…A differentiated P. form is vaṭṭati. Cp. Av. varət to turn, Sk. vartana turning vartulā = Lat. vertellum = E. whorl (Ger. wirtel) & vertil…

…(dātuṃ). The noun to vaṭṭati is vatta (not vaṭṭa!).

Vedic vṛt. The representative of vattati (= Sk. vartate) in specialized…

comes on; moves over; overwhelms.

turns or moves round after or along with; keeps on moving.

follows, attends, sides with; conforms with, practices; imitates.

moves after, follows.

goes beyond, escapes from; exceeds, overwhelms; goes too far; transgresses (against).

of nivattati

(intrans.) returns, turns round, turns back; gives up; stops, ceases; tums away from.

of nivattati

of nivattati

lies down.

of tuvaṭṭati

(~entī)n. of tuvaṭṭati

of tuvaṭṭati

, impers. of tuvaṭṭati

comes back, returns (to).

comes near, falls to; is found, is.

goes beyond; escapes from; transgresses; oversteps.

1. (intrans.) turns, turns to; turns round, rolls; turns back, returns (esp. to a layman’s life); winds, curls.
2. is enticed, is seduced

1. (intrans.) turns, turns to; turns round, rolls; turns back, returns (esp. to a layman’s life); winds, curls.
2. is enticed, is seduced

to come on, proceed, issue, result SN.i.101; AN.ii.32.

adhi + vattati

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

to run up & down or to move round & round (cp. anuparivattati) SN.iii.150 (khīlan).

anu + pari + dhāvati

to move round, to be occupied with, take an interest in (c. acc.) SN.iv.312 (variant reading ˚vattati).

anu + pari + sakkati

to go or move round, viz.

1. to deal with, be engaged in, perform, worship Vin.iii.307 (ādiccaṃ); DN.i.240; Pv-a.97.
2. to meet Mil.204 (Devadatto ca Bodhisatto ca ekato anuparivattanti).
3. to move …

complying with, conformity with (-˚), compliance, observance, obedience Ja.i.367 (dhamma˚); Ja.v.78.

abstr. fr. anuvattati

1. to follow, imitate, follow one’s example (c. acc.), to be obedient DN.ii.244; Vin.ii.309 (bdhgh.); Vin.iv.218; Ja.i.125, Ja.i.300; DN-a.i.288; Pv-a.19.
2. to practice, execute Pv.iv.7#12

caus *\ …

adjective following, acting according to or in conformity with (-˚), obedient Ja.ii.348 (f. ˚inī), Ja.iii.319 (id.); Dhp.86 (dhamma˚); Vv.15#5 (vasa˚ = anukūlabhāvena vattana sīla Vv-a.71); Dhp-a.i …

Apa˚

Well-defined directional prefix, meaning “away from, off” Usually as base-prefix (except with ā), & very seldom in comp^n. with other modifying prefixes (like sam, abhi etc.).

1. *a …

to go away, to go aside Ja.iv.347 (variant reading for apavattati); Vv-a.101; Pv-a.265 (aor ˚sakki = apakkami).

apa + sakkati

to turn away or aside, to go away Ja.iv.347 (variant reading apasakkati).

apa + vṛt, cp. Lat. āverto

adjective being under somebody’s rule, dependent upon (c. gen.) Dhp.74 (= vase vattati Dhp-a.ii.79).

ati + vasa fr. vas

passed beyond, surpassed, overcome (act. & pass.), conquered Snp.1133 (bhava˚); Cnd.21 (= atikkanta, vītivatta); Ja.v.84 (bhaya˚) Mil.146, Mil.154.

pp. of ativattati: Sk. ativṛtta

Ativattar¹

one who insults or offends Ja.v.266 (isīnaṃ ativattāro dharusavācāhi atikkamitvā vattāro C.).

Sk. *ativaktṛ, n. ag. to ati-vacati; cp. ativākya

Ativattar²

one wh …

to pass, pass over, go beyond; to overcome, get over; conquer Vin.ii.237 (samuddo velaṃ n’); SN.ii.92 (saṃsāraṃ); SN.iv.158 (id.) Iti.9 (saṃsāraṃ) = AN.ii.10 = Cnd.172#a; Thag.412; Ja.i.58, Ja.i.280 J …

Attha¹

(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter

1. interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

to move about, to “live and move,” to behave, to be
imper act. cara (Ja.i.152), carā (metri causa, Ja.iii.393); imper. med. carassu (Snp.696), pl. carāmase (= exhortative, Snp.32); -ppr. caranto …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

adjective noun

1. (adj. unpleasant, painful, causing misery (opp. sukha pleasant Vin.i.34; Dhp.117. Lit. of vedanā (sensation) MN.i.59 (˚ṃ vedanaṃ vediyamāna, see also below iii.1 …

adjective to be gained or procured with difficulty (i.e. a livelihood which is hardly procurable), only in phrase “dubbhikkhā d setaṭṭhikā salākavuttā,” of a famine Vin.iii.6, Vin.iii.15, Vin.iii.87 …

1. inferior, low; poor, miserable; vile, base, abject, contemptible, despicable Vin.i.10; DN.i.82 DN.i.98; SN.ii.154 (hīnaṃ dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati hīnā saññā); SN.iii.47; SN.iv.88, SN.iv.309 (citta …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

…and vivaṭṭati DN.ii.109 sq. The Buddha has mastered it by his…

only in phrase netthāraṃ vattati to behave in such a way as to get rid of blame or fault Vin.ii.5; Vin.iii.183; MN.i.442
■ Bdhgh on Vin.ii.5 (p. 309) explains: nittharantānaṃ etan ti netthāraṃ yen …

to come out from (cp. E. turn out), arise, become, be produced, result, come into being, be reborn, ex-ist (= nir-vatt) Dhp.338; Pv.i.1#1 (nibbattate); Thag-a.259 (= jāyati); Dhp-a.iii.173; Pv-a. …

weariness, disgust with worldly life, tedium, aversion, indifference, disenchantment N. is of the preliminary & conditional states for the attainment of Nibbāna (see nibbāna II B …

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) bent down (cp ninnata), low-lying, deep, low, sunken Ja.ii.3 (magga) Pv-a.29 (bhūmibhāga), Pv-a.132 (ṭhāṇa); esp. freq. as-˚ bent on, inclining to, leading to, aiming at, …

passing over, rescue, payment, acquittance, in -ṃ vattati to be acquitted, to get off scot-free MN.i.442 (variant reading netth˚, which is the usual form). See netthāra.

Sk. nistāra; nis + tār …

past participle returned, turning away from, , giving up, being deprived of, being without (˚- Vin.ii.109 (˚bīja) Ja.i.203 Vv-a.72

pp. of nivattati

1. returning, turning, fig. turning away from, giving up, “conversion” Pv-a.120 (pāpato)
2. a bend, curve (of a river), nook Ja.i.324; Ja.ii.117, Ja.ii.158; Ja.iv.256; Ja.v.162.

fr. nivattati

to turn back, to return (opp. gacchati), to turn away from, to flee, vanish, disappear Vin.i.46; DN.i.118; Ja.i.223; Ja.ii.153 Ja.iv.142; Snp.p.80; Pv.ii.9#34; Pv.iv.10#7; Snp-a.374; Pv-a.74 Pv-a.1 …

to draw back, move back DN.i.230; Ja.iv.348 (for apavattati C.); Ja.v.295 (an-osakkitvā) See also Trenckner, Notes p. 60.

o + sakkati fr. P. sakk = *Sk. ṣvaṣk, cp. Māgadhī osakkai; but somet …

Pa˚

indeclinable directional prefix of forward motion, in applied sense often emphasising the action as carried on in a marked degree or even beyond its mark (cp. Ger. ver-in its function of Goth. f …

to shine forth, to become light, gleam, glitter Ja.v.199 (said of a river; = pavattati C.)
pp pabhāta.

pa + bhā

to return again to (acc.) SN.i.224; SN.ii.104; AN.v.337.

paṭi + ud + ā + vattati

slothful, indolent, indifferent, careless, negligent DN.iii.190; SN.i.61 = SN.i.204; AN.i.11, AN.i.139 AN.iv.319; AN.v.146; Snp.57, Snp.70, Snp.329 sq., Snp.399, Snp.1121; Dhp.19, Dhp.21 Dhp.29, Dhp.2 …

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

diminution, decrease, wasting away, decay SN.ii.206 sq.; AN.ii.40 (abhabbo parihānāya), AN.iii.173, AN.iii.309, AN.iii.329 sq., AN.iii.404 sq. (˚dhamma); AN.v.103 (id.), AN.v.156 sq.; Iti.71 (˚āya saṃ …

setting going, keeping up, propounding Ja.i.200 (˚manta adj. one who knows a charm); Ne.1 sq., Ne.106.

fr. parivattati

1. to turn round, twist (trs. & intrs.), go about Vin.ii.220; Ja.v.431 (singaṃ); Pv.iv.5#3 (= pariyāti Pv-a.260); Mil.118; DN-a.i.265.
2. (intrs. to change about, move, change, turn to Pv.ii.10#5 (= …

1. to turn round (trs.), to turn over Ja.i.202; Ja.ii.275 (sarīraṃ); Ja.v.217; DN-a.i.244
2. to deal with, handle, set going, put forth, recite Vism.96, in phrase mantaṃ p. to recite, practise a ch …

1. to change (trs. & intrs.), lit. to bend round, to turn (round), to be transformed into (acc.) SN.iii.3 (reading pariṇamati once, at other passages vi˚, cp. p. 40); Mil.136 (bhojanaṃ visamaṃ p food …

adjective

1. (adj.) happening, going on, procedure, resulting Thig.220 (assu ca pavattaṃ taken by Mrs. Rh. D. as “tears shed”); Thag-a.179; Pv-a.35, Pv-a.83 (gāthāyo), Pv-a.120, esp. with ref. to …

adj. nt.

1. moving forward, doing good, beneficial, useful; f. ˚i MN.i.214; Pp.35 (spelt pavattinī in T. as well as Pp-a.218).
2. execution performance, carrying out Mil.277 (āṇā,˚ cp pavatti).

fr. pavattati

intransitive

1. to move on, go forward, proceed Pv.i.5#7; Pv-a.8, Pv-a.131; of water: to flow SN.ii.31; Ja.ii.104; Pv-a.143, Pv-a.154, Pv-a.198.
2. to exist to be, continue in existence Ja.i.64; …

transitive

1. to send forth, set going Vin.i.87 (assūni); SN.ii.282 (id.) Ja.i.147 (selagulaṃ pavaṭṭ˚); esp. in phrase dhammacakkaṃ p. to inaugurate the reign of righteousness Vin.i.8, Vin.i.11; MN …

indeclinable directional prefix in well-defined meaning of “back (to), against towards, in opposition to, opposite.” As preposition (with acc. and usually postponed) towards, near by, at usually …

…(+ paṭikuṭati paṭivaṭṭati; Mil & id. p. at SN.ii.265 print pati˚) Vism.347 (+ paṭikuṭṭati pativaṭṭati)
pp…

to turn back again Vin.i.216; Ja.i.225; Mil.120, Mil.152 (of disease), Mil.246; Pv-a.100, Pv-a.126
caus -nivatteti to make turn back Pv-a.141; C. on AN.iii.28 (see *[paccāsāreti](/define/paccā …

moving backwards, only in cpd. vatta-paṭivatta-karaṇa “moving forth or backwards” performance of different kinds of duties; doing this, that & the other Dhp-a.i.157.

pp. of paṭivattati

Paṭivaṭṭati & ˚vattati

(intrs.) to roll or move back, to turn away from AN.iv.47 = Mil.297 (paṭilīyati paṭikutati p.); Caus….

Paṭivaṭṭati & ˚vattati

(intrs.) to roll or move back, to turn away from AN.iv.47 = Mil.297 (paṭilīyati paṭikutati p.); Caus….

indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …

1. to protect, guard, watch, keep Snp.585; Ja.i.55; Ja.iv.127; Ja.vi.589; Mil.4 (paṭhavī lokaṃ pāleti, perhaps in meaning “keeps holds, encircles,” similar to meaning 2); Sdhp.33.
2. (lit. perhaps “to …

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

to transcend, overcome Snp.768, cp. Mnd.10.

saṃ + ativattati

to turn, to roll about; ppr. samparivattamāna Ja.i.140; pp. samparivatta. Caus. samparivatteti [cp. BSk. ˚parivartayati to wring one’s hands Divy. …

adjective conducive to, involving AN.ii.54, AN.ii.65; Iti.82; Kv.618; Ja.i.275; Ne.134 = SN.v.371 As -iya at Pv-a.205.

fr. saṃvattati

to lead (to), to be useful (for) AN.i.54, AN.i.58 (ahitāya dukkhāya); Vin.i.10 = SN.v.421; Iti.71 sq.; Ja.i.97; Pot. saṃvatteyya Vin.i.13
■ Often in phrase *nibbidāya, virāgāya… nibbānāya saṃvatta …

…of evolution (opp. vivaṭṭati in devolution) DN.i.17 DN.iii.84, DN.iii.109; AN.ii.142; DN-a.i.110. 2. to fall to pieces, to come to an…

…(neva ubbaṭṭati na vivaṭṭati; variant reading uppaṭṭati); Dhp-a.iii.155.

Caus. of ud + vṛt, of which doublet is…

to break up, destroy, annihilate SN.v.432 (bhavataṇhaṃ), AN.iv.17 (fut. ucchecchāmi to be read with variant reading for T. ucchejjissāmi); Snp.2 (pret. udacchida), Snp.208 (ger. ucchijja); Ja.v.383; D …

retired, desisting Ja.v.158 (= udāvattitva nivattitva C).

pp. of udāvattate, ud + ā vattati

to return Snp.712; Ja.iv.417; Ja.v.126.

upa + n˚

calm, quiet, appeasement, allaying, assuagement, tranquillizing Vin.i.10; SN.iv.331 = SN.v.421 (in freq. phrase upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; see nibbāna ii …

to come to pass, to take place Ja.vi.58.

upa + vṛt

gone beyond, escaped from, free from (with acc.) SN.i.143; AN.ii.15; Snp.55, Snp.474, Snp.520 Snp.907; Ja.iii.7, Ja.iii.360; Mnd.322 = Cnd.163. Cp. BSk. upātivṛtta in same sense at Mvu.iii.281.

pp. o …

to go beyond, overstep MN.i.327; Snp.712 (variant reading for upanivattati); Ne.49. pp. upātivatta (q.v.).

upa + ati + vattati

power, authority, control, influence SN.i.43, SN.i.240 (kodho vo vasam āyātu: shall be in your power; vasa = āṇāpavattana K.S. i.320); MN.i.214 (bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca cittassa vasena v …

Vatta¹

neuter

1. that which is done, which goes on or is customary, i.e. duty, service, custom, function Vin.ii.31; Snp.294, Snp.393 (gahaṭṭha˚) Vism.188 (cetiy’ angaṇa˚ etc.); Dhp-a.i.9 …

adjective noun being in existence, going on, happening at the time; nt. process, progress, (as ˚-) in progress Snp-a.4 (˚uppanna); Pv-a.55 -vacana the present tense Snp-a.16, Snp-a.23.

ppr. m …

moving on, upkeep, existence, continuance Snp.698 (cakka˚ continuance of royal power); Mhvs.3, Mhvs.38.

fr. vattati

at Vin.ii.8 is to be spelt vattabba (see vattati).

…just as the pres vaṭṭati is specialized in meaning “behoves”

Vaṭṭa²

(“rained”): see…

turning round Dhtp.89 (in defⁿ of vaṭṭati). Cp. āvaṭṭana.

fr. vṛt, vaṭṭati

to stay, abide, dwell, sojourn (in a certain place); in general: to be, to live; applied: to behave lead a life (as such explained with “iriyati” at Vism.16). Synonyms are given at Vb.194 with *ir …

changing, change. reverse Dhs-a.367.

fr. viparivattati

to turn round, to upset Ja.iv.224 (nāvā ˚amānā capsizing); Mil.117; Thag-a.255.

vi + parivattati

Vivatta-cchada

adjective having the cover removed, with the veil lifted; one who draws away the veil (cp. vivaraṇa or reveals (the Universe etc.); or one who is freed of all (mental & spiritual) cov …

at Pp.32 is to be read as vivaṭṭati.

˚ā (f.) turning away, moving on, moving back Pts.i.66; Pts.ii.98; Vism.278 (f. explained as “magga”).

fr. vivaṭṭati

…to move in an ascending line (cp vivaṭṭa) DN.i.17; DN.iii.84, DN.iii.109; Vism.327. 2. to be…

…Ja.iii.72 (v. nāma na vaṭṭati, is improper) Vb.13 Vism.41 (threefold: nimitta˚, obhāsa˚, parikathā; as technical term, cp.

…

(as special term in Buddhist metaphysics) a mental quality as a constituent of individuality, the bearer of (individual) life, life-force (as extending also over rebirths), principle of conscious lif …

mode of being or acting, conduct, practice, usage, livelihood, habit SN.i.100 (ariya˚; cp. ariya-vāsa); Snp.81 = Mil.228 (= jīvitavutti Snp-a.152); Snp.68, Snp.220, Snp.326, Snp.676; Ja.vi.224 (= jī …

made to go, set into motion, impelled Thag.574: evâyaṃ vattati kāyo kamma-yantena yantito “impelled by the machinery of Karma” translation Brethren 261 not quite to the point “carried about on Karm …

Yāpeti & yapeti

1. (lit.)-
   1. in caus.intensive as well as intrs. sense; in the latter also with short ă; as yapeti and then combined with yāpeti, in …

Yāpeti & yapeti

1. (lit.)-
   1. in caus.intensive as well as intrs. sense; in the latter also with short ă; as yapeti and then combined with yāpeti, in …

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

1. coming, approach, result, DN.i.53 (āgamanaṃ pavattatī ti DN-a.i.160; cp. Sdhp.249 dukkh˚).
2. that which one goes by, resource, reference source of reference, text, Scripture, Canon; thus a design …

Āvatta¹

adjective gone away to, fallen back to, in phrase hīnāy’āvatta (see same phrase under āvattati MN.i.460; SN.ii.50; Ja.i.206.

pp. of āvattati

Āvatta²

neuter winding, …

…Pp.66; Mil.246. pp. āvatta (q.v.). Cp. āvaṭṭati.

ā + vattati, of vṛt

in phrase ā. vivaṭṭati to turn forward & backward Vism.504.

= āvattati