…also examples given under yāvatā.

5. Cases used adverbially: Either locally or modally with regards to the local adverbs…

Abhaya ¹

A monk whose verse concerning the bewildering effects of beautiful sights is in the Theragāthā. Thag.98

Abhaya²Abhayarājakumāra

The son of King Bimbisāra and of Padum …

A Therī. Two verses attributed to her are found in the Therigatha. Thig.33–34

A Therī. Two verses are attributed to her in the Therīgāthā. Thig.35 Thig.46

Abhibhū¹

Chief disciple of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.9 In the Aruṇavatī Sutta it is said that he went with Sikhī to a Brahma-world and, at the Buddha’s request, preached a sermon to the accompa …

A class of devas mentioned among those assembled on the occasion of the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

One of the Pacceka Buddhas in a nominal list. MN.iii.70

Acelakassapa¹AcelaKassapa

A naked ascetic. He visited the Buddha at Ujuññā in the Kaṇṇa-katthala deer-park and asked him if it were true that he disparaged all penance and reviled asceti …

A novice who had a conversation with Prince Jayasena on the life of the bhikkhu. Aciravata repeats this conversation to the Buddha who thereupon preaches the Dantabhūmi Sutta. MN.iii.128ff.

The nov …

…Vin.iv.278 The Chabbaggiyā nuns, however, continued to do so even afterwards. Vin.iv.259f.

The river was crossed in rafts; Vin.iii.63 it…

The word occurs in a list of brahmin teachers in the Tevijja Sutta. DN.i.237 They teach a state of union with Brahmā. These are evidently Adhvaryu brahmins.

A city where Revata went on his way from Soreyya to Sahajāti, prior to the Council of Vesālī. Vin.ii.300

???2town

…a brahmin clan, the Agnivesyāyanas, and the Ksatriyas who were so styled, took the name from their brahmin priests.

The name is used by the…

…Vin.ii.172f.

The Chabbaggiyā are censured here for a nissaggiya offence. Vin.iii.224 The Vaṅgīsa Sutta was preached there to Vaṅgīsa, on…

A mountain in North India, on the Upper Ganges. There, for some time, lived the Thera Sambhūta Sānavāsi, and it was there that Yasa Kākandakaputta saw him. The meeting of arahants to discuss what meas …

A Yakkha who tried to frighten the Buddha, but who, later, became his disciple. Ud.4–5

A shrine at Pāvā at which sacrifices were offered to Ajakalāpaka. Ud.4

26.683878,84.0551931shrine

…on the five indriyāni, were concerning thoughts that occurred to the Buddha on various occasions at the foot of this tree, when he sat…

Ajita¹

A monk. He devoted his time to explaining the Pātimokkha rules to the monks. At the time of the Second Council he was a monk of ten years’ standing and was appointed to assign seats …

AjitamāṇavaAjita

One of the disciples of Bāvarī who visited the Buddha at the request of their teacher.

He was the first to question the Buddha, and the questions asked by him form the Ajitamāṇavapu …

…for him a monastery at Gayāsīsa and waited upon him morning and evening carrying food for him, sometimes as much as five hundred cartloads in…

A country near Māgadha, perhaps near Vethadīpaka. When the Bulis of Allakappa heard of the Buddha’s death, they sent messengers to the Mallas asking for a portion of the relics, claiming that they too …

Ambalaṭṭhikā¹

A royal park on the road between Rājagaha and Nāḷandā. It contained a royal rest-house in which the Buddha and members of the Order used to stay in the course of their journ …

A brahmin village in Māgadha to the east of Rājagaha.

To the north of the village was the Vediyaka mountain, in which was the Indasālaguhā, where the Sakkapañha Sutta was preached. On the occasion of …

AmbatitthaAmbatitthāAmbatiṭṭha

A village in the Cetiya country near Bhaddavatikā. When the Buddha was on tour near there he was repeatedly warned by the cowherds not to go to Ambatiṭṭha as in the Jaṭ …

AmbaṭṭhaAmbaṭṭhamāṇava

A brahmin youth of the Ambaṭṭha clan who lived with his teacher, Pokkharasādi, at Ukkaṭṭha. He was learned in the three Vedas and the correlated branches of knowledge, includin …

AmbāṭakavanaAmbālavana

A grove at Macchikāsaṇḍa, belonging to Cittagahapati. It became the residence of large numbers of monks, and discussions often took place there between Cittagahapati and the re …

…Soma, Kisāgotamī, Vijayā, Uppalavaṇṇā, Cālā, Upacālā, Sisūpacālā, Selā, Vajirā. Snp5

Once when Anuruddha was staying there he…

A class of devas mentioned as having been present on the occasion of the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.160

A semi-mythical lake, said to be in the Himalayas. Thag.430

Himalaya5lake

A township in the Malla country to the east of Kapilavatthu. Large numbers of Sākiyan princes joined the Order there, including Bhaddiya, Anuruddha, Ānanda, Bhagu, Kimbila, Devadatta and their barber, …

First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …

A banker (seṭṭhi) of Sāvatthī who became famous because of his unparalleled generosity to the Buddha. His first meeting with the Buddha was during the first year after the Enlightenment, in Rājagaha …

…each cakkavāla (world-system) has an Aparagoyāna.

5continent

A wealthy burgess of Sāvatthī who died intestate. In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.89–91 we find Pasenadi, King of Kosala, visiting the Buddha at noonday and telling him that he had just finished having th …

The Bodhisatta, born as a brahmin teacher. In the Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.iv.136–138 we are told that among Araka’s pupils those who followed his teachings were born in the Brahma-world, while the others …

One of the three daughters of Māra, the others being Taṇhā and Ragā. Seeing their father disconsolate after his repeated attempts to foil Gotama’s quest for Enlightenment, they offered to tempt the Bu …

…the Chabbaggiyā (group of six) monks kept company with Ariṭṭha, thereby committing a pācittiya-offence. Vin.iv.137 We find…

A class of devas who were present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta.

They were like azure flowers in hue (ummāpupphanibhāsino). DN.ii.260

A devaputta who once visited the Buddha at Veḷuvana, in the company of Sahali, Ninka, Ākoṭaka, Vetambarī and Mānava-Gāmiya.

They were disciples of different teachers and, standing before the Buddh …

A class of devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. They are mentioned together with the Yama twins. DN.ii.259

A headman (gāmani). He came to the Buddha in the Pārileyyaka Mango Grove in Nāḷandā and asked him various questions, recorded in the Saṃyutta Nikāya. SN.iv.312ff. One of these related to the custo …

Asita¹KaṇhāsiriKāladevala

An ascetic who possessed various psychic powers. Once, while in Tāvatiṃsā heaven, he saw the whole city decked with splendour and the gods engaged in great rejoic …

…fifth of the Pañcavaggiyā monks. When the Buddha preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, he was the last in whom dawned the eye of Truth,…

The followers of Assaji and Punabbasu. They lived in Kīṭāgiri, between Sāvatthī and Ālavi, and were guilty of various evil practices. They used to grow flowers, make wreaths and garlands, and send the …

The country of Assaka is one of the sixteen Mahājanapadas mentioned in the Aṅguttara Nikāya.AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN.iv.256 AN.iv.260 It does not, however; occur in the list of twelve countries given in …

A young brahmin, sixteen years old, of Sāvatthī, very learned in the Vedas and allied subjects. Five hundred brahmins staying in the city asked him to hold a discussion with the Buddha and refute his …

A tribe of Nāgas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

In Pali Literature the Asuras are classed among the inferior deities together with the supaṇṇas, gandhabbas, yakkhas, garuḍas and nāgas. Rebirth as an Asura is considered as one of the four …

Given in the Pācittiya rules’ as an example of a low name (hīnanāma). Vin.iv.6ff.

One of the four great monarchies in the time of the Buddha, the other three being Māgadha, Kosala and Vaṃsa (or Vatsa). Avanti is also mentioned among the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN. …

King of Madhurā. He once went in royal state to visit Mahā Kaccāna who was staying in the Gundā Grove in Madhurā.

Their discussion is recorded in the Madhura Sutta. MN.ii.83–90

It is said that after …

Hell. Descriptions of it are to be found in several places in the four Nikāyas MN.iii.183 AN.i.141–142 It is a quadrangular space, one hundred leagues each way, four-doored, walled all round and abov …

…usually called Ayojjha (Ayodhyā) is, rather, on the Sarayū, adjacent to or an alternative name for Sāketa. However, in the Pali texts gaṅgā…

AñjanavanaAñcanavana

A garden at Sāketa. In it was a deer park where the Buddha used to stay. On one such occasion Kakudha came to see him, SN.i.54 and also the wanderer Kuṇḍaliya, SN.v.73 who lived …

He dwelt in the Añjanavana in a small hut, and there he became Awakened. Thag.55

…known as the Pañcavaggiyā. When, after the Enlightenment, the Buddha visited them at Isipatana and preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta,…

…(yato aham bhagini ariyāya jātiyā jāto) have come to be regarded as a paritta to ward off all dangers and constitute the Aṅgulimāla…

A country north of the river Mahī, evidently a part of Aṅga on the other side of that river .

It was here, in the village Āpaṇa, that the Buddha was staying when the Jaṭila Keṇiya came to see him; he …

Aṅgīrasi¹

A term of affection (Radiant One) used by Pañcasikha in addressing Suriyavaccasā. DN.ii.265

Aṅgīrasa²

One of the ten ancient seers who conducted great sacrifices and …

…devasama, mariyāda, sambhinnamariyāda, and brāhmaṇacaṇḍāla. AN.iii.224ff. These sages did not claim to have…

Bahuputta CetiyaBahuputtacetiyaBahuputtakacetiyaBahuputtaBahuputtaka

A shrine in the neighbourhood of Vesāli, to the north of that city. DN.iii.9 The Buddha is said to have stayed there DN.ii.118; Ud …

A market town near Kosambī. The Buddha went there and was warned by cowherds and others not to approach Ambatiṭṭha as a fierce Nāga dwelt there. Sāgata Thera, hearing this, went to Ambatiṭṭha and subd …

A group of thirty young men, converted by the Buddha.

They had gone picnicking with their wives in a forest glade between Bārāṇasi and Uruvelā. One of them had no wife, and for him they found a court …

…stayed sometimes at the Jātiyāvana where Meṇḍaka, who lived there, came to see him. Vin.ii.242 AN.iii.36

It was there that the precept was…

Bhaddā¹

Wife of King Muṇḍa. At her death the king placed her body in a vessel of oil and mourned for her until his friend Piyaka took him to Nārada Thera at the Kukkuṭārāma, and there made …

A potter in Rājagaha in whose dwelling the Buddha met and conversed with Pukkusāti. MN.iii.237

Bhaggava seems to have been a generic name for all potters, perhaps a special form of address used towar …

A clothed Wanderer who lived in a pleasance near Anupiya.

He was a friend of Sunakkhatta. The Buddha once visited him, and their conversation is recorded in the Pātika Sutta. DN.iii.1ff.

Bhagu¹

A famous sage of old. Vin.i.245 DN.i.104 DN.i.238 DN.i.243 MN.ii.169 MN.ii.200 AN.iii.224 AN.iv.61

Bhagu²

He was born in a Sākiyan family, and having left the world wit …

BhallikaBhalliyaBhalluka

Together with Tapussa they were the first lay disciples of the Buddha. They offered a meal shortly after the Buddha was Awakened, while still near Uruvelā. Vin.i.3f. AN.i.2 …

A recluse, once a co-disciple of the Buddha in the holy life. Once, when the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu and wanted lodging for the night, Mahānāma suggested that he should go to the hermitage of Bha …

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.69

The word occurs in the compound Ukkalā-Vassa-Bhaññā, SN.iii.73 MN.iii.78 AN.ii.31 a group described as ahetuvādā, akiriyavādā, natthikavāda, but who, nevertheless, agreed that the khandhas m …

A grove in the Bhagga country. It contained a Deer Park wherein the Buddhastayed, on Suṃsumāragiri. Nearby was the house in which lived Nakulapitā and Nakulamātā. AN.ii.61 AN.iii.295 SN.iii.1 SN.iv.11 …

BhiyyasaBhīya

One of the two chief disciples of Koṇāgamana Buddha. DN.ii.5

BhoganagaraBhogaBhogagāmanagara

A village in the Vajji country, where the Buddha stayed on his last journey, in the Ānanda cetiya, and where he preached a sermon on the four “Great References”. DN.ii …

Evidently the name for a resident of the Bhoja country, modern Vidarbha.

In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.6f. the devaputta Rohitassa says that he was a Bhojaputta in his previous birth.

One of the Chabbaggiyā. His followers were called Bhummajakā.

Bhāradvāja¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the heroic roar of the conquerors. Thag.177–178

Bhāradvāja²

He was the eldest of a clan of Bhāradvājas living in Rājagaha a …

Uncle of Prince Jayasena. He was a friend of Sambhūta, and, when the latter left the household, he was accompanied by his friends Bhūmija, Jeyyasena and Abhirādhana, all of whom joined the Order. MN.i …

…cetiya in Latthivanuyyāna, whither Bimbisāra, accompanied by twelve nahutas of householders, went to pay to him his respects. The Buddha…

BojjhāBocchā

An eminent laywoman. The Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.iv.259 AN.iv.347 records a visit paid by her to the Buddha at Jetavana. The Buddha then preached to her on the uposatha and the advantages …

Brahmadatta¹

King of Kāsi. He captured Kosala and murdered its king Dīghiti and Dīghiti’s wife, but made peace later with Dīghiti’s son, Dīghāvu, restored to him his father’s kingdom, and …

BuddhaBhagavāTathāgataSiddhatthaGotamaSugataSatthā

The Awakened one, the founder and teacher of the Buddha-dhamma. His personal name was Siddhattha Gotama, and he was a Khattiya of the Sakiyan clan. …

Bāhiya¹Dārucīriya

As an ascetic, he came himself to believe that he had attained arahantship, but a devatā, reading his thoughts and wishing him well, pointed out to him his error and ad …

Bālakaloṇakāra BākalonakārāgamaBālakalonakārāma

A locality near Kosambī.

When the monks of Kosambī started quarrelling, the Buddha left them and went to Bālakalonakārāma, where he visited Bhagu and …

…sermon to the Pañcavaggiyā D.ii.141. This was the spot at which all Buddhas set in motion the Wheel of the Law (Dhamma-cakka). It is the…

…cetiya, passing through Setavyā, Kapilavatthu, Kusinārā, Pāvā, Bhoganagara and Vesāli. When they arrived before the Buddha, they greeted him…

A World ruler. The world itself means “Turner of the Wheel,” the Wheel (Cakka) being the well known Indian symbol of empire. More than one thousand sons are his; his dominions extend throughout the …

A city in India on the river of the same name; it was the capital of Aṅga and was celebrated for its beautiful lake, the Gaggarā-pokkharaṇī. On its banks was a grove of campaka-trees, well known for …

Candana¹

A deva, vassal of the Four Regent Gods. DN.ii.258 He is mentioned as one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in case of need. DN.iii.204 He once visited …

…SN.i.81f.

The story is very similar to that of the brahmin Piṅgiyāni and the verse spoken is the same. AN.iii.239

CañcalikappaCaṇḍalakappa

A locality in Kosala; it was the residence of Dhānañjāni and of Saṅgārava. The Buddha once paid a visit there and stayed in the Todeyya-ambavana. Saṅgārava went to see him, …

A great brahmin, contemporary of the Buddha, reputed for his great learning and highly esteemed in brahmin gatherings—e.g., at Icchānaṅgala Snp.p.115 and at Manasākaṭa. DN.i.235

He is mentioned toget …

King of Avanti in the time of the Buddha. His name was Pajjota, the sobriquet being added on account of his violent temper.

Once, when ill with jaundice, he asked Bimbisāra to lend him the services o …

CetiyaCetiCetīCedi

One of the sixteen Great Nations, AN.i.213 probably identical with Cedi of the older documents. The people of Ceti settled near the Yamunā, to the east, in the neighbourhood of and …

A group of six monks, contemporary with the Buddha, frequently mentioned as being guilty of various Vinaya offences. Vin.i.84f. Vin.i.104 Vin.i.106 Vin.i.111 Vin.i.113 Vin.i.114 Vin.i.138 Vin.i.160 …

A royal clan of Nāgas. Vin.ii.110 AN.ii.72

One of the seven great lakes of the Himālaya region. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

Channa¹

A Wanderer, classed among those who wore clothes. He is only mentioned once, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, AN.iii.215 where we are told that he visited Ānanda at Sāvatthī and asked him …

A Gandhabba present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258 He is elsewhere DN.iii.204 mentioned as a Yakkha chieftain who should be invoked by the Buddha’s followers when troubled by evil spirits.

Cunda¹

A worker in metals living in Pāvā. When the Buddha reached Pāvā on his way to Kusinārā, he stayed in Cunda’s Mango grove. There Cunda visited him and invited him and the monks to a …

He was ordained by Khadiravaniya. Thag.42

He is mentioned as living at the Kūṭāgārasālā, which place he left when the Licchavis caused disturbance by their visits to the Buddha. AN.v.133 In this cont …

A village near the Cālikapabbata visited by the Buddha. His attendant on one of these visits was Meghiya. Close to Cālikā was the village of Jantu where Meghiya went for alms. In the neighbourhood was …

Cāpāla CetiyaCāpālacetiya

A shrine near Vesāli. Here the Buddha, three months before his parinibbāna, definitely decided to accede to the request of Māra that he should die. When he announced this …

A Sākiyan village containing a mote-hall; near it was the Amalakīvana where the Buddha once stayed and preached the Cātuma Sutta. MN.i.456f.

27.576667, 83.0547222town

The inhabitants of Cātuma. MN.i.457

The inhabitants of the lowest deva world. his world derives its name from the Four Great Kings (Cattāro Mahārājāno) who dwell there as guardians of the four quarters: Dhataraṭṭha of the East, Virūḷh …

Occurs in the phrase Komudi Cātumāsini, probably referring to the Cātumāsya festival which is performed in the month of Kattika, Komudi being the full-moon day of Kattika. Vin.i.55 DN.i.47

CūladevaCūḷadeva

A Thera, an eminent teacher of the Vinaya. Vin.v.3

…one of their partisans, Mettiyā, to accuse Dabba of having seduced her. The charge was investigated, Mettiyā was expelled, and Dabba’s fame…

A Yakkha chieftain who should be invoked by disciples of the Buddha in times of need. DN.iii.205

In the old Pāḷi literature the name Dakkhiṇāpatha would seem to indicate only a remote settlement or colony on the banks of the upper Godāvarī. Thus, we are told that Bāvarī had his hermitage in Dakkh …

A group of Khattiyas, owners of the Ānaka-drum. SN.ii.266f.

A Sākiyan of Kapilavatthu. It is recorded MN.i.108 that Daṇḍapāṇi once met the Buddha in Kapilavatthu and questioned him on his teachings. The Buddha explained them to him, but he was not satisfied, a …

A township (nigama) of the Sākiyans. The Buddha stayed there during his tours and preached to the monks on various topics S.iii.5f; S.iv.124f; M.ii.214.

27.523572,83.5113725town

…join him, he went out to Gayāsīsa. Three suttas, the two Devadatta, and the Mahāsāropama, were preached after this event.

The Buddha sent…

One of the Yakkha chiefs mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta. DN.iii.204

Dhaniya¹Dhanika

A herdsman living on the bank of the river Mahī. One day, while he was in this house, having finished his preparations for the approach of the rains, he sat meditating on h …

Dhataraṭṭha¹

One of the Cātummahārājikā, the ruler of the Eastern Quarter. His followers are the Gandhabbas. He has numerous sons called Indra.DN.ii.207 DN.ii.220 DN.ii.257f. DN.iii.197 …

A slave-woman of Okkāka. She was the mother of Kaṇha, ancestor of the Kaṇhāyanā-gotta. DN.i.93

…Ukkaṭṭha and Setavyā. He saw the Buddha’s footprints and, following them, he came upon the Buddha seated at the foot of a-tree….

A class of Asuras, present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.259

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that one who eats much and is lazy will keep being reborn. Thag.17

Perhaps it is this same Dāsaka who is mentioned in the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.iii.127ff. as having …

A Koliyan, inhabitant of Kakkarapatta. There he visited the Buddha and asked for a teaching which would bring happiness both in this world and the next. The Buddha explained to him the four conditions …

Nephew of Bandhula, commander-in-chief of Pasenadi. After Bandhula’s death, Dīgha was appointed in his place and accompanied the king. Once, during their travels, they came to Nangaraka and, hearing …

Name of Māra in the time of Kakusandha Buddha. He was, in that birth, son of Kāḷī, sister of Moggallāna. He first incited the brahmin householders to revile Kakusandha’s monks, chief of whom were Vidh …

EkadhammasavanīyaEkadhammasavaniyaEkadhammika

A monk whose verse is found in the Theragāthā. Thag.67

EkuddāniyaEkuddāna

A monk whose verse in the Theragāthā says that one of higher mind will not sorrow. Thag.68

The verse attributed above to Ekuddāniya, occurs in the Vinaya Vin.iv.54 as having been …

…with Virūpakkhas, Chabbyāputtas, and Kaṇhāgotamakas. For their own protection, monks are advised to fill their hearts with amity for these…

In the Dhammika Sutta. Snp.379 Erāvaṇa is mentioned among the devas who visited the Buddha to pay him homage. He is also mentioned among the Nāgas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

A rājā, probably of Māgadha. He was a devout follower of Uddaka-Rāmaputta. In his retinue were Yamaka, Moggalla, Ugga, Nāvindakī, Gandhabba, and Aggivessa, all of whom were also followers of the same …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of enduring the discomforts of the forest life. Thag.31

GajaṅgalaKajaṅgalaKajaṅgalā

A township which formed the eastern boundary of the Middle Country. Beyond it was Mahāsālā. Vin.i.197 Once when the Buddha was staying in the Veḷuvana at Kajangala, the la …

An attendant of King Eḷeyya and a follower of Uddaka Rāmaputta. AN.ii.180

A class of semi-divine beings who inhabit the Cātummahārājika realm and are the lowest among the devas. DN.ii.212 They are generally classed together with the Asuras and the Nāgas AN.iv.200 AN.iv.204 …

…Buddha stayed at Gayā on several occasions: once at Gayāsīsa, Vin.i.34 SN.iv.19 AN.iv.302 and also near the Tankitamañca, Snp.p.47…

…conclusion of the Ādittapariyāya Sutta they all became arahants. Vin.i.33f. Gayā-Kassapa is reported Thag.345f. to have said that he used to…

…he taught the Adittapariyāya Sutta . Vin.i.34f. SN.iv.19f. AA.i.57 PvA.21 Ud.i.9 DhA.i.72

When Devadatta managed to win over five hundred…

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his austere life by the Ganges river. Thag.127–128

The second of the nine portions (aṅgas) into which the Buddhist scriptures were arranged before the development of the Tipiṭaka. It includes all the suttas composed in verse, especially the whole Sa …

A Sākiyan of Kapilavatthu, who built a monastery attached to the Nigrodhārāma. There the Mahā Suññatā Sutta was preached. MN.iii.110

In the time of Kassapa Buddha he was a potter of Vehaliṅga, looking after his blind parents. He was a very pious and devoted follower of the Buddha, ministering to him better than anyone else, and the …

A brahmin, probably of Pāṭaliputta. On coming to visit Benares, he saw Udena there in Khemiyambavana and had a conversation with him, recorded in the Ghoṭamukha Sutta. At the conclusion of the talk he …

GijjhakūṭaVulture’s Peak

One of the five hills encircling Rājagaha. It was evidently a favourite resort of those who followed the religious life.

The Buddha seems to have been attracted by its solit …

A festival held from time to time in Rājagaha. According to the Vinaya accounts Vin.ii.107f. Vin.ii.150 Vin.iv.85 Vin.iv.267 there were dancing, singing and music.

A brick hall at Nādikā. The Buddha stayed there on various occasions during his visits to Nādikā. It was during one of these visits that Ambapāli presented her park to the Buddha and the Order. Vin.i. …

A Sākiyan. A conversation between him and Mahānāma the Sākiyan is recorded in the Godha Sutta. SN.v.371

GodhāvarīGodhāvari

A river in Dakkhiṇāpatha, of which it forms the southern boundary, rising in Brahmagiri near the village of Triyanvaka.

18.91278, 77.64451river

One of the Yakkha chieftains, to be invoked by the Buddha’s followers in time of need. DN.iii.205

Gosiṅgasālavanadāya¹

A forest tract near Nādikā. Once, when Anuruddha, Nandiya and Kimbila were living there, they were visited by the Buddha, who came from Giñjakāvasatha. The result of t …

…Suddhodana and of Mahā Māyā, Suddhodana’s chief consort, and he belonged to the Gotama-gotta. At age 29 he departed from his home to seek…

GotamakacetiyaGotamaka Cetiya

A shrine near and to the south of Vesāli. DN.iii.9 It was considered one of the beautiful spots of that town DN.ii.102 DN.ii.118 and the Buddha stayed there several time …

Evidently the title given to the High Treasurer. DN.ii.232

GundāvanaKundāvanaGuṇḍāvanaKuṇḍāvana

A forest in Madhurā. Mahā Kaccāna stayed there and was visited by Avantiputta, king of Madhurā, to whom he preached the Madhurā Sutta, MN.ii.83f. and by the bra …

A Yakkha chief who should be invoked when unbelieving Yakkhas molest any follower of the Buddha. DN.iii.204

One of the hells. It is next to the Mahā Niraya, and is the habitation of needle-mouthed creatures who rip away the skin, flesh, tendons, etc., of the victim and then devour his marrow. MN.iii.185

5hell

A township of the Koliyans. The Buddha, when staying there, preached the Kukkuravatika Sutta to Puṇṇa-koliyaputta and Seniya Kukkuravatika. MN.i.387 Another Buddha is also mentioned as having preache …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

Hatthaka¹

A monk. He was a Sākyan and loved holding discussions with the heretics. When he suffered defeat at their hands, he would resort to falsehood and evasion, or would ask his oppone …

A Yakkha chief, to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in time of need. DN.iii.204

He was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.256

He was the friend of Sātāgira.

HimavāHimācalaHimavantaHimālaya

The Himālaya mountains. In Himavā, are seven great lakes, each fifty leagues in length, breadth and depth—Anotattā, Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī …

A Yakkha chieftain to be invoked in time of need by followers of the Buddha. DN.iii.205

HāliddakāniHāliddakāni

An eminent lay disciple of Avanti. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was staying in the Kuraragharapapāta, Hāliddakāni visited him and consulted him at length on the subjects treated in M …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

Hārita¹

A Mahā Brahmā who was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta, at the head of one hundred thousand other Brahmās. DN.ii.261

Hārita²

A monk whose Theragāthā ve …

IccānaṅgalaIcchānaṅkala

A brahmin village in the Kosala country. It was while staying in the woodland thicket there that the Buddha preached the Ambaṭṭha Sutta. DN.i.87 From this sutta, the village w …

…Brahmā, Mahiddi and Yāma, as a god whom brahmins invoke and pray to, for union with Brahma after death. In another place, he is described…

A peak near Rājagaha, the abode of the yakkha Indaka. The Buddha once lived there. SN.i.206

25.0209, 85.462643hill

A town in the Kuru country. In the Kurudhamma Jataka J.ii.365f; also J.iii.400; J.iv.361; J.v.457; J.vi.255; Cyp.i.3, Cyp.v.1, Dhananjaya Koravya, is mentioned as its king and as the owner of Anjanava …

A cave on the Vediya mountain, to the north of Ambasaṇḍā, which was a brahmin village, east of Rājagaha. Once, when the Buddha was staying there, Sakka visited him and asked him the questions recorded …

Isidatta¹

A verse uttered by Isidatta, in response to the Buddha’s enquiry regarding his welfare, is recorded in the Therāgāthā. Thag.120

According to the Saṃyutta Nikāya, SN.iv.283–288 I …

…his friends, the Pañcavaggiyā monks, left him and went to Isipatana. After his Enlightenment the Buddha, leaving Uruvelā, joined them in…

Greater India. One of the four Mahādīpas, or great continents. They are grouped round Mount Sineru. In Jambudīpa is Himavā with its eighty-four thousand peaks, its lakes, mountain ranges, etc. This c …

JambugāmikaJambugāmiya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse asks whether he is intent on adornments or virtue. Thag.28

A wanderer. The Saṃyutta Nikāya records visits paid by him to Sāriputta at Nālakagāma and discussions between them on various topics, such as nibbāna, arahantship, the āsavas, sakkāya, ignorance, th …

An epithet meaning the most beautiful woman in the land. It was used for the former wife of Nanda, the memory of whose beauty tormented him while he was a monk. Ud.iii.2

A Gandhabba, a vassal of the Four Regent Gods. He was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.258

In the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta DN.iii.204 he is mentioned as a Yakkha chieftain to be invoked by th …

A devaputta. He saw a number of monks in a forest-lodge on the slopes of the Himālaya, muddled in mind, loose of speech and heedless. He appeared before them on an uposatha day and reminded them of …

A village near Cālikā; close by was the river Kimikālā with the mango-grove on its banks. Meghiya, while staying with the Buddha at Cālikā, once went to Jantugāma for alms. AN.iv.354 Ud.iv.1

25.7338 …

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

A prince who once visited the novice Aciravata at Veḷuvana in Rājagaha and asked him to teach the Doctrine. Reluctantly the novice did so, but at the end of the exposition Jayasena declared that he wa …

Jenta¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how the contemplation of impermanence helps to cope with the sufferings of life. Thag.111

Jenta²Purohitaputta

A monk whose Thera …

A bhikkhunī mentioned in the Therīgāthā verses of Isidāsi, who describes Jinadattā as a learned and virtuous expert in the Vinaya. Thig.427

A class of gods, present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.261

Jotipāla¹

The Bodhisatta born as a brahmin of Vehaliṅga in the time of Kassapa Buddha. Ghaṭīkāra was his friend and invited Jotipāla to accompany him to the Buddha, but Jotipāla refused to …

A wanderer who, with his friend Mandissa, visited the Buddha at the Ghositārāma. DN.i.159 The Buddha preached to them the Jāliya Sutta. According to the Pātika Sutta, when Jāliya heard that Pātika cou …

…woman committed a misdemeanour while he was sleeping in Jātiyāvana.

25.89752, 86.793363park

A great brahmin, ranking with eminent brahmins such as Caṅkī, Tārukkha, Pokkharasāti and Todeyya. Snp.p.115 He is mentioned as staying in Icchānaṅgala, MN.ii.196 where he evidently took part in the pe …

JīvakaJīvakakomārabhacca

A celebrated physician, and the Buddha’s doctor. The Vinaya contains many stories of his skill in healing. Vin.i.268–281 Once when the Buddha was ill, Jīvaka found it necessa …

Kaccāna¹

See Mahā-Kaccāna, Pakudha-Kaccāna, Pubba-Kaccāna, Sambula-Kaccāna, Sabhiya-Kaccāna, etc. See also Kaccāyana.

Kaccāna or Kaccāyana is the name of a family, the Kaccānagotta. …

A river where Mahākaccāyana sometimes stayed.

Avanti3river

KajangalaKajangalā

A township which formed the eastern boundary of the Middle Country. Beyond it was Mahāsālā. Vin.i.197 Once when the Buddha was staying in the Veḷuvana at Kajangala, the lay followe …

A township of the Koliyans. It was while the Buddha was staying there that the Koliyan Dīghajāṇu came to see him. AN.iv.281

27.51557,83.773493town

…was an inhabitant of Koḷiyā and was an attendant of Moggallāna. Having died, he was reborn among the mind-born devas with a body so large…

A Buddha of a past era. His chief disciples were Vidhura and Sañjīva among monks, and Sama and Campā among nuns. His personal attendant was Buddhija. Accuta and Samaṇa, Nandā and Sunandā were his most …

A tribe of Nāgas. They were present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.258

KambojaKambojjaKambujaKambujjaKambojaka

One of the sixteen Great Nations which, with Gandhāra, belonged, not to the Majjhimadesa but, evidently, to the Uttarāpatha. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN.iv.256 AN.iv …

KammāsadhammaKammāsadammaKammasadammaKammasadhamma

A township of the Kurūs. The Buddha, during the course of his wanderings, stayed there several times; the exact place of his residence is, however, …

KandarāyanaKundarāyana

A brahmin. He visited Mahā Kaccāna at the Gundavana near Madhurā and accused him of not paying due respect to elderly brahmins, but when Mahā Kaccāna preached to him he express …

…Sankassa, Kannakujja, Payāgatittha, here crossing the river to Benares Vin.iii.11.

It may have been the very road followed by Revata when…

A city near the Himalaya, capital of the Sākiyan republic. The administration and judicial business of the city and all other matters of importance were discussed and decided in the Santhāgārasālā. DN …

A grotto, probably near Rājagaha. On one occasion Sāriputta, having recently shaved his head, was seated there wrapt in samādhi, and a yakkha, passing overhead with his friend to an assembly of *yak …

Kappa¹

One of Bāvarī’s disciples. The questions he asked of the Buddha are recorded in the Kappamāṇavapucchā. Snp.1007 Snp.1092–1095

Kappa²

A monk whose Theragāthā verses spea …

He was upajjhāya to Upāli, and once lived in a cemetery near Vesāli. In the cemetery the group of six nuns buried the ashes of one of their leaders and erected a shrine near Kappitaka’s cell. The El …

Kappāsika VanasaṇḍaKappāsiya Vanasaṇḍa

A grove near Uruvelā. There the a group of men came across the Buddha while seeking for a woman who had run away with certain of their belongings. The Buddha pr …

A Yakkha, mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta as being one of the chief Yakkhas who should be invoked by followers of the Buddha when they need protection. DN.iii.204

A class of spirits, present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.260

…Kassapa, Kumāra°, Gayā°, Dasabala°, Nadī°, Nārada°, Pūraṇa°, Mahā° and Lomasa°.

Kassapa was evidently a well-known gotta…

KatissabhaKaṭissaha

A lay disciple of the Buddha at Nādikā, one of those, who, after their death, were declared by the Buddha, in answer to a question by Ānanda, to have destroyed the five orambhāgiy …

Kaṇha¹

Son of Disā, a slave girl of Okkāka. He was called Kaṇha because he was black and, like a devil, spoke as soon as he was born. He was the ancestor of the Kaṇhāyanagotta. DN.i.93 Lat …

KaṇhāgotamikāKaṇhāgotamaka

A royal family of Nāgas. AN.ii.72

The name of the family to which belonged Ambaṭṭha. DN.i.93 The family was descended from a sage named Kaṇha.

…Kaṇṇakujja, Payāgatiṭṭha, here crossing the river to Benares. Vin.iii.11 It may have been the very road followed by Revata when…

KaṇṇamuṇḍāKannamuṇḍaka

One of the seven great lakes of the Himalaya. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

…as Ariṭṭha, and for that reason he was expelled from the Saṅgha. The Chabbaggiyā monks, however, received him into their ranks and gave him…

KaṭṭhakāKathakā

A class of devas present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.261

KesamuttaKesaputta

A township of the Kosalans and the residence of the Kālāmas. The Buddha once stayed there, on which occasion he preached the Kesaputtiya Sutta. AN.i.188

Kosala3town

Keṇiya

A brahmanical matted hair ascetic. He lived in Āpaṇa, and when the Buddha once stayed there with one thousand three hundred and fifty monks, Keṇiya visited the Buddha, bringing various kinds o …

…He was passing through Gayā with Sūciloma when the latter questioned the Buddha on his doctrine, as recorded in the Sūciloma Sutta….

KhattiyānīVelāmikā

Chief of the eighty-four thousand women who waited on the Bodhisatta when he was once a mighty king Mahāsudassana of…

…Vin.iii.171 Khaṇḍadeviyāputta defended Devadatta when others blamed him Vin.iii.174 and was held in great esteem by Thullanandā. Vin.iii.66…

Khema¹

A Khattiya in the time of Kakusandha Buddha. He gave alms to the Buddha and the monks and entertained the Order. DN.ii.7

Khema²

A devaputta who visited the Buddha at …

A mango grove near Benares. Udena once stayed there and preached the Ghoṭamukha Sutta. MN.ii.157

25.26829, 82.941283park

A class of gods, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.261

KhiḍḍāpadosikāKhiḍḍāpadūsikā

A class of devas who live in the Cātummahārājika world. For ages they spend their time in laughter and in sport of sensual lusts. In consequence their self-possession is …

A township in the Sākyan country. The Buddha once stayed there and preached to an assembly of brahmin householders. It is said that the brahmins were at first hostile to the Buddha, but that he won th …

KimbilaKimilaKimmila

A Sākiyan of Kapilavatthu. He was converted with Bhaddiya and four other Sākyan nobles at Anupiya. Vin.ii.182 Kimbila seems to have maintained throughout his early friendship wit …

One of the great Yakkhas, mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta, to be invoked when disciples of the Buddha are worried by evil spirits. DN.iii.204 He is one of the vassals of the Four Regent Gods. DN.ii.258

Kisāgotamī

A nun who was declared chief among women disciples with respect to the wearing of coarse robes. AN.i.25 Gotamī was her name—she was called Kisā because of her thinness.

In her Therīgāthā …

KokālikaKokāliya

A monk, one of the chief partisans of Devadatta. Knowing the Buddha’s might, he was, at first, reluctant to join in Devadatta’s plot against him, but later allowed himself to be pers …

An epithet of Kakudha, Moggallāna’s attendant. Vinii.185

KorabyaKoravyaKorabba

Perhaps the generic name given to the king of the Kurūs. The Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.iii.369f. mentions a king Koravya who owned a large banyan tree named Suppatiṭṭha. According t …

KorakkhattaKorakkhattiya

A naked ascetic in Uttarakā. He bellowed like a dog, walked on all fours, and licked up food with his mouth only. Sunakkhatta saw him and greatly admired him, but the Buddha …

One of the greater Yakkhas who should be invoked by a follower of the Buddha when assailed by evil spirits. DN.iii.204

Kosala¹

A country inhabited by the Kosalans, to the north-west of Māgadha and next to Kāsī. It is mentioned second in the list of sixteen Great Nations.AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 In the Buddha’s …

…Sāketa, Sāvatthī, Setavyā, Kapilavatthu, Kusinārā, Pāvā, Bhoganagara and Vesāli.

Near Kosambī, by the river, was Udena’s park, the…

Kosiya¹Kosiyagotta

The name of a brahmin clan. In the pācittiya it is given as one of the lower gottas, Vin.iv.8 but it is also Sakka’s gotta, and is therefore generally regarded as a …

…of the Buddha. The Koḷiyā owned two chief settlements—one at Rāmagāma and the other at Devadaha.

Attached probably to the Koliyan…

KoṇāgamanaKonāgamanaKanakamuniKanakāgamanaKaṇakāgamana

The second Buddha to be born in the Bhaddakappa. He was a brahman of the Kassapa clan who lived for 30,000 years. His enlightenment tree was an …

The name of a clan (gotta). It was evidently common to both brahmans and khattiyas, for we find the brahman Aññāta-Koṇḍañña belonging to it, as well as the three Buddhas Vipassī, Sikhī and Vessab …

A village in the vicinity of Bhaddiyanagara. During his last tour the Buddha crossed the river at Pāṭaligāma, went on to Koṭigāma, and remained in that village preaching to the monks. Hearing that the …

A park in Pāṭaliputta. It was evidently the residence of monks from very early times, probably, for some time, of the Buddha himself. The Mahāvagga Vin.i.300 mentions the names of several theras who l …

A class of spirits mentioned with Yakkhas, Asuras and Nāgas. They live in the South and Virūḷha is their king. DN.ii.257 DN.iii.198

A Yakkha who lived in the Vepulla mountain outside Rājagaha. He was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta with a train of over one hundred thousand. DN.ii.257

…of his teaching is in the Pāyāsi Sutta, where he debated with a sceptic. DN.ii.316 This is the only sizable Buddhist scripture that also exists in…

A country, one of the sixteen Great Nations.DN.ii.200 AN.i.213 During the Buddha’s time the chieftain of Kuru was called Koravya, and his discussion with the Elder Raṭṭhapāla, who was himself the scio …

…being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Isipatana. DN.ii.140 Mention is made of other visits paid to Kusinārā by the Buddha, prior to that when his…

KuveraKubera

King of Uttarakuru. His royal residence is Āḷakamandā and his citadel Visāṇā. His messengers are Tatolā, Tattolā, Tatotalā, Ojasi, Tejasi, Tatojasī, Sūra, Rāja, Ariṭṭha and Nemi. His lot …

KuṇḍadhānaKoṇḍadhānaKoṇṭhadhānaKuḍḍadhāna

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of cutting off or developing five things. Thag.15 He was proclaimed the first among those who received food tickets. AN. …

…was while the Buddha was dwelling in this monastery that Suppavāsā gave birth to Sīvali, after…

A Paribbājaka who visits the Buddha at the Añjanavana in Sāketa. He asks the Buddha what profit comes from the Buddha’s way of living.

The conversation leads to a discussion of the bojjhangas, the sa …

A vassal of the Cātummahārājikas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

A class of Asuras. They were present at the Mahāsamaya, and are spoken of as being of a fearsome shape. DN.ii.259 They are the very lowest of the Asura groups, and the Buddha warns Sunakkhatta that Ko …

A Sākyan. His name was Khemaka, but as he was dark he was called Kālakhemaka. He built a monastery in Nigrodhārāma, near Kapilavatthu, and once, during robe-making time, many monks lived there. On th …

Kāliṅga¹

An inhabitant of Ñātika. While staying in Ñātika, at the Giñjakāvasatha, the Buddha tells Ānanda that Kālinga was reborn after death in the Suddhavāsā, and that there he would att …

A devaputta who visited the Buddha and told him that the path of the Ariyan disciples was hard to follow and their goal hard to win. The Buddha pointed out to him that the difficult thing had been a …

One of the greater yakkhas who should be invoked if any follower of the Buddha be molested by an evil spirit. DN.iii.204

In the Mahāsamaya Sutta DN.ii.258 he is mentioned among the vassals of the F …

KāmaṇḍāKāmandā

A village in which was the mango grove of Todeyya. Udāyī once stayed there and was visited by a resident pupil of the brahmin lady of the Verahaccāni clan. SN.iv.121f.

Kosala3town

KāsiKāsikaKāsigāmaKāsinigama

One of the sixteen Great Nations, AN.i.213 its capital being Bārāṇasī.

At the time of the Buddha, it had been absorbed into the kingdom of Kosala, and Pasenadi was king …

A monk to whom several Theragāthā verses on the need for energetic striving were addressed. Thag.411–416

Kātiyānī

A lay devotee, declared by the Buddha to be most eminent among women for unwavering loyalty. AN.i.26

A monk whose verses in the Theragāthā tell depict him encouraging the Buddha to return to his kinsmen. When the rains fell, covering the earth with the glory of leaves and flowers, Kāḷudāyī felt that …

A very learned brahmin of Khāṇumata, which village had been given to him by King Bimbisāra as a brahmadeyya. The Buddha arrived at Khāṇumata when Kūṭadanta was making preparations for a great sacrific …

…and the brahmin Piṅgiyāni. AN.iii.237f.

The Licchavis waited on the Buddha and ministered to him during his stay in the…

LakuṇṭakaBhaddiya

He was given the title of Lakuntaka (Dwarf) owing to his very small stature.

The Udāna Ud.vii.1 Ud.vii.2 makes reference to the admonitions of Sāriputta and to the Buddha’s joy whe …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.261

…grove to the southwest of Rājagaha. In it was the Supatiṭṭha cetiya, where the Buddha stayed during his…

…a garment each to Piṅgiyāni, because he recited a verse in praise of the Buddha. AN.iii.239 Even careless boys, referred to above as…

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

Name of a branch of brahmin learning. DN.i.11 The name either refers to cosmology, or to worldly philosophy.

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that, thrusting aside grasses with his chest, he will seek seclusion. Thag.27

According to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lom …

The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions an interview between an Elder of this name and the Sākyan Mahānāma. Mahānāma asks the Elder if the learner’s way of life is identical with that of the Tathāgata. Vaṅgīsa a …

LumbineyyaLumbinī

A park situated between Kapilavatthu and Devadaha. It was there that the Buddha was born. In the Sutta Nipāta Snp.683 it is stated that the Buddha was born in a village of the Sākya …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.261

A township in Kāsī, the residence, among others, of Citta-Gahapati. SN.iv.281

It contained the Ambāṭakavana, which Citta presented as a monastery for the monks, at the head of whom was Mahānāma.

S …

MadhurāMathurā

The capital of Surasena, situated on the Yamunā. Its king, soon after the death of Bimbisāra, was Avantiputta, MN.ii.83 who, judging by his name, was probably related to the royal fami …

A place on the Saṅkheyya Mountain where Uttara is said to have stayed, in Dhavajālika vihāra. AN.iv.162

on the Saṅkheyya Mountain in Dhavajālika vihāra.3monastery

The books mention the sixteen Mahājanapadas or Great Nations, which existed in the time of the Buddha. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN.iv.256 AN.iv.260 They are Kāsī, Kosala, Aṅga, Māgadha, Vajji, Mallā, Cetiya …

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered foremost among those who taught the monks. AN.i.25 The Vinaya Vin.i.105 records that when Kappina was in the Deer Park at Maddakucchi he won …

MahākassapaKassapaPippali

One of the Buddha’s most eminent disciples, chief among those who upheld austere practices. AN.i.23 His personal name was Pippali, but he is usually known by his clan name K …

MahākoṭṭhitaMahākotthitaKoṭṭhitaKotthita

One of the foremost disciples of the Buddha, ranked foremost among masters of analytical knowledge. AN.i.24 His Theragāthā verse speaks of contentment and sha …

…hear him—e.g., Candana, Suyāma, Santusita, Sunimitta and Vasavatti SN.iv.269–280 He was also consulted by those, such as Vacchagotta,…

…months each. The Chabbaggiyā, always intent on mischief, tried in vain to discourage him. Vin.iv.101 At the end of the year, Mahānāma wished…

…lives. She acknowledges Māyā, through whom the Buddha was born, and says that the correct way to worship the Buddha is but diligent practice….

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.26

The books contain a list of seven great lakes, situated in the Himālaya. They form the sources of the five great rivers and dry up only when four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotat …

Mahāvana¹

A wood near Vesāli, in which the Kūṭāgārasālā was located.

Vesāli3parkMahāvana²

A wood near Kapilavatthu. In this wood was preached the Mahāsamaya Sutta and the Madh …

Chief queen of Pasenadi, king of Kosala.

Mallika’s knowledge of the Dhamma made her wiser than Pasenadi would have desired, and he once, in a moment of great affection, asked if anyone were dearer to …

Mallikāya ārāmaMallikārāma

A park in Sāvatthī belonging to Queen Mallikā. DN.i.178 MN.ii.22

27.50735, 82.074733park

The name of a people and their country.

The country is included in the sixteen Great Nations of the Buddha’s time. The kingdom, at that time, was divided into two parts, having their respective capit …

One of the seven great lakes of the Himālaya. AN.iv.101

Himalaya3lake

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

A yakkha chief, to be invoked by Buddhists in time of need. DN.iii.205

MaṇimālikaMaṇimālaka

A shrine where the Buddha stayed and where he was visited by the Yakkha Maṇibhadda. SN.i.208

4shrine

MedāḷupaMedatalumpa

A Sākyan village three leagues from Nagaraka. MN.ii.119 Pasenadi when staying there with Dīgha Kārāyana, heard that the Buddha was there and visited him. On this occasion was prea …

Meghiya

Having joined the Order, was for some time the personal attendant of the Buddha. Once, when the Buddha was staying with him at Cālikā, Meghiya went to Jantugāma for alms, and, on his return, …

An arahant, friend of Tissa of the Tissa Metteyya Sutta. His personal name, too, was Tissa, but he was better known by his clan name of Metteyya. In a verse in the Suttanipāta Snp.814 he is referred t …

One of the six leaders of the Chabbaggiyā.

…with a she goat and the idea occurred to them of calling the heifer Dabba and the she goat Mettiyā and then of spreading the story that they…

A nun who, at the instigation of the Mettiyabhummajakā, charged Dabba Mallaputta with having violated her chastity. She was expelled from the Order for this offence.

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

A very rich householder of Bhaddiyanagara in Aṅga. It is said Vin.i.240f. that when he went to his granaries after his ceremonial bath, as he stood at the door, showers of grain would fall from heav …

Migajāla

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak in praise of the eightfold path. Thag.417–422

The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.iv.35f. contains two discussions which he had with the Buddha; the second was a t …

The name given to the monastery erected by Visākhā Migāramātā in the Pubbārāma, to the east of Sāvatthī. It is said that, one day, when Visākhā had gone to the monastery to hear the Dhamma and afterwa …

MilakkhāMilakkhukā

The name given to the people of non-Ariyan origin, the Mlecchas. DN.iii.264 AN.i.35 Their language is called Milakkhabhāsā.

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A man in the retinue of King Eḷeyya. He was a follower of Uddaka Rāmaputta. AN.ii.187

He belonged to a brahmin family and studied under Bāvarī as an ascetic. He was one of the sixteen pupils sent by Bāvarī to the Buddha. Snp.1116–1119 The Buddha declared him foremost among wearers of r …

A khattiya clan of India. Among those claiming a share of the Buddha’s relics were the Moriyas of Pipphalivana. They came rather late and had to be satisfied with a share of the ashes. DN.ii.166

MoḷiyaPhagguna

He was always friendly with the nuns and stood up for them in discussions with the monks. This was reported to the Buddha, who sent for him and preached the Kakacūpama Sutta. MN.i.122* …

A Paribbājaka. He once visited the Buddha at Veḷuvana and questioned him regarding predestination. The Buddha explains to him that suffering arises from various causes—bile, phlegm, wind, bodily humou …

Mucalinda¹

A tree near the Ajapālanigrodha in Uruvelā. The Buddha spent there the third week after the Enlightenment. There was a great shower of rain, and the Nāga king, Mucalinda, of the …

A grove in Kajaṅgalā. It was there that the Buddha preached the Indriyabhāvanā Sutta. MN.iii.298

25.041438,87.836182park

Musila

A monk. A conversation is recorded in the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.ii.115f. between him and Savittha, which is said to have taken place in Ghositārāma in Kosambī, regarding the paṭiccasamuppāda.

A king of Māgadha, great grandson of Ajātasattu and son of Anuruddha. It is probably this same king who is referred to in the Aṅguttara Nikāya. AN.iii.57ff. His wife Bhaddā died, and Muṇḍa gave hims …

…on the south by the Vindhyā Mountains, on the west by the river Soṇa, and on the north by the Ganges. The latter river formed the boundary…

Māgaṇḍiya¹

The Sutta Nipāta contains a dialogue between Māgaṇḍiya and the Buddha. Snp.1011–1023 The Buddha starts with an emphatic rejection of an offer of a sexual nature, which sparks a …

…suttas—the Cūḷamālunkyā MN.i.426ff. and the Mahāmālunkyā MN.i.432ff. —both evidently preached before Mālunkyāputta’s…

A Yakkha chief to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in time of need. Aiii.205

…Kisāgotamī, Somā, Vijayā, Uppalavantnā, Cālā, Upacālā, Sisūpacālā, Selā, Vajirā and Khemā.

Mention is made, especially in the…

The name given to the chariot driver of Sakka. The Mātali of the present age had a son, Sikhandhi, with whom Bhaddā Suriyavaccasā, daughter of Timbarū, was in love; but later she transferred her affec …

MāyāMahāmāyā

The mother of the Buddha, and wife of Suddhodana of the Sakyan clan. DN.ii.52 Thag.534 Thig.162 She died seven days after giving…

MāṇavagāmiyaMāṇavagāmika

A devaputta. He visited the Buddha in the company of Asama, Sahali, Ninka, Ākoṭaka and Vetambarī, and while these all spoke in praise of their own teachers, Māṇavagāmiya sa …

Nagaraka Naṅgaraka

A Sākyan township near Medatalumpa. From there Pasenadi, accompanied by Dīgha-Kārāyana, paid his last visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Dhammacetiya Sutta. MN.ii.118

The Bu …

A brahmin village in Kosala where the Buddha once stayed during a tour and where he preached the Nagaravindeyya Sutta. M.iii.290

Kosala3town

Husband of Nakulamātā. They were householders of Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga-country. When the Buddha visited the village and stayed at Bhesakalāvana, they went to see him. They immediately fell at h …

Nanda¹Vaccha

Mentioned in a list of well known leaders of the Ajivakas, the others being Kisa Saṅkicca and Makkhali Gosāla. MN.i.524 They were declared by Purāṇa Kassapa, in his classifica …

Nandaka¹

Once, at the Buddha’s request, he preached a sermon to the nuns; on the first day they became sotāpannas, and, on the second, five hundred of them attained arahantship. MN.iii.270 …

Nandiya¹

He belonged to a Sākiyan family of Kapilavatthu, and was called Nandiya because his birth brought bliss. He left the world at the same time as Anuruddha, Kimbila and the others, a …

NavanavutiyoNavanavatiya

A city in Uttarakuru. DN.iii.201

5town

NerañjarāyaNerañjara

A river. After the Enlightenment, the Buddha lived under the Ajapāla Nigrodha at Uruvelā, on the banks of this river. There Māra tempted him, and, later, Brahmā persuaded him to …

A Yakkha chieftain. DN.iii.204

Nigaṇṭha NāṭaputtaNigaṇṭha NāthaputtaNāthaputtaNāṭaputta

Founder or reformer of the Jains. One of six eminent teachers, contemporary with the Buddha; he is described as a outsider. SN.i.66

He was le …

A yakkha chieftain, to be invoked by followers of the Buddha when in distress. DN.iii.204 He was present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.258

NigrodhakappaKappa

He was the preceptor (upajjhāya) of Vaṅgīsa, and together they lived in Aggālava cetiya, SN.i.185 where Kappa died. When Vaṅgīsa questioned the Buddha as to the destiny of Kappa, …

Nigrodhārāma¹

A grove near Kapilavatthu, where a residence was provided for the Buddha. Vin.i.82 There Mahāpajāpati Gotamī first asked permission for women to enter the Order. This was ref …

Hell. The Saṃyutta and Aṅguttara Nikāyas and the Sutta Nipāta contain a list of hells: Abbuda, Nirabbuda, Ababa, Aṭaṭa, Ahaha, Kumuda, Sogandhika, Uppala, Puṇḍarīka, Paduma. SN.i.149 AN.v.173 Snp.p.12 …

…Virūpakkha, Erāpatha, Chabyāputta and Kaṇhāgotamaka. The enmity between the Nāgas and the Garulas is proverbial. DN.ii.258 In the…

He was a Sākiyan and entered the Order when the Buddha visited his kinsmen at Kapilavatthu. For some time he was the Buddha’s personal attendant—e.g., when the Buddha breached the Mahāsīhanāda Sutta. …

NālāNālakagāmakāNālagā

A village in Māgadha, near the Bodhi tree at Gayā. Thig.294

near Gayā3town

NālāgiriNāḷāgiri

An elephant of the royal stalls at Rājagaha. Devadatta, after several vain attempts to kill the Buddha, obtained Ajātasattu’s consent to use Nālagiri as a means of encompassing the B …

A monk, mentioned once as staying at the Ghositārāma in Kosambī, with Musila, Savittha, and Ānanda. In the course of discussion he declares that, though aware of the nature of nibbana, he is not an ar …

The followers of Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta. DN.iii.117

One of King Eḷeyya’s guards. He was a follower of Rāmaputta. AN.ii.180

NāḷandāNālaNālakaNālikaUpatissagāma

Mentioned as a brahmin village in Māgadha, not far from Rājagaha. SN.iv.251 AN.v.120 AN.v.121 SN.v.161

Also mentioned as a town near Rājagaha. The Buddha is menti …

NāṭasuriyāNātapuriya

A city in Uttarakuru. DN.iii.200

5town

A class of eminent devas among those present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A king, ancestor of the Sākyas and the Kolians.

In the Ambaṭṭha Sutta DN.i.92 it is stated that Okkāka, being fond of his queen and wishing to transfer the kingdom to her son, banished from the kingd …

Opamañña¹

One of the names of Pokkharasāti. MN.ii.200

Opamañña²

A Gandhabba chieftain, who was among those present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258 He is me …

The boundaries of the Majjhimadesa are given, and the Paccantajanapadā lies beyond these boundaries. They are: in the east, Kajaṅgala and Mahāsālā; in the south east, the river Salalavatī; in the sout …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his energetic resolve after going forth. Thag.222–224

A hell in which stage players are born after death. Tālapuṭa maintained that after death they were born among the Pahāsadevi. The Buddha contradicts this and says that their rebirth is in a Niraya and …

PajjanikaSajjanela

A Koliyan village, the residence of Suppavāsā Koḷiyādhītā, mother of Sīvali. The Buddha is said to have stayed there. AN.ii.62

Koliya3town

A devarāja, the god of rain. Kokanadā and Culla Kokanadā were his daughters. SN.i.29f.

Pajjunna is mentioned among the Mahāyakkhas to be invoked in time of need, DN.iii.205 and he was present at th …

One of the kings of the devas, mentioned with Sakka, Varuṇa, Isāna, etc. MN.i.2 SN.i.219 DN.i.244 DN.ii.274

He is sometimes mentioned with Brahmā, as distinct from him. MN.i.140 MN.i.327 MN.i.329

In …

…KaccāyanaPakudha KātiyānaKakudha KaccāyanaKakudha Kātiyāna

Head of one of the six heretical sects of the Buddha’s time. In the…

one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by the Buddha’s followers in time of need. DN.iii.204 He is also mentioned in the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

A Brahmā who was present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.260

…can be won by brahmacariyā, by freedom from all evil in acts, words, aims, and mode of livelihood. MN.ii.24

All these four standards of…

ParājitāParajita Sarājita

A Niraya in which those who die in battle are born. SN.iv.311

5hell

PasenadiSeniya

King of Kosala and contemporary of the Buddha. Quite early in the Buddha’s ministry, Pasenadi became his follower and close friend, and his devotion to the Buddha lasted till his death …

PatāyantiPatāyantīBhagalavatī

A place in Uttarakuru where the Yakkhas assemble. The Dīgha Nikāya DN.iii.201 speaks of it as a hall (sabhā).

5building

PayāgaPayāgatiṭṭhaPayāgapatiṭṭhāna

A ford on the Ganges, on the direct route from Verañja to Benares, the road passing through Soreyya,…

The carpenter of Pasenadi, king of Kosala. He was a devoted follower of the Buddha and loved discussion.

The Bahuvedanīya Sutta MN.i.396ff. SN.iv.223f. is based on a discussion between him and Ma …

PañcanadīPañcamahānadī

In several places in the texts five rivers are mentioned as the five great rivers of India, and they are used in various similes and metaphors. These rivers are: Gaṅgā, Yamunā, …

The name given to the five monks—Koṇḍañña (Aññā Koṇḍañña), Bhaddiya, Vappa, Mahānāma, and Assaji—to whom the Buddha preached his first sermon at Isipatana.

All five joined in the austerities of Gotam …

PañcālaPañcālajanapadaPañcālaraṭṭhaPañcālā

One of the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252

Pañcāla was to the east of the Kuru country, the country to the north and west of Delhi, from the foot …

A devaputta who visited the Buddha at Jetavana and uttered a verse to the effect that the man who understands jhāna finds room even among crowding obstacles. The Buddha corrects him, saying that t …

PaṭiyālokaPatiyāloka

A place near Rājagaha. Vin.iv.79 Vin.iv.131

near Rājagaha3town

Paṭācārā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of her efforts to attain Awakening. Thig.112–116 She was declared by the Buddha to be the best among bhikkhunīs who knew the Vinaya. AN.i.25 She was …

A monk. In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.iv.52 he is represented as asking the Buddha if it were possible, by means of any of the senses, to recognize and proclaim the past Buddhas. The Buddha replies in the …

PilindavacchaPilindivacchaPilindiyavacchaPilindaPilindiPilindiya

A monk whose enigmatic Theragāthā verse speaks of what has come and not departed. Thag.9 Certain devas who had been born in the deva w …

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.69

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of going against what everyone else does. Thag.76

A little boy Yakkha. While his mother, with him on her hip, was seeking for food at night, she came unexpectedly to Jetavana where Anuruddha was reciting some verses. The sound pleased her and she sto …

Nephew and pupil of Bāvarī. At the time that he visited the Buddha with the other disciples he was 120 years old and very feeble. At the end of his discussion with the Buddha, as recorded in the Piṅgi …

…On another occasion, Piṅgiyāni is present when five hundred Licchavis come to pay honour to the Buddha at the Kūṭāgārasālā. The sight of…

Piṇḍola¹

A Pacceka Buddha, given in a nominal list. MN.iii.69

Piṇḍola²Bhāradvāja

An arahant who announced before the Buddha his readiness to answer the questions of any doubti …

PokkharasātiPokkharasādi

A brahmin of great wealth and learning who lived in Ukkaṭṭha, on a royal demesne given by Pasenadi. Ambaṭṭha was the pupil of Pokkharasāti, who sent him to the Buddha at Icch …

A monastery in Sāmagāma where the Buddha is said once to have stayed. AN.iii.309

Sāmagāma3monastery

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of caution when accepting food from women. Thag.34

One of Bāvari’s pupils. His question to the Buddha and the answer thereto are given in the Posālamāṇavaa pucchā of the Pārāyana Vagga. Snp.1006 Snp.1112–1115.

A householder of Āpaṇa. Meeting the Buddha in a wood outside the town, he greeted him, and was addressed by the Buddha as “householder,” at which he was very angry, for he had, so he said, handed over …

…of the Chabbaggiyā. His followers were called Panabbasukā, and, together with the followers of Assaji, they were called Assaji…

A Yakkhinī, mother of Punabbasu. One evening towards sunset, when the Buddha was at Jetavana, she, with her daughter Uttarā on her hip and the boy’s hand in hers, came to the grove in search of food. …

One of the four friends of Yasa who, on hearing of his ordination by the Buddha, visited him and were taken to the Buddha. The Buddha talked to them and they became arahants. They were among the first …

Puppha

An eminent teacher of the Vinaya. Vin.v.3

Purāṇa¹

A monk who lived in Dakkhiṇāgiri. It is said that when he visited Rājagaha after the holding of the First Council, he was asked to give his approval to the “findings” of the same. …

Puṇṇa¹

He was born in the family of a householder of Suppāraka in the Sunāparanta country. One day he asked the Buddha for a short lesson so that, having learnt it, he might go back to dwe …

Puṇṇaka¹

One of the sixteen disciples of Bāvarī, who visited the Buddha. Snp.1006 His conversation with the Buddha is given in the Puṇṇakamāṇavapucchā. Snp.1043–1048

Puṇṇaka²

…

A monk. He is mentioned as visiting the Buddha and asking him under what conditions a sermon presents itself to the mind of a Tathāgata. AN.iv.337f. AN.v.154f.

PācīnavaṃsaPācīnavaṃsadāya

A park in the Cetiya kingdom. AN.iv.228f. The Buddha visited it during his tours, and once, while staying there with Meghiya, the latter stopped in a mango grove in the v …

PālileyyaPārileyyaPārileyyaka

A town near Kosambī. When the Buddha found that he could not persuade the Kosambī monks to refrain from quarrelling, he left Kosambī alone and unattended, and passing th …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses are collected in two sizable groups. The first depicts him meditating in solitude and pondering over the things that one should do to accompish one’s duty and do no harm …

Pārāsariya¹Pārāpariya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how being restrained he has overcome defilements. Thag.116

Pārāsariya²

A brahmin teacher mentioned in the Indriya …

Pārāyana

The fifth and last division of the Sutta Nipāta. Snp.976ff. It consists of sixteen suttas preceded by an introduction. The introduction describes how Bāvarī first heard of the coming of th …

A shrine near Rājagaha, where the disciples of Bāvarī met and questioned the Buddha. Snp.1013

25.04641, 85.411143shrine

The Buddha visited Pātaligāma shortly before his death. Although it later became the capital of Magadha, it was then a mere village. At that time Ajātasattu’s ministers, Sunīdha and Vassakāra, were en …

A naked ascetic of Vesāli who went about claiming to have greater mystic powers than the Buddha, and thereby much impressed Sunakkhatta. Pātikaputta had prophesied that, after death, the Licchavi gene …

The name given to a set of rules to be observed by members of the Buddhist Order. The rules regulate the behaviour of the members of the Order towards one another in respect of clothes, dwellings, fur …

PāveyyakāPātheyyakā

The name given to the inhabitants of Pāvā—e.g., Pāveyyakā Mallā. DN.ii.165

Pāvā was evidently a centre of Buddhist activity even during the lifetime of the Buddha, and mention is …

A city of the Mallas which the Buddha visited during his last journey, going there from Bhogagāma and stopping at Cunda’s mango grove.

Cunda lived in Pāvā and invited the Buddha to a meal, which prov …

Pāvārikambavana¹

The mango grove of Pāvārika of Kosambī.

Kosambī3parkPāvārikambavana²

A mango grove at Nāḷandā where the Buddha stayed when on a visit there. DN.ii.81 It was t …

A class of Nāgas. DN.ii.258

…Gavampati met Pāyāsi in the deva world, and Pāyāsi instructed him to teach men to give their gifts with thoroughness and with their…

A headsman of Uttara who visited the Buddha and questioned him regarding his power of magic. Several conversations he had with the Buddha, on various topics, are given in the Saṃyutta Nikāya. SN.iv.340ff.

Pūraṇa Kassapa

One of the six well known teachers, contemporaneous with the Buddha. He is said to have taught the doctrine of non-action, denying the result of good or bad actions. DN.i.52f.

Else …

Rakkhita ¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of having uprooted all defilements and become cool. Thag.79

Rakkhita²Rakkhitavanasaṇḍa

A forest tract near the village of Pāril …

Chief of those who had left the world through faith. AN.i.24 He was born at Thullakoṭṭhita in the Kuru country as the son of a very wealthy councillor and was called by his family name of Raṭṭhapāla. …

Revata¹Khadiravaniya

An eminent disciple of the Buddha, declared by him foremost among forest dwellers. AN.i.24

His Theragāthā verses appear under two names. As Khadiravaniya he admonishe …

Rohīnī²

A small river dividing the Sākyan and Koliyan countries. A dam was constructed across the river, and the people on the two sides used the water to cultivate their fields.

27.64916 …

Rojā¹

A Malla, inhabitant of Kusinārā. When the Buddha and Ānanda visited Kusinārā, the Malla chieftains decreed that whoever failed to pay homage to the Buddha would be fined five hundred …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

RāhuRāhubhadda

An Asura chieftain. The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.49f. says that on one occasion when he seized the Moon god, and on another the Sun god, both these invoked the aid of the Buddha. The Bud …

RāhulaRāhulabhadda

Only son of Gotama Buddha. When the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu for the first time after his Enlightenment and accepted Suddhodana’s invitation, Rāhula’s mother sent the boy to the …

RāhulamātāBimbāBhaddakaccāYasodharāBhaddakaccānāBimbāsundarīBimbādevīSubhaddakā

The name, generally given in the texts, of Rāhula’s mother Vin.i.82 and Gotama’s wife.

On the seventh day of the Buddh …

…were the Sattarasavaggiyā with Upāli at their head.

The Buddha spent his first vassa in Rājagaha and remained there during the winter and…

A Yakkha, one of the messengers of Kuvera. DN.iii.201

The name of a tree, at the foot of which the Buddha received a gift of wheat and honey from the merchants Tapassu and Bhallika in the eighth week after the Enlightenment. Vin.i.3f.

Uruvelā3shrine

RāmagāmakaRāmagāma

A Koliyan village on the banks of the Ganges. Its inhabitants claimed and obtained a share of the Buddha’s relics, over which they erected a thūpa. DN.ii.167

26.146795,84.098271town

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how his mind does not waver among the sounds of nature. Thag.49

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of getting rid of desire for this impure body. Thag.453–458

Sabbakāma lived on to one hundred and twenty years of age, and was consulted by Yasa, Soreyya Revata, …

A class of Devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A class of Devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A class of Devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

SahajātiSahajātāSahañcanika

A township where Yasa Kākandakaputta met Soreyya Revata, whom he wished to consult regarding the Ten Points raised by the Vajjiputtakas. Revata had gone there from Soreyya …

Sahali¹

A class of Devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

Sahali²

A devaputta, follower of Makkhali Gosāla. He visited the Buddha at Veḷuvana, in …

A Mahābrahmā. When the Buddha was at the Ajapālanigrodha, hesitating as to whether or not he should preach the Dhamma, Sahampati appeared before him and begged of him to open to the world the doors of …

SakkaVatrabhūVāsavaMaghavāMāghaPurindadaSahassakkhaSahassanettaSujampatiKosiya

Almost always spoken of as chief of the devas. The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.229 contains a list of his names.

• Maghavā, be …

SakkharaSakkāra

A township of the Sākyans where the Buddha once stayed with Ānanda. SN.v.2 It was not far from Rājagaha and was the residence of Macchariya Kosiya.

Sākya, not far from Rājagaha3town

The name given to the monks of the Buddha’s Order, as followers of Sakyamunī. Ud.iv.8 DN.iii.84

Sambhūta¹Sītavaniya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how a bhikkhu in the Sītavana (Cool Grove) is victorious. Thag.6

Sambhūta²Sānavāsī

When the Vajjiputtaka heresy aro …

A class of Devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A Mahā Brahmā, whose name means “ever young”. In the Nikāyas DN.i.121 MN.i.358 SN.i.153 AN.v.327 he is mentioned as the author of a famous verse, which is eleswhere attribued to the Buddha. SN.ii.284 …

SandhaSaddha

A monk who visited the Buddha at Ñātikā in the Giñjakāvasatha, when the Buddha preached to him the Sandha Sutta. AN.v.323f.

It is, perhaps, the same monk who is mentioned as Saddho Ka …

During the Vajjiputta controversy, Revata Thera, on his way from Soreyya to Sahājāti, went through Sankassa.

26.21347,79.86595town

SappasoṇḍikapabbhāraSappasoṇḍika

A mountain cave in the Sītavana, near Rājagaha. DN.ii.116 A conversation which took place there between Sāriputta and Upasena, just before the latter’s death, is reco …

A Paribbājaka who joined the Order and soon after left it. He then went about proclaiming in Rājagaha that he knew the Dhamma and Vinaya of the Sakyaputta monks, and that was why he had left their Ord …

SarakāniSaraṇāni

A Sākyan. When he died the Buddha declared that he was a sotāpanna, bound for enlightenment. But many of the Sākyans spoke scornfully of him, saying that he had failed in the train …

A group of monks in the Buddha’s time, who seem to have incurred the enmity of the Chabbaggīyas. The latter turned them out of a vihāra as soon as they had prepared it, and were violent towards them …

A class of Devas, among whom virtuous men, such as those that maintain their parents and engage in harmless trades, are born. Snp.404

Sañjaya¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that since going forth he has not had any hate. Thag.48

Sañjaya²

In the Kaṇṇakatthala Sutta Viḍūḍabha tells the Buddha that it was …

A very learned brahmin of Candalakappa. One day he saw Dhānañjānī trip up, and heard her exclaim three times, “Glory to the Buddha, the arahant, the all enlightened.” He blamed her for thus extolling …

A city, thirty leagues from Sāvatthī. During the Vajjiputta controversy, Revata Thera, on his way from Soreyya to Sahājāti, went through Saṅkassa. The road he took passed through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, …

A future king, who will be the Cakkavatti of Ketumatī at the time of the appearance of Metteyya Buddha in the world. He will raise up again the palace of King Mahāpanāda and live there. But later he w …

A brahmin of Aṅguttarāpa. He was a great friend of Keṇiya, the Jaṭila, and visited him when Keṇiya was making preparations to entertain the Buddha. Having heard the word “Buddha” from Keṇiya, Sela was …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of seeing the Buddha at the Gayā festival. Thag.287–290

A naked ascetic who practised the “Canine vow,” behaving like a dog. After his visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Kukkuravatika Sutta, he joined the Order and, in due course, became an arahant. M …

…which was occupied by Pāyāsi during his life there. Gavampati, who used to go there for his siesta, met him and had a conversation with him,…

…of Setavyā was the Siṃsapāvana, where Kumāra Kassapa lived, and where he preached the Pāyāsi Sutta to the brahmin Pāyāsi, who held a royal…

A monk of Sāvatthī who was found guilty of various Vinaya offences, and was therefore subjected to the Nissayakamma. Udāyī (Lāludāyi) was his friend and his evil genius. Vin.iii.110f.

SikhaḍḍīSikhaṇḍī

A Gandhabba, son of Mātali; Bhaddā Suriyavaccasā was at first in love with him, but she was won later by Pañcasikha. DN.ii.268

SikhāmoggallānaSikhāMoggallāna

A brahmin who once visited the Buddha, saying that he had been told by Soṇakāyana that the Buddha preached the ineffectiveness of all deeds and asking if this were true …

SikhīArindama

A Buddha of a past age.DN.ii.7 DN.iii.195f. SN.ii.9

• He was born in the Nisabha pleasance in Aruṇavatī.
• His father was the khattiya Aruṇa and his mother Pabhāvatī.
• His wife wa …

A village of the Sākyans. Once, when the Buddha was there with a large number of monks, Mira tempted them in the guise of a jatanduva-brahmin. SN.i.117

A story is also told of the temptation by Māra …

The Indus river, one of the most important of those that flow from the Himālaya.

Isidāsī was once born as a goat in Sindhavārañña, the “Forest of the Sindhu”. Thig.438

Indus1river

SiviraṭṭhaSiveyyaka

The country of the Sivi people, famous for its cloth, which was called Siveyyaka. Vin.i.278 Pajjota gave a pair of robes of this material to Jīvaka, as a present for his cure. The …

…grove to the north of Setavyā, where Kumāra Kassapa once stayed. It was the scene of the preaching of the Pāyāsi Sutta. DN.ii.316

27.69953,…

A deva to whom sacrifice is offered; he is generally mentioned with Varuṇa, Pajāpati and Yama. DN.i.244 DN.ii.259

In the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta DN.iii.204 he is spoken of as a Yakkha chief.

An eminent laywoman, disciple of the Buddha. AN.iv.348

A town where Soreyya-Revata lived. Vin.ii.299 There was a direct route from Verañja to Payāgatiṭṭha, passing through Soreyya, Saṅkassa and Kaṇṇakuja. Vin.iii.11

26.53389,79.301022town

SotthijaSotthiya

The constant attendant of Koṇāgamana Buddha. DN.ii.6

Soṇa¹

A Thera, declared chief of those possessing clear utterance. AN.i.24 He lived in Avantī, where he met Mahākaccāna and was later ordained by him, after much difficulty assembling the …

A rich brahmin of Campā, very learned in the Vedas; he lived in a royal domain, given to him as royal fief by King Bimbisāra. When the Buddha was in Campā, on the banks of the Gaggarā-lake, Soṇadaṇḍa …

A youth who, according to Sikhā Moggallāna, went about saying that the Buddha proclaimed the ineffectiveness of all deeds, and thereby preached the annihilation of the world. The Buddha said he did no …

Subha¹

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

Subha²TodeyyaputtaBhāradvāja

A young brahman student. He once visited the Buddha in Sāvatthī, asking him various questions. The interview is …

…SN.i.142 It was under a sāla tree in Subhagavana that the Mūlapariyāya Sutta was preached. MN.i.1

27.6081, 82.825243park

Subrahmā¹

A devaputta. He visits the Buddha at Veḷuvana and tells him that his heart is full of dismay. The Buddha replies that the only path out of sorrow is by way of wisdom, renunciat …

Subāhu¹

He was the son of a seṭṭhi family of Benares, and was the friend of Yasa. When Yasa and his companions joined the Order Subāhu followed his example, and they all became arahants. V …

A wanderer. She once saw Sāriputta in Rājagaha eating his meal, which he had begged from house to house, leaning against a wall. Sucimukhī asked him why he looked downwards while eating. When Sāriputt …

An Asura, one of the Dānaveghasas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

Sudatta¹

A lay disciple of Nādikā who had become a sakadāgāmin. DN.ii.92 SN.v.356f.

Sudatta²

A devaputta who visited the Buddha at Jetavana and spoke two stanzas on the va …

…of Gotama Buddha.

Māyā was his chief consort, and, after her death her sister Pajāpatī was raised to her position.

Nanda was…

Sudhamma¹

He lived in Macchikāsaṇḍa, in a monastery (the Ambātakārāma) provided by Citta. Citta used to invite Sudhamma to his house for meals. One day Sāriputta, at the head of several em …

Sujātā¹

The foremost laywoman in being first to go for refuge. DN.ii.135 AN.i.26

Sujātā²

A lay woman of Ñātikā. The Buddha said that she had become a sotāpanna and had thus as …

Sukkā¹

A bhikkhunī who was famous as a teacher of Dhamma, to the extent that a spirit went Rājagaha about praising her and exhorting others to listen to her Dhamma. Thig.54–56 SN.i.212 SN. …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

Sumana¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of having accomplished all that he was aksed to do. Thag.330–334

Sumana²Cūḷasumana

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of ordaini …

Sumanā¹Sumanārājakumārī

She was the daughter of the king of Kosala and sister of Pasenadi. She is included among the eminent upāsikās. AN.iv.347 She once visited the Buddha, with five hu …

A Yakkha chief, to be invoked in time of need by followers of the Buddha. DN.iii.205

SumāgadhāSumāgavā

A lotus pond near Rājagaha. The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions the Buddha as relating the story of a man who went to Sumāgadhā with the thought, “I will speculate about the world.” He saw …

A Licchavi prince of Vesāli. He was, at one time, a member of the Order and the personal attendant of the Buddha, but was later converted to the views of Korakkhattiya and went about defaming the Budd …

Sundarī¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses consist of a dialogue, firstly between her father Sujāta and a bhikkhunī, Vāsiṭṭhī, Thig.313–324 and later between Sundarī and her mother. Thig …

A Yakkha, to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in time of need. DN.iii.205

Suppatiṭṭha CetiyaSupatiṭṭhacetiya

A shrine near the Latthivanuyyāna in Rājagaha. Vin.i.35

near the Latthivanuyyāna3shrine

A nigrodha tree belonging to king Koravya. The king and his court ate the first portion of the fruit as big as pipkins and sweet; the army had the second portion, the town and country people the thi …

SuppavāsāKoliyadhītā

A lay woman who lived in the Koliyan village of Sajjanela, where the Buddha visited her and preached to her on the efficacy of giving food. AN.ii.62f. She was described by the …

Suppiya¹

A Paribbājaka. He was the teacher of Brahmadatta. It was the discussion between these two, in the Ambalaṭṭhikā park, regarding the virtues of the Buddha, his Dhamma and his Order, …

…Supassa. SN.ii.192

Suppiyā²

An upāsaka of Benares. Her husband was Suppiya, and they were both greatly devoted to the Order….

A devaputta, the sun or the god of the sun. Once, when he was seized by Rāhu, lord of the Asuras, he invoked the power of the Buddha, and the Buddha enjoined on Rāhu to let him go. This Rāhu did, an …

SuriyavaccasāBhaddā

A Gandhabba maiden, daughter of Timbaru.

When she went to dance before Sakka, Pañcasikha saw her and fell in love with her, but she favoured Mātali’s son Sikhaṇḍī.

Later she hea …

SusumāragiriSuṃsumāragiri

A city in the Bhagga country, of which it was probably the capital. Near the city was the Bhesakalāvana where the Buddha stayed.

During his visits there he preached the Anu …

…of mind….

SāgalaSāgalā

A city in India, mentioned in the Vinaya Vin.iii.67 as the residence of Daḷhika.

…silent, but the Chabbaggiyā suggested that they should provide him with white spirits.

The next day, when Sāgata went for alms, he was…

A town in Kosala. It was regarded in the Buddha’s time as one of the six great cities of India, the others being Campā, Rājagaha, Sāvatthī, Kosambī and Benares. DN.ii.146 In the Vinaya Vin.i.253 howev …

…their action, saying, ’Sakyā vata bho kumārā, paramasakyā vata bho rājakumāra; hence their name came to be ‘Sakyā.’

The Buddha states, in…

The inhabitants of Sālā. MN.i.285

A brahmin village of Kosala, its inhabitants were called Sāleyyakā. The Apaṇṇaka Sutta and the Saleyyaka Sutta were preached there. MN.i.285 MN.i.400

Kosala3town

A Sākiyan village where the Sāmagāma Sutta was preached. MN.ii.243 There was a lotus pond in the village. AN.iii.309

The Vedhaññā probably lived there, because, according to the Pāsādika Sutta, DN.ii …

…he preached to the inhabitants. They were called Sāpūgiyā. AN.ii.194

Koliya3town

His mother took him to the monks for ordination, thinking thus to ensure for him supreme happiness. Sānu lost his intellectual discernment and grew distraught and longed to go roaming. His former Yakk …

The people of Sāpūga

A shrine at Vesāli. DN.ii.75 DN.ii.102 Ud.vi.1

Vesāli3shrine

Sāriputta

The chief disciple of Gotama- Buddha. He is also called Upatissa, which was evidently his personal name. MN.i.150 Sāriputta was a great friend of Mahāmoggallāna. After going forth together …

A mountain in the Middle country, the abode of Sātāgira. Many other Yakkas also lived there, three thousand of whom were present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.257

4hill

He was a fisherman’s son and held the false view that, according to the Buddha’s teaching, a man’s consciousness runs on and continues without break of identity. Sāti’s colleagues did their best to ch …

A Yakkha. He persuaded his friend Hemavata to visit the Buddha on an uposatha day. Hemavata then asked the Buddha a series of questions. Snp.176–205

Sātāgira is mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta DN. …

…between the two cities Setavyā, Kapilavatthu, Kusinārā, Pāvā and Bhoganagara. Further on, there was a road running southwards from Sāvatthī…

Sāḷha¹Migāranattā

He once visited Nandaka Thera with Pekkhuniya’s grandson, Rohana. AN.i.193f. He built a vihāra for the nuns and Sundarīndā was appointed to supervise the work. As a r …

SāṭimattiyaSātimattiya

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of one who formerly had faith but now has no more, and of wandering for alms, a little here and there. Thag.246–248

Sīha¹

A Licchavi general of Vesāli. He was a follower of the Nigaṇṭhas. When the Buddha visited Vesāli, Sīha, having heard reports of his greatness, wished to see him, but Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaput …

One of the seven great lakes of Himavā. AN.iv.107

Himalaya3lake

A grove near Rājagaha where Anāthapiṇḍika first met the Buddha. When Anāthapiṇḍika approached it, he was filled with fear and trembling. But he was reassured by a friendly Yakkha, Sīvaka. Vin.ii.155*f …

Sīvaka¹

A Yakkha who helped Anāthapiṇḍika to find the Buddha at Sītavana.Vin.ii.155f. SN.i.211 He is mentioned among the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in time of …

The cloth produced in the Sivi country. Vin.i.278 Pajjota gave a pair of robes of this material to Jīvaka, as a present for his cure. These robes Jīvaka gave to the Buddha. Vin.i.280

…at the Tankitamañca in Gayā, which was the abode of Sūciloma, Sūciloma and his friend, Khara, happened to be passing by, and Sūciloma,…

SūkarakhaSūkarakhataSūkarakhatala

A cave on the side of Gijjhakūṭa, where the Buddha stayed. There he preached the Dīghanakha Sutta to Dīghanakha. Sāriputta was also present, and the sutta led to his …

An eminent lay disciple, declared by the Buddha foremost among his followers in unwavering loyalty. AN.i.26 AN.iii.451

…Purānas because of its connection with Kṛṣṇa, and the Yādavas.

27.55211, 77.316281janapada

A class of Nāgas present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.258

A Pacceka Buddha, MN.iii.69 third among the five hundred sons of Padumavatī, all of whom became Pacceka Buddhas. Suppabuddha, a banker of Rājagaha, having seen the Pacceka Buddha on his way to a park, …

The capital of Gandhāra. The Vinaya describes it as the place of education of Jīvaka, the Buddha’s doctor. Vin.i.269f.

Takkasilā is identified with the Greek Taxila, in Rawalpindi in the Punjab.

3 …

A large lake below the Vebhāra mountain, outside Rājagaha. The lake was cool, but the stream flowing from it, also called Tapodā, Vin.iii.108 Vin.iv.116f. was hot. Around it was the Tapodārāma.

Mon …

TapussaTapassu

A merchant of Ukkalā. He and his friend, Bhalluka, while on their way to Rājagaha, saw the Buddha at the foot of the Rājāyatana tree, in the eighth week after the Enlightenment. They o …

TaṇḍulapālidvārāyaTaṇḍulapālidvāraTandulapāladvāra

One of the gates of Rājagaha. Near the gate was the residence of the brahmin Dhānañjāni. MN.ii.185

Rājagaha3building

A monk who, with his brother Yamelu, asked from the Buddha permission to translate the Buddha’s teachings into chandas, which probably is Sanskrit metre. Vin.ii.139

ThūlūBumūBūmūThulūKhulūKhūlūKhuhū

The name of a gotta. The village of Uttarakā belonged to them, and when the Buddha was staying there with Sunakkhatta, the latter was greatly taken up with the pra …

The people of Thūṇa.

A brahmin. He once visited the Buddha and spoke in praise of tevijja brahmins. The Buddha explained to him that the threefold lore of the Ariyan disciple was a different and a far nobler thing. The br …

A chieftain of the Gandhabbas and father of Suriyavaccasā. DN.ii.266 DN.ii.268

He was present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.258

Tissa¹

One of the two chief disciples of Vipassī Buddha. DN.ii.4

Tissa²

A monk who was reborn as a Brahmā with great iddhi-powers. Moggallāna visited him soon after his bir …

TissametteyyaTissaMetteyya

A disciple of Bāvarī. He visited the Buddha with his colleagues and when the Buddha answered his questions, he, and his thousand pupils became arahants. Tissa was his perso …

The Pāḷi equivalent of the Sanskrit Taittirīyā. It refers to students of a branch of brahmanical lore. DN.i.237

Todeyya¹

A Mahāsāla brahmin, mentioned in a list of eminent brahmins gathered together at Icchanankala and Manasākaṭa. DN.i.235 Snp.p.115

There was in Caṇḍalakappa a mango grove belonging …

The fourth of the six deva worlds. AN.i.210

Four hundred years of human life are equal to one day of the Tusita world and four thousand years, so reckoned, is the term of life of a deva born in Tusit …

A devaputta. He visited the Buddha at Sāvatthī and uttered certain verses in the hearing of the monks, telling of the necessity of following the recluse’s calling with energy and sincerity. After hi …

Ubhato-vibhaṅga

A collective term, comprehending the Bhikkhu-vibhaṅga and the Bhikkhunī-vibhaṅga of the Vinaya Pītaka. Sometimes the word seems to be used as varia lectio for Ubhato-Vinaya. Vin.ii.287

A Pacceka Buddha found in a list of Pacceka Buddhas. MN.iii.70

Udaya¹

A brahmin of Sāvatthī. One day the Buddha came to his house and he filled the Buddha’s bowl with the food prepared for his own use. Three days in succession the Buddha came, and Uda …

UddakaRāmaputta

One of the teachers under whom Gotama, after leaving the world and before he became the Buddha, received instruction. Uddaka taught him the doctrine which had been realised and procla …

Udena Cetiya Udenacetiya

A shrine of pre-Buddhistic worship, to the east of Vesāli.

It is mentioned with other shrines at Vesāli—Gotamaka, Sārandada, Sattamba, Cāpāla and Bahuputta—all of which are …

Udena¹Utena

King of Kosambī. He was the son of Parantapa. Once when be discovered that the women of the court had given five hundred costly robes to Ānanda, he was annoyed, but when in ans …

Udāyī¹LāludāyīPaṇḍita Udāyī

There were at least two monks called Udāyī, and it is not always possible to be sure which one is meant. When the Buddha preached the Nāgopama Sutta, AN.iii.344 …

He once visited the Buddha and told him how he rivalled in power and wealth the seṭṭhi Migāra, grandson of Rohana. He was worth one hundred thousand in gold alone, to say nothing of silver. The Buddha …

…was staying in the Jātiyāvana at Bhaddiya, Uggaha invited him and three monks to a meal at his house. At the conclusion of the meal, he asked…

A great brahmin. Having made preparations for a great sacrifice, in which numerous animals were to be slaughtered, he visited the Buddha at Jetavana to consult him as to the efficacy of the sacrifice. …

UggāhamānaSamaṇamaṇḍikāputtaSamaṇamuṇḍikāputta

A Paribbājaka. Once when he was staying near Sāvatthī in Mallikā’s pleasance at the Samayappavādaka hall, the carpenter, Pañcakaṅga, on his way to see t …

Ujjaya¹

A Pacceka Buddha, mentioned in the list in the Isigili Sutta. MN.iii.70

Ujjaya²

A monk whose verse is in the Theragāthā. Thag.67

Ujjaya³

A brahmin. He onc …

The capital of Avanti. In the Buddha’s time, Caṇḍapajjota Vin.i.276 was king of Ujjenī and there was friendly intercourse between that city and Māgadha, whose king was Seniya Bimbisāra. After Bimbisār …

A district identified with modern Orissa. The merchants Tapussa and Bhalluka were on the way from Ukkalā, when they visited the Buddha shortly after his Awakening, near Uruvelā, and offered food to hi …

…Ukkaṭṭha with Setavyā. AN.ii.37

It was in the Subhagavana at Ukkaṭṭha that the Mūlapariyāya Sutta MN.i.1ff. was preached.

In…

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

Son of Upacālā and nephew of Sāriputta and Khadiravaniya-Revata. He was ordained by Revata. Thag.43 He is mentioned in the Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.v.133 in a list of very eminent disciples, together with …

…met on his way between Gayā and the Bodhi Tree, after he set out from Isipatana for the preaching of the First Sermon. Upaka questioned the…

…with the Chabbaggiyā monks Vin.iv.30 and, at another time, as going his alms-rounds with a colleague with whom he quarrelled when the…

UpasenaVaṅgantaputta

When his ordination was but one year old, he ordained another bhikkhu, to increase the number of holy ones, and went with him to wait upon the Buddha. The Buddha roundly rebuked …

Uppalavaṇṇā

One of the two chief women disciples of the Buddha, and the chief of the women possessed of psychic power. AN.i.25 The Therīgāthā Thig.234–235 SN.i.131f. contains several verses attribu …

Upāli ¹

One of the most eminent of the Buddha’s immediate disciples. He belonged to a barber’s family in Kapilavatthu and entered the service of the Sākiyan princes. When Anuruddha and his …

A township of the Mallas in the Malla country. Once when the Buddha was staying there, Bhadragaka, the headman of the town, visited him, and the Buddha preached to him a sermon on the arising and the …

…and converted the Bhaddavaggiyā. Vin.i.23f. At Uruvelā dwelt also the Tebhātika-Jatilas: Uruvelā-Kassapa, Nadī-Kassapa and Gayā-Kassapa,…

…with their pupils. At Gayāsīsa the Buddha preached to them the Fire Sermon, and they all attained arahantship.

From Gayāsīsa the Buddha…

…spoke sarcastically of Pāyāsi’s generosity, and on being challenged by Pāyāsi to show what should be done, Uttara gave gladly and with his…

…Kusināṭā, Nātapuriyā, Parakusināṭā, Kapīvanta, Janogha, Navanavatiya, Ambara-Ambaravatiya and Āḷakamandā, the last being the…

Uttarakā²

A village of the Thūlūs. The Buddha once stayed there and Sunakkhatta was in his company. At that time Korakkhattiya was also staying there. DN.iii.6

4town

A Yakkhinī, mother of Punabbasu and Uttarā. Once as she passed Jetavana at sunset looking for food, with her daughter on her hip and holding her son by his finger, she saw the assembly, intently liste …

A diminutive form of Uttarā used by Uttaramātā, the Yakkhinī, in addressing her daughter. SN.i.210

Uttarā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses tell of her awakening. Thig.15

Uttarā²

The Therīgāthā contains seven verses uttered by her after becoming an arahant, the result of …

…in the north to the Vindhyā in the south.

This region was famous from very early times for its horses and horse-dealers, Vin.iii.6 and horses…

Uttiya¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse tells of how when ill, he aroused mindfulness. Thag.30

In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.v.22 the Buddha explains to him, in answer to his question, the char …

UvālaUpavāla

He was examined by the Saṅgha in connection with an offence he had committed. He first denied it, then confessed it, then denied it again, and made counter-charges and spoke lies, knowi …

A brahmin. He once visited the Buddha at Sāvatthī and asked him whether the five sense-faculties, which were of different scope and range, had any common ground of resort. The Buddha replies that the …

A wanderer who later became an arahant Thera. Several conversations he had with the Buddha are mentioned in the books. For details see the Tevijja Vacchagotta-, Aggi Vacchagotta-, Mahā Vacchagotta- …

VaggumudāVattumudā

A river in the Vajji country. On its banks lived Yasoja and his five hundred companions. Ud.iii.3

Vajjī3river

A Yakkha. It is said that whoever, even up to the third time of being asked, refuses to answer a reasonable question put by a Buddha, his head will split into pieces on the spot. It was Vajirapāṇi’s d …

Vajirā²

The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.134f. relates that one day, when she was meditating in Andhavana at Sāvatthī, Māra questioned her as to the origin of a “being”, its creator, its origin, …

A householder of Campā, a devout and skilled follower of the Buddha. Once, when on his way to see the Buddha at Gaggarā Lake, he found he had arrived too early and went into the Paribbājakārāma near b …

The name of a country and of its people. It was one of the sixteen Great Nations. The inhabitants appear to have consisted of several confederate clans of whom the Licchavī and the Videhā were the chi …

Vakkali

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of never relinquishing energy, whether ill or happy, while meditating in the forest. Thag.350–354 The Buddha declared him foremost among those of implicit …

A Theragāthā verse ascribed to a monk of this name speaks of rejoicing while it rains outside, since he meditates in comfort in his hut. Thag.53

Two further verses ascribed to a monk of the same name …

VanasavhayaVanasaVanasāvhayaTumbavanagaraPavanaVanasāvatthī

A city lying between Vedisa and Kosambī, on the road taken by Bāvarī’s disciples. Snp.1011

24.69943,80.1727292town

Vappa ¹

One of the group of five monks who practiced with the Bodhisatta before his Awakening, and who were his first monastic followers. Vappa was disappointed when the Buddha began takin …

A king of the devas, mentioned as the companion of Sakka, Pajāpati and Isāna. In battle against the Asuras, the devas of Tāvatiṃsā were asked to look upon the banner of Varuṇa in order to have all the …

A class of deities present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta.DN.ii.259 DN.ii.260 They probably form the retinue of Varuṇa.

A brahmin, chief minister of Ajātasattu. He and Sunidha were in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built against the Vajjī. Vin.i.228 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.72ff.

At Ajātasattu’s suggestion, Vass …

Vaḍḍha¹

A Licchavi. He was a friend of the Mettiyabhummajakā, and, at their instigation, charged Dabba Mallaputta with having committed adultery with his wife. Dabba repudiated the charge, …

The Vaṃsas and their country. It lay to the south of Kosala, and its capital was Kosambī on the Yamunā. Udena, son of Parantapa, was its king in the time of the Buddha.

Avanti lay to the south of th …

VaṭajālikāyaṃDhavajālikā

A monastery on Sankheyyaka mountain in Mahisa country. A monk, named Uttara, once lived there and was visited by Sakka. AN.iv.162ff.

Sankheyyaka mountain in Mahisa3monastery

VedhaññāVedañña

A family of Sākiyans. It was to them that the Pāsādika Sutta was preached. DN.iii.17 From the Sāmagāma Sutta MN.ii.244 it would appear that these Sākiyans lived in Sāmagāma.

VedisaVedisagiri

A city, the home of Devī, mother of Mahinda. He and Sanghamittā were born there, and, just before he left for Ceylon, he went there to visit his mother and stayed for one month in th …

VediyakaVediya

A mountain to the north of Ambasaṇḍā, in which was the Indasālaguhā, where the Buddha stayed. The mountain was bathed in radiance when Sakka visited the Buddha on the occasion of the p …

A class of devas present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.261

Vejayanta¹

A palace belonging to Sakka. When Moggallāna visited Sakka to discover if he had fully understood the Buddha’s teaching in the Cūlatanhā saṅkhaya Sutta, Sakka tried to evade his …

…women who waited on Mahāsudassana, king of Kusāvatī. She was also called Khattiyānī. SN.iii.146 But in the Dīgha DN.ii.187 the chief queen…

VepacittiSambara

An Asura chieftain, who was present with Namuci (Māra) at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

Vepacitti was the friend of Rāhu, and when Rāhu seized Candimā and Suriya …

VepullaVipulaVaṅkakaPācīnavaṃsaSupassa

The highest of the five mountains surrounding Rājagaha. SN.i.67

• In the time of Kakusandha Buddha, the mountain was called Pācīnavaṃsa
• in the time of Koṇāga …

A brahmin clan. The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions a lady of the gotta living in Kāmandā, who was evidently a teacher. A pupil of hers, having visited Udāyi, then staying in the Todeyya mango grove, told he …

…and crossing the Ganges at Payāgapatiṭṭhāna. From Benares he proceeded to Vesāli. This account, of the Buddha’s visit to Verañjā, forms…

An Asura chieftain. All the hundred sons of Bali were named after him. DN.ii.259

He is probably identical with Verocana, lord of the Asuras’ who, according to the Saṃyutta Nikāya, SN.i.225f. went w …

Vessāmitta¹

A celebrated sage of old. Vin.i.245 DN.i.104 MN.ii.169 MN.ii.200 AN.iii.224 Vin.i.2451

Vessāmitta²

A Yakkha chief who, with five hundred others of the same name, w …

…is made of Ugga, Piṅgiyāni, Kāraṇapālī, Sīha, Vāseṭṭha, AN.iv.258 and the various Licchavis.

Vesāli was a stronghold of the…

The Nāgas of Vesāli who were present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

A vassal of the Four Great Kings, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

One of the nine aṅgas, into which the Dhamma was organized by way of literary style. It means “Answer” or “Explanation” and refers to discourses elaborated by way of question and answer.

A brahmin village of the Kosalans where the Buddha once stayed and preached the Veḷudvāreyya Sutta. SN.v.352

Kosala3town

…lady of Veḷukaṇṭa. She is mentioned as an exemplary lay woman.AN.i.88 AN.ii.164…

…he stayed at the Latthivanuyyāna. Vin.i.35 The day after his arrival, he accepted the king’s invitation to a meal at the palace, at the end of…

A deva who was present, with his retinue, at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259 Veṇhu is a Pāḷi form of Viṣṇu.

A class of devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.261

Vijaya¹

A householder, mentioned as an exemplary layman. AN.iii.451

Vijaya²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that one without defilements may not be traced, like birds in th …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses say that she went to the monastery up to five times before being approached by a bhikkhunī, who taght her the Dhamma, so that now she dwells in freedom and bliss. T …

Vimala¹

One of the four friends of Yasa who, following the latter’s example, joined the Order and attained arahantship. Vin.i.18f.

Vimala²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse spea …

A Buddha of the past, whose story is told in the Mahāpadāna Sutta. He was born in the Khema park in Bandhumatī, his father being Bandhumā and his mother Bandhumatī. He belonged to the Koṇḍañña gotta. …

Visākhā¹

. Thig.13

Visākhā²

The chief among the female lay disciples of the Buddha and declared by him to be foremost among those who ministered to the Order. AN.i.26 She is c …

A class of devas living in the Formless Realms. Their life lasts for forty thousand great aeons. MN.iii.103

…Pasenadi and Vāsabhakhattiyā. Both in the Piyajātika Sutta MN.ii.110 and the Kaṇṇakatthala Suttas. MN.ii.127 Viḍūḍabha is spoken of as…

One of the vassals of the Four Great Kings present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.257

Vassal of the Four Great Kings present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

Vassal of the Four Great Kings present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.258

A sacrificial offering.

One of the great sages honoured by the brahmins as authors of hymns. Vin.i.245 DN.i.104 Compare Rigveda 5.26; Rāmāyana 1.7, etc.

A class of deities, followers of Varuda, who were present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

A class of devas, present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.260

A class of deities present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

VīrāCīrā

A certain lay follower gave her a robe, and a Yakkha aware of this, went about praising his piety. SN.i.213

A class of non human beings generally described as non-human. They are mentioned with Devas, Rakkhasas, Dānavas, Gandhabbas, Kinnaras, and Mahoragas (? Nāgas).

Elsewhere AN.ii.38 they rank, in progr …

The god of death. When beings die they are led before him to be judged according to their deeds. Birth, old age, illness, punishment for crime and death, are regarded as his messengers, sent among men …

A man belonging to the retinue of King Eḷeyya. He was a follower of Uddaka Rāmaputta. AN.ii.180

A sage of old who led a good life and persuaded his followers to do likewise. He was among the originators of the Vedic hymns. Vin.i.245 DN.i.238 DN.i.239 MN.ii.169 MN.ii.200 AN.iii.224 AN.iii.229 AN.iv.61

Two brahmins, probably named Yamelu and Tekula, who proposed to the Buddha that the Dhamma should be put into Sanskrit metre chandasi. The Buddha refused their request. Vin.ii.139

The second of the five great rivers of Jambudīpa, which are often used in similes. Vin.ii.237 AN.iv.101 AN.iv.198 AN.iv.202 AN.v.22 Vin.ii.2371 Vin.ii.2373 The river was evidently the special resort o …

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …

While journeying in the company of Sabhiya, he came to Sāvatthī, where he was present at the discussion between Sabhiya and the Buddha. It was his purpose to try and discover flaws in the Buddha’s arg …

YasojaYasojoti

The Udāna mentions Ud.iii.3 how Yasoja and five hundred of his companions went to see the Buddha at Jetavana. There they stood talking to the monks who lived there and made a great upr …

The name of a Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.69

A brahmin, father of Koṇāgamana Buddha. DN.ii.7

A headman who visited the Buddha and asked if it was true that men who fall fighting in battle are reborn among the Sārañjita devas. At first the Buddha refused to answer the question, but finding tha …

YonaYavānaYonakā

A country and its people. The name is probably the Pāḷi equivalent for Ionians, the Baktrian Greeks. The Yonas are mentioned with the Kambojas in the Assalāyana Sutta MN.ii.149 as pl …

One of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by the Buddha’s followers in time of need. DN.iii.205

…AN.iii.287 MN.ii.194 MN.iii.100 Two hundred years of human life are but one day to the Yāma devā, and two thousand Years, composed of such…

Another name for Suriya, the Sun. DN.iii.196

Ādicca was also the gotta name of the Sākyans who were called the Ādiccā. Snp.423

A class of devas born in the Ākiñcāyatana, the third Arūpa world. MN.iii.103 Their life term is sixty thousand kappas. AN.i.267

…schools: Pakuddha-Kātiyāna (sic), Nigaṇṭha, Makkhali, Pūraṇa. Vetambari made rejoinder to Ākoṭaka, speaking disparagingly of the…

A physician of Rājagaha who lanced the fistula of a monk. Meeting the Buddha, he told him of the lancing, trying to make fun of it. The Buddha, having made inquiries, declared the performance of such …

A class of devas born in the Realm of Infinite Space. MN.iii.103 They belong to the Formless world and their life term is twenty thousand kappas. AN.i.267

One of the principal disciples of the Buddha. He was a first cousin of the Buddha and was deeply attached to him. Ānanda entered the Order in the second year of the Buddha’s ministry, together with ot …

ĀnandacetiyaĀnande Cetiye

A shrine in Bhoganagara dedicated to a yakkha called Ānanda. There the Buddha stayed during his last sojourn, and mention is made of a sermon he preached there to the monk …

A city in the Aṅguttarāpa country, probably its capital. The Buddha once visited the city with 1,250 monks and the whole company was entertained by the Jaṭila Keṇiya. Vin.i.245ff. From Āpaṇa the Bud …

A class of deities who were present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

A city of the gods, mighty, prosperous and full of devas. DN.ii.147 DN.ii.170

It was one of the chief cities of Uttarakuru, and a royal residence of Kuvera. DN.iii.201

In the Culla Vagga Vin.ii.152 …

The yakkha of Āḷavī. The Buddha once stayed at his dweling, at which the yakkha became angry and threatened the Buddha. He was tamed by the Buddha and asked a series of questions Snp.p.31–33 SN.i. …

ĀḷavakāĀḷavikā

A name given to the monks of Āḷavī.

The Āḷavaka-bhikkhū are mentioned several times in the Vinaya Vin.ii.172ff. Vin.iii.85 Vin.iv.34–35 in connection with offences relating to repa …

Āḷavī¹

A town between Sāvatthī and Rājagaha. The Buddha goes from Sāvatthī to Kīṭāgiri, thence to Āḷavī, and finally, to Rājagaha. The Buddha, on several occasions, stayed at Āḷavī at the …

ĀḷavīgotamaĀḷavīGotama

A thera, who is mentioned in the Sutta Nipāta Snp.1146 in a verse spoken by the Buddha to Piṅgiya when the Buddha appeared in a ray of light at Bāvarī’s hermitage.

ĀḷārakālāmaĀḷāraKālāma

One of the two teachers to whom Gotama, after his renunciation, first attached himself, the other being Uddaka Rāmaputta. In the Ariyaparivesāna Sutta MN.i.163–165; also M.i.24 …

A city in Uttarakuru, mentioned with Kusināṭā, Parakusināṭā and Nātāpuriyā. DN.iii.200

5town

…place near Gayā. It was the residence of the Yakkha Sūciloma and the Buddha once stayed there. Snp.p.47f. SN.i.206

near…

fokozatos, rendszeres gyakorlás

hajlam

jelleg, másodlagos jegy

nemes személy

nemes nyolcrétű ösvény

befolyás, túlcsordulás

tisztátalan, csúnya

érzékelési terület, alap

gyakorlás, kiteljesítés, fejlesztés, kibontakoztatás

a megvilágosodás velejárói, kísérői

tanítványhoz méltó viselkedés, szent élet

négy nemes igazság

a Tan tanulmányozása, kutatása

feltételezettség

irányító képesség, funkció, érzékterület

az érzékek megfékezése

jóbarát, kedvező hatású barát

a meditáció tárgya, gyakorlási terület

test, csoport

megszűnés, pusztulás

név és forma, az anyagi és tudati jelenség

elővigyázatosság, körültekintés

feltétel, körülmény

elhagyás, feladás

forma, alakzat, anyagiság

finom anyagi elmélyedés

megtapasztalás, megvalósítás

az önvaló téves nézete, önhittség

hat érzékterület

keletkezés

gyakorló, tanuló

folyambalépett

tompaság és tunyaság

származtatott

igyekezet, törekvés

tetterő, kitartás

ellenérzés, rosszakarat

a valóságnak megfelelő tudás; annak tudása és látása, ami van

resting inside, in the heart

disappears, comes to an end

rises (as the sun); rises over

raises (the voice); utters

indignant at, impatient of.

is used often as an exclamation (frequently combined with acchariyam): how wonderful! what an astonishing thing!

who has marched out (against, acc.)

marches against.

abhi-uyyāta

pp mfn. who has marched out (against, acc.)

having overcome; having surpassed; victorious.

wandering victorious

wandering victorious

sphere of mastering; area of control (one of six or eight stages in overcoming reactions to objects of the senses)

goes to, visits; takes oneself to; attains

mutters prayers to, supplicates; prays for, longs for, covets

longs for, covets.

is born; is born for or to; becomes.

avoids; shuns

produces; causes to come into being

avoids; shuns

presses; crushes; oppresses, troubles

avoids; renounces; throws down

abhinīla-m-āyata

mfn. very black and long.

longs for, wishes; desires

causes to rise; plants; puts on, fixes on, fastens (esp. on a thūpa)/ presents as an offering

penetration into; right understanding (of).

future fate, condition in one’s next rebirth.

in a future state; in the next existence.

makes overflow; floods, drenches

torments; afflicts

thinks out, plans.

belonging to or used for the inauguration (of a king)

sprinkles; inaugurates (as king).

cursed

gratifies; delights.

praises; describes

higher discipline; the discipline in detail or analyzed.

as to the Vinaya; as regards the discipline.

addresses reverently; greets; salutes respectfully

causes to salute; asks for greeting or good wishes

asks; entreats.

goes against, attacks; approaches.

extremely bad conduct

1. (instr.) ~ena, and, more rarely, abl. ~ā, loc. ~e (+ gen. or ifc),

   1. after the lapse (of) at the end (of), after.
   2. after the death (of).

2. going beyond (the norm); transgressio …

1. passes (of time), elapses; passes by, eludes; passes by, neglects.
2. goes beyond; oversteps; overcomes; becomes free of.

confesses to an offense (as being such)

recognizes an offense (as being such)

accepts (the confession of) the fault, pardons the offense

confesses to an offense (as being such)

recognizes an offense (as being such)

accepts (the confession of) the fault, pardons the offense

1. (mfn.) wonderful, surprising, strange, marvelous; unusual, exceptional, of rare occurrence.
2. (n. (and m.)) a wonderful thing; a marvel.

wonderful exceptional man

is used often as an exclamation (frequently combined with abbhutaṃ) how wonderful! what a wonderful thing! it’s a marvel!

covers; clothes or presents with (clothes, instr.); puts on (clothes, acc.).

putting on top of; on top of.

1. (n.) to great exertion.
2. (mfn.) exerting oneself too much

very much stretched or extended; over-strung (opposite to atisithila); high, sharp.

1. fit for traveling.
2. lasting a long period; enduring.

sacrificing priest; name of a class of brahmans.

is afflicted, distressed.

the lower part of the body.

in regard to wisdom.

particular effort.

1. meaning, intention; wish, desire.
2. particular meaning, distinction, difference.

adhiseti¹adhisayati

pr. 3 sg. lies down on.

adhiseti²adhisseti

pr. 3 sg. has recourse to, resorts to.

is patient, waits; bears patiently, endures; assents, gives in to; accepts (an invitation).

adhiyyatiadhīte

pr. 3 sg. studies; learns by heart; reads.

tending to go downwards (to lower existences)

(while) being a householder, leading a householder’s life

attendance on, or care of, the ritual fire

(from aggi) one who tends the ritual fire

danger from fire.

hut for the (ritual) fire(s).

belonging to a house; living in a house; a householder; a housewife; a lay person

(and ajiyā?) a young she-goat.

as to the intention, state of mind.

one who studies (the Vedas); a studious, learned person, a scholar.

unhealthy; unfit; low in spirits; not sound

ill; not fit.

not ready or fit for any act or use

unpleasant

akappiya¹

mfn. not lawful or acceptable (for bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs); unsuitable, improper

akappiya²

mfn. not to be theorised about; not subject to imaginings

1. not to be done or made; not to be dealt with; what is not to be done.
2. (mfn.) with nothing to do

professing the doctrine that activity is not morally significant or effective; advocating abstention

professing the doctrine that activity is not morally significant or effective; advocating abstention

professing the doctrine that activity is not morally significant or effective; advocating abstention

1. (f.) non-activity; non-performance; abstention (from); failure to act.
2. (f.) the absence of independent activity; the absence of morally significant or morally effective activity

not to be made stiff; not be obstructed or hindered

to be named; to be told, to be expressed; what can be expressed or described, a nameable object

akkhāyati¹

pr. 3 sg.

akkhāyati²

pass. pr. 3 sg. is declared; is called, is stated to be; is named; esp. aggam ~ayati, is called the most excellent

akkosetiakkosayati

pr. 3 sg. scolds, abuses, curses, reviles.

1. (f.) non-activity; non-performance; abstention (from); failure to act.
2. (f.) the absence of independent activity; the absence of morally significant or morally effective activity

associated to what is wrong, with evil or harm

having nothing to fear from anywhere, from any quarter. secure; where there is nothing to fear from any quarter.

not to be done

not wearing a belt

suitable for or worth of the noble ones; truly noble

suitable, fit for marriage

(formally) repudiated; separated, estranged

suitable, adequate for the action

adorned and decorated; fully adorned

comes close to; settles down on; leans against; sticks to, is attached (to, acc. or loc)

comes close to; settles down on; leans against; sticks to, is attached (to, acc. or loc)

made of stone

not having overcome; not having surpassed; not victorious

not having led near; not having brought to; not summoned

lack of penetration; wrong understanding

not thinking it out, not planning

anacchariya¹

mfn. & neuter not marvelous, not surprising; natural; not unusual, unexceptional; a natural thing or occurrence

anacchariya²

mfn. spontaneous, original; not artic …

naturally; not surprisingly

one who does not study (the Vedas)

unsuitable; unbecoming

improper; unsuitable; not in accordance (with)

lack of inherence, lack of propensity

without consequences; not followed up

immeasurable; boundless.

not going away, without aversion

1. (mfn.) belonging to the Ariya people.
2. (mfn. & m.) noble, (sometimes written or scanned anāriya) not of the noble ones; not a noble one; ignoble low; shameless, mean

the way of speaking of the ignoble ones; an ignoble mode of speech

non-transgression; faithfulness.

not to be passed; not to be transgressed (against)

not belonging to oneself

expert, experienced (in); without deficiency.

bad course; misfortune, calamity; loss.

1. not to be led by someone else; not needing guidance from anyone else.
2. whither one cannot be guided by others

in many ways; in a manifold way; with several parallel expressions

putting an end to; destruction

causes to disappear; destroys

disappears; vanishes.

an obstacle, hindrance; danger, accident; (euphemism for) ruin, death.

(~ī)n. causing obstacles; preventing

hinders, prevents (+gen. rei and personae or +acc. personae, loc. rei)

the royal palace, esp. the inner apartments, the harem.

desire to get pupils

within the boundary

anu-aya

masculine

1. lineage, succession; what follows, (logical) connection, inference, consequence.
2. successor, immediate follower

anu-ānayati

pr. 3 sg. leads or brings after oneself; incurs

makes increase, fosters; devotes oneself to; practices

following; attendance.

suitable (for); fit; proper

compassion, kindness, favor

compassion, care

compassion, kindness, favor

compassion, care

sings after; repeats in verse; recites (a text or hymn); praises.

or neuter (being) an offering according to family custom

bends with; conforms to, is in accordance (with, acc. or gen.); sets right, puts in proper order

thanks; expression of appreciation

thanks; expression of appreciation

infers; concludes.

affection, inclination towards; winning over, conciliation.

leading; conciliating; supplicating, persuading.

without a teacher, without a preceptor.

non-existent; is not perceived; is not ascertained.

to every cell; cell by cell.

went round about; went around.

see anupariyāti)

goes round about; goes round after; travels about

going around.

path leading round, an encircling path; a path on a rampart

goes round about; goes round after; travels about

keeps moving on after (another) or in succession; continues, maintains

not going near (to); free from involvement

being given

or ~aṃ ind. (what is) pleasant, flattering; or pleasantly, flatteringly.

flattering; saying (only) pleasant things.

flattering; saying (only) pleasant things.

regular or gradual working.

not taking as one ’s own, not holding on to, not grasping; without support, without dependence

not going near; free from involvement

1. trouble-free; not bringing annoyance.
2. not irritated, at peace; free from trouble or annoyance

recites again; repeats.

(latent) disposition, tendency, propensity, inherence.

goes through, travels about; inspects, supervises; goes along with, escorts

goes through, travels about; inspects, supervises; goes along with, escorts

the supremacy of recollection

causes to be heard; speaks out; proclaims (esp. a kammavācā); presents (someone) for upasampadā; speaks repeatedly (in order to win support)

being proclaimed; being announced

(-ikā)n. not envious; free from jealousy

not envious, not discontent

the miracle of teaching (one of the three marvels of the Buddha).

(-ikā)n. not envious; free from jealousy

not envious, not discontent

incomparable, excellent

causes to go on after, keeps in motion; maintains, continues

thinks or ponders over; meditates upon

gone through, explored; scrutinized

acts in conformity with; follows the rules of, follows

acting in conformity with.

acting in accordance with; acting in conformity.

acts in conformity with; follows the rules of, follows

is searched out, investigated; is examined.

looks round at; surveys

occupying oneself with details or minor characteristics.

occupying oneself with details or minor characteristics.

1. as to detail; in detail.
2. as to the letter, the accurate text (?)

letter by letter.

following; a follower, a vassal

fear of interrogation

being questioned

1. practises, gives oneself up to.
2. questions, examines; calls to account

offering after the example of another.

offering after the example of another.

followed

goes after, follows; goes along through

goes after, follows; goes along through

worthy of approval; allowable

1. lineage, succession; what follows, (logical) connection, inference, consequence.
2. successor, immediate follower

leads or brings after oneself; incurs

following; after; in consequence of

1. not having a teacher; not dependent on an instructor.
2. free from bad influences.

disrespect, disregard; carelessness.

anādiyanta¹

neg. mfn.

anādiyanta²

neg. mfn.

will not come.

the homeless state; homelessness; the life of a wandering ascetic.

of inferior birth; ignoble

energy

1. (mfn.) free from clinging or attachment; free from longing; empty of desire.
2. (m.n.) freedom from clinging or attachment, independence

free from disease.

not following, remaining firm; not subject (to).

failure, lack of approval

in the wrong sphere or place; unsuitably

free from trouble; without distress

not rich; poor; destitute.

soldier, esp. a royal guard or bodyguard

not going near (to); free from involvement

to the left; placed on the left

diminution, decrease; loss, decay; esp. diminution of kamma, decrease of the possibility of rebirth.

leading to diminution

finding delight in diminution

to be honored; deserving respect.

to be respected; deserving honor

to be respected; deserving honor

honors; respects.

is intent; is absorbed (in thought); broods.

1. looks towards; looks back; looks to, considers.
2. looks to for approval, consults; asks permission; asks or takes leave

epileptic

to the left, placed on the left

to the left, placed on the left

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

leans against; has a support in; depends upon.

dismisses; rebukes, reproaches; disparages

to the left; placed on the left

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

(~antī)n. is going away; is retreating.

going away, retreat.

going away; retreating.

makes go, makes retreat; dismisses.

no to be destroyed; invincible

immeasurable; infinite, boundless.

not to be turned or rolled back; not to be black; irresistible

appayati¹

pr. 3 sg. puts in, inserts; fixes on, fastens; directs, turns towards, esp. directs the mind (upon), concentrates, achieves a state of concentration; delivers up, gives; displays …

not to be turned or rolled back; not to be black; irresistible

not to be given up; not causing weariness or satiety.

makes a clapping noise by slapping one’s arm or clapping one’s hands (in pleasure or approbation)

having reached; having attained; having pervaded.

1. going away, departure; loss, decline; moral deterioration; perdition.
2. misfortune; one of four unhappy destinies in saṃsāra.

leading to perdition, to an unhappy state; liable to perdition

knowledge about loss or decline

knowledgeable about loss or decline

1. outlet (for water).
2. cause, occasion of loss or moral deterioration

goes away; departs

had gone away; had retreated.

place in the forest, a forest haunt

1. (mfn.) belonging to the Ariya people.
2. (mfn. & m.) noble, sublime, fine; belonging to the noble ones (used esp. of the Buddha’s teaching and followers, almost = ‘Buddhist’); a noble one (one who …

seeing what belongs to the noble ones, what is noble

reproaching, censuring the noble ones

reproaching, censuring the noble ones

1. (n.) the Ariya language.
2. (mfn.) who is an Ariya, who speaks the Ariya language.

path of the noble ones; the noble path (often – the eightfold path); the noble course (of sotāpatti etc)

truth of the noble ones; a sublime truth

having the (moral) nature of a noble one, of sublime practice

having the (moral) nature of a noble one, of sublime practice

practicing the traditions of the noble ones, belonging to the noble tradition; who recites the Ariyavaṃsa-sutta

tradition of the noble ones; a noble lineage or tradition

mode of life of the noble ones; a sublime state

the way of speaking of the noble ones; a noble mode of speech

noble in conduct

way of living of the noble ones; a sublime state

the region of the Ariyas

not to be angered, not irritable.

mass of sores.

disbelief; lack of faith

sickle and carrying pole or flail

assa¹

masculine a horse; pl. also; cavalry.

assa²

masculine ashes; dust.

assa³

opt. 3 sg. assa + gen. (esp. preceded by siyä), (perhaps) it might occur to…, one …

disbelief; lack of faith

cavalry corps; a body of a horse

living in the hermitage (of).

horse for sale

tasting, tasting with relish, enjoying; taste, flavor; enjoyable taste; enjoyment.

tasting; enjoying; flavor, enjoyable taste.

tastes, tastes with relish; relishes, enjoys, takes pleasure

tastes, tastes with relish; relishes, enjoys, takes pleasure

a thoroughbred horse

a thoroughbred horse

comforting; encouraging.

that (as opposed to ayaṃ); such and such, a certain.

the asura world or sphere; a collective body of asuras.

(sexual) transgression; unfaithfulness.

as regards to belief, view.

atikkāmayatiatikkameti

caus. pr. 3 sg. lets pass, makes pass over, takes over; lets elapse

1. spends (time), lets (time) elapse; lets the time pass.
2. makes pass; makes pass into, leads (someone) into.

1. makes fly through or past.
2. lays low; injures, kills; (and causes (someone) to kill (?)).

causes to injure or kill.

hospitality

presses.

/abl. excessively, very much, especially, much more than’

what leads across, a guide, a conveyance.

abuse, blame, reproach.

(re-)enters.

with oneself as the second; with a companion

causing death to oneself

fear of self-reproach

belonging to one ‘s self one’s own; belonging to an (enduring) self or soul; what belongs to one’s self; what belongs to an (enduring) self or soul.

concerned with one’s own goal

one’s own distress

conduct bringing benefit, helpful conduct; esp. benevolent behavior, helpful advice

having a purpose or goal; useful, proper, fit.

for the benefit of; for the sake of (gen.)

controlled by oneself

illiberal, niggardly.

is left behind; is found wanting

is left behind; is found wanting

broods, mourns

broods, mourns

is conquered; is lost.

looks at, regards; looks back

makes sink down; disheartens, discourages

calls; summons; invokes; challenges; calls back

summoning, invitation; invocation; name.

with non-distracted mind; with mind focused

with non-distracted mind; with mind focused

imperishable; lasting.

(nom. ayo; acc. ayo, ayaṃ; instr. ayasā, ayena; abl. ayasā, ayato) iron; metal.

an iron ball

an iron pot

an iron pot or pan

iron hammer.

an iron bowl

an iron strip or band

(nom. ayo; acc. ayo, ayaṃ; instr. ayasā, ayena; abl. ayasā, ayato) iron; metal.

made of iron

an iron bowl

goes; goes towards; reaches, obtains; reaches (a state); is involved (in)

1. (m.) a lord, master; a worthy person; the venerable sir, (f.) a mistress; a noble lady; the venerable lady.
2. (mfn.) well-born; worthy, venerable.

1. a grandfather; an ancestor.
2. a master

grandmother

young master, the son of the house; a (young) lord; a husband

young lord, a husband

(food) offered to the ancestors

worthy of respectful salutations

the straight course

following a different teaching

belonging to another sec; a non-Buddhist

following a different teaching

following a different teaching

the faculty of knowing

the faculty of (having) complete insight (see *aññatāvin*

proclaims one’s arahatship

made of a sort of cloth from Kāsi (?); (according to commentaries: worth 500)

two and a half

belonging to the Aṭṭhakavagga of the Suttanipāta; (Snp 766–975).

heap of bones

(from aṭṭa) is distressed, pained, disgusted.

courtyard; a cross road; a thoroughfare.

cognizable by the sense organ that is the eye.

the sense-organ that is the eye; the sphere of visual perception.

cakkhūndriya,

neuter the sense faculty that is the eye.

fan or fly-whisk made from a yak’s tail, a chowry.

connected with the town of campā.

, ~a, neuter a stagnant pool; a cesspit; a sewer.

the sun and the moon; the devas of the sun and moon.

of carati

going about, motion; action, performance; deed; behavior, conduct; esp. good conduct.

of cavati

of cavati

of cavati

1. (m.) a mound, a pile; a raised platform; accumulation, assemblage.
2. (mfn.) collecting; having an accumulation (?)

indeclinable (never at beginning of sentence or phrase), if (usually with present indicative or opt., so even for conditions in the past); no ce, if not; yam ce, (after comparative) than; than that.

the encompassing, comprehension, of the thoughts (of others)

the knowledge (that is) encompassing, comprehending, the thoughts (of others)

way of thought; manner of thinking.

beneficial for clearing the thoughts of obstructions.

of ceteti

of ceteti

1. a place or object of veneration, a sanctuary or shrine (near a village), perhaps a sacred tree and mound.
2. a place or object of veneration connected with a Buddha; a funeral monument or thūpa (co …

tree that is an object of veneration, a sacred tree.

belonging to the group of six ( bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs who are represented as continually violating vinaya rules or expected behavior)

on the ground; to the ground.

on the ground; to the ground.

connected with the six spheres of perception.

umbrella; sunshade; a parasol; a parasol erected on a thūpa; a parasol as a sign of sovereignty; esp. as part of the regalia of a king; chattaṃ ussāpetuṃ, to raise the royal parasol (equivalent to …

to be thrown away.

of chaḍḍeti

caused by throwing away.

chaḍḍiya¹

absol. of chaḍḍeti

chaḍḍiya²

fpp. mfn. of chaḍḍeti

to be thrown away.

of chaḍḍeti

of chaṭṭeti

of chedāpeti

of chedāpeti

of chindati

whose movement is destroyed, who is unable to move; a cripple.

chādayati¹

chādayati²

pr. 3 sg.

chādeti¹

covers, covers over; hides, conceals.

chādeti²

pr. 3 sg.

1. seems good (to, dat., sometimes acc.), pleases, is enjoyable (esp. of food)
2. gratifies, pleases.

of chādeti

1. shade; shadow.
2. the shadow (e.g. of a measuring-stick) measuring the time; the length of shadow (at the time of a bhikkhu’s upasampadā)

hisses; fizzes; makes the sound “chit-chit”; makes a hissing sound.

of cinteti

(~ayantī)n. of cinteti

produced by thinking or reflection.

living for a long time; long life.

of cira for a long time

linked to, dependent on the thoughts.

afflicted with delusion of thought.

makes the sound “citi-citi”; sputters, makes a sputtering sound.

of codeti

of codeti

of copeti

by stealing, by robbing; clandestinely.

the bushy tail of the yak used as a fan or fly-whisk, a chowry.

control in regards to the four restraints.

well controlled in regards to the four restraints.

intending or wishing to cause (someone) to fail away (from) or abandon.

of cāveti

, id. proper time when robe material is given.

time for making or working on robes.

robe which has to be handed back; a borrowed robe.

is accumulated; increases.

of dassati

of dassati

of dassati

of dassati

of dassati

of dassati

of dassati

one worthy of a dakkhiṇā, of a gift.

(a creature) living in water.

of dameti

imperat. 2 sg. of dameti

of dameti

kind of grass

excellence of seeing or insight.

to be seen; worth seeing; beautiful.

, compar. more beautiful.

of dasseti

of dasseti

goes.

sympathy; compassion; kindness (towards, usually loc.)

full of compassion and kindness.

dependent on a stick.

of diṭṭha

of deseti

(~ayantī)n. of deseti

of deseti

of deseti

of deseti

deva world or sphere; a collective body of devas.

leading to the world of the devas.

group or assemblage of devas.

leading to the devas.

to be given; there must be giving; a gift.

fee; a gift; something (suitable) to give.

1. 1. how the world of experience works, the processes by which it works and is explained (especially as formulated in cattāri ariyasaccānī and paṭiccasamuppāda), and the possibility and way of transc …

right understanding of dhamma.

right action, virtuous behavior.

veneration of dhamma.

(one) who has a body which is dhamma.

1. a portion of dhamma; an element of practice; a portion of the teaching.
2. one of the collections making up the Khuddakanikāya of the Pāḷi canon.

learning the dhamma, mastering the teachings.

method of teaching dhamma; an exposition of dhamma.

discrimination of dhammas; discernment of dhamma (one of the seven bojjhaṅgas)

(one) who offers dhamma.

(one) who offers dhamma.

acting in accordance with dhamma, with the rule.

1. (n.) control by dhamma.
2. (mfn.) with dhamma as controlling influence.

the object that is a mental construct.

money and grain.

desires, wishes for.

of dhovati

regular gift of rice gruel.

belonging to a fixed place.

grain; corn.

1. being held; being held over, standing over, sheltering.
2. with something held over one; sheltered (?)

of dhareti is carried; is held

smoking, smoldering; pondering.

1. smokes; smolders; clouds over.
2. burns; ponders; is vexed.

of dhūmāyati

divine; heavenly; belonging to gods; supernatural; magical, marvelous

rest, sleep in the daytime; a siesta.

one and a half

following views.

an inherent tendency to (false) views; persistent (wrong) views.

entailing feelings of dejection.

being a cause of dejection.

the sensation faculty of dejection; unhappiness.

producing ill-will or hostility; causing anger.

feebleness; unfitness.

hard to drive away or dispel.

of both kinds.

as well (?)

hard to tame or manage.

hard to conquer; hard to win

set of two, a collection of two, a dyad; a section consisting of sets of two.

1. (mfn. and n.) wrongly or wickedly done; badly made; badly arranged; what is wrongly done; an evil or wrong action.
2. (n.) a particular classification of (vinaya) offense.

the cause, origin, of dukkha.

entailing painful or unpleasant feelings or experiences.

the removal of dukkha.

the faculty of pain, of distress.

resulting in pain or distress; in dukkha.

(who) is named after a tree.

hard to infer or interpret.

difficult to restrain; hard to hold back.

hard to attack, unassailable.

hard to pierce, to tear apart.

hard to answer or refute; hard to argue with.

hard to get rid of.

hard to dispel, get rid of.

difficult to overcome; hard to get beyond or crossover

1. hard to accomplish; difficult to find out, to fathom; hard to follow.
2. intractable (?)

hard to protect or guard.

difficult to heal.

hard to convince; hard to make believe.

hard to raise.

bad conduct; unwholesome doing.

, m.f. (mfn.)

1. the second; a second; the next; a second kind of.
2. the other, another; a further.
3. (m.f.) a companion; a fellow.

(-ikā)n. & m.f.

1. (mfn.) a second; a further.
2. (m.f.) (being) a companion.

adverb a second time, further.

(one) belonging to a second, another, family.

adverb a second time; again.

, m.f.

hard to satisfy.

, m.f.

difficult to teach.

hard to calm; hard to settle.

1. (mfn.) twofold, double, of two kinds.
2. (n.)
   1. a pair, two things.
   2. double meaning, falsehood, duplicity.

involving a double meaning or falsehood.

involving a double meaning or falsehood.

doing both (good and bad actions)

doing both (good and bad actions)

the being of two parts; a pair.

sexual intercourse.

adverb of dvaya in two ways; as of two kinds

dyad; pair; couple.

poverty; need.

slavery; servitude; the condition of being a slave.

forest; a park.

1. (n.) inheritance.
2. (m.) an heir.

(-ikā)n. & m.f. who gives, bestows; a donor, a benefactor.

the keeper or guardian of a park.

one who inherits; an heir.

an heir.

an heiress.

the group of long discourses (one of the divisions of the Suttapiṭaka of the Pāḷi canon)

adverb for a long time.

of dīyati being given

gives; makes a gift; yields; applies.

of dīyati

errand; commission; carrying of messages; a message; messages.

num. & mfn.

1. 1. one; only one; a single; one of two or many.
   2. one only, one and the same.
   3. (indefinite:) one, a certain; a, an.

2. alone; solitary.

3. one and only, unique; preeminent. 4 …

going about or living alone, solitariness; a solitary life