…under parā˚. See also pāra, pārima etc.

-ajjhāsaya intent on others (opp. att˚) Snp-a.46…

Parā˚

prefix prep meaning “on to,” “over” (with the idea of mastering) also “through, throughout.” The ā is shortened before double consonant, like parā + kṛ; = parakkaroti, parā kram = parakkam …

…Cases adverbially: acc. pāraṃ see sep.; abl. pārato from the other side Vin.ii.209 3. the guṇa form of para,…

Acelakassapa¹AcelaKassapa

A naked ascetic. He visited the Buddha at Ujuññā in the Kaṇṇa-katthala deer-park and asked him if it were true that he disparaged all penance and reviled asceti …

AjitamāṇavaAjita

One of the disciples of Bāvarī who visited the Buddha at the request of their teacher.

He was the first to question the Buddha, and the questions asked by him form the Ajitamāṇavapu …

AjātasattuVedehiputta

Son of Bimbisāra, King of Māgadha, and therefore half-brother to Abhayarājakumāra. He murdered his father to gain the throne, and conspired with Devadatta to kill the Buddha, b …

A grove to the south of Sāvatthī, one gāvuta away from the city. It was well guarded and monks and nuns used to resort there in search of solitude. The Bhikkhunī Saṃyutta contains stories of nuns wh …

A banker (seṭṭhi) of Sāvatthī who became famous because of his unparalleled generosity to the Buddha. His first meeting with the Buddha was during the first year after the Enlightenment, in Rājagaha …

One of the four great continents into which the earth is divided. According to the Aṅguttara Nikāya, AN.i.227 AN.v.59 each cakkavāla (world-system) has an Aparagoyāna.

5continent

One of the Pacceka Buddhas mentioned in the Isigili Sutta. MN.iii.70

Assaji¹

The fifth of the Pañcavaggiyā monks. When the Buddha preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, he was the last in whom dawned the eye of Truth, and the Buddha had to discourse to h …

One of the four great monarchies in the time of the Buddha, the other three being Māgadha, Kosala and Vaṃsa (or Vatsa). Avanti is also mentioned among the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN. …

One of the 16 Great Nations (Mahājanapadā), mentioned in the Pitakas. The countries mentioned are Aṅga, Māgadha, Kāsī, Kosala, Vajji, Mallā, Ceti, Vaṃsa, Kuru, Pañcāla, Macchā, Sūrasena, Assaka, Avant …

Bhaddiya¹

An anāgāmī, one of seven persons who became arahants as soon as they were born in Avihā. SN.i.35 SN.i.60

Bhaddiya²Kāligodhāputta

Chief among monks of aristocratic …

A seaport in the country of Bharu. It is identical with Barygaza of Ptolemy and the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea. Bharukaccha is the modern Broach in Kathiawar. The people of Bharukaccha are called B …

BārānasīBenares

The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …

The son of Sudinna Kalandakaputta by the wife of his lay days. He was conceived after Sudinna had already been ordained. His wife came to him during her period and begged him to give her an offspring. …

King of Avanti in the time of the Buddha. His name was Pajjota, the sobriquet being added on account of his violent temper.

Once, when ill with jaundice, he asked Bimbisāra to lend him the services o …

DalhikaDaḷhika

A monk of Sāgala. A pupil of his once stole a turban from a shopkeeper and confessed his fault to Dalhika, thinking that he would, on that account, become a pārājika. But the value o …

Dhaniya¹Dhanika

A herdsman living on the bank of the river Mahī. One day, while he was in this house, having finished his preparations for the approach of the rains, he sat meditating on h …

GajaṅgalaKajaṅgalaKajaṅgalā

A township which formed the eastern boundary of the Middle Country. Beyond it was Mahāsālā. Vin.i.197 Once when the Buddha was staying in the Veḷuvana at Kajangala, the la …

IsipatanaMigadayaDeer Park

An open space near Benares, the site of the famous Migadāya or Deer Park. It was eighteen leagues from Uruvelā, and when Gotama gave up his austere penances his friends, th …

KajangalaKajangalā

A township which formed the eastern boundary of the Middle Country. Beyond it was Mahāsālā. Vin.i.197 Once when the Buddha was staying in the Veḷuvana at Kajangala, the lay followe …

KassapakārāmaKassapārāma

A monastery in Rājagaha, probably near Veḷuvana. It was here that Assaji stayed during his last illness, when the Buddha visited him to comfort him. SN.iii.125

25.01281,85.3 …

Keṇiya

A brahmanical matted hair ascetic. He lived in Āpaṇa, and when the Buddha once stayed there with one thousand three hundred and fifty monks, Keṇiya visited the Buddha, bringing various kinds o …

The Buddha declared her foremost among lay women by reason of her extensive knowledge. A.i.26

Khujjuttarā is several times mentioned as the paragon among lay-women disciples. AN.i.88 AN.ii.164 AN.iv …

KimbilaKimilaKimmila

A Sākiyan of Kapilavatthu. He was converted with Bhaddiya and four other Sākyan nobles at Anupiya. Vin.ii.182 Kimbila seems to have maintained throughout his early friendship wit …

The capital of the Vatsas or Vaṃsas. In the time of the Buddha its king was Parantapa, and after him reigned his son Udena. Kosambī was evidently a city of great importance at the time of the Buddha f …

A very learned brahmin of Khāṇumata, which village had been given to him by King Bimbisāra as a brahmadeyya. The Buddha arrived at Khāṇumata when Kūṭadanta was making preparations for a great sacrific …

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.26

The name of a people and their country.

The country is included in the sixteen Great Nations of the Buddha’s time. The kingdom, at that time, was divided into two parts, having their respective capit …

MāluṅkyāputtaMāluṅkyaputtaMālukyaputta

The Theragāthā contains two sets of verses attributed to him. One set speaks of the dangers of craving and encourages effort. Thag.399–404 The second set speaks …

MāraNamuciKaṇhaAdhipatiAntakaPamattabandhuPāpimā

Generally regarded as the personification of Death, the Evil One, the Tempter. Sometimes known as the Dark One (Kaṇha). Snp.355 MN.i.377 DN.ii.262 T …

One of the cities of Uttarakuru, described as having been built on an airy base. DN.iii.200

5town

A Brahmā who was present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.260

A class of devas, inhabitants of the highest stage of the sensuous universe.

They are described AN.i.210 SN.v.410 SN.v.423 DN.ii.91 DN.iii.218 as “beings who desire the creation of others, in order t …

Wanderer. The name given to some of the ascetics and recluses of the Buddha’s time. They were not exclusively brahmin. Their presence seems to have been recognized and respected from earlier times. Ge …

ParājitāParajita Sarājita

A Niraya in which those who die in battle are born. SN.iv.311

5hell

One of Bāvari’s pupils. His question to the Buddha and the answer thereto are given in the Posālamāṇavaa pucchā of the Pārāyana Vagga. Snp.1006 Snp.1112–1115.

…of a householder of Suppāraka in the Sunāparanta country. One day he asked the Buddha for a short lesson so that, having learnt it, he might…

A class of devas. DN.ii.260

A monk whose Theragāthā verses are collected in two sizable groups. The first depicts him meditating in solitude and pondering over the things that one should do to accompish one’s duty and do no harm …

Pārāsariya¹Pārāpariya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how being restrained he has overcome defilements. Thag.116

Pārāsariya²

A brahmin teacher mentioned in the Indriya …

Pārāyana

The fifth and last division of the Sutta Nipāta. Snp.976ff. It consists of sixteen suttas preceded by an introduction. The introduction describes how Bāvarī first heard of the coming of th …

The name given to a set of rules to be observed by members of the Buddhist Order. The rules regulate the behaviour of the members of the Order towards one another in respect of clothes, dwellings, fur …

A city, the capital of Māgadha.

The place was called Giribbaja (mountain stronghold) because it was surrounded by five hills—Paṇḍava, Gijjhakūṭa, Vebhāra, Isigili and Vepulla. It is said MN.iii.68 th …

A brahmin of Aṅguttarāpa. He was a great friend of Keṇiya, the Jaṭila, and visited him when Keṇiya was making preparations to entertain the Buddha. Having heard the word “Buddha” from Keṇiya, Sela was …

SudinnaKalandakaputta

A monk who, after being ordained, returned to his former wife and had relations with her, thus becoming guilty of the first Pārājika offence. When there was a famine in the Vajj …

Sundarīnandā¹

Younger sister of Thullanandā; she had two other sisters, Nandā and Nandavatī. Sāḷha Migāranattā seduced her, and she was proclaimed guilty of a Pārājika offence. Vin.iv.21 …

…in which was the port of Suppāraka, birthplace of Puṇṇa Thera. With the Buddha’s permission, he returned to Sunāparanta. The people of…

A tribe in North India, to which the Buddha belonged. Their capital was Kapilavatthu. Mention is also made of other Sākyan settlements - e.g., Cātumā, Khomadussa, Sāmagāma, Devadaha, Sīlavatī, Nagara …

Sāmā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of how she could not find peace after going to the monastery five times, then later attained the end of suffering. Thig.37–38

Sāmā^{2</s …}

The capital city of Kosala in India and one of the six great Indian cities during the lifetime of the Buddha. DN.ii.147 It was six leagues from Sāketa. Vin.i.253 It was on the banks of the Aciravatī.V …

Udena¹Utena

King of Kosambī. He was the son of Parantapa. Once when be discovered that the women of the court had given five hundred costly robes to Ānanda, he was annoyed, but when in ans …

A great brahmin. Having made preparations for a great sacrifice, in which numerous animals were to be slaughtered, he visited the Buddha at Jetavana to consult him as to the efficacy of the sacrifice. …

Uttara¹

A monk whose verses are recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.121–122

Uttara²

A monk whose verse are recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.161–162

Uttara³

A *devapu …

A mythical region. A detailed description of it is given in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta. DN.iii.199ff. The men who live there own no property nor have they wives of their own; they do not have to work for t …

Vakkali

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of never relinquishing energy, whether ill or happy, while meditating in the forest. Thag.350–354 The Buddha declared him foremost among those of implicit …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of his delight to be meditating in nature. Thag.13

There is a separate verse also ascribed to a Vacchagotta on the same theme. Thag.113

The Vaṃsas and their country. It lay to the south of Kosala, and its capital was Kosambī on the Yamunā. Udena, son of Parantapa, was its king in the time of the Buddha.

Avanti lay to the south of th …

VeḷukaṇṭakīVeḷukaṇḍakīVeḷukaṇḍakiyāVeḷukaṇṭakiyā

A lady of Veḷukaṇṭa. She is mentioned as an exemplary lay woman.AN.i.88 AN.ii.164 AN.i.26 SN.ii.236 She founded, for the Order headed by Sāriputta and …

A class of non human beings generally described as non-human. They are mentioned with Devas, Rakkhasas, Dānavas, Gandhabbas, Kinnaras, and Mahoragas (? Nāgas).

Elsewhere AN.ii.38 they rank, in progr …

ĀjīvakāĀjīvikā

A class of naked ascetics, Vin.i.291 followers of Makkhali Gosāla, regarded, from the Buddhist point of view, as the worst of sophists. Numerous references to the Ājīvakas are to be fo …

A deva who visited the Buddha at Veḷuvana accompanied by Asama, Sahali, Ninka, Vetambarī and Mānava-Gāmiya. Ākoṭaka spoke before the Buddha in praise of various teachers of other schools: Pakuddha-K …

A shipwright, who, with three hundred others, was sent by Mahosadha to the Upper Ganges to secure timber wherewith to build three hundred ships in preparation for Mahosadha’s visit to the capital of P …

A city in Uttarakuru, mentioned with Kusināṭā, Parakusināṭā and Nātāpuriyā. DN.iii.200

5town

paráznaság

előírásoktól és szertartásoktól függés

future fate, condition in one’s next rebirth.

in a future state; in the next existence.

preparation; development; performance; accumulation of motive force (as a result of action), impetus.

abhiññā¹

absol.

abhiññā²

feminine (& ~a m.?)

1. higher or special knowledge; true understanding.
2. a special or supernatural power or knowledge (five (or six): iddhividhā, …

prep

1. as prefix to nouns (adjectives, adverbs) expresses: superiority, abundance.
2. as preverb to verbs and their derivatives expresses: up to, towards, into; over, above; in addition to.
3. as se …

overgrowing, dominating, parasitical.

grows in and up over (as a parasite); spreads over, dominates.

(formally) repudiated; separated, estranged

in many ways; in a manifold way; with several parallel expressions

incomparable, peerless; excellent, best

not open to criticism, not censurable

anu-

ind.

1. as prefix and preverb expresses: with, along; after, behind; subordinate to, inferior to; according to, in conformity with; severally one after the other; repeatedly
2. as separate pre …

incomparable, peerless; excellent, best

incomparable, excellent

without another, matchless.

incomparable, peerless; excellent, best

another, a further, one more; following, subsequent; later; western.

aparaddha¹

mfn. destroyed, disappeared.

aparaddha²

pp mfn.

1. (act.) having missed (the mark); having fallen short of (acc.); having done wrong (to) or offended against (loc. …

misses (one’s aim), fails; wrongs or offends against (+acc., gen/dat. or loc).

on the following day.

which occurred on the previous day

the future; a future or final state

who theorizes about the future

holding (false) views concerning the future

holding (false) views concerning the future

grandchildren and descendants

one after another; various; following

to and fro; again and again; more and more

again, further, moreover

vegetables.

lets (something) go wrong or fail; neglects

offending; criminal.

offending; criminal.

missed; done wrongly; neglected

(one) who has offended or committed a fault, who has fallen short (of).

reproach; disparagement.

dismisses; rebukes, reproaches; disparages

(from apasādeti) one who rebukes; one who disparages.

(from apasādeti) one who rebukes; one who disparages.

dismisses; rebukes, reproaches; disparages

dismissed; rebuked; disparaged

with little or no passion or impurity

being by nature free from passion

and further

attha¹

m rarely neuter

1. aim, purpose, goal; advantage, profit, benefit.
2. use, need, want (+ instr.).
3. 1. affair, concern, business; problem; thing, matter; (with verbs of saying, a …

worth at the most four kaṃsas.

indeclinable (never at beginning of sentence or phrase), if (usually with present indicative or opt., so even for conditions in the past); no ce, if not; yam ce, (after comparative) than; than that.

becomes stiff or rigid; is paralyzed (with fear); (but apparently understood also as shakes)

stiffened, benumbed, paralyzed (with fear); (but apparently understood also as) shaking.

stiffness, paralysis, rigidity (through fear)

umbrella; sunshade; a parasol; a parasol erected on a thūpa; a parasol as a sign of sovereignty; esp. as part of the regalia of a king; chattaṃ ussāpetuṃ, to raise the royal parasol (equivalent to …

parasol.

carrying a parasol.

with a parasol in one’s hand.

indeclinable for six nights at the most.

those who hold the chowry and parasol.

punishment; a penance; reparation.

dependent on a stick.

who disparages the devas.

1. 1. how the world of experience works, the processes by which it works and is explained (especially as formulated in cattāri ariyasaccānī and paṭiccasamuppāda), and the possibility and way of transc …

hard or dangerous to approach; difficult to attack; difficult to be met with, unparalleled.

holding two opinions; separated into two sides.

eka-m-eka

pron. & mfn.

1. each (one), each separate (one); one by one; (repeated:) each… one each….
2. any one (of several), one or the other; just one; a single one

num. & mfn.

1. 1. one; only one; a single; one of two or many.
   2. one only, one and the same.
   3. (indefinite:) one, a certain; a, an.

2. alone; solitary.

3. one and only, unique; preeminent. 4 …

1. on one side, on one part; on each side; to one side; separately.
2. all on one side, in one body; together.

ekato … ekato …

(?) on one side …; on the other side …

1. sitting alone; being alone, being separate.
2. one seat, a single seat; the same seat

having this (which usually follows) as their highest limit, i.e. only as good as this, no better than this; only as great as this, no more than this

as well as, only as well as, on as much as

now; a this time; nowadays, at the present time; esp. (a) in relation to the past and/or future; parallel (in direct speech) to tena kho pana samayena (+ historic present).

having such as its highest limit, i.e. only as good as such, only so great

only to such an extent, only as greatly

1. womb of humans and animals.
2. the fetus.
3. an inner room or an apartment; (in a vihara) a separate room or cell.

the impetus or determination to go; preparations for going.

having or wanting nothing more than (mere) food and clothing.

from now on; after this

like, as; as if, as it were; (a) sometimes combined with a preceding vowel; b) sometimes separated from a preceding vowel by a sandhi consonant, in which case a preceding long vowel is sometimes short …

paralyzing the tongue by means of a spell.

attaining to light or splendor.

kapalla¹

neuter a bowl (of earthenware); an alms-bowl; a cooking-pan; a piece of earthenware.

kapalla²

neuter lampblack, soot (used as eye preparation).

the elbow.

kaṭhina

neuter a framework (covered with a mat) to which the cloth for making robes was attached while being sewn; esp. kaṭhinaṃ attharati

1. spreads or covers the kaṭhina, i.e. makes a robe u …

1. a prop, a support.
2. stiffness; paralysis.

propping; making stiff; paralyzing; (or obstructing, hindering (?))

props, supports; paralyzes, makes stiff (with fear); obstructs, hinders

props, supports; paralyzes, makes stiff (with fear); obstructs, hinders

makes to remove; makes to separate away.

nindāvyārosa-upārambhabhaya

mfn. fear of fault-finding, insult and criticism.

nindāvyārosana-upārambhabhaya

neuter

separates oneself from; repudiates; rejects; removes.

goes out, departs; escapes from; is rid of, is separated from.

going out, departure; escape; separation (from), riddance; means, remedy to get rid of or counteract something.

connected with, conducive to, separation, getting rid of, escape.

(who has) gone out, left; separated (from); rid of, free from

nānatta¹

neuter various; different; separated.

nānatta²

neuter abstr. diversity, variety; difference.

is separated; is different, is distinct.

indeclinable variously, differently; separately; different, separate; various, of various kinds (frequently iic); (difference, diversity (?))

being apart; separation; difference, diversity.

difference; distinction; separation.

who belongs to a different community (for carrying out official acts of the saṅgha); who is separated from the saṅgha community.

in a limited way, within bounds; directed to limited or defined objects; individually, separately; partly

having fallen behind; left behind; separated from; falling back

throws down, casts down; subdues, controls; disparages.

the state of being an uparāja, vice royalty)

open to criticism, censurable.

the nearer and farther shore.

attaining to darkness.

having that as one’s chief object, totally engaged with that

who scorns or disparages (the element of fire)

stiff, rigid; hard; paralyzed, senseless; stiff or puffed-up with pride or anger.

measurable; comparable.

equal to; of the same kind; similar; comparable.

draws out, pulls out, extracts; rescues; picks out, separates, selects; cites; removes, puts away; digs up; pulls up, elevates, raises.

raising; picking up; selecting; extracting; separating; removing.

comparison, similarity, likeness; object of comparison; simile; exemplification; parable.

(from uparāja) the state of being an uparāja, viceroyalty.

ceased, stopped; quiet; dead; having given up, abstaining (from).

criticized; challenged, confuted

reproof, criticism, faultfinding; argumentative challenge.

critical, finding fault, captious

criticizes, finds fault; challenges, confutes.

useful for argumentative challenge, thinking it useful for argumentative challenge

the succession of teachers

incomparable; preeminence; excellence

who scorns or disparages (the element of) water

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

separateness, distinction; schism

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

not united, not mingled together (as is a plait of hair or the confluence of rivers); separate; specific, particular

or mfn. separately, apart; or not united, separate

residence practice (the practice of several residences holding separate uposathas within the same boundary)

succession of residences or dwellings

to all the dwellings in succession

paralysis of the thighs (through fear)

paralysis of the thighs (through fear)

Abhibhāyatana: the 8 ‘stages of mastery’, are powers to be obtained by means of the kasina-exercises see: kasina. In the Com. to M. 77, where āyatana is explained by ‘means’ kārana it is sa …

Abhiññā: The 6 ‘higher powers’, or supernormal knowledge’s, consist of 5 mundane lokiya powers attainable through the utmost perfection in mental concentration samādhi and one supra-mundane * …

Adherence: parāmāsa clinging or attachment.

…iddhi magical power of determination’ see: iddhi, adhitthāna - pāramī perfection of resolution’ see: pāramī.

Anattā: No-self, egolessness, soullessness, impersonality, absence of identity, is the last of the 3 universal characteristics of existence ti-lakkhana. This anattā doctrine, which only is t …

Anuloma-citta: ‘adaptation-moment of consciousness’, denotes the third of the 4 moments of impulsion javana flashing up immediately before either reaching the absorptions jhāna or the supra\ …

Aparāpariya-vedanīya-kamma: ‘kamma bearing fruits in later births’; see: kamma.

Ariya-puggala: or simply Ariya: Noble Ones, noble persons:
The 8, Ariya = Noble Ones are those who have realized one of the 8 stages of Nobility, i.e. the 4 supra-mundane paths magga …

Asankhārika-citta: An Abhidhamma term signifying a ’state of consciousness arisen spontaneously, i. e. without previous deliberation, preparation, or prompting by others; hence: ’unprepared, unpr …

Attachments: see: parāmāsa

Attā: Self, ego, personality, soul, is in Buddhism a mere conventional expression vohāradesanā, and not a designation for anything really existing; see: paramattha-desanā, anattā, puggala, satta, jīva.

Avacara: S phere, realm, level or dimension. The 3 levels of existence are: the sense-level kāmāvacara, the fine-material level rūpāvacara, the formless level arūpāvacara. Which things are …

Avijjā: I gnorance, nescience, the blindness of not knowing, is synonymous with confusion moha (see mūla ), is the primary & deepest root of all evil and suffering in the world, veiling man’s …

Bhavanga-sota: and Bhavanga-citta: The first term may tentatively be rendered as the ‘undercurrent forming the condition of being, or existence’, and the second as ‘subconsciousness’, though …

…are the 10 perfections pāramī.

There is a threefold classification of enlightenment: 1. that of a Noble Disciple sāvaka-bodhi. i.e. of…

Cetanā: ‘intention’, will, is one of the seven mental properties cetasika inseparably bound up with all consciousness, namely sensorial or mental contact phassa feeling vedanā perception *sa …

Energy: viriya, further see: bojjhanga, bala, pāramī

Gantha: ‘ties’.;There are 4 ties: the bodily tie kāyagantha of covetousness abhijjhā of ill-will vyāpāda, of clinging to rule and ritual sīlabbata-parāmāsa of dogmatical fanaticism *idam …

Grasping: cf. parāmāsa, upādāna.

Iddhi-pāda: ‘roads to power’ or success are the 4 following qualities,,for as guides, they indicate the road to power connected therewith; and because they form, by way of preparation, the roads …

[[inseparable mental factors]]Inseparable mental properties: the 7 i. m. f.: in all consciousness: see: cetanā phassa nāma.

Javana: fr. javati to impel: ‘impulsion’, is the phase of full cognition in the cognitive series, or perceptual process citta-vīthi see. viññāna-kicca occurring at its climax, if the respe …

Jīvita: and Jīvitindriya: ‘Life, vitality’, may be either physical rūpa - jīvitindriya or mental nāma - jīvitindriya The latter is one of the mental properties inseparably associated …

Pacceka-buddha: an ‘Solitarily Enlightened One’; or Separately or Individually = pacceka Enlightened One renderings by ‘Silent’ or ‘Private Buddha’ are not very apt. This is a term for an Araha …

Pada-parama: ‘one for whom the words are the utmost attainment’.;Whoever, though having learned much, speaking much, knowing many things by heart, and discoursing much, has not penetrated the tru …

Paramattha: sacca - vacana - Desanā ‘truth or term, exposition that is true in the highest or ultimate sense’, as contrasted with the ‘conventional truth’ vohāra - sacca which is also …

…from the latter, the 10 pāramī are mentioned in only two other canonical works which are probably apocryphal, the Buddhavamsa in the Story…

Paranimmita-vasavatti-deva: ‘divine beings with power over the productions of others’, constitute a class of divine beings in the sense-sphere kāma-loka. Māra is said to be their ruler. Cf. …

[[parassa ceto-pariya-ñāna]]Parassa ceto-pariya-ñāna: ‘penetration of the mind of others’, is one of the higher powers abhiññā.

Parikamma-nimitta: ‘preparatory image’; see: nimitta, kasina.

Parikamma: ‘preparatory-moment’: see: javana

Parikamma-samādhi: ‘preparatory concentration’, is the initial and still undeveloped concentration of mind; see: samādhi

Parāmāsa: ‘adherence’, attachment, ‘misapprehension’, is according to Vis.M XXII a name for wrong views; in that sense it occurs in Dhs. 1174 ff. - See sīlabbata-parāmāsa.

Paticcasamuppāda: ‘dependent origination’, is the doctrine of the conditionality of all physical and psychical phenomena, a doctrine which, together with that of impersonality anattā, forms the …

Patience: or forbearance khanti one of the 10 perfections pāramī, .

…see: bala one of the 3 kinds of training sikkhā, and one of the perfections see: pāramī For further details, see: vipassanā and…

Perfections: the 10: pāramī

[[preparatory concentration]]Preparatory concentration: and preparatory image, etc.: see: samādhi javana

Puggala: ‘individual’, ‘person’, as well as the synonyms: personality, individuality, being satta self attā etc., in short all terms designating a personal entity, hence also: I, you, he, man, …

Puñña: merit, meritorious, is a popular term for kammically advantageous kusala action. Opposite terms: apuñña = demerit. pāpa = ‘bad’, ‘evil’. The value of meritorious action is often stres …

Tathāgata: the ‘Perfect One’, lit. the one who has ‘thus gone’, or ‘thus come’, is an epithet of the Buddha used by him when speaking of himself.

To the often asked questions, whether the Tathāga …

A-¹

the prep. ā shortened before double cons., as akkosati (ā + kruś), akkhāti (ā + khyā), abbahati (ā + bṛh)

Best to be classed here is the a- we call expletive. …

1. filled MN.i.387 (paripuṇṇa +); Dhp-a.iv.182 (pañca jātisatāni a.).
2. abbocchinna*, a + vi + ava + chinna] uninterrupted, constant, as -ṃ adv. in comb^n. wi …

talk, phrasing, expression Snp.49 (vācâbhilāpa making phrases, talking, idle or objectionable speech = tiracchanakathā Cnd.561); Iti.89 (? reading abhilāpāyaṃ uncertain, vv.ll. abhipāyaṃ abhipāpāyaṃ a …

“settling in”, i.e. wishing for, tendency towards (-˚) inclination, adherence; as adj. liking, loving, being given or inclined to DN.iii.230; MN.i.136, MN.i.251; SN.ii.17; SN.iii.10 SN.iii.13, SN.iii …

to cling to, adhere to, be attached to Mnd.308, Mnd.309 (parāmasati +)
pp abhiniviṭṭha; cp. also abhinivesa.

abhi + nivisati

adjective “settled in”, attached to, clinging on Cnd.152 (gahita parāmaṭṭha a.); Pv-a.267 (= ajjhāsita Pv.iv.8#4).

abhi + niviṭṭha, pp. of abhi-nivisati

adjective of perfect form, (very), handsome, beautiful, lovely Snp.410 (= dassaniya’ angapaccanga Snp-a.383); Ja.i.207; Pp.52; DN-a.i.281 (aññehi manussehi adhikarūpa); Vv-a.53; Pv-a.61 (abhikkant …

adjective only as adv. f. ˚nī. Epithet of vācā scolding abusing, cursing AN.v.265 (para˚). Cp. next.

abstr. fr. abhisajjati in meaning of abhisanga 2

the highest enlightenment Ja.i.14 (parama˚). Cp. abhisambujjhana and (sammā-) sambodhi.

abhi + sambodhi

future lot, fate, state after death, future condition of rebirth; usually in foll phrases: kā gati ko abhisamparāyo (as hendiadys) ʻwhat fate in the world-to-come’, DN.ii.91; Vin.i.293; SN.iv.59 S …

1. putting forth, performance, doing, working, practice: only in two comb^ns., viz
   1. gamiya˚; (or gamika˚) a heathenish practice Vin.i.233; AN.iv.180, &
   2. iddha˚; (= iddḥi˚) work …

Abhiññā¹

feminine Rare in the older texts. It appears in two contexts. Firstly, certain conditions are said to conduce (inter alia) to serenity, to special knowledge (abhiññā), to specia …

adjective not real, false, not true, usually as nt. ˚ṃ falsehood, lie, deceit Snp.387; Iti.37; instr abhūtena falsely DN.i.161.

• -vādin one who speaks falsely or tells lies Snp …

adjective & adverb ˚-

1. uninterrupted, continuous, perpetual Ja.i.223; Mil.413; Vv-a.71; Pv-a.73, Pv-a.125, Pv-a.266; Sdhp.288.
2. final, absolute, complete; adv. thoroughly SN.i.130 (˚ṃ hatapu …

adjective

1. going beyond the limits (of proper behaviour), too self-sure, overbearing, arrogant, proud SN.i.239 (variant reading accayasara caused by prolepsis of foll. accaya); Ja.iv.6 (atisara); …

adjective (-˚) subject, dependent DN.i.72 (atta˚ & para˚;); Ja.iv.112; DN-a.i.217; also written ādhīna Ja.v.350. See also under para.

cp. Sk. adhīna

past participle that which is not given, freq. in phrase adinn’ ādāna (BSk. adattādāna Divy.302 seizing or grasping that which is not given to one i.e. stealing, is the 2^nd of the ten qua …

snake Vin.ii.109; DN.i.77; SN.iv.198; AN.iii.306 sq.; AN.iv.320; AN.v.289; Mnd.484; Vism.345 (+ kukkura etc.); Vv-a.100; Pv-a.144.

• -kuṇapa the carcase of a snake Vin.iii.68 …

SN.v.218: substitute variant reading accasara (q.v.).

1. minor conduct (conduct of a bhikkhu as to those minor rules not included in the Pārājikas or Saṃghādisesas) Vin.i.63 (see note in Vin. Texts, i.184.
2. flirtation Vin.iii.128 (in the Old Cy as ex …

Akkha¹

the axle of a wheel DN.ii.96; SN.v.6; AN.i.112; Ja.i.109, Ja.i.192; Ja.v.155 (akkhassa phalakaṃ yathā; C.: suvaṇṇaphalakaṃ viya, i.e. shiny, like the polished surface of an axle …

adjective having (a shore) neither on this side nor beyond Mil.319.

an + ora + pāra

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

orig. meaning “experience, concomitance” and found only in compounds as-˚, in meaning “experiencing the sensation of or belonging to, experience of, accordance with”, e.g. maha˚ sensation of greatnes …

adjective “nothing higher”, without a superior, incomparable, second to none, unsurpassed, excellent, preeminent Snp.234 (= adhikassa kassaci abhāvato Kp-a.193), 1003; Dhp.23, Dhp.55 (= asadisa appaṭ …

1. to pierce or be pierced, to be struck or hurt with (instr.) Ja.vi.439
2. to be affected with, to fall into, to incur Dhp-a.iii.380 (aparādhaṃ)

pp anuviddha (q.v.).

anu + vyadh

1. blaming, censure, admonition Vin.ii.5 Vin.ii.32; AN.ii.121 (atta˚, para˚); Vb.376.
2. in comb^n. vādānuvāda: talk and lesser or additional talk, i.e. “small talk” (see *[anu](/define/an …

Anuvāta¹

a forward wind, the wind that blows from behind, a favourable wind; -ṃ adv. with the wind, in the direction of the wind (opp. paṭivātaṃ) AN.i.226 (˚paṭiv …

Apa˚

Well-defined directional prefix, meaning “away from, off” Usually as base-prefix (except with ā), & very seldom in comp^n. with other modifying prefixes (like sam, abhi etc.).

1. *a …

adjective another, i.e. additional, following next, second (with pron. inflexion, i.e. nom. pl apare) DN.iii.190 (˚pajā another, i.e. future generation) Snp.791, Snp.1089 (n’); Ja.i.59 (aparaṃ divasaṃ …

missed (c. acc.), gone wrong, failed, sinned (against = loc.) DN.i.91, DN.i.103, DN.i.180; SN.i.103 (suddhimaggaṃ); Thag.78; Snp.891 (suddhiṃ viraddha khalita Mnd.300); Pv-a.195.

pp. of aparajjhati

to sin or offend against (c. loc.) Vin.ii.78 = Vin.iii.161; Ja.v.68; Ja.vi.367; Mil.189; Pv-a.263
pp aparaddha & aparādhita; (q.v.).

Sk. aparādhyate, apa + rādh

adverb on the foll. day Vin.ii.167; SN.i.186; Mil.48.

Sk. apare-dyus

adjective not dependent or relying on others Vin.i.12 (vesārajja-ppatta +); DN.i.110 (id.); MN.ii.41; MN.i.491; SN.iii.83; DN-a.i.278 (nâssa paro paccayo).

a + para + paccaya

“the other kind of cereal”, prepared or cooked cereals, pulse etc. Opp. to pubbaṇṇa the unprepared or raw corn (= āmakadhañña Vin.iv.265; Vin.iii.151 (pubb˚ +); Vin.iv.265, Vin.iv.267; AN.iv.108, AN. …

sin, fault, offence, guilt Ja.i.264 (nir˚); Ja.iii.394; Ja.iv.495; Vv-a.69; Pv-a.87, Pv-a.116.

fr. apa + rādh

adjective guilty, offending, criminal Ja.ii.117 (vāja˚); Mil.149 (issara˚), Mil.189 (aparādhikatā).

fr. aparādha, cp. Sk. aparādhin

transgressed, sinned, failing Ja.v.26 (so read for aparadh’ ito).

pp. of aparādheti, Caus. of apa + rādh; cp. aparaddha

adjective unconquered Snp.269; Ja.i.71, Ja.i.165.

Vedic aparājita; a + parājita

adjective having no support Ja.iii.386 (f. -ī; C. appatiṭṭhā appaṭisaraṇā).

a + parāyin, cp. parāyana

1. leaning against Ja.ii.69 (tālamūlaṃ = nissāya ṭhita C.).
2. depending on, trusting in (c. acc. or loc.) Vv.10#1 (parâgāraṃ = nissita Vv-a.101); Ja.iv.25 (balamhi = balanissita). See also avassita. …

putting down, blame, disparagement MN.iii.230.

fr. apa + sad

1. to refuse, decline Vin.iv.213, Vin.iv.263; Ja.v.417 (= uyyojeti).
2. to depreciate blame, disparage Vin.iii.101; MN.iii.230 (opp. ussādeti) DN-a.i.160

pp *[apasādita](/defin …

blamed, reproached, disparaged SN.ii.219; Snp-a.541.

pp. of apasādeti

adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expl^d. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see *[a …

adjective not corrupt, faultless, of good behaviour Snp.662 (= padosâbhāvena a. Snp-a.478) Dhp.137 (= niraparādha Dhp-a.iii.70).

a + paduṭṭha

adjective not having a counterpart, unequalled, incomparable Dhp-a.i.423 (= anuttara).

a + paṭibhāga

adjective matchless, incomparable, invaluable Thag.614; Mil.239.

a + paṭima fr. prep. paṭi but cp. Vedic apratimāna fr. prati + mā

adjective not having it’s equal, incomparable Ja.i.94 (Baddha-sirī).

a + paṭi = sama; cp. BSk. apratisama Mvu.i.104

(and -iya) adjective

1. what cannot be put together again, unmendable irreparable (˚iya) Pv.i.12#9 (= puna pākatiko na hoti Pv-a.66) = Ja.iii.167 (= paṭipākatiko kātuṃ na sakkā C.).
2. incapable …

…as bāhirāni cha āyatanāni Dhp-a.iv.141). See pāra & cp. avara.

a + pāra

adjective that which cannot be achieved, unattainable Ja.vi.36 (= apāpetabba).

grd. of paraneti + a˚

“going away” viz.

1. separation, loss Dhp.211 (piya˚ = viyoga Dhp-a.iii.276).
2. loss (of property) DN.iii.181, DN.iii.182; AN.ii.166; AN.iv.283; Ja.iii.387 (atth˚).
3. leakage, out flow (of water) …

adjective noun Before Buddhism used as honorific title of high officials like the English ʻHis Worship’; at the rise of Buddhism applied popularly to all ascetics (Dial. iii.3–⁠6). Adopted by the Bu …

adjective incomparable, not having its like Dhp-a.ii.89; Dhp-a.iii.120 (˚dāna).

a + sadisa

Asama¹

adjective unequal, incomparable Ja.i.40 (+ appaṭipuggala); Sdhp.578 (+ atula). Esp. freq. in cpd -dhura lit. carrying more than an equal burden, of incomparable strength, very …

not coming together, not meeting, separation Ja.v.233.

a + samosaraṇa

dissociation, separation from society, seclusion Snp.207.

a + santhava

1. (lit.) breathing, esp. breathing out (so Vism.272), exhalation, opp. to passāsa inhalation, with which often comb^d. or contrasted; thus as cpd. assāsa-passāsa mea …

indeclinable copulative & adversative part.

1. after positive clauses, in enumerations, in the beginning & continuation of a story: and, and also, or and then, now DN.ii.2; DN.iii.152, DN.iii.199 (*a …

indeclinable adv. and prep of direction (forward motion), in primary meaning “on and further”, then “up to and beyond”.

I. in abstr position

adverbially (only as ttg.): in excess, extremel …

to injure, destroy, kill; only in the stock phrase pāṇaṃ atimāpeti (with variant reading atipāteti) to destroy life, to kill DN.i.52 (variant reading ˚pāteti) = DN-a.i.159 (: pāṇaṃ hanati pi parehi …

adjective beyond compare, incomparable Thag.831 = Snp.561 (= tulaṃ atīto nirupamo ti attho Snp-a.455).

ati + tula

atta (the latter is the form used in comp^n.)

I. Inflection

1. of attan- (n. stem); the foll. cases are the most freq:
   ■ acc. attānaṃ DN.i.13, DN.i.18 …

Attha¹

(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter

1. interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …

Avakappanā & okappanā

feminine preparation, fixing up, esp. harnessing Ja.vi.408.

ava + kappanā

adverb certainly, definitely, absolutely, perfectly, expl^d. by Bdhgh. as acala (on DN.ii.217), or as paññāya ajjhogahetvā (on Snp.229); by Dhp. as apara-paccaya-bhāvena (on Pv.iv.1#25)
…

ignorance; the main root of evil and of continual rebirth (see paṭicca-samuppāda, cp. SN.ii.6, SN.ii.9, SN.ii.12; Snp.p.141 & many other passages) See on term; Cpd. 83 n. 3, 18 …

pronoun demonstr. pron. “this, he”; f. ayaṃ; nt. idaṃ & imaṃ “this, it” etc. This pron. combines in its inflection two stems, viz. as˚; (ayaṃ in nom. m. & f.) & im˚; (id in nom. nt.).

I. Form …

pronoun another etc

A. By itself

1. other not the same, different, another, somebody else (opp oneself) Vin.iii.144 (aññena, scil. maggena, gacchati to take a different route); Snp.459, Sn …

Aḍḍha¹

(& addha) one half, half; usually in comp^n. (see below), like diyaḍḍha 1 1/2 (˚sata 150) Pv-a.155 (see as to meaning Stede, Peta Vatthu p. 107). Note. aḍḍha is nev …

(food, cereal). See passages under aparaṇṇa & pubbaṇṇa.

adjective strong, powerful, sturdy MN.i.244 (purisa) SN.i.222; Ja.ii.406; Dhp-a.ii.208; Vv-a.35; Pv-a.94. Comparative balavatara Mil.131; f. -a(n)tarī Sdhp.452. In compound balava˚; e.g. *- …

adjective

1. bond, fetter Iti.56 (abandho Mārassa, not a victim of M.) Mnd.328 (taṇhā˚, diṭṭhi˚); Thag-a.241.
2. one who binds or ties together, in assa˚; horsekeeper, groom Ja.ii.98; Ja.v.441, Ja …

to bind etc.

I. Forms

imper bandha DN.ii.350; pl. bandhantu Ja.i.153.
pot bandheyya SN.iv.198; Vin.iii.45
fut bandhayissati Mhvs.24.6;
aor abandhi Ja.iii. …

to bear, support, feed maintain Ja.v.260 (mama bharatha, ahaṃ bhattā bhavāmi vo; C. explains as “maṃ icchatha”)
pp bhata See also bhaṭa, bhara, bharita, and Der. fr. bhār˚. A curi …

fear, fright, dread AN.ii.15 (jāti-maraṇa˚); DN.iii.148, DN.iii.182; Dhp.39, Dhp.123, Dhp.212 sq., Dhp.283; Mnd.371, Mnd.409; Pp.56; Vism.512; Kp-a.108; Snp-a.155; Dhp-a.iii.23. There are some len …

1. (trs. & intrs.) to break Vin.i.74 (phāsukā bhañjitabbā ribs to be broken); Dhp.337 (mā bhañji = mā bhañjatu C.). Pv.ii.9#3 (sākhaṃ bhañjeyya = chindeyya Pv-a.114); Pv-a.277 (akkho bhañji the axle …

an almsman, a mendicant, a Buddhist monk or priest, a bhikkhu.
■ nom. sg. bhikkhu freq. passim; Vin.iii.40 (vuḍḍhapabbajita); AN.i.78 (thera bh., an elder bh.; and nava bh. …

food, meal, nourishment in general Ja.ii.218; Ja.iv.103, Ja.iv.173; Ja.i.178; Ja.iv.223; Snp.102 Snp.128, Snp.242, Snp.366, Snp.667; Dhp.7, Dhp.70; Pp.21, Pp.55; Mil.370 Vism.69, Vism.106; Sdhp.52, Sd …

1. part, portion, fraction, share Vin.i.285; Snp.427 (sahassa-bhāgo maraṇassa = sahassaṃ bhāgānaṃ assā ti Snp-a.387; a thousand times a share of death, i.e. very near death, almost quite dead), Snp. …

Bhājana¹

neuter a bowl, vessel, dish, usually earthenware, but also of other metal, e.g. gold (suvaṇṇa˚) DN-a.i.295; copper (tamba˚ Dhp-a.i.395; bronze (kaṃsa˚) Vism.142 (in simile). Vin …

tittle-tattle SN.i.200 = Thag.119. Mrs. Rh. D. (Brethren 106 n.) trsl “finglefangle,” noting the commentator’s paraphrase “vilivilikriyā” (lit. sticky-sticky-action?).

onomat. cp. E. babble

…are the 10 perfections (pāramiyo), i.e. dāna˚, sīla˚, nekkhamma˚, paññā˚, viriya˚, khanti˚; sacca˚, adhiṭṭhāna˚, mettā˚,…

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

…the 10 perfections (pāramitā q.v.) for many ages, & finally descended from the Tusita Heaven (see Buddhavaṃsa). He was born in a…

Vyābādha & byābādha

oppression, injury, harm, hurting; usually in phrase atta˚ & para˚; (disturbing the peace of others of oneself) MN.i.89; SN.iv.339; AN.i.114, AN.i.157, AN.i.216; AN.ii.179-Also …

evil, wrong, hurt; usually referred to as 3 fold: atta˚, para˚, ubhaya˚, or against oneself against others, & both-MN.i.416; SN.iv.159 (vyā˚), SN.iv.339.

vy + ā + bādh

1. the array or arrangement of troops in particular positions, order of parade or battle DN-a.i.85. Three formations of troops are mentioned at Ja.ii.404 & Ja.ii.406, viz. paduma-vyūha (lotus format …

1. the arm AN.ii.67 = AN.iii.45 (˚bala); Vin.ii.105; Ja.iii.62; Ja.v.215 (˚mudu). pacchā-bāhaṃ arm(s) behind (his back) DN.i.245 (gāḷhabandhanaṃ baddha). bāhaṃ pasāreti to stretch out the arm DN. …

adjective strong; only as adv. -ṃ and ˚-, viz.

1. bāḷhaṃ strongly, very much, excessively, too much, to satiety Ja.ii.293 Ja.vi.291 (i.e. too often, C. punappunaṃ); Mil.407; Pv-a.274. Comparativ …

1. seed, germ, semen, spawn. Used very frequently in figurative sense: see on similes J.P.T.S. 1907, 116
   ■ DN.i.135 (˚bhatta seed-corn food); DN.iii.44 (the five kinds: see below under ˚gāma) …

(indef. enclitic particle)

1. Indefinite (after demonstr. pron. in the sense of kiṃ = what about? or how is it? cp. kiṃ) = ever, whoever what-ever, etc. [Sk. kaśca, Gr. ὁς τε, Lat: quisque Goth. h …

noun adjective

1. the act of going about, walking; one who walks or lives (usually -˚): oka˚ living in water MN.i.117; Ja.vi.416; antara˚ SN.iv.173; eka˚ solitary Snp.166; saddhiṃ˚ a companion Snp.4 …

Cetasa¹

Name of a tree, perhaps the yellow Myrobalan Ja.v.420.

Cetasa²

adjective only in-˚: sucetasa of a good mind, good-hearted SN.i.4 = SN.i.29, SN.i.46 = SN.i.52; paraph …

to be firm or rigid, fig. to be stiff with fear, paralysed: see chambhin & chambhitatta, Cp. ūrukhambha (under khambha²).

cp. Sk. skabhnāti & stabhnāti; skambh, and …

adjective immovable, rigid; terrified, paralysed with fear SN.i.219; MN.i.19; Ja.iv.310 (variant reading jambhī, here with ref. to one who is bound (stiff with ropes (pāsasatehi chambhī) which is howe …

Only in der. chambhitatta (nt.) the state of being stiff, paralysis, stupefaction consternation, always combined with other expressions of fear, viz. uttāsa SN.v.386; bhaya Ja.i.345 (where spelled cha …

Chatta¹

neuter a sunshade (“parasol” would be misleading. The handle of a chatta is affixed at the circumference, not at the centre as it is in a parasol), a canopy Vin …

to spit out, to vomit, throw away; abandon, leave reject Vin.214 sq.; Vin.iv.265; MN.i.207; SN.i.169 (chaṭṭehi wrongly for chaḍḍehi) = Snp.p.15; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.254, Ja.i.265, Ja.i.292 Ja.v.427; Pp.33; …

cutting, destruction, loss Snp.367 (˚bandhana); Ja.i.419; Ja.i.485; sīsa˚; decapitation Dhp-a.ii.204; Pv-a.5; aṇḍa˚; castration Ja.iv.364; - bhatta ˚ṃ karoti to put on short …

adjective long (of time), usually in compounds & as adv. Either; ciraṃ (acc.) for a long time Snp.678, Snp.730, Snp.1029; Dhp.248; Kp.vii.5; Ja.ii.110; Ja.iv.3; Pv.ii.3#33 or *[cire …

…parisodheti DN.iii.49 anupārambhacitto bhabbo cetaso vikkhepaṃ pahātuṃ AN.v.149; cetaso vūpasamo foll. by vūpasanta-citto AN.i.4;…

…(id.); AN.v.145 sq. (upārambha˚) Vb.372 (id.); Vb.359 (amudu˚); Pv-a.13 (visuddhi˚ noble character); paṭibaddha˚ (in love with)…

plant used for the preparation of perfume Ja.vi.537.

cp. Sk. coraka

1. pp. broken up powdered; only in cpd. -vicuṇṇa crushed to bits smashed up, piecemeal Ja.i.73; Ja.ii.120, Ja.ii.159, Ja.ii.216; Ja.iii.74
2. (nt.)
   1. any hard substance ground into a powder dus …

adjective

1. a preparation of chunam, paint (for the face, mukha˚) DN.i.7; MN.ii.64 = Thag.771; Ja.v.302
2. powder; cuṇṇakajātāni reduced to powder MN.iii.92 (aṭṭhikāni)
   ■ f. -ikā in cuṇṇikam …

Danta¹

a tooth, a tusk, fang, esp. an elephant’s tusk; ivory Vin.ii.117 (nāga-d. a pin of ivory); Kp ii. (as one of the taca-pañcaka, or 5 dermatic constituents of the body, viz. kesā, l …

adjective fair to behold, beautiful good-looking (= dassituṃ yutta DN-a.i.141), often in formula abhirūpa d. pāsādika paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgəta to express matchless physical beauty: D …

Datta¹

given (-˚ by; often in Np. as Brahmadatta, Deva-datta = Theo-dor. etc.) Snp.217 (para˚ = Snp-a.272 (variant reading dinna).

pp. of dadāti

Datta²

adjective noun stu …

adjective firm, strong, solid; steady, fast nt. adv. very much, hard, strongly DN.i.245; SN.i.77; AN.ii.33; Snp.321 (nāvā), Snp.357, Snp.701, Snp.821 (˚ṃ karoti to strengthen), Snp.966 (id.); Dhp.112; …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

1. discourse, instruction, lesson SN.v.83, SN.v.108; Ja.iii.84; Pp.28; Ne.38; Vism.523 sq (regarding Paṭiccasamuppāda); Pv-a.1, Pv-a.2, Pv-a.9, Pv-a.11; Sdhp.213.
2. Freq. in dhamma˚; moral inst …

god, a divine being; usually in pl. devā the gods. As title attributed to any superhuman being or beings regarded to be in certain respects above the human level. Thus primarily (see 1^a) …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

wealth, usually wealth of money, riches, treasures

1. Lit. DN.i.73 (sa˚); MN.ii.180.; AN.iii.222; AN.iv.4 sq. Cnd.135 (+ yasa, issariya etc.) Thig.464 (+ issariya) Ja.i.225 (paṭhavigataṃ karoti: …

Dhañña¹

neuter grain, corn. The usual enumⁿ comprises 7 sorts of grain, which is however not strictly confined to grain-fruit proper (“corn”) but includes, like other enum ^…

initiated, consecrated, cira˚ initiated long since SN.i.226 = Ja.v.138, Ja.v.139 (where dakkhita q.v.; Com. cira-pabbājita).

Sk. dīkṣita “having commenced the preparatory rites for sacrifice”

nt. only in expression satta divasāni 7 days or a week Ja.iv.139; Mil.15) a day AN.i.206 (˚ṃ atināmeti); Ja.iii.52 (uposatha˚); Pv-a.31 (yāva sattadivasā a week long), Pv-a.74 (sattamo divaso) Usu …

Diṭṭha¹

1. seen; a˚ not seen DN.i.222 (a˚ + avedita asacchikata); MN.i.3 sq. (diṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhato sañjānāti); Snp.147 (diṭṭhā vā ye vā addiṭṭhā), Snp.995 (na me diṭṭho ito pubbe na ssuto… Sat …

view, belief, dogma, theory, speculation, esp. false theory, groundless or unfounded opinion

1. The latter is rejected by the Buddha as pāpa˚; (AN.iv.172) and pāpikā d. (opp bhaddikā: AN.v.212 sq …

… ■ muniṃ d˚assa pārayuṃ SN.i.195 = Cnd.136#v; antagū ‘si pāragū d˚assa Snp.539
■ sang’ ātiko maccujaho…

adjective wicked, lewd Vin.iv.128; SN.i.187 (˚bhāṇin “whose speech is never lewd,” cp. Thag.1217 padulla gāhin, explained as duṭṭhullagāhin Psalms of Brethren 399 n. 3); MN.i.435; MN.iii.159; Vism …

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

1. giving, dealing out, gift; almsgiving liberality, munificence; especially a charitable gift to a bhikkhu or to the community of bhikkhus, the Sangha (cp. deyyadhamma & yañña). As such it constitute …

Dāra & Dārā

feminine a young woman, esp. married woman, wife. As; dārā f. at Cnd.295 (d. vuccati bhariyā & Iti.36; f. also dārī maiden, young girl Pv.i.11#5. Otherwise as dāra (coll-masc.): Dh …

Dāra & Dārā

feminine a young woman, esp. married woman, wife. As; dārā f. at Cnd.295 (d. vuccati bhariyā & Iti.36; f. also dārī maiden, young girl Pv.i.11#5. Otherwise as dāra (coll-masc.): Dh …

Dīpa¹

a lamp Ja.ii.104 (˚ṃ jāleti to light a l.); Dhp-a.ii.49 (id.), Dhp-a.ii.94 (id.)

• -acci the flame of a lamp Thag-a.154;
• -āloka light of …

adjective illustrating, explaining; f. -ī explanation, commentary, Name of several Commentaries, e.g. the Paramattha-dīpanī of Dhammapāla on Th 2; Pv Vv
■ Cp. jotikā & uddīpanā.

perfidy, treachery, Ja.i.412; Ja.iv.57 (variant reading dubhī); Ja.vi.59 (= aparādha).

cp. Sk. dambha, see dubbhati

adjective far distant, remote, opp. āsanna (Ja.ii.154) or santika (Dhs.677; Vism.402)
■ Pv-a.117. Often in compounds (see below), also as dūri˚; e.g. dū …

1. unity DN.i.31.
2. loneliness, solitude, separation Snp.718; Thag.49; Mil.162; Ja.vi.64; Vv-a.202 (= ekībhāva).

abstr. fr. eka

to go, go to, reach; often (= ā + eti) to come back, return Snp.364, Snp.376, Snp.666 (come); Ja.vi.365 (return); ppr. ento Ja.iii.433 (acc. suriyaṃ atthaṃ entaṃ the setting sun); imper 2^{nd</s …}

adjective so much, this much, according to context referring either to deficiency or abundance, thus developing 2 meanings, viz.

1. just as much (& no more), only so little, all this, just this, such …

…anuga, antalikkha˚, ura˚, pāra˚, majjha˚, samīpa˚ hattha˚. It also appears as ˚gu, e.g. in addha˚, anta˚ paṭṭha˚, pāra˚, veda˚…

1. interior, cavity (loc. gabbhe in the midst of: angāra˚ Ja.iii.55); an inner room, private chamber, bedroom, cell. Of a Vihāra Vin.ii.303; Vin.iii.119; Vin.iv.45; Vv-a.188; Vv-a.220
   ■ Ja.i.90 …

…lokaṃ g. Ja.i.152; gacche pāram apārato Snp.1129, in this sense interpreted at Cnd.223 as adhigacchati phusati sacchikaroti, to…

the throat Ja.i.216, Ja.i.264 Ja.iii.26; Ja.iv.494; Ja.i.194 (a dewlap); Pv-a.11, Pv-a.104.

• -agga the top of the throat Sdhp.379;
• -ajjhoharaniya able to be swallowed (of s …

(in BB often misspelt gandha)

1. a bond, fetter, trammel; always fig. and usually referring to and enumerated as the four bodily ties, or knots (kāya˚, see under kāya): SN.v.59 = Dh …

gone, in all meanings of gacchati (q.v.) viz.

1. literal. gone away, arrived at, directed to (c. acc.), opp ṭhita: gate ṭhite nisinne (loc. abs.) when going standing, sitting down (cp. gacchati 1) DN …

1. going, going away, (opp. āgati coming) (both gati & āgati usually in pregnant sense of No. (2) See āgati); direction, course, career. Freq of the two careers of a Mahāpurisa (viz. either a Cakkavat …

adjective = gatika

1. going, i.e. having a certain course: sabbā nadī vankagatī “every river flows crooked” Ja.i.289.
2. having a certain gati, fated destined, esp. in su˚ & dug˚: samparāye suggatī g …

…-˚) DN.i.95 (tāṇa˚, etc.); Dhp.99 (kāma˚), Dhp.245 (suci˚), Dhp.355 (pāra˚); Cnd.503 (in expl. of mahesi, with esin pariyesin); Bdhd 59.

ball for playing. The SS spelling is in all places bheṇḍuka, which has been taken into the text by the editors of J. and Dhs-a. The misspelling is due to a misreading of Singhal …

adjective noun a householder, one who leads a domestic life, a layman (opp. pabbajita & paribbājaka). Geu. sg. gihissa (DN.iii.147, DN.iii.167) & gihino (DN.iii.174); n. pl. gihī; in compounds *gihī …

[cp. Sk. gaurava, fr. garu] reverence, respect, esteem; with loc. respect for reverence towards; in the set of six venerable objects Buddhe [Satthari], Dhamme, Sanghe, sikkhāya, appamāde paṭisanthāre …

…in. See addha˚, anta˚ chanda˚, dhamma˚, paṭṭha˚, pāra, veda˚.

fr. gam, cp. ˚ga

pea MN.i.245; Ja.v.405 (= aparaṇṇajā ti 406); Ja.vi.537; hareṇuka-yūsa pea-soup MN.i.245 (one of the 4 kinds of soup).

cp. Sk. hareṇukā

adjective

1. green, pale(-green), yellowish. It is explained by Dhpāla as nīla (e.g. Vv-a.197; Pv-a.158), and its connotation is not fixed
   ■ Vin.i.137; DN.i.148; SN.i.5; Ja. …

adverb yesterday Vin.i.28; Vin.ii.77; Ja.i.70, Ja.i.237; Ja.v.461 Ja.vi.352, Ja.vi.386; Mil.9. In sequence ajja hiyyo pare it seems to mean “to-morrow”; thus at Vin.iv.63, Vin.iv.69; Ja.iv.481 (= s …

Ida & Idaṃ

indeclinable emphatic demonstr. adv. in local, temporal & modal function, as

1. in this, here: idappaccayatā having its foundation in this, i.e. causally connec …

Ida & Idaṃ

indeclinable emphatic demonstr. adv. in local, temporal & modal function, as

1. in this, here: idappaccayatā having its foundation in this, i.e. causally connec …

There is no single word in English for Iddhi, as the idea is unknown in Europe. The main sense seems to be ʻpotency’.

1. Pre-Buddhistic; the Iddhi of a layman The four Iddhis of a king are personal …

…this N.), Snp.1130 (aparā pāraṃ gaccheyya tasmā “Parāyanaṃ” iti)

III. Peculiarities of spelling

1. in comb^n.…

indeclinable adv. of succession or motion in space & time “from here”. “from now”.

1. with ref. to space:
   1. from here, from this, often implying the present existence (in opp. to the “other” worl …

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

adjective (˚-) old, decayed (in disparaging sense), wretched, miserable; -ūdapānaṃ a spoilt well Ja.iv.387; -gava = ˚goṇa Pv.i.81; -goṇa [cp. Sk. jaradgava] a …

vanquishing, overcoming, victory DN.i.10; Snp.681; Ja.ii.406; opp. parājaya Vism.401.

• -ggaha the lucky die Ja.iv.322 (= kaṭaggaha, q.v.)
• -parājaya victory & defeat Dhp.2 …

(jeti, jināti) to conquer, surpass; to pillage, rob, to overpower, to defeat
pres [jayati] jeti Ja.ii.3; jināti Snp.439; Dhp.354; Ja.i.289; Ja.iv.71
pot jeyya …

Jaṇṇu(ka)

the knee DN.ii.160; Ja.vi.332; Snp-a.ii.230; Dhp-a.i.80 (˚ka); Dhp-a.ii.57 (id.), Dhp-a.ii.80; Dhp-a.iv.204; Vv-a.206 (jaṇṇu-kappara).

cp. jānu & jannu

Jaṇṇu(ka)

the knee DN.ii.160; Ja.vi.332; Snp-a.ii.230; Dhp-a.i.80 (˚ka); Dhp-a.ii.57 (id.), Dhp-a.ii.80; Dhp-a.iv.204; Vv-a.206 (jaṇṇu-kappara).

cp. jānu & jannu

adjective one who detests or avoids (usually -˚) MN.i.77; (parama˚), MN.i.78; AN.iv.174, AN.iv.182 sq., AN.iv.188 sq., Mil.352 (pāpa˚).

Jhāna¹

neuter literally meditation. But it never means vaguely meditation It is the technical term for a special religious experience reached in a certain order of mental states. It was or …

appetite, hunger, often combined with pipāsā, desire to drink, thirst, e.g. SN.i.18; AN.ii.143, AN.ii.153; Mil.304
■ MN.i.13, MN.i.114; MN.i.364; MN.iii.97, MN.iii.136; AN.iii.16 …

adjective illuminating, making light; explaining Ja.ii.420; Dpvs.xiv.50; Mil.343 (= lamp-lighter)
■ f. -ikā explanation, commentary, Name of several Commentaries, e.g. the Paramatthajotikā on th …

1. light, splendour, radiance SN.i.93; AN.ii.85; Vv.16#2.
2. a star: see compounds
3. fire SN.i.169; Thag.415; Ja.iv.206; sajotibhūta set on fire SN.ii.260; AN.iii.407 sq.; Ja.i.232.

• *-[parāyaṇa]( …

paramour, adulterer Ja.i.293; Ja.ii.309. f. ˚t adulteress Vin.ii.259, Vin.ii.268; Vin.iii.83.

Vedic jāra

…AN.i.162; ˚bhayassa pāraga AN.ii.15 ˚kovida Snp.484; atāri ˚ṃ asesaṃ Snp.355 (cp. 500) ˚assa pāraga Snp.32 6. = e +…

Kad˚

orig. “what?” used adverbially; then indef. “any kind of,” as (na) kac(-cana) “not at all”; kac-cid “any kind of; is it anything? what then?” Mostly used in disparaging sense of showing in …

adjective rough, hard, harsh, esp. of speech (vācā para-kaṭukā Dhs.1343), MN.i.286 = Dhs.1343; AN.v.265 = AN.v.283, AN.v.293; Dhs-a.396
■ akakkasa: smooth Snp.632; Ja.iii.282 Ja.v.203, Ja.v.206, J …

1. the unlucky die (see akkha); “the dice were seeds of a tree called the vibhītaka… An extra seed was called the kali” (Dial. ii.368 n. DN.ii.349; Ja.i.380; Dhp.252 (= Dhp-a.iii …

1. a small fraction of a whole, generally the 16th part; the 16th part of the moon’s disk; often the 16th part again subdivided into 16 parts and so on: one infinitesimal part (see Vv-a.103; Dhp-a.i …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

adjective dark, black, as attr. of darkness, opposed to light, syn. with kāḷa (q.v. for etym.); opp. sukka. In general it is hard to separate the lit. and fig. meanings, an ethical implication is to b …

at Vin.i.203, is an error for kajjala, lamp-black, used in preparation of a collyrium (cp. J.P.T.S. 1887 167).

Kapalla

neuter

1. a bowl in form of a skull, or the shell of reptiles; see *[kapāla …

adjective noun anything made with a definite object in view, prepared, arranged; or that which is fit, suitable, proper. See also DN-a.i.103 & Kp-a.115 for var. meanings.

I. Literal Meaning # …

the elbow Vin.iii.121 = Vin.iv.221; Ja.i.293, Ja.i.297; Dhp-a.i.48, Dhp-a.i.394; Vv-a.206.

cp. Sk. kūrpara

(-˚) adjective

1. belonging to a kappa, in paṭhama˚
   ■ kāla the time of thé first Age DN-a.i.247 Vb.412 (of manussā); Vv-a.19 (of Manu); without the kāla (id.) at Ja.i.222; as noun the men o …

1. (f.) pity compassion. Karuṇā is one of the 4 qualities of character significant of a human being who has attained enfranchisement of heart (ceto-vimutti) in the 4 sentiments viz. mettā k.˚ upekhā …

anything worthless, rubbish, filth, impurity; fig. low passions SN.i.166; Snp.281 = Mil.414 = AN.iv.172; Vism.258 (maṃsa˚), Vism.259 (parama˚).

• -jāta one whose nature is impurity …

Kasiṇa¹

adjective entire, whole Ja.iv.111, Ja.iv.112.

Vedic kṛtsna

Kasiṇa²

neuter one of the aids to kammaṭṭhāna, the practice by means of which myst …

(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & viss …

adjective lit. knowing, i.e. acknowledging what has been done (to one), i.e. grateful often in combination with katavedin grateful and mindful of benefits SN.ii.272; AN.i.87 = P …

1. the portion of a stalk or cane between one knot and another; the whole stalk or shaft; the shaft of an arrow, an arrow in general MN.i.429 (two kinds of arrows: kaccha & ropima, cp kaṇḍa-cittaka); …

Kaṭa¹

a mat: see compounds & kaṭallaka.

• -sara a reed: Saccharum Sara, used as medicine Dhs-a.78.
• -sāra (Dhp-a.i.268) & *[sāraka](/define/sāraka …

1. to be patient, to endure, to forgive (acc. of object and gen. of person): n’ âhaṃ bhayā khamāmi Vepacittino (not do I forgive V. out of fear) SN.i.221 SN.i.222; aparādhaṃ kh. to forgive a fault Ja. …

1. prop, support, in; -kata “making a prop,” i.e. with his arms akimbo Vin.ii.213 = Vin.iv.188.
2. obstruction, stiffening, paralysis in ūru˚ “stiffening of the thigh” MN.i.237 (through pain); Ja.v …

I. Crude meaning

bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.

1. Esp. used
   1. of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …

Khanti & Khantī

f. patience, forbearance, forgiveness. Def. at Dhs.1341: khantī khamanatā adhivāsanatā acaṇḍikkaṃ anasuropo attamanatā cittassa Most frequent combinations: with *[mettā](/define/mettā …

Khanti & Khantī

f. patience, forbearance, forgiveness. Def. at Dhs.1341: khantī khamanatā adhivāsanatā acaṇḍikkaṃ anasuropo attamanatā cittassa Most frequent combinations: with *[mettā](/define/mettā …

rule, power, possession; only in compounds:

• -dhamma the law of ruling, political science Ja.v.490 (is it khattu˚ = khattā˚?)
• -vijjā polity DN.i.9, condemn …

Khaṇa¹

1. (m.) a (short), moment, wink of time; in phrase khaṇen’ eva “in no time” Pv-a.38 Pv-a.117; Sdhp.584 (etc.). Sdhp.584; khaṇo ve mā upaccagā “let not the slightest time be wasted …

1. (adj.) full of peace, safe; tranquil, calm DN.i.73 (of a country) SN.i.123 (of the path leading to the ambrosial, i.e. Nibbāna), SN.i.189 = Snp.454 (of vācā nibbānapattiyā); MN.i.227 (vivaṭaṃ amata …

1. (lit.) a field, a plot of land, arable land, a site, DN.i.231; SN.i.134 (bījaṃ khette virūhati; in simile); three kinds of fields at SN.iv.315, viz. agga˚ majjhima˚, hīna˚ (in simile); AN.i.229 = A …

destroyed, exhausted, removed, wasted, gone; in compounds ˚-often to be translated “without.” It is mostly applied to the destruction of the passions (āsavā) & demerit (kamma). Khīṇā jāti “destroyed …

wrongdoing, demerit, fault, usually with ˚ṃ karoti to do wrong Snp.246; Sdhp.204; Ja.iii.135 or ˚ṃ pasavati AN.v.75; Vin.ii.198. -kata˚; (adj.) having done wrong in akata-kalyāṇo, etc. AN.ii.174 a …

1. to go short of, to be in want of (instr.) Dhp-a.ii.79; na piṇḍakena kilamati does not go short of food Vin.ii.15, Vin.ii.87; Vin.iv.23 sq.
2. to weary, to be wearied, tired, fatigued; to be in tro …

Name of a tree (creeper), lit. “whatever-like,” or “what do you call it,” i.e. strange tree (see kiṃ su & kiṃ 3), pop. name for the Butea frondosa SN.iv.193 (parable of the k.); Ja.i …

the end—

1. of space: the extreme part, top, summit, point (cp. anta to which it is opposed at Ja.vi.371): dhanu-koṭiṃ nissāya “through the (curved) end of my bow,” i.e. by means …

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

adjective

1. (adj.) clever, skilful, expert; good, right, meritorious MN.i.226; Dhp.44; Ja.i.222 Esp. appl. in moral sense (= puñña), whereas akusala is practically equivalent to pāpa. ekam pi ce pāṇ …

wall built of wattle and daub, in -nagaraka “a little wattle and daub town” DN.ii.146, DN.ii.169 (cp. Rh.D. on this in Buddh Suttas p. 99). Three such kinds of simply-built walls are mentioned a …

adjective deformed, paralysed (orig. bent, crooked, cp. kuṇa) only of the arm, acc. to Pp AN.iv.19 either of one or both arms (hands) Ja.i.353 (expl. kuṇṭhahattha) Dhp-a.i.376; Pp.51 (kāṇa, kuṇi, kha …

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…caranti akutobhayā te ve pāragatā loke ye pattā āsavakkhayaṃ AN.iii.69

• Kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññāpeti Gotamo MN.i.84; cp….

1. abs.
   1. deed, service, act of mercy or worship, homage: kāra-paṇṇaka Ja.vi.24 (vegetable as oblation); appako pi kato kāro devûpapattiṃ āvahati “even a small gift of mercy brings about rebirth …

,

1. 1. a deed, action, performance, esp. an act imposed or inflicted upon somebody by a higher authority (by the king as representative of justice or by kamma MN.iii.181; see *kamma …

Kāraṇḍava¹

chaff, offal, sweepings, fig. dirt, impurity: yava˚ AN.iv.169 (chaff) samaṇa˚ ibid
■ In passage kāraṇḍavaṃ niddhamatha kasambuṃ apakassatha AN.iv.172 = Snp.281 = Mil.414 trsl< …

group, heap, collection, aggregate, body

Definitions and synonyms

Snp-a.31 gives the foll. synonyms and similes of kāya: kuṭī, guhā (Snp.772), deha, sandeha (Dhp.148 = Thag.20), nāvā (Dhp.3 …

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

adjective blind, usually of one eye, occasionally of both (see Pp-a 227) SN.i.94; Vin.ii.90; AN.i.107 = AN.ii.85 = Pp.51 (in explⁿ of tamaparāyaṇa purisa); Thig.438; Ja.i.222 (one-eyed); …

1. (the very freq. & ordinary meaning) to get, to receive, obtain, acquire.
2. (fig.) to obtain permission to receive an opportunity, etc., as “pabbajituṃ sace lacchāmi” if I am allowed to receive the …

1. sign, characteristic mark; esp. a sign as implying something extraordinary or pointing to the future, therefore a prognosticative mark (cp. talisman), a distinguishing mark or salient feature, prop …

Laṅghi (Laṅghī)

feminine

1. a kind of deer (?) Ja.vi.537.
2. doubtful of meaning & origin in phrase; laṅghī-pitāmahā at Ja.ii.363 = Ja.iii.226: “whose grandfather was a deer, or a jumper” (?); us …

Laṅghi (Laṅghī)

feminine

1. a kind of deer (?) Ja.vi.537.
2. doubtful of meaning & origin in phrase; laṅghī-pitāmahā at Ja.ii.363 = Ja.iii.226: “whose grandfather was a deer, or a jumper” (?); us …

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

Lokiya & lokika

(adj.)

1. (ordinarily) “belonging to the world,” i.e
   1. world-wide, covering the whole world, famed, widely known Thag.554; Ja.vi.198.
   2. (-˚) belonging to the world of, an i …

Lokiya & lokika

(adj.)

1. (ordinarily) “belonging to the world,” i.e
   1. world-wide, covering the whole world, famed, widely known Thag.554; Ja.vi.198.
   2. (-˚) belonging to the world of, an i …

receiving, getting, acquisition, gain, possession; pl. possessions DN.i.8; DN.ii.58, DN.ii.61; MN.i.508 (ārogya-paramā lābhā); MN.iii.39; AN.i.74; AN.iv.157 sq., AN.iv.160 (lābhena abhibhūto pariyādi …

to stick. The Dhtp evidently favours the separation when interpreting lī by “silesana-dravīkaraṇa,” i.e. to make slip or run (Dhtp.441; Dhtm.681)]

1. to stick, adhere, cling to see compounds all˚, …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

Macchariya & Macchera

neuter avarice, stinginess, selfishness, envy; one of the principal evil passions & the maịn cause of rebirth in the Petaloka

1. macchariya: AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iii.272; Dh …

…ca Cnd.487#a), Snp.1146 (˚pāra-maccudheyyassa pāraṃ vuccati amataṃ nibbānaṃ Cnd.487); Thig.10 (= maccu ettha dhīyati Thag-a.13);…

1. intoxication, sensual excess, in formula davāya madāya maṇḍanāya (for purposes of sport, excess, personal charm etc. MN.i.355 = AN.ii.40 = Mnd.496 = Cnd.540 = Pp.21 = Dhs.1346, Dhs.1348. The comm …

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) “standing in the middle,” umpire neutral, impartial, indifferent Ja.i.300; Ja.ii.359 (parama˚ + upekkhā-pārāmī); Ja.vi.8; Mil.403; Vism.230; Mhvs.21, Mhvs.14.
2. indifferen …

…envy) at MBh; xii.8051 and Aṣṭas Prajñā Pāramitā 254

cherished, beloved; as n. nt. attachment, fondness of, pride
■ (adj. or pp. SN.ii.94 (etaṃ ajjhositaṃ, m., parāmaṭṭhaṃ); Snp.119; Dhp-a.i.11
■ (nt.:) Snp.466, Snp.777, Snp.805, Snp.950 = Dhp.367 …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

…pariggahetvā)

• -pāragū one who is accomplished in the Vedas Snp.251 (= vedapāragū Snp-a.293), Snp.690 (=…

human being, man. The popular etym. connects m. with Manu(s), the ancestor of men, e.g. Kp-a.123: “Manuno apaccā ti manussā, porāṇā pana bhaṇanti ʻmana-ussannatāya manussa’; te Jambudīpakā, Aparagoy …

to die
pres marati Mvu v. spur. after 5, 27; 36, 83;
pot mareyyaṃ Ja.vi.498; 2^nd mareyyāsi Ja.iii.276.
ppr maramāna Mhvs.36, Mhvs.76
ao …

…Dhp-a.iii.170.

• -pāra “the other side of death,” Np. at Mnd.154 (vv.ll. BB purāpuraṃ; SS parammukhaṃ). *…

Mata¹

thought, understood, considered (as = -˚), only late in use Vb.2 (hīna˚ paṇīta˚, doubtful reading); Sdhp.55; Mhvs.25, Mhvs.55 (tassā matena according to her opinion); Mhvs.25, Mhvs. …

couch, bed Vin.iv.39, Vin.iv.40 (where 4 kinds are mentioned which also apply to the defⁿ of pīṭha, viz. masāraka bundikābaddha, kuḷīra-pādaka, āhacca-pādaka; same def< …

adverb wrongly, in a wrong way, wrong-, false Snp.438 (laddho yaso), Snp.815 (paṭipajjati leads a wrong course of life, almost syn with anariyaṃ. Illustrated by “pāṇaṃ hanati, adinnaṃ ādiyati, sandhi …

friend. Usually m., although nt. occurs in meaning “friend,” in sg. (Ne.164) & pl. (Snp.185 Snp.187); in meaning “friendship” at Ja.vi.375 (= mittabhāva C.). The half-scientific, half-popular etym …

or ˚ā feminine tumbling, turning somersaults, an acrobatic feat; in list of forbidden amusements at DN.i.6 (cp. DN-a.i.86; samparivattaka-kīḷanaṃ, i.e. playing with something that rolls along, conti …

(˚añji˚) is probably the correct reading for puñcikatā
■ We find puñcikatā at Dhs.1136, Dhs.1230 Vb.351, Vb.361 (variant reading pucchañji˚); Dhs-a.365 …

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

holy man, a sage, wise man.

I

The term which was specialised in Brahmanism has acquired a general meaning in Buddhism & is applied by the Buddha to any man attaining perfection in self-rest …

adjective lit. “mine,” one who shows affection (not only for himself), making one’s own, i.e devoted to, loving Snp.806 (= Buddha˚, Dhamma˚ Sangha˚ Mnd.125; = mamāyamāna Snp-a.534), Snp.927 (same exp …

intention, purpose, mind (as active force), mental action. Almost equivalent to mano Dhs § 6. In later language mānasa is quite synonymous with hadaya. The word, used absolutely, is more a t. t. in ph …

Na¹

expletive-emphatic particle, often used in comparative-indefinite sense just so, like this, as if, as (see cana & canaṃ) Ja.v.339 (Com. cttha na-kāro upamāne). Als …

…AN.iii.346
■ pāragū (victor). pāragū sabbadhammānaṃ anupādāya nibbuto AN.i.162 (cp AN.iv.290 with…

1. description, attribute, distinction Pv-a.7 (ukkaṭṭha˚) -vatthu object of distinction or praise DN.iii.253; AN.iv.15 (where reading is niddasa, which also as variant reading …

adjective without egotism, not false, not slandering Snp.56 (cp Cnd.356 makkha = niṭṭhuriya; see also Snp-a.108; paraguṇa-vināsana-lakkhaṇo makkho).

nis + makkha, cp. Sk. nirmatsara

adjective past participle

measured out, planned, laid out; created (by supernatural power iddhi); measured, stately DN.i.18, DN.i.56 (iddhiyā pi DN-a.i.167), DN.i.219 (Su˚ devaputta. Np.), ibid. (Pa …

Nimmāna¹

neuter measuring; production, creation, work; issara-n-hetu caused by God MN.ii.122; AN.i.173; Vb.367. N- ratī devā a class of devas, e.g. at DN.i.218; Iti.94; Vism.225; DN- …

Nimīlati & Nimmīlati

to shut, close (the eyes) Ja.i.279; Dhp-a.ii.6 (akkhīni nimmīlituṃ nâsakkhi) Caus. nim(m)īl-eti id. MN.i.120; Dhp-a.ii.28 (paralokaṃ opp. ummīleti); Ja.i.279; Vism.292 (akkh …

Nimīlati & Nimmīlati

to shut, close (the eyes) Ja.i.279; Dhp-a.ii.6 (akkhīni nimmīlituṃ nâsakkhi) Caus. nim(m)īl-eti id. MN.i.120; Dhp-a.ii.28 (paralokaṃ opp. ummīleti); Ja.i.279; Vism.292 (akkh …

only in instr. & abl. = separately Dhs-a.2, Dhs-a.30, Dhs-a.37, Dhs-a.297.

Sk. *niṣpradesa, nis + padesa

adjective without offence, guiltless, innocent Ja.i.264.

nis + aparādha

adjective without comparison, incomparable Snp-a.455 (= atitula).

nis + upama

(better: nitthaddhana) neuter paralysing DN.i.11 (jīvhā˚ = mantena jivhāya thaddhakaraṇa DN-a.i.96 variant reading (gloss) nibandhana).

Sk. *niṣṭambhana, abstr. fr. ni + thaddha = making rigid

adjective restrained, bound to, constrained to, sure (as to the future), fixed (in its consequences), certain, assured, necessary DN.ii.92 (sambodhiparāyanā), DN.ii.155; DN.iii.107; Snp.70 (= ariyamag …

adjective brought or come to an end, finished, accomplished; (made) ready, prepared (i.e. the preparations being finished) Vin.i.35; DN.i.109 (bhattaṃ: the meal is ready); DN.ii.127 (id.); Ja.i.255 (i …

name.

1. Literal. nom. nāmaṃ SN.i.39; Snp.808; Ja.ii.131; Mil.27; acc. nāmaṃ Pv-a.145 (likhi: he wrote her name)
   ■ nāmaṃ karoti to give a name Snp.344 Cnd.466 (n’ etaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ on “ …

adjective separated from the troop or crowd, standing alone, Vin.i.80; Ja.iv.432 = (gaṇaṃ ohīna C.).

Vedic ogaṇa with dial. o for ava

resting place, shelter, resort; house, dwelling; fig. (this meaning according to later commentators prevailing in anoka, liking, fondness, attachment to (worldly things) SN.iii.9 = Snp.844 (okam pahāy …

Avakappanā & okappanā

feminine preparation, fixing up, esp. harnessing Ja.vi.408.

ava + kappanā

viceroyalty is variant reading for uparajja. Thus at MN.ii.76; AN.iii.154.

adjective acting as a support, supporting, helpful MN.ii.113.

fr. upārambha

…on this side Mil.210.

• -pāra the below and the above, the lower & higher worlds Snp.1 (see Snp-a.13 = Cnd.422^b…

1. delighted, satisfied, pleased Mil.210 (cp. abhirata).
2. desisting, abstaining from, restraining oneself Vv-a.72 (= virato; cp. uparata).

o + rata, pp. of ramati

…side, the near shore (opp. pāra˚ and pārima˚ the far side) DN.i.244; SN.iv.175 (sakkāyass’ adhivacanaṃ) = Snp-a.24; Dhs.597 Vism.512…

one who has gone out from home, one who has given up worldly life & undertaken the life of a bhikkhu recluse or ascetic, (one) ordained (as a Buddhist friar) gone forth (into the holy life or pabbajjā …

…as in paṭṭhagū, vedagū pāragū. pacca may be praṭya, an adv. formⁿ of prep praṭi, and paṭṭha its doublet. It is not…

adjective separate, individual; usually acc. -ṃ adv. separately, individually, singly, by himself in his own heart DN.i.24 (yeva nibbuti viditā); DA on DN.ii.77 = attano attano abbhantare; MN.i.251 …

lit. resting on, falling back on, foundation cause, motive etc. See on term as t.t. of philosophy Tikapaṭṭhāna I, foreword; J.P.T.S. 1916, 21 f.; Cpd. 42 sq. & esp. 259 sq.

1. (lit.) support, req …

adjective each one, single, by oneself, separate, various several DN.i.49 (itthi); DN.ii.261 (˚vasavattin, of the 10 issaras); SN.i.26 (˚gāthā a stanza each), SN.i.146 (˚brahma an independent Brahma); …

adverb behind, aft, after, afterwards, back; westward DN.i.205; Snp.645 Snp.773, Snp.949; Mnd.33 (= pacchā vuccati anāgataṃ, pure vuccati atītaṃ); Cnd.395; Dhp.172, Dhp.314, Dhp.421; Pv.i.11#1 Pv.i.11 …

1. foot Dhp.273 = Snp-a.366 (? saccānaṃ caturo padā); DN-a.i.85; usually -˚, like hatthipadaṃ elephant’s foot MN.i.176, MN.i.184; SN.i.86; SN.v.43, SN.v.231; and with numerals dvi˚ & di˚, catup˚, a …

Padosa¹

defect, fault, blemish, badness, corruption, sin DN.i.71 (= padussati paraṃ vā padūseti vināsetī ti padoso DN-a.i.211); MN.iii.3; SN.iv.322 (vyāpāda˚); AN.i.8 (ceto˚); AN.iii.92 ( …

holding up, or (being) held up Vin.ii.131 (chatta˚ holding up a parasol,) Vin.ii.207 (id.); Ja.vi.235; Snp-a.175 (= Snp.p.21).

pp. of paggaṇhāti, cp. BSk. pragṛhīta lofty Divy.7, Divy.102

1. performance, undertaking paragraph (of the law) DN.i.98 (“offence”? see Dial. i.120); SN.iii.91; Mil.189.
2. occasion Vin.i.44 Vin.ii.75; Vin.iii.20.
3. exposition, arrangement, literary work, co …

Pakkha¹

1. side of the body, flank wing, feathers (cp. pakkhin), in compounds -biḷāla a flying fox (sort of bat) Bdhgh on ulūka-camma at Vin.i.186 (MV. Vin.v.2, 4; cp. Vin. Texts ii.1 …

Pakkhika

adjective

1. belonging or referring to the (2) lunar fortnights fortnightly, for a fortnight or in the (specified) fortnight of the month (cp. Vin. Texts iii.220). As one special provisio …

1. make-up, getting up, fixing, arrangement, preparation mode, way, manner Ja.ii.222; DN-a.i.132; Pv-a.26 Pv-a.109, Pv-a.123, Pv-a.135, Pv-a.178, Pv-a.199; Sdhp.94, Sdhp.466.
2. ingredient fla …

rhinoceros Ja.vi.277 (variant reading phalasata explained as “khagga-miga,” with gloss “balasata”); as phalasata at Ja.vi.454 (explained as phalasata-camma C.) See palāsata.

…

breaking off or in two, dissolution, decay Vin.ii.284; MN.i.435 = Mil.418 (in formula aniccato dukkhato rogato etc., with freq.variant reading paralokato; cp AN.iv.423; Cnd.214; Pts.ii.238); SN.iii.16 …

rhinoceros Ja.v.206 Ja.v.408; Ja.vi.277.

so read for palasata & palasada; cp. Vedic parasvant given by BR. in meaning “a certain large animal, perhaps the wild ass”

(paḷāsin) adjective spiteful, unmerciful, malicious MN.i.43 sq., MN.i.96; AN.iii.111; combined with makkhin at Vin.ii.89 (cp. Vin Texts iii.38); Ja.iii.259 apaḷāsin DN.iii.47 …

adj. nt. crushing, defeating, overcoming DN.i.89 (˚parasena˚); Snp.p.106 (id. = maddituṃ samattho Snp-a.450); Snp.561 (Mārasena˚); DN-a.i.250.

fr. pamaddati

1. measure, size, amount SN.ii.235; AN.i.88; AN.iii.52, AN.iii.356 sq.; AN.v.140 sq. Mil.285 (cp. trsl. ii.133, n. 2); Snp-a.137; Vv-a.16; Pv-a.55 (ghaṭa˚), Pv-a.70 (ekahattha˚), Pv-a.99 (*tāla …

in cpd. appanigghosa is wrongly registered as such in A Index (for AN.iv.88); it is to be separated appa + nigghosa (see nigghosa).

fallen, gone, gone down; also: creeping only in foll. compounds:

• -ga a snake Thag.429 (˚inda chief of snake-demons) Ja.v.166; Mil.23.
• -gandha with gone down (i.e. deterio …

adjective finding pleasure in, fond of, only in two (doubtful) compounds viz. -vutta [unexplained, perhaps v for y, as daya → dava through influence of d in parada˚; thus = parata yutta?] “fond of …

see parājeti.

…Kv.469. See pāramī & pāramitā.

-attha [cp. class. Sk. paramārtha] the highest good ideal; truth in the ultimate…

paramajja-dhamma

the most influential or ruling doctrine MN.iii.7.

cp. Vedic parama-jyā

the highest quantity, measure on the outside minimum or maximum DN.i.60 (ghāsa-cchādana-paramatāya santuṭṭho contented with a minimum of food & clothing; DN-a.i.169 explains by uttamatāya); MN.i.10 …

at SN.v.441 is to be corrected to pharasu˚.

adverb elsewhere, hereafter, in the Beyond, in the other world SN.i.20; Snp.661 = Iti.42 = Dhp.306; Dhp.177; Ja.ii.417; Pv.i.11#10 (= paraloke Pv-a.60); Pv.iii.1#20 (= samparāye Pv-a.177) Snp-a.478 …

(param˚) adverb further, away (from); as prep. (w. abl.) after, beyond; absolute only in phrase ito paraṃ from here, after this, further, e.g. Kp-a.131; Snp-a.160, Snp-a.178, Snp …

adverb see para 2 c.

gone on to, affected with, overcome by (-˚), syn. with abhibhūta (e.g. Pv-a.41, Pv-a.80). Very frequent in combination with terms of suffering, misadventure and passion, e.g. …

to set out for, go on to, come to (acc.) SN.ii.20; AN.v.2, AN.v.139 sq., AN.v.312; Ja.v.401 (= pakkhandati C.). pp pareta (q.v.).

in form = parā + i but more likely pari + i, th …

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

lamentation, wailing MN.i.200; SN.ii.1; SN.iii.3 sq. AN.i.144; AN.ii.195; Snp.328, Snp.592, Snp.811, Snp.923, Snp.969; Ja.i.146; Ja.vi.188, Ja.vi.498; Mnd.128, Mnd.134, Mnd.370, Mnd.492; Pts.i.11 sq., …

cognition, recognition, knowledge Ne.20 (as paraphrase of pariññā).

pari + jānanā = jānana

“doing round,” i.e. doing up, viz (1.) arrangement, getting up, preparation Vin.ii.106 (˚ṃ kārāpeti), Vin.ii.117 (geruka˚ plastering with red chalk), Vin.ii.151 (id.). parikammaṃ karoti to make (the …

1. preparation, intention, stratagem Thag.940.
2. assumption, supposition, surmise AN.i.197; AN.v.271; Dhs-a.308.

fr. pari + kalp

arrangement, preparation, getting up Ja.v.203.

*parikṛti of kṛ; (?)

“all that belongs to anything,” make-up, adornment (so Cnd.585 bāhirā p. of the body)

1. requisite, accessory equipment, utensil, apparatus Vin.i.50, Vin.i.296 (˚colaka cloth required for water-str …

at Dhs.1280 read para˚.

tormenting, torture, affliction, mortification MN.i.78, MN.i.341–MN.i.344; AN.i.151, AN.i.296 AN.ii.205 sq. (atta˚ self-mortification, opp. para˚); Pp.55 Pp.56, Pp.61; Pv-a.18 (atta˚), Pv-a.30 (id. …

being active, preparation, outfit Ja.v.46; Ja.vi.21 (gamana˚); Dhp-a.i.207 (gloss & variant reading gamana-parisajja), Dhp-a.i.395 (variant reading parisajja).

Note. According to Kern,

Toevoeg …

1. “gone completely into,” included in, belonging to, got into Vin.i.46 (patta˚ that which has been put into the bowl); DN.i.45 (= ābaddha DN-a.i.127); Snp-a.397 (milakkhabhāsa˚ etc.); Kp-a.136 (vi …

lit. “going round” analysed by Bdhgh in 3 diff. meanings, viz. vāra (turn, course) desanā (instruction, presentation), and kāraṇa (cause reaso …

adverb beyond, further, above, more than, upwards of; only ˚-in connection with numerals (cp. Vedic use of paras with acc. of numerals) e.g. paropaññāsa more th an.50; DN.ii.93; parosataṃ more …

adjective beyond the eye, out of sight, invisible, imperceptible Mil.291
■ abl. parokkhā (adv.) behind one’s back, in the absence of Ja.iii.89 (parammukhā C.; opp. sammukhā).

paro + akkha = Vedi …

(˚ñāṇa) see under *indriya*˚. The form is paro + pariya, paro heŕe taking the place of para. Yet it would be more reasonable to explain the word …

adjective noun high & low, far & near; pl. in sense of “all kinds” (cp. uccâvaca). The word is found only in the Sutta Nipāta, viz. Snp.353 (variant reading BB varāvaraṃ, varovaraṃ; explained as “loku …

defeat, destruction, ruin, disgrace SN.ii.241; AN.ii.73; AN.iv.26; Snp.91–Snp.115; Ja.iii.331; Snp-a.167.

fr. parā + bhu Vedic parābhava

1. to go to ruin Snp.91 (= parihāyati vinassati).
2. to win through, to surpass Thag.1144 (cp. trsl. 381⁴)

pp parābhūta (q.v.) See also *[parābhetvā](/define/parābhe …

at Ja.v.153 is not clear (C.: hadayaṃ bhinditvā olokento viya…); perhaps we have here a reading parābh˚ for parāg˚ (as bheṇḍuka wrongly for geṇḍuka) which in its turn stands for parādhetvā (cp. simila …

ruined, fallen into disgrace MN.ii.210 (avabhūta +)
■ Note. parābhūta at Ja.v.416 is to be read parabhuta (q.v.).

pp. of parābhavati

1. defeat DN.i.10; Ja.vi.209; Vv-a.139.
2. defeat in game, loss, losing at play SN.i.149 (dhana˚) = AN.v.171 = Snp.659; Ja.vi.234 (˚gāha sustainment of a loss).

parā + ji, opp. of jaya

to defeat, conquer; in gambling: to make lose, beat Pv-a.151 (sahassaṃ p by 1,000 coins)
aor parāji in 3^rd pl. ˚jiṃsu, only in one stock phrase referring to the battle of the Gods Tita …

defeated, having suffered a loss Vin.iv.5; SN.i.224; AN.iv.432; Snp.440, Snp.681; Dhp.201 (= parena parājito Dhp-a.iii.259, where Bdhgh takes it evidently as instr. of para = parā); Ja.i.293; Ja.ii.1 …

see parakkaroti (paraṃ˚? or parā?).

touching, seizing, taking hold of MN.i.130 (variant reading ˚māsa which reading is probably to be preferred, cp. Trenckner on p. 541) SN.iii.46 (variant reading ˚māsa)
■ neg. aparāmasa not leading a …

touching, seizing, taking up Cnd.576 (daṇḍa-sattha˚); Dhs-a.239 (angapaccanga˚); Pv-a.159 (kiriyā˚).

fr. parāmasati

to touch, hold on to, deal with, take up, to be attached or fall a victim to (acc.) Vin.ii.47, Vin.ii.195, Vin.ii.209; DN.i.17; MN.i.257; SN.iii.110; Ja.iv.138; in combination with gaṇhāti & nandati ( …

touched, grasped, usually in bad sense: succumbing to, defiled, corrupted DN.i.17 for a different, commentarial interpretation see Parāmāsa (evaṃ˚ so acquired or taken up; cp. DN-a.i.107 nirāsanka\ …

touching contact, being attached to, hanging on, being under the influence of, contagion (Dhs. trsl. 316). In Asl.49, Bdhgh analyses as parato āmasantīti parāmāsā: p. means “they handle dhamma’s *as …

adjective grasping, seizing, perverting DN.iii.48; MN.i.43, MN.i.96 (sandiṭṭhi˚). Parayana (Parayana)

fr. parāmāsa

Parāyana & Parāyaṇa

neuter

1. (n.) final end, i.e. support, rest, relief SN.i.38; AN.i.155, AN.i.156 (tāṇa lena dīpa etc.); Ja.v.501 = Ja.vi.375 (dīpañ ca p.).
2. (adj. ˚)
   1. going through to, en …

Parāyana & Parāyaṇa

neuter

1. (n.) final end, i.e. support, rest, relief SN.i.38; AN.i.155, AN.i.156 (tāṇa lena dīpa etc.); Ja.v.501 = Ja.vi.375 (dīpañ ca p.).
2. (adj. ˚)
   1. going through to, en …

see sam˚.

adjective having one’s refuge or resort (in), being supported, only neg. aparāyinī (f.) without support Ja.iii.386.

fr. parāyana

Parūpa˚

as para + upa˚ (in parūpakkama, parūpaghāta etc.) see under para.

1. to see-Pres. passati Vin.i.322; SN.i.69 SN.i.132, SN.i.198; SN.ii.29; Snp.313, Snp.647, Snp.953, Snp.1063, Snp.1142 (cp. Cnd.428); Pv.i.2#3; Mil.218; Pv-a.11, Pv-a.102; 1<su …

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

Pattha¹

a lonely place, in cpd. vana˚; DN.i.71; Pp.59 etc., a wilderness in the forest, explained by Bdhgh as “gāmantaṃ atikkamitvā manussānaṃ anupacāra-ṭṭhānaṃ yattha na kasanti na vap …

to wish for, desire, pray for, request, long for SN.iv.125; SN.v.145; Snp.114 Snp.899; Thig.341; Mnd.312, Mnd.316; Pp-a 208 (āsaṃsati +) Pv-a.148; Sdhp.66, Sdhp.319; ppr. patthento Pv-a.107 *pat …

Patti¹

on foot, one who is on foot, a foot-soldier Vin.iv.105 (as one of the 4 constituents of a senā or army, viz. hatthī elephants, assā horses, rathā chariots, pattī …

Pattiya¹

adjective noun believing, trusting, relying Ja.v.414 (para˚) (m.) belief, trust Ja.v.231 (parapattiyena by relying on others), Ja.v.233 (id.), Ja.v.414 (id.).

for *pratyaya = pa …

separated, detached, secluded, singled MN.i.14, MN.i.77, MN.i.386; MN.ii.6; SN.ii.29; Vism.73; Pv-a.127; Dhp-a.ii.77. Often in phrase appiccha santuṭṭha pavivitta referring to an ascetic enjoying …

1. means, instrument Ja.vi.116 (= karaṇa); Snp-a.7; Dhs-a.215 (sa˚).
2. preparation, undertaking, occupation exercise, business, action, practice Vin.iv.278; Pts.ii.213 (sammā˚); …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

intelligence, comprising all the higher faculties of cognition, “intellect as conversant with general truths” (Dial. ii.68), reason wisdom, insight, knowledge, recognition. See on term Mrs. Rh. D. * …

adjective bound to, in fetters or bonds, attracted to or by, dependent on DN.i.76; Vin.iv.302 (kāya˚); AN.v.87 (para˚); Dhp.284; Mil.102 (āvajjana˚); Pv-a.134 (˚jīvika dependent on him for a living) …

1. counterpart, likeness, resemblance Cnd. s.v.; Vism.125 (˚nimitta, imitative mental reflex, memory-image); Snp-a.65, Snp-a.76, Snp-a.83, Snp-a.114, Snp-a.265; Pv-a.46, Pv-a.178, Pv-a.279. 2 …

to run back to (acc.) MN.i.265 ≈ SN.ii.26 (pubbanṭaṃ; opp. aparantaṃ ādhāvati M, upadhāvati S); Sdhp.167.

paṭi + dhāvati

1. (ethically) repulsion, repugnance anger DN.i.25, DN.i.34; DN.iii.254, DN.iii.282; SN.i.13; SN.iv.71, SN.iv.195, SN.iv.205 SN.iv.208 sq.; SN.v.315; AN.i.3, AN.i.87, AN.i.200; Snp.371, Snp.536; Dhs.1 …

counterpart, image, figure Ja.vi.125; Dāvs v.27; Vv-a.168 (= bimba); Dhs-a.334 - appaṭima (adj.) without a counterpart, matchless incomparable Thag.614; Mil.239.

fr. paṭi + …

“way,” method, conduct, practice, performance, behaviour, example AN.i.69 AN.v.126 (dhammânudhamma˚), AN.v.136; Pts.ii.15; Mnd.143 Cnd. s.v.; Mil.131, Mil.242; Dhp-a.ii.30; Dhp-a.iv.34 (sammā good o …

secluded, retired, gone into solitude abstracted, plunged in meditation, separated Vin.i.101 (rahogata +); DN.i.134, DN.i.151; SN.i.71, SN.i.146 sq. (divāvihāragata +), SN.i.225; SN.ii.74 (rahogata …

adjective equal, forming, a counterpart Mil.205 (rāja˚); neg. appaṭisama not having one’s equal, incomparable Ja.i.94; Mil.331.

paṭi + sama

…Mil.359; Vv-a.2; Dhp-a.iv.70 (catūsu p-˚ āsu cheka). p˚-patta one who has attained mastership…

adjective having a superior; neg. app˚; incomparable, unsurpassed Mil.357 (appaṭibhāga +).

paṭi + seṭṭha

“after having gone past,” i.e. after death, having departed SN.i.182; SN.iii.98; AN.ii.174 sq.; AN.iii.34, AN.iii.46, AN.iii.78; Snp.185, Snp.188 Snp.248, Snp.598, Snp.661; Iti.111; Dhp.15, Dhp.131 (= …

Pessiya & ˚ka

servant; m. either pessiya Vv.84#46 (spelt pesiya, explained by pesana-kāraka, veyyāvaccakara Vv-a.349); Ja.vi.448 (= pesana-kāraka C.), or *[pessika](/define/pe …

being a servant, doing service Ja.vi.208 (para˚ to someone else). Pessiya & ka;

abstr. fr. pessa, Sk. *preṣyatā

Pessiya & ˚ka

servant; m. either pessiya Vv.84#46 (spelt pesiya, explained by pesana-kāraka, veyyāvaccakara Vv-a.349); Ja.vi.448 (= pesana-kāraka C.), or *[pessika](/define/pe …

dead, departed, the departed spirit. The Buddhistic peta represents the Vedic pitaraḥ (manes, cp. pitṛyajña), as well as the Brāhmaṇic preta. The first are souls of the “fathers, …

hatchet, axe AN.iii.162; Ja.i.199, Ja.i.399; Ja.ii.409 Ja.v.500; Dhp-a.ii.204; Pv-a.277. The spelling parasu occurs at SN.v.441 & Ja.iii.179.

cp. Vedic paraśu = Gr. πέλεκυς; on …

at Vin.iv.139 is to be separated (cara pi re get away with you), both pi and re acting as part. of exclamation The C. explⁿ (p. 362) by “pire (voc.?) = para amāmaka” is an artificial construction.

father
■ Cases: sg. nom. pitā SN.i.182; Dhp.43; Ja.v.379; Snp-a.423; acc. pitaraṃ Dhp.294; pituṃ Cp.ii.9#3; instr. pitarā Ja.iii.37, pitunā, petyā Ja.v.214; dat. gen. pitu MN.iii.176; …

Piya¹

adjective dear, in two applications (as stated Mnd.133 = Cnd.444, viz dve piyā: sattā vā piyā sankhārā vā piyā, with ref. to living beings, to sensations):

1. dear, beloved (as fath …

1. a lump, ball, thick (& round mass SN.i.206 (aṭṭhīyaka˚); Pv.iii.5#5 (nonīta˚); Vv-a.62 (kummāsa˚), Vv-a.65; Sdhp.529 (ayo˚).
2. a lump of food esp. of alms, alms given as food SN.i.76; Snp.217, S …

1. basket Vin.i.225 (ghaṭa p. ucchanga), Vin.i.240 (catudoṇika p.); Pv.iv.3#33; Vism.28 (piṭake nikkhitta-loṇa-maccha-phāla-sadisaṃ phaṇaṃ); dhañña˚ a grain-basket Dhp-a.iii.370; vīhi˚; a ri …

Pubba¹

pus, matter, corruption MN.i.57; MN.iii.90; SN.i.150; SN.ii.157; AN.i.34; Ja.ii.18; Mil.382; Pv-a.80
■ In detail discussed (as one of the 32 ākāras) at Vism.261, Vism.360; Kp- …

1. an individual, as opposed to a group (sangha or parisā), person, man; in later philosophical (Abhidhamma) literature = character, soul (= attan). DN.i.176; MN.iii.58; SN.i.93 sq.; SN.iii.25; AN.i.8 …

adjective belonging to a single person, individual, separate Vin.i.250; Vin.ii.270. The BSk paudgalika at Divy.342 is used in a sense similar to the Vin passages. Divy Index gives, not quite correctly …

indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …

Puppha¹

neuter a flower Vin.ii.123; SN.i.204 = Ja.iii.308; Snp.2, Snp.5; Dhp.47 sq.; Dhp.377; Vism.430; Snp-a.78 (paduma˚); Vv-a.73; Pv-a.127; Sdhp.550- pupphāni (pl.) Vb-a.255 (of …

man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso …

adjective

1. (= pṛthak) separated, individual adv. separated, individual, adv. separately, each (see [given as puthag eva Kacc. 29](/define/given as puthag eva Kacc. 29)) SN.i.75 (puthu attā individu …

1. a son SN.i.210; Snp.35, Snp.38, Snp.60, Snp.557, Snp.858; Dhp.62, Dhp.84 Dhp.228, Dhp.345; Ja.iv.309; Vism.645 (simile of 3 sons); Pv-a.25, Pv-a.63, Pv-a.73 sq.; DN-a.i.157 (dāsaka˚). Four kind …

is wrong reading at Dhs.1059 in taṇhā paraphrase (pattern 1 Nd ii.taṇhā) for mucchañcikatā. The readings of id. p. are puñcikatā Dh …

Err:509

…Dhp-a.i.84.

• -ppatta (pārami˚) having attained perfection MN.iii.28; Cnd.435; Mil.21 Mil.22; cp. Mil trsl. i.34.

abstr. fr. parama, cp….

…(cp. pāragata) gone to the other side, gone beyond, traversed, transcended MN.i.135; SN.ii.277; Snp.803; Mnd.114; Cnd.435;…

to make go through, to bore through, pierce, break (?) Ja.iii.185 (reading uncertain).

Denom. fr. pāra; cp. Lat. portare

1. a dove, pigeon AN.i.162 (dove-coloured); Vv.36#3 (˚akkhi pārāpat’ akkhi Vv-a.167); Ja.vi.456.
2. a species of tree, Diospyros embryopteris Ja.vi.529, Ja.vi.539.

the Prk. form (cp. Māgadhi pāreva …

…tīraṃ Avs.i.148.

superl. form. fr. pāra

one who has committed a grave transgression of the rules for bhikkhus; one who merits expulsion (see on term Vin. Texts i.3 Mil translation i.268; ii.78) Vin.i.172; Vin.ii.101, Vin.ii.242; AN.ii.2 …

dove, pigeon Ja.i.242; Ja.v.215; Vv-a.167 (˚akkhi); Pgdp.45. See the doublet pārevata.

Epic Sk. pārāvata

the highest (farthest) point, final aim, chief object, ideal; title of the last Vagga of the Sutta Nipāta AN.iii.401; Snp.1130; Cnd.438; Snp-a.163, Snp-a.370 Snp-a.604.

late Sk. pārāyaṇa, the metr …

Pāṭekka (Pāṭiyekka)

adjective several, distinct single Vin.i.134; Vin.iv.15; Ja.i.92 (T. pāṭiekka, SS pāṭiyekka); Vism.249 (pāṭiyekka, SS pāṭiekka), Vism.353, Vism.356, Vism.443, Vism.473; Dhp-a.iv. …

Pāṭekka (Pāṭiyekka)

adjective several, distinct single Vin.i.134; Vin.iv.15; Ja.i.92 (T. pāṭiekka, SS pāṭiyekka); Vism.249 (pāṭiyekka, SS pāṭiekka), Vism.353, Vism.356, Vism.443, Vism.473; Dhp-a.iv. …

adjective filling (-˚) Vism.106 (mukha˚).

= pāra + ka

1. to protect, shelter, save, preserve Snp.220; Ja.iv.255 (maṃ rakkheyyātha); Ja.vi.589 (= pāleti); Pv.ii.9#43 (dhanaṃ); Mil.166 (rukkhaṃ), Mil.280 (attānaṃ rakkheyya save himself); Pv-a.7
   grd * …

Randha¹

cooked Ja.v.505; Ja.vi.24; Mil.107.

for Sk. raddha, pp. of randhati 2

Randha²

opening, cleft, open spot; flaw, defect, weak spot AN.iv.25; Snp.255, Snp.826 randhamesi …

Ratta¹

1. dyed, coloured MN.i.36 (dūratta-vaṇṇa difficult to dye or badly dyed MN-a.167 reads duratta and explains as durañjita-vaṇṇa opp. suratta ibid.); Snp.287 (nānā-rattehi vatthe …

indeclinable a part. of exclamation, mostly implying contempt, or deprecation (DN-a.i.276) “hīḷanavasena āmantanaṃ” i.e. address of disdain: heigh, go on, get away, hallo
■ DN.i.96, DN.i.107; Ja.ii …

Rodha¹

obstruction, stopping, in cpd. parapāṇa˚; stopping the life of somebody else; life-slaughter murder Snp.220; Ja.ii.450. Cp. anu˚, ni˚, vi˚.

fr. rudh

Rodha²

neut …

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

tree. In the rukkha-mūlik’ anga (see below) Bdhgh at Vism.74 gives a list of trees which are not to be selected for the practice of “living at the root of a tree.” These are sīmantarika-rukkha, ceti …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Sa¹

the letter s (sa-kāra) Snp-a.23; or the syllable sa Dhp-a.ii.6; Pv-a.280.

Sa²

base of the nom. of the demonstr. pron. that, he she. The form sg. m. * …

adjective real, true DN.i.182; MN.ii.169; MN.iii.207; Dhp.408; nt. saccaṃ truly, verily, certainly Mil.120; saccaṃ kira is it really true? DN.i.113; Vin.i.45, Vin.i.60; Ja.i.107; saccato truly S …

adjective real, true Mil.226 (the same passage at Pts.i.174 & Mnd.458 spells sacchika). saccik’ aṭṭha truth, reality, the highest truth Kv.1 sq. Dhs-a.4 (nearly = paramaṭṭha); Kp-a.102. Kern in a …

Saha¹

indeclinable prep. & prefix, meaning: in conjunction with, together, accompanied by; immediately after (with instr.) Vin.i.38; Snp.49, Snp.928 Thig.414 = Thig.425; sahā Snp.231.

• • …

Sakid & Sakiṃ

adverb once.

1. sakiṃ: DN.ii.188; Ja.i.397; Dhp-a.iii.116 (sakiṃvijātā itthi primipara); once more: Mil.238; once for all: Thig.466; Dhp-a.ii.44; Thag-a.284
2. *s …

Sakid & Sakiṃ

adverb once.

1. sakiṃ: DN.ii.188; Ja.i.397; Dhp-a.iii.116 (sakiṃvijātā itthi primipara); once more: Mil.238; once for all: Thig.466; Dhp-a.ii.44; Thag-a.284
2. *s …

1. an arrow, a dart AN.iv.107 (T. has it as nt.).
2. a small stick, peg, thin bar SN.iv.168; Dāvs iv.51.
3. blade of a grass MN.i.79; Ja.i.439.
4. ribs of a parasol Vin.iv.338; Snp-a.487; Mil.226.
5. …

Sama¹

calmness, tranquillity, mental quiet Snp.896. samaṃ carati to become calm quiescent Ja.iv.172. Cp. -cariyā & ˚cārin.

fr. śam: see sammati¹

Sa …

1. calm, quietude of heart MN.i.33; AN.i.61, AN.i.95; AN.ii.140; AN.iii.86 sq. (ceto˚), AN.iii.116 sq., AN.iii.449; AN.iv.360; AN.v.99; DN.iii.54, DN.iii.213, DN.iii.273; Dhp-a.ii.177; SN.iv.362; Dhs …

the fact of being endowed or connected with (-˚) Ja.iii.95 (paraloka˚); Vb-a.438 (fivefold: āyūhana˚ etc.).

abstr. fr. foll.

“what is carried together,” viz.

1. accumulation, product, preparation; sambhāraseda bringing on sweating by artificial means Vin.i.205.
2. materials, requisite ingredients (of food) Mil.258; Ja.i.48 …

the same as sambodha, the highest enlightenment DN.i.156; DN.ii.155; Dhp.89 = SN.v.29; Snp.478; SN.i.68, SN.i.181; AN.ii.14; Iti.28, Iti.42, Iti.117; Snp-a.73 See also sammā˚. …

1. consent, permission Vin.iii.199.
2. choice, selection, delegation Vin.iii.159.
3. fixing, determination (of boundary) Vin.i.106.
4. common consent, general opinion, convention, that which is genera …

future state, the next world Vin.ii.162; AN.iii.154; AN.iv.284 sq.; DN.ii.240; SN.i.108; Snp.141, Snp.864, Ja.i.219; Ja.iii.195; Mil.357; Dhp-a.ii.50.

fr. saṃ + parā + i

adjective belonging to the next world Vin.i.179; Vin.iii.21; DN.ii.240; DN.iii.130; AN.iii.49, AN.iii.364 AN.iv.285; MN.i.87; Iti.17, Iti.39; Ja.ii.74.

fr. last

1. what is cooked, a cooked preparation, concoction Vin.ii.259 (maṃsa˚ etc.); Vv.43#5 (kola˚); Vv-a.186.
2. ripeness, development Ja.vi.236.

saṃ + pāka

1. concentration; a concentrated, self-collected, intent state of mind and meditation which, concomitant with right living, is a necessary condition to the attainment of higher wisdom and emancipatio …

to run through, to transmigrate DN.i.14; AN.ii.1; SN.iii.149; Ja.i.503; aor. sandhāvissaṃ Dhp.153 = Ja.i.76 (= apar’ âparaṃ anuvicariṃ Dhp-a.iii.128).

saṃ + dhāvati

the visible world, worldly gain DN.iii.45, DN.iii.247; MN.i.43; Snp.891; Vin.ii.89; Mnd.288, Mnd.300 -parāmāsin infected with worldliness MN.i.97.

fr. saṃ + dṛś

preparation, encampment, settlement Thag-a.257.

saṃ + nivesa

position, settlement; pāṭiekka-˚ private, separate Ja.i.92.

saṃ + nivesana

having an equal, comparable, a friend MN.i.27.

sa³ + paṭipuggala

denomination of a purgatory and its inhabitants SN.iv.309 sq. Various readings Parājita and Sarañjita.

Sata¹

(num. card.) a hundred, used as nt (collect.), either-˚ or as apposition, viz. gāma-sataṃ a hundred (ship of) villages Dhp-a.i.180; jaṭila-satāni 100 ascetics Vin.i.24; jāti˚ DN. …

adverb seven times Vin.i.3; Iti.18; sattakkhattuparamaṃ seven times at the utmost; ˚parama one who will not be reborn more than seven times SN.ii.134 sq.; AN.i.233, AN.i.235; AN.iv.381 Kv.104; Pp.15 s …

thought, cogitation, perception, intention AN.ii.159 (atta˚, para˚); DN.iii.231 (id.) SN.ii.11, SN.ii.40, SN.ii.99 (mano˚); SN.ii.39 sq., SN.ii.247; SN.iii.60, SN.iii.227 sq. Vb.285; Dhs.70, Dhs.126. …

-ā (f.) touching, handling Vin.iii.121 (ā); Vin.iv.214 (a) (= parāmasanan nāma ito c’ ito ca).

saṃ + copana

1. to make known, to teach Ja.i.344; Mil.45.
2. to remonstrate with, gain over convince DN.i.236; MN.i.397; AN.i.75; SN.iv.313; Vin.i.10 Vin.ii.197; Mil.316.
3. to appease, conciliate Ja.i.479; Pv-a. …

Saṃ˚

indeclinable prefix, implying conjunction & completeness; saṃ˚; is after vi˚; (19’) the most frequent (16’) of all Pāli prefixes. Its primary meaning is “together” (cp. Lat. …

1. (lit.) coming together Ja.vi.414 (variant reading for T. saṃsandita).
2. (fig.) import application, reference, conclusion (lit. “flowing together”) Tikp.264. opamma˚; application of a simile “ter …

adhering, clinging DN.i.239 (paramparā˚).

pp. of saṃ + sañj

bond, fetter SN.iv.163 etc.; especially the fetters that bind man to the wheel of transmigration Vin.i.183; SN.i.23; SN.v.241, SN.v.251; AN.i.264 AN.iii.443; AN.iv.7 sq. (diṭṭhi˚); MN.i.483; Dhp.370; …

1. to knock against Vin.ii.208.
2. to sound, to ring Mhvs.21, Mhvs.29 (˚aghaṭṭayi).
3. to knock together, to rub against each other Ja.iv.98 (aṃsena aṃsaṃ samaghaṭṭayimha); Dāvs iii.87.
4. to provoke …

one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …

adjective white DN.ii.297 = MN.i.58; Snp.689; AN.iii.241; Vb-a.63 (opp kāḷa); Ja.i.175; Pv-a.157, Pv-a.215. name of a mountain in the Himālayas SN.i.67 = Mil.242; an elephant of King Pasenadi AN.ii …

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

branch Vin.i.28; MN.i.135; AN.i.152; AN.ii.165 AN.ii.200 sq.; AN.iii.19, AN.iii.43 sq., AN.iii.200; AN.iv.99, AN.iv.336; AN.v.314 sq.; Snp.791; Ja.v.393; Ja.ii.44; a spur of a hill AN.i.243; AN.ii.140 …

1. nature, character, habit behaviour; usually as-˚ in adj. function “being of such a nature,” like, having the character of…, e.g. adāna˚; of stingy character, illiberal Snp.244; Pv-a.68 (+ macc …

Sīsa¹

neuter lead DN.ii.351; SN.v.92; Mil.331; Vb-a.63 (= kāḷa-tipu); a leaden coin Ja.i.7; --kāra a worker in lead Mil.331; --maya leaden Vin.i.190.

cp. Sk. sīsa

Sīsa^{2</s …}

Ta˚

base of demonstr. pron. for nt., in oblique cases of m. & f., in demonstr. adv. of place & time (see also sa).

I. Cases: nom

sg. nt. tad (older) Vin.i.83; Snp.1052; Dh …

tamo darkness (syn. andhakāra, opp. joti), lit. as well as fig. (mental darkness = ignorance or state of doubt); one of the dark states of life & rebirth; adj. living in one of the d …

Tapa & Tapo

1. torment, punishment, penance, esp. religious austerity, self-chastisement ascetic practice. This was condemned by the Buddha: Gotamo sabbaṃ tapaṃ garahati tapassiṃ lūkhajīviṃ upavadati …

Tapa & Tapo

1. torment, punishment, penance, esp. religious austerity, self-chastisement ascetic practice. This was condemned by the Buddha: Gotamo sabbaṃ tapaṃ garahati tapassiṃ lūkhajīviṃ upavadati …

adjective quite given to or intent upon (-˚), diligent, devoted Thag-a.148 (Tha-ap.57, Tha-ap.66) (mānapūjana˚ & buddhopaṭṭhāna˚).

Sk. tatpara

adjective (being) in truth, truthful true, real DN.i.190 (+ bhūta taccha); MN.iii.70; Thag.347; Snp.1115 (= Cnd.275 taccha bhūta, etc.). (nt. tathaṃ = saccaṃ, in cattāri tathāni the 4 truths SN.v.430 …

Num. ord. the third
■ Snp.97 (parābhavo); Snp.436 (khuppipāsā as the 3rd division in the army of Māra), Snp.1001; Ja.ii.353; Dhp.309; Pv-a.69 (tatiyāya jātiya: in her third birth). Tatiyaṃ (nt. adv …

1. from this, in this SN.iii.96 (tatoja); Ja.iii.281 (tato paraṃ beyond this after this); Cnd.664 (id.); DN-a.i.212 (tatonidāna).
2. thence Ja.i.278; Mil.47.
3. thereupon, further afterwards Ja.i.58; …

is to be read for -tthambha in para˚ Ja.iv.313.

…Four people are thūpārahā, worthy of a tope, viz. a Tathāgata, a Tathāgatasāvaka a Paccekabuddha, a Cakkavattin DN.ii.143; AN.ii.245…

…this N.), Snp.1130 (aparā pāraṃ gaccheyya tasmā “Parāyanaṃ” iti)

III. Peculiarities of spelling

1. in comb^n.…

preposition & adverb (always ˚-) across, beyond, over, outside afar. See also tiraccha & tiriyaṃ.

-karaṇī (f.) a curtain, a veil (lit. “drawing across” Vin.i.276; Vin.ii.152; -kucchigata havin …

…DN.iii.54; Snp.21 (+ pāragata), Snp.359 (+ parinibbuta), Snp.515, Snp.545 (tiṇṇo tāres’ imaṃ pajaṃ); Iti.123 (tiṇṇo…

adjective only in negative atula incomparable, not to be measured, beyond compare or description Vv.30#4 (= anupama Vv-a.126); Pv.ii.8#9 (= appamāṇa Pv-a.110); Pv.iii.3#2 (= asadisarūpa Pv-a.188) …

Tulya & Tuliya

(also tulla Ja.iv.102) adjective to be weighed, estimated, measured; matched equal, comparable Snp.377; Ja.iii.324; Pv-a.87 (= samaka) Mostly in the negative atulya incomparable, …

Tulya & Tuliya

(also tulla Ja.iv.102) adjective to be weighed, estimated, measured; matched equal, comparable Snp.377; Ja.iii.324; Pv-a.87 (= samaka) Mostly in the negative atulya incomparable, …

adverb so much, so long; usually correl. with yāva how long, how much; in all meanings to be understood out of elliptical application of this correlation Thus

I

*yāva-tāva …

to shelter protect, preserve, guard; bring up, nourish SN.iv.246 (rūpa-balaṃ, bhoga˚, ñāti˚, putta˚); Ja.iv.387; Snp.579 (paralokato na pitā tāyate puttaṃ ñātī vā pana ñātake) Pv-a.7 (khettaṃ tāyati …

water Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.213; DN.ii.15 (˚assa dhārā gushes or showers of w.); Dhp.80 Dhp.145; Ja.i.212; Pv.i.5#7; Pp.31, Pp.32; Mil.318; Vv-a.20 (udake temanaṃ aggimhe tāpanaṃ); Dhp-a.i.289; Dhp-a. …

taken up, taken, acquired Vin.i.212; Ja.iii.168 (˚sippa, adj.), Ja.iii.325; Ja.iv.220; Ja.vi.76; Vism.241. The metric form is uggahīta at Snp.795, Snp.833, Snp.1098 Mnd.175 = Cnd.152 (= gahita parām …

adjective raising, exalting (oneself), extolling MN.i.19 (att˚; opp. para-vambhin); Ja.ii.152. Cp sāmukkaṃsika.

fr. ukkaṃsa

raising, extolling, exaltation, in att˚ self-exaltation, self-praise MN.i.402 (opp para-vambhanā); Cnd.505 (id.).

abstr. of ukkaṃsati

to exalt, praise MN.i.498; Ja.iv.108
pp ukkaṭṭha
■ ukkaṃseti in same meaning MN.i.402 sq. (attānaṃ u. paraṃ vambheti); AN.ii.27; Cnd.141.

ud + kṛṣ, karṣati, lit. draw or up, raise

(or ˚aṃ nt.) maddening Snp.399 (+ mohanaṃ = paraloke ummādanaṃ ihaloke mohanaṃ Snp-a.377); Thag-a.2, Thag-a.357 (cp. Thag-a.243).

abstr. fr. ummāda

upa*, e.g. devūpaṭṭhāna, lokûpaga, puññûpatthambhita-Meanings:

1. (Rest): on upon, up-˚kiṇṇa covered over; ˚jīvati live on (cp. anu˚); ˚tthambhita propped up, sup-ported; ˚cita heap …

to run up to or after, fall upon, surround Vin.ii.207; Vin.iv.260 (pp. ˚dhāvita); SN.i.185; SN.ii.26 (aparantaṃ); Thag.1209; Mil.209; Vv-a.256; Pv-a.154, Pv-a.168, Pv-a.173 (for padhāvitā).

upa \ …

(-˚) adjective noun living on, subsisting by AN.ii.135 (phal˚); Snp.217 (para-datt˚), Ja.i.227 (vohār˚); Ja.iv.380; Pp.51; Mil.160 (Satth˚); Vv-a.141 (sipp˚). f. upajīvinī in rūp˚ (itthi) a woman e …

help, service, support; means of existence, livelihood DN.ii.340; AN.ii.86; Ja.i.7; Pv-a.60 (commodities), Pv-a.133 (˚manussa, adj. suitable, fit) Sdhp.69. In general any instrument or means of achi …

likeness, simile, parable, example (cp. formula introducing u. SN.ii.114; MN.i.148); Snp.705 (cp. Dhp.129, Dhp.130), Snp.1137 (= upanidhā sadisaṃ paṭibhāgo Cnd.158); Iti.114; Vism.341 Vism.478, Vism.5 …

measured out, likened, like, comparable Thig.382 (= sadisa Thag-a.255).

pp. of caus. upa + mā

ill-will, grudge, enmity MN.i.15; AN.i.91, AN.i.95, AN.i.299; AN.iv.148, AN.iv.349, AN.iv.456; AN.v.39, AN.v.41 sq., AN.v.209 AN.v.310; Pp.18 = Vb.357 (pubbakālaṃ kodho aparakālaṃ upanāho Mil.289.

f …

minor perfection Bv.i.77 (opp. paramattha-pāramī); Dhp-a.i.84.

upa + pāramī, cp. upa 5

formed Thag-a.211; Sdhp.616.

pp. of upa + rac

viceroyalty AN.iii.154 (variant reading opa˚); Ja.i.511; Ja.iv.176; DN-a.i.134.

upa + rajja, cp. uparaja

to cease, desist, to be quiet Ja.iii.489; Ja.v.391 (variant reading for upāramati, also in C.); Mil.152.

upa + ram

cessation Mil.41, Mil.44 (an˚).

cp. lit. Sk. uparama, to uparamati

having ceased, desisting from (-˚), restraining oneself (cp. orata) Vin.i.245 (ratt-ûparata abstaining from food at night = ratti-bhojanato uparata DN-a.i.77); DN.i.5 (id.); MN.i.319 (bhaya˚); Snp …

ceasing, resting; cessation MN.i.10; SN.iv.104; Mil.274.

fr. upa + ram

noise Ja.ii.2.

fr. upa + ru

secondary or deputy king, a viceroy Ja.i.504; Ja.ii.316; Dhp-a.i.392.

upa + rājā; see upa 5

adjective (-˚) pursuing, following, going after AN.iii.136 (vyatta˚); Mil.264 (rāj˚); Dhp-a.iii.482 (para-dār˚).

fr. upasevati

is commentator’s paraphrase for upekkhā (q.v.) Mnd.501 = Cnd.166 Vb.230.

abstr. fr. upa + īkṣ

At the time of the rise of Buddhism the word had come to mean the day preceding four stages of the moon’s waxing and waning, viz. 1^st, 8^th, 15^th 23^d nights …

to take hold of, to grasp, cling to, show attachment (to the world), cp. upādāna DN.ii.292; MN.i.56, MN.i.67; SN.ii.14; SN.iii.73, SN.iii.94, SN.iii.135; SN.iv.168 (na kiñci loke u. = parinibbāyati); …

blamed, reprimanded, reproved AN.v.230.

pp. of upārambhati

to cease, to desist Ja.v.391, Ja.v.498.

upa + ā + ram

…hostile Thag.360 sq.; DN-a.i.21, DN-a.i.263.

Sk. upārambha, upa + ālambhatc

to blame, reprimand, reproach MN.i.432, MN.i.433
pp upāraddha (q.v.).

Sk. upālambhate, upa + ā + labh

adjective large, bulky, immense; great big, strong. Only in one stock phrase “nāgo isādanto urūḷhavo” Vv.20#9, Vv.43#9 ; Ja.vi.488; of which variant n. ī ubbuḷhavā MN.i.414 = MN.i.450. The word is exp …

Usabha¹

a bull; often fig as symbol of manliness and strength (cp. nisabha) DN.i.6 (˚yuddha bull-fight), DN.i.9 (˚lakkhaṇa signs on a b.), DN.i.127; Vin.iii.39 (puris˚ “bull of a man”, a …

adjective “ut-most”, highest, greatest, best Snp.1054 (dhammaṃ uttamaṃ the highest ideal = Nibbāna for which seṭṭhan Snp.1064; cp. Cnd.317); Dhp.56; Mnd.211; Cnd.502 (in paraphrase of mahā comb^{d …}

highest amount, climax, limit DN-a.i.169 (for paramatā).

abstr. fr. uttama

Uttara¹

adjective

1. higher, high, superior, upper, only in compounds, Ja.ii.420 (musal˚ with the club on top of him? Cy not clear, perhaps to uttara²); see also below.
2. nort …

Uḍḍeti¹

to fly up MN.i.364 (kāko maṃsapesiṃ ādāya uḍḍayeyya; vv.ll. ubbaḍaheyya, uyya dayeyya); Ja.v.256, Ja.v.368, Ja.v.417.

ud + ḍeti to fly. The etym. is doubtful, Müller P. Gr. 99 id …

˚- speech, words; rare by itself (and in this case re-established from compounds and poetical, as at Snp.472 (yassa vacī kharā; explained at Snp-a.409 by “vācā”), Snp.973 (cudito vacīhi = vācāhi Sn …

striking, killing; slaughter, destruction, execution DN.iii.176; AN.ii.113; Pp.58; Ja.ii.347; Mil.419 (˚kata); Dhp-a.i.69 (pāṇa˚ + pāṇa-ghāta), Dhp-a.i.80, Dhp-a.i.296; Dhp-a.ii.39; Vb-a.382
…

Vagga¹

1. a company, section group, party Vin.i.58 (du˚, ti˚), Vin.i.195 (dasa˚ a chapter of 10 bhikkhus).
2. a section or chapter of a canonical book Dhp-a.i.158 (eka-vagga-dvi-vagga- …

contempt, despite Vin.iv.6; MN.i.402 (att’ukkaṃsana: para-vambhana) Cnd.505; Vism.29; Vb-a.484; Pgdp.100
■ Spelt vamhanā at Ja.i.454 (vamhana-vacana) & at Dhs-a.396 (khuṃsana˚).

abstr. fr. vambheti

adjective (-˚) despising, treating with contempt, disparaging MN.i.95 (para˚, opp. to att’ ukkaṃ- saka).

fr. vambh

Vattha¹

neuter

1. cloth; clothing, garment raiment; also collectively: clothes; MN.i.36 sq. AN.i.132, AN.i.209, AN.i.286; AN.ii.85, AN.ii.241; AN.iii.27 (odātaṃ), AN.iii.50 (kāsikaṃ), AN. …

1. entered on, arranged, fixed, determined, settled MN.iii.25; Dhs-a.36
2. separated (opp. sambhinna) Vin.ii.67 sq.

pp. of vi + ava + sthā, cp. vavatthapeti & late Sk. vyavasthita “determination”

at Ja.vi.90 is not clear (in phrase jaṭaṃ vaḷīnaṃ pankagataṃ). The C. reads valinaṃ, paraphrased by ākulaṃ. Fausböll suggests malinaṃ. Should we accept reading valinaṃ? It would then be acc. sg. of …

1. a bamboo Snp.38 (vaṃso visālo va; vaṃso explained at Cnd.556 as “veḷugumba,” at Snp-a.76 as “veḷu”), ibid. (˚kaḷīra) Ja.vi.57; Vism.255 (˚kaḷīra); Kp-a.50 (id.).
2. race lineage, family AN.ii.27 …

appearance etc (lit. “cover, coating”). There is a considerable fluctuation of meaning, especially between meanings 2, 3, 4. One may group as follows.

1. colour Snp.447 (meda˚); SN.v.216 (chavi˚ of t …

…Snp-a.293 (manta-pāragū + veda-pāragū), Snp-a.322, Snp-a.448.

-antagu “one who has reached the end of knowledge, i.e. one…

“to sense,” usually in Denom. function (only one Caus. meaning: see aor. avedi); meaning twofold either intellectually “to know” (cp. veda), or with ref. to general feeling “to e …

indeclinable

I.

1. inseparable prefix of separation and expansion, in original meaning of “asunder,” semantically closely related to Lat. dis- & Ger ver-. Often as base-prefix in var mean …

adjective pertaining to ascertainment, making clear, explaining Pv-a.244 (paramattha˚).

fr. vibhāvana

in phrase -kāḷaka bhatta rice from which the black grains have been separated DN.i.105; MN.ii.8; DN-a.i.274; as vicita-bhatta in same sense at Ja.iv.371.

pp. of vi + ci to gather

widow SN.i.170; AN.iii.128; Ja.vi.33; Mil.288; Vism.17; Pv-a.65, Pv-a.161 Vb-a.339.

Vedic vidhavā widow, vidhu lonely, vidhura separaṭed, Av. vidavā = Goth. widuwō = Ohg. wituwa (Ger. Witwe = E. w …

adjective clever, wise, knowing, skilled in (-˚) SN.i.62 (loka˚); SN.v.197; Vin.ii.241 (pl. paracittaviduno); Snp.677 (vidūhi), Snp.996; Ja.v.222 (dhamma˚) Vv.30#11 (= sappañña Vv-a.127); Mil.276; M …

1. dispute, quarrel Ja.i.208 (ñātakānaṃ aññamaññaṃ viggaho); Mil.90 often combined with kalaha, e.g. Vin.ii.88; AN.iv.401 Mnd.302; Mil.383.
2. taking up form (lit. seizing on), “in …

1. to take hold of, to quarrel, to be in disharmony with; only in ger. viggayha disputing quarrelling, fighting Vin.ii.106 (read gg for g Bdhgh on p. 315: rubbing against each other); Ud.69; Snp.844, …

-ā (f.)

1. assignment, apportioning Vin.iv.60 = Vin.iv.123 = Vin.iv.283. At Vin.iv.122 two ways of assigning a gift are distinguished: sammukhāvikappanā & parammukhā˚. All these passages refer to …

to have or show strength, to exert oneself Ja.iii.184 (= parakkamati); Mil.400
pp vikkanta.

vi + kamati

withdrawal of support, stopping (the nīvaraṇas or any evil influences or corruptions: kilesa˚), arresting, paralysing; elimination discarding Pts.ii.179; Mnd.6; Cnd.338, Cnd.606#b Ja.iii.15 (kilesa˚ \ …

state of having undone or discarded, removal, destruction, paralysis Ne.15, Ne.16.

vikkhambhana + tā

(trs.) to “unprop,” unsettle, discard; to destroy, extirpate, paralyse (cp khambha 2 and chambheti), give up, reject Snp.969 (= abhibhavati etc. Mnd.492); Vism.268; Ja.i.303 (jhānabalena kilese v.); M …

arrested, stopped, paralysed, destroyed Pts.ii.179; Tikp.155, Kp.320 sq. Duka-pa.10.

pp. of vikkhambheti

Vimāna¹

neuter lit. covering a certain space, measuring; the def^ns given by Dhpāla refer it to “without measure,” i.e. immeasurable. Thus = vigata-māne appamāṇe mahanta vara-p …

the Vedic differentiations vetti “to know” and vindati “to find” are both in Pāli, but only in sporadic forms, some of which are archaic and therefore only found in poetry. Of * …

(or -bhuñjati)

1. [to bhuj, to bend, as in bhuja¹ & nibbhujati] to turn inside out Thig.471.
2. [to bhuj or bhuñj as in bhuñjati² and paribhuñjati²] to separ …

separated, distinguished, discriminated Vism.368.

pp. of vinibbhujati

indeclinable without, used as prep. (or post-position) with (usually) instr., e.g. Vin.ii.132 (vinā daṇḍena without a support); Pv-a.152 (purisehi vinā without men); or abl., e.g. Snp.589 (ñāti …

indeclinable endeavouring strongly, with all one’s might Snp.425

ger. of vi + parakkamati

(Viparāmāsa) highway robbery DN.i.5 (explained as twofold at DN-a.i.80, viz. hima˚ & gumba˚ or hidden by the snow & a thicket; the pop. etym given here is “janaṃ musanti,” i.e. they steal, or begui …

reversed, changed DN.i.8; MN.ii.3; SN.iii.12; SN.v.419; DN-a.i.91.

pp. of vi + parā + vṛt

wrong state, false manifestation, failure, misfortune (opp. sampatti) Vin.i.171 (ācāra failure of morality); AN.i.270 (ājīva˚); AN.iv.26, AN.iv.160 (atta˚ para˚); Pts.i.122; Ja.v …

separation Snp.41; Pv-a.161 (piya˚).

vi + payoga

separated SN.ii.173 (visaṃyutta +); Snp.914 (or ˚mutta). -paccaya the relation of dissociation Tikp.6, Kp.53 sq., Kp.65; Vism.539.

vi + payutta

to become annoyed, to get angry (lit. to get heated): this meaning as translation of vi + pac, although not quite correct as pac means to “ripen” and is not ordinarily used of heated conditions …

adjective separated from one’s kingdom, living in a foreign country Vv-a.336.

vi + rajja + ka

adjective

1. discoloured, fading in colour Ja.iii.88 (fig. saddhā avirāginī), Ja.iii.148 (rāga fading in the original dye, of citta).
2. changing reversing AN.iii.416 (of dukkha: dandha˚ & khippa˚ of …

adjective separated, unconnected with (instr.) MN.i.480; DN-a.i.59.

vi + saṃsaṭṭha

(& visaññoga) disconnection, separation from (-˚), dissociation Vin.ii.259 (ññ) = AN.iv.280; DN.iii.230 (kāma-yoga˚, bhava˚, diṭṭhi˚, avijjā˚ cp. the 4 oghas), DN.iii.276; AN.ii.11; AN.iii.156. …

brightness, splendour, excellency; (ethically) purity, holiness, sanctification virtue, rectitude Vin.i.105 (visuddho paramāya visuddhiyā); DN.i.53; DN.iii.214 (diṭṭhi˚, sīla˚), DN.iii.288; MN.i.147; …

indeclinable separately, individually; separate, apart Dhp-a.ii.26 (mātā-pitaro visuṃ honti). Usually repeated (distributively) visuṃ visuṃ each on his own, one by one, separately, e.g. Vism.250; …

1. overcome or having overcome, gone through, conquered Dhp.141 (˚kankha); Snp.514 (id.) 746; Pv-a.181.
2. given up, rejected, abandoned Dhp.176 (˚paraloka); Ja.iv.447 (= pariccatta C.).

pp. of vitarati

causing separation, making discord DN.i.11; DN-a.i.96.

fr. vivadati

to live away from home, to be separated, to be distant Ja.iv.217
■ Cp. vippavasati.

vi + vasati²

to cause separation, to separate, to keep back, dissuade Vin.i.64; DN.i.226; SN.iii.110 MN.i.256; Pv.iii.10#7 (= paribāheti Pv-a.214); Mil.339; Dhs-a.311; Ne.113, Ne.164 (˚iyamāna).

Caus. of viviccati

detachment, loneliness, separation, seclusion; “singleness” (of heart), discrimination (of thought) DN.i.37, DN.i.182; DN.iii.222, DN.iii.226, DN.iii.283 = SN.iv.191 (˚ninna citta); SN.i.2, SN.i.194; …

indeclinable separating oneself from (instr.), aloof from DN.i.37; AN.iii.25; Ja.vi.388; Dhs.160 Pp.68; Vism.139, Vism.140 (explained in detail)
■ Doubtful reading at Pv.i.11#9 (for viricca?)
■ As …

to separate oneself, to depart from, to be alone, to separate (intrs.) Vin.iv.241; ger. viviccitvā Dhs-a.165, & vivicca (see sep.)
pp vivitta
■ Cp *[vi …

adjective separated, secluded, aloof, solitary, separate, alone DN.i.71; SN.i.110; AN.ii.210; AN.iii.92; AN.iv.436; AN.v.207, AN.v.270; Snp.221, Snp.338, Snp.810 Snp.845; Mnd.201; Kv.605; Mil.205; DN\ …

separation Dhs-a.166
■ Cp. viveka.

fr. viviccati

dispute, quarrel, contention DN.i.236; DN.iii.246; AN.iv.401; Snp.596, Snp.863, Snp.877, Snp.912; Mnd.103, Mnd.167 Mnd.173, Mnd.260, Mnd.307; Pp.19, Pp.22; Ud.67; Ja.i.165; Mil.413; Vv-a.131. There a …

1. (adj.) determined, of settled opinion, learned, accomplished; only in stock phrase sāvakā viyattā vinītā visāradā (which Rh. D trsl^s “true hearers, wise and well-trained, ready etc. …

separation Ja.vi.482; Mhvs.19, Mhvs.16 (Mahābodhi˚); Pv-a.160, Pv-a.161 (pati˚ from her husband) Sdhp.77, Sdhp.164.

vi + yoga 2

preparation, display, distinction, splendour, majesty Snp.299 (= sampatti Snp-a.319).

vi + ākāra

only at DN.iii.43 in phrase ˚ṃ āpajjati in meaning of “making a distinction,” being particular (about food: bhojanesu), having a dainty appetite; explained by “dve bhāge karoti” Bdhgh. It seems to sta …

…âbhiññāvosāna-pārami-ppatta); Dhp.423 (cp Dhp-a.iv.233); Thag.784 (˚ṃ adhigacchati to reach perfection). 2. stopping, ceasing;…

adjective one who is getting drowned, “drownedling Ja.iii.507. Vulha & Vulha;

vuyhemāna with disparaging suffix ˚ka

Vyābādha & byābādha

oppression, injury, harm, hurting; usually in phrase atta˚ & para˚; (disturbing the peace of others of oneself) MN.i.89; SN.iv.339; AN.i.114, AN.i.157, AN.i.216; AN.ii.179-Also …

occupation, business, service, work Ja.i.341; Ja.v.60; Vism.595. Cp. veyyāvacca, vyappatha (by˚), vyāvaṭa.

vi + ā + pṛ.

separation, division; always contrasted with samāsa, e.g. Vism.82 (vyāsato separately distributively; opp. samāsato); Kp-a.187.

fr. vi + ās to sit

…accordingly!

= Sk. vyāpṛta, cp. vyāpāra, byappatha. & veyyāvacca

recitation, reading; -magga way of recitation, help for reading, division of text (into chapters or paragraphs) Tikp.239; Kp-a.12, Kp-a.14, Kp-a.24.

fr. vāceti

…(of) Mhvs.5, Mhvs.60 (pāra˚ speaking of the farther shore, i.e. wishing him across the sea).

fr. vāda

Vādika²

a species of…

Vāla¹

1. the hair of the tail horse-hair, tail Vin.ii.195 = Ja.v.335 (pahaṭṭha-kaṇṇavāla with bristling ears & tail, of an elephant); Ja.v.274 (so read for phāla, cp. p …

in combination suvānaya (SN.i.124, SN.i.238) is to be separated su-v-ānaya (see ānaya).

Vīta¹

adjective deprived of, free from, (being) without. In meaning and use cp. vigata˚. Very frequent as first part of a cpd., as e.g. the foll.:

• -accika without a flame, i.e. glo …

estrangement, alienation, separation, seclusion; always as twofold: kāya˚ citta˚; (of body & of mind), e.g. DN.iii.285 (Dial. iii.260 not correctly “serenity”); SN.v.67; AN.iv.152.

formed fr. vūpakāseti

Err:510

Ya-kāra

1. the letter (or sound) y: Ja.i.430 (padasandhikara); Ja.iii.433 (vyañjana-sandhi-vasena gahita).
2. the letter (or syllable) ya: Ja.v.427 (nipāta-matta). It is referred to at Vin.iv.7 …

Ya˚

I. Forms

(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …

to restrain, suppress, to become tranquil; only in stanza Dhp.6 = Thag.275 = Ja.iii.488 as 1^st pl. med yamāmase in imper. sense: “pare ca na vijānanti mayaṃ ettha yamāmase,” which is expl …

adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …

corn (in general), barley (in particular) Vin.iv.264; SN.iv.220; AN.iv.169.

-karaṇa the preparation of corn AN.iv.169. -kalāpī (or ˚inī) a sheaf of barley SN …

adjective asked, begged, borrowed MN.i.365 (˚ṃ bhogaṃ) Ja.iv.358 = Ja.vi.127 (˚ṃ yānaṃ and ˚ṃ dhanaṃ, alluding to MN.i.365–MN.i.366), with explⁿ Ja.iv.358: “yaṃ parena dinnattā labbhati taṃ …

pronoun, relative

1. yāvant as adj.: as many (as) Dhp.337 (hāvant’ ettha samāgatā as many as are assembled here); Ja.v.72 (yāvanto uda-bindūni… tāvanto gaṇḍū jāyetha; C. on p. …

indeclinable lokasmiṃ yad idam arahanto “as far as the abodes of beings, as far as heaven, these are the highest these are the best, I mean the Arahants.” SN.iii.84 yāvatā dhammā sankhatā vā asankhatā …

…DN-a.i.100, viz. sāvaka-pāramī-ñāṇa, paccekabuddha˚ sabbaññuta˚ (highest k. of a relig. student k. of a wise man, & omniscience)….

1. putting up, putting down, placing, laying AN.iv.41 (aggissa ādhānaṃ, variant reading of 6 MSS ādānaṃ).
2. receptacle MN.i.414 (udak˚), cp. ādheyya.
3. enclosure, hedge Mil.220 (kaṇṭak˚ thorny brake …

oblation, sacrifice; veneration, adoration MN.iii.167; SN.i.141; Thag.566 (-īnaṃ paṭiggaho recipient of sacrificial gifts); Ja.i.15; Ja.v.70 (id.) Vv.64#33 (paramâhutiṃ gato deserving the highest a …

touched, handled Ja.i.98 (an˚); DN-a.i.107 (= parāmaṭṭha); Sdhp.333.

Sk. āmṛṣṭa, pp. of āmasati; cp. āmasita

incomparableness, excellency, supreme ideal DN.iii.102 sq.; AN.v.37.

see also anuttariya which as-˚ probably represents ānutt˚

accident, misfortune distress, DN.iii.190; AN.ii.68 (loc. pl. āpadāsu), AN.ii.187; AN.iii.45; AN.iv.31; Thag.371; Ja.iv.163 (āpadatthā, a difficult form; vv.ll. T. aparattā, āpadatvā, C. aparatthā; ex …

…Ne.107; an˚; unsupported, independent Snp.743 (= nibbāna Snp-a.507). Cp. also nirambha upārambha, sārambha.

Sk. ārambha in meaning…

…Vv-a.38
■ rūpārammaṇa lit dependence on form, i.e. object of sight, visible form especially striking appearance, visibility,…

1. to please, win favour, propitiate, convince Ja.i.337 (dārake), Ja.i.421, Ja.i.452; Ja.ii.72 (manusse); Ja.iv.274 (for ābhirādheti T.); Vism.73 (ārādhayanto Nāthassa vana-vāsena mānasaṃ); Dhp-a.ii …

indeclinable

1. sitting on, going to, approaching; allocated, belonging to; sometimes merely as prep. acc “near” (cp. āsanna) Snp.418 (āsajja naṃ upāvisi he came up near to him), Snp.448 (kāko va sel …

1. sun-heat Snp.52; Ja.i.336; Dhs.617; Dpvs.i.57; Vv-a.54; Pv-a.58.
2. glow, heat (in general Pv.i.7#4; Sdhp.396.
3. (fig.) (cp. tapa²) ardour, zeal exertion Pv-a.98 (viriyā-tapa; perh …

1. to turn over, incline, bend MN.iii.96; Ja.iv.56 (so read for āvijjhanto); DN-a.i.10 (kāyaṃ).
2. to incline (the mind); observe, reflect, muse, think heed, listen for. According to Cpd. 227 often …

adjective (-˚) special peculiar, separate Vin.ii.204 (˚uposatha etc.); Ja.i.490 (˚sangha-kammāni).

according to Trenckner, Notes 75 fr. ā + vinā “Sine quā non”, but very doubtful

Ūmī & Ūmi

feminine a wave MN.i.460 (˚bhaya); SN.iv.157; SN.v.123 (˚jāta); AN.iii.232 sq. (id.); Snp.920; Ja.ii.216; Ja.iii.262 Ja.iv.141; Mil.260 (˚jāta)
■ Note. A parallel form of ūmī is *ummī …

Ūmī & Ūmi

feminine a wave MN.i.460 (˚bhaya); SN.iv.157; SN.v.123 (˚jāta); AN.iii.232 sq. (id.); Snp.920; Ja.ii.216; Ja.iii.262 Ja.iv.141; Mil.260 (˚jāta)
■ Note. A parallel form of ūmī is *ummī …

the thigh Snp.610; Vin.ii.105 (in contrast with bāha); Vin.iii.106; Ja.i.277; Ja.ii.275, Ja.ii.443; Ja.iii.82; Ja.v.89, Ja.v.155; Cnd.659 (so read for uru); Vv.64#13; DN-a.i.135 = Vin.ii.190.

• *-a …