anything impure, stain (lit. & fig.), dirt. In the Canon mostly fig. of impurities. On mala in similes see J.P.T.S., 1907, 122
■ SN.i.38 (itthi malaṃ brahmacariyassa), SN.i.43 (id.); AN.i.105 (issā˚ …

…88) has been changed into “sword-garland, thus taking it as mālā. Malaka (Malaka)

?

…as “ekato-vaṇṭika-mālā” and “ubhato-v
■ m., one & two stalked g., cp. Vin.iii.180). mālā guṇaparikkhittā one adorned with…

…88) has been changed into “sword-garland, thus taking it as mālā. Malaka (Malaka)

?

A river, the modern Rāpti in Uttar Pradesh; one of the pañca-mahānadī, Vin.ii.237 the five great rivers flowing from the Himālaya eastwards (pācīnaninnā) SN.v.39 into the sea. During the hot seas …

A grove in Cātumā where the Buddha preached the Kūṭadanta Sutta.

27.576667,83.0547223park

A semi-mythical lake, said to be in the Himalayas. Thag.430

Himalaya5lake

AṅgulimālaAhiṃsakaGaggaMantāniputta

A robber and murderer who was converted by the Buddha in the twentieth year of his ministry, and who later became an arahant. MN86

As a result of his deeds whole …

King of Avanti in the time of the Buddha. His name was Pajjota, the sobriquet being added on account of his violent temper.

Once, when ill with jaundice, he asked Bimbisāra to lend him the services o …

One of the seven great lakes of the Himālaya region. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

A Sākiyan village containing a mote-hall; near it was the Amalakīvana where the Buddha once stayed and preached the Cātuma Sutta. MN.i.456f.

27.576667, 83.0547222town

Gagga¹

A monk. He became insane, and in this condition did many things unworthy of a monk. When his colleagues blamed him, the Buddha interceded on his behalf and suggested that he be give …

HimavāHimācalaHimavantaHimālaya

The Himālaya mountains. In Himavā, are seven great lakes, each fifty leagues in length, breadth and depth—Anotattā, Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī …

A devaputta. He saw a number of monks in a forest-lodge on the slopes of the Himālaya, muddled in mind, loose of speech and heedless. He appeared before them on an uposatha day and reminded them of …

A city near the Himalaya, capital of the Sākiyan republic. The administration and judicial business of the city and all other matters of importance were discussed and decided in the Santhāgārasālā. DN …

A pavilion near the Karerikutikā, evidently a hall with a thatched roof supported by wooden pillars, but with no walls.DN.ii.1 The monks seem to have been in the habit of sitting out here and talking …

KaṇṇamuṇḍāKannamuṇḍaka

One of the seven great lakes of the Himalaya. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

MahākassapaKassapaPippali

One of the Buddha’s most eminent disciples, chief among those who upheld austere practices. AN.i.23 His personal name was Pippali, but he is usually known by his clan name K …

The books contain a list of seven great lakes, situated in the Himālaya. They form the sources of the five great rivers and dry up only when four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotat …

One of the seven great lakes of the Himālaya. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

A brahminee, mother of Aṅgulimāla; her husband was Gagga. MN.ii.102

MaṇimālikaMaṇimālaka

A shrine where the Buddha stayed and where he was visited by the Yakkha Maṇibhadda. SN.i.208

4shrine

He was a Sākiyan and entered the Order when the Buddha visited his kinsmen at Kapilavatthu. For some time he was the Buddha’s personal attendant—e.g., when the Buddha breached the Mahāsīhanāda Sutta. …

A king, ancestor of the Sākyas and the Kolians.

In the Ambaṭṭha Sutta DN.i.92 it is stated that Okkāka, being fond of his queen and wishing to transfer the kingdom to her son, banished from the kingd …

PañcālaPañcālajanapadaPañcālaraṭṭhaPañcālā

One of the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252

Pañcāla was to the east of the Kuru country, the country to the north and west of Delhi, from the foot …

The Indus river, one of the most important of those that flow from the Himālaya.

Isidāsī was once born as a goat in Sindhavārañña, the “Forest of the Sindhu”. Thig.438

Indus1river

Soṇa¹

A Thera, declared chief of those possessing clear utterance. AN.i.24 He lived in Avantī, where he met Mahākaccāna and was later ordained by him, after much difficulty assembling the …

One of the seven great lakes of Himavā. AN.iv.107

Himalaya3lake

A town in Kosala, near the Himālaya. It has been given, free from all taxes (as brahmadeyya), to Pokkharasāti by the king of Kosala, in recognition of the former’s skill. It was thickly populated an …

The northern division of Jambudīpa. Its boundaries are nowhere explicitly stated in Pāḷi literature. Perhaps Uttarāpatha was originally the name of a great trade-route, the northern high road which e …

Vimala¹

One of the four friends of Yasa who, following the latter’s example, joined the Order and attained arahantship. Vin.i.18f.

Vimala²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse spea …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse is in the form of a riddle. Thag.64

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of the fading beuaty of youth and the peace of liberation. Thig.72–76

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …

ĀmalakīvanaĀmalakivana

A grove at Cātumā. The Buddha once stayed there, and it was on that occasion that the Cātumā Sutta was preached. MN.i.456

Cātumā3park

garland of the atimuttaka shrub’s flower (perhaps Ougeinia oojeinensis).

garland with stalk(s) on one side

slipper made of kamala grass; (or of lotus leaf (?).

the kareri hall, the hall near the kareri trees.

covered with opening buds.

who desires to obtain sensual pleasures

who desires to obtain sensual pleasures

saying whatever one wants; chattering however one wishes

saying whatever one wants; chattering however one wishes

tree; the indian beech; the tree pongamia pinnata.

with stains got rid of, without stain.

obtaining to one’s wish, at will.

obtaining to one’s wish, at will.

the false mangosteen, diospyros malabarica; its (golden) fruit.

garland with a stalk on both sides

the fruit of the āmalaka plant, the Indian gooseberry (phyllanthus emblica)

leaf of the āmalaka plant.

the Indian gooseberry plant (phyllanthus emblica)

the name or description of a type of chair

the name or description of a type of chair

the name or description of a type of chair

wearing garlands and ornaments.

Anattā: No-self, egolessness, soullessness, impersonality, absence of identity, is the last of the 3 universal characteristics of existence ti-lakkhana. This anattā doctrine, which only is t …

adjective & adverb ˚-

1. uninterrupted, continuous, perpetual Ja.i.223; Mil.413; Vv-a.71; Pv-a.73, Pv-a.125, Pv-a.266; Sdhp.288.
2. final, absolute, complete; adv. thoroughly SN.i.130 (˚ṃ hatapu …

the eye MN.i.383 (ubbhatehi akkhīhi); Snp.197, Snp.608; Ja.i.223, Ja.i.279; Ja.v.77; Ja.vi.336; Pv.ii.9#26 (akkhīni paggharanti: shed tears, cp. Pv-a.123); Vv-a.65 (-īni bhamanti, my eyes swi …

adjective without stain or fault Ja.v.4; Sdhp.246, Sdhp.591, Sdhp.596.

a + mala

adjective Primary meanings are “inside” and “in between” as adj. “inner”; in prep. use & in compounds “inside, in between”. Further development of meaning is with a view of contrasting the (two) sides …

…māla (mālā).

• -lakkhana “swordsign”, i.e. (fortune -telling from) marks or a sword DN.i.9; Ja.i.455. *…

Aṅgaṇa¹

neuter an open space, a clearing, Vin.ii.218; Ja.i.109 (= manussānan sañcaraṇa-ṭṭhāne anāvaṭe bhūmibhāge C.); Ja.ii.243, Ja.ii.290 Ja.ii.357; Dāvs i.27
■ cetiy˚; an open space …

…Ja.vi.269; C. = bhagini-mālā) see upari
■ At AN.iv.255 bhaddaka is given as one of the eight ingredients of the sun…

sister Ja.vi.32. The popular etym. of bh. as given at Vb-a.108 is the same as that for bhātar, viz. “bhagatī ti bh.”-Cpd bhagini-māla a “sister garland” (?) Name of a tree Ja.vi.270 (= upari-b …

sort of spear Ja.vi.105, Ja.vi.248 Abhp.394.

Non-Aryan; Epic Sk. bhindipāla spear, but cp Prk bhiṇḍi-māla & ˚vāla, Pischel, Prk. Gr. § 248 see also Geiger, P.Gr. § 38

…Thag.459 (as variant reading; T. ˚dhārī). See also under mālā.

fr. bhṛ; cp. bhāra

adjective terrifying, horrible, awful Ja.v.43 (T. bhīmūla, but read bhīmala; C. explains by bhiṃsanaka-mahāsadda).

fr. bhīma

fruit of the Bilva tree, Aegle marmelos or Bengal quince, only in one stock phrase where its size is compared with sizes of smaller fruits, and where it is preceded by āmalaka SN.i.150 = AN.iv.170 ( …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

the eye (nom. sg. cakkhuṃ) Vin.i.34; SN.i.115; MN.iii.134 etc.)

I. The eye as organ of sense

1. psychologically cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā “seeing visible object (shape with the eye” (Nd ii.on …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

cumbaṭa, viz.

1. a pillow Dhp-a.i.139; Vv-a.33, Vv-a.165
2. a wreath Ja.iv.231 (puppha˚); Snp-a.137; Dhp-a.i.72 (mālā˚).

sour milk, curds junket Vin.i.244 (in enumⁿ of 5-fold cow-produce, cp gorasa); DN.i.201 (id.); MN.i.316; AN.ii.95; Ja.ii.102 Ja.iv.140; Mil.41, Mil.48, Mil.63; Dhs.646, Dhs.740, Dhs.875; …

blade, leaf, petal (usually -˚); akkhi-d eyelid Thag-a.259; DN-a.i.194; Dhs-a.378; uppala˚ Dhs-a.311; kamala˚ (lotus-petal) Vv-a.35, Vv-a.38; muttā˚ (? DN-a.i.252; ratta-pavāḷa˚ Ja.i.75.

S …

…pāna, 7 vattha, 8 yāna, 9 mālā 10 gandhā, 11 vilepana, 12 seyya, 13 āvasatha 14 padīpeyya. A similar enumⁿ in diff. order is…

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

1. wearing, in mālā˚ (etc.) DN.i.5 = AN.ii.210 = Pp.58; Kp-a.37 cīvara˚ AN.ii.104 = Pp.45.
2. maintaining, sustaining keeping up Mil.320…

Dosa¹

corruption blemish, fault, bad condition, defect; depravity, corrupted state; usually -˚, as khetta˚ blight of the field Mil.360; tiṇa˚ spoilt by weeds Dhp.356; Pv-a.7; visa ill ef …

…Ja.i.397; Vv-a.198; mālā˚ Ja.ii.104; rajata˚ Ja.i.50; Ja.iii.184; Ja.iv.91 rattapuppha˚ Ja.iii.30; sumana˚ Ja.iv.455.

Sk. dāman to…

…viz. anna pāna vattha yāna mālā gandha-vilepana seyyāvasatha padīpeyya (bread water, clothes, vehicle, garlands, scented ointment…

1. interior, cavity (loc. gabbhe in the midst of: angāra˚ Ja.iii.55); an inner room, private chamber, bedroom, cell. Of a Vihāra Vin.ii.303; Vin.iii.119; Vin.iv.45; Vv-a.188; Vv-a.220
   ■ Ja.i.90 …

…is mentioned together with mālā (flowers, garlands): DN.i.5 = Kp ii.DN.i.7 (˚kathā); Vin.ii.123; Snp.401; Ja.i.50, Ja.i.291; Pv-a.62. The use…

Ganthati & Gantheti

1. to tie, knot, bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland Vv.38#1 (ganthento Vv-a.173). Of m …

Ganthati & Gantheti

1. to tie, knot, bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland Vv.38#1 (ganthento Vv-a.173). Of m …

…gatā the ship went to Aggimālā Ja.iv.139. 2. in applied meaning: gone in a certain way, i.e. affected, behaved, fared, fated, being in or…

…id. Dhp.172 Dhp.233.

for guṇa², due to distance dissimilation in maṇiguṇa and mālāguṇa → maṇigula and mālāgula; cp…

…due to dissimilation, as mālāguḷa → mālāguṇa; cp. Sk. guṇikā tumour: guḷa and gaḷa veḷu: veṇu, and note on…

1. a nerve conveying a stimulus (lit. “carrier”); only used with rasa˚; nerve of taste Vin.ii.137; usually given as “a hundred thousand” in number, e.g. Ja.v.4, Ja.v.293, Ja.v.458; Dhp-a.i.134.
2. …

adjective belonging to, living in the Himālaya Ja.i.506; Ja.iv.374, Ja.iv.437; -vatika id. Dpvs.v.54. Herannika (& aka);

fr. himavant

adjective snowy Ja.v.63 (= himayutta C.). (m.) Himavā the Himālaya: see Dict. of Names.

hima + vant

adjective carrying, taking, getting; removing (f. hārikā) MN.i.385; Ja.i.134, Ja.i.479; Pv.ii.9#1 (dhana˚) Snp-a.259 (maṃsa˚)
■ mala˚ an instrument for removing ear-wax Tha-ap.303; cp. haraṇī. …

Issā¹

feminine jealousy, anger, envy, ill-will DN.ii.277 (˚macchariya); DN.iii.44 (id.); MN.i.15; SN.ii.260; AN.i.95, AN.i.105 (˚mala), AN.i.299; AN.ii.203; AN.iv.8 (˚saññojana), AN.iv.14 …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Jhāna¹

neuter literally meditation. But it never means vaguely meditation It is the technical term for a special religious experience reached in a certain order of mental states. It was or …

…megho thanayaṃ vijjumālā satakkaku. Com. explⁿ sikhara, kūṭa) AN.iii.34 (= AN-a.620 ~kūṭa). Cp. satakkaku & Morris,…

billow, in -mālā a series of billows Dāvs iv.44.

cp. Sk. kallola

…Ja.i.25 (naḷa˚), Ja.i.51 (mālā˚), Ja.i.100 (uppalakumuda˚); Ja.v.39 (usīra˚); Mil.33; Pv-a.257, Pv-a.260 (ucchu˚), Pv-a.272 (veḷu˚);…

lotus, freq. combined with kuvalaya; or with uppala Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40, explained as vārikiñjakkha Pv-a.77.

1. lotus, the lotus flower, Nelumbium Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40; Mhbv.3; Sdhp.325; Vv-a.43, …

adjective rich in lotus, covered with lotuses (of a pond) in kamalinī-kāmuka “the lover of lotuses,” epithet of the Sun Mhbv. 3 (variant reading ˚sāmika perhaps to be preferred).

fr. kamala

…weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garlands and creepers”; also in kamma-kara possibly orig employed in…

gold, usually as uttatta˚; molten gold; said of the colour of the skin Bv.i.59; Pv.iii.3#2; Ja.v.416; Pv-a.10 suvaṇṇa).

• -agga gold-crested Ja.v.156;
• -chavin of golden co …

…the ear Vin.ii.135.

• -mālā a garland from corner to corner (of a temple) Dāvs ii.111. *…

…rattavaṇṇa-virala-mālāya bandhakaṇṭha Pv-a.4 (cp. Avs.i.102; Avs.ii.182; karavīra-mālābaddha [sakta…

…(= uṇṇama);

• -mālā “garland of rays” Vv-a.323.

Vedic ketu, *(s)qait, clear; cp. Lat. caelum (=…

nom. also khattiyāse Ja.iii.441. A shortened form is khatya Ja.vi.397
■ f. khattiyā AN.iii.226–⁠AN.iii.229, khattī DN.i.193, and khattiyī. A member of one of the clans or tribes recognised as of Ary …

sneezing expectoration Pv.ii.2#3 (expl. Pv-a.80: mukhato nikkhantamala); Dhp-a.i.314 (˚roga + kāsa, coughing).

• -sadda the sound of expectorations DN.i.50; Dhp-a.i.250.

pp. …

Khura¹

the hoof of an animal Vv.64#10 (of a horse = turagānaṃ khuranipāta, the clattering of a horse’s hoof Vv-a.279), cp. Sk. kṣura, a monkey’s claw Sp. Avs.i.236.

khura-kāse MN.i.44 …

1. adorned: mālā˚ adorned with garlands Vin.iii.249.
2. soiled, only in cpds kaṇṇa˚; said of a wall, also of the ground at Vin.i.48…

see kamala; Mhbv.29.

the (blue) water-lily, lotus, usually combined with kamala, q.v. Vv.35#4; DN-a.i.50; Vv-a.161, Vv-a.181; Pv-a.23, Pv-a.77.

an opening bud AN.iv.117, AN.iv.119.

for kusuma˚

to desire.

1. Objective: pleasantness, pleasure-giving, an object of sensual enjoyment.
2. Subjective: (a) enjoyment, pleasure on occasion of sense, (b) sense-desire.

Buddhist commentators exp …

Kūṭa¹

neuter a trap, a snare; fig. falsehood, deceit. As trap Ja.i.143 (kūṭapāsādi); Ja.iv.416 (explⁿ paṭicchannapāsa). As deceit, cheating in formula tulā˚ kaṃsa māna˚ “cheatin …

…creeper-work (combined with mālā-kamma Vin.ii.117, Vin.ii.152.

cp. Sk. latā, connected with Lat. lentus flexible; Ohg. lindi soft, E. lithe;…

in likhā-paṇṇa at Pv-a.20 is faulty for lekhā˚; (lekha˚) letter, cp. lekha-pattra letter Mālatīm 172, 7.

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

adjective dirty, stained impure, usually lit
■ Ja.i.467; Mil.324; Dhp-a.i.233; Vv-a.156; Pv-a.226; Vb-a.498.

fr. mal, *mel to make dirty, to which belongs mala
■ Cp. Lat. mulleus reddish, …

…“a small vessel (of wood or cocoanut-shell) for holding the oil used in unction, mālā “cocoanut-shell,” and adds: probably a…

flower, garland of flowers Vv.1#1 (-dhara); Vv.2#1; Ja.v.188 (puppha˚), Ja.v.420. The reading at Pv.iii.3#3 (pahūta˚, adj. having many rows of flowers) is mālya.

for *mālya, fr. māla

mind, opinion, thought, thinking of, hankering after, love or wish for Vin.iii.138 (purisa˚ thought of a man); Mhvs.3, Mhvs.42 (padīpa˚ lamp of knowledge); Mhvs.15, Mhvs.214 (amala˚ pure-minded); Pv\ …

stand, (tripod) for a bowl, formed of sticks Vin.ii.124 (= daṇḍ’ ādhāraka Bdhgh on p. 318).

prob. dialectical for māḷaka: cp. mallaka

1. circle DN.i.134 (paṭhavi˚, cp. puthavi˚ Snp.990); Vism.143 (˚ṃ karoti to draw a circle, in simile), Vism.174 (tipu˚ & rajata˚ lead- & silver circle, in kasiṇa practice); Vv-a.147 (of a fan = tāla …

fat SN.i.124; Snp.196; Ja.iii.484 (ajakaraṃ medaṃ = ajakara-medaṃ C.); Kp iii. (explained at Vism.262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid or gelatine); Vism.361 Vb-a.66, Vb-a.225, Vb-a.245, …

…Dhp-a.i.335 Dhp-a.iv.8 (sarīra), Dhp-a.iv.112; Snp-a.69 (˚mālā, in simile); Mhvs.22 Mhvs.46 (a˚); Sdhp.161.

pp. of milāyati

…at Vv-a.280 as “ratta-mālādīhi missita-kesavaṭṭī”). The m. missa-kesa occurs as a term for ascetics (with muṇḍa) at…

occurs as simplex only in Np. Mahā- mucala -mālaka Mhvs.15, Mhvs.36. It refers to the tree mucalinda, of which it may be a short form. On the other hand *m …

pearl Vv.37#7 (˚ācita); Pv.ii.7#5 (+ veḷuriya); Mhvs.30, Mhvs.66. Eight sorts of pearls are enumerated at Mvu. 11, 14, viz. haya-gaja-rath’ āmalakā valay’anguli-veṭhakā kakudha-phala-pākatikā, i …

…(vācaṃ) Vv.64#18 (mālā m. ghosaṃ = vissajjenti Vv-a.281). 6. (from 4 & 5 in general) to undertake, to bestow, send forth, let loose…

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

the great-flowered jasmine Abhp.576. Cp. mālikā.

fr. mālā

Mālika¹

neuter name of a dice Ja.vi.281.

fr. mālā or mala?

Mālika²

a gardener, florist Abhp.507.

fr. mālā

double jasmine Dāvs 5, Dāvs 49.

fr. mālā

…flowers (etc.) Pv.iii.9#1 (= mālābhārin Pv-a.211); f mālinī Vv.36#2 (nānā-ratana˚); Mhvs.18, Mhvs.30 (vividhadhaja˚…

to kill: see under marati
pp mārita. Mala (mala)

Caus. of mṛ.

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

Māḷaka

a stand, viz. for alms-bowl (patta˚) Vin.ii.114, or for drinking vessel (pānīya˚ Ja.vi.85.

a Non-Aryan word, although the Dhtm.395 gives roots mal & mall; in meaning “dhāraṇa” (see under …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

…Dhp-a.i.166; - mālā a garland of stars Vv-a.167;

• -yoga a conjunction of the planets, a…

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

to blow away, blow off; to clean, cleanse, purify; to throw out, eject, remove Snp.281 = Mil.414 (kāraṇḍavaṃ) Snp.282 (˚itvā pāpicche), Snp.962 (malaṃ = pajahati (Mnd.478); Dhp.239 (id.); Mil.43
pp …

adjective blown off, removed, cleaned, purified AN.i.254 (jātarūpa “loitered,” cp. niddhota); Snp.56 (˚kasāva-moha; Com vijahati); Dhp.236 (˚mala, malānaṃ nīhaṭatāya Dhp-a.iii.336); Cnd.347 (= vanta …

adjective going out from Pv-a.80 (nāsikāya n
■ mala). dun˚; at Thag.72 is to be read dunnikkhaya, as indicated by vv.ll. See the latter.

cp. Sk. niṣkrama

adjective free from impurity, stainless, clean, pure AN.iv.340; Dhp.243; Cnd.586; Vism.58 Sdhp.250. Nimmata-pitika

nis + mala

thrown out, removed; in f. abstr. ˚tā ejection, removal [cp. Sk. nirhṛti] Dhp-a.iii.336 (malānaṃ n. the extirpation of impurity or removal of stain).

pp. of nīharati = Sk. nirhṛta

one who has gone out from home, one who has given up worldly life & undertaken the life of a bhikkhu recluse or ascetic, (one) ordained (as a Buddhist friar) gone forth (into the holy life or pabbajjā …

1. to make go out or away, drive out, banish, exile DN.i.92 (raṭṭhasmā out of the kingdom; = nīharati DN-a.i.258); MN.ii.122; Dhp.388 (attano malaṃ pabbājayaṃ, tasmā pabbajito ti vuccati) Dhp-a.iv.1 …

adverb behind, aft, after, afterwards, back; westward DN.i.205; Snp.645 Snp.773, Snp.949; Mnd.33 (= pacchā vuccati anāgataṃ, pure vuccati atītaṃ); Cnd.395; Dhp.172, Dhp.314, Dhp.421; Pv.i.11#1 Pv.i.11 …

the lotus Nelumbium speciosum. It is usually mentioned in two varieties, viz. ratta˚; and seta˚; i.e. red and white lotus so at Ja.v.37; Snp-a.125; as ratta˚ at Vv-a.191; Pv-a.157. The latter s …

to flow forth or out, to ooze, trickle, drip SN.i.150; Snp.p.125 (pubbañ ca lohitañ ca. p.); Ja.vi.328; Pv.i.6#7 (gabbho pagghari = vissandi Pv-a.34); Pv.ii.9#11 (= vissandati Pv-a.119); Pv.ii.9#26 …

given up, abandoned, left, eliminated Vin.iii.97 = Vin.iv.27; SN.ii.24; SN.iii.33; SN.iv.305; Snp.351 (˚jāti-maraṇa), Snp.370, Snp.564, Snp.1132 (˚mala-moha) Iti.32; Cnd. s.v.; Pts.i.63; Pts.ii.244; …

possessed by (the C. explⁿ as given K.S. 320 is “abhibhūta”) biassed, taken up by, full of (-˚) MN.i.18; MN.iii.14; SN.iv.240 (maccheramala˚ ceto); AN.i.281; AN.ii.58; Iti.43 (diṭṭhigate …

at Ja.iv.365 is doubtful; perhaps we should read pasakkita (pp. of pasakkati); the C. explains as “lying down” (nipanna acchati, p. 367); Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. proposes change to pamakkhita …

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

…datvā) Snp-a.137 (setamālāhi sabba-gandha-sugandhehi p˚akehi ca alankatā paripuṇṇa-angapaccangā, of oxen). Cp Mvu.i.269…

Phala¹

neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]

1. (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …

…Vism.345; Vb-a.242.

• -mālā a wreath or garland of scum Mil.117.
• -mālin with a wreath of scum…

…the truth Pp.29.

• -mālā garland of fls. Snp-a.78.
• -muṭṭhi a handful of fl. Vism.432…

to wipe off, clean Vin.ii.208 (upāhanā), Vin.ii.210; AN.iv.376 (rajoharaṇaṃ suciṃ p., asuciṃ p. etc.); Ja.i.392 (akkhīni); Vism.63 (gabbha-malaṃ), Vism.415 = Kp-a.120; Ja.i.47 (assūni hatthehi p.); …

the white lotus DN.i.75 = AN.iii.26 (in sequence uppala padụma, p.); DN.ii.4 (Sikhī puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho); MN.iii.93; SN.i.138, SN.i.204 = Ja.iii.309; AN.i.145 (uppala paduma p.); AN.ii.86 …

…Ja.iv.366; Dhp-a.iv.232 mālā˚; basket for garlands or flowers Dhp-a.iii.212 (baddha made, lit. bound). In puṭa-baddha-kummāsa…

adj. nt.

1. drinkable SN.ii.111.
2. drink, be erage, usually water for drinking Vin.ii.207; Vin.iv.263; Ja.i.198, Ja.i.450; Ja.iii.491 Ja.v.106, Ja.v.382; Pv.i.10#7; Pv.ii.1#19, Pv.ii.7#10; Pv-a.4, …

(rajas) & Raja neuter

1. Forms.
   ■ Both rajo & rajaṃ occur as noun & acc. sg., e.g. rajo at DN.ii.19; Snp.207, Snp.334; Dhs.617; rajaṃ at Snp.275; Iti.83; once (in verse) *[rajo](/define/rajo …

Ratha¹

a two-wheeled carriage, chariot (for riding driving or fighting SN.i.33 (ethically); AN.iv.191 (horse cart; diff. parts of a ratha); MN.i.396; Snp.300, Snp.654 Vism.593 (in its com …

…Pv-a.4 (˚virala-mālā garland of red flowers for the convict to be executed cp. Fick, Sociale Gliederung 104), Pv-a.157 (˚paduma),…

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

adjective impure, contaminated Vin.i.5; samalā (f.) dustbin SN.ii.270 (= gāmato gūthanikkhamana-magga, i.e. sewer K.S. ii.203); see *sandhi*˚.

BSk. samala

to decorate, adorn Mhvs.7, Mhvs.56; ˚kata pp. Dāvs v.36: ˚karitvā Ja.vi.577.

saṃ + alankaroti

…in the Deśināmamālā viii.20 (Konow) Compare, however, Rhys Davids’ Buddhist Suttas, p. 178¹; ˚-aṃ buñjāmi…

to speak to, address Ja.i.478. At Ja.i.51 it seems to mean “to recover the power of speech.” Samavaya = samavaya

saṃ + ālapati

1. union, junction Mil.330 (of 2 roads); Bdhgh on SN.ii.270 (between 2 houses).
2. breach, break, hole, chasm DN.ii.83 = AN.v.195; Thag.786; Ja.v.459. āloka˚; a window Vin.ii.172; sandhiṃ chindati …

sweat DN.ii.293; AN.ii.67 sq. Iti.76; Snp.196; Ja.i.118, Ja.i.138, Ja.i.146, Ja.i.243; in detaiḷ (physiologically) at Vism.262, Vism.360; Vb-a.66, Vb-a.245 sweating for medicinal purposes, mahā˚ a g …

adjective white DN.ii.297 = MN.i.58; Snp.689; AN.iii.241; Vb-a.63 (opp kāḷa); Ja.i.175; Pv-a.157, Pv-a.215. name of a mountain in the Himālayas SN.i.67 = Mil.242; an elephant of King Pasenadi AN.ii …

the plant Blyxa octandra moss, AN.iii.187, AN.iii.232, AN.iii.235; Ja.ii.150 = Dhp-a.i.144; Ja.iii.520; Ja.iv.71; Ja.v.462; Mil.35; Dhp-a.iii.199 Tikp.12 (in sim.). (m. and nt.) Ja.v.37; *-[mālaka] …

…worldly amusements (8) mālā-gandha-vilepana-dhāraṇa-maṇḍana-vibhūsanaṭṭhānā˚; to use neither unguents nor ornaments; (9…

…young of an animal, calf Ja.v.92; cp. Deśīnāmamālā viii.31.

Su¹

indeclinable a part. of exclamation “shoo!”; usually repeated su su Ja.ii.250; Ja.vi.165 (of the hissing of a snake); Thag-a.110 (scaring somebody away), Thag-a.305 (sound of puffi …

adjective tender, delicate, refined, delicately nurtured AN.i.145; AN.ii.86 sq.; AN.iii.130; Vin.i.15, Vin.i.179; Vin.ii.180; beautifully young, graceful Ja.i.397; Snp.298; samaṇa-˚ a soft, graceful …

delicate constitution Ja.v.295; Dhp-a.iii.283 (ati˚).

abstr. fr. sukhumāla

medicinal plant Vin.i.201; cp. Deśīnāmamālā viii.40.

cp. Sk. surasī, “basilienkraut” BR; fr. surasa

…-makula a j. bud Dhp-a.iii.371.

• -mālā garland of j. Vv-a.142.

…made of gold Ja.i.146

• -mālā golden garland Dhp-a.i.388.
• -meṇḍaka a golden ram…

coarse cloth MN.i.509 (cp. Deśīnāmamālā viii.52; Karpūramañjarī p. 19; J.P.T.S. 1891, 5 and Prākrit sāhulī, Z.D.M.G., xxviii., p. 415).

Sal tree (Shorea robusta) MN.i.488; DN.ii.134; AN.i.202; AN.iii.49, AN.iii.214; Dhp.162.

• -māḷaka an enclosure of Sal trees Ja.i.316.
• -rukkha Sal tree Vv\ …

the creeper Ichnocarpus Ja.i.60.

sāma¹ + latā; Sk. śyāmalatā

medicinal plant Ja.iv.92 (bhisasāmā, C. bhisāni ca sāmākā ca); the Priyangu creeper Ja.i.500; Ja.v.405.

Sk. śyāmā Halāyudha 2, 38; see sāma¹, sāmalatā, and sāmāka

boundary, limit, parish Vin.i.106 sq., Vin.i.309, Vin.i.340; Mnd.99 (four); Dhp-a.iv.115 (mālaka˚); antosīmaṃ within the boundary Vin.i.132, Vin.i.167; ekasīmāya within one boundary, in the same pari …

Name of a tree (Xanthochymus pictorius) Pv.iii.10#5 (+ uppala).

Sk. tamāla

…iv.33; Dāvs v.25 (chiddaṃ mālāguḷena th.).

Sk. sthagayati, Caus. to sthagati, from *steg to cover; cp. Gr. στέγω cover, τέγη…

tumult, uproar, commotion Ja.vi.247 (by Com. explained as “andhakāra,” darkness); Dpvs.xvii.100.

Sk. tumala; to *teu, Lat. tumeo, tumulus, tumultus, etc. E. thumb (swelling), cp. tunga tūla

carrying away, washing away Snp.391 (sanghāṭi-raj-ûpa˚ = paṃsu-malādino sanghāṭirajassa dhovanaṃ Snp-a.375).

upa + vāhana

…Goth. wiprus a year old lamb = Ohg. widar = E wether

Vaccha²

a tree; only in mālā˚; an ornamental plant Vin.ii.12;…

1. vomited, or one who has vomited Mil.214; Pv-a.80. As nt. vomit at Vin.i.303.
2. (fig.) given up, thrown up, left behind, renounced MN.i.37 (+ catta, mutta & pahīna). Cp. BSk. vāntī-bhāva, syn wi …

Vatta¹

neuter

1. that which is done, which goes on or is customary, i.e. duty, service, custom, function Vin.ii.31; Snp.294, Snp.393 (gahaṭṭha˚) Vism.188 (cetiy’ angaṇa˚ etc.); Dhp-a.i.9 …

adjective one who throws away or does away with; destroying, clearing away Mil.344 (kilesa-mala-duggandha˚).

fr. vidhamati

…of ivory MN.ii.18; DN.i.78; Ja.i.320. 3. arrangement get up, assortment; form, shape Ja.v.292 (mālā˚ garlandarrangement).

*…

1. walking about, stepping; in -malaka walking-enclosure, “περιπατεϊον”, corridor Ja.i.449.
2. strength, heroism Ja.ii.211, Ja.ii.398; Ja.iii.386 (˚porisa).

fr. vi + kram

adjective without stains, spotless, unstained, clean, pure AN.iv.340; Snp.378, Snp.476, Snp.519, Snp.637, Snp.1131 (cp. Cnd.586); Ja.i.18; Mil.324; Dhp-a.iv.192.

vi + mala

certain precious stone of dark-blue colour Vv-a.111.

cp. Sk. vimalaka

1. to remove, put away, give up
   ppr vinayaṃ Ja.vi.499;
   pot 3^rd sg. vinayetha Snp.361, & vineyya Snp.590;
   imper vinaya Snp.1098; * …

adjective free from defilement or passion, stainless, faultless Vin.i.294 (āgamma maggaṃ virajaṃ) Snp.139, Snp.520, Snp.636, Snp.1105 (see exegesis at Cnd.590); Pv.iii.3#6 (= vigata-raja, niddosa Pv\ …

…ratta-vaṇṇa-virala-mālā read better with variant reading as ratta-kaṇavīra-mālā, cp. Ja.iii.59).

connected with Vedic ṛtē…

…ratta-vaṇṇa-virala-mālā read better with variant reading as ratta-kaṇavīra-mālā, cp. Ja.iii.59).

connected with Vedic ṛtē…

huntsman, deer-hunter Mhvs.10, Mhvs.89 (read either; vyādha-deva god of the h.; or vyādhi˚; demon of maladies); Mhvs.10, Mhvs.95.

fr. vyadh: see vedha & vijjhati

Vyādhi¹

sickness, malady, illness, disease AN.i.139 (as devadūta), AN.i.146, AN.i.155 sq.; AN.iii.66; Pts.i.59 sq. Pts.ii.147; Ja.vi.224; Vism.236. Often in sequence *jāti jarā vyādhi mara …

Vāsa¹

clothing; adj. (-˚) clothed in Ja.vi.47 (hema-kappana-vāsase).

vas to clothe, see vasati¹

Vāsa²

1. living, sojourn, life Snp.191; Mhv …

Vīta¹

adjective deprived of, free from, (being) without. In meaning and use cp. vigata˚. Very frequent as first part of a cpd., as e.g. the foll.:

• -accika without a flame, i.e. glo …

pair Abhp.628
■ yamalī occurs in BSk. only as a kind of dress, at Divy.276; Avs.i.265.

fr. yama³

…anna, pāna, vattha yāna, mālā, gandhā, vilepana, seyya, avasatha, padīpeyya Cp. Mnd.373

The term parikkhāra,…

emblic myrobalan, Phyllanthus Emblica Vin.i.201, Vin.i.278; Vin.ii.149 (˚vaṇṭika pīthu); SN.i.150; AN.v.170; Snp.p.125 (˚matti); Ja.iv.363; Ja.v.380 (as variant reading for T. āmala); Mil.11; Dhp-a.i …

āmalaka Vin.i.30; MN.i.456 (˚vana).

…(always ˚-) DN.i.104 (˚mālābharaṇa); Vin.ii.156 = Vv.20#8 (˚maṇi-kuṇḍala); SN.i.211; Ja.iv.460; Ja.v.155; Ja.vi.492; Vv.72#1 (=…

1. abode, haunt, receptacle; dependence on, refuge, support, condition SN.i.38; Vin.iii.151; Ja.ii.99; Mil.257; Vv-a.60; Pv-a.210; jal˚ river Vv-a.47; Pgdp.80; adj. depending on, living in (-˚) Mi …