. a sign or mark by which something or someone is recognized or identified or known or defined; a distinguishing mark or appearance; a perceived (enduring) attribute, predicate (especially that of …

one who solicits gifts in an inappropriate way; (according to commentaries : one who grinds or scrapes away, who belittles or denies the good qualities of others for his own advantage)

restraint; prevention, prohibition; contradiction, denial.

ladder; a flight of steps.

entrance, way in; opening, opening for attack; weak point.

looking for an opening; longing for a weak point

proceeding of censure (against a bhikkhu accused of a serious offense who prevaricates or denies the offense; one of the methods of settling a case or dispute)

(~ā ~ī)n. & m. & ~ī, feminine

1. (m.fn.) thick; solid; firm.

2. (mfn.)

   1. old, elderly; elder, senior; venerable.
   2. elder, senior in the saṅgha (ordained for 10 years or more)

3. (m.) an …

elders and those next in seniority.

more senior.

female elder in the saṅgha; a venerable bhikkhunī (of whatever seniority)

in a hurry; hastening.

with an opening or spout on both sides; with a mouth or face on both sides; facing two ways

opening.

ukka¹

feminine a fire brand

ukka²

masculine neuter a house.

ukka³

masculine re-opening (of a (legal) question already settled).

disturbance, re-opening (of a (legal) question already settled).

disturbance, re-opening (of a (legal) question already settled).

consisting in re-opening (a matter already settled).

the mouth, opening of a crucible

tying, fastening; what ties or connects.

splitting, opening up.

an upper loop or fastening (for hanging a door)

on one’s back, supine; with the mouth or opening uppermost; spread out; clear; plain, easily understood; shallow.

of the previous evening, of last night

of the previous evening, of last night

fastening, hanging (on, loc.)

fastening, hanging (on, loc.)

1. light, daylight; luster, brightness.
2. insight, vision; the light of knowledge, awakening.

window; an opening to let the light in; shutters

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

separateness, distinction; schism

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

used

1. by and to non-Buddhists.
2. by bhikkhus (and bhikkhunīs)
   1. to lay-followers.
   2. to each other (but not used by or to the Buddha, and later used only by a senior bhikkhu to a junior.

Abhisamācārika-sīla: ’ morality consisting in good behaviour’, relates to the external duties of a Bhikkhu such as towards his senior, etc. abhisamācārika-sīla is a name for those moral rule …

Ariya-puggala: or simply Ariya: Noble Ones, noble persons:
The 8, Ariya = Noble Ones are those who have realized one of the 8 stages of Nobility, i.e. the 4 supra-mundane paths magga …

Awakening: see: Bodhi

Bodhi: from verbal root budhi to awaken, to understand: awakening, enlightenment, supreme knowledge. Through Bodhi one awakens from the slumber or stupor inflicted upon the mind by the defilemen …

Bojjhanga: ‘the 7 factors of enlightenment’, are: awareness or mindfulness sati-sambojjhanga, sati, investigation of the law dhamma-vicaya-sambojjhanga energy viriya-sambojjhanga, *vir …

Passaddhi: passaddhi-sambojjhanga: :* * ‘tranquillity, as link to Awakening’, consists in tranquillity of mental properties kāya-passaddhi and tranquillity of consciousness citta - *passa …

Pubbenivāsānussati: ‘remembrance of former births’, is one of the higher powers abhiññā, and a factor of threefold knowledge tevijja.

Puñña-kiriya-vatthu: ‘bases of meritorious action’. In the suttas, 3 are mentioned consisting of giving generosity; dāna - maya - p of morality sīla - maya - p and of mental de …

Tathatā: ‘Suchness’, designates the firmly fixed nature bhāva of all things whatever. The only passage in the Canon where the word occurs in this sense, is found in Kath. 186 see: Guide, p. 83. …

Ākāsa: ‘space’, is, according to Com., of two kinds: 1. limited space paricchinnākāsa or paricchedākāsa, 2. endless space anantākāsa, i.e. cosmic space.

1. Limited space, under th …

Ānāpāna-sati: Awareness or mindfulness on & by in-and-out-breathing, is one of the most important trainings for reaching mental concentration and the 4 absorptions jhāna. In the Satipatthāna …

A-¹

the prep. ā shortened before double cons., as akkosati (ā + kruś), akkhāti (ā + khyā), abbahati (ā + bṛh)

Best to be classed here is the a- we call expletive. …

adjective not frowning, genial Vin.iii.181 (but here spelt bhākuṭikabhākuṭika); DN.i.116, cp. DN-a.i.287; Dhp-a.iv.8 (as variant reading T. has abbhokuṭika).

a + bhākuṭi + ka; Sk. bhrakuṭi frown

˚- the evening before, last night; ˚kālakata MN.i.170 = Ja.i.81; ˚gata gone last night Ja.vi.386 (hiyyo paṭhama-yāme C.).

1. putting forth, performance, doing, working, practice: only in two comb^ns., viz
   1. gamiya˚; (or gamika˚) a heathenish practice Vin.i.233; AN.iv.180, &
   2. iddha˚; (= iddḥi˚) work …

Abhiññā¹

feminine Rare in the older texts. It appears in two contexts. Firstly, certain conditions are said to conduce (inter alia) to serenity, to special knowledge (abhiññā), to specia …

adverb below, usually comb^d. or contrasted with uddhaṃ “above” and tiriyaṃ “across”, describing the 3 dimensions
■ uddhaṃ and …

adjective

1. not heavy, not troublesome, only in phrase: sace te agaru “if it does not inconvenience you, if you don’t mind” (cp. BSk. yadi te aguru. Av. SN.i.94, SN.i.229; SN.ii.90) Vin.i.25; Vin. …

Aggaḷa & Aggaḷā

feminine (see [occasionally with l.](/define/occasionally with l.)) a contrivance to fasten anything for security or obstruction:

1. a bolt or cross-bar Vin.i.290; DN.i.89 (*-ṃ āko …

Aggaḷa & Aggaḷā

feminine (see [occasionally with l.](/define/occasionally with l.)) a contrivance to fasten anything for security or obstruction:

1. a bolt or cross-bar Vin.i.290; DN.i.89 (*-ṃ āko …

…-paveṇi a cloth of the size of a couch made from pieces of ant. skin sewn together Vin.i.192; DN.i.7 (= ajina-cammehi…

the eye MN.i.383 (ubbhatehi akkhīhi); Snp.197, Snp.608; Ja.i.223, Ja.i.279; Ja.v.77; Ja.vi.336; Pv.ii.9#26 (akkhīni paggharanti: shed tears, cp. Pv-a.123); Vv-a.65 (-īni bhamanti, my eyes swi …

…(+ acakkhuka), DN.i.239 (˚veṇi, reading & meaning uncertain); AN.i.128; Thig.394 (= bāla Thag-a.258). See compounds ˚karaṇa, ˚kāra,…

…by the way Ja.v.302; pariveṇiyaṃ in every cell Vin.i.80; magge along the road Ja.v.201; vāte with the wind Ja.ii.382.

B. As…

awakening; perception, recognition, understanding SN.i.126 (?) = AN.v.46 (anubodhiṃ as aor. of anubodhati?); Pp.21; Mil.233. Freq. in comp^n. ananubodha (adj.) not understanding, not knowi …

awakening, understanding, recognition Pts.i.18 (bodhana +).

fr. anubodhati

awakening, recognition Pts.i.18 (bujjhana +).

fr. anubujjhati

…anu A Vin.i.80, Vin.i.106.

anu + pariveṇiyaṃ = loc. of pariveṇi

Anupubbi-kathā

feminine a gradual instruction, graduated sermon regulated exposition of the ever higher values of four subjects (dāna-kathā, sīla˚, sagga˚, magga˚) i.e. charity righteousness, the h …

to remember, recollect, have memory of (acc.), bear in mind; be aware of DN.ii.8, DN.ii.53, DN.ii.54 (jātito etc.); SN.iii.86 sq. (pubbenivāsaṃ), SN.v.67 (dhammaṃ a. anuvitakketi), 303 (kappasahassaṃ) …

adjective not affected by death, immortal Ja.ii.56 (asusāna-ṭṭhāna C.); Dhp-a.ii.99.

an + amata the ā being due to metrical lengthening

adjective noun

1. (racial) Aryan DN.ii.87.
2. (social) noble, distinguished, of high birth.
3. (ethical) in accord with the customs and ideals of the Aryan clans, held in esteem by Aryans, gene …

not listening to, inattention MN.i.168.

abstr. fr. assavana

indeclinable adv. and prep of direction (forward motion), in primary meaning “on and further”, then “up to and beyond”.

I. in abstr position

adverbially (only as ttg.): in excess, extremel …

adverb very late, late in the evening Ja.v.94.

ati + sāyaṃ

adjective at a very inconvenient time, much too late DN.i.108 (= suṭṭhu vikāla DN-a.i.277).

ati + vikāla

Aṭṭha¹

num. card, eight, decl. like pl. of adj. in-a A. The number in objective significance, based on natural phenomena: see compounds ˚angula, ˚nakha, ˚pada, ˚pāda B. The number in …

adverb outside

1. (adv.) Ja.i.361 (˚dvāre-gāma a village outside the city gates); Pv.i.10#2; Dhp-a.iii.118; Pv-a.24, Pv-a.61.
2. (prep.) with acc. (direction to) Ja.i.298 (˚gāmaṃ) with loc. ( …

1. religious offering, oblation DN.ii.74 (dhammika); AN.iv.17, AN.iv.19; Snp.223; Mhvs.36, Mhvs.88 (particularly to subordinate divinities, cp. Mvu. translation 263) Dhp-a.ii.14 (variant reading ˚k …

the plant Pentapetes phoenicea MN.ii.14 (˚puppha); DN.ii.111 (id.) Ja.iv.279; Vism.174; Dhs-a.14; Vv-a.43, Vv-a.161.

cp. Class. Sk. bandhujīva

adjective

1. the plant Pentapetes phoenicea Ja.iv.279 (˚puppha, evidently only a contraction of bandhu-jīvaka, cp. C. bandhujīvaka puppha; although Sk. bandhūka is given as syn. of bandhujīva at Hal …

indeclinable the letter or sound (syllable) bh; figuring in Bdhgh’s exegesis of the N. Bhagavā as representing bhava, whereas ga stands for gamana, va for vanta Kp-a.109
■ …

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

1. knowing Mil.168 (cp. SN.v.83).
2. (adj.) enlightening, teaching Bv.26, Bv.22 (pacchima-jana˚).

fr. bodheti

Bodhi¹

feminine (supreme knowledge, enlightenment, the knowledge possessed by a Buddha (see also sambodhi & sammā-sambodhi) MN.i.356; MN.ii.95 = DN.iii.237 (saddho h …

…Lal.343) the foll. 18 āveṇikadharmas (“extraordinary qualities”) as such: 1 seeing all things past, 2 present, 3 future, 4 propriety of…

awakening, attaining to knowledge, recognition Pts.i.18; Mil.194; DN-a.i.51.

fr. budh

to be awake, to be enlightened in (acc.), to perceive, to know, recognise, understand DN.ii.249; SN.i.74, SN.i.198; Dhp.136, Dhp.286; Thag.146; Ja.iii.331; Ja.iv.49 Ja.iv.425; Mil.165, Mil.348 (pot. b …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

Daḍḍhi˚

making firm, strengthening, in; kayādaḍḍhi-bahula strengthened by gymnastics, an athlete Ja.iii.310 (variant reading daḷhi˚), Ja.iv.219 (variant reading distorted kādaḷiphahuna).

not with …

Daḷhī˚

in kāya-daḷhī-bahula strong in body athletic Vin.ii.76, cp. Com. on p. 313; Ja.iii.310; Ja.iv.219 daḷhīkaraṇa steadiness, perseverance Snp-a.290 (+ ādhāraṇatā), Snp-a.398 (id). In compoun …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

adjective bearing, holding, comprising Vv-a.104 (suvaṇṇassa pañcadasa˚ nikkha holding, i.e. worth or equal to 15 parts of gold)
■ f. -ī bearing, i.e. pregnant with Snp.26 (of cows: *godharaṇiyo …

1. a yoke, a pole, the shaft of a carriage Ja.i.192 (purima-sakaṭa˚) Ja.i.196; Cp.ii.8, Cp.ii.4.
2. (fig.) a burden, load, charge, office, responsibility Snp.256 (vahanto porisaṃ dh ˚ṃ “carrying a hu …

point of the compass, region quarter, direction, bearings. The 4 principal points usualy enumerated are puratthimā (E) pacchimā (W) dakkhiṇā (S) uttarā (N …

evening, dusk. Only in acc. as adv. dosaṃ (= doṣāṃ) at night Ja.vi.386.

Sk. doṣā & doṣas, cp. Gr.; δύω, δύομαι to set (of the sun)

Du˚¹

(& before vowels dur˚) indeclinable

1. syllable of exclamation (= duḥ “bad, woe” (beginning the word du (j)-jīvitaṃ) Dhp-a.ii.6, Dhp-a.ii.10 = Pv-a.280, cp. Ja.iii.47; Bdhgh’s …

…cloth Vin.ii.266.

• -veṇi plaited cotton cloth Vin.ii.266.

Sk. dūrśa & dūṣya

Dussa²

at Ja.iii.54 is…

1. giving, dealing out, gift; almsgiving liberality, munificence; especially a charitable gift to a bhikkhu or to the community of bhikkhus, the Sangha (cp. deyyadhamma & yañña). As such it constitute …

DN.iii.157; Ja.vi.537 sq., & Eṇeyyaka AN.i.48; AN.ii.122; Ja.v.155 Cnd.604 = eṇi.

The three formations (described below in the etymology) are represented in Pāli as follows.

1. gacch˚, in
   pres gacchati;
   imper gaccha & gacchāhi;
   pot gacche (Dhp.46, Dhp.224) & gacchey …

1. 1. in special sense: a meeting or a chapter of (two or three bhikkhus, a company (opposed both to sangha, the order & puggala, the individual) Vin.i.58, Vin.i.74, Vin.i.195, Vin.i.197 Vin.ii.170, V …

Ghara¹

(nt.; pl. ˚ā Dhp.241, Dhp.302) a house AN.ii.68; Snp.43 (gahaṭṭhā gharaṃ āvasantā), Snp.337 (abl gharā), Snp.889 (id. gharamhā); Ja.i.290 (id. gharato), Ja.iv.2, Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.49 …

1. to be connected or continued Dhp-a.i.46 (paveṇī na gh.), Dhp-a.i.174.
2. to be obstructed Cnd.102 (= virujjhati, paṭihaññati).

Pass. of ghaṭeti

, f.) a cow, an ox, bull, pl. cattle. For f. cp gāvī; see also *gava*˚ for cpds
■ Sg. nom. go (Snp.580 also in composition, cp. aja-go-mahisādi Pv-a.80 = pasū) gen. gavassa (MN.i. …

…nāmaṃ paveṇi-vasena gottaṃ: the name for recognition, the surname for lineage); Snp.648; Vv.84#45 (with nāma &…

1. cause, reason, condition SN.i.134; AN.iii.440 sq.; Dhs.595, Dhs.1053; Vism.450 Tikp.11, Kp.233, Kp.239. In the older use paccaya and hetu are almost identical …

kind of palm, Phoenix paludosa Vin.i.190; Dhp-a.iii.451.

hiṃ + tāla

Hāsu˚

of uncertain origin occurs with hāsa˚; in combination with -pañña and is customarily taken in meaning “of bright knowledge” (i.e. hāsa + paññā), wise, clever The syn. javana-pañña poin …

adjective menial; a retainer, in the phrase muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā (kiṇhā) bandhupādāpaccā DN.i.90 (variant reading SS imbha T. kiṇhā, variant reading kaṇhā), DN.i.91, DN.i.103; MN.i.334 (ki …

the rose-apple tree, Eugenia Jambolana Ja.ii.160; Ja.v.6; Vv.6#7; Vv.44#13 , Vv.44#164
■ As adj f. jambī sarcastically “rose-apple-maid,” applied to a gardener’s daughter Ja.iii.22.

*-[dīpa]( …

Janati¹

only in Caus. janeti [Sk. janayati] often spelled jāneti (cp. jaleti: jāleti) & Pass. (intrs.) jāyati to bring forth, produce, cause, syn. sañjaneti nibbatteti …

mother DN.ii.7 sq.; MN.iii.248; AN.iv.276; Ja.i.48; Ja.ii.381 Ja.iv.48.

f. to janitṛ = γενέτως = genitor, cp. genetrix. The Sk. form is janitrī. On e: i cp. petti˚: pitri˚

…= Snp.165 (eṇi˚); Snp.610; Ja.ii.240; Ja.v.42; Ja.vi.34; Thag-a.212). In compounds jangha (except in janghā-vihāra).

*…

…previously been j.) = Vv-a.13 = Pv-a.22; SN.i.78; Snp.p.103 Snp.p.104 (Keṇiya j.); Ja.i.15; Ja.ii.382; Ud.6; Dpvs.i.38.

BSk. jaṭila

? a window or opening in general Ja.ii.334.

■ Instr. jātiyā (Snp.423) & jaccā (DN.ii.8; Ja.iii.395; Dhp.393); abl. jātiyā (SN.i.88) & jātito (by descent: DN.ii.8); loc. jātiyaṃ (Pv-a.10) & jātiyā (Pv-a.78).

1. birth, rebirth, possibility of …

indeclinable interr. adv. when? (very often foll. by fut.) Thag.1091–Thag.1106; Ja.ii.212; Ja.vi.46); Dhp-a.i.33; Pv-a.2
■ combined with-ssu Ja.v.103, Ja.v.215; Ja.vi.49 sq -ci [ …

crab SN.i.123; MN.i.234; Ja.i.222; Vv.54#6 (Vv-a.243, Vv-a.245); Dhp-a.iii.299 (mama… kakkaṭakassa viya akkhīni nikkhamimsu, as a sign of being in love). Cp. kakkhaḷa.

• -nala a kind of sea-re …

(Sk. karkāru, connected with karkaṭaka]

1. a pumpkin-gourd, the Beninkasa Cerifera Ja.vi.536 kakkārujātāni = valliphalāni (reading kakkaru to be corr.).
2. a heavenly flower Ja.iii.87, Ja.iii.88 = dibbapuppha

Name of a certain herb or plant (Convolv. repens?); may be a bulb or radish Ja.iv.46 (= tālakanda), cp. p. Ja.iv.371, Ja.iv.373 (where C explains by tāla-kanda; gloss BB however gives latā-tanta); J …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

Karoṭi¹

feminine

1. a basin, cup, bowl, dish Ja.i.243; Ja.ii.363; Ja.iii.225; Ja.iv.67; Ja.v.289, Ja.v.290.
2. the skull (cp. kaḷopi On the form cp. Dial. i.227 n.) Ja.vi.592.

Karoṭi<s …

(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & viss …

adjective

1. (having) how many years, how old? Ja.v.331.
2. (having had) how many rainy seasons (in the bhikkhu’s career) of how many years’ seniority? Vin.i.86; Ud.59; Mil.28; Dhp-a.i.37.

kati + vassa

1. pulling, drawing Mil.231.
2. refusing, rejecting, renunciation, applied to the self-denial of missionary theras following Gotama Buddha’s example Mhvs.12, Mhvs.55.

Name of a tree Ja.v.405. Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. suggests misreading for koka Phoenix sylvestris.

?

adjective noun to be eaten or chewed, eatable, solid food, usually in cpd. -bhojja solid and other food, divided into 4 kinds, viz. asita, pīta, khāyita sāyita Pv.i.5#2 (= Pv-a.2 …

1. prop, support, in; -kata “making a prop,” i.e. with his arms akimbo Vin.ii.213 = Vin.iv.188.
2. obstruction, stiffening, paralysis in ūru˚ “stiffening of the thigh” MN.i.237 (through pain); Ja.v …

female khattiya, in series brāhmaṇī kh˚ vessī suddī caṇḍālī nesādī veṇī rathakārī pukkusī AN.iii.229; similarly MN.ii.33, MN.ii.40.

Khaṇa¹

1. (m.) a (short), moment, wink of time; in phrase khaṇen’ eva “in no time” Pv-a.38 Pv-a.117; Sdhp.584 (etc.). Sdhp.584; khaṇo ve mā upaccagā “let not the slightest time be wasted …

hunger & thirst: ˚āya mīyamāno MN.i.85. Personified as belonging to the army of Māra Snp.436 = Nd ii.on visenikatvā. To be tormented by hunger & thirst is the special lot of the; Petas: Pv.i.11#10 P …

Koka¹

a wolf Ja.vi.525; Mnd.13 = Cnd.420; Mil.267 = Ja.v.416. ˚vighāsa remainder of a wolf’s meal Vin.iii.58.

not = Sk. koka, cuckoo

Koka²

Name of a tree, Phoenix sylvestris: …

adjective juvenile, belonging to a youth or maiden: f. komārī a virgin AN.iv.210.

• -pati husband of a girl-wife Ja.ii.120.
• -brahmacariyā (˚ṃ carati …

…in kulatantikulapaveṇi-rakkhako anujāto putto “one who keeps up the line & tradition of the family” Ja.vi.380;…

1. m. a class of fairies or genii grouped with Yakkhas, Rakkhasas and Asuras SN.ii.258 (k˚ puriso vehāsaṃ gacchanto); Ja.i.204; Ja.iii.147 (with def.); Mil.267; Dhp-a.i.280; Pgdp.60.
2. nt. a kind of …

an opening bud AN.iv.117, AN.iv.119.

for kusuma˚

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

group, heap, collection, aggregate, body

Definitions and synonyms

Snp-a.31 gives the foll. synonyms and similes of kāya: kuṭī, guhā (Snp.772), deha, sandeha (Dhp.148 = Thag.20), nāvā (Dhp.3 …

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

receiving, getting, acquisition, gain, possession; pl. possessions DN.i.8; DN.ii.58, DN.ii.61; MN.i.508 (ārogya-paramā lābhā); MN.iii.39; AN.i.74; AN.iv.157 sq., AN.iv.160 (lābhena abhibhūto pariyādi …

adj.

1. (-˚) receiving, getting, having, possessed of MN.iii.39 (as n. “a receiver, recipient”) AN.i.24; AN.ii.85; AN.iv.400; Pp.51; Vb.332 (nikāma˚) Ja.i.140.
2. one who has intuition either in rea …

1. intoxication, sensual excess, in formula davāya madāya maṇḍanāya (for purposes of sport, excess, personal charm etc. MN.i.355 = AN.ii.40 = Mnd.496 = Cnd.540 = Pp.21 = Dhs.1346, Dhs.1348. The comm …

1. a bowl, a vessel (?) used in bathing Vin.ii.106 (mallakena nahāyati; or is it a kind of scrubber? Bdhgh’s explⁿ of this passage (CV v. i.4) on p. 315 is not quite clear mallakaṃ nāma *ma …

Arabian jasmine Dhp.54 (tagara˚) Ja.i.62; Ja.iii.291; Ja.v.420; Mil.333, Mil.338; Dhs-a.14; Kp-a.44. mallika-makula opening bud of the jasmine Vism.251 = Vb-a.234 (˚saṇṭhāna, in descr, of shape …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Maru¹

a region destitute of water, a desert. Always combined with -kantāra: Mnd.155 (as Name); Ja.i.107; Vb-a.6; Vv-a.332; Pv-a.99, Pv-a.112.

cp. Epic Sk. maru

Maru²

1. …

ray of light Abhp.64; Dhp-a.426 (old citation unverified).

Vedic mayūkha in diff. meaning, viz. a peg for fastening a weft etc., Zimmer Altind. Leben 254

…(red deer) see under eṇi & sarabha
■ Snp.39, Snp.72; Ja.i.154; Ja.iii.270 (called Nandiya); Pv-a.62, Pv-a.157….

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

holy man, a sage, wise man.

I

The term which was specialised in Brahmanism has acquired a general meaning in Buddhism & is applied by the Buddha to any man attaining perfection in self-rest …

mouse SN.ii.270 (mudu˚ a tender, little m.).

Venic mūṣ & mūḥ mouse or rat; cp. Lat. mūs Gr. μϋς, Ohg. mūs = E. mouse. Not to muṣ to steal but to same root as Lat. moveo, to move

Na¹

expletive-emphatic particle, often used in comparative-indefinite sense just so, like this, as if, as (see cana & canaṃ) Ja.v.339 (Com. cttha na-kāro upamāne). Als …

adjective finding or giving delight, delighting in, pleasurable, gladdening. SN.ii.53 (vedanā) AN.ii.59 AN.ii.61 Iti.112

Sk. nandin

Nava¹

(num.) number nine. gen
■ dat. navannaṃ (Snp.p.87) instr
■ abl. navahi (Vv-a.76), loc. navasu.

Meaning and Application: The primitive-Aryan importance of the “mystic” nine i …

Ni˚

Nearly all (ultimately prob. all) words under this heading are compounds with the pref. ni.

A. Forms

1. Pāli ni˚; combines the two prefixes ni, nis (nir). They ar …

tying, fastening; binding, bond; (adj.) tied to, fettered Snp.654 (kamma˚); Mil.78, Mil.80.

ni + bandhana

ladder, a flight of stairs DN.i.194, DN.i.198; Ja.i.53; Ja.ii.315; Ja.iii.505; Mil.263; Vism.244, Vism.340 (in simile); Dhp-a.i.259.

fr. nis + śri, orig. that which leans against, or leads to som …

adjective observant, listening to, attending to, careful of AN.v.166, AN.v.168 (dhammānaṃ).

cp. Sk. niśāmana

stopping, dwelling, resting-place, abode; living, sheltering Ja.i.115 (˚ṃ kappeti to put up), Ja.ii.110; Pv-a.76, Pv-a.78. Usually in phrase pubbe-nivāsaṃ anussarati “to remember one’s former ab …

name.

1. Literal. nom. nāmaṃ SN.i.39; Snp.808; Ja.ii.131; Mil.27; acc. nāmaṃ Pv-a.145 (likhi: he wrote her name)
   ■ nāmaṃ karoti to give a name Snp.344 Cnd.466 (n’ etaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ on “ …

submersion ducking, bathing; fig. for bathing-place Snp.214 (= manussānaṃ nahāna-tittha Snp-a.265). See also avagāhana.

o + gahana fr. gāhati; Sk. avagāhana; concerning sho …

1. put down into, deposited Dhp.150.
2. put down, laid down, taken off, relieved of, in phrase ohitabhāro (arahaṃ) (a Saint) who has laid down the burden: see arahatta iii. C.; …

adjective possessing strengthening qualities, giving strength. MN.i.480 SN.i.212 (so read for ovajaṁ; phrase ojavaṁ asecanakaṁ of Nibbāna, translated “elixir”) Thag.2, 196 (identical ojavantaṁ Thag-a …

…Thag.88.

o + likh, cp. Sk….

breaking or splitting up, breaking, opening Vv-a.183; akkhara˚ breaking up of letters, word-analysis, phonology DN.i.88 (= sikkhā ca nirutti ca DN-a.i.247 = Snp-a.447)
■ adj (-˚) breaking up in …

adjective noun

1. (nt.) awakening waking, arising Dhp-a.i.232 (˚codana-kamma).
2. (adj. arousing (or realising?) Vv.64#22 (= kata-pīti-pabodhano Vv-a.282); awaking Thag.893 (samma-tāḷa˚).

fr. pabodhati

adverb behind, aft, after, afterwards, back; westward DN.i.205; Snp.645 Snp.773, Snp.949; Mnd.33 (= pacchā vuccati anāgataṃ, pure vuccati atītaṃ); Cnd.395; Dhp.172, Dhp.314, Dhp.421; Pv.i.11#1 Pv.i.11 …

1. (re)appearance, happening, coming on phenomenon Ja.iii.524; Ne.28; Snp-a.509; Dhs-a.332 Thag-a.288.
2. tending DN.iii.191.
3. vv.ll. gilānupaṭṭhāna.

fr. paṭi + upa + sthā; cp. Cpd. 13 & …

…SN.ii.280; Ja.i.89 (paveṇiṃ) Pv-a.74 (turiyāni). ger. paggayha taking up, raising up, stretching forth Snp.350 (=…

in pahāsanto saparisaṃ at Thag-a.69 should preferably be read as pahāsayanto parisaṃ, thus taken as Caus. of pa + has, i.e. making one smile, gladdening.

1. original or natural form, natural state or condition (lit. make-up); as ˚- = primary original, real Vin.i.189; Vin.ii.113; Ja.i.146 (˚vesena in her usual dress); Kp-a.173 (˚kammakara, ˚jeṭṭhaput …

adjective noun loosening, setting free; deliverance, emancipation SN.i.172 = Snp.78; AN.ii.24, AN.ii.37 AN.ii.49 sq.; Snp.166 (maccupāsā, abl. = from), Snp.1064 (pamocanāya dat. = pamocetuṃ Cnd); Iti. …

loosening, setting free or loose, in cpd. -kara deliverer SN.i.193 = Thag.1242 (bandhana˚)-adj. dup˚; difficult to be freed SN.i.77; Snp.773; Dhp.346; Ja.ii.140.

fr. pa + muc

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

1. to let fall away, to lose, to waste SN.ii.29; Ja.iv.214 (vegaṃ); Mil.244 (cittaṃ to lose heart, to despair); Pv-a.78.
2. to set aside, abandon, neglect, omit Vin.i.72 (rājakiccaṃ) Ja.ii.438; Ja.iv …

ripening, healing (of a wound) Mil.112.

pari + paccana

ripening, maturing, digestion Vism.351, Vism.363, Vism.365.

pari + pācana¹

…at Vv-a.351 as follows: veṇiyato pekkhitabbato pariveṇaṃ pāsāda-kūtâgāra-ratti-ṭṭhān’ ādisampannaṃ…

Err:509

good advice, application trick, artfulness, artifice Ja.v.361, Ja.v.369. (C. expln^s as parisuddha after variant reading pariyodāta which was prob misread for pariyodāna), 370.

pari + apad …

“bending round,” i.e.

1. change, alteration in utu˚; (sudden) change of season, unseasonable weather, with ref. to illnesses caused by such (˚ja ābādhā) = illness arising from the change of season …

calmness, tranquillity, repose, serenity MN.iii.86; SN.ii.30; SN.iv.78; SN.v.66; AN.iv.455 sq.; Pts.ii.244; Dhs.40 (kāya˚), Dhs.41 (citta˚), cp. Dhs trsl. 23; Vism.129; Vb-a.314 (kāya˚, citta˚); Dh …

1. clearness, brightness, purity; referring to the colours (“visibility”) of the eye Ja.i.319 (akkhīni maṇiguḷa-sadisāni paññāyamāna pañca-ppasādāni ahesuṃ); Snp-a.453 (pasanna-netto i.e. pañca-v …

Patti¹

on foot, one who is on foot, a foot-soldier Vin.iv.105 (as one of the 4 constituents of a senā or army, viz. hatthī elephants, assā horses, rathā chariots, pattī …

adjective

1. (adj.) happening, going on, procedure, resulting Thig.220 (assu ca pavattaṃ taken by Mrs. Rh. D. as “tears shed”); Thag-a.179; Pv-a.35, Pv-a.83 (gāthāyo), Pv-a.120, esp. with ref. to …

1. manifestation, wielding, execution, giving, in āṇā˚; royal authority Ja.iii.504 Ja.iv.145 Thag-a.283
2. happening, incident, news Ja.i.125, Ja.i.150; Ja.ii.416; Vism.91; Pv-a.6, Pv-a.17, Pv-a …

…(tanti-dhara vaṃsanurakkhaka +); Dhp-a.iii.386.

pa + veṇi; cp. late Sk. praveṇi in meanings 1 & 2

happening, proceeding, fate, event Pv-a.31 (variant reading pavatti), Pv-a.46, Pv-a.53, Pv-a.61, Pv-a.78, Pv-a.81 and passim (perhaps should be read pavatti at all passages).

fr. pa + vṛt, c …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

Paṭicca-samuppāda

“arising on the grounds of (a preceding cause)” happening by way of cause working of cause & effect, causal chain of causation causal genesis, dependent origination, theory of the …

repulsion, opposition, enmity, retaliation; only in compound with kṛ; as -senikaroti to make opposition, to oppose, retaliate Snp.932, cp. Mnd.397; -senikattar (n ag.), one who repulses, fight …

to repel, push away, be inimical towards, retaliate (opp. usseneti) AN.ii.215 (paṭisseneti); Snp.390 (˚seniyati).

paṭi + seneti, see usseneti

Phala¹

neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]

1. (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …

adjective [either fr. Caus. of phal¹ (phāleti), or fr. sphar (cp. phārita, i.e. expanded), or fr. sphāy (swell increase, cp. sphāra & sphārī bhavati to open, expand) expanding, openin …

adjective pleasant, convenient, comfortable Ja.iii.343 Ja.iv.30; Dhp-a.ii.92; Pv-a.42
■ aphāsuka unpleasant uncomfortable, not well Ja.ii.275, Ja.ii.395; Dhp-a.i.28; Dhp-a. …

(-˚) in chatta˚-vivara is a little doubtful, the phrase prob. means “a crevice in the covering (i.e. the round mass) of the canopy or sunshade” Ja.vi.376. Dutoit (J. translation vi.457) translat …

man, only in cpd. pulliṅga (= purisa-linga) membrum virile, penis Ja.v.143 (where explained by C. as uṇha-chārikā pl. “hot embers”; the pass. is evidently misunderstood; variant reading BB phull˚) …

indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …

indeclinable before (both local & temporal), thus either “before, in front” or “before, formerly, earlier.” In both meanings the opp. is pacchā -

1. local SN.i.176 (pure hoti t …

adjective

1. ancient, past Snp.312, Snp.944 (= Mnd.428 atītaṃ opp. nava = paccuppannaṃ); Dhp.156 (= pubbe katāni C.); with ref. to former births or previous existences p. kammaṃ SN. …

adjective

1. chief, first, excellent eminent, (m.) a leader
   ■ AN.ii.168 (sanga sa˚); Pp.69 Pp.70; Mil.75 (hatthi˚ state elephant). disā˚ worldfamed Ja.i.166, Ja.i.285; Ja.ii.278; Ja.vi.347
   …

1. highwayman, robber SN.ii.188; Ja.v.253.
2. connected with danger, threatening dangerous to (-˚) Vism.152; Pp-a 181 (samādhi˚ vipassanā˚).

fr. paripantha

Pātimokkha (pāti)˚

neuter a name given to a collection of various precepts contained in the Vinaya (forming the foundation of the Suttavibhanga, Vin vols. iii & iv. ed. Oldenberg), as they were recit …

word, esp. the word of the Buddha DN.i.88; SN.ii.259; Thag.587; Thag.2, Thag.457.

pa + vacana, with lengthening of first a (see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 33#1)

adjective striking, surprising, extraordinary, special; nt. wonder, miracle. Usually in stock phrase iddhi˚, ādesanā˚, anusāsanī˚ as the 3 marvels which characterise a Buddha with regard to his teachi …

1. gladdening, thrill, satisfaction Vism.143 = Dhs-a.115.
2. embellishment Vism.32 (= maṇḍana).

fr. prī, cp. pīti

…AN.iii.300; Ud.71 Pp.29 (= seṇi Pp-a 210).

• -āyatana guild’s property Ja.vi.108 (= pūga-santaka dhana C.). *…

(-˚) adjective delighting, enjoyable; only in cpd. dū˚; (= duḥ) difficult to enjoy, not fit for pleasures as nt. absence of enjoyment Dhp.87 = SN.v.24; and mano˚ gladdening the mind (q.v.).

fr. ram

Randha¹

cooked Ja.v.505; Ja.vi.24; Mil.107.

for Sk. raddha, pp. of randhati 2

Randha²

opening, cleft, open spot; flaw, defect, weak spot AN.iv.25; Snp.255, Snp.826 randhamesi …

…Ja.i.442). -paveṇi lineage of the tree Vism.688. -pāṇikā a wooden spoon Vism.124…

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

adjective common, being of the same division Vin.ii.75; like, equal, similar Mil.79; s. āpatti a common offence, shared by all Vin.i.126 sq.; vīthisabhāgena in street company, the whole street in comm …

adjective real, true DN.i.182; MN.ii.169; MN.iii.207; Dhp.408; nt. saccaṃ truly, verily, certainly Mil.120; saccaṃ kira is it really true? DN.i.113; Vin.i.45, Vin.i.60; Ja.i.107; saccato truly S …

thousand, used as a singular with a noun in the plural, sahassaṃ vācā Dhp.100; satasahassaṃ vassāni Ja.i.29; also in the plural after other numerals cattāri satasahassāni chaḷabhiññā Bv.ii.204 = J …

Sakaṭa¹

masculine & neuter a cart, waggon; a cartload DN.ii.110; Vin.iii.114; Ja.i.191; Mil.238; Pv-a.102; Vb-a.435 (simile of two carts); Snp-a.58 (udaka-bharita˚), Snp-a.137 (bīja˚) …

adjective kindly in speech, congenial DN.i.116; Vin.ii.11; Ja.i.202, Ja.i.376; Mil.207; Pv.iv.1#33 (= mudu Pv-a.230). Cp. sākhalya.

• -vācatā use of friendly speech Dhs.1343.

fr. sakhi

“what is carried together,” viz.

1. accumulation, product, preparation; sambhāraseda bringing on sweating by artificial means Vin.i.205.
2. materials, requisite ingredients (of food) Mil.258; Ja.i.48 …

enlightenment, highest wisdom, awakening; the insight belonging to the three higher stages of the Path, Vin.i.10; DN.iii.130 sq., DN.iii.136 sq. SN.ii.223; SN.v.214; MN.i.16, MN.i.241; AN.i.258; AN.ii …

1. crowding, pressure, inconvenience from crowding, obstruction Vism.119 janasambādharahita free from crowding Mil.409 kiṭṭhasambādha crowding of corn, the time when the corn is growing thick MN.i.115 …

adjective gladdening MN.i.146; AN.ii.97; AN.iv.296, AN.iv.328; AN.v.155; Iti.107; Mil.373.

fr. next

serenity, pleasure DN.ii.211, DN.ii.222; AN.ii.199; MN.ii.262.

saṃ + pasāda

adjective leading to serenity, inspiring faith DN.iii.99 sq. (the S. Suttanta), DN.iii.116.

saṃ + pasādaniya

adjective instigating, inciting, gladdening MN.i.146; AN.ii.97; AN.iv.296, AN.iv.328; AN.v.155; SN.v.162; Iti.107.

fr. samuttejeti

adjective primeval, of old; for ever, eternal DN.ii.240, DN.ii.244; SN.i.189 (cp. K.S. i.321: porāṇaka santānaṃ vā paṇḍitānaṃ dhamma); Dhp-a.i.51.

for sanātana (cp. purātana); Idg. *seno = Gr. ε …

1. union, junction Mil.330 (of 2 roads); Bdhgh on SN.ii.270 (between 2 houses).
2. breach, break, hole, chasm DN.ii.83 = AN.v.195; Thag.786; Ja.v.459. āloka˚; a window Vin.ii.172; sandhiṃ chindati …

1. dressing, fastening together Pv-a.231.
2. armour, mail SN.v.6; Ja.ii.443; Th. 1, 543; Ja.i.179.

fr. sannay ati

-thambhitatta (nt.) stiffening, stiffness, rigidity Dhs.636; Dhs-a.324; Ja.i.10 (a-santhambhana-bhāva).

abstr. fr. santhambhati

agreeableness, suitability, convenience Vism.79, Vism.121 (a˚), Vism.127.

abstr. fr. sappāya

Satthaka¹

neuter a knife, scissors Vin.ii.115 (daṇḍa˚, with a handle); Ja.v.254 (as one of the 8 parikkhāras); Mil.282. aya˚; at Ja.v.338 read -paṭṭaka.

• *-[nisādana](/define/nisād …

teacher, master
■ nom. satthā DN.i.49; Snp.179;
■ acc. satthāraṃ DN.i.163; Snp.153, Snp.343;
■ instr. satthārā DN.i.163;
■ instr. satthunā Mhvs.32, Mhvs.19;
■ gen. satthu DN.i.110; Iti.79; V …

evening; only in compounds -ātapa evening sun Vv-a.4, Vv-a.12; -ghana evening cloud Thag-a.146 (Tha-ap.44); Dāvs v.60.

cp. Sk. sandhyā

fastening Ja.v.202, Ja.v.207.

fr. saṃ + yam

1. multitude, assemblage Mil.403 (kāka˚); Ja.i.52 (sakuṇa˚); Snp.589 (ñāti˚); Snp.680 (deva˚) DN.iii.23 (miga˚); Vv.5#5 (accharā˚ = samūha Vv-a.37) bhikkhu˚; an assembly of Buddhist priests AN.i.56 …

one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …

belonging to an army, soldier Ja.i.314.

fr. senā

…Ja.vi.81, Ja.vi.49 seṇimokkha the chief of an army Ja.vi.371 (cp. senā and seniya).

Class. Sk. śreṇi in meaning “guild”; Vedic =…

oiling, softening Mil.229; Dhs-a.335. - Cp. senehika.

adjective softening, oily; -āni bhesajjāni softening medicines Mil.172 (opp lekhaniyāni).

grd. formation fr. sinehana

1. wet, moist Vism.171.
2. oily, greasy, fatty Ja.i.463, Ja.i.481; Snp-a.100 (˚āhāra fattening food).
3. smooth, glossy Ja.i.89; Ja.iv.350 (of leaves); Mil.133.
4. resplendent charming Thag-a.139. 5 …

Su¹

indeclinable a part. of exclamation “shoo!”; usually repeated su su Ja.ii.250; Ja.vi.165 (of the hissing of a snake); Thag-a.110 (scaring somebody away), Thag-a.305 (sound of puffi …

Sutta¹

asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …

rice DN.i.105, DN.i.230; DN.ii.293; Vin.iv.264; MN.i.57; AN.i.32, AN.i.145; AN.iii.49; AN.iv.108 (+ yavaka), AN.iv.231; SN.v.10, SN.v.48; Ja.i.66, Ja.i.178; Ja.iv.276; Ja.v.37; Ja.vi.531; Mil.251; Sn …

1. owner, ruler, lord, master Vin.i.303, Vin.i.307; Snp.83; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.241; Ja.v.253 (˚paribhoga, q.v.); Pv.iv.6#6; Vism.63; DN-a.i.261; Pv-a.43, Pv-a.65. voc. sāmi “Sir” Ja.vi …

adjective courteous polite, friendly (making happy, pleasing, gladdening?) only in combination with kathā, dhamma, or dhammakathā e.g. s. kathā polite spe …

evening, only adverbially sāyaṃ, at night Vin.iii.147; Ja.ii.83; Dhp-a.i.234; usually opposed to pāto (pātaṃ) in the morning early e.g. sāya-pātaṃ DN.ii.188; Mil.419; Ja.i.432, Ja.i.460 Ja.v.4 …

evening DN.ii.9; Ja.i.144; -samayaṃ at evening time DN.ii.205; MN.i.147; Vin.i.21; sāyaṇhasamaye Ja.i.148, Ja.i.279; Pv-a.33, Pv-a.43 Pv-a.100; --kāle the same Ja.iv.120; sāyaṇhe (loc.) …

…line lineage (+ paveṇi custom, tradition) Ja.vi.380; Dhp-a.i.284. -dhara bearer of tradition Vism.99 (+…

wetting, moistening Vism.338; Vv-a.20 (aggimhi tāpanaṃ udake vā temanaṃ) Dhp-a.iii.420.

from temeti

thief adj. stealing: athenena not stealing, not stealthily, openly DN.i.4; DN-a.i.72. f. athenī AN.iii.38. Cp. kumbhatthena Vin.ii.256 (see k.).

Vedic stena & stāyu, besides which tāyu, the latter p …

only used with ref. to the bhikkhus of Gotama Buddha’s community
(adj.) senior Vin.i.47, Vin.i.290 (th. bhikkhū opp. navā bh.), Vin.i.159 (th bhikkhu a senior bh. opp. to navaka bh. a novice), Vin.i …

the rank of a Thera. AN.i.38; AN.ii.23. This has nothing to do with seniority It is quite clear from the context that Thera is to be taken here in the secondary sense explained under Thera. He was a b …

1. a fording place, landing place, which made a convenient bathing place DN.ii.89 = Vin.i.230 (Gotama˚ the G. ford) Ja.i.339, Ja.i.340 (titthāraṇa); Ja.ii.111; Ja.iii.228 (˚nāvika ferryman); Ja.iii.23 …

Tunna¹

struck Thig.162 (vyādhimaraṇa˚ str. with sickness and death).

pp. of tudati

Tunna²

any pointed instrument as a stick, a goad, a bolt, or (usually) a needle Vin.i.290 ( …

hastening, speedy, quick; hastily, in a hurry Snp.1014; Ja.i.69 (turita-turita); Vv.80#8 (= sambhamanto Vv-a.311); DN-a.i.319; Pv-a.181- aturita leisurely, with leisure, slow Ja.i.87
■ See al …

Uddhaṃ & Uddha˚

(indecl.) high up, on top, above (adv. & prep.)
■ On uddhaṃ in spatial, temporal, ethical & psychological application see in detail Cnd.155.

I. (adv.)

1. (of space) up a …

Uddhaṃ & Uddha˚

(indecl.) high up, on top, above (adv. & prep.)
■ On uddhaṃ in spatial, temporal, ethical & psychological application see in detail Cnd.155.

I. (adv.)

1. (of space) up a …

1. firebrand, glow of fire, torch DN.i.49, DN.i.108; SN.ii.264; Thig.488 (˚ûpama) Ja.i.34 (dhamm-okkā); Ja.ii.401; Ja.iv.291; Ja.v.322; Vism.428 Thag-a.287; DN-a.i.148; Dhp-a.i.42, Dhp-a.i.205; P …

enlightening, clearing up, instruction Vb.352 (in def. of lapanā, variant reading ˚kāpanā). Note Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. compares Vism p.115 & Sk. uddīpana in same sense. Def. at Vism.27 (= udd …

(or ˚aṃ nt.) maddening Snp.399 (+ mohanaṃ = paraloke ummādanaṃ ihaloke mohanaṃ Snp-a.377); Thag-a.2, Thag-a.357 (cp. Thag-a.243).

abstr. fr. ummāda

adjective serviceable, helping, effective Ja.v.99; Vism.534
■ f. upakārikā

1. benefactress helper Ja.iii.437.
2. fortification (strengthening of the defence) on a city wall D …

(a girl) who likes to be always near (her mother), a pet, darling, fondling Ja.vi.64 (= mātaraṃ upagantvā sayanika C.).

Sk. upa + either śayanika of śayana, or sayaniya of śī

listening to, attention SN.ii.75; SN.iv.91; Ja.v.100; Mil.92.

fr. upa + śru

keeping a prescribed day, fasting, self-denial, abstaining from enjoyments uposatha*; used extensively in BSk. in meaning of uposatha, e.g. at Avs.i.338, Avs.i.339; Divy.398 in ph …

adverb

1. (as prep. with acc.) lit. “taking it up” (as such & such), i.e.
   1. out of, as, for; in phrase anukampaṃ upādāya out of pity or mercy DN.i.204; Pv-a.61, Pv-a.141, Pv-a.164
   2. compar …

(a kind of) trouble, turbulence, tribulation, unrest, disturbance unsettled condition MN.i.8, MN.i.144, MN.i.363; MN.iii.237; AN.i.144, AN.i.177, AN.i.203 (sa˚); AN.ii.123, AN.ii.203; AN.iii.3, AN.iii …

adjective “sun-out”, the sun being out; i.e. after sunrise or after noon, adverbially in -bhatta eating after mid-day, unpunctual meals AN.iii.260, and -seyyā sleep after sunrise, sleeping lat …

adjective “ut-most”, highest, greatest, best Snp.1054 (dhammaṃ uttamaṃ the highest ideal = Nibbāna for which seṭṭhan Snp.1064; cp. Cnd.317); Dhp.56; Mnd.211; Cnd.502 (in paraphrase of mahā comb^{d …}

adjective noun frightening, fear Ja.i.414 (variant reading for uttasta).

fr. ud + tras, cp. uttāsana

adjective noun hot, as adj only in phrase uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ chaḍḍeti to spill hot blood, i.e. to kill oneself Dhp-a.i.95; otherwise in compounds abs. only as nt. “heat” & always in contrast to sītaṃ “c …

Va¹

the syllable “va” Kp-a.109 (with ref. to ending ˚vā in Bhagavā, which Bdhgh exp^ls as “va-kāraṃ dīghaṃ katvā,” i.e. a lengthening of va); Snp-a.76 (see below va^{3</sup …}

excrement, faeces Vin.ii.212; Vin.iv.229, Vin.iv.265; Vism.250 (a baby’s); Vb-a.232 (id.), Vb-a.243; Pv-a.268
■ vaccaṃ osajjati, or karoti to ease oneself Ja.i.3; Pv-a.268. …

adjective noun being in existence, going on, happening at the time; nt. process, progress, (as ˚-) in progress Snp-a.4 (˚uppanna); Pv-a.55 -vacana the present tense Snp-a.16, Snp-a.23.

ppr. m …

adjective growing, increasing, getting bigger; only in phrase vaḍḍhamānaka-cchāyāya (loc.) with growing shade, as the shadows lengthened, when evening drew near Dhp-a.i.96 Dhp-a.i.416; Dhp-a.ii. …

…Ja.iv.444; Vism.99 (+ paveṇi-pālaka) Dhp-a.iii.386.

• -coraka Name of a certain kind of reed (cp coraka: plant used…

wound, sore Vin.i.205 (m.), Vin.i.218 (vaṇo rūḷho); Vin.iii.36 (m; angajāte), Vin.iii.117 (angajāte) SN.iv.177 (vaṇaṃ ālimpeti); AN.v.347 sq., AN.v.350 sq.; AN.v.359 Cnd.540; Pp-a 212 (purāṇa-vaṇa- …

small ball or thickening, bulb, tuber; in muḷāla˚; the (edible) tuber of the lotus Ja.vi.563 (C. kaṇḍaka).

cp. *Sk. vaṭaka, fr. vaṭa rope

ripening, ripeness, maturity. - (adj.) yielding fruit, resulting in (-˚) AN.i.223 (kāmadhātu˚ kamma); AN.iii.416 (sammoha˚ dukkha); Snp.537 (dukkha˚ kamma).

fr. vipakka

…Ja.v.306 (= tacchikā C.); Pv.iii.1#13 (read veṇī for veṇiṃ).

cp. *Sk. vaiṇa, dial.

…Thig.255; Vv.38#4 (= kesa-veṇi C.). fig. of a “string of people DN.i.239 (andha˚). -kata plaited, having the hair plaited Ja.ii.185;…

shining forth, brightening Vv-a.148.

fr. vibhāti

adjective eyeless, blind, in phrase -kamma making blind or perplexed SN.i.111, SN.i.118 (“darkening their intelligence” translation) [cp. BSk. vicakṣu-karma Mvu.iii.416; Lal.490].

vi + cakkhu

adjective unfastening, breaking up, overthrowing Thag.419.

fr. vighāṭeti

to rouse oneself, to display activity, often applied to the awakening of a lion SN.iii.84; AN.ii.33; Ja.i.12, Ja.i.493; Ja.v.215 (˚amāna, ppr., getting roused), Ja.v.433, Ja.v.487; Ja.vi.173; Vism.311 …

adjective

1. scattering, dispersing; being scattered or dispersed DN.i.11 (cp. DN-a.i.96)
   ■ Vb.358 (T. reads vikī˚; variant reading vikāraṇa & vikkir˚) = Pp.23 (which reads nikaraṇā; trsl. “gui …

refusal, denial Vb-a.493 (see vikiraṇa 1).

cp. BSk. viksepa refusal Avs.i.94

“wrong time,” i.e. not the proper time, which usually means “afternoon” or “evening,” and therefore often “too late.”- Vin.iv.274 (= time from sunset to sunrise); Ja.v.131 (ajja vikālo to-day it is …

1. change, alteration, in mahā˚; great change Vism.366, Vism.367 (of two kinds: anupādiṇṇa upādiṇṇa, or primary & secondary, i.e. the first caused by kappa-vuṭṭhāna, the second by dhātu-kkhobha) K …

opening, expansion Ja.vi.497 (vana˚ opening of the forest); Dhtp.265.

vi + kas: see vikasati¹

Vimāna¹

neuter lit. covering a certain space, measuring; the def^ns given by Dhpāla refer it to “without measure,” i.e. immeasurable. Thus = vigata-māne appamāṇe mahanta vara-p …

adjective bearing fruit, ripening (fully) Mil.421 (Notes); Pv-a.190.

fr. vipaccati, cp. paccana

opening; defect, flaw Mnd.165.

vi + randha²

Virecana

neuter purging, a purgative Vin.i.206 (˚ṃ pātuṃ to drink a p.), Vin.i.279 (id.); DN.i.12; AN.v.218; Ja.iii.48 (sineha˚ an oily or softening purgative); DN-a.i.98.

vi + recana, ric

Viseni˚

“without an enemy,” in -katvā making armyless, i.e. disarming Snp.833, Snp.1078. Explained in the Niddesa as “keep away as enemies, conquering” Mnd.174 = Cnd.602 (where Nd i.reads paṭiseni …

making firm, strengthening, supporting Vism.351 (cp. Dhs-a.335).

fr. vi + thambhati

1. opening (lit. dis-covering), pore, cleft, leak, fissure Dhp.127 (pabbatānaṃ; cp Divy.532; Mil.150; Pv-a.104); Vism.192, Vism.262; Ja.iv.16; Ja.v.87; Dhp-a.iv.46 (mukha˚); Snp-a.355; Pv-a.152, …

1. uncovering, unveiling, making open, revelation, in loka˚; laying open the worlds, unveiling of the Universe; referred to as a great miracle at Vism.392; Mil.350; Dāvs ii.120; Ja.iv.266
2. opening …

1. difference Snp.611.
2. constituent of being (i.e. the khandhas), usually as eka˚, catu˚ & pañca˚-bhava;, e.g. Kv.261; Vb.137 Tikp.32, Kp.36 sq.; Vism.572; Kp-a.245; Snp-a.19, Snp-a.158 In thi …

what has been said, saying; only in title of a canonical book “iti-vuttakaṃ” (“logia”): see under iti.

vutta¹ + ka. The P. conneetion seems to be vac, although formall …

obstructed, hindered Ja.iv.264; restrained (sabbavāri) see vāri.

• -vata (so read for cārita˚) “having the habit of selfdenial” (translation) SN.i.28 (cp. K.S. …

estrangement, alienation, separation, seclusion; always as twofold: kāya˚ citta˚; (of body & of mind), e.g. DN.iii.285 (Dial. iii.260 not correctly “serenity”); SN.v.67; AN.iv.152.

formed fr. vūpakāseti

Ya˚

I. Forms

(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …

1. a brahmanic sacrifice.
2. alms-giving charity, a gift to the Sangha or a bhikkhu.

The brahmanic ritual of Vedic times has been given a changed and deeper meaning. Buddhism has discarded the outwa …

youth-nom. sg.; yuvā DN.i.80 = yobbanena samannāgata DN-a.i.223; Snp.420; Dhp.280 (= paṭhama-yobbane ṭhita Dhp-a.iii.409); Pv.iii.7#1 (= taruṇa Pv-a.205)
■ Cp yava, yuvin & yobbana.

Vedic …

knowledge, intelligence insight, conviction, recognition, opp. añāṇa avijjā, lack of k. or ignorance.

1. Ñāṇa in the theory of cognition:
   it occurs in intensive couple-compounds with terms of …

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

adjective belonging to the evening before, of last night Vin.iii.15 (of food; stale); MN.i.170 (˚kālakata died last night); Mil.291.

abhidosa + ika

seeing, sight (obj. & subj.), i.e.

1. sight, view, look SN.iv.128 = Snp.763; AN.iii.236 (āloke nikkhitta laid before one’s eye). anāloka without sight, blind Mil.296 (andha +).
2. light AN.i.164 ( …

adjective (-˚) special peculiar, separate Vin.ii.204 (˚uposatha etc.); Ja.i.490 (˚sangha-kammāni).

according to Trenckner, Notes 75 fr. ā + vinā “Sine quā non”, but very doubtful

…Vism.268; Vv-a.112 (˚bhāva peculiarity, specialty), Kp-a.23, Kp-a.35.

fr. āveṇi; cp. BSk. āveṇika Avs.i.14, Avs.i.108; Divy.2,…

adjective = āveṇika Vin.i.71; Ja.iv.358; Ja.vi.128.

(so for āviñchana & āviñjana) adjective noun

1. (āvijjhati 2) swinging round, hanging loose, spinning in; āvijjhana-rajju a loose, rope, esp. in mythology the swinging or whirling rope by which Sa …

1. the pin of a wheel-axle, a linch-pin MN.i.119; SN.ii.266, SN.ii.267; AN.ii.32; Snp.654; Ja.vi.253, Ja.vi.432; Snp-a.243; Kp-a.45, Kp-a.50.
2. a peg, pin, bolt, stop (at a door) MN.i.119; SN.ii …

the thigh Snp.610; Vin.ii.105 (in contrast with bāha); Vin.iii.106; Ja.i.277; Ja.ii.275, Ja.ii.443; Ja.iii.82; Ja.v.89, Ja.v.155; Cnd.659 (so read for uru); Vv.64#13; DN-a.i.135 = Vin.ii.190.

• *-a …