…pūya → *pūva → *puvva → pubba (Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 46#1); cp. pūyati to smell rotten, Lat. pūs = E pus, Gr. πύχω to…

Icchati¹

to wish, desire, ask for (c. acc.), expect SN.i.210 (dhammaṃ sotuṃ i.); Snp.127, Snp.345, Snp.512, Snp.813, Snp.836; Dhp.162, Dhp.291; Mnd.3, Mnd.138, Mnd.164; Cnd. s.v.; Pv.ii.6# …

(vivādeti) to quarrel Snp.832 (= kalahaṃ karoti Mnd.173), Snp.879, Snp.895. Pot. 3^rd sg vivādiyetha (= kolahaṃ kareyya Mnd.307), & vivādayetha Snp.830 (id. explⁿ Mnd.170).

Den …

seized, taken up Snp.352, Snp.785, Snp.801, Snp.837, Snp.907; Mnd.76, Mnd.100, Mnd.193.

pp. of samuggaṇhāti

rival hero or fighter, an opponent in fight Snp.831 (= paṭipurisa paṭisattu paṭimalla Mnd.172); Mnd.173 (id.).

paṭi + sūra

1. (the very freq. & ordinary meaning) to get, to receive, obtain, acquire.
2. (fig.) to obtain permission to receive an opportunity, etc., as “pabbajituṃ sace lacchāmi” if I am allowed to receive the …

to speak, say, tell AN.iv.79; Snp.1037, Snp.1077 sq.; Pp.42; Pv-a.13, Pv-a.16, Pv-a.39;
pot 1^st sg. vade (so read for vado? MN.i.258; 3^rd sg. vadeyya Pv.i.3#3;
aor 3<s …

1. discrimination, distinction, thought, (firm) opinion thorough knowledge of (-˚) AN.iii.354 (pāpakamma˚) Snp.327 (dhamma˚), Snp.838 (= dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhi-vinicchayā Mnd.186), Snp.867 (˚ṃ kūrute; cp. …

…of theories, the (?) puppet-show of opinion MN.i.8, MN.i.486; Snp.55 (= dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni), K S ii.44; Vv.84#26;…

*Dassati¹

to see, to perceive.

1. (pres.) base dakkh [Sk. drakṣ]: pres.
   1. dakkhati Cnd.428 (= passati), 1st dakkhāmi ibid. (= passāmi) second dakkhasi SN.i.11 …

…nibbidā Pts.i.195; pubbe-nivāsânusati MN.i.22 MN.i.248, MN.i.347; MN.ii.38, etc.; Buddha˚ Cnd.235#3; Pts.i.133 Pts.ii.31, Pts.ii.195;…

to become, to be, exist, behave etc. (cp. Cnd.474 sambhavati jāyati nibbattati pātu-bhavati)

I. Forms

There are two bases used side by side, viz bhav˚; and (contracted) ho˚; the latte …

…maṇi˚ from Vepulla, and the last 3 without specification. See also remarks on gahapati. Kern,

…

…Kosmographie 191, 194. -purohita minister or priest to Mahābrahmā; ˚deva gods inhabiting the next heaven above the…

…Kosmographie 191, 194. -purohita minister or priest to Mahābrahmā; ˚deva gods inhabiting the next heaven above the…

…is ever lost“ Snp.666; puññâpuñña-kammassa nissandena kanaka vimāne ekikā hutvā nibbatti “through the consequence of both merit and…

…Dhp.253, Dhp.292; Mnd.331 (pubb˚); Vb.42, Vb.64, Vb.426; Pp.11 Pp.13, Pp.27, Pp.30 sq.; Mil.419; Dhs-a.48; Thag-a.94, Thag-a.173; Kp-a.26;…

…mā ḍayhittho punappunaṃ SN.i.188 vibhavañ ca bhavañ ca vippahāya vusitavā khīṇapunabbhavo sa bhikkhu Snp.514;…

…1889 207 (?).

onomat. *pu to blow, cp. Gr. φυσα blowing, bubble, φυσάω blow, Lat. pustula = pustule, Sk. *pupphusa = P….

of niccharati makes issue forth; emits, utters; purges

adjective noun warding off, one who prevents or puts a stop to SN.i.221; Mil.344.

fr. paṭisedha

…Pv-a.75 2. western (opp. purima or puratthima) DN.i.153 (disā); SN.i.145. 3. lowest, meanest Vin.ii.108; MN.i.23; SN.ii.203.

Sk. paścima,…

adjective free from impurity, stainless, clean, pure AN.iv.340; Dhp.243; Cnd.586; Vism.58 Sdhp.250. Nimmata-pitika

nis + mala

…though a certain relation to puṣpa seems to exist, cp. Sk. puṣpapattra a kind of arrow (lit. lotus-leaf) Halāyudha 2 314, and P….

freedom fr. moral blemish Mnd.340 = Nd ii.under pucchā Cnd.185; as adj. pure, unstained Dhp-a.iv.192 = Snp-a.469 (= anāvila).

nis + kilesa

…a human yoke“ = purisânucchavikā bhārā Snp-a.299), Snp.694 (asama˚ one who has to bear a heavy burden = asamaviriya Snp-a.489);…

…παίς child Lat. puer, pubes, Av. pupra, Lith. putýtis (young animal or bird), Cymr. wyr grandchild; also Sk. pota(ka young animal and…

…refuge, seat DN-a.i.67 (puññ˚). Cp. BSk. rājāśraya Jtm.31#56>; aśraya also in meaning “body”: see Avs.i.175 & Index;…

…(completely) DN.ii.137 (pupphāni Tathāgatassa sarīraṃ okiranti ajjhokiranti a.); Vv-a.38 (for abbhokirati Vv.5#9). pp….

…up to (acc.), attend, pursue SN.i.25, SN.i.122 (˚yuñjan “in loving self-devotion” mrs. rh. D.); SN.iii.154; SN.iv.104, SN.iv.175;…

…Dhp.148.

cp. Sk. pūti, pūyati to fester; Gr. πύχω, πϋον = pus; Lat. pūtidus putrid; Goth. fūls = Ger. faul, E foul

…Pv-a.1. To do good puññaṃ (puññāni) karoti DN.i.137; SN.iv.331; AN.v.177; Pv.i.11#9; or pasavati SN.i.182,…

adjective noun

1. (adj.) pure, bright, clear, shining Ja.v.419.
2. (m.) the fire SN.i.69; AN.iv.97; Dhp.71, Dhp.140; Ja.iv.26; Ja.v.63 (=…

…dat, of σύ), τοίνυν, τοίγαρ; Goth. pu, etc., cp tuvaṃ

…tuaṃ, cp. also part. tu; Gr. τύ, σύ; Lat. tu; Goth. pu; E. thou, etc.; Oir. tū

fulness DN-a.i.140 (māsa˚ full-moon).

abstr. to puṇṇa

…tuaṃ, cp. also part. tu; Gr. τύ, σύ; Lat. tu; Goth. pu; E. thou, etc.; Oir. tū

…diyo loke sako putto piyo loke sako pati, tato piyatarā… dhammassa magganā SN.i.210; ye keci ariyadhamme khantiyā upetā……

indeclinable how many? Vin.i.83 (k. sikkhāpadāni), Vin.i.155; SN.i.3 (˚sangâtiga having overcome how many attachments), SN.i.70; Snp.83, Snp.960, Snp.1018; Pts.ii.72; Mil.78; Dhp-a.i.7, Dhp-a.i.188; …

…-suci purity of body, i.e. of action (+ vacī˚, ceto˚ AN.i.273; Iti.55;

• -soceyya purification of…

…strive after, desire: āgatipunabbhavāya c. to desire a future rebirth SN.iv.201; vimokkhāya c to strive after emancipation SN.iii.121;…

…virtuous friend, an honest, pure friend; at Pp.24 he is said to “have faith, be virtuous, learned, liberal and wise”; MN.i.43 (opp. pāpa˚);…

…in the B. Vin.iv.39. -putta son of the B. said of bhikkhus or arahants Mil.143 cp. SN.iii.83: puttā Buddhassa orasā….

sacrificed, worshipped, offered Vin.i.36 = Ja.i.83; DN.i.55; Ja.i.83 (nt. “oblation”); Vv.34#26 (su˚, + sudinna, suyiṭṭha); Pp.21; Dhs.1215; DN-a.i.165; Dhp-a.ii.234.

• -āsana …

…valued as mīlha˚, puthujjana˚, anariya˚, and not worth pursuit: see kāmaguṇā, which passage closes: yaṃ ime pañca k-guṇe…

…same explⁿ for purisa-puggala at Vin.iv.214); “seṭṭh’ aṭṭhena puri setī ti puriso ti satto vuccati” Vv-a.42–

1….

…strive after, desire: āgatipunabbhavāya c. to desire a future rebirth SN.iv.201; vimokkhāya c to strive after emancipation SN.iii.121;…

… 2. With definition of a purpose piṇḍāya c. to go for alms (gāmaṃ to the village) Snp.386 bhikkhāya c. id. Ja.iii.82
■ With…

…atta-sammāpaṇidhi, pubbe-kata-puññatā AN.ii.32; Ja.v.114; mentioned at Pts.i.84. Cp. also Snp.554 sq.; Snp.684. Esp. pronounced in…

…yam etaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi Ajita taṃ vadāmi te: Snp.1037; taṃ te pavakkhāmi (this now shall I tell you:) Snp.1050; tesaṃ Buddho…

…& Fick, loc. cit. 124;

• -putta son of a br. Pv-a.62.
• -bhojana giving food (alms) to brahmans…

adjective whole, entire all, every DN.i.4; SN.iv.15; Vin.i.5; Iti.3; Cnd. s.v., nom pl. sabbe Snp.66; gen. pl. sabbesaṃ Snp.1030
■ nt sabbaṃ the (whole) world of sense-experience SN.iv.15 cp. …

…of a serpent’s hood). Cp. bhatta.

fr. puṭa

1. knowing Mil.168 (cp. SN.v.83).
2. (adj.) enlightening, teaching Bv.26, Bv.22 (pacchima-jana˚).

fr. bodheti

…on, rely on, trust, pursue Snp.798 (sīlabbataṃ; Snp-a.530 = abhinivisati); Vv-a.83 (katapuññaṃ). Pass. nissīyati Vv-a.83. pp….

cat DN.ii.83; MN.i.128, MN.i.334; SN.ii.270; AN.iii.122 (viḷāra); AN.v.202, AN.v.289; Thag.1138; Ja.i.461 (as representing deceit), Ja.i.480; Ja.v.406, Ja.v.416, Ja.v.418; Mil.118; Dhp-a.ii.152; Pp- …

indeclinable affirm
■ indef part. “then, now.”

1. most freq. combined with interr pron. and followed by kho, as kin nu kho Ja.ii.159 kacci Ja.i.279; kaccin nu (for kaccid nu) Ja.ii …

…a brahmin, viz. sujāta of pure birth, ajjhāyaka a student of the Vedas, abhirūpa handsome, sīlava of good conduct, paṇḍita clever…

scepticism, speculation, controversy Snp.834; Mnd.176.

pa + vitakka

to proceed, to go on;
inf sampayātave Snp.834;
pp sampayāta.

saṃ + payāti

to meet together, to assemble Bv.ii.171; Snp.222; to associate with, to enter with, to meet, DN.ii.354; Snp.834; Ja.ii.82; to go to see Vin.i.308; to arrive, come Snp.698; aor. 1 sg. -gañchiṃ DN.ii …

name.

1. Literal. nom. nāmaṃ SN.i.39; Snp.808; Ja.ii.131; Mil.27; acc. nāmaṃ Pv-a.145 (likhi: he wrote her name)
   ■ nāmaṃ karoti to give a name Snp.344 Cnd.466 (n’ etaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ on “ …

…of var. kinds of puggalā AN.ii.104 = Pp.45 -kāra 1 a potter; enumerated with other occupations and trades at…

…occurs at Ne.87 cp. Tālapuṭa’s good t. Thag.1091 f. 2. Import of the term: 1. various characterizations of t.: mahā˚ Snp.114…

gatekeeper, janitor Vin.i.269; DN.ii.83; DN.iii.64 sq., DN.iii.100; SN.iv.194; MN.i.380 sq.; AN.iv.107, AN.iv.110; AN.v.194; Ja.ii.132; Ja.iv.382 (two by name, viz. Upajotiya & Bhaṇḍa-kucchi), Ja.iv. …

an arched gateway, portal Vin.ii.154; DN.ii.83; Vv.35#1 (= dvārakoṭṭhaka-pāsādassa nāmaṃ Vv-a.160); Ja.iii.428; Dāvs v.48.

Sk. toraṇa, perhaps related to Gr. τύρσις, τύρρις = Lat. turris (tower), c …

…see puṇṇa.

• -puṇṇatā fullness or completion of the month DN-a.i.140; *…

…taking up the residence: purimikā & pacchimikā AN.i.51 i.e. the day after the full moon of Ā. or a month after that date. See upanāyika …

…part of age, as threefold: purima˚, majjhima˚, pacchima Nd ii.in def. of sadā 4. sīla (etc.) kh˚ the 3 (or 5 groups or…

adverb where? where to whither? Vin.i.83, Vin.i.107; Vin.ii.76; DN.i.223; Snp.487, Snp.1036; Ja.iii.76; Pv.ii.9#16; Dhp-a.i.3
■ k. nu kho where then where I wonder? DN.i.215 sq., Pv-a.22 (with Pot …

…(n); Ja.v.172 (= bhojaputta C.; n), Ja.vi.232 (n); DN-a.i.298 (ṇ); Pv-a.78 (n), Pv-a.112 (n); Vv-a.5 (n). Often combined with similar…

to cry, wail, weep, lament, bewail Dhp.371; Vv.83#12 Ja.vi.166; Mil.11, Mil.148; freq. of Petas: Pv-a.43, Pv-a.160 Pv-a.262 (cp. rodati)
■ In kāmaguṇā pass. urattāḷiṃ k MN.i.86 = Cnd. s.v.; AN.ii …

…about 5/6 of a penny and the purchasing power of a k. in our earliest records seems to have been about a florin
■ Frequent numbers as denoting a…

to know.

I. Forms

The 2 Vedic roots jān˚ & jñā˚; are represented in Pali by jān˚ & ñā˚ (ña˚)

1. jān:
   pres jānāti
   pot jāneyya (Snp.781) & jaññā (AN.iv.366 …

1. bristling, standing on end MN.i.83; Dāvs v.64; lomahaṭṭhajāta (cp. ˚loma) with bristling hairs, excited DN.ii.240; Snp.p.14.
2. joyful, happy Vin.i.15; Snp.1017; Ja.i.31, Ja.i.335; Ja.ii.32; ofte …

…stain, dirt, defilement, impurity. Thus taken conventionally by the P. commentators as the 3-fold blemish of man’s character: *rāga, dosa,…

vast number, a myriad Snp.677; Ja.i.25, Ja.i.83; Pv.iv.1#7; Dhp-a.i.88; Pv-a.22, Pv-a.265.

Sk. nayuta (m. pl.) of unknown etym. Is it the same as navuti? The corresponding v → y → h is frequent, a …

1. approach, access Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.152; Vin.iv.304; Ja.i.83, Ja.i.172; Dhs-a.328 (phal˚).
2. habit practice, conduct Vin.ii.20 (dassan˚); Snp-a.140 (id.); Ja.iii.280.
3. way, means application, …

over-balancing, agitation, excitement distraction, flurry (see on meaning; Dialogues i.82; Dhs trsl^n. 119; Cpd. 18, 45, 83). AN.i.256, AN.i.282; AN.iii.375, AN.iii.421 AN.iii.449; AN …

(or ˚nā f.?) resulting, procedure, achievement, plot Ja.iv.83.

n. abstr. fr. nipp(h)ajjati

…yaṃ kiñc’ āyaṃ purisa-puggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā d ˚ṃ vā a ˚ṃ vā sabban taṃ pubbe katahetū ti = one’s whole…

adjective beyond compare, incomparable Thag.831 = Snp.561 (= tulaṃ atīto nirupamo ti attho Snp-a.455).

ati + tula

…nihat’ âdhikaraṇaṁ punakammāya ukkoṭeyya pācittiyan ti i.e. a dispute settled in proper form; with explanation: y- dhammaṁ nāma…

1. discourse, instruction, lesson SN.v.83, SN.v.108; Ja.iii.84; Pp.28; Ne.38; Vism.523 sq (regarding Paṭiccasamuppāda); Pv-a.1, Pv-a.2, Pv-a.9, Pv-a.11; Sdhp.213.
2. Freq. in dhamma˚; moral inst …

(-˚) to understand AN.iv.96 = Iti.83 (n’avabujjhati); AN.iv.98 (id.) Ja.i.378 Ja.iii.387 (interchanging with anubujjhati at the latter pass.).

Cp. BSk. avabudhyate

calmness, balance, equanimity DN.iii.213; AN.i.83; Pts.i.94; Pts.ii.228; Dhs.11, Dhs.15, Dhs.570.

a + vikkhepa

…where printed ˚khadāya…

…had no king. Theirs was a republican form of government, probably with a leader, elected from time to time. The administration and judicial affairs…

one who is not friend, an enemy DN.iii.185; Iti.83; Snp.561 (= paccatthika Snp-a.455); Dhp.66, Dhp.207; Ja.vi.274 (˚tāpana harassing the enemies).

Vedic amitra; a + mitta

to attain Thag.4; aor. samajjhagā Iti.83; 3^rd pl. samajjhagaṃ SN.i.103.

saṃ + adhigacchati

…oblations Ja.vi.140.

• -puggala the best of men (of the Buddha Snp.684; Dhp-a.ii.39; Sdhp.92, Sdhp.558. *…

1. to speak out, declare, promise Ja.i.83 = Vin.i.36; Ja.vi.220.
2. to speak (kindly to, to welcome, salute, greet. In this sense always comb^d. with abhinandati, e. …

extreme heat, glow; adj. very hot Vin.iii.83 (sīsa˚ sunstroke); MN.i.507 (mahā˚ very hot) Mil.67 (mahābhitāpatara much hotter); Pv.iv.1#8 (mahā˚ of niraya).

abhi + tāpa

…Mil.339.

Ved. praśna, for details of etym. see pucchati

manhood, virility Dhs.634, Dhs.715, Dhs.839.

abstr. fr. purisa

lotus Dāvs iii.83.

saras + ruha

woman, wife, female Snp.301, Snp.836; Dhp.284; Ja.i.60; Ja.iii.395; Ja.iv.396 (˚gaṇa); Vv.6#1, Vv.44#16; Pv.i.9#1 (= itthi Pv-a.44). pl. nariyo (Snp.299, Snp.304, Snp.703), nāriyo (Snp.703 variant re …