to become, to be, exist, behave etc. (cp. Cnd.474 sambhavati jāyati nibbattati pātu-bhavati)

I. Forms

There are two bases used side by side, viz bhav˚; and (contracted) ho˚; the latte …

is represented in Pali by kanta²; katta being found only in cpd. pari˚.

pp. of kantati²; cp. Sk. kṛtta

to get wet, soiled or stained, to dirty oneself, be impure Iti.76 (of clothes, in the passing away of a deva) Thag.954 (kilisissanti, for kilissanti); Pts.i.130. Kilisseyya Dhp.158 (explained as ninda …

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

Pali˚

round, around (= pari) only as prefix in cpds (q.v.). Often we find both pari˚ & pali˚ in the same word.

a variant of pari˚, to be referred to the Māgadhī dialect in which it is found most fre …

adjective = pari˚; changing, turning round (of cīvara) Vin.iv.59, Vin.iv.60. Parivasika = pari

Pārivāsika = pari˚

(a probationer), Vin.i.136; Vin.ii.31 sq., where distinguished from a pakatatta bhikkhu, a regular, ordained bh. to whom a pārivāsika is inferior in rank.

-Y-

combination consonant (sandhi), inserted (euphonically) between 2 vowels for the avoidance of hiatus. It has arisen purely phonetically from i as a sort of “gliding or semi-vowel within a wo …

adjective breaking, see *pari*˚.

fr. chindati

to be uncertain about Vin.ii.274. Cp pari˚.

Denom. fr. sankā; Dhtp.4 defines saṅk as “sankāyaṃ”

experience, learning Mil.349. See also pari˚.

fr. byatta

Abhi-

I. Meaning

1. The primary meaning of abhi is that of taking possession and mastering, as contained in E. coming by and over-coming, thus literally having the function of facing …

Pariyatta¹

neuter learning understanding, comprehension, only in phrase indriyaparo pariyatta (-ñāṇa) (knowledge of) what goes on in the intentions of others AN.v.34, AN.v.38; Pts.i.121 …

reflected, reasoned, argued DN-a.i.121. Cp. pari˚.

pp. of vitakketi

see *pari*˚.

of mṛdh

see *pari*˚.

to lament, etc.; see *pari*˚. Cp. also parideva etc.

div

1. to comprise Pv-a.80, Pv-a.117; Snp-a.200 (ger. ˚gahetvā), Snp-a.347 (˚gaṇhitvā).
2. to collect Mhvs.10, Mhvs.24.
3. to contain, include Mil.40.
4. to compile, abridge Mhvs.37, Mhvs.244.
5. to t …

flowing over Ja.vi.328.

pp. of pari + sru

to loosen, make loose SN.ii.89 (mūlāni).

pari + sṛj

LakkhīLacchī

Normally Lakkhī is the Pali equivalent of the goddess of luck, Lakśmī. However in the early texts the name only appears in one obscure Therīgāthā verse. Thig.421

In Pali Literature the Asuras are classed among the inferior deities together with the supaṇṇas, gandhabbas, yakkhas, garuḍas and nāgas. Rebirth as an Asura is considered as one of the four …

to spread all over (intrs.) Mil.197.

pari + ottharati

1. to obstruct refuse, keep back, hinder, withhold Vin.ii.166; Vin.iv.42 Vin.iv.131; Ja.i.217 (cp. paṭibāhati ibid.); Ja.iii.138 (aor. ˚buddhi.), Ja.iv.159; Mil.263.
2. to delay Mil.404 (or should we …

breaking up Cnd.576 (sambhañjana + variant reading pari˚). See also sam˚. The spelling phali˚ occurs at Thag-a.288.

pari + bhañjana

Pa˚

indeclinable directional prefix of forward motion, in applied sense often emphasising the action as carried on in a marked degree or even beyond its mark (cp. Ger. ver-in its function of Goth. f …

to swallow Ja.i.346.

pari + gilati

adjective very dear, highly valued Sdhp.571.

pari + pīta

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

1. finished, concluded, satisfied, DN.ii.224; MN.i.12 (paripuṇṇa +).
2. [pp. of pari + ava + śri, cp. ajjhosita] fixed on, bent on Mil.140 (˚sankappa).

pp. of pari + ava + sā

to think over, consider thoroughly examine, search SN.ii.80 sq.; Iti.42 = Snp.975 (ppr dhammaṃ ˚vīmaṃsamāna, cp. Mnd.508); DN-a.i.134; Dhp-a.iv.117 (attānaṃ).

pari + vīmaṃsati, Desid. of pari + * …

adjective all, entire Snp.672; Mil.3. occurs usually in oblique cases used adverbially, e.g. acc. samantaṃ completely Snp.442; abl. samantā (DN.i.222; Ja.ii.106; Vin.i.32) & *[s …

moistened Ja.i.52 (su˚). Cp. pari˚.

pp. of sedeti

ripening, healing (of a wound) Mil.112.

pari + paccana

defence AN.i.154.

pari + yodha

controlling, taming Vism.375.

pari + damana

adjective deeply hollowed, sunken Sdhp.103.

pari + ninna

enveloped, covered, wrapped round Vin.iv.17.

pari + channa, pp. of chad

cover, covering Ja.i.341, Ja.i.466.

fr. pari + chad

to control, tame, keep under Vism.376.

pari + dameti

dried up, emaciated Mil.303. Cp. pari˚.

pp. of sukkhati

primary meaning “to increase” (trs. intrs.); hence: to keep on, to prosper, to multiply, to grow SN.i.15 (read vaḍḍh˚ for vaṭṭ˚); SN.ii.206 (vaṇṇena), SN.iv.73, SN.iv.250; AN.v.249 (paññāya); Snp.329 …

1. end Pv-a.287.
2. accomplishment Ja.v.400.

pari + niṭṭhāna

to become ripe, to heal (of a wound) Mil.112.

pari + paccati

to lead round or about SN.ii.128.

pari + neti

to become clean or pure MN.i.39; SN.i.34, SN.i.166; Mnd.85; Vism.3; cp. pari˚
pp suddha -Caus. sodheti (q.v.).

śudh which the Dhtp (41 …

to oppress, attack Pv-a.193 (= hiṃsati).

pari + bādh

scattered Thig.391 (reading doubtful).

pp. of pari + pakkirati

censure, abuse, blame Ja.v.373; Pv-a.175.

fr. pari + bhāṣ

to question AN.v.16.

denom. fr. pari + pañha

(& -eti) “to try to think,” to consider, examine find out, investigate, test, trace, think over Snp.215 (˚amāna), Snp.405; Ja.i.128, Ja.i.147, Ja.i.200; Ja.vi.334; Mil.143; Pv-a.145, Pv-a.215, Pv …

consideration, examination, test, investigation, the fourth of the Iddhipādas, q.v. DN.iii.77 (˚samādhi), DN.iii.222; SN.v.280; AN.i.39, AN.i.297; AN.iii.37 AN.iii.346; AN.v.24, AN.v.90, AN.v.338; Pts …

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

Ādeva, Ādevanā

lamenting, deploring, crying etc. in ster. phrase (explaining parideva or pariddava) ādevo paridevo ādevanā pari˚ ādevitattaṃ pari˚ Mnd.370 = Cnd.416 = Pts.i.38.

ā + div. devati

Paricita¹

gathered, accumulated, collected, increased, augmented MN.iii.97; SN.i.116; SN.ii.264; SN.iv.200; AN.ii.67 sq., AN.ii.185; AN.iii.45, AN.iii.152, AN.iv.282, AN.iv.300; AN.v.23; T …

Ādeva, Ādevanā

lamenting, deploring, crying etc. in ster. phrase (explaining parideva or pariddava) ādevo paridevo ādevanā pari˚ ādevitattaṃ pari˚ Mnd.370 = Cnd.416 = Pts.i.38.

ā + div. devati

Muddha¹

infatuated, bewildered, foolish Ja.v.436.

• -dhātuka bewildered in one’s nature, foolish(ly Ja.iv.391 (variant reading luddha˚); Dhp-a.iii.120 (variant read …

spread out wide Mil.99.

pari + vitthiṇṇa, Sk. vīstīrṇa, pp., of vi + stṛ.

Bhaṭṭha¹

dropped, fallen down Ja.i.482; Ja.iv.222, Ja.iv.382; Ja.v.444. Cp. pari˚.

pp. of bhraṃś, see bhassati

Bhaṭṭha²

spoken, said Vv.63#19 (su˚ = s …

covering, concealment Pp.19, Pp.23. Cp. pari˚.

fr. chādeti

to carry about Thig.439 (dārake).

pari + vahati

to obstruct, withhold etc.: see pali˚.

at Ja.v.74 is probably to be read parikkhita (pari + ukṣ): see okkhita “sprinkled, strewn,” unless it is misreading for parikiṇṇa.

overpowered, injured, damaged Vin.ii.109 (so read for paricita).

pp. of pari + ji, jayati; Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. proposes reading parijīta, Sk. form of P. parijīna, pp. of pari jīyati, but …

adjective very smooth or soft Mil.198.

pari + saṇha

(to deal out) only BSk pary˚ Divy.202.

to hide, to conceal. See paṭi˚, pari˚
caus gūhayati Sdhp.189 (gūhayaṃ ppr.). Cp. gūḷha.

Sk. gūhati, pp. gūḍha; see guyha, guhā, etc.

to excite violently Mil.253.

Caus. of pari + kup

adjective being in dread of (-˚) SN.i.201.

pari + tāsin, fr. tāsa of tasati²

cut round, cut off Mil.188.

pp. of pari + kantati²; corresponds to Sk, kṛtta, which is usually represented in P. by kanta²

to remember, recollect Ja.vi.199 (read parissaraṃ).

pari + smr, but according to Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. pari here fr. Prk. paḍi = Sk. prati, thus for pratismarati.

scared (exceedingly), frightened Sdhp.147.

pari + tajjita

Pubba¹

pus, matter, corruption MN.i.57; MN.iii.90; SN.i.150; SN.ii.157; AN.i.34; Ja.ii.18; Mil.382; Pv-a.80
■ In detail discussed (as one of the 32 ākāras) at Vism.261, Vism.360; Kp- …

to surround, enfold, embrace MN.i.306.

anu + pari + harati

Parikantati¹

to wind round, twist Ja.iii.185 (pāso pādaṃ p.; but taken by C. as parikantati² explained as “cammādīni chindanto samantā kantati”).

pari + kantati¹

P …

adverb from all sides Vv-a.236.

pari + samantato

see ava˚, anu˚ (aor. anvakāsi), pari˚; otherwise kasati; cp. also kissati.

kṛṣ

Pārivāsika = pari˚

(a probationer), Vin.i.136; Vin.ii.31 sq., where distinguished from a pakatatta bhikkhu, a regular, ordained bh. to whom a pārivāsika is inferior in rank.

dried up, withered Mil.303 (˚hadaya).

pp. of pari + ṡukṣ. Intens. of śuṣ

1. to get thin, to become exhausted, to waste, weary, worry Ja.vi.495 (pret. mā kisittha C. mā kisā bhava).
2. [Pass. of kassati, kṛṣ ] see *pari*˚

den. fr. kisa

gladdened, very pleased Pv-a.13.

pp. of pari + hṛṣ

throwing down Ja.vi.508 (bhūmiyā p.).

fr. pari + śumbh

Paritta¹

adjective small, little, inferior, insignificant limited, of no account, trifling Vin.i.270; DN.i.45; MN.iii.148 (˚ābha of limited splendour, opp. appamāṇ’ ābha); SN.ii.98; SN.iv. …

A. Prep. and pref. of direction & place:

1. as direction denoting a movement towards a definite end or goal up to, over, toward, to, on (see C 1a.)
2. as place where (prep. c. loc. or abs.) = …

drying up completely, withering Ja.v.97.

fr. pari + śuṣ

1. “gone completely into,” included in, belonging to, got into Vin.i.46 (patta˚ that which has been put into the bowl); DN.i.45 (= ābaddha DN-a.i.127); Snp-a.397 (milakkhabhāsa˚ etc.); Kp-a.136 (vi …

lit. “going round” analysed by Bdhgh in 3 diff. meanings, viz. vāra (turn, course) desanā (instruction, presentation), and kāraṇa (cause reaso …

1. to learn (by heart), to master, to gain mastership over, to learn thoroughly Vin.iv.305 (parittaṃ a charm) DN.i.117 (= jānāti DN-a.i.117); AN.iii.86 (dhammaṃ); fut pariyāpuṇissati Dhp-a.i.382 ( …

1. to go round (acc.) Ja.i.307.
2. to come near Ja.ii.440.

pari + yā

Pariyogāhati & ˚gāheti

to penetrate, fathom, scrutinise AN.ii.84; AN.iv.13, AN.iv.145 sq. (paññāya) Ja.i.341; Pp.33 (a˚), Pp.48 sq. Cp. ajjhogāhati.

pari + ogāhati

Pariññā¹

feminine accurate or exact knowledge, comprehension full understanding MN.i.66, MN.i.84; SN.iii.26 (yo rāgakkhayo dosā˚ moha˚ ayaṃ vuccati p.), SN.iii.159 sq., SN.iii.191; SN.iv.1 …

to burn: Pass. pariḍayhati to be burnt or scorched MN.i.422; SN.i.188 = Thag.1224; AN.i.137; AN.iii.95, AN.iii.98; Snp.63; Pts.i.128 (ḷ); Pv.i.6#4 (= parito jhāyati Pv-a.33); …

ā (f.) plunging into, penetration Pts.i.106, Pts.i.112; Pts.ii.183; Dhs.390 (a˚), Dhs.425 (a˚); Pp.21 (a˚); Dhs-a.260.

pari + ogāhana

Pariyogāhati & ˚gāheti

to penetrate, fathom, scrutinise AN.ii.84; AN.iv.13, AN.iv.145 sq. (paññāya) Ja.i.341; Pp.33 (a˚), Pp.48 sq. Cp. ajjhogāhati.

pari + ogāhati

striking, beating Vism.142 (āhanana˚; in exposition of vitakka) = Dhs-a.114 (“circumimpinging” Expos. 151).

fr. pari + ā + han

to tie down, put over, envelop, cover up Vin.ii.137; SN.v.122; Ja.iii.398; Dhp-a.iii.153
pp pariyonaddha (q.v.).

pari + avanandhati

“taking up completely,” i.e. using up, consummation, consumption finishing, end MN.i.487 (kaṭṭha˚, opp. to upādāna) SN.i.152; SN.iii.16 sq. (cetaso p., cp. pariyādāya & ˚dinna), SN.iv.33 (sabb’ upādān …

possessed by (the C. explⁿ as given K.S. 320 is “abhibhūta”) biassed, taken up by, full of (-˚) MN.i.18; MN.iii.14; SN.iv.240 (maccheramala˚ ceto); AN.i.281; AN.ii.58; Iti.43 (diṭṭhigate …

to have great longing, to be distressed Ja.v.417, Ja.v.421 (mā ˚kaṇṭhi).

pari + ukkaṇṭhati

to utter solemnly, to proclaim aloud Dhs-a.1 (aor. ˚āhāsi).

pari + udāharati