…vṛ; to wish; Vedic vara

Vara²

masculine & neuter wish, boon, favour Mil.110, Mil.139. Usually in phrases like *varaṃ…

1. turn, occasion, time, opportunity Ja.i.58 (utu-vārena utuvārena according to the turn of the seasons), Ja.i.150, Ja.vi.294; Vism.431 (santati˚ interval); DN-a.i.36; Dhp-a.i.47 (dve vāre twice); …

…well-known paribbājakas, Varadhara and Sakuludāyi. The Buddha visits them and talks about the four factors of Dhamma (dhammapadāni) which…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of enduring the discomforts of the forest life. Thag.31

The gate by which the Buddha left Pāṭaligāma, after having eaten there at the invitation of Sunidha and Vassakāra. Vin.i.230 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.89

Pāṭaliputta2building

A Buddha of a past era. His chief disciples were Vidhura and Sañjīva among monks, and Sama and Campā among nuns. His personal attendant was Buddhija. Accuta and Samaṇa, Nandā and Sunandā were his most …

Kosala¹

A country inhabited by the Kosalans, to the north-west of Māgadha and next to Kāsī. It is mentioned second in the list of sixteen Great Nations.AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 In the Buddha’s …

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

A devarāja, the god of rain. Kokanadā and Culla Kokanadā were his daughters. SN.i.29f.

Pajjunna is mentioned among the Mahāyakkhas to be invoked in time of need, DN.iii.205 and he was present at th …

…the texts e.g., Annabhāra, Varadhara, etc., AN.ii.175 also Sāmaṇḍaka, SN.iv.26 and the Paribbājikā Sucimukhī. SN.iii.238f. In most cases…

The Buddha visited Pātaligāma shortly before his death. Although it later became the capital of Magadha, it was then a mere village. At that time Ajātasattu’s ministers, Sunīdha and Vassakāra, were en …

…AN.ii.176 In these contexts he is said to have been in the company of Annabhāra and Varadhara, evidently themselves eminent…

The Indus river, one of the most important of those that flow from the Himālaya.

Isidāsī was once born as a goat in Sindhavārañña, the “Forest of the Sindhu”. Thig.438

Indus1river

She was the daughter of King Koñca of Mantāvatī. Her Therīgāthā verses, of which she has the greatest number of any of the nuns, speak of the emptiness of the home life and the advantages of going for …

A minister of Māgadha, who, with Vassakāra, was in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built in order to repel the Vajjīs. These two are always mentioned together. They invited the Buddha to a …

TaṇḍulapālidvārāyaTaṇḍulapālidvāraTandulapāladvāra

One of the gates of Rājagaha. Near the gate was the residence of the brahmin Dhānañjāni. MN.ii.185

Rājagaha3building

The name given to the inhabitants of Mount Vepulla, then known as Pācīnavaṃsa, near Rājagaha, in the time of Kakusandha Buddha. Their term of life was forty thousand years. SN.ii.190

Upāli ¹

One of the most eminent of the Buddha’s immediate disciples. He belonged to a barber’s family in Kapilavatthu and entered the service of the Sākiyan princes. When Anuruddha and his …

A noted wanderer in the time of the Buddha. He lived with Annabhāra, Sakuludāyī and others in the Paribbājakārāma, on the banks of the Sappinikā, AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 and again in the Moranivāpa in Rāja …

VaraṇāVāraṇā

A city on the banks of the Kaddamadaha, where Ārāmadaṇḍa visited Mahākaccāna. AN.i.65

Avanti3town

A monk who was declared foremost in the gift of spontaneous poetic expression. AN.i.24

The Theragāthā contains numerous verses spoken by him on various occasions Thag.1208–1279 SN.i.183ff. Some of …

…were called, respectively, Tivaras, Rohitassas and Suppiyas. The mountain has diminished in size, for the Tivaras, who lived for forty thousand…

A brahmin village of the Kosalans where the Buddha once stayed and preached the Veḷudvāreyya Sutta. SN.v.352

Kosala3town

A monk whose Theragāthā verses praise non-harming and seclusion. Thag.237–239

A brahmin. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was staying at Vāraṇā on the banks of the Kaddamadaha, Ārāmadaṇḍa came to see him and asked him why nobles quarrelled with nobles, brahmins with brahmins, and househo …

az érzékek megfékezése

akadály

önuralom

the very best of clothing, choice clothes

robe or material for a robe given not at the usual time (because of pressing reasons of the giver)

whose robe has been taken away or stolen

(~-cīvarika)n. whose robe has been taken away or stolen

(one) who has no bhikkhu’s robes.

the top of the door or gate; (or the first gate opened; a way to leave the town secretly).

robe material given at a time other than the appointed period, or given during the appointed period to a specific bhikkhu or group of bhikkhus

what is not an accekacīvara

best when not near

irresistible; without obstruction.

seeing without obstruction; with unobstructed sight

seeing without obstruction; with unobstructed sight

(one) who has no bowl or (bhikkhu’s) robe.

atikkanta-vara

mfn. beyond or above granting boons

misses, neglects, fails (of); offends, commits a fault.

to the west of the city.

strainer, a sieve.

beneficial for clearing the thoughts of obstructions.

control in regards to the four restraints.

one of the three robes of a bhikkhu (antaravāsaka, uttarāsaṅga and saṅghāti), or one of the five robes of a bhikkhuni (those three plus saṅkacchika and udakasāṭika), especially the *uttara …

roll for robes.

(one) who distributes material for robes.

something to be exchanged for robe material; the purchase price for robe material.

, ~a., feminine the wearing of the (ascetic’s) robe; keeping a robe.

(a piece of) cloth for making robes.

indeclinable for the sake of a robe.

robe making; robe work.

, id. proper time when robe material is given.

time for making or working on robes.

an oblique or indirect statement connected with a robe.

(one) who keeps or stores the material for robes.

the expectation of receiving a robe or material for a robe.

(one) who receives robe material (on behalf of the saṅgha.

share or portion of material for robe.

rope for hanging the robes.

robe which has to be handed back; a borrowed robe.

bamboo rod for hanging up robes.

the distribution of material for robes.

considering, planning (the making of robes)

king of the gods (usually Sakka/lnda)

indeclinable by night and day.

difficult to restrain; hard to hold back.

having the jaw of the best of the quadrupeds.

1. a door; a doorway, an entrance; a passage.
2. a gate of a town, a gateway.
3. a door as a means of access; a way, a means; esp. the sense-organs and the mind, as means of access for experience.

food placed before the door.

doorpost.

door-frame; the area surrounding a door.

gatehouse; a room over the gate.

the one and only husband

robe or robe-material given by a householder.

with means of access (of the sense-faculties) guarded; defended; controlled.

(from jaṅghā) the bottom section of a bhikkhu’s cīvara (the portion which hangs by the shins)

(& n. (?)) dust, sweepings; rubbish.

1. (mfn.) covered with an excellent kadalimiga skin
2. (n.) an excellent seating-mat or (a bed with) an excellent covering of a kadalimiga skin

obstruction by (past) actions

the body; a dead body; a corpse.

kaṭhina

neuter a framework (covered with a mat) to which the cloth for making robes was attached while being sewn; esp. kaṭhinaṃ attharati

1. spreads or covers the kaṭhina, i.e. makes a robe u …

silk cloak

robe-material given during the appointed period (to be used and allotted by the saṅgha

desire that is appetite, sensual appetite, appetite for sensual pleasure (the first of the nīvaraṇas and one of the saṃyojanas)

newly dyed

warding off, keeping out, preventing; restraining; obstructing.

an obstacle, a hindrance (esp. five: kāmacchanda, vyāpāda, thīnamiddha, uddhaccakukkucca, vicikicchā); being a hindrance, which is an obstacle.

eating wild rice.

an inner apartment.

covering, protection.

( ~a, ~ani, m.n.pl.), moving and unmoving beings; trembling and still beings.

the three robes of a monk (the inner, under, and the upper robes)

(~ī)n. standing still, still, unmoving; inanimate; stable, firm, long-lasting; permanent, invariable.

1. (n.) lethargy and drowsiness (the third of the nivaraṇas)
2. (mfn.) drowsy and lethargic.

cloth from a mound.

the three robes of a monk (the inner, under, and the upper robes)

over-excitement and anxious agitation; flurry and worry (the fourth of the nīvaraṇas)

covers; shuts; obstructs

(& m) covering, enclosing; shutting off; an obstruction, hindrance, prohibition; barricade, wall, dam.

? obstructs; prohibits

(from āvaraṇa) belonging to or causing obstruction; obstructive.

household robe (allowed to menstruating bhikkhunīs)

small gate or a bolted gate

…for 3 see: nīvarana; for 4 see: mūla see also the Appendix. The corresponding opposite term designating advantageous (beautiful)…

…of sense-desire see: nīvarana and the mental distortion vipallāsa, which sees what is truly impure as pure and beautiful. See XLVI, 51; A….

…often called a hindrance nīvarana e.g. in S. XV, 3; A. X, 61 but does not appear together with the usual list of five hindrances. It is however…

…or hindrances nīvarana, whilst insight vipassanā produces the 4 supra mundane stages of Nobility and deliverance of mind. The…

…of the 5 hindrances see: nīvarana chanda - rāga ‘lustful desire’ see: kāma It is one of the 4 wrong paths see: agati.

…

[[fivefold sense-door]]Fivefold sense-door: Directing to the: pañcadvārāvajjana see: viññāna-kicca.

Hindrances: the 5: nīvarana

…and patigha and is one of the 10 mental chains samyojana, 5 hindrances nīvarana and 10 disadvantageous courses of action see: *kamma -pat…

Indriya-samvara-sīla: ‘morality consisting of purity of restraint of the senses’; see: sīla.

…is identical with sense-control indriya - samvara see: sīla

Javana: fr. javati to impel: ‘impulsion’, is the phase of full cognition in the cognitive series, or perceptual process citta-vīthi see. viññāna-kicca occurring at its climax, if the respe …

…of the 5 hindrances see: nīvarana The state of consciousness, however, is one of full alertness and lucidity. This high degree of concentration…

Paccavekkhana-ñāna: ‘retrospective knowledge’, refers to the recollected mental image obtained in concentration, or to any inner experience just passed, as for instance, any absorption jhāna, o …

…1 the effort to avoid samvara-padhāna 2 to overcome pahāna - padhāna 3 to develop bhāvanā - padhāna 4 to maintain…

…of the 5 hindrances nīvarana during the absorptions, 2 overcoming by the opposite tadanga-pahāna 3 overcoming by destruction…

…ill-will’ see: nīvarana and dosa ‘hate’ see: mūla It is one of the latent tendencies anusaya.

2. ‘Sense-reaction’. Applied to…

Pañcadvārāvajjana: ‘directing to the 5-sense-doors’; see: viññāna-kicca

…the senses indriya - samvara and with awareness or mindfulness and clear consciousness sati-sampajañña he choses a secluded dwelling, and…

Pātimokkha-samvara-sīla: ‘morality consisting in restraint with regard to the Disciplinary Code’ pātimokkha see: prec.. For details, see:…

…‘lethargy and Laziness’ or ‘lethargy and laziness’, constitute the 3rd of the 5 hindrances nīvarana. They may or may not, be associated with…

Āvajjana: Directing of the mind towards the object, is the first stage in the process of consciousness see: viññāna-kicca. If an object of the 5 physical senses is observed, it is called ’five\ …

…abhejjo parehi) Ja.i.263 (varasūra…), Ja.iii.318 (˚rūpa of strong character abhijja-hadaya); Pp.30 (= acchejja Pp-a.212); Mil.160…

…(devaloka˚), Ja.i.223 (varaṇa-rukkha˚); Ja.ii.3 (nagara˚), Ja.ii.416 (Jetavana˚); Dhp-a.i.170 (tad˚); Dhp-a.ii.89 (nagara˚); Pv-a.3…

sacrificing priest, Name of a class of Brahmins DN.i.237 (brāhmaṇa).

Vedic adhvaryu fr. adhvara sacrifice

…higher, additional wisdom; ˚vara the very best ˚sīla thorough character or morality 2. with verbs (in double pref. compounds); adhi + ava:…

…Pp.35; Vv-a.80 (= anadhivara, visiṭṭha); DN-a.i.141, DN-a.i.222; Dpvs.v.32 (an˚); Dhp-a.iii.238 Kp-a.193 (= anuttara); Sdhp.337,…

adjective superb, excellent, surpassing Vv.16#3 (an˚; unsurpassed, unrivalled; Vv-a.80 = adhika visiṭṭha).

adhi + vara

…Ja.vi.391; Mil.27.

• -vara most meritorious best Dpvs.vi.68.
• -vāda the original doctrine (=…

…intercourse Ja.i.396; Ja.v.327 (˚cara variant reading for ajjhāvara); Mil.127 (an˚).

to adhi (ati?) + ā + car

surrounding; waiting on, service, retinue Ja.v.322, Ja.v.324, Ja.v.326, Ja.v.327 (explained at all passages by parisā). Should we read ajjhācara? Cp. ajjhācāra.

fr. adhi + ā + var

Amata¹

neuter

1. The drink of the gods, ambrosia, water of immortality, (cp BSk. amṛta-varṣa “rain of Ambrosia” Jtm.221).
2. A general conception of a state of durability & non-change a …

adjective epithet of Saṃsāra “whose beginning and end are alike unthinkable”, i.e., without beginning or end. Found in two passages of the Canon SN.ii.178, SN.ii.187 sq. = SN.iii.149, SN.iii.151 = SN. …

…vīhi, yava, godhūma, kangu varaka, kudrūsaka) and boiled, prepared food (apar’ aṇṇaṃ sūpeyya curry). Snp-a.378 (on Snp.403) explains…

…bhikkhus’ garments (cīvara) “weaving on, supplementary weaving, or along the seam”, i.e. hem, seam, binding Vin.i.254, Vin.i.297;…

˚- not shut; in -dvāratā (f.) not closing the door againṡt another, accessibility, openhand edness DN.iii.191.

an + āvaṭa

…Vin.i.264 (apacinayamāna cīvaraṃ (?) variant reading apacitiyamāna; trsl. guarding his claim is, Vin Texts); MN.i.324 (see detail under…

means of barring a door Vin.ii.154 (Bdhgh. explains on p. 321: apesī ti dīghadārumhi khāṇuke pavesetvā kaṇḍaka-sākhāhi vinandhitvā kataṃ dvāra-tthakanakaṃ).

? of uncertain origin

non-obstruction, not hindering not opposing or contradicting AN.i.50; AN.iii.41; AN.v.93 sq. adj. Ja.i.326.

a + paṭivāṇa, for ˚vrāṇa, the guṇa-form of vṛ; cp. Sk. prativāraṇa

adjective of little power, weak, impotent SN.ii.229; Mil.65; Sdhp.89.

acc. to Childers = Sk. *alpa + īśa + ākhya, the latter fr. ā + khyā “being called lord of little”; Trenckner on Mil.65 (see …

…at Vv-a.284 by vivaranto); Iti.80 (apāvuṇanti A. dv. as T. conj. with variant reading apānuṃanti, apāpurenti & apāpuranti) …

…at Vv-a.284 by vivaranto); Iti.80 (apāvuṇanti A. dv. as T. conj. with variant reading apānuṃanti, apāpurenti & apāpuranti) …

…cha āyatanāni Dhp-a.iv.141). See pāra & cp. avara.

a + pāra

open (of a door) Vin.i.7 = MN.i.169 (apārutā tesaṃ Amatassa dvārā); DN.i.136 (= vivaṭa-dvāra DN-a.i.297); Ja.i.264 (˚dvāra).

Sk. apāvṛta, pp. of apāpurati

absence of closing or restraint, no control Dhs.1345.

a + saṃvāra

fallen angel, a Titan pl. asurā the Titans, a class of mythological beings. Dhpāla at Pv-a.272 & the C. on Ja.v.186 define them as kāḷakañjaka-bhedā asurā. The are classed with other similar infer …

number 80 (on symbolical meaning & freq. application see; aṭṭha¹ B 1 c, where also most of the ref’s In addition we mention the foll.:) Ja.i.233 (˚hattha 80 hands, i.e. 80 cubits deep); J …

…Dhp-a.ii.98.

• -cīvara an extra robe Vin.i.289.
• -pāda exceeding the worth of a pāda, more than…

…˚lekhati ˚vadati, ˚varaka, ˚sakkati, avassaya, avasseti, ˚hita, avāpurīyati avekkhati 2. abhi. The similarity between abhi & ava is…

(-˚) to neglect, fail, spurn Thag.167; Ja.iv.428 (variant reading ˚rujjh˚).

ava + rajjhati of rādh, cp. Sk. avarādhyate

…unsteady; not lasting, changeable Dhp.38 (˚citta; cp. Dhp-a.i.308 cittaṃ thāvaraṃ natthi); Pv-a.87 (= na sassata not lasting for…

…Dhs.1162), of the nīvaraṇāni (SN.ii.23; AN.i.223; Iti.8; Dhs.1162, Dhs.1486), of the saṃyojanāni (DN.iii.254; Dhs.1131, Dhs.1460)….

…unobstructed, unhindered, free. Of a woman, not married Ja.v.213 (= apetâvaraṇā, which read for ˚bharaṇā, apariggahitā C.).

a +…

Aḍḍha¹

(& addha) one half, half; usually in comp^n. (see below), like diyaḍḍha 1 1/2 (˚sata 150) Pv-a.155 (see as to meaning Stede, Peta Vatthu p. 107). Note. aḍḍha is nev …

…the 5 hindrances ‣See nīvaraṇa and

• pañcanga-samannāgato i.e. endowed with the 5 good qualities, viz. the…

…Buddh. Sk. aṣṭāngopeta svara of the voice of the Buddha, e.g. Sp. Avs.i.149.

• -aṅgika having eight constituents,…

adverb outside

1. (adv.) Ja.i.361 (˚dvāre-gāma a village outside the city gates); Pv.i.10#2; Dhp-a.iii.118; Pv-a.24, Pv-a.61.
2. (prep.) with acc. (direction to) Ja.i.298 (˚gāmaṃ) with loc. ( …

adjective to strengthen, cp. upabrūhana, paribbūḷha much, many, large, abundant; plenty; in compound also very, greatly (˚-) instr. sg. bahunā Dhp.166; nom. pl bahavo Vin.iii.90; Dhp.307, & *bahū …

Bala¹

neuter

1. strength power, force DN.ii.73; AN.i.244; Thag.188; Dhp.109 (one of the 4 blessings, viz. āyu, vaṇṇa, sukha, bala; cp Dhp-a.ii.239); Pv.i.5#12 (= kāya-bala Pv-a.30); Pv …

…safety Vin.i.75 (abhay-ûvara for abhaya-vara?) Dhp.317; Ja.i.150; Dhp-a.iii.491.

• -ñāṇa insight into what is to…

…Kp-a.241 (of a bhikkhu); vara˚ best property or belongings Vin.iv.225. 2. implement, article, instrument Vin.ii.142, Vin.ii.143 (where 3 kinds…

…bhinde Vism.36 (sīlasaṃvaran)
fut bhindissati Vin.ii.198
aor bhindi Ja.i.467 (mitta-bhāvaṃ); abhindi…

…pad, roll Vin.i.287 sq. (cīvara˚ a robe rolled up); Vin.ii.150 Vin.ii.170; Vin.iii.90; Vin.iv.279. Five kinds are allowed in a Vihāra, viz….

…given to the Bhikkhus (cīvarasamaye) and several other occasions as enumerated at Vin.iv.74
■ The distinction is made as follows:…

…Ja.v.318, where T. reads “vara taṃ bhañ ñam icchasi,” & C. explains.: “bhā ti ratanass’ etaṃ nāmaṃ.” The variant reading for…

…office of distributing clothes, food etc. among the Bhikkhus Vin.i.285 (cīvara˚); AN.iii.275 (cīvara˚, phala˚, khajjaka˚).

fr. bhajeti

reciting or preaching, in pada˚; reciting the verses of the Scriptures Dhp-a.ii.95 (variant reading paṭibhāna), Dhp-a.iii.345; Dhp-a.iv.18.

• -vāra a section of the Scriptures …

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

Bodhi¹

feminine (supreme knowledge, enlightenment, the knowledge possessed by a Buddha (see also sambodhi & sammā-sambodhi) MN.i.356; MN.ii.95 = DN.iii.237 (saddho h …

factor or constituent of knowledge or wisdom. There are 7 bojjhangas usually referred to or understood from the context. There are enumerated at several places, e.g. at DN.iii.106, where they are ment …

to injure, hurt, oppress SN.v.393 (na kiñci byābādhemi tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā).

Denom. fr. byābādha

…the 5 “obstructions” (āvaraṇāni, see e.g. SN.v.94 Cnd.379); and of the 4 “bonds” (kāya-ganthā see e.g. Mnd.98)
■ MN.i.434;…

…heap Mil.2 (kacavaraṃ). 3. a (blind) alley, cul-de-sac Vin.iv.271 (byūhan nāma yen’ eva pavisanti ten’ eva nikkhamanti).

cp….

1. the arm AN.ii.67 = AN.iii.45 (˚bala); Vin.ii.105; Ja.iii.62; Ja.v.215 (˚mudu). pacchā-bāhaṃ arm(s) behind (his back) DN.i.245 (gāḷhabandhanaṃ baddha). bāhaṃ pasāreti to stretch out the arm DN. …

…vīhi, yava, godhūma, kangu varaka, kudrūsa) and aparaṇṇa (i.e. beans and other leguminous plants, and gourds such…

…Ja.v.216 (Sakko ca me varaṃ dajjā so ca labbhetha me varo: “if S. will give me a wish, that wish will be granted,” or: “whatever…

…Mil.330 (do.); Ja.i.425 (˚raccha).

Sk. catvara, cp. Trenckner, Notes, p. 56

the eye (nom. sg. cakkhuṃ) Vin.i.34; SN.i.115; MN.iii.134 etc.)

I. The eye as organ of sense

1. psychologically cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā “seeing visible object (shape with the eye” (Nd ii.on …

…AN.iv.107, AN.iv.110;

• -varatta (f.) a leather thong Ja.ii.153;
• -vāsin one who wears the skin (of a…

base of numeral four

1. As num. adj. nom. & acc. m cattāro (Dhp.109; Ja.iii.51) and caturo (Snp.84, Snp.188), f. catasso (Snp.1122), nt. cattāri (Snp.227); gen. m. catunnaṃ (Snp.p.102), (f. catassa …

hollow vessel, a bowl, cask MN.i.142; Ja.v.186 (in similes). As -ka Mil.365 (trsl. Mil.ii.278 by “straining cloth”). Cp. cañcu “a box” Divy.131.

cp. Tamil canguvaḍa a dhoney, Anglo-Ind. ḍoni, a c …

casket, a box Ja.i.65; Ja.iv.257; Ja.v.110, Ja.v.303; Ja.vi.369, Ja.vi.534; Dhp-a.ii.116; Dhp-a.iii.101; Vv-a.33 Vv-a.158; Mhvs.iv.106; Anvs p. 35 Vism.173.

cp. cangavāra

…wing Thig.108 (citra˚).

cp. chādeti chad = saṃvaraṇe Dhtp.586

…Thag.620; Vism.194
■ f. chaḍḍikā see *kacavara*˚.

throwing away, rejecting Ja.i.290; Dhtp.571
■ ī (f.) a shovel, dust-pan Dhp-a.iii.7. See kacavara˚

…(q.v.)
■ See also kacavara˚

Vedic chardayati & chṛṇatti to vomit; cp. also avaskara excrements & karīsa dung. From; *sqer to…

…(Dhp-a.ii.162 = pañca nīvaraṇā); -kelisā pastime of the mind Thag.1010; -kkhepa derangement of the mind, madness…

SA on SN.iii.151 sq. (bhūmicittatāya dvāracittatāya ārammaṇacittatāya kammanānatta).

f. abstr. to citta¹

Cittatā

“being of such a heart or mind,” state of mind, character SN.iii.152; SN. …

v.v. vāraṇika Thag.1129? a little play, masque, cp. Sk cāraṇa & Mrs. Rh. D.; Pss of the Brethren, 419.

…(saṃvara) fourfold restraint (see yāma) DN.i.57, DN.i.58 (cp DN-a.i.167); DN-a.iii.48 sq.; SN.i.66;…

…ocīraka (under odīraka).

Sk. cīra, cp. cīvara

…(cp. gahapati)
■ On cīvara in general also on special ordinances concerning its making, wearing & handling see Vin.i.46,…

…sukha˚,. Snp.297 vara˚ Snp.234 kāma˚ Ja.vi.498 Pv.ii.13#8; ambu giving water, i.e. a cloud Dāvs.v.32; amatamagga Sdhp.1;…

sour milk, curds junket Vin.i.244 (in enumⁿ of 5-fold cow-produce, cp gorasa); DN.i.201 (id.); MN.i.316; AN.ii.95; Ja.ii.102 Ja.iv.140; Mil.41, Mil.48, Mil.63; Dhs.646, Dhs.740, Dhs.875; …

…Ja.ii.112; Ja.iv.10 (varaṃ te dammi); Pv.i.10#3 Pv.ii.3#24 (kin t’ āhaṃ dammi what can I give thee = dassāmi Pv-a.88)
■…

…steer“ DN.i.62 (misprint ˚dhamma˚) = DN.ii.93 = DN.iii.5; MN.ii.38; AN.ii.112; Vv.17#13 (nara-vara-d. sārathi cp. Vv-a.86.

Sk. damya,…

…as such Vism.21.

• -āvaraṇa the lip (lit. protector of teeth Ja.iv.188; Ja.vi.590; Dhp-a.i.387.
• -ullahakaṃ…

Dasa¹

the number ten; gen dasannaṃ (Dhp.137); instr. dasahi (Kp iii.) & dasabhi (Vin.i.38). In compounds (-˚) also as ḷasa (soḷasa 16) rasa (terasa 13; pannar˚ 15; aṭṭhār˚ 18).

I. *M …

god, a divine being; usually in pl. devā the gods. As title attributed to any superhuman being or beings regarded to be in certain respects above the human level. Thus primarily (see 1^a) …

…as “dutiyo varo ti vā devaro, bhattu kaniṭṭha bhātā.”

Sk. devṛ & devara Gr.; δ ̈αήρ (*δαιvήρ), Lat. levir, Ohg. zeihhur,…

…“sacrifice”) 1 cīvara, 2 piṇḍapāta 3 senāsana, 4 gilāna-paccaya-bhesajja-parikkhāra, 5 anna, 6 pāna, 7 vattha, 8 yāna, 9…

…(bhogā) Snp.p.87;

• -vara the best of truths or the most excellent Doctrine Snp.233, Snp.234;
• -vādin…

…(wheat), kangu (millet), varaka (beans) kudrūsaka (?) Vin.iv.264; Cnd.314; DN-a.i.78
■ Cnd.314 distinguishes two oategories of dhañña:…

…progress (vāra, nīvaraṇa). The word is rare. In one constantly repeated passage (Vin.i.45 = Vin.i.305 = Vin.ii.2 = Vin.iii.21 =…

…dhūrta, from dhūrvati & dhvarati to injure, deceive, cp. Lat. fraus; Idg. *dhreu, an enlarged form of which is *dreugh in Sk. druhyati,…

…dh.), DN-a.i.150 (= thāvara); Dhp-a.iii.170 (adhuvaṃ jīvitaṃ dhuvaṃ maraṇaṃ); Thag-a.241 Sdhp.331
■ nt. permanence,…

…= Pp.58; Kp-a.37 cīvara˚ AN.ii.104 = Pp.45. 2. maintaining, sustaining keeping up Mil.320 (āyu˚ bhojana). 3. bearing in mind,…

…As simplex only at SN.i.217 (varaṃ disā to be read for disaṃ cp. Sk. adiśat). See also upa˚.

Ved. diśati, *deik to show, point towards;…

adverb by day SN.i.183; MN.i.125; Dhp.387; DN-a.i.251; Pv-a.43, Pv-a.142, Pv-a.206 (= divasa-bhāge) Often combined & contrasted with rattiṃ (or ratto) by night; e.g. divārattiṃ by day & by ni …

gatekeeper, janitor Vin.i.269; DN.ii.83; DN.iii.64 sq., DN.iii.100; SN.iv.194; MN.i.380 sq.; AN.iv.107, AN.iv.110; AN.v.194; Ja.ii.132; Ja.iv.382 (two by name, viz. Upajotiya & Bhaṇḍa-kucchi), Ja.iv. …

…to hurt, cp. Oir. droch; Ohg. triogan to deceive, traum dream; also Sk. dhvarati. For further connections see Walde, Lat. Wtb. under fraus

…Pv-a.73, Pv-a.75
■ cīvara˚, q.v. chava˚ a miserable garment DN.i.166; AN.i.295; AN.ii.206; MN.i.78, MN.i.308.

*…

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

…to open a door: āvarati; to shut: pidahati; to lock thaketi. dvāraṃ alabhamāna unable to get out Vin.ii.220
■ mahā˚; the…

…craving or fever, arising through the 6 doors (of the senses) Dhp-a.iv.221, & kāya˚
■ saṃvara control over the “bodily” door, i.e….

adjective noun masculine one. Eka follows the pron. declension i.e. nom. pl. is eke (e.g. Snp.43, Snp.294, Snp.780 etc.)

1. “one” as number, either with or without contrast to two or more; often al …

…Ja.iii.276; Vv.78#5 (= ovaraka Vv-a.304); Dhp-a.i.397; Mil.10, Mil.295. See also anto˚. 2. the swelling of the (pregnant) womb, the womb (cp…

cavern Snp.416 (giri˚); Vv.63#5 (giri˚).

Derivation uncertain. Cp. Sk. gahvara

…DN.iii.217;

• -cīvara the robe of a householder (i.e. a layman’s robe) Vin.i.280 sq.; ˚dhara wearing the…

1. (nt.) the fact or the state of going, movement, journey, walk; (-˚) striving for, the leading of, pursuit AN.ii.48 sq. (gamanena na pattabbo lokass’ anto = one cannot walk to the end of the world) …

dwelling, hut, house the household Ja.i.145, Ja.i.266, Ja.i.290; Ja.ii.18, Ja.ii.103, Ja.ii.110, Ja.ii.155 Ja.vi.367; Vism.593; Pv-a.22, Pv-a.62, Pv-a.73, Pv-a.82; fig. of kāya (body) Thag.184 = D …

Ghara¹

(nt.; pl. ˚ā Dhp.241, Dhp.302) a house AN.ii.68; Snp.43 (gahaṭṭhā gharaṃ āvasantā), Snp.337 (abl gharā), Snp.889 (id. gharamhā); Ja.i.290 (id. gharato), Ja.iv.2, Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.49 …

to snore Ja.iii.538; Dhp-a.i.307. Cp. Prk. ghurughuranti varāhā (grunting hogs) & ghurukkanti vagghā (roaring tigers).

Denom. fr. prec.

…of the bhikkhu): see cīvara; -pucchaka one who asks (i.e. enquires after) the sick Vin.iv.88 =…

…ummagga-sadisaṃ mahā-vivaraṃ;

• -bbaja (nt.) [Etym. uncertain, according to Morris J.P.T.S. 1884, 79 to vaja “a pen,” cp Marāthī…

…guh, gūhati to hide (q.v.) Dhtp.337: saṃvaraṇa

1. as pp. guarded, protected
   1. lit nagaraṃ guttaṃ a well-guarded city Dhp.315 = Thag.653 Thag.1005; Devinda˚ protected by the Lord of gods Vv.30#8-
   2. fig. (med.) guarded, watchful, constrain …

…Dhp-a.i.62 (patta-cīvaraṃ) With double acc. mahājanaṃ kathaṃ g˚ made people believe your words Ja.ii.416; cetake kasā g. made the…

…v. Ja.i.199 Ja.vi.332; -vara an excellent v. SN.i.97; Ja.i.138; -vāsin the inhabitant of aN v. Ja.ii.110;…

1. = gāma Vin.i.208; Ja.i.199 (Macala˚), Ja.i.253; Ja.iv.431 (cora˚); Pv-a.67 (Iṭṭhakāvatī and Dīgharājī) Dhp-a.ii.25 (dvāra˚).
2. a villager Ja.v.107 (= gāmavāsin).

• -āvāsa an …

…proper, right Thag.984 (cīvara); Pp.69 (read so for ˚maṭṭhika, see Pp-a.250); as idam-atthitā “being satisfied with what is…

…proper, right Thag.984 (cīvara); Pp.69 (read so for ˚maṭṭhika, see Pp-a.250); as idam-atthitā “being satisfied with what is…

…MN.iii.298.

• -saṃvara restraint or subjugation of the senses DN.ii.281; MN.i.269, MN.i.346; SN.i.54; AN.iii.360;…

the blue water lily, Nymphaea Stellata or Cassia Fistula Ja.v.92 (˚ī-samā ratti); Ja.vi.536; Vv.45#1 (= uddālaka-puppha Vv-a.197).

etym.?

…Brahmā, DN.iii.28; MN.ii.222 = AN.i.173; Vism.598.

Vedic īśvara, from īś to have power, cp. also P. īsa

…of small wisdom). This meaning (2) also in BSk. itvaṛa, e.g. Divy.317 (dāna).

Vedic itvara in meaning “going”, going along, hence…

… pp jalita Intens. daddaḷhati (q.v.). Cp. ujjāleti.

Sk. jvalati, with jvarati to be hot or feverish, to jval to burn…

…Snp.1046 (= Cnd.263 deti cīvaraṃ, etc.); Snp.428 (aggihuttaṃ jūhato), Snp.p.79 (aggiṃ); Pp.56; fut. juhissati SN.i.166 (aggiṃ); caus….

to be awake, to be watchful, to be on the alert (cp. guttadvāra) Dhp.60 (dīghā jāgarato rattī), Dhp.226; Iti.41; Mil.300
pp jāgarita (q.v.).

Sk. jāgarti to be awake (redupl. p …

…-ovaraka the inner chamber where he was born Vv-a.158; Ja.i.391 (so read for jāto varake). -kamma…

1. sweepings, dust, rubbish (usually in combination with chaḍḍeti and sammajjati) Ja.i.292 Ja.iii.163; Ja.iv.300; Vism.70; DN-a.i.7; Dhp-a.i.52; Snp-a. …

…DN-a.i.87; and -pavara-pacc. attharaṇa (nt.) the hide of the k. deer, used as a rug or cover DN.i.7 = AN.i.181 = Vin.i.192 =…

see kaḷebara.

…cp. sopāna-kaḷevara.

• -ūpadhāna a wooden block used for putting one’s head on when sleeping SN.ii.267; Mil.366; *…

…form. k˚, mudu-citta, vinīvaraṇa˚, udagga˚ etc. DN.i.110 = DN.i.148 = DN.ii.41 = AN.iv.209 = Vin.i.16 = Vin.ii.156; Vv-a.53, Vv-a.286;…

…Snp.p.124; Ja.ii.75 (= varaka, the bean Phaseolus trilobus, and kālarāja-māsa); Ja.iii.370; Dhp-a.i.319. Its size may be gathered from…

…as one of the 6 kinds of cīvaras together w. koseyya & kappāsika; at Vin.i.58 = Vin.i.96, also at AN.iv.394 (s. ˚sukhuma); freq. preceded by…

…Sk. kambu, Halāyudha = śankha; Dhtp. saṃvaraṇe

…J.P.T.S. 1885, 58

• -āvaraṇa the obstruction caused by k. AN.iii.436 Pp.13 = Vb.341 (in definition of sattā…

adjective noun

1. poor, miserable, wretched; a beggar; freq explained by varāka, duggata, dīna and daḷidda; very often classed with low-caste people, as caṇḍālā Pv.iii.1#13 & pesakārā (Ud.4). Snp.81 …

…been made, ref. to the cīvara of a bhikkhu (see above) Vin.i.255; Vin.iv.227 Vin.iv.286; DN-a.i.103; -(ñ)jaha (one) who has left time…

…the cry of the elephant, an elephant’s trumpeting Dāvs v.56;

• -vara an excellent elephant Mhbv.4, Mhbv.143…

…Pv-a.29, cp. kāla -cīvara after finishing his robe Vin.i.255, Vin.i.265; -paccuggamana having gone forth to meet Ja.iii.93….

(& -kattika) Name of a month (Oct
■ Nov.), during which the full moon is near the constellation of Pleiades It is the last month of the rainy season, terminating on the full moon day of Kattikā ( …

1. the panels of the door, the door proper, not the aperture Vin.ii.114, Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.207, Vin.ii.208 (see Vin.ii.148 for the description of a door), Vin.iv.269, Vin.iv.304 (˚baddha = āvasatha); …

(kale˚ and kalevara) masculine & neuter

1. the body SN.i.62 = AN.ii.48 = AN.iv.429 = MN.i.82; Ja.ii.437, Ja.iii.96, Ja.iii.244; Vism.49,…

1. the portion of a stalk or cane between one knot and another; the whole stalk or shaft; the shaft of an arrow, an arrow in general MN.i.429 (two kinds of arrows: kaccha & ropima, cp kaṇḍa-cittaka); …

…Dāvs ii.111- cīvara˚; the edge of the garment Vism.389. Freq. in cpd. catu˚; (catukkaṇṇa) four-cornered, square, as Ep of…

…Vin.ii.267.

• -cīvara a k. robe made of k cloth Bv.ix.7.
• -dussa the k. cloth Vin.i.254. *…

fisherman DN.i.45 (in simile of dakkho k˚) AN.iii.31 = AN.iii.342, cp. AN.iv.91; Ud.24 sq.; Ja.i.210; Dhp-a.ii.132; Dhp-a.iv.41; Pv-a.178 (-gāma, in which to be reborn, is punishment, fishermen …

…= pañca nīvaraṇāni (kāmacchanda etc.), the gratifications of the heart Thag.1010 (corr. kelisā to keḷiyo!)
■…

…Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on the back of the state elephant Ja.i.325; Pv-a.75. Also with ref. to an elephant (hatthināga)…

1. (adj.) full of peace, safe; tranquil, calm DN.i.73 (of a country) SN.i.123 (of the path leading to the ambrosial, i.e. Nibbāna), SN.i.189 = Snp.454 (of vācā nibbānapattiyā); MN.i.227 (vivaṭaṃ amata …

…kilesā Netti.191.

• -āvaraṇa the obstacle of lust Vb.342 Pp.13 Vism.177
• -āvaraṇatā identical AN.iii.436
• -kkhaya the…

…gatta, limbs Ja.i.129; of cīvara, cloak Bdhd 92; of vattha clothes Dhp-a.ii.261; of pāvāra-puppha, mango blossom Kp-a.58 = Vism.258. 2….

interr.) how much how great? nt. as adv.: to what extent? pl.: how many? Vin.i.297; k˚ṃ antovassaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ “how much of the rainy season is left?” Vv-a.66; kittakā pana vo bhante parivāra-bhikkhū …

1. as nt. subst. what? sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇaṃ what is the obstruction? Snp.1032; kiṃ tava patthanāya what is it about your wish, i.e. what good is your wish? Vv-a.226; kim idaṃ this is what, that is …

…kilesā Netti.191.

• -āvaraṇa the obstacle of lust Vb.342 Pp.13 Vism.177
• -āvaraṇatā identical AN.iii.436
• -kkhaya the…

rug or cover with long hair, a fleecy counterpane Vin.i.281; Dhp-a.i.177; Dhp-a.iii.297 (pāvāra˚); Dāvs v.36 Often in explⁿ of goṇaka (q.v.) as dīgha-lomaka mahākojav …

silk; silken material Vin.i.58 = Mil.267; Vin.i.192, Vin.i.281; Vin.ii.163, Vin.ii.169; DN.i.7, cp. AN.i.181 (see DN-a.i.87); AN.iv.394; Pv.ii.1#17; Ja.i.43; Ja.vi.47.

• -pāvāra …

Koṭṭhaka¹

neuter “a kind of koṭṭha,” the stronghold over a gateway, used as a store-room for various things, a chamber, treasury, granary Vin.ii.153, Vin.ii.210; for the purpose of keepin …

…is the fourth of the five nīvaraṇas (q.v.) Vin.i.49; Vin.iv.70; DN.i.246; SN.i.99; MN.i.437; AN.i.134 = Snp.1106; AN.i.282; Snp.925; Cnd.379;…

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

hollow, a glen, dell, used by Dhpāla in explⁿ of kuñjara at Vv-a.35 (kuñjaro ti kuñje giritale ramati and Pv-a.57 (kuṃ pathaviṃ jīrayati kuñjo suvāraṃ aticarati kuñjaro ti). -nadī˚; a …

…Vv.47#7; Ja.v.158.

• -vara a state elephant Vv-a.181.
• -sālā an elephant’s stable…

…Vv-a.188, Vv-a.256 (cīvara˚ a cloak as tent). See also kappiya˚, gandha˚, paṇṇa˚ vacca˚.

• -kāra the making of…

…of five obstacles (pañca nīvaraṇāni) DN.i.156, DN.i.246; DN.iii.234 DN.iii.278; AN.i.231; AN.iv.457; AN.i.134 = Snp.1106; SN.i.99; SN.v.64 Bdhd…

…expl. Snp-a.311 by kacavara (q.v.). Rh. D’s note³ loc. cit. is to be modified according to the parallel passages just given.

of…

…= Pp.58; Vism.65 (cīvara); DN-a.i.207;

• -pasāda clearness of the sense of touch or sense in general Dhs-a.306;…

…& cp. uk˚, upa˚ paṭi˚.

Dhtp.271: kūla āvaraṇe

1. luck, good fortune, success, personal welfare Ja.iii.443 (combined with sirī splendour explained by parivāra-sampatti & paññā respectively), Ja.iv.281 (explained as “sirī pi puññam pi paññā pi”). …

…& Mil.258 in Majjhimanikāya vara˚; at Mil.362 in Ekuttara-nikāya-vara˚ and at Ne.2 in cpd. nayalañjaka. Trenckner (Mil ed. p. 424) translates…

…āpatti˚, patta˚, cīvara˚, upajjhāya˚ ācariya˚, senāsana˚); Ja.ii.11; Ja.vi.402
■ lesa-kappa pretext Vin.ii.166; Vv.84#43 (=…

(& lena) neuter

1. a cave (in a rock), a mountain cave, used by ascetics (or bhikkhus) as a hermitage or place of shelter, a rock cell. Often enumerated with kuṭi guhā, e.g. Vin.iv.48; Mil.151; Vb. …

…and Vism.204 sq. -vivaraṇa unveiling of the universe, apocalypse, revelation Vism.392 (when humans see the devas…

…AN.v.190.

• -cīvara (adj.) wearing a shabby robe, badly clad Vin.iii.263; Mil.342 (cp. cīvara lūkha bad condition…

…pāmokkha, uttama pavara,“ see Cnd.502.

Note on mahā & cpds

1. In certain compounds the combⁿ with…

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

adjective crimson, bright red, fig. shining Vv.39#1 (cp. defⁿ at Vv-a.177: like the tree Vitex negundo, sindhavāra, or the colour of the Kaṇavīra-bud; same defⁿ at Dhs-a.317, …

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

…word in phrase mālā-kacavara at Ja.ii.416 (but very doubtful). 2. perhaps froth, dirty surface, in pheṇa˚; Mil.117 (cp. mālin 2) where…

1. a water course Vism.554 (˚âtikkamaka); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.96; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.50; Snp-a.500 (= sobbha); Dhp-a.ii.141 (its purpose: “ito c’ ito ca udakaṃ haritvā attano sassa-kammaṃ sampādenti”); Vv-a. …

…word in phrase mālā-kacavara at Ja.ii.416 (but very doubtful). 2. perhaps froth, dirty surface, in pheṇa˚; Mil.117 (cp. mālin 2) where…

…put on Ja.i.175 (rathavarattaṃ); Bv.i.31 (camma˚, of a drum); Mhvs.vii.16 (˚pañcāyudha) Mil.117 (yuga˚); Dhs-a.131. Cp. onaddha,…

…“forest”?); Thag.41 (˚vivara), Thag.525; Pv.ii.9#61 (˚muddhani on top of the Mount, i.e. Mt. Sineru Pv-a.138; the Buddha was thought to…

… p. 167;

• -vara the noble town (of Rājagaha) Vv.16#6, cp. Vv-a.82;
• -vīthi a city street…

…nandi) a strap, thong Ja.i.175 (rathassa cammañ ca nandiñ ca); Snp.622 = Dhp.398 (+ varatta) Snp-a.400; Dhp-a.i.44, Dhp-a.iv.160.

Sk….

Nava¹

(num.) number nine. gen
■ dat. navannaṃ (Snp.p.87) instr
■ abl. navahi (Vv-a.76), loc. navasu.

Meaning and Application: The primitive-Aryan importance of the “mystic” nine i …

…& death, which belongs to the wheel of Saṃsāra of the chariot of existence, bhavaratha); Dhp-a.ii.124 (˚vaṭṭi); Vv-a.277.

Vedic nemi,…

sword Ja.ii.77 (˚vara-dhārin; C. nettiṃsā vuccanti khaggā); Ja.iv.118 (C. gives it as adj. = nikkaruṇa merciless; & says “khaggassa…

adjective without holes or fissures, without omissions Ja.v.429; Vv-a.275 (= atīva sangata).

nis + vivara

…represented in P. by e.g. vivarati to open, nivāreti to cover, obstruct, nīvaraṇa, nivāraṇa obstruction; *ṷel by āvuta,…

…nīvaraṇa (obstacles). pañca n˚ anibbāna-saṃvattanikā SN.v.97
■ punabbhava…

…Caus. of ni(r)varati, influenced in meaning by nirvāpayati. Caus. of nirvāti make cool by blowing (e.g. RV x.16¹³). See…

…& cp. nibbuta, nibbāpeti, nibbāpana.

Sk. ni-(or nir-)vriyate, Pass. of ni(r)varati, influenced by nirvāyati intrs. to cease to…

…(a treasure) Vin.i.46 (cīvaraṃ); Mil.271; ger. nidahitvā Pv-a.97 (dhanadhaññaṃ) & nidhāya…

adjective one who puts away, one who has the office of keeper or warder (of robes: cīvara˚ Vin.i.284.

fr. nidahati

…put away Vin.i.46 (patta-cīvaraṃ) AN.i.206 (daṇḍaṃ to discard the weapon; see daṇḍa) Mhvs.14, Mhvs.10…

adjective past participle

measured out, planned, laid out; created (by supernatural power iddhi); measured, stately DN.i.18, DN.i.56 (iddhiyā pi DN-a.i.167), DN.i.219 (Su˚ devaputta. Np.), ibid. (Pa …

…paṃsukūla-cīvaraṃ, rukkhamūla-senāsanaṃ, pūtimuttabhesajjaṃ); Vin.ii.274, Vin.ii.278; DN.iii.137, DN.iii.141; AN.i.117;…

…of…

only in Caus. nivāreti (q.v.), pp. nivuta.

ni + varati

see *vi*˚.

…Mil.161; Snp-a.596 (= pariyonaddha).

pp. of nivarati (nivāreti) cp. nivārita

adjective in dun˚; hard to check or keep back Mil.21 (+ durāvaraṇa).

grd. of nivāreti

adjective warding off, keeping back, preventing; refusal Snp.1034, Snp.1035, Snp.1106 (= Cnd.363 āvāraṇa rakkhaṇa gopana); Dhs-a.259; Pv-a.102 Pv-a.278; Sdhp.396.

fr. nivāreti

…Pv-a.79 Pv-a.102; Dhp-a.i.41.

Caus. of nivarati

…nivāsetvā patta-* cīvaram ādāya…,“ describing the setting out on his round of the bhikkhu; e.g. DN.i.109, DN.i.178, DN.i.205,…

? bracelet, bangle Ja.vi.64, (= valaya; variant reading BB nivara). Also given as nīyura (cp Prk. neura & P. nūpura).

Sk.? Cp. keyura

…nīvaraṇāni and p. āvaraṇāni), viz. kāmacchanda, (abhijjhā-)vyāpāda, thīna-middha, uddhaccakukkucca vicikicchā i.e….

adjective belonging to an obstacle, forming a hindrance, obstructing Dhs.584, Dhs.1164, Dhs.1488 Vb.12, Vb.30, Vb.66, Vb.130 etc.

fr. nīvaraṇa

raw rice, paddy DN.i.166; AN.i.241, AN.i.295; AN.ii.206; Pp.55; Ja.iii.144 (˚yāgu).

Sk. nīvāra, unexplained

…-pure (avarapure) below the fortress MN.i.68 (bahinagare +)

• -mattaka belonging only to this world,…

…imper of ava + ramati (cp. avarata 2), i.e. let us desist, let us give up, (i.e. we shall not get through to the other side);…

…the bh should be deleted.

ora + bhāga + iya; BSk. avarabhāgīya, e.g. Divy.533

…flaw Snp.446 (= randha vivara Snp-a.393); also in phrase otārāpekkha spying faults SN.i.122 (which may be taken to meaning 1, but meaning 3…

…thus also at Vv-a.158); Vism.90, Vism.431; Vv-a.304 (= gabbha).

Deriv. uncertain. The Sk. apavaraka is some centuries later. The Sk. apavaraka…

Pa˚

indeclinable directional prefix of forward motion, in applied sense often emphasising the action as carried on in a marked degree or even beyond its mark (cp. Ger. ver-in its function of Goth. f …

to go after, walk in; fig. practise, perform, observe Vv.32#9 (variant reading pavarati, cp. Vv-a.136).

pa + carati

…and explains by bandhavara sissa antevāsika.

a difficult word, composed of pacca + gū, the latter a by-form of ˚ga, as in…

…DN.i.7 (kadali-miga-pavara˚, cp. DN-a.i.87) AN.i.137 (id.); AN.iii.50 (id.); Ja.i.126; Ja.iv.353 (uṇṇāmaya) Pv-a.141,…

…medicine: see under; cīvara. Snp.339 (paccaya = gilāna-paccaya Snp-a.342); Mil.336; Mhvs.3 Mhvs.15. 2. (applied) reason,…

adjective

1. hindmost, hind-, back-, last (opp. purima), latest DN.i.239; MN.i.23 (˚yāma the last night watch); DN-a.i.45 sq. (id. ˚kicca duties or performances in the 3^rd watch, corres …

adjective lower, rt. lower part, hindquarter, bottom (?) AN.iv.130; Dhp-a.i.189.

paṭi + avara, cp. Sk. pratyavara

…is fourfold, viz. saṃvara˚, pahāna˚, bhāvana˚ anurakkhaṇā˚ or exertion consisting in the restraint of one’s senses, the…

place before a door or gate Ja.v.433; Ja.vi.327.

• -gāma suburb Dāvs v.3.

pa + dvāra

…Netti.192; Vism.194 (nīvaraṇa-santāpa˚) Dhs-a.166 Dhs-a.345 Vv-a.73

• -pariññā ‣See parinjnjaa; *…

…SN.i.188 (nīvaraṇāni), Snp.17, Snp.209, Snp.520 & passim; Cnd.430; Pv-a.16, Pv-a.122 (= hitvā), Pv-a.211; pahatvāna…

…kāmapariḷāha); kula˚ cīvara Cnd.68, cp. Mil.388 (kule p.); ghar’āvāsa˚, putta-dāro etc. Mnd.136; Cnd.172#a B, 205, cp. Ja.ii.95…

…hands) Vin.ii.209 (cīvara-rajjuṃ ˚itvā; cp. Vin. Texts iii.279). Note. pamajjamāna in phrase gale pi p˚ ānena at Ne.164 is after…

…river (or lake), but cp. ref. in BR. under pampā varaṇ-ādi

…(like Ved. para as opp. to avara lower), as well as “further” in time (i.e. future, to come, or also remote past: see loc. pare under c.),…

adjective noun attending, serving honouring; (m.) attendant, worshipper, follower (cp BSk. paricāraka attendant Avs.i.170; Avs.ii.167] DN.i.101 DN.ii.200; Thag.475; Snp.p.218 (Nd ii.reads ˚cārika) Ja. …

…DN.i.71 (kāya˚ cīvara, kucchi˚ piṇḍapāta; explained as kāya-pariharaṇa-mattakena & kucchi˚ at DN-a.i.207 correct reading…

…to be found in parikkhāra, which is also explained by parivara cp. parikaroti = parivāreti

…in stock phrase “cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānapaccayabhesajja-p.” i.e. robe, alms-bowl, seat & bed medicine as help in…

1. all that belongs to a castle, a mansion and its constituents Vv.84#53 (explained at Vv-a.351 as follows: veṇiyato pekkhitabbato pariveṇaṃ pāsāda-kūtâgāra-ratti-ṭṭhān’ ādisampannaṃ pākāraparikkh …

1. surrounding, suite, retinue, followers, entourage, pomp Ja.i.151; Ja.iv.38; Ja.vi.75; Pv-a.21, Pv-a.30 (˚cāga-cetana, read pariccāga-cetana?); usually as adj.-˚ surrounded by, in company of …

adjective accompanying, forming a retinue Ja.v.234. See also parivāra 4 and paricāraka.

parivāra + ka

1. covering, drapery (so trsl. at K.S. p. 45) SN.i.33.
2. (adj.) (-˚) surrounded by Ja.v.195 (= parikkhitta C.).

fr. pari + vṛ.

…character, viz. sīlasaṃvara˚ indriyasaṃvara˚ bhojane mattaññutā˚, jāgariyânuyoga˚). 3. (adj. ˚) bounded by, limited by,…

enveloping, covering DN.i.246 (= nīvaraṇa); Dhs.1157 (cp. Dhs trsl. 311); Mil.300.

pari + onāha

lit. “going round” analysed by Bdhgh in 3 diff. meanings, viz. vāra (turn, course) desanā (instruction, presentation), and kāraṇa (cause reaso …

…that comes within the range of the faculties. Cp.; parovara.

…contrasted with avara or upara; para denoting the farther, higher or heavenly sphere, avara or upara the lower or earthly sphere: see…

…etc.); AN.iii.275.

• -cīvara bowl and robe (see note in Dial ii.162) Vin.i.46; Vin.ii.78, Vin.ii.194; SN.i.76; Ja.iii.379;…

…Pv-a.39 (˚buddh’āsana); Sdhp.421.

pa + vara

1. the Pavāraṇā, a ceremony at the termination of the Vassa Vin.i.155, Vin.i.160 (where 2 kinds cātuddasikā & pannarasikā); Vin.ii.32. Vin.ii.167; DN.ii.220; SN.i.190. pavāraṇaṃ ṭhapeti to fix or de …

1. to invite, offer, present, satisfy SN.i.190; AN.iv.79; Ja.iii.352.
2. to celebrate the Pavāraṇā (i.e. to come to the end of the Vassa) Vin.i.160 sq.; Vin.ii.255; Dhp-a.i.87; Ja.i.29, Ja.i.215; Ja. …

…Snp-a.565; Mnd.389 however reads payutta and explains as “cīvarapayutta” etc.).

pp. of pa + yu, cp. Sk. pra +…

…AN.v.16) refers to the 5 nīvaraṇāni: see explained at Vism.146. -aṅgikaturiya 5 kinds of music: ātata, vitata, ātata-vitata, ghana…

adjective pale-red or yellow, reddish, light yellow, grey; only at Thig.79 (kisā paṇḍu vivaṇṇā), where paṇḍu represents the usual up-paṇḍ’-uppaṇḍuka-jātā: “thin, pale and colourless” (see Thag- …

to enter upon (a path), to go along, follow out (a way or plan) to go by; fig. to take a line of action, to follow a method to be intent on, to regulate one’s life DN.i.70 (saṃvarāya), DN.i.175 (tatha …

…Ja.iii.72; Mil.15 (pattacīvaraṃ); Vv-a.118 (variant reading ˚yāpeti), Vv-a.157 (variant reading ˚nameti).

paṭi + Caus. of śam,…

…kātuṃ); Vin.iv.60 (cīvarakammaṃ kātuṃ), Vin.iv.254 (dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ), Vin.iv.285 Vin.iv.290; Cnd.p.46 (for Snp prose part…

…Pv-a.128 (varamāna + ; variant reading paṭṭhap˚); aor. paṭṭhayi Pv.ii.9#34 (dānaṃ; variant reading…

…symmetrical Ja.i.220 (cīvara), Ja.i.394 (dantā); Ja.iv.188 (dant’ āvaraṇaṃ); Ja.v.197 (of the membrum muliebre), Ja.v.206 (read…

to shake, toss (or thunder?) only at two places in similar formula, viz. devatā sādhukāraṃ adaṃsu, brahmāno apphoṭesuṃ (variant reading appoṭh˚) Mil.13 Mil.18; Sakko devarājā appoṭhesi (variant readin …

…(dvārāni)
pass pithīyati; pp. pihita (q.v.). The opp. of p. is vivarati.

api + dhā, cp….

covered, closed, shut, obstructed (opp. vivaṭa) MN.i.118; MN.iii.61; SN.i.40; AN.ii.104; Mnd.149; Ja.i.266; Mil.102 (dvāra), Mil.161; Vism.185; DN-a.i.182 (˚dvāra).

pp. of pidahati

see piṭharaka.

(-˚) in chatta˚-vivara is a little doubtful, the phrase prob. means “a crevice in the covering (i.e. the round mass) of the canopy or…

…Divy.496; so read for T. piparikā] at Kp-a.54 to be read for T. pivaraka according to App. Snp-a.869.

cp. Epic Sk. piṭhara

Piṭṭha¹

neuter what is ground, grindings, crushed seeds, flour. Vin.i.201, Vin.i.203; Vin.iv.261 Vin.iv.341 (tila˚ = piññāka); Ja.ii.244 (māsa˚). As piṭṭhi at Ja.i.347. …

1. an individual, as opposed to a group (sangha or parisā), person, man; in later philosophical (Abhidhamma) literature = character, soul (= attan). DN.i.176; MN.iii.58; SN.i.93 sq.; SN.iii.25; AN.i.8 …

indeclinable before (both local & temporal), thus either “before, in front” or “before, formerly, earlier.” In both meanings the opp. is pacchā -

1. local SN.i.176 (pure hoti t …

deference, devotion, honour; usually -˚ (adj.) devoted to honouring DN.i.115; Vin.iii.130; Vin.iv.2, Vin.iv.277; Mnd.73, Mnd.214; Dhp.73 (= parivāra Dhp-a.ii.77); Vv.34#14 (attha˚ hitesin Vv-a.152) …

adjective

1. common, vulgar, uncontrolled in phrase pākat-indriya of uncontrolled mind SN.i.61 (= saṃvarâbhāvena gihikāle viya vivaṭa-indriya K.S. 320), SN.i.204; SN.iii.93; SN.v.269; AN.i.70, …

…noun belonging to a shop, i.e.

1. a shopkeeper AN.i.115 sq.
2. laid out in the shop (of cīvara) Vin.i.255; Vism.62 (= āpaṇa-dvāre…

…Amatassa dvāraṃ* to open the door of Nibbāna Vin.i.5; Vv.64#27 (= vivarati Vv-a.284).

fr. pa + ā + vṛ; cp. Vedic pravṛṇoti

…*pāvuraṇa fr. pra + vṛ; cp. Sk. prāvaraṇa

adjective = pari˚; changing, turning round (of cīvara) Vin.iv.59, Vin.iv.60. Parivasika = pari

…sq.; AN.v.70. -saṃvara “restraint that is binding on a recluse” (Dial. i.79), moral control under the P…

(-˚) (˚pātu) indeclinable visible open, manifest; only in compound with kṛ; and bhū, and with the rule that pātu˚ appears before cons., whereas pātur˚ stands before vowels.

1. w …

…at id. p. has pāvāraka˚).

fr. pa +…

cloak-seller (?) Vin.iv.250.

fr. pāvāra

…Ja.v.506; cp BSk. pāṇisvara Mvu.ii.52. Also adj. one who plays this instrument Ja.vi.276; cp. BSk. pāṇisvarika Mvu.iii.113.

Vedic…

…breasts).

cp. Epic Sk. pīna of pī to swell up (with fat); to which also Vedic pīvan & pīvara fat, Gr.; πιμελή & ππιμελή &…

…in combination rakkhā + āvaraṇa (+ gutti) shelter defence, e.g. at Vin.ii.194; DN.i.61 (dhammikaṃ r
■ v. guttiṃ saṃvidaheyyāma);…

…khalitam gaḷitam˚ vivaram-esī ti“); Ja.ii.53; Ja.iii.192; Snp-a.393 (+ vivara); Dhp-a.iii.376, Dhp-a.iii.377 (˚gavesita).

Sk….

…Pp.34.

• -vara the best of gems Snp.683 (= vararatana-bhūta Snp-a.486).
• -sutta the Suttanta of the (3)…

…paṃsukūla-cīvara, r - m. s., pūti-mutta bhesajja), Vin.i.96 (id.) AN.iv.231. -mūlika (a) one who lives at…

…roots in Vedic Sk
■ Dhtp (375, 425) explains by “āvaraṇe”; id. Dhtm (608, 662).

…pajahanti kāmarāgaṃ bhavararāganu-sayañ ca pahāya… parinibbāna-gatā Vv.53#24; kusalo jahati pāpakaṃ… rāga dosa-mohakkhayā…

…fistula Vv-a.43.

• -vara the best king, famous king Vv.32#1 (= Sakka Vv-a.134)
• -vallabha the…

…fistula Vv-a.43.

• -vara the best king, famous king Vv.32#1 (= Sakka Vv-a.134)
• -vallabha the…

heaven, the next world, popularly conceived as a place of happiness and long life (cp. the pop. etym. of “suṭṭhu-aggattā sagga” Pv-a.9 “rūpādīhi visayehi suṭṭhu aggo ti saggo” Vism.427) usually the …

thousand, used as a singular with a noun in the plural, sahassaṃ vācā Dhp.100; satasahassaṃ vassāni Ja.i.29; also in the plural after other numerals cattāri satasahassāni chaḷabhiññā Bv.ii.204 = J …

to trample down Vin.i.137; Vin.i.286 (cīvaraṃ, to soak, steep); ppr. sammaddanto Vin.i.137 (to crush).

saṃ + maddati

1. attainment, success accomplishment; happiness, good fortune; blessing bliss AN.i.38; Pv.ii.9#47 (= sampatti Pv-a.132)
   ■ Sampadā in its pregnant meaning is applied to the accomplishments of th …

to surround, wait upon, attend on Ja.i.61; aor. 3^rd pl. samparivāresuṃ Ja.i.164 ger. samparivārayitvā Ja.i.61; ˚etvā (do.) Ja.vi.43, Ja.vi.108 Cp. sampavāreti.

saṃ + parivāreti

to cause to accept, to offer, to regale, serve with; ger. sampavāretvā Vin.i.18; Vin.ii.128; DN.i.109; aor. sampavāresi DN.ii.97.

saṃ + pavāreti; cp. BSk. saṃpravārayati Divy.285, Divy.310, etc.; Av …

1. to be current, to be in use MN.i.40 (= kāya-vacī-dvāraṃ sampatta s. MN-a.182)
2. to occur to, to befall, beset, assail MN.i.109, MN.i.112 MN.i.453; SN.ii.273; Iti.31; Vism.343.
3. to behave towa …

…from the 5 hindrances (nīvaraṇāni) 5. the 4 jhānas.

In the same way we find samādhi grouped as one of the…

adjective near, close (to) Snp-a.43 (bhumma-vacana), Snp-a.174, Snp-a.437; Kp-a.111; Pv-a.47 (dvāra˚ magga) (nt.) proximity DN.i.118. Cases adverbially: acc. -aṃ near to Pv-a.107; loc. *-- …

…can we compare BSk. svaragupti “depth of voice” Divy.222?] intonation, resonance timbre, melodiousness of voice Vin.ii.108 = AN.iii.251;…

…preaches Ja.iii.342 (cp. vara-pallanka Ja.iii.364).

• -pādaka having legs like those of a gazelle Ja.i.267.

Vedic…

…Vin.ii.79 -saṃvara restraint in mindfulness Vism.7; Dhs-a.351; Snp-a.8….

an aboriginal tribe, a savage Vin.i.168; Mil.191.

Epic Sk. śabara, cp. śabala = P. sabala

…Snp-a.135.

• -vara self-choice Ja.v.426.
• -vasin self-controlled, independent Bv.ii.20 =…

…The fivefold saṃvara: sīla˚, sati˚ ñāṇa˚, khanti˚, viriya˚; i.e. by virtue, mindfulness insight, patience, effort…

…hold; to restrain oneself Vin.ii.102 (Pot. ˚vareyyāsi); Mil.152 (pāso na saṃvarati)
pp saṃvuta.

saṃ + varati =…

covering; obstruction Dhtp.274 (as def. of root val, i.e. vṛ;).

fr. saṃ + vṛ.

…DN.iii.196; Ja.iv.441; Ja.v.14, Ja.v.269; Ja.vi.243.

Vedic śarvarī fr. śarvara speckled; the P. form viâ sabbarī → sāvarī → saṃvarī

…MN.ii.260.

pp. of saṃvarati

bond, fetter SN.iv.163 etc.; especially the fetters that bind man to the wheel of transmigration Vin.i.183; SN.i.23; SN.v.241, SN.v.251; AN.i.264 AN.iii.443; AN.iv.7 sq. (diṭṭhi˚); MN.i.483; Dhp.370; …

…tightly fastened or closed, well-joined Vv.64#2 (= nibbivara Vv-a.275).

pp. of sangacchati

…Pv.iv.1#46; Vb-a.359 (˚cīvara); Pv-a.43.

• -cāra wandering about in a sanghāṭī, having deposited the cīvara…

…transferred Vin.i.190; cīvara˚; a dress that should be handed over, which does not belong to one Vin.iv.282

pp…

…Dhp-a.i.174. Cp. kacavara & kattara.;

• -cola a rag picked up from a rubbish heap Ja.iv.380. *…

…MN.i.21 (= paṇṇa-kacavara MN-a.i.120); Ja.ii.271.

most likely = Sk. śada (fall), fr. śad to fall; Kern

Toevoegselen

s. v. equals…

…with the synonyms saṃvara, samādhi & paññā at Vism.274. 2. (as one of the 6 Vedāngas) phonology or phonetics combined with…

…(= Sindhava-raṭṭhe jatā assā); (nt.) rock salt Vin.i.202 Sindhavaraṭṭha the Sindh country Thag-a.270; Ja.v.260.

Sk. saindhava

see sinduvāra.

the tree Vitex negundo DN-a.i.252; Dhs-a.14, Dhs-a.317; also spelt sindhavāra Vv-a.177 sinduvārikā Ja.vi.269; sindhuvāritā (i.e. sinduvārikā? Ja.vi.550 = Ja.vi.553; *[s …

…reading sopāṇakaḷevara as at MN.ii.92).

• -panti a flight or row of steps, a ladder Vism.392 (three). *…

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

adjective connected with heaven Vin.i.294; DN.i.51; AN.ii.54, AN.ii.68; AN.iii.46, AN.iii.51, AN.iii.259; AN.iv.245; SN.i.90; DN-a.i.158.

fr. sagga = *svarga; cp. the similar formation dovārika = dvāra

…(fourfold: desanā˚, saṃvara˚ pariyeṭṭhi˚, paccavekkhaṇa˚); Dhs.1005; Snp.478 suddhiṃvada stating purity, Snp.910; Mnd.326;…

…s. dhammā are indriyasaṁvara, tapasaṁkhāta puññadhamma, bojjhangabhāvanā and sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggasankhāta nibbāna)

• -bhūmi a…

…Snp-a.493 (cp. parovara) It is very frequent as Commentary word, e.g. for prefix su˚; Pv-a.57, Pv-a.77; Vv-a.111; for…

…as barter for cīvara at Vin.iii.216. 2. the (discursive, narrational part of the Buddhist Scriptures containing the…

coarse cloth MN.i.509 (cp. Deśīnāmamālā viii.52; Karpūramañjarī p. 19; J.P.T.S. 1891, 5 and Prākrit sāhulī, Z.D.M.G., xxviii., p. 415).

large (covered & enclosed) hall large room, house; shed, stable etc., as seen fr. foll examples: aggi˚; a hall with a fire Vin.i.25, Vin.i.49 = Vin.ii.210 āsana˚; hall with seats Dhp-a.ii.65; *ud …

Sāyana¹

neuter tasting, taste Dhtp.229.

fr. sāyati

Sāyana²

the Nāga tree (cp. nāga 3) Ja.vi.535 (vāraṇā sā yanā = nāgarukkhā, C., ibid. 535, var. read. vāyana) Kern,

Toevoe …

…Ja.iii.193 -saṃvara self-restraint in conduct DN.i.69; Dhs.1342; DN-a.i.182. -saṃvuta…

1. a needle; (fig.) hunger Pv.ii.8#3; Pv-a.107.
2. a small bolt to a door Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.148. sūcik’aṭṭha whose bones are like needles (?) Pv.iii.2#3 Pv-a.180 (sūcigātā ti vā pāṭho. Vijjhanatthe …

…Mil.118, Mil.267; Vb-a.11 (vara-sayane sayāpita)
■ f. sūkarī Ja.ii.406 (read vañjha˚).

• -antaka a kind of…

…small, slender Vv.16#2 (vara graceful = uttamarūpa-dhara Vv-a.79; perhaps to 2) Pv-a.46 (of hair: fine + mudhu). 2. (n. nt.) body (orig….

…(often brahmacariyā & saṃvara); in this sense held up as an ideal by the Buddha. DN.iii.42 sq., DN.iii.232 (attan & paran˚) DN.iii.239;…

adjective noun one devoted to religious austerities, an ascetic (non-Buddhist). Fig. one who exercises self-control & attains mastery over his senses Vin.i.234 = AN.iv.184 (tapassī samaṇo Gotamo); D …

…(often brahmacariyā & saṃvara); in this sense held up as an ideal by the Buddha. DN.iii.42 sq., DN.iii.232 (attan & paran˚) DN.iii.239;…

…also tura, turita, turiya.

tvarate, pp. tvarita; also turati, turayati from *ter to turn round, move quickly, perhaps identical with the *ter…

…ii.10 calaṃ sthāvara]. Metaphorically of people who are in fear & trembling, as distinguished from a thāvara, a selfpossessed & firm…

Tasati¹

to be thirsty fig. to crave for SN.ii.13; Mil.254
pp tasita¹. Cp pari˚.

Sk. tṛṣyati = Gr. τέρσομοι to dry up, Lat. torreo (= E. torrid, toast), Goth. gapairsan & gapa …

Num. ord. the third
■ Snp.97 (parābhavo); Snp.436 (khuppipāsā as the 3rd division in the army of Māra), Snp.1001; Ja.ii.353; Dhp.309; Pv-a.69 (tatiyāya jātiya: in her third birth). Tatiyaṃ (nt. adv …

…the rise of craving (viz. cīvara, piṇḍapāta, senâsana, itibhavâbhava) AN.ii.10 = Iti.109; DN.iii.228; Vb.375;

• -kāyā (pl.) (six)…

rice-grain, rice husked & ready for boiling; freq. combined with tila (q.v.) in mentioning of offerings, presentations, etc.: loṇaṃ telaṃ taṇḍulaṃ khādaniyaṃ sakaṭesu āropetvā Vin.i.220, Vin.i.238, V …

…three robes (cp. ticīvara) Vin.i.253; Ud.42; Pp.69 Vism.60.

• -daṇḍika carrying the tripod (see tidaṇḍa);…

covering, lid; closing up Dhp-a.iv.85 (saṃvara +).

see next

to cover, cover up, close (usually of doors windows) Vin.ii.134 (kaṇṇagūthakehi kaṇṇā thakitā honti: the ears were closed up), Vin.ii.148 (kavaṭā na thakīyanti, pass.), Vin.ii.209 (vātapāna); Vin. …

…(one year or more), cp. thāvara old age, then “old = venerable”; (in meaning to be compared w. Lat. senior, etc from num. sem “one” =…

…In Vin. only in phrase cīvaraṃ… na acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ Vin.i.50, Vin.i.53 = Vin.ii.227, Vin.ii.230; Ja.vi.530 (madhu-ttheva a…

steadfastness, stability Dhp-a.iv.176 (thiratāya thavarā; so read for ṭhira˚).

fr. thira

…Iti.32 (tasaṃ vā thāvaraṃ vā). See tasa for ref.

Vedic sthāvara, from sthā, cp. sthavira, Gr. σταυρός post, Lat. re-stauro,…

…his fellow bhikkhus called him Thera.

from thāvara²

…dhuvabhāvaṃ thāvarabhāvaṃ vā patto na sakkā kenaci cāletuṃ.“ DN.i.88; DN.ii.16, DN.ii.146, DN.ii.169; SN.i.100; Snp.p.106;…

…one of the 5 hindrances (nīvaraṇāni) to Arahantship (see below) Def. as cittassa akammaññatā, unwieldiness or impliability of mind (=…

…again) Gr. στϋλος pillar, “style”; Goth. stojan etc. (see thāvara); Ags. styran = E. steer, Ger. steuer

…or four Dhp-a.i.173; -cīvara (nt.) the 3 robes of a bhikkhu consisting of: diguṇā sanghāṭi, ekacciya uttarāsanga…

adverb transversely, obliquely, horizontally (as opp to uddhaṃ vertically, above, & adho beneath), slanting across. In combⁿ uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi “in all directions whatever” DN.i …

an arched gateway, portal Vin.ii.154; DN.ii.83; Vv.35#1 (= dvārakoṭṭhaka-pāsādassa nāmaṃ Vv-a.160); Ja.iii.428; Dāvs v.48.

Sk. toraṇa, perhaps related to Gr. τύρσις, τύρρις = Lat. turris (tower), c …

…v.56; turagamana Pv-a.57.

Vedic tura, cp. tvaraṇa

1. the palmyra tree (fan palm), Borassus flabelliformis; freq. in comparisons similes MN.i.187; Ja.i.202 (˚vana), Ja.i.273 (˚matta as tall as a palm): Vv-a.162; Pv-a.100 (chinnamūlo viya tālo)
2. a …

Name of a people in the time of Buddha Kakusandha SN.ii.191.

fertile soil, sown field; fig. woman, wife Ja.vi.473 (= orodha C.).

Sk. urvarā, Av. urvara plant

water Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.213; DN.ii.15 (˚assa dhārā gushes or showers of w.); Dhp.80 Dhp.145; Ja.i.212; Pv.i.5#7; Pp.31, Pp.32; Mil.318; Vv-a.20 (udake temanaṃ aggimhe tāpanaṃ); Dhp-a.i.289; Dhp-a. …

…of the 5^th nīvaraṇa’s and as the 9^th of the 10 saṃyojana’s (q.v.), e.g. at DN.i.71, DN.i.246; DN.iii.49,…

…as indīvara)), or Cordia Myxa lit. “uprooter” Vv.6#7 (= vātaghātako yo rājarukkho ti pi vuccati Vv-a.43); Ja.iv.301…

… ■ an˚; Vism.64 (˚cīvara).

• -niddesa exhaustive exposition, special designation, term par excellence Dhs-a.70;…

…(ariyaṃ aṭṭhangavaraṃ upetan = aṭṭhahi angehi upetaṃ yuttaṃ Pv-a.243); Vism.18 (+ sam˚, upagata samupagata etc); Pv-a.7 …

…full of (˚-) Vin.i.285 (cīvaraṃ u. overstocked; Vin.ii.270 (āmisaṃ too abundant); Vin.iii.286 Thig.444 (= upacita Thag-a.271); Ja.i.48,…

…comb^d. with pavara) Kp-a.124; Dhp-a.i.430: Pv-a.1, Pv-a.50
■ dum-uttama a splendid tree Vv.39#3; nar˚ the best of men…

Uttara¹

adjective

1. higher, high, superior, upper, only in compounds, Ja.ii.420 (musal˚ with the club on top of him? Cy not clear, perhaps to uttara²); see also below.
2. nort …

…Wtb.* s. v. volvo
■ The Dhtp (274) gives root val in meaning saṃvaraṇa, i.e. obstruct, cover. See further vuṇāti

Vappa¹

masculine or neuter to be sown, sowing; or soil to be sown on, in paṃsu˚; sowing on light soil & kalala˚; on heavy soil Snp-a.137
■ Note. The defⁿ of a root *vap …

…Phaseolus trilobus Ja.ii.75 (where equal to kalāya); Mil.267; Dhp-a.i.311.

cp. *Sk. varaka

Varaka²

adjective wishing or asking…

*Varati

& der. (“to choose” as well as “to obstruct”) see vuṇāti.

vṛ

Varatta & Varattā

neuter & feminine a strap, thong, strip of leather SN.i.63; AN.ii.33; Snp.622; Dhp.398 (fig. for taṇhā); Ja.ii.153; Ja.v.45….

Varatta & Varattā

neuter & feminine a strap, thong, strip of leather SN.i.63; AN.ii.33; Snp.622; Dhp.398 (fig. for taṇhā); Ja.ii.153; Ja.v.45….

…= Dhp-a.iii.409 (˚kaṭṭhabhañja); Ja.vi.535.

cp. Sk. varaṇa rampart, causeway, wall

boar, wild hog Dhp.325 = Thag.17; Ja.v.406 = Ja.vi.277; Mil.364 Sdhp.378.

Vedic varāha & varāhu, freq. in Rigveda

adjective wretched, miserable SN.i.231; Ja.iv.285; Vism.315; Vv-a.101; Pv-a.120 (syn for kapaṇa), Pv-a.175 (id.).

cp. Epic Sk. varāka

Vasana¹

neuter clothing, clothes Snp.971; Thig.374; DN.iii.118 (odāta˚), DN.iii.124 (id.); Mnd.495 (the six cīvarāni); Pv-a.49
■ vasanāni clothing Mhvs.22, Mhvs.30- *[vasana](/define …

…Ja.vi.532, cp. Snp.1073. -vara a eunuch Ja.vi.502 -valāhaka a rain cloud AN.iii.243 (˚devā)….

Vattha¹

neuter

1. cloth; clothing, garment raiment; also collectively: clothes; MN.i.36 sq. AN.i.132, AN.i.209, AN.i.286; AN.ii.85, AN.ii.241; AN.iii.27 (odātaṃ), AN.iii.50 (kāsikaṃ), AN. …

…of, in special sense (cīvara˚; robecutter perhaps fr. vardh to cut: see vaddheti) a tailor Ja.i.220.

fr. vaḍḍheti

Vesī & Vesiyā

feminine a woman of low caste, a harlot, prostitute

1. vesī: Vin.iii.138; Ja.v.425; in cpd. vesi-dvāra a pleasure house Thig.73
2. vesiyā Vin.i …

Vesī & Vesiyā

feminine a woman of low caste, a harlot, prostitute

1. vesī: Vin.iii.138; Ja.v.425; in cpd. vesi-dvāra a pleasure house Thig.73
2. vesiyā Vin.i …

…Ne.5, Ne.8 sq., Ne.38 (+ vivaraṇā uttāni-kammatā); Tikp.10; Snp-a.445 (vivaraṇa, v. uttāni-karaṇa); Dhs-a.343, Dhs-a.344. Cp….

…SN.v.261 (dhammaṃ vivarati vibhajati uttāni-karoti); Snp.87; Pp.41; Vb.259; Mil.145; Snp-a.237; DN-a.i.104; Pv-a.81, Pv-a.111. ger…

…uncertainty (one of the nīvaraṇas) DN.i.246; DN.iii.49, DN.iii.216, DN.iii.234 DN.iii.269; SN.i.99; SN.iii.106 sq. (dhammesu v. doubt about the…

Vihāraka = vihāra

(room, hut) Thig.94 (= vasanakaovaraka Thag-a.90).

Vihāraka = vihāra

(room, hut) Thig.94 (= vasanakaovaraka Thag-a.90).

…of the overcoming of the nīvaraṇas, 2 of the 4 jhānas; the third consists of 8 items, viz 1 ñāṇa-dassana, 2 manomaya-kāya, 3 iddhi 4…

…passages refer to the cīvara. 2. alternative, indecision, indefiniteness (= vikappa), as t. t. g. applied to part.; ca and…

…give Vin.i.289 (cīvaraṃ); Vin.iv.121 (id.). 4. to arrange, put on, get ready Vin.i.297. 5. to change, alter, shape, form Ja.v.4…

…of support, stopping (the nīvaraṇas or any evil influences or corruptions: kilesa˚), arresting, paralysing; elimination discarding Pts.ii.179;…

…kilese v.); Mil.34 (nīvaraṇe); Dhp-a.iv.119 (pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā: here in meaning “set up, establish” Or to produce such pīti as…

…(lit. against the hair), discrepant, reversed, wrong, unnatural Vin.ii.115 (of cīvara: unsightly); Ja.iii.113; Dpvs.vii.55; Dhp-a.i.379;…

…appamāṇe mahanta vara-pāsāda Vv-a.131; = visiṭṭhamānaṃ, pamāṇato mahantaṃ Vv-a.160
■ applied meaning: heavenly…

…by Bdhgh as “saṃvara-vinaya-pahāna-vinaya sannissitaṃ katvā vadatī ti” v. DN-a.i.76, thus taking it as vinaya 3 = MN.iii.49…

…BSk., e.g. Mvu.iii.225; Divy.616 sq.

vi + nīvaraṇa

…the power of energy DN.iii.229, DN.iii.253; AN.iv.363; Ja.i.109.

• -saṃvara restraint by will…

planed, smoothed; su˚; well carded (of a cīvara) Vin.iii.259.

pp. of vitaccheti

1. opening (lit. dis-covering), pore, cleft, leak, fissure Dhp.127 (pabbatānaṃ; cp Divy.532; Mil.150; Pv-a.104); Vism.192, Vism.262; Ja.iv.16; Ja.v.87; Dhp-a.iv.46 (mukha˚); Snp-a.355; Pv-a.152, …

…etc.)
pp vivaṭa.

vi + varati vṛ; see vuṇāti

…Ne.8 (as f.) Snp-a.445.

fr. vivarati

…a garment, Divy.39). In the second case (vivaṭa˚;) it is pp. of vivarati [vi + vṛ: see vuṇāti

…SN.v.263; cp. cetovivaraṇa
■ vivaṭa is freq.variant reading for vivatta (-cchada) e.g. at AN.ii.44; Snp.372; Dhp-a.iii.195;…

…volvo, aperio etc. See vivarati. The pp. *vuta only in combination with prefixes, like pari˚, saṃ˚ It also appears as…

…˚dhātu MN.iii.62. ˚nīvaraṇa MN.ii.203. See under each affix
■ Cp. avyāpāda.

fr. vyāpajjati. See also…

…Dhp.281 (cp vācāya saṃvara Dhp-a.iv.86).

• -ābhilāpa “speechjabbering,” forbidden talk Snp.49 (i.e. the 32 tiracchānakathā…

…(= cīvara) a bark garment worn by an ascetic Vin.iii.34; AN.i.240, AN.i.295; Ja.i.8, Ja.i.304; Ja.v.132; Pp.55 *…

pot, jar Vin.ii.122 (three kinds: loha˚, dāru˚ and cammakhaṇḍa˚); Ja.i.349 Ja.ii.70; Ja.iii.52 (dadhi˚); Mil.260; Dhs-a.377 (phānita˚).

cp. Sk. vāra & vāraka

adjective consisting of leather or a strap Ja.iii.185.

fr. varatta

Vāraṇa¹

neuter warding off, obstruction, resistance Vb-a.194, Vb-a.195 (= nivāraṇa)
■ ātapa˚; sunshade Dāvs i.28; Dāvs v.35.

fr. vṛ; to obstruct

Vāraṇa²

1. elephant Ja …

at Thag.1129 read cāraṇika (a little play): see Brethren 419 note.

1. to prevent, obstruct, hinder Pv.ii.7#7 (vārayissaṃ I had the habit of obstructing; = nivāresiṃ Pv-a.102); Vv-a.68; Sdhp.364
2. to ask in marriage Thag-a.266; Pv-a.55

caus 2 vārāpeti to induc …

wind. There exists a common distinction of winds into 2 groups: “internal and “external” winds, or the ajjhattikā vāyo-dhātu (wind category), and the bāhirā. They are discussed at Vb.84, quoted a …

indeclinable

1. as conjunction: if; constructed either with pres. indic., as: Snp.189; “yadi bodhiṃ pattuṃ icchasi” Ja.i.24 (v. 167); “yadi dāyako dānaṃ deti… etaṃ bījaṃ hoti” Pv-a.8; or pot.; o …

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

means for holding, contrivance, artifice, instrument machine, mechanism; fig. instrumentality (as perhaps in, kamma˚ at Th passages)
■ Referring to the machinery (outfit) of a ship (as oars, helm, …

Yaso & Yasa

neuter glory, fame, repute success, high position. On term as used with ref. to the brahmin see Fick, Sociale Gliederung 128, 129. The prevailing idea of Dhammapāla is that yaso consist …

adjective glorious, famous, renowned, having all endowments or comforts of life (as explained at Cnd.530: yasappatta, sakkata, lābhī etc.) DN.i.48 (ñāta +) AN.ii.34; Snp.179, Snp.298, Snp.343, Snp.11 …

Yaso & Yasa

neuter glory, fame, repute success, high position. On term as used with ref. to the brahmin see Fick, Sociale Gliederung 128, 129. The prevailing idea of Dhammapāla is that yaso consist …

…Vism.79 (vikampeti Mārassa hadayaṃ yatī); Pv-a.287 (instr. muni-vara-yatinā).

fr. yat, cp. Vedic yati leader, guide

…as “ye yaññaṃ (viz. cīvaraṃ etc.) esanti” those who wish for a gift, “ye yaññaṃ abhisankharonti” those who get it ready, and…

abundant, numerous, most. Not found as adj. by itself, except in phrase yebhuyya-vasena mostly, as a rule Thag-a.51 and Pv-a.136, which is identical with the usual instr. *[yebhuyyena](/define/ye …

1. to yoke, harness, tie, bind Pv.ii.9#36 (vāhana, the draught-bullock); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.40 (yojayi aor.; variant reading for yojāpayi); Pv-a.74 (sindhave).
2. to furnish (with), combine, unite, mix, …

…Ja.iv.82; Ja.v.45 (cammay- varatta), Ja.v.47; Vism.269; Dhp-a.i.205; Snp-a.137. As dhura-yotta at Ja.i.192; Ja.vi.253.

Vedic yoktra, cp….

…together with cīvarabhājaka, phala-bhājaka & khajja-bhājaka), Vin.iv.38 (yāgu˚, phala˚, khajja˚), Vin.ii.155 (id.);…

…(yānaṃ poroseyyaṃ pavara-maṇi-kuṇḍalaṃ, where vv.ll. on p. 561 read voropeyya and oropeyya, which Neumann (unwarrantedly)…

… 2. as-˚: anāvaraṇa˚ DN-a.i.100; ariya SN.i.228; AN.iii.451; khanti Pts.i.106 jātissara Ja.i.167; cutûpapāta MN.i.22,…

…khaṇa˚, matta˚, ratta˚, vara˚ vipacita˚, veda˚, sabba˚, etc. (q.v.)-fem. abstr. ˚ñutā in same combinations.

Sk -jña, from jānāti,…

…paṭṭhapeti vivarati etc., e.g. Mnd.271; Cnd.465; Vism.163
■ attānaṃ ā. to disclose one’s identity Pv-a.89, Pv-a.100
pp…

…appakiṇṇa); Snp.408 (˚varalakkhaṇa = vipula- varalakkh˚ Snp-a.383); Pv.ii.12#4 (nānā-dijagaṇ = āyutta Pv-a.157); Pp.31;…

Ākoṭana¹

neuter beating on, knocking MN.i.385; Mil.63, Mil.306; Dhs-a.144.

fr. ākoṭeti

Ākoṭana²

adjective beating, driving, inciting, urging Ja.vi.253 (f. ākoṭanī of paññā, …

1. to beat down, pound, stamp Ja.i.264.
2. to beat, knock, thrash Vin.ii.217; Ja.ii.274; Pv-a.55 (aññamaññaṃ); Sdhp.159.
3. Esp. with ref. to knocking at the door, in phrases aggaḷaṃ ākoṭeti to bea …

…flattened & pressed all round (of the cīvara) SN.ii.281; Dhp-a.i.37.

pp. of ākoṭeti

…exhibit Vin.ii.126 (saṃvaraṃ); DN.i.222 (pariyeṭṭhiṃ); Iti.113 (vuddhiṃ) Ja.i.73; Pp.20, Pp.33 (diṭṭh’ânugatiṃ); Pv-a.29…

watch, guard, protection, care DN.ii.59; DN.iii.289; SN.iv.97, SN.iv.175, SN.iv.195; AN.ii.120; AN.iii.38; AN.iv.266, AN.iv.270, AN.iv.281 (˚sampadā), AN.iv.322 (id.), AN.iv.400; AN.v.29 sq.; Ja.i.203 …

1. sun-heat Snp.52; Ja.i.336; Dhs.617; Dpvs.i.57; Vv-a.54; Pv-a.58.
2. glow, heat (in general Pv.i.7#4; Sdhp.396.
3. (fig.) (cp. tapa²) ardour, zeal exertion Pv-a.98 (viriyā-tapa; perh …

adjective obstructing, keeping off from Ja.v.325 (so to be read in ariya-magg-âvara).

fr. ā + vṛ.

to shut out from (abl.), hold back from, refuse, withhold, obstruct MN.i.380 (dvāraṃ) Snp.922 (pot. ˚aye, cp. Mnd.368); DN-a.i.235 (dvāraṃ) Dpvs.i.38
pp āvaṭa and *āvuta^{2</s …}

…of the teeth“, lip Ja.iv.188; Ja.vi.590.

fr. ā + vṛ; cp. āvarati; BSk. āvaraṇa in pañc’ āvaraṇāni Divy.378

keeping away from, withholding from AN.iii.436.

abstr. fr. āvaraṇa

adjective , MN.i.273; an˚; not to be obstructed, impossible to obstruct MN.iii.3; Mil.157.

grd. fr. āvarati

covered, veiled, shut off against, prohibited DN.i.97, DN.i.246; MN.i.381 (˚dvāra); Ja.vi.267. -anāvaṭa uncovered, unveiled, exposed, open DN.i.137 (˚dvāra); DN.iii.191 (˚dvāratā …

…derivative of ā + vṛ.

in form = *avṛṇoti, ā + vṛ; cp. āvarati, but in meaning = *āvayati, ā + vā

warding off, protection, guard Ja.vi.432 (yanta-yutta˚, does it mean “cover, shield”?). For cpd. khandh’āvāra see khandha.

Sk. āvāra, fr. ā + vṛ.

to ward off, hold back, bar, SN.iv.298; Ne.99.

Sk. āvārayati, ā + Caus. of vṛ.

…fifteen); Snp.301 (nārī-varagaṇ˚ = ˚saṃyutta Snp-a.320); Pv.ii.12#4 (nānā-saragaṇ˚ ˚yutta Pv-a.157). 2. seized, conquered, in…

adjective at Ja.v.81, Ja.v.82 is corrupt & should with variant reading perhaps better be read; advāraka without doors. Cp Kern,

Toevoegselen

29 (ālāraka?). Ja.v.81 has āḷāraka only.

1. the pin of a wheel-axle, a linch-pin MN.i.119; SN.ii.266, SN.ii.267; AN.ii.32; Snp.654; Ja.vi.253, Ja.vi.432; Snp-a.243; Kp-a.45, Kp-a.50.
2. a peg, pin, bolt, stop (at a door) MN.i.119; SN.ii …

…iś to have power, perf. īśe = Goth. aih; cp. Sk. īśvara = P. issara, & BSk. īśa, e.g. Jtm.31#81

…Pv-a.4, Pv-a.20 (varaṃ ṭhapetvā denying a wish), Pv-a.39, Pv-a.114 (setting up); Mil.13 (ṭhapetvā setting aside, leaving till…