herd, assemblage; community, class, lineage; family, household; family residence; good family, a noble or eminent family.

shore, a bank; edge (of a well).

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

…paṃsu˚, & cp. uk˚, upa˚ paṭi˚.

Dhtp.271: kūla āvaraṇe

Acelakassapa¹AcelaKassapa

A naked ascetic. He visited the Buddha at Ujuññā in the Kaṇṇa-katthala deer-park and asked him if it were true that he disparaged all penance and reviled asceti …

BakkulaBākulaVakkula

At the age of eighty, Bakkula heard the Buddha preach and left the world. For seven days he remained unenlightened, but on the dawn of the eighth day he became an arahant. Later, …

A grove in the Bhagga country. It contained a Deer Park wherein the Buddhastayed, on Suṃsumāragiri. Nearby was the house in which lived Nakulapitā and Nakulamātā. AN.ii.61 AN.iii.295 SN.iii.1 SN.iv.11 …

A World ruler. The world itself means “Turner of the Wheel,” the Wheel (Cakka) being the well known Indian symbol of empire. More than one thousand sons are his; his dominions extend throughout the …

A town on the river Eṇi. One of Baka’s good deeds which brought him rebirth in the Brahma-world was that of having set free the inhabitants when the village was raided. SN.i.143

4town

Given as a name used ironically to insult another. Vin.iv.8

KuṇḍalaKulakuṇḍalaKuḷakuṇḍalaKulaKuḷa

The verse attributed to Kundala in the Theragāthā Thag.19 occurs twice in the Dhammapada

…Sakuladāyi and the Culla Sakūladāyi Suttas were preached there. DN.iii.36ff. MN.ii.1 MN.ii.29

The Moranivāpa was on the bank of the…

Wife of Nakulapitā. They were householders of Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga-country. When the Buddha visited the village and stayed at Bhesakalāvana, they went to see him. They immediately fell at his …

Husband of Nakulamātā. They were householders of Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga-country. When the Buddha visited the village and stayed at Bhesakalāvana, they went to see him. They immediately fell at h …

Hell. The Saṃyutta and Aṅguttara Nikāyas and the Sutta Nipāta contain a list of hells: Abbuda, Nirabbuda, Ababa, Aṭaṭa, Ahaha, Kumuda, Sogandhika, Uppala, Puṇḍarīka, Paduma. SN.i.149 AN.v.173 Snp.p.12 …

A class of beings classed with Garuḷas and Supaṇṇas and playing a prominent part in Buddhist folk lore. They are gifted with miraculous powers and great strength. Generally speaking, they are confused …

Wanderer. The name given to some of the ascetics and recluses of the Buddha’s time. They were not exclusively brahmin. Their presence seems to have been recognized and respected from earlier times. Ge …

A young monk whom the Buddha met at the house of Bhaggava, the potter, in Rājagaha. Pukkusāti was already occupying the guest room of the house, and the Buddha asked to be allowed to share it, to whic …

A city, the capital of Māgadha.

The place was called Giribbaja (mountain stronghold) because it was surrounded by five hills—Paṇḍava, Gijjhakūṭa, Vebhāra, Isigili and Vepulla. It is said MN.iii.68 th …

A famous Paribbājaka. The Mahā-Sakuladāyī and the Culla Sakuladāyī Suttas record two conversations between him and the Buddha in the Paribbājakārāma at Moranivāpa in Rājagaha.

He is also said to hav …

Sakulā¹

The foremost among nuns in the divine eye. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verses say that while still living in the household, she heard the Dhamma taught by a monk, and then saw the Dhamm …

Somā¹

One day, as she was meditating at the foot of a tree in Andhavana, Māra, wishing to interrupt her privacy, approached her, invisible in the air, and teased her, remarking on the “two …

SusumāragiriSuṃsumāragiri

A city in the Bhagga country, of which it was probably the capital. Near the city was the Bhesakalāvana where the Buddha stayed.

During his visits there he preached the Anu …

A monk who, with his brother Yamelu, asked from the Buddha permission to translate the Buddha’s teachings into chandas, which probably is Sanskrit metre. Vin.ii.139

A Paribbājaka teacher of Sakuladāyī.

Two brahmins, probably named Yamelu and Tekula, who proposed to the Buddha that the Dhamma should be put into Sanskrit metre chandasi. The Buddha refused their request. Vin.ii.139

non-family, a family that is destroyed or disgraced

not of good family

or neuter (being) an offering according to family custom

in each family; according to custom.

not confused; not crowded; not agitated; calm.

averse to pain or distress; finding pain repugnant.

with halters of dukūla cloth (?); with coverings of dukūla cloth (?)

family or community of the gahapati class.

cattle-shed.

1. hot ashes, embers; burning chaff.
2. (mfn.) burning hot; like hot ashes

1. hot ashes, embers; burning chaff.
2. (mfn.) burning hot; like hot ashes

the kukkuḷa hell

(one) who defiles families

(-ikā)n. who defiles the family; who corrupts a family

carrion-eating bird (a kind of vulture? a raven?)

selfish in regard to (supportive) families

selfish in regard to (supportive) families

selfishness, meanness in regard to (supportive) families

selfishness, meanness in regard to (supportive) families

greedy, selfish about families

greedy, selfish about families

a family circle; a family generation

a family circle; a family generation

adding to a family’s faith

the son of a good or noble family; a noble youth (of whatever birth)

soup of kulattha.

or neuter a receptacle; a shelter or store (?)

the family line; the family succession; the family tradition

“burning coal of the family”, one who ruins his family

or neuter a timber footing or support or buttress.

or neuter a receptacle; a shelter or store (?)

nest; (also, according to commentary, a nestling, a young bird).

the broken-up (clay) of the riverbank

mongoose.

family of low rank.

entangled like a ball of string.

family of high rank, a noble family

rising and descending; high and low; uneven.

family which can be approached

teacher’s house or family; a “school”

…of food āhāre patikkūla-saññā, which may produce neighbourhood-concentration

1 analysis of the 4 elements…

…- Loathsomeness of f. see: āhārepatikkūla - saññā

Patikkūla-saññā: s. kāyagatā - sati

[[āhāre patikkūla-saññā]]Āhāre-patikkūla-saññā: ‘reflection on the disgusting aspects of food’, fully described in Vis.M XI, l.

adjective of noble birth, well-born, SN.i.69; Vv.29#3; Mil.359 (˚kulakulīna belonging to a family of high or noble birth).

abi + jāta

1. known, recognised Snp.588 (abhiññeyyaṃ ˚ṃ).
2. (well)-known, distinguished DN.i.89 (˚kolañña = pākaṭa-kulaja DN-a.i.252), DN.i.235; Snp.p.115.

pp. of abhijānāti

(a brahmin) engaged in learning the Veda (mantajjhāyaka Ja.vi.209; Snp-a.192), a scholar of the brahmanic texts, a studious learned person DN.i.88, DN.i.120; DN.iii.94; AN. …

adjective confused, perplexed, agitated, frightened Ud.5 (akkulopakkula and akkulapakkulika) See ākula.

= ākula

adjective undisturbed, not distracted (by desires), not wavering: of firm resolution, concentrated Snp.65 (= nillolupa Cnd.98; = rasavisesesu anākula Snp-a.118).

a + lola

1. friend, companion, fellow-worker, helper, esp one who gives his advice, a bosom-friend Iti.73; Ja.vi.512 (sahajātā amaccā); Pv.ii.6#20 (a ˚-paricārikā well-advising friends as company or around …

bud Ja.v.416 (= makula C.).

etym.?

adjective

1. (lit.) blind, blinded, blindfolded Ja.i.216 (dhūm˚); Pv.iv.1#48; Pv-a.3
   ■ dark, dull, blinding MN.iii.151 (˚andhaṃ adv. dulled); Snp.669 (Ep. of timisa, like Vedic andhaṃ tamaḥ); D …

adjective not dug into, not dug down, not deep Ja.vi.109 (˚kūla; C. agambhīrā).

a + nikhāta, pp. of nikhanati

…in conformity with. E.g. ˚kūla being to will ˚chavika befitting, ˚ñāta permitted, *al-*lowed, ˚mati con- sent, *a-*greement, ˚madati…

freq. spelling for anukūla.

adjective = anukula Sdhp.242 (iccha˚ according to wish).

…= sacrifice for the propagation of the clan).

anu + kūla, opp. paṭikūla

adjective = anupubba, in cpd. pubbānupubbaka all in succession or in turn, one by one (on nature of this kind of cpd. see anu B iv.) Vin.i.20 (˚ānaṃ kulānaṃ puttā the sons of each c …

acting in turn, gradation, succession Vv.64#14 (= anukūla kiriyā i.e. as it pleases Vv-a.280) cp. ānupubbatā. Anupubbi-katha

fr. anupubba

…(f. ˚inī), Ja.iii.319 (id.); Dhp.86 (dhamma˚); Vv.15#5 (vasa˚ = anukūlabhāvena vattana sīla Vv-a.71); Dhp-a.ii.161.

fr. anuvattati

indeclinable both prep. & conj., orig meaning “close by”, then as prep. “towards, to, on to on” and as adv. “later, and, moreover”.

1. (prep. pref.)
   1. prep. c. loc.: api ratte later on in the n …

state of being undisturbed harmony, balance Ja.vi.224 (C. avisaggata). Cp. avyagga.

a + visaggatā, variant reading viy˚, thus as a + viyagga, Sk. vyagra = ākula

noun adjective

1. (n.) gentleman, sire, lord master Ja.iii.167 = Pv-a.65; Dhp-a.i.8 (ayyā pl. the worthy gentlemen, the worthies), Dhp-a.i.13 (amhākaṃ ayyo our worthy sir); Dhp-a.ii.95
2. (adj.) …

Aḍḍha¹

(& addha) one half, half; usually in comp^n. (see below), like diyaḍḍha 1 1/2 (˚sata 150) Pv-a.155 (see as to meaning Stede, Peta Vatthu p. 107). Note. aḍḍha is nev …

charcoal, burning coal, embers AN.iii.97, AN.iii.380, AN.iii.407; Ja.i.73; Ja.iii.54, Ja.iii.55; Ja.v.488; Snp.668; Sdhp.32. kul˚; the charcoal of the family, a squanderer SN.iv.324 (see under *[kul …

indeclinable the sound (& letter); b, often substituted for or replaced by p (& ph): so is e.g. in Bdhgh’s view pahuta the word bahuta, with p for b (Kp-a.207), cp. bakkula badara, badālatā, ba …

demon, uttering horrible cries, a form assumed by the Yakkha Ajakalāpaka, to terrify the Buddha Ud.5 (see also ākulī, where pākula is proposed for bakkula).

= vyākula? Morris, J.P.T.S. 1886, 94

in milāta˚-puppha is variant reading Kp-a.60 (see App. p. 870 Pj.) for -ākuli˚; which latter is also read at Vism.260.

cp. Class. Sk. bakula, Name of the tree Mimusops elengi, and its (fragr …

Brāhmaṇa¹

a member of the Brahman caste; a Br teacher. In the Buddhist terminology also used for a man leading a pure, sinless & ascetic life, often even syn. with arahant
■ On brāhmaṇas …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

1. seed, germ, semen, spawn. Used very frequently in figurative sense: see on similes J.P.T.S. 1907, 116
   ■ DN.i.135 (˚bhatta seed-corn food); DN.iii.44 (the five kinds: see below under ˚gāma) …

to move about, to “live and move,” to behave, to be
imper act. cara (Ja.i.152), carā (metri causa, Ja.iii.393); imper. med. carassu (Snp.696), pl. carāmase (= exhortative, Snp.32); -ppr. caranto …

Caṇḍāla¹

a man of a certain low tribe, one of the low classes, an outcaste; grouped with others under nīcā kulā (low born clans) as caṇḍālā nesādā veṇā rathakārā pukkusā at AN.i.107 = AN.i …

1. a coil; a pad of cloth, a pillow Ja.i.53 (dukūla˚); Ja.ii.21 (id.); Vv-a.73
2. a wreath Ja.iii.87. Cp. next.

cp. Prk. cumbhala

…the c proper, called paṃsukūlaṃ c. “the dust-heap robe Vin.v.117 (cp. gahapati)
■ On cīvara in general also on…

adjective noun

1. subduing, taming; converting; one who practises self-control MN.i.446 (assa˚); MN.iii.2 (id.) Ja.i.349 (kula˚ bhikkhu), one who teaches a clan self-mastery Ja.i.505 (go˚, assa˚, h …

adjective given; Ja.iii.221 (kula˚); Ja.iv.146 (id.); nt. a gift DN.i.103 (= dinnaka DN-a.i.271).

der. fr. datta

noun adjective destroying, bringing to ruin, only in kula˚ as variant reading to kula-gandhana (q.v.) at Iti.64, and in dhaṃsanatā at Dhp-a.iii.353 in explⁿ of dhaṃsin (q.v.).

Sk. dharṣana

broken, split, undone, torn, as neg. adiṇṇa unbroken DN.i.115 (so read for ādina-khattiya-kula; variant reading BB. abhinna˚); SN.v.74 (so read for ādīna-mānaso, variant reading BB. adinā & SS ād …

…etc.

• -paṭikkūla averse to pain, avoiding unpleasantness, in combination sukhakāmo d-p. SN.iv.172 (spelt…

…plant; (nt.) [cp. Sk. dukūlaṃ woven silk] very fine cloth, made of the fibre of the d. plant SN.iii.145; AN.iv.393; Ja.ii.21; Ja.iv.219…

1. lit. an outer door, a gate, entrance Vin.i.15; SN.i.58 SN.i.138, SN.i.211; Ja.i.346; Ja.ii.63; Ja.vi.330; Vb.71 sq.; Pv-a.4, Pv-a.67 (village gate), Pv-a.79; Sdhp.54, Sdhp.356
   ■ That d. can …

(young) boy, child, youngster; a young man. f. dārikā girl (see next) Vin.i.83; Ja.i.88 (dārake ca dārikāyo boys & girls); Ja.ii.127; Ja.vi.336; Pv.i.12#7 (= bāla˚ Pv-a.65) Dhp-a …

female servant, a handmaiden a slave-girl Vin.i.217, Vin.i.269, Vin.i.291; Vin.ii.10 (kula˚), Vin.ii.78, Vin.iii.161; MN.i.125; MN.ii.62 (ñāti˚); Pv.ii.3#21 (ghara˚); Pv-a.46, Pv-a.61, Pv-a.65
■ …

adjective noun corrupting, disgracing, one who defiles or defames; a robber, rebel AN.v.71 (bhikkhunī˚); Ja.ii.270; Ja.iv.495; Snp.89 (kula˚ one who spoils the reputation of the clan); Dhp-a.ii.23 (k …

adjective noun masculine one. Eka follows the pron. declension i.e. nom. pl. is eke (e.g. Snp.43, Snp.294, Snp.780 etc.)

1. “one” as number, either with or without contrast to two or more; often al …

the possessor of a house, the head of the household pater familias (freq. + seṭṭhi).

1. In formulas
   1. as regards social standing, wealth & clanship: a man of private (i.e. not official) life, cl …

in kule antimagandhina Ja.iv.34 (expl. by sabbapacchimaka) and gandhana in kula-gandhana Iti.64 see under *kula*˚.

gone, in all meanings of gacchati (q.v.) viz.

1. literal. gone away, arrived at, directed to (c. acc.), opp ṭhita: gate ṭhite nisinne (loc. abs.) when going standing, sitting down (cp. gacchati 1) DN …

1. (m.) a vulture. Classed with kāka, crow & kulala, hawk MN.i.88; (kākā +), MN.i.364 (in simile, with kankā & kulatā), MN.i.429 (do.); Snp.201 (kākā +); Pv-a.198 (+ kulalā). It occurs also in the …

, f.) a cow, an ox, bull, pl. cattle. For f. cp gāvī; see also *gava*˚ for cpds
■ Sg. nom. go (Snp.580 also in composition, cp. aja-go-mahisādi Pv-a.80 = pasū) gen. gavassa (MN.i. …

ancestry, lineage. There is no word in English for gotta. It includes all those descended, or supposed to be descended, from a common ancestor. A gotta name is al …

swelling, pimple, pustule, blight, in cpd. guḷā-guṇṭhika-jāta DN.ii.55, which is also to be read at AN.ii.211 (in spite of Morris, prelim. remarks to AN.ii.4 whose trsln. is otherwise correct) = g …

Guṇa¹

1. a string, a cord-
   1. of a robe, etc., in (kāya-bandhanaṃ) saguṇaṃ katvā to make tight by tying with a knot Vin.i.46 (Vin. Texts: “laying the garments on top of each other,” …

collection of houses, a hamlet (cp. Ger. gemeinde), a habitable place (opp. arañña: gāme vā yadi vâraññe Snp.119), a parish or village having boundaries & distinct from the surrounding country (gāmo c …

an elephant Vin.i.218, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.194 sq (Nālāgiri) = Ja.v.335 (nom. sg. hatthī; gen. hatthissa) DN.i.5; AN.ii.209; Ja.i.358; Ja.ii.102; Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hat …

woman Vin.iii.16; DN.ii.14; Ja.i.336; Vv.18#7; Sdhp.79. As adj. itthika in bahutthika having many women, plentiful in women Vin.ii.256 (kulāni bahuttikāni appapurisakāni rich in women & lacking in …

adjective of (good) birth, excellent, noble, charming, beautiful MN.i.30 (jaññajañña, cp. MN.i.528); Ja.ii.417 (= manāpa sādhu). a˚; Ja.ii.436.

= janya, cp. jātya; see kula & koleyyaka

■ Instr. jātiyā (Snp.423) & jaccā (DN.ii.8; Ja.iii.395; Dhp.393); abl. jātiyā (SN.i.88) & jātito (by descent: DN.ii.8); loc. jātiyaṃ (Pv-a.10) & jātiyā (Pv-a.78).

1. birth, rebirth, possibility of …

adjective of good birth, having natural or genuine qualities, noble, excellent Snp.420 (vaṇṇārohena sampanno jātimā viya khattiyo); Ja.i.342 (jātimanta-kulaputtā). Of a precious stone: maṇi veḷuriyo …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

1. doing, acting, working; work, business, occupation profession. paṭicchanna˚ of secret acting Snp.127 Vb.357; as being punished in Niraya AN.i.60; SN.iv.180 as occupation esp. in pl. kammantā: SN.v. …

smith, a worker in metals generally DN.ii.126, AN.v.263; a silversmith Snp.962; Dhp.239; Ja.i.223; a goldsmith Ja.iii.281; Ja.v.282. The smiths in old India do not seem to be divided into black-, gol …

Name of a plant with white flowers Ja.iv.442
■ makuḷa knob (?) of k. plant Vism.253 (as in description of sinews).

kaṇṇikāra Ja.iv.440; Ja.v.420; the difference stated at Ja.v.422 is kaṇi˚ = mahāpupphā kaṇṇi˚ = khuddakapupphā)

1. (m.) the tree Pterospermum acerifolium Ja.i.40; Ja.v.295; Ja. …

…in phrase dhenusahassāni dukūla-sandanāni (?) kaṃsūpadhāraṇām DN.ii.192; AN.iv.393; Ja.vi.503 (explained at Ja.vi.504). Kern (

…

nom. also khattiyāse Ja.iii.441. A shortened form is khatya Ja.vi.397
■ f. khattiyā AN.iii.226–⁠AN.iii.229, khattī DN.i.193, and khattiyī. A member of one of the clans or tribes recognised as of Ary …

worm, vermin: setā kimī kaṇhasīsā AN.iii.241; Mil.272; DN-a.i.199
■ As animal of death and putrefaction MN.i.507; Ja.i.146; Snp.201; esp with ref. to the punishment of Petas: Pv.i.3#1; Thig.439; Pv …

at AN.i.38 is composition form of kulaputta, and is to be combined with the foll
■ vaṇṇa-pokkharatā i.e. light colour as becoming a man of good family. Kern

Toevoegselen

…

adjective born of (good) family (cp. kulaja); as-˚, belonging to the family of… DN.i.89; DN-a.i.252; Mil.256
■ khīṇa-kolañña (adj.) one who has come down in the world Vin.i.86.

fr. kula

going from kula to kula (clan to clan) in saṃsāra: AN.i.233 = Pp.16; SN.v.205; Ne.189 cp. AN.iv.381; AN.v.120.

der. fr. kula

adjective of the fruit of the jujube tree Ja.iii.22, but wrongly explained as kula-dattika ph. = given by a man of (good) family.

fr. kola

…Vv-a.169; in def. of kukkucca Vism.470; in def. of paṃsu-kūla Vism.60.

Sk. kutsita, pp. of kutsāy

…Mvu.iii.455. The classical Sk. form is kukūla

vulture, hawk, falcon, either in combination with kāka or gijjha, or both. Kāka + k˚ Vin.iv.40; Snp.675 (= Snp-a.250); gijjha + k˚ Pv-a.198; gijjhā kākā k Vin.iii.106; kākā k˚ gi …

kind of vetch MN.i.245 (˚yūsa): Mil.267; Vism.256 (˚yūsa).

pādaka “buttresses of timber” (Vin. Texts iii.174) Vin.ii.152 (cp. Bdhgh. p. 321 and also Morris J.P.T.S. 1884, 78).

adjective belonging to a family, in agga˚; coming from a very good family Pv-a.199.

fr. kula

Kulla¹

a raft (of basket-work) (orig. meaning “hollow shaft,” cp. Sk. kulya, bone; Lat. caulis stalk, Gr.καυλός, Ohg. hol, E. hollow) Vin.i.230; DN.ii.89 (kullaṃ bandhati); MN.i.134 (kull …

potter; only in -cakka a potter’s wheel Ja.i.63; -bhājana a potter’s vessel Dhp-a.i.316; Pv-a.274.

1. waste (?) Vin.ii.292: na kulāvaṃ gamenti “don’t let anything go to waste.” Reading doubtful.
2. a cert. bird Ja.vi.538.

nest DN.i.91 (= DN-a.i.257 nivāsaṭṭhanaṃ); SN.i.8; SN.i.224 = Ja.i.203 (a brood of birds = supaṇṇapotakā); Ja.iii.74 (variant reading BB), Ja.iii.431; Ja.vi.344; Dhp-a.ii.22.

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

kind of flower Ja.vi.218 (C: mantālakamakula).

?

Kubbati²

etc. see karoti ii.

kind of antelope, in -miga the antelope deer Ja.i.173 (k˚-jatāka); Ja.ii.153 (do.).

deriv. unknown. The corresponding Sk. forms are kulunga and kulanga

adjective

1. (adj.) clever, skilful, expert; good, right, meritorious MN.i.226; Dhp.44; Ja.i.222 Esp. appl. in moral sense (= puñña), whereas akusala is practically equivalent to pāpa. ekam pi ce pāṇ …

(variant reading S. kū˚; B. kulāvaka) a nest Ja.iii.74; variant reading at Dhp-a.ii.23 (for kuṭikā).

the crow; freq. in similes: SN.i.124; Snp.448; Ja.i.164. Its thievish ways are described at Dhp-a.iii.352; said to have ten bad qualities AN.v.149; Ja.i.342; Ja.iii.126; kākā vā kulalā vā Vin.iv.40 …

making ashamed, putting to shame, disgracing Ja.v.284 (kula bringing disgrace on the clan).

fr. lajjāpeti, Caus. ii. of lajjati

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

1. crushing etc.; kneading, paste, in piṭṭha paste of flower Vin.ii.151; Ja.iii.226 (piṭṭhi˚).
2. [dialectical, cp. Sk. madra] Name of a country & its inhabitants, in -raṭṭha Sn …

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

1. a bud (Hardy in Index to Vv-a gives “Mimusops elengi” after BR) Thig.260; Vv.45#26; Ja.i.273; Ja.ii.33; Ja.iv.333; Ja.v.207 (makuḷa), Ja.v.416 Vism.230 (ḷ); Vism.256 (paduma˚); Vv-a.177 (kaṇavī …

1. a bowl, a vessel (?) used in bathing Vin.ii.106 (mallakena nahāyati; or is it a kind of scrubber? Bdhgh’s explⁿ of this passage (CV v. i.4) on p. 315 is not quite clear mallakaṃ nāma *ma …

Arabian jasmine Dhp.54 (tagara˚) Ja.i.62; Ja.iii.291; Ja.v.420; Mil.333, Mil.338; Dhs-a.14; Kp-a.44. mallika-makula opening bud of the jasmine Vism.251 = Vb-a.234 (˚saṇṭhāna, in descr, of shape …

…Vb.425; Vism.241 (paṭikūla˚) Vb-a.148 (ayoniso), Vb-a.248 sq. (as regards the 32 ākāras), Vb-a.251 (paṭikkūla˚), Vb-a.255…

…Vb.425; Vism.241 (paṭikūla˚) Vb-a.148 (ayoniso), Vb-a.248 sq. (as regards the 32 ākāras), Vb-a.251 (paṭikkūla˚), Vb-a.255…

(& -ṇa) an insect, bug or flea Ja.i.10; Ja.iii.423; Vism.109 (where kīla-mankula ought to be read as kīṭamankuna); Dhp-a.ii.12.

cp. late Sk. matkuṇa, see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 6#3

…Pv-a.144 in passage paṃsukūlaṃ dhovitv-âbhisiñcimillikañ ca katvā adāsi is to be read either as “abhisiñci cimillikañ ca k.” or…

bud; see makula (where also see mukulita)
■ Abhp.811, Abhp.1116.

cp. Sk. mukula

Mutta¹

1. released, set free, freed; as-˚ free from Snp.687 (abbhā˚ free from the stain of a cloud); Dhp.172 (id.), Dhp.382 (id.)
   ■ Dhp.344; Pv.iv.1#34; Pv-a.65 (su˚).
2. given up or …

…-kūla the bank of a river Cp.iii.7#1;

• -tīra = ˚kūla Ja.i.278;
• -dugga a…

mungoose, Viverra Ichneumon AN.v.289 sq.; Ja.ii.53; Ja.vi.538; Mil.118, Mil.394.

Ved. nakula, cp. nakra crocodile

hunter; also a low caste Vin.iv.7 (+ veṇa & rathakāra); SN.i.93 (˚kula); AN.i.107; AN.ii.85; Ja.ii.36 Ja.iii.330; Ja.iv.397, Ja.iv.413; Ja.v.110, Ja.v.337; Ja.vi.71; Pp.51 (˚kula) Mil.311; Dhp-a.iii …

adjective unconfused, clear, calm, undisturbed Ja.i.17 (v. 94).

nis + ākula

…paṃsukūla-cīvaraṃ, rukkhamūla-senāsanaṃ, pūtimuttabhesajjaṃ); Vin.ii.274, Vin.ii.278; DN.iii.137, DN.iii.141;…

adjective low, inferior, humble (opp. ucca high, fr. adv. ud˚) Vin.i.46, Vin.i.47; Vin.ii.194; DN.i.109, DN.i.179 DN.i.194; AN.v.82; Snp-a.424 (nīcaṃ karoti to degrade); passim.

*\ …

indication, location, range, district; region, spot, place SN.ii.227, SN.ii.254 SN.v.201; AN.ii.167 (cattāro mahā˚); Dhp.127 (jagati˚), Dhp.303; Ja.ii.3, Ja.ii.158 (himavanta˚); Ja.iii.25 (id.), Ja.ii …

see pākula.

? an inner verandah Vin.ii.153; cp. Vin. Texts iii.175
■ Kern.

Toevoegselen

s. v. explained it as miswriting for pakuṭṭha (= Sk. prakoṣṭha an inner court in a building, Prk. paoṭṭha, cp. P. …

obstruction, hindrance, obstacle, impediment, drawback Ja.i.148; Ja.iii.241 (a non-obstruction), Ja.iii.381 (id.); Ne.80; also in var. phrases viz. kāma˚ Cnd.374 (+ kāmapariḷāha); kula˚ cīvara Cnd.6 …

Palāpa¹

chaff of corn, pollard AN.iv.169 (yava˚); Ja.i.467, Ja.i.468; Ja.iv.34; Snp-a.165 (in exegesis of palāpa² variant reading BB palāsa), Snp-a.312 (id.); Ja.iv.34, Ja.iv. …

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

worn out, gone down, decayed, reduced Ja.i.111 (seṭṭhi-kulaṃ p.); Ja.v.99, Ja.v.100 (bhoga˚); Ja.vi.364; Dhp.148; Dhp-a.ii.272 (˚kula).

pp. of pari + jar, i.e. decayed; Kern

Toevoegselen

s. …

Pati¹

lord, master, owner, leader.

1. in general DN.iii.93 (khettānaṃ p. gloss adhipati). Mostly-˚; see under gavam˚, gaha˚, dāna˚, yūtha˚, senā˚.
2. husband SN.i.210; Snp.314; Ja.iii.13 …

1. a braid of hair, i.e. the hair twisted & unadorned AN.iii.56
2. a mat, cover DN.i.7 ≈ (see *ajina*˚).
3. custom, usage, wont, tradition Ja.i.89 Ja.ii.353; Ja.v.285; Ja.vi.380 (kula …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

…Mvu.iii.450.

-kūla rags from a dust heap (cp. Vin. Texts ii.156; Vin.i.58; MN.i.78; SN.ii.202; AN.i.240,…

adjective dusty; (m.) a dusty robe Kp-a.171 (variant reading paṃsukūla).

Epic Sk. pāṃśuka; Ved. pāṃsura

only in cpd. paṅgacīra (nt.) at DN.i.6 “blowing through toy pipes made of leaves” (Dial. i.10, where is cpd. Sinhalese pat-kulal and Marathī pungī after Morris J.P.T.S. 1889, 205). Bdhgh explai …

…˚kosati (re-ject), ˚kūla, ˚khipati (re-fuse, op-pose), ˚gha, ˚codeti (re-prove), thambhati ˚disā, ˚deseti, ˚pakkha, ˚patha,…

…disagreeable Vin.i.58 (˚kūla) DN.iii.112, DN.iii.113; MN.i.341 (dukkha˚); SN.iv.172 (id.) Ja.i.393; Vv-a.92 (K.); Pv-a.77; Vb-a.250 sq …

…better to write…

disgustiveness Vism.343 sq.

fr. paṭikkūla

adjective

1. ancient, former, of old (cp. purāṇa 1) Ja.iii.16 (˚paṇḍitā); Pv-a.93 (id.), Pv-a.99 (id.); Dhp-a.i.346 (kula-santaka).
2. old, worn, much used (cp. purāṇa 2) Ja.iv.471 (magga).

fr. porāṇa

Name of a (Non-Aryan) tribe, hence designation of a low social class, the members of which are said (in the Jātakas) to earn their living by means of refuseclearing On the subject see Fick, *Sociale …

adjective read at Ud.5 in combination akkulapakkula (= ākula-pākula) “in great confusion”; read also in gāthā 7 pākula for bakkula. Cp. Morris J.P.T.S. 1886, 94 sq.

pa + ākula

loathsomeness, objectionableness AN.iii.32; AN.iv.47 sq.; AN.v.64. Cp. paṭikulyatā paṭikūlatā & pāṭikulyā.

abstr. fr. paṭikkūla

adjective noun

1. (adj.) filling Snp.312 (? better read purāṇa with Snp-a.324); Pv-a.70 (eka-thālaka˚), Pv-a.77 (id.). As Np. in Pūraṇa Kassapa, which however seems to be distorted from Purāṇa K. …

…ālopa-bhojana, paṃsukūla-cīvara, r - m. s., pūti-mutta bhesajja), Vin.i.96 (id.) AN.iv.231. -mūlika (a) one…

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

kind of fish Ja.v.405.

cp. Epic Sk. śakula

bird (esp. with ref. to augury) DN.i.71 (pakkhin +); Vin.iii.147; SN.i.197; AN.ii.209 AN.iii.241 sq., AN.iii.368; Ja.ii.111, Ja.ii.162 (Kandagala); Kp-a.241 pantha˚; see under *[pantha](/define/pa …

connection, tie DN.ii.296 = MN.i.58; Snp-a.108, Snp-a.166, Snp-a.249, Snp-a.273, Snp-a.343, Snp-a.516. ˚-kula related family Ja.iii.362; a-sambandha (adj.) incompatible (C. on asaññuta Ja.iii. …

adjective

1. filled, crowded B ii.4 = Ja.i.3; Mil.331, Mil.342.
2. crowded together Vin.ii.117
3. confused, jumbled together Ja.v.302.

saṃ + ākula

the plantain, and its flower Ja.iv.440 (= kadali- puppha C.; so read for kandala˚); and perhaps at Thig.260 for pattali (q.v.), which is explained as kadali …

…maraṇa-, āhāre paṭikkūla-, sabbaloke anabhirata-, anicca-, anicce dukkha-, dukkhe anatta-pahāna-, virāga-, nirodha-saññā…

adjective crowded, full Sdhp.603.

saṃ + kula

the great-flowered jasmine Ja.i.62; Ja.iv.455; Dhp-a.iv.12. In composition sumana˚.

• -dāma a wreath of jasmine Ja.iv.455.
• -paṭṭa cloth with jasmine patte …

thread, a string, a loom Ja.i.356 (˚vitata-ṭṭhāna the place of weaving); Dhp-a.i.424. At Ja.iv.484 tanta is to be corrected to tata (stretched out).

• -ākula tangled string, a t …

(lit.) drought, thirst; (fig.) craving, hunger for, excitement the fever of unsatisfied longing (c. loc.: kabaḷinkāre āhāre “thirst” for solid food SN.ii.101 sq.; cīvare piṇḍapāte taṇhā = greed for Sn …

…at Snp.30 (Snp-a.42 = ukkūla) Dhp.98; Iti.66 = SN.i.100 (megho thalaṃ ninnañ ca pūreti) Pv-a.29 (= unnatapadesa). As dry land, terra…

adverb so much, so long; usually correl. with yāva how long, how much; in all meanings to be understood out of elliptical application of this correlation Thus

I

*yāva-tāva …

˚- adverb high (lit. & fig.), raised, in foll. compounds.

• -kaṇerukā a tall female elephant MN.i.178.
• -kāḷārikā id. MN.i.178 (variant reading ˚kaḷārikā to be preferred).
• *-[kula](/define …

…erect (opp. ava˚); ˚kūla sloping up (opp. vi˚); ˚khipati throw-up, ˚gaṇhāti take up; ˚chindati cut up; ˚javati go up-stream,…

adjective sloping up, steep, high (opp. vikkūla) AN.i.35 sq.; Vism.153 (nadi); Snp-a.42. Cp. utkūlanikūla-sama Lal.340.

ud + kūla

…be = gacchati to go Vism.60 (in definition of paṃsu-kūla; paṃsu viya kucchita-bhāvaṃ ulatī ti paṃsu-kūlaṃ).

breaking or cutting off, destruction, stoppage, interruption MN.i.245, MN.i.327 (pāṇ murder); Ja.i.67; Mil.134 (paveṇ˚ break of tradition Pv-a.82 (kulavaṃs˚); Dhp-a.i.152 (āhār ˚ṃ karoti to prevent …

to break up or off, to destroy, interrupt, to stop Snp.972 (pot. ˚chinde); Ja.iv.127; Mnd.502; Thag-a.267; Pv-a.31 (kulavaṃso upacchijji aor. pass.); Vism.164, Vism.676 (bhavangaṃ).

upa + chindati

embankment, a river’s bank, riverside Ja.vi.26 (rukkh’ûpakūlaje the trees sprung up at its bank).

upa + kūla

servitor, personal attendant, servant, “famulus” Ānanda was the last u. of Gotama Buddha (see DN.i.206 Thag.1041 f.; Thag-a in Brethren loc. cit.; Vin.i.179 (Sāgato u.), Vin.i.194; Vin.ii.186; Vin. …

adjective noun hot, as adj only in phrase uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ chaḍḍeti to spill hot blood, i.e. to kill oneself Dhp-a.i.95; otherwise in compounds abs. only as nt. “heat” & always in contrast to sītaṃ “c …

increase, furthering Ja.iii.422 (kula˚); Sdhp.247 (pīti˚), Sdhp.307 (id.).

fr. vṛdh; see the usual vaḍḍhana

tree (Mimusops elengi) Ja.v.420.

cp. *Sk. vakula

adjective

1. increasing, augmenting, fostering; increase, enlargement prolongation MN.i.518 (hāyana˚ decrease increase); Ja.iii.422 (kula˚, spelling ddh); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.73 (āyussa); Dhs-a.406; Pv-a …

at Ja.vi.90 is not clear (in phrase jaṭaṃ vaḷīnaṃ pankagataṃ). The C. reads valinaṃ, paraphrased by ākulaṃ. Fausböll suggests malinaṃ. Should we accept reading valinaṃ? It would then be acc. sg. of …

difference, distinction, discrepancy, disproportion(ateness) MN.i.453 MN.i.494; SN.ii.21; SN.iii.101; SN.v.200; AN.iii.410 sq.; Snp.p.102 (puggala˚); Ne.4, Ne.72 sq., Ne.107 sq.; Mil.284, Mil.285. The …

1. a worker in bamboo Pv-a.175.
2. a member of a low & despised class (cp. pukkusa) Vin.iv.6; SN.i.93 (˚kula); AN.ii.85 (id.); AN.iii.385 Pp.51; f. veṇī Ja.v.306 (= tacchikā C.); Pv …

indeclinable

I.

1. inseparable prefix of separation and expansion, in original meaning of “asunder,” semantically closely related to Lat. dis- & Ger ver-. Often as base-prefix in var mean …

-ā (f.) miraculous transformation, change; assuming a diff. form by supernatural power; miracle Thag.1183; Pts.ii.174, Pts.ii.210 Dpvs.viii.6 (˚esu kovida); Mhvs.19, Mhvs.19; Mil.343 Vism.309, Vism …

Vikulāva(ka)

adjective having no nest, without a nest SN.i.224 (ka); Ja.i.203.

vi + kulāva

Vikulāva(ka)

adjective having no nest, without a nest SN.i.224 (ka); Ja.i.203.

vi + kulāva

…expect ni˚; for vi˚; as in BSk. (see ukkūla).

vi + kūla

adjective contrary, disgusting Thig.467 (= paṭikūla Thag-a.284).

fr. vikūla

looking, reflection, investigation, prognostication usually as 5 objects of reflection as to when & where & how one shall be reborn (pañca-mahā-˚āni), consisting in kāla, desa, dīpa, kula, mātā (t …

adjective contrary, antagonistic Dhs.1325 = Pp.20.

vi + paṭikkūla

adjective perplexed Ja.i.301; Pv-a.160; Vv-a.30; Sdhp.403.

vi + ākula

lit. “yoking, or being yoked,” i.e. connection bond, means; fig. application, endeavour, device

1. yoke, yoking (rare?) Ja.vi.206 (meant here the yoke of the churning-sticks; cp. Ja.vi.209).
2. conn …

1. juice Vin.i.206 (akaṭa˚ natural juice); Mhvs.28, Mhvs.26; Vv-a.185 (badara˚ of the jujube); Vism.195 (seda sweaty fluid).
2. soup, broth. Four kinds of broths are enumerated at MN.i.245, viz. *mug …

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

teacher (almost syn. with upajjhāya) Vin.i.60, Vin.i.61, Vin.i.119 (˚upajjhāya); Vin.ii.231; Vin.iv.130 (gaṇo vā ācariyo a meeting of the bhikkhus or a single teacher cp. f. āca …

only at DN.i.115 (T. reading ādīna, but variant reading S id. ādina, B p. abhinna) in phrase ādina-khattiya-kula primordial See note in Dial. i.148.

adjective entangled, confused, upset, twisted, bewildered Ja.i.123 (salākaggaṃ ˚ṃ karoti to upset or disturb); Vv.84#9 (andha˚); Pv-a.287 (an˚ clear). Often reduplicated as ākulākula thoroughly con …

adjective entangled DN.ii.55 (tant˚ for the usual tantākula, as given under guḷā).

fr. ākula

adjective in an˚; not to be confounded or upset Pv-a.118.

grd. of ā + *kulāyati, Denom. of kula

(-puppha) at Kp-a.60 (milāta˚) read (according to Index p. 870) as milāta-bakula-puppha. Vism.260 (id. p. however reads ākulī-puppha “tangle-flower” (?), cp. Ud.5 gāthā 7 bakkula, which is prefe …

to be hoarse Mil.152 (kaṇṭho ākurati).

onomat. to sound-root *kur = *kor as in Lat. cornix, corvus etc. See gala note 2 B and cp. kukkuṭa kokila, khaṭa etc., all words expressing a rasping noise …

1. setting up, placing, founding; establishment, arrangement, position Vin.v.114; Ja.i.99 (aggha fixing prices); Mil.352 (pāda˚); DN-a.i.294; (= vidhārite); Pv-a.5 (kulavaṃsa˚).
2. letting alone, om …