indeed, truly; really; so they say; as I have heard; so it seems, apparently (very often at the beginning of a narrative).

…or “I have heard”: kirasaddo anussavane: “kira refers to a report by hearsay” Pv-a.103; kira-saddo anussav’atthe Ja.i.158;…

parrot Abhp.640 (cp. cirīṭi).

cp. Sk. kīra

DaṇḍakīraññaDandakārañña

The forest which overgrew Kaliṅga when it was laid waste through the wickedness of King Dandakī. MN.i.378

Kaliṅga3forest

…him and to the monks, asked Kirapatika for money to provide the alms; Kirapatika gladly gave him much money and the Buddha and the monks were…

sprinkles; besprinkles; scatters up over.

3. sg. scatter over; to sprinkle

abhikīrati¹

pr. 3. sg. scatter over; to sprinkle

abhikīrati²

pass. pr. 3. sg. is scattered, is dispersed

scatters over, strews over, covers (completely).

bestrews; scatters down on.

hearsay, tradition

is done.

ours out or down upon or into (loc.); scatters (upon, loc.); bestrews, covers (with, instr.).

pot on firestones?

with a ditch dug (round).

(~antī)n.

sprinkles, scatters over; pours (into, loc), heaps up (in); dispenses.

…abbhuk˚). Cp. abbhukkirati & abbhokkiraṇa; pp. abbhokiṇṇa see under…

see abbokiṇṇa.

pp. of abbhokirati

in naṭānaṃ a. “turnings of dancers” DN-a.i.84 in explⁿ of sobha-nagarakaṃ of DN.i.6.

fr. abbhokirati

…“roll along”); Ja.v.390; Pv-a.75. Cp. abbhokkirati.

abhi + ud + kirati

…out, pulling, in daṇḍa-sattha˚ drawing a stick or sword Cnd.576#4 (cp abbhokkiraṇa). Or is it abbhuttīraṇa (cp. uttiṇṇa…

Abhi-

I. Meaning

1. The primary meaning of abhi is that of taking possession and mastering, as contained in E. coming by and over-coming, thus literally having the function of facing …

…= viddhaṃseti vikirati Dhp-a.i.255 variant reading atikirati); Ja.iv.121 (˚kīrati; dīpaṃ = viddhaṃseti C.), Ja.vi.541 (nandiyo…

…See also avatiṇṇa.

pp. of abhikirati

…sarīraṃ okiranti ajjhokiranti a.); Vv-a.38 (for abbhokirati Vv.5#9). pp. abhippakiṇṇa (q.v.).

abhi +…

completely strewn (with) Ja.i.62.

pp. of abhippakirati

strewn with, beset with, dotted all over Pv.iv.12#1 (bhamara-gaṇa˚).

pp. of anu + kirati

…(with ref. to part. kira = annussav’atthe nipāto; so also at Vv-a.322, cf. anussavana); ii.396, 430 (id.); iv.441;…

…apakanti, ˚kassati, ˚kirati, ˚gata, ˚cāra ˚jhāyati, ˚thaṭa, ˚dāna, ˚dhāreti, ˚nata, ˚nāmeti, ˚nīta ˚lekhana, ˚loketi,…

…The correct etym = Sk. avakirati (ava + kṛ² to strew, cast out) in sense “to cast off, reject”, to which also belongs kirāta…

…(= brāhmaṇa-gaṇā, te kira tāda ariyâcārā ahesuṃ tena te evam āha C.)

• -garahin casting blame on the righteous…

… ■ down, out, over: ˚kirati pour down or out over; ˚khitta thrown down; ˚gacchati go down; ˚gāheti dip down; ˚tarati descend; ˚patita…

…(q.v.)
■ See also avākaroti & cp. avakirati 2.

Sk. apakaroti, cp. P. apa˚

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor….

to be cast out or thrown away; rejectable, low, contemptible Ja.v.143 (taken by C. as ger. = avakiritvā).

grd of avakirati

wrong by Hardy Vv-a Index for avakirati (q.v.).

…Vin.i.240 (amhākaṃ kira bhaṇe vijite Bhaddiya-nagare), Vin.i.241 (gaccha bhaṇe jānāhi…) Mil.21 (atthi bhaṇe añño koci…

…Dhp.313 (bh. rajan ākirate), Dhp.349 (bh. taṇhā pavaḍḍhati). 2. (adv.) in a higher degree, more, repeatedly, further SN.i.108…

speech, language, esp. vernacular, dialect Ja.iv.279 (manussa˚ human speech), Ja.iv.392 (caṇḍāla˚); Kp-a.101 (saka-saka˚-anurūpa); Snp-a.397 (Milakkha˚); DN-a.i.176 (Kirātā-Yavanâdi-Millakkhāna …

parrot Ja.v.202 (in compound cirīti˚).

Sk. ciri, cp. kīra

…daṇḍa-sattha-abbhukkirana & daṇḍa-sattha-abhinipātana Cnd.576⁴. Cp. paṭidaṇḍa retribution Dhp.133. 5. (fig.) a…

…katvā)- dhaññaṃ ākirati to besprinkle a person with grain (for good luck) Pv.iii.5#4 (= mangalaṃ karoti Pv-a.198 see also…

…caturangulādhikāni kira tassa lomāni) DN.i.7≈; SN.iii.144; Ja.v.506; Pv.ii.12#8 Thig.378 (+ tūlika); Thag-a.253 (=…

…almost syn. (for with kira 3. just (this), even so, only: idam-atthika just sufficient, proper, right Thag.984 (cīvara); Pp.69 (read so…

…almost syn. (for with kira 3. just (this), even so, only: idam-atthika just sufficient, proper, right Thag.984 (cīvara); Pp.69 (read so…

…Ja.i.203; Ja.ii.2. -iti kira thus now, perhaps, I should say DN.i.228, DN.i.229, DN.i.240. -iti kho thus, therefore DN.i.98, DN.i.103…

…atthami); Vv-a.319 (ito kira tiṃsa-kappa-sahasse); Pv-a.19 (dvā navuti kappe 92 kappas ago), Pv-a.21 (id.), Pv-a.78 (pañcamāya…

…presents no difficulty.] ye kira bho pāpakāni k˚-āni karonti te diṭṭh’ eva dhamme evarūpā vividhā k-kāraṇā karīyanti, kim anga…

v. irreg. Of the endless variety of forms given by grammarians only the foll. are bona fide and borne out by passages from our texts (when bracketed found in gram. works only).

I. Act

1. I …

adjective deceitful, false, hypocritic Ja.i.461 (explained by biḷāra); Ja.iv.220; Ja.iv.223 (= kirāsa) MN-a.152; Dhp-a.iii.389 (= saṭha)
■ a˚ honest, frank Ja.v.117 (= akitava, ajūtakara).

fr. kirāṭa

…in narration: then, now (cp kira); in question: then, perhaps, really. Def. as adhikār’ antara-nidassan’ atthe nipāto Kp-a.113 as…

adjective

1. humpbacked Ja.v.426 (+ piṭhasappī); DN-a.i.148 (in combination with vāmana kirāta); f. Dhp-a.i.194, Dhp-a.i.226.
2. small, inferior, in kh˚-rājā a smaller, subordinate king Sdhp.453 …

…or “I have heard”: kirasaddo anussavane: “kira refers to a report by hearsay” Pv-a.103; kira-saddo anussav’atthe Ja.i.158;…

…explⁿ of okilinī see under okiraṇa.

pp. of kilijjati

to scatter, strew; not found in simples, only in compounds apa˚, abbhuk˚, abhi˚, ava˚ (o˚), pari˚, vi˚ See also pp., kiṇṇa².

kīr

…& kittima. 2. [fr. kṛ; kirati to scatter, cp. pp. kiṇṇa] scattering, effusion (of sun rays), effulgence Vv-a.169, Vv-a.199.

fr. kṛ;…

to be affected or moved Vism.318. Kiriya, Kiriya & Kriya

Pass. of kirati or karoti

adjective false, fraudulent Ja.iv.223 (= kerāṭika).

a by-form of kirāṭa

…Cp. also apakiritūna & okirati², okiraṇa
■ A secondary meaning of kirāṭa is that of a fraudulent merchant, a cheat (see…

…Cp. also apakiritūna & okirati², okiraṇa
■ A secondary meaning of kirāṭa is that of a fraudulent merchant, a cheat (see…

…Vin.ii.174. Kitava & kitava

pp. of kṛ; with i for a, cp. kiraṇa for karaṇa. The Dhtp. explained by nivāsane

…see also *appa*˚.

pp. of kirati

…at DN-a.i.139 as: tadā kira kumudāni supupphitāni honti) or in phrase komudiyā puṇṇamāya Dhp-a.iii.461.

fr. kumuda the white…

adjective “strewn down into,” hidden away, sheltered Ja.iii.529.

Sk. *nikīrṇa, pp. ni + kirati, cp. kiraṇa

…Com.).

Sk. niṣkīrṇa, nis + kiṇṇa, see kiraṇa

see okiraṇa.

…reject, throw out: see okiraṇa.

pp okiṇṇa (q.v.)
caus 2…

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor….

…(in play of words with avakirati¹). Bdhgh’s allegorical expl^n. at Vin.iii.273 puts okilinī = kilinnasarīrā, okiriṇī…

…Ja.v.370; Pv-a.86, Pv-a.189 (= otata of Pv.iii.3#3).

pp. of okirati; BSk. avakīrṇa Divy.282; Jtm.31#92

…Ja.vi.100 (read pakira-cārī, cp. C. on p. 102), Ja.vi.198 (read p- parī)
caus pakireti

1. to throw down, upset Vin.iv.308…

…book of the Jātakas.

pa + kiṇṇa (pp. of kirati) + ka

(param˚) adverb further, away (from); as prep. (w. abl.) after, beyond; absolute only in phrase ito paraṃ from here, after this, further, e.g. Kp-a.131; Snp-a.160, Snp-a.178, Snp …

…(q.v.).

pari + kirati

…& Divy.16. See under parikkhā.

fr. pari + kirati

…parikkhiṇṇa). Cp. sampari˚.

pp. of parikirati

…ratna˚ etc. with which cp. P. vatthu-parikirana

scattered Thig.391 (reading doubtful).

pp. of pari + pakkirati

to strew about, to sprawl Pv.iv.10#8 (uttānā paṭikirāma = vikirīyamān’angā viya vattāma Pv-a.271).

paṭi + kirati

…reading punanti perhaps better; C. explains by vidhunati & okirati). Perhaps we should read; dhunati.

?

1. basket Vin.i.225 (ghaṭa p. ucchanga), Vin.i.240 (catudoṇika p.); Pv.iv.3#33; Vism.28 (piṭake nikkhitta-loṇa-maccha-phāla-sadisaṃ phaṇaṃ); dhañña˚ a grain-basket Dhp-a.iii.370; vīhi˚; a ri …

…= attano sīse angāre p. okirati C. so read with variant reading for phunati T.); DN-a.i.268 (bhusaṃ pumanto viya like sifting the chaff,…

…Snp.334, Snp.665 (rajaṃ ākirasi, metaph.), Snp.974 (pañca rajāni loke, viz. the excitement caused by the 5 bāhirāni āyatanāni Mnd.505 Also…

…certainly Mil.120; saccaṃ kira is it really true? DN.i.113; Vin.i.45, Vin.i.60; Ja.i.107; saccato truly SN.iii.112
■ (nt. as noun)…

…Ja.vi.198 (C. = abhisiñcati), Ja.vi.205 (C. attano upari sajati [i.e. sajati¹] abbhukkirati). On C. readings cp. Kern, Toev…

to sprinkle Bv.ii.178 = Ja.i.27. - pp. samokiṇṇa.

saṃ + okirati

besprinkled, covered (with) Ja.i.233.

pp. of samokirati

…the P.; in exegesis of iti-kira (hearsay) AN.i.189 = AN.ii.191 = Cnd.151; and of itihītiha MN.i.520 = MN.ii.169.

fr. saṃ + pad, cp. BSk….

to mix together; Pass. saṅkīyati (q.v.); pp. saṅkiṇṇa.

saṃ + kirati

…DN-a.i.96; cp Dial. i.23.

fr. saṃ + kirati

…hoti. dubbhikkha-samaye kira acela-kāsāvakā acelakānaṃ atthāya tato tato taṇḍul’ādīni samādapetvā bhattaṃ pacanti…

…MN.i.139; AN.iii.84; Cnd.p.161.

pp. of sankirati

to become confused or impure SN.iii.71; AN.ii.29; AN.iv.246.

Pass. of sankirati, saṃ + kīr; Sk. ˚kīryate → *kiyyati → P. ˚kīyati

…Ja.i.203; Ja.ii.2. -iti kira thus now, perhaps, I should say DN.i.228, DN.i.229, DN.i.240. -iti kho thus, therefore DN.i.98, DN.i.103…

…opīḷ˚; etc., & cp. abbhokirati → abbhukkirati 2. the most freq. comb^ns. that ud˚ enters into are those with the intensifying…

strewn over with (-˚), covered Vv.35#1 (rucak˚, so read for rājak˚; explained by okiṇṇa Vv-a.160).

pp. of upakirati

…devatā Pv-a.17).

• -parikiraṇa offerings over the site of a house (“consecrating sites” translation) DN.i.12 (cp…

…˚kāseti open out, ˚kirati scatter about, ˚kūjati sing out (= *upa-*nadati C), ˚carati move about (= ā-hiṇḍati), ˚churita…

…e.g. DN.i.76; MN.i.500; AN.iv.386; Ja.i.146 [cp. Divy.180: śatanapatana-vikiraṇa-vidhvaṃsana-dharmatā; see also…

…DN-a.i.265; Mnd.5 (vikirati vidhameti viddhaṃseti: see also under vikirati)
pp viddhasta & viddhaṃsita. Pass. viddhaṃsīyati to…

…Mil.337 (intrs., with vikirati & viddhaṃsati) 2. vidhameti: Mnd.5; Ja.iii.261 (poet. vidhamemasi [write ˚se!] =…

…s. v. One may take it to vikirati, q.v.)
pp vikaṭa & vikata; See also vikubbati, etc.

vi +…

…may be taken either to vikirati or vikaroti (cp. kiriyati) Dhs-a.19 (suttena sangahitāni pupphāni…

…form) = Divy.299 (reading cyavanapatana˚) = Lal.242. See also SN.iii.190 (under vikirati). 2. (adj.) scattering, spending, squandering f. ˚ī…

…Ja.v.77 (= patthaṭavacana C.).

pp. of vikirati

refusal, denial Vb-a.493 (see vikiraṇa 1).

cp. BSk. viksepa refusal Avs.i.94

1. to strew all over Pv-a.92.
2. to confound, destroy Ja.ii.398

pp vippakiṇṇa.

vi + pakirati

strewn all over, beset with, sprinkled (with) Ja.ii.240; Ja.vi.42; Dhp-a.i.140; DN-a.i.40; Vv-a.36.

pp. of vippakirati

…meaning (1) a-c; and vi (˚kirati ˚ghāta, ˚cameti, ˚lepa, ˚lopa), sam (˚tapati, ˚dassati) in meaning (1) d. See also 3^b. 3….

…sprinkle, disperse, fill, heap Snp.665; Dhp.313; Pv.ii.4#9 (dānaṃ vipulaṃ ākiri vippakirati Pv-a.92); Mil.175, Mil.238, Mil.323 (imper….

the fact or state of being filled or heaped with Mil.173 (sakataṃ dhaññassa ā).

ākirita + tta; abstr. fr. ākirita, pp. of ākirati Caus.

…equal to avakiṇṇa fr. avakirati 2) dejected, base, vile, ruthless SN.i.205 = Ja.iii.309 = Ja.iii.539 = Snp-a.383 At K. S. 261, Mrs. Rh. D….