Szótár
(Letölthető rövid segédanyag: Páli-Magyar Szójegyzék)
aṭṭhi, 614 találat.
atthi →
ncped
- is exists; is found.
- is of, belongs to (gen.).
- as auxiliary verb with pp.
- atthi is frequently used (usually at the beginning of a clause), with sg. or pi. subject (even with 1 sg. or 2sg.) …
aṭṭhi →
ncped
bone.
atthi →
pts
to be, to exist.
pres Ind. 1st sg. asmi Snp.1120, Snp.1143; Ja.i.151; Ja.iii.55 and amhi MN.i.429; Snp.694; Ja.ii.153; Pv.i.10#2; Pv.ii.8#2.
■ 2 …
aṭṭhi →
pts
…aṭṭhika*˚] a chain of bones, i.e. a skeleton Dhp-a.iii.479; Pv-a.152 *…
aciravatī →
dppn
A river, the modern Rāpti in Uttar Pradesh; one of the pañca-mahānadī, Vin.ii.237 the five great rivers flowing from the Himālaya eastwards (pācīnaninnā) SN.v.39 into the sea. During the hot seas …
addhakāsī →
dppn
A prostitute in Rājagaha who entered the Order of the bhikkhunis. Wishing to obtain the higher ordination from the Buddha, she set out for Sāvatthī, but was waylaid and stopped by libertines. So she s …
adhimutta →
dppn
A Brahmin of Sāvatthī. A verse addressed by him to some corpulent monks is found in the Theragāthā. Thag.114
aggikabhāradvāja →
dppn
Aggikabhāradvāja1AggikaBhāradvāja
A brahmin of Sāvatthī, of the Bhāradvāja clan. The Buddha, while on his rounds, sees him tending the fire and preparing oblations, and stands for alms in …
ahiṃsakabhāradvāja →
dppn
AhiṃsakabhāradvājaAhiṃsakaBhāradvāja
One of the Bhāradvāja brothers. He came to the Buddha at Sāvatthī and the Buddha suggested to him the desirability of living up to his name by practising ahiṃsā. …
ambagāma →
dppn
One of the villages near Vesāli visited by the Buddha on his last tour D.ii.123. It was between Bhandagāma and Bhoganagara, on the road from Vesāli to Kusināra. This was evidently the road which led f …
ambalaṭṭhikā →
dppn
…Buddha’s sermons in Ambalaṭṭhikā seems to have been the Ambalaṭṭhikā-Rāhulovāda Sutta. MN.i.414ff. From the context it appears as…
andhavana →
dppn
A grove to the south of Sāvatthī, one gāvuta away from the city. It was well guarded and monks and nuns used to resort there in search of solitude. The Bhikkhunī Saṃyutta contains stories of nuns wh …
anuruddha →
dppn
First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …
anāthapiṇḍika →
dppn
A banker (seṭṭhi) of Sāvatthī who became famous because of his unparalleled generosity to the Buddha. His first meeting with the Buddha was during the first year after the Enlightenment, in Rājagaha …
aputtaka →
dppn
A wealthy burgess of Sāvatthī who died intestate. In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.89–91 we find Pasenadi, King of Kosala, visiting the Buddha at noonday and telling him that he had just finished having th …
aranemi →
dppn
A brahmin teacher of a past age, given in a list of six teachers, who were purohitas. AN.iii.373 The others were Sunetta, Mūgapakkha, Kuddālaka, Hatthipāla and Jotipāla. In the Aṅguttara AN.iv.135f. …
assajipunabbasukā →
dppn
The followers of Assaji and Punabbasu. They lived in Kīṭāgiri, between Sāvatthī and Ālavi, and were guilty of various evil practices. They used to grow flowers, make wreaths and garlands, and send the …
assalāyana →
dppn
A young brahmin, sixteen years old, of Sāvatthī, very learned in the Vedas and allied subjects. Five hundred brahmins staying in the city asked him to hold a discussion with the Buddha and refute his …
avanti →
dppn
One of the four great monarchies in the time of the Buddha, the other three being Māgadha, Kosala and Vaṃsa (or Vatsa). Avanti is also mentioned among the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN. …
aṅgulimāla →
dppn
AṅgulimālaAhiṃsakaGaggaMantāniputta
A robber and murderer who was converted by the Buddha in the twentieth year of his ministry, and who later became an arahant. MN86
As a result of his deeds whole …
bhaddā →
dppn
Bhaddā1
Wife of King Muṇḍa. At her death the king placed her body in a vessel of oil and mourned for her until his friend Piyaka took him to Nārada Thera at the Kukkuṭārāma, and there made …
bhaggā →
dppn
The name of a tribe and a country, the capital of which was Suṃsumāragiri. The Bhagga country lay between Vesāli and Sāvatthī.
The Buddha went there several times in the course of his wanderings AN.i …
bhañña →
dppn
The word occurs in the compound Ukkalā-Vassa-Bhaññā, SN.iii.73 MN.iii.78 AN.ii.31 a group described as ahetuvādā, akiriyavādā, natthikavāda, but who, nevertheless, agreed that the khandhas m …
bhaṇḍagāma →
dppn
A Vajjian village between Vesāli and Hatthigāma and near the former.
The Buddha visited it during his last tour, and while there he talked to the monks on four conditions, which lead to Nibbāna. DN.i …
bhāradvāja →
dppn
Bhāradvāja1
A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the heroic roar of the conquerors. Thag.177–178
Bhāradvāja2
He was the eldest of a clan of Bhāradvājas living in Rājagaha a …
bimbisāra →
dppn
BimbisāraSeniya
King of Māgadha and patron of the Buddha.
According to the Pabbajā Sutta Snp.405ff. the first meeting between the Buddha and Bimbisāra took place in Rājagaha under the Paṇḍavapabba …
brahmadeva →
dppn
The son of a brahmin woman. Having joined the Order, he dwelt in solitude and became an arahant. One day he went to Sāvatthī for alms, and, in due course, arrived at his mother’s house. She was in the …
bāhiya →
dppn
Bāhiya1Dārucīriya
As an ascetic, he came himself to believe that he had attained arahantship, but a devatā, reading his thoughts and wishing him well, pointed out to him his error and ad …
bārānasī →
dppn
BārānasīBenares
The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …
bāvarī →
dppn
A brahmin ascetic who went from Sāvatthī to Dakkhiṇāpatha and lived on the banks of the Godhāvarī in a hermitage which lay half in the territory of Assaka and half in that of Alaka.
He received the r …
cakkavatti →
dppn
A World ruler. The world itself means “Turner of the Wheel,” the Wheel (Cakka) being the well known Indian symbol of empire. More than one thousand sons are his; his dominions extend throughout the …
candanaṅgalika →
dppn
A lay-disciple of the Buddha in Sāvatthī. He was present when five rājās, including Pasenadi, visited the Buddha and asked him which was the highest sensual pleasure. When the Buddha had answered the …
caṇḍa →
dppn
A headman of Sāvatthī. He came to see the Buddha at Jetavana and asked him why some people earned the reputation of being wrathful and others of being kindly. The Buddha explained that the one man giv …
channa →
dppn
Channa1
A Wanderer, classed among those who wore clothes. He is only mentioned once, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, AN.iii.215 where we are told that he visited Ānanda at Sāvatthī and asked him …
citta →
dppn
Citta1
A householder of Macchikāsaṇḍa, where he was Treasurer. He was later declared by the Buddha to be pre-eminent among laymen who preached the Doctrine. AN.i.26
When Mahānāma visited …
cūḷapanthaka →
dppn
An eminent arahant, declared chief among monks skilled in creating forms by mind-power and in mental “evolution” (cetovivaṭṭa). AN.i.23
His Theragathā verses speak of how slow his progress was in …
devahita →
dppn
A brahmin of Sāvatthī. Once when the Buddha was ill with cramp and desired hot water Upavāna obtained from Devahita hot water and molasses, which he sent on a pingo by a serving man. Hot fomentations …
dīghalaṭṭhi →
dppn
A devaputta who once visited the Buddha at the Kalandakanivāpa in Veḷuvana and spoke a verse. SN.i.52
gaṇaka-moggallāna →
dppn
Gaṇaka-Moggallāna
A brahmin teacher of Sāvatthī. He visited the Buddha at the Pubbārāma, and the Buddha preached to him the Gaṇaka-Moggallāna Sutta, after which, it is said, he became the Buddha’s …
hatthigāmaka →
dppn
A village on the road from Vesāli to Bhoganagara. It was the residence of Ugga-gahapati and is described as a village of the Vajjians.
The Buddha stayed there and was visited by Ugga. AN.iv.212 SN.i …
hatthipāla →
dppn
A teacher of old, with a following of many hundred disciples to whom he taught the way to union with Brahmā. AN.iii.371 AN.ii.373 AN.iv.135
isidāsa →
dppn
A thera. He had a brother, also a monk, named Isibhatta. Having spent the rainy season in Sāvatthī, they went to take up their abode in a certain village. The people there gave them food and robes, bu …
isipatana →
dppn
IsipatanaMigadayaDeer Park
An open space near Benares, the site of the famous Migadāya or Deer Park. It was eighteen leagues from Uruvelā, and when Gotama gave up his austere penances his friends, th …
jetavana →
dppn
JetavanaJeta’s GroveAnāthapiṇḍaka’s ParkAnāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmaAnāthapiṇḍada’s Park
A park in Sāvatthī, in which was built the Anāthapiṇḍikārāma. When the Buddha accepted Anāthapiṇḍika’s invitation to …
jāṇussoṇi →
dppn
A great brahmin, ranking with eminent brahmins such as Caṅkī, Tārukkha, Pokkharasāti and Todeyya. Snp.p.115 He is mentioned as staying in Icchānaṅgala, MN.ii.196 where he evidently took part in the pe …
kaccāna →
dppn
Kaccāna1
See Mahā-Kaccāna, Pakudha-Kaccāna, Pubba-Kaccāna, Sambula-Kaccāna, Sabhiya-Kaccāna, etc. See also Kaccāyana.
Kaccāna or Kaccāyana is the name of a family, the Kaccānagotta. …
kapilavatthu →
dppn
A city near the Himalaya, capital of the Sākiyan republic. The administration and judicial business of the city and all other matters of importance were discussed and decided in the Santhāgārasālā. DN …
khemā →
dppn
Khemā
An arahant, chief of the Buddha’s women disciples for her great wisdom. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verses depict her being described as beautiful, but rejecting the pleasures of the senses. Thig.13 …
khāṇumata →
dppn
…presented to Kūṭadanta by Bimbisāra. The Buddha once stayed there at the Ambalaṭṭhikā pleasance, and there he preached the…
kosala →
dppn
Kosala1
A country inhabited by the Kosalans, to the north-west of Māgadha and next to Kāsī. It is mentioned second in the list of sixteen Great Nations.AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 In the Buddha’s …
kosambī →
dppn
The capital of the Vatsas or Vaṃsas. In the time of the Buddha its king was Parantapa, and after him reigned his son Udena. Kosambī was evidently a city of great importance at the time of the Buddha f …
kāsi →
dppn
KāsiKāsikaKāsigāmaKāsinigama
One of the sixteen Great Nations, AN.i.213 its capital being Bārāṇasī.
At the time of the Buddha, it had been absorbed into the kingdom of Kosala, and Pasenadi was king …
kāḷī →
dppn
Kāḷī1Kururagharikā
Described among laywomen as the best of those who believe even from hearsay. AN.i.26 A conversation between her and Mahā Kaccāna is related, where she asks him for a det …
kīṭāgiri →
dppn
A village of the Kāsis, on the road from Kāsi to Sāvatthī. It was the headquarters of the followers of Assaji and Punabbasu, who lived there, behaving in a shameless and wicked manner. A certain monk, …
laṭṭhivana →
dppn
LaṭṭhivanaLatthivanaLatthivanuyyāna
A grove to the southwest of Rājagaha. In it was the Supatiṭṭha cetiya, where the Buddha stayed during…
lomasakaṅgiya →
dppn
A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that, thrusting aside grasses with his chest, he will seek seclusion. Thag.27
According to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lom …
mahesā →
dppn
MahesāMāhissati
A city in the Buddha’s day, mentioned as lying on the route from Bāvari’s hermitage to Sāvatthī. Snp.1011
According to the Mahāgovinda Sutta DN.ii.220.ff. it was the capital of Ava …
mahākoṭṭhita →
dppn
MahākoṭṭhitaMahākotthitaKoṭṭhitaKotthita
One of the foremost disciples of the Buddha, ranked foremost among masters of analytical knowledge. AN.i.24 His Theragāthā verse speaks of contentment and sha …
mallikāya ārāma →
dppn
Mallikāya ārāmaMallikārāma
A park in Sāvatthī belonging to Queen Mallikā. DN.i.178 MN.ii.22
27.50735, 82.074733park
migāra →
dppn
A rich man of Sāvatthī. Ugga, Pasenadi’s minister, mentions him during a visit to the Buddha and remarks on his immense wealth. But the Buddha reminds him that Migāra’s treasure is not real treasure i …
migāramātupāsāda →
dppn
The name given to the monastery erected by Visākhā Migāramātā in the Pubbārāma, to the east of Sāvatthī. It is said that, one day, when Visākhā had gone to the monastery to hear the Dhamma and afterwa …
māgadha →
dppn
…Macala, Matula, Ambalaṭṭhikā, Pāṭaligāma, NāIandā and SāIindiya.
Māgadha is identified with the modern South Behar.
24.72687,…
mānatthaddha →
dppn
Mānatthaddha1
A brahmin of Sāvatthī who, because of his great pride respected no one. One day he came upon the Buddha preaching to a large crowd of people and stood near, on one side. The …
nandaka →
dppn
Nandaka1
Once, at the Buddha’s request, he preached a sermon to the nuns; on the first day they became sotāpannas, and, on the second, five hundred of them attained arahantship. MN.iii.270 …
nandana →
dppn
Nandana1
A devaputta who visited the Buddha at Sāvatthī and asked him questions regarding virtue, wisdom, etc. The Buddha answered them, and he went away satisfied. SN.i.62
Nandana …
nandiya →
dppn
Nandiya1
He belonged to a Sākiyan family of Kapilavatthu, and was called Nandiya because his birth brought bliss. He left the world at the same time as Anuruddha, Kimbila and the others, a …
nādikā →
dppn
…along that road—Ambalaṭṭhikā, Nāḷandā, Pāṭaligāma, Koṭigāma, Nādikā, Vesāli, Bhaṇḍagāma, Hatthigāma, Ambagāma,…
nāgavana →
dppn
A park near Hatthigāma, belonging to Uggagahapati. It was there that he first met the Buddha and was converted. AN.iv.213
26.38202, 84.840543park
nāḷandā →
dppn
…passed through Ambalaṭṭhikā, DN.ii.81 Vin.ii.287 and from Nāḷandā it went on to Pāṭaligāma. DN.ii.84 Between Rājagaha and…
okkāka →
dppn
A king, ancestor of the Sākyas and the Kolians.
In the Ambaṭṭha Sutta DN.i.92 it is stated that Okkāka, being fond of his queen and wishing to transfer the kingdom to her son, banished from the kingd …
paribbājakā →
dppn
Wanderer. The name given to some of the ascetics and recluses of the Buddha’s time. They were not exclusively brahmin. Their presence seems to have been recognized and respected from earlier times. Ge …
patiṭṭhāna →
dppn
The capital of Aḷaka, the first place to be passed by Bāvarī’s disciples on their way to Sāvatthī. Snp.1011 It is identified with the Baithana or Paitana of Ptolemy.
19.482129,75.3808592town
pilotika →
dppn
A wanderer. Jāṇussoṇi once met him returning from Jetavana, where he had gone early to wait on the Buddha. Pilotika, on being questioned, spoke very highly of the Buddha. It is this conversation which …
piṅgalakoccha →
dppn
A brahmin of Sāvatthī. He visited the Buddha at Jetavana and the Buddha preached to him the Cūḷasāropama Sutta, at the end of which he declared himself the Buddha’s follower. MN.i.198ff.
piṅgiya →
dppn
Nephew and pupil of Bāvarī. At the time that he visited the Buddha with the other disciples he was 120 years old and very feeble. At the end of his discussion with the Buddha, as recorded in the Piṅgi …
poṭṭhapāda →
dppn
A wanderer. A discussion between him and the Buddha on samādhi and on the soul, which took place in Mallikārāma in Sāvatthī, is reported in the Poṭṭhapāda Sutta. Poṭṭhapāda, accepting the Buddha’s v …
pubbakoṭṭhakā →
dppn
A bathing place in Sāvatthī, near the Migāramātupāsāda, and therefore to the east of the city. Mention is made AN.iii.345 of the Buddha having bathed there. It was evidently extensive, for Pasenadi’s …
pubbārāma →
dppn
A monastery outside the eastern gate of Sāvatthī.
27.52532, 82.089843monastery
pālileyya →
dppn
PālileyyaPārileyyaPārileyyaka
A town near Kosambī. When the Buddha found that he could not persuade the Kosambī monks to refrain from quarrelling, he left Kosambī alone and unattended, and passing th …
raṭṭhapāla →
dppn
Chief of those who had left the world through faith. AN.i.24 He was born at Thullakoṭṭhita in the Kuru country as the son of a very wealthy councillor and was called by his family name of Raṭṭhapāla. …
rāhula →
dppn
…preached to him the Ambalaṭṭhikā Rāhulovāda Sutta as a warning that he should never lie, even in fun. Rāhula used to accompany the…
rājagaha →
dppn
…along that road—Ambalaṭṭhikā, Nāḷandā, Pāṭaligāma, Koṭigāma, Nādikā, Vesāli, Bhaṇḍagāma, Hatthigāma, Ambagāma,…
saddhā →
dppn
An upāsikā of Sāvatthī. Thinking that to allow a monk to have intercourse with her would be the highest gift, she accosted a monk and offered herself. The offer was, however, refused. Vin.iii.39
sakka →
dppn
SakkaVatrabhūVāsavaMaghavāMāghaPurindadaSahassakkhaSahassanettaSujampatiKosiya
Almost always spoken of as chief of the devas. The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.229 contains a list of his names.
- Maghavā, be …
samīti →
dppn
A waggon builder of Sāvatthī. In the Aṅgaṇa Sutta, Moggallāna tells Sāriputta how he once saw Samīti shaping a felloe; by his side, Paṇḍuputta was watching, wishing that Samiti might shape the felloe …
sañjaya →
dppn
…of the six famous heretical teachers of the Buddha’s day. He was a great skeptic, his teaching…
saṅgārava →
dppn
A very learned brahmin of Candalakappa. One day he saw Dhānañjānī trip up, and heard her exclaim three times, “Glory to the Buddha, the arahant, the all enlightened.” He blamed her for thus extolling …
saṅkassa →
dppn
A city, thirty leagues from Sāvatthī. During the Vajjiputta controversy, Revata Thera, on his way from Soreyya to Sahājāti, went through Saṅkassa. The road he took passed through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, …
setabyā →
dppn
SetabyāSetavyā
A town in Kosala, DN.ii.316 near which was Ukkaṭṭha.
The Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.ii.37 records a conversation between the Buddha and the brahmin Doṇa, whom the Buddha met on the road from …
seyyasaka →
dppn
A monk of Sāvatthī who was found guilty of various Vinaya offences, and was therefore subjected to the Nissayakamma. Udāyī (Lāludāyi) was his friend and his evil genius. Vin.iii.110f.
subha →
dppn
Subha1
A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70
Subha2TodeyyaputtaBhāradvāja
A young brahman student. He once visited the Buddha in Sāvatthī, asking him various questions. The interview is …
sudhamma →
dppn
Sudhamma1
He lived in Macchikāsaṇḍa, in a monastery (the Ambātakārāma) provided by Citta. Citta used to invite Sudhamma to his house for meals. One day Sāriputta, at the head of several em …
suppatiṭṭha cetiya →
dppn
Suppatiṭṭha CetiyaSupatiṭṭhacetiya
A shrine near the Latthivanuyyāna in Rājagaha. Vin.i.35
near the Latthivanuyyāna3shrine
suppiya →
dppn
…these two, in the Ambalaṭṭhikā park, regarding the virtues of the Buddha, his Dhamma and his Order, which led to the preaching of the…
sutanu →
dppn
A stream at Sāvatthī. Anuruddha is mentioned as having stayed near by. SN.v.297
Sāvatthī3river
sāketa →
dppn
A town in Kosala. It was regarded in the Buddha’s time as one of the six great cities of India, the others being Campā, Rājagaha, Sāvatthī, Kosambī and Benares. DN.ii.146 In the Vinaya Vin.i.253 howev …
sāvatthī →
dppn
The capital city of Kosala in India and one of the six great Indian cities during the lifetime of the Buddha. DN.ii.147 It was six leagues from Sāketa. Vin.i.253 It was on the banks of the Aciravatī.V …
tagarasikhī →
dppn
A Pacceka Buddha, MN.iii.69 third among the five hundred sons of Padumavatī, all of whom became Pacceka Buddhas. Suppabuddha, a banker of Rājagaha, having seen the Pacceka Buddha on his way to a park, …
tissa →
dppn
Tissa1
One of the two chief disciples of Vipassī Buddha. DN.ii.4
Tissa2
A monk who was reborn as a Brahmā with great iddhi-powers. Moggallāna visited him soon after his bir …
toraṇavatthu →
dppn
A locality in Kosala, between Sāvatthī and Sāketa. Pasenadi once stopped there and visited Khemā, who lived there. SN.iv.374
27.145923,82.1255492town
tāyana →
dppn
A devaputta. He visited the Buddha at Sāvatthī and uttered certain verses in the hearing of the monks, telling of the necessity of following the recluse’s calling with energy and sincerity. After hi …
udaya →
dppn
Udaya1
A brahmin of Sāvatthī. One day the Buddha came to his house and he filled the Buddha’s bowl with the food prepared for his own use. Three days in succession the Buddha came, and Uda …
udāyī →
dppn
Udāyī1LāludāyīPaṇḍita Udāyī
There were at least two monks called Udāyī, and it is not always possible to be sure which one is meant. When the Buddha preached the Nāgopama Sutta, AN.iii.344 …
ugga →
dppn
He once visited the Buddha and told him how he rivalled in power and wealth the seṭṭhi Migāra, grandson of Rohana. He was worth one hundred thousand in gold alone, to say nothing of silver. The Buddha …
uggāhamāna →
dppn
UggāhamānaSamaṇamaṇḍikāputtaSamaṇamuṇḍikāputta
A Paribbājaka. Once when he was staying near Sāvatthī in Mallikā’s pleasance at the Samayappavādaka hall, the carpenter, Pañcakaṅga, on his way to see t …
ujjenī →
dppn
The capital of Avanti. In the Buddha’s time, Caṇḍapajjota Vin.i.276 was king of Ujjenī and there was friendly intercourse between that city and Māgadha, whose king was Seniya Bimbisāra. After Bimbisār …
ukkalā →
dppn
A district identified with modern Orissa. The merchants Tapussa and Bhalluka were on the way from Ukkalā, when they visited the Buddha shortly after his Awakening, near Uruvelā, and offered food to hi …
upananda →
dppn
Upananda1
A monk, belonging to the Sākyan clan, who was known for his greed in procuring requisites. Several incidents connected with him are mentioned in the Vinaya. Once he promised to s …
uttarāpatha →
dppn
The northern division of Jambudīpa. Its boundaries are nowhere explicitly stated in Pāḷi literature. Perhaps Uttarāpatha was originally the name of a great trade-route, the northern high road which e …
uṇṇābha →
dppn
A brahmin. He once visited the Buddha at Sāvatthī and asked him whether the five sense-faculties, which were of different scope and range, had any common ground of resort. The Buddha replies that the …
vacchagotta →
dppn
A wanderer who later became an arahant Thera. Several conversations he had with the Buddha are mentioned in the books. For details see the Tevijja Vacchagotta-, Aggi Vacchagotta-, Mahā Vacchagotta- …
vajirā →
dppn
Vajirā2
The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.134f. relates that one day, when she was meditating in Andhavana at Sāvatthī, Māra questioned her as to the origin of a “being”, its creator, its origin, …
vajjī →
dppn
The name of a country and of its people. It was one of the sixteen Great Nations. The inhabitants appear to have consisted of several confederate clans of whom the Licchavī and the Videhā were the chi …
vanasavhaya →
dppn
VanasavhayaVanasaVanasāvhayaTumbavanagaraPavanaVanasāvatthī
A city lying between Vedisa and Kosambī, on the road taken by Bāvarī’s disciples. Snp.1011
24.69943,80.1727292town
vedehikā →
dppn
A lady of Sāvatthī who had a reputation for gentleness till her servant girl, Kāḷī, convinced people that it was not deserved. MN.i.125f.
verañjā →
dppn
A town in which the Buddha once spent the rainy season at the invitation of the brahmin Verañja. Verañja visits the Buddha at the foot of the Naḷerupucimanda, where he is staying, and asks him a serie …
veḷuvana →
dppn
Veḷuvana1Veṇuvana
A park near Rājagaha, the pleasure garden of Bimbisāra. When the Buddha first visited Rājagaha, after his Enlightenment, he stayed at the Latthivanuyyāna. Vin.i.35 The da …
visākhā →
dppn
Visākhā1
. Thig.13
Visākhā2
The chief among the female lay disciples of the Buddha and declared by him to be foremost among those who ministered to the Order. AN.i.26 She is c …
yasadatta →
dppn
While journeying in the company of Sabhiya, he came to Sāvatthī, where he was present at the discussion between Sabhiya and the Buddha. It was his purpose to try and discover flaws in the Buddha’s arg …
ārohanta →
dppn
One of the chief ministers at Sāvatthī. He joined the Order of monks and his wife became a nun. They had their meals together and she waited on him, fetching him water and fanning him. He forbade her …
ārāmadaṇḍa →
dppn
A brahmin. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was staying at Vāraṇā on the banks of the Kaddamadaha, Ārāmadaṇḍa came to see him and asked him why nobles quarrelled with nobles, brahmins with brahmins, and househo …
ātumā →
dppn
A town that lay between Kusinārā and Sāvatthī. Once the Buddha, with a large company of bhikkhus, visited the town. At that time there dwelt in it a monk who had been ordained late in life and had for …
āḷavī →
dppn
Āḷavī1
A town between Sāvatthī and Rājagaha. The Buddha goes from Sāvatthī to Kīṭāgiri, thence to Āḷavī, and finally, to Rājagaha. The Buddha, on several occasions, stayed at Āḷavī at the …
abhipatthita →
ncped
longed for, desires
adhipatthita →
ncped
desire, wished; longed for.
ajjasaṭṭhim →
ncped
since six days ago, for six days
anatthika →
ncped
not wanting, not caring for (+ instr.); unconcerned
anavaṭṭhita →
ncped
unsteady; not lasting
anukkaṭṭhita →
ncped
not boiling
anupaṭṭhita →
ncped
asatthika →
ncped
not traveling with a company or caravans.
attatthiya →
ncped
concerned with one’s own goal
atthika →
ncped
atthika1
mfn. desiring, wanting (instr.); aiming at, having as purpose (instr.); in need (of, instr.).
atthika2
mfn. who believes in the existence (of merit, another world, etc).
atthikava →
ncped
wanting something; having a purpose
atthikavat →
ncped
wanting something; having a purpose
atthikavāda →
ncped
- (m.) the doctrine that (merit, another world, etc) exists.
- (mfn.) following, professing that doctrine
atthin →
ncped
- is exists; is found.
- is of, belongs to (gen.).
- as auxiliary verb with pp.
- atthi is frequently used (usually at the beginning of a clause), with sg. or pi. subject (even with 1 sg. or 2sg.) …
atthisukha →
ncped
delighting in possessing something, in the existence of something.
atthitā →
ncped
existence; being; reality.
atthiya →
ncped
having a purpose or goal; useful, proper, fit.
avatthita →
ncped
standing firmly; placed; steady; continuing; lasting
avaṭṭhita →
ncped
standing firmly; placed; steady; continuing; lasting
avaṭṭhiti →
ncped
firm position; steadiness, stability
añña-d-atthika →
ncped
añña-d-atthika
mfn. having another object or purpose
aṭṭhasaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. sixty eight
aṭṭhasaṭṭhiṃ →
ncped
num. (same as aṭṭhasaṭṭhi)
aṭṭhicchida →
ncped
breaker of bones
aṭṭhicchinna →
ncped
one who breaks bones (?); one with broken bones (?)
aṭṭhika →
ncped
- a bone.
- a stone or seed (of a fruit).
aṭṭhikasañña →
ncped
the idea of bones, contemplation of the skeleton (as a meditation exercise).
aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikā →
ncped
chain of bones; a skeleton
aṭṭhikaṅkāla →
ncped
collection of bones; a skeleton
aṭṭhila →
ncped
bone (or small pebble) used for massage.
aṭṭhimiñjā →
ncped
bone marrow
aṭṭhisañcaya →
ncped
heap of bones
aṭṭhisañña →
ncped
the idea of bones; contemplation of the bones
aṭṭhisaṅkalikā →
ncped
chain of bones, a skeleton
aṭṭhitaca →
ncped
skin and bones
aṭṭhittaca →
ncped
skin and bones
aṭṭhīkatvā →
ncped
aṭṭhīkatvāaṭṭhikatvāna
ind. making something one’s aim or object; paying attention.
catusaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. sixty four.
chavaṭṭhika →
ncped
bone of a corpse.
ciraṭṭhitika →
ncped
enduring for a long time; long-lived; enduring for a longer time.
corapaccatthika →
ncped
hostile bandit; a thief who is an enemy.
dussapallaṭṭhikā →
ncped
posture held with the help of a cloth.
dvaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. (according to commentary) sixty two.
dvāsaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. sixty two.
ekasaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. 61
etadatthiya →
ncped
having this purpose; useful for this
idam-atthika →
ncped
idam-atthika
mfn. being for this purpose
idam-atthitā →
ncped
idam-atthitā
feminine abstr. needing (only) this; requiring the minimum
idam-aṭṭhitā →
ncped
idam-aṭṭhitā
feminine abstr. needing (only) this; requiring the minimum
kappaṭṭhika →
ncped
existing for an eon; with effect for an eon
kappaṭṭhiya →
ncped
existing for an eon; with effect for an eon
katthi →
ncped
boasting; boastful.
katthin →
ncped
boasting; boastful.
katthita →
ncped
one who boasts; a boaster.
katthitar →
ncped
one who boasts; a boaster.
kaṭaṭṭhika →
ncped
the hip bone
kaṭṭhissa →
ncped
silken covering embroidered with jewels.
kimatthiya →
ncped
whit what purpose?to what end? of what use?
kolaṭṭhi →
ncped
the stone or kernel of the jujube fruit
natthi →
ncped
indeclinable it is not; there is not.
natthika →
ncped
an unbeliever (in the existence or efficacy of good conduct, in the existence of another world, etc); a skeptic.
natthikavāda →
ncped
professing the doctrine of an unbeliever.
natthitā →
ncped
non-existence; absence.
nānā atthi →
ncped
is separated; is different, is distinct.
supaṭṭhita →
ncped
properly at hand; very much present
sūpaṭṭhita →
ncped
properly at hand; very much present
tesaṭṭhi →
ncped
num. sixty three.
ukkaṭṭhita →
ncped
boiled up; seething.
upaṭṭhita →
ncped
- (act.) come near, approached; arrived, present, at hand; serving, attending; dedicated.
- (pass.) served, attended
uppalagandhapaccatthika →
ncped
an enemy who is an “uppalagandha” robber (?)
āhāraṭṭhika →
ncped
dependent upon food or sustenance
ūraṭṭhika →
ncped
the thighbones
absence →
nyana
Absence: natthi - Paccaya, is one of the 24 conditions paccaya,.
atthi-paccaya →
nyana
Atthi-paccaya: Presence, is one of the 24 conditional relations paccaya.
consciousness: viññāna →
nyana
[[consciousness: viññāna]]Consciousness: viññāna see: khandha citta mano q v - Moment of °: citta-kkhana Contemplation of °: cittānupassanā: satipatthāna - Materiality produced by °: *c …
paccaya →
nyana
Paccaya: ‘condition’, is something on which something else, the so-called ‘conditioned thing’, is dependent, and without which the latter cannot be. Many are the ways in which one thing, or one o …
paticcasamuppāda →
nyana
Paticcasamuppāda: ‘dependent origination’, is the doctrine of the conditionality of all physical and psychical phenomena, a doctrine which, together with that of impersonality anattā, forms the …
punabbhava →
nyana
Punabbhava: lit.: re-becoming; ‘renewed existence’, is a sutta term for ‘rebirth’, which, in later literature mostly is called patisandhi The attainment of Sainthood arahatta implying the end …
abbhunnamati →
pts
…out, hold up erect DN.i.120 (kāyaṃ one’s body); AN.ii.245 (id.); DN.i.126 (patodalaṭṭhiṃ; opp. apanāmeti to…
abbuda →
pts
- the foetus in the 1st & 2nd months after conception the 2nd of the five prenatal stages of development, viz kalala, abbuda, pesi, ghana, pasākha Mnd.120; Mil.40 V …
abhi →
pts
Abhi-
I. Meaning
- The primary meaning of abhi is that of taking possession and mastering, as contained in E. coming by and over-coming, thus literally having the function of facing …
abhijjhita →
pts
coveted, Ja.vi.445; usually neg. an˚ not coveted, Vin.i.287; Snp.40 (= anabhipatthita Snp-a.85; cp. Cnd.38); Vv.47#4 (= na abhikankhita Vv-a.201).
pp. of abhijjhāti
abhimatthati →
pts
(˚eti) & -mantheti
- to cleave, cut; to crush, destroy MN.i.243 (sikharena muddhānaṃ ˚mantheti); SN.i.127; Dhp.161 (variant reading ˚nth˚); Ja.iv.457 (matthako sikharena ˚matthiyamāno) Dhp-a.iii …
abhinimmināti →
pts
to create (by magic), produce, shape, make SN.iii.152 (rūpaṃ); AN.i.279 (oḷārikaṃ attabhāvaṃ); Nd ii.under pucchā6 (rūpaṃ manomayaṃ); Vv-a.16 (mahantaṃ hatthi-rāja-vaṇṇaṃ)
pp *[abhinim …
abhipattheti →
pts
to hope for, long for, wish for Kp.viii.10; Snp-a.320; Dhp-a.i.30
pp abhipatthita (q.v.).
abhi + pattheti
abhipatthita →
pts
past participle hoped, wished, longed for Mil.383; Snp-a.85.
fr. abhipattheti
adhi →
pts
A. Prep. and pref. of direction & place:
- as direction denoting a movement towards a definite end or goal up to, over, toward, to, on (see C 1a.)
- as place where (prep. c. loc. or abs.) = …
adhipatthita →
pts
desired, wished, begged for DN.i.120.
pp. adhi + pattheti, cp. Sk. abhi + arthayati
adhippāya →
pts
- intention, wish desire SN.i.124; SN.v.108; AN.ii.81; AN.iii.363 (bhoga˚), AN.v.65; Ja.i.79, Ja.i.83; Sdhp.62. As adj. (-˚) desiring Pv-a.226 (hass˚ in play = khiḍḍatthika).
- sense, meaning conc …
allīyati →
pts
to cling to, stick to, adhere to (in both senses, good or bad); to covet
- lit. kesā sīsaṃ allīyiṃsu the hair stuck to the head Ja.i.64 khaggo lomesu allīyi the sword stuck in the hair Ja.i.273
- f …
amba →
pts
…Pv-a.153, Pv-a.187.
- -aṭṭhi the kernel or stone of the m. fruit Dhp-a.iii.207 Dhp-a.iii.208. *…
amha →
pts
Amha1 & Amhan
neuter a stone Snp.443 (instr. amhanā, but Snp-a.392 reads asmanā pāsāṇena).
- -maya made of stone, hard Dhp.161 (= pāsāṇa˚ Dhp-a.iii.151).
Sk. aśman, …
amitta →
pts
one who is not friend, an enemy DN.iii.185; Iti.83; Snp.561 (= paccatthika Snp-a.455); Dhp.66, Dhp.207; Ja.vi.274 (˚tāpana harassing the enemies).
Vedic amitra; a + mitta
antara →
pts
adjective Primary meanings are “inside” and “in between” as adj. “inner”; in prep. use & in compounds “inside, in between”. Further development of meaning is with a view of contrasting the (two) sides …
antarā →
pts
adverb prep. (c. gen. acc. or loc.), pref. (˚-) and adv. “in between” (of space & time), midway, inside; during meanwhile, between. On interpretation of term see DN-a.i.34 sq
- (prep.) c. ac …
anupaṭṭhita →
pts
adjective setting out after, following, attacking Ja.v.452.
anu + pa + ṭhita
anusatthi →
pts
admonition, rule, instruction Ja.i.241; Mil.98, Mil.172, Mil.186 (dhamma˚), Mil.225, Mil.227, Mil.347.
Sk. anuśāsti, anu + śās, cp. anusāsana
anusāsati →
pts
- to advise, admonish, instruct in or give advice upon (c. acc.) to exhort to Vin.i.83; DN.i.135; DN.ii.154; Dhp.77, Dhp.159 (aññaṃ); Ja.vi.368; Cp.i.10#3; Pv.ii.6#8; Pv-a.148
grd anusāsiya V …
anāyasa →
pts
adjective void of means, unlucky, unfortunate Vv.84#5 (= natthi ettha āyo sukhan ti anāyasaṃ Vv-a.335).
an + āya + sa, or should we read anāyāsa?
apatthita →
pts
Apatthita & Apatthiya
see pattheti.
apatthiya →
pts
Apatthita & Apatthiya
see pattheti.
appamatta →
pts
…Snp.507 Snp.779 (cp. Mnd.59); Dhp.22 (cp. Dhp-a.i.229); Thig.338 = upaṭṭhitasati Thag-a.239).
a + pamatta, pp. of pamadati
arahant →
pts
…arahanto), Vin.i.20 (ekasaṭṭhi id.), Vin.i.25 sq.; Vin.ii.110, Vin.ii.161; Vin.iii.1; Vin.iv.112 (te arahanto udake kīḷanti); DN.i.49…
asapatta →
pts
adjective noun (act.) without enmity, friendly (med.) having no enemy or foe, secure peaceful DN.ii.276; Snp.150 (= vigata-paccatthika, mettavihārin Kp-a.249); Thig.512.
a + sapatta = Sk. sapatna
asmi →
pts
(I am) see atthi.
assa →
pts
Assa1
shoulder; in cpd. assapuṭa shoulder-bag, knapsack i.e. a bag containing provisions instr. assupuṭena with provisions. Later exegesis has interpreted this as a bag full of ashes, …
assu →
pts
Assu1
neuter DN.i.115, DN.i.141; Dhp.67; Pp.56; DN-a.i.284; Pv-a.39. -mocana shedding of tears Pv-a.18.
Vedic aśru, Av. asrū, Lith aszarà, with etym. not definitel …
athabbaṇa →
pts
- the Atharva Veda DN-a.i.247 = Snp-a.447 (˚veda)
- one who is familiar with the (magic formulas of the) Atharvaveda Ja.vi.490 (sâthabbaṇa = sahatthivejja, with the elephant-healer or doctor) See …
atipātin →
pts
adjective noun one who attacks or destroys Snp.248; Ja.vi.449 (in war nāgakkhandh˚ = hatthikkhande khaggena chinditvā C.); Pv-a.27 (pāṇ˚).
atithi →
pts
guest, stranger, newcomer DN.i.117 (= āgantuka-navaka pāhuṇaka DN-a.i.288); AN.ii.68; AN.iii.45, AN.iii.260; Ja.iv.31, Ja.iv.274; Ja.v.388; Kp.viii.7 (n’ atthi assa ṭhiti yamhi vā tamhi vā divase āg …
attamana →
pts
…Snp.45 = Dhp.328 (= upaṭṭhita-satt Dhp-a.iv.29); Snp.995; Cnd.24 (= tuṭṭha-mano haṭṭha-mano etc.) Vv.1#4; Pp.33 (an˚);…
attan →
pts
atta (the latter is the form used in compn.)
I. Inflection
- of attan- (n. stem); the foll. cases are the most freq:
■ acc. attānaṃ DN.i.13, DN.i.18 …
attha →
pts
Attha1
(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter
- interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …
atthika →
pts
…q.v.); Pp.69, Pp.70 (T aṭṭhika, aṭṭhita SS; expld. by Pp AN.v.4 by kalyāṇāya). 2. (to attha1 2) desirous of…
atthikavant →
pts
adjective one who wants something, one who is on a certain errand DN.i.90 (atthikaṃ assa atthī ti DN-a.i.255).
atthika + vant
atthin →
pts
adjective (-˚) desirous, wanting anything; see mant˚, vād˚.
Vedic arthin
atthitā →
pts
state of being, existence, being, reality MN.i.486; SN.ii.17 (˚añ c˚ eva natthitañ ca to be and not to be); SN.iii.135; Ja.v.110 (kassaci atthitaṃ vā natthitaṃ vā jānāhi see if there is anybody or not …
atthiya →
pts
adjective (-˚) having a purpose or end SN.iii.189 (kim˚ for what purpose?); AN.v.1 sq. (id.), Snp.311 sq.; Thag.1097 (att˚ having one’s purpose in oneself) Thag.1274; Snp.354 (yad atthiyaṃ on account …
avasesa →
pts
…parisā), Pv-a.201 (aṭṭhi-tacamatt’ âvasesa-sarīra with a body on which nothing but skin & bones were left), Pv-a.206…
avasissati →
pts
…phrases taco ca nahārū ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu sarīre upasussatu maṃsa-lohitaṃ MN.i.481; AN.i.50; SN.ii.28, and *sarīrāni…
avasussati →
pts
…kāmaṃ taco ca nahāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasussatu (upasussatu sarīre maṃsalohitaṃ Ja.i.71, Ja.i.110; Sdhp.46. It is a later spelling for…
avatiṭṭhati →
pts
…otiṭṭhati); Thag.1, Thag.21; Ja.ii.62; Ja.iv.208 (aor. avaṭṭhāsi). pp. avaṭṭhita (q.v.). Avatinna &…
avattha →
pts
Avattha1
aimless (of cārikā, a bhikkhu’s wandering, going on tour) AN.iii.171 (C. avavatthika).
der. uncertain
Avattha2
thrown away Ja.v.302 (= chaḍḍita C.).
Sk. apāsta, apa …
avaṭṭhita →
pts
adjective “standing down” = standing up, firm, fixed, settled, lasting Thag.1140 Usually neg. an˚; unsettled, unsteady; not lasting, changeable Dhp.38 (˚citta; cp. Dhp-a.i.308 cittaṃ thāvaraṃ natth …
avaṭṭhitatā →
pts
steadiness, only as neg. an˚; unsteadiness, fickleness Thag-a.259.
abstr. fr. prec.
avaṭṭhiti →
pts
(firm) position, posture, steadfastness SN.v.228; Dhs.11, Dhs.570.
Sk. avasthiti
ayaṃ →
pts
pronoun demonstr. pron. “this, he”; f. ayaṃ; nt. idaṃ & imaṃ “this, it” etc. This pron. combines in its inflection two stems, viz. as˚; (ayaṃ in nom. m. & f.) & im˚; (id in nom. nt.).
I. Form …
aññadatthu →
pts
adverb part. of affirmation = surely, all-round absolutely (ekaṃsa-vacane nipāto DN-a.i.111) only, at any rate DN.i.91; DN.ii.284; Snp.828 (na h’ aññadatth’ atthi pasaṃsa-lābhā, expld. …
aññā →
pts
knowledge, recognition, perfect knowledge, philosophic insight, knowledge par excellence, viz. Arahantship, saving knowledge gnosis (cp. on term Compend. 176 n. 3 and Psalms of Brethren introd. xx …
aṅga →
pts
aṅgula →
pts
aṭṭha →
pts
… ■ 68 aṭṭhasaṭṭhi Thag.1217 ˚sitā savitakkā, where id. p. at SN.i.187 however reads atha saṭṭhi-tasitā vitakkā);…
aṭṭhika →
pts
aṭṭhilla →
pts
at Vin.ii.266 is expld. by Bdhgh on p. 327 by gojanghaṭṭika, perhaps more likely = Sk. aṣṭhīlā a round pebble or stone.
aṭṭhita →
pts
…arrived at, looked after, considered Ja.ii.247 (= adhiṭṭhita C.).
ā +…
badara →
pts
balisa →
pts
…torture MN.i.87; MN.iii.164; AN.i.47; AN.ii.122; Mnd.154; Cnd.604; Mil.197.
- -yaṭṭhi angling rod Dhp-a.iii.397.
cp….
baḷisa →
pts
…torture MN.i.87; MN.iii.164; AN.i.47; AN.ii.122; Mnd.154; Cnd.604; Mil.197.
- -yaṭṭhi angling rod Dhp-a.iii.397.
cp….
beluva →
pts
beḷuva →
pts
bhavati →
pts
to become, to be, exist, behave etc. (cp. Cnd.474 sambhavati jāyati nibbattati pātu-bhavati)
I. Forms
There are two bases used side by side, viz bhav˚; and (contracted) ho˚; the latte …
bhaṇe →
pts
indeclinable “I say,” used as an interjection of emphasis, like “to be sure,” “look here.” It is a familiar term of address often used by a king to his subjects Vin.i.240 (amhākaṃ kira bhaṇe vijite Bh …
bhaṇḍa →
pts
- stock in trade; collectively goods, wares, property, possessions, also “object” SN.i.43 (itthi bhaṇḍānaṃ uttamaṃ woman is the highest property), Cnd.38; Ja.iii.353 (yācita˚ object asked = yāca); Th …
bhojana →
pts
food, meal, nourishment in general Ja.ii.218; Ja.iv.103, Ja.iv.173; Ja.i.178; Ja.iv.223; Snp.102 Snp.128, Snp.242, Snp.366, Snp.667; Dhp.7, Dhp.70; Pp.21, Pp.55; Mil.370 Vism.69, Vism.106; Sdhp.52, Sd …
bhuja →
pts
…crooked, in bhuja-laṭṭhi betel-pepper tree Ja.vi.456 (C.: bhujangalatā perhaps identical with bhujaka?), also in cpd bhuja-ga…
bhujaka →
pts
…belong to bhuja3 and equal to bhuja-laṭṭhi?
bhāra →
pts
…of quantity Vv-a.12 (saṭṭhi-sakaṭa˚-parimāṇa); Pv-a.102 (aneka˚parimāṇa). 3. (fig.) a difficult thing, a burden or duty i.e….
bhāva →
pts
- being, becoming, condition, nature; very rarely by itself (only in later & C. literature, as e.g. Ja.i.295 thīnaṃ bhāvo, perhaps best to be translated as “women’s character,” taking bhāva = attabhā …
bāhā →
pts
calaka →
pts
…(= vighāsa); Vv-a.222 (˚aṭṭhikāni meat-remnants & bones).
perhaps from carv to chew; but Sk. carvana, chewing, is not found in the…
camma →
pts
…freq. in expr. like aṭṭhi-cammanahāru-matta (skin & bones) Pv-a.68, see under nahāru camma-maṃsa-nahāru…
catur →
pts
…(24) Snp.457; catusaṭṭhi (64) Ja.i.50; Ja.ii.193; Pv-a.74; caturāsīti (84) usually with vassa-sahassāni Ja.i.137 Ja.ii.311;…
caṇḍa →
pts
adjective fierce, violent; quick-tempered, uncontrolled, passionate Vin.ii.194 (hatthī); DN.i.90 (= māṇa-nissita-kopa-yutta DN-a.i.256); SN.i.176; SN.ii.242; AN.ii.109 = Pp.47 (sakagava˚); Ja.i.4 …
ce →
pts
conditional particle “if,” constructed either with Indicative (ito ce pi yojanasate viharati even if he lived 100 y. from here DN.i.117) or Conditional (tatra ce tumhe assatha kupitā DN.i.3), or Poten …
cetasa →
pts
…mind or heart, in phrase aṭṭhikatvā manasikatvā sabbacetaso samannāharitva ohitasoto (of one paying careful & proper attention) SN.i.112…
cha →
pts
…the sixth. Cp. also saṭṭhi (60) soḷasa (16). Six is applied whenever a “major set is concerned (see 2), as in the foll.: 6 munis are…
chanda →
pts
- impulse, excitement; intention, resolution, will desire for, wish for, delight in (c. loc.). Explained at Vism.466 as “kattu-kāmatāy” adhivacanaṃ; by Dhtp.587 & Dhtm.821 as; chand = icchāyaṃ …
chava →
pts
…AN.ii.57; Ja.iv.263.
- -aṭṭhika bones of a corpses, a skeleton C iii.15, 1 (?)
- -ālāta a torch from a pyre…
chaḷ →
pts
…the sixth. Cp. also saṭṭhi (60) soḷasa (16). Six is applied whenever a “major set is concerned (see 2), as in the foll.: 6 munis are…
cuṇṇaka →
pts
…MN.ii.64 = Thag.771; Ja.v.302
2. powder; cuṇṇakajātāni reduced to powder MN.iii.92 (aṭṭhikāni)
■ f. -ikā in…
damaka →
pts
adjective noun
- subduing, taming; converting; one who practises self-control MN.i.446 (assa˚); MN.iii.2 (id.) Ja.i.349 (kula˚ bhikkhu), one who teaches a clan self-mastery Ja.i.505 (go˚, assa˚, h …
danta →
pts
…dhanadhaññaṃ);
- -aṭṭhika “teeth-bone,” ivory of teeth i.e. the tooth as such Vism.21. *…
dhamma →
pts
…of evil conduct Vin.i.3; aṭṭhita˚ unrighteous DN.iii.133; lobha˚ greedy quality DN.i.224, DN.i.230; methuna dh. fornication DN.iii.133 …
dhana →
pts
wealth, usually wealth of money, riches, treasures
- Lit. DN.i.73 (sa˚); MN.ii.180.; AN.iii.222; AN.iv.4 sq. Cnd.135 (+ yasa, issariya etc.) Thig.464 (+ issariya) Ja.i.225 (paṭhavigataṃ karoti: …
dhopana →
pts
…bones of the dead DN.i.6; aṭṭhi-dhovana Bdhgh at DN-a.i.84; AN.v.216 (see Commentary at 364). 2. Surgical washing of a wound Ja.ii.117. 3….
dinna →
pts
given, granted, presented etc., in all meanings of dadāti q.v.; esp. of giving alms. Pv.iv.3#26 (= mahādāna Pv-a.253) & in phrase adinn’ādāna taking what is not given, i.e. stealing, adj adinnâdāyin …
disā →
pts
point of the compass, region quarter, direction, bearings. The 4 principal points usualy enumerated are puratthimā (E) pacchimā (W) dakkhiṇā (S) uttarā (N …
divi →
pts
Divi˚
an abstraction fr. divya constructed for etym. expln of dibba as divi-bhava (˚bhāva) of divine existence or character, a divine being, in “divi-bhavāni divyāni …
diṭṭha →
pts
Diṭṭha1
- seen; a˚ not seen DN.i.222 (a˚ + avedita asacchikata); MN.i.3 sq. (diṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhato sañjānāti); Snp.147 (diṭṭhā vā ye vā addiṭṭhā), Snp.995 (na me diṭṭho ito pubbe na ssuto… Sat …
diṭṭhi →
pts
…MN.i.486; Snp.55 (= dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni), K S ii.44; Vv.84#26; Pv.iv.1#37; Cnd.301 (= vīsati-vattukā sakkāyadiṭṭhi); cp….
dukkha →
pts
adjective noun
- (adj. unpleasant, painful, causing misery (opp. sukha pleasant Vin.i.34; Dhp.117. Lit. of vedanā (sensation) MN.i.59 (˚ṃ vedanaṃ vediyamāna, see also below iii.1 …
dvi →
pts
…(Cnd.271#iii. & dvaṭṭhi (62) DN.i.54; SN.iii.211; DN-a.i.162); dvānavuti…
dvīhitika →
pts
…phrase “dubbhikkhā d setaṭṭhikā salākavuttā,” of a famine Vin.iii.6, Vin.iii.15, Vin.iii.87 Vin.iv.23; SN.iv.323. On the term & its…
dālikā →
pts
Dālikā & Dālima
in -laṭṭhi a kind of creeper; equivalent to takkāri (?) Thig.297 (dālikā) = Thag-a.226 (dālikā & dālima).
Sk….
dālima →
pts
Dālikā & Dālima
in -laṭṭhi a kind of creeper; equivalent to takkāri (?) Thig.297 (dālikā) = Thag-a.226 (dālikā & dālima).
Sk….
eka →
pts
…eka-tiṃsa (31) DN.ii.2 ˚saṭṭhi (61) Vin.i.20; ˚navuti (91) Dhp-a.i.97; ˚sata (101; Dhp-a.ii.14. Cp. use of “one less” in ekūna (see…
gacchati →
pts
The three formations (described below in the etymology) are represented in Pāli as follows.
- gacch˚, in
pres gacchati;
imper gaccha & gacchāhi;
pot gacche (Dhp.46, Dhp.224) & gacchey …
gata →
pts
…(= gacchati 5 b) aṭṭhi paritvā gataṃ “the bone fell down” Ja.iii.26 Very often gata stands in the sense of a finite verb (=…
gati →
pts
- going, going away, (opp. āgati coming) (both gati & āgati usually in pregnant sense of No. (2) See āgati); direction, course, career. Freq of the two careers of a Mahāpurisa (viz. either a Cakkavat …
guḷikā →
pts
…ball SN.v.462 (satta-kolaṭṭhi-mattiyo guḷikā, pl.) Thig.498 (kolaṭṭhimatta g˚ balls of the size of a jujube) cp. Thag-a.289.
to…
gāmika →
pts
…AN.iii.300 (in series w. raṭṭhika pettanika, senāpatika, pūgagamaṇika). 2. [to gam ] adj. going wandering, travelling (-˚)…
hadaya →
pts
…-aṭṭhi a bone of the heart Kp-a.49, Kp-a.50 (so read for pādaṭṭhi, see App. to Pj.1.); Vism.255;…
hanukā →
pts
…Ja.i.498; DN-a.i.97; Mil.229; also nt. Vin.ii.266; Ja.i.461; Ja.ii.127; Ja.iv.188; -aṭṭhika the jaw bone Ja.i.265 sq.; Vism.251;…
hattha →
pts
hatthin →
pts
…Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hatthī); size of an elephant Mil.312; one of the seven treasures DN.i.89;…
hetu →
pts
hāyana →
pts
…(increase) at MN.i.518.
fr. hā
Hāyana2
neuter year; in saṭṭhi˚; 60 years old (of an elephant) MN.i.229;…
ida →
pts
…Pp.69 (read so for ˚maṭṭhika, see Pp-a.250); as idam-atthitā “being satisfied with what is sufficient” at Vism.81…
idaṃ →
pts
…Pp.69 (read so for ˚maṭṭhika, see Pp-a.250); as idam-atthitā “being satisfied with what is sufficient” at Vism.81…
isi →
pts
- a holy man, one gifted with special powers of insight & inspiration, an anchoret, a Seer, Sage, Saint, “Master” DN.i.96 (kaṇho isi ahosi); SN.i.33, SN.i.35, SN.i.65, SN.i.128, SN.i.191, SN.i.192 SN …
iti →
pts
Iti (ti)
indeclinable emphatic deictic particle “thus”. Occurs in both forms iti & ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of “iti” is …
jānāti →
pts
to know.
I. Forms
The 2 Vedic roots jān˚ & jñā˚; are represented in Pali by jān˚ & ñā˚ (ña˚)
-
jān:
pres jānāti
pot jāneyya (Snp.781) & jaññā (AN.iv.366 …
jāta →
pts
…noun: cuṇṇakajātāni aṭṭhikāni (= cuṇṇayitāni) MN.iii.92; jālakajāta in bud AN.iv.117; chandajāta = chandika Snp.767 sujāta…
jāti →
pts
■ Instr. jātiyā (Snp.423) & jaccā (DN.ii.8; Ja.iii.395; Dhp.393); abl. jātiyā (SN.i.88) & jātito (by descent: DN.ii.8); loc. jātiyaṃ (Pv-a.10) & jātiyā (Pv-a.78).
- birth, rebirth, possibility of …
kalabha →
pts
the young of an elephant: see hatthi˚; and cp. kalāra.
cp. Sk. kalabha
kalyāṇa →
pts
…viz. kesa˚, maṃsa˚, aṭṭhi˚, chavi˚, vaya˚ i.e. beauty of hair, flesh, teeth, skin, youth Ja.i.394; Dhp-a.i.387.
*…
kalāra →
pts
in hatthi˚ at Ud.41, explained in C by potaka, but cp. the same passage at Dhp-a.i.58 which reads kalabha undoubtedly better. Cp. kaḷārikā.
kalāya →
pts
…the kernel of the jujube (kolaṭṭhi).
- -matta of the size of a chick-pea SN.i.150; AN.v.170 Snp.p.124 (ḷ); Ja.iii.370;…
kamma →
pts
the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …
kanta →
pts
Kanta1
- (adj.) in special sense an attribute of worldly pleasure (cp. kāma kāmaguṇā): pleasant, lovely, enjoyable; freq. in form iṭṭhā kantā manāpā, referring to the pleasures of the sens …
kappeti →
pts
to cause to fit, to create, build, construct arrange, prepare, order.
I. lit
- in special sense: to prepare, get done, i.e. harness: Ja.i.62; plait DN-a.i.274, an offering (yaññaṃ) Snp.1 …
kappāsa →
pts
karin →
pts
adjective “one who has a hand,” an elephant (cp. hatthin) Mhvs.24, Mhvs.34; Mhvs.25, Mhvs.68; Dāvs iv.2. In compounds kari.
- -gajjita the cry of the elephant, an elephant’s tru …
kata →
pts
(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & viss …
kattara →
pts
…Vism.125, Vism.181. -yaṭṭhi = prec. Ja.ii.441; DN-a.i.207 DN-a.iii.140. -ratha an old (?) chariot Ja.iii.299. -suppa a winnowing…
katthati →
pts
to boast Snp.783 (ppr. med. akatthamāna). Cp. pavikatthita.
cp. Sk. katthate, etym. unexplained
katthin →
pts
adjective boasting AN.v.157 (+ vikatthin).
fr. katth
katthitar →
pts
ag. fr. katthati] a boaster Snp.930.
kaṅkala →
pts
…Morris, J.P.T.S. 1885, 75) aṭṭhikankala aṭṭhi-puñja aṭṭhi-rāsi SN.ii.185 = Iti.17 (but in the verses on same page: puggalass’…
kaṇḍita →
pts
at Ja.i.155 is misprint; read: kaṇḍam assa atthī ti kaṇḍī taṃ kaṇḍinaṃ.
kaṇṇavant →
pts
adjective having an (open) ear, i.e. clever, sharp Ja.ii.261 (= kaṇṇachiddaṃ pana na kassaci n’atthi C.).
fr. kaṇṇa
kaṇṭaka →
pts
…spine DN.ii.297≈ (see kaṭaṭṭhi); MN.i.80 = MN.i.245; Vism.271; Sdhp.102. 4. (fig.) an obstacle, hindrance nuisance (“thorn in my side”);…
kaṭa →
pts
…used in compounds:
- -aṭṭhika the hip-bone DN.ii.296 = MN.i.58, MN.i.89 = MN.iii.92 (as variant reading). Note.…
kaṭhati →
pts
… ■ The pp. occurs as ˚kaṭṭhita ˚kuṭṭhita in cpds uk˚ pa˚ (q.v.). See also kuṭṭhita.
Sk. kvathati; cp. Goth. hvapo scum,…
kaṭṭha →
pts
Kaṭṭha1
ploughed, tilled Snp.80; Mil.255; Pv-a.45, Pv-a.62. a˚ untilled, unprepared Anvs.27. su˚ well-ploughed AN.i.229; Mil.255.
Sk. kṛṣṭa, pp. of kasati, cp. kiṭṭha
Kaṭṭha2</su …
kaṭṭhissa →
pts
silken coverlet embroidered with gems DN.i.7 = Vin.i.192 = Vin.ii.163; DN-a.i.87 = AN-a.445.
Sk.?
kevalin →
pts
adjective one who is fully accomplished, an Arahant; often with mahesi and uttamapurisa Defn sabbaguṇa-paripuṇṇa sabba-yoga-visaṃyutta Snp-a.153
■ ye suvimuttā t …
khandha →
pts
I. Crude meaning
bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.
- Esp. used
- of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …
khaṇa →
pts
Khaṇa1
- (m.) a (short), moment, wink of time; in phrase khaṇen’ eva “in no time” Pv-a.38 Pv-a.117; Sdhp.584 (etc.). Sdhp.584; khaṇo ve mā upaccagā “let not the slightest time be wasted …
khaṇḍikā →
pts
broken bit, a stick, in ucchu˚ Vv.33#26 (= ucchu-yaṭṭhi Dhp-a.iii.315).
fr. khaṇḍa
kho →
pts
an enclitic particle of affirmation & emphasis indeed, really, surely; in narration: then, now (cp kira); in question: then, perhaps, really. Def. as adhikār’ antara-nidassan’ atthe nipāto Kp-a.113 …
khīṇa →
pts
destroyed, exhausted, removed, wasted, gone; in compounds ˚-often to be translated “without.” It is mostly applied to the destruction of the passions (āsavā) & demerit (kamma). Khīṇā jāti “destroyed …
kilesa →
pts
…oghā, sallā, viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo, agatigamanāni Netti.113, Netti.114; Netti.116 sq.
- -bhūmi the substratum or essence of lust…
kiriya →
pts
Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā
- (n.)-
- (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …
kiriyā →
pts
Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā
- (n.)-
- (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …
kiñcana →
pts
adjective noun only in neg. sentences: something, anything From the freq. context in the older texts it has assumed the moral implication of something that sticks or adheres to the character of a man, …
kiṃ →
pts
- as nt. subst. what? sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇaṃ what is the obstruction? Snp.1032; kiṃ tava patthanāya what is it about your wish, i.e. what good is your wish? Vv-a.226; kim idaṃ this is what, that is …
klesa →
pts
…oghā, sallā, viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo, agatigamanāni Netti.113, Netti.114; Netti.116 sq.
- -bhūmi the substratum or essence of lust…
kola →
pts
…j. truit, always comb w. kolaṭṭhi-mattiyo, of boils AN.v.170 = Snp.p.125, cp SN.i.150;
- -rukkha the j. tree Snp-a.356;…
kolaṭṭhi →
pts
the kernel of the jujube, only in cpd. -mattiyo (pl.) SN.i.150 = AN.v.170 = Snp.p.125 (with kolamattiyo) and -mattā Thig.498 = Thag-a.289; Dhp-a.i.319.
kontīmant →
pts
at Ja.vi.454 is explained by camma-kāra, thus “worker in leather (-shields or armour),” with der. fr konta (“satthitāya kontāya likhattā…”), but reading and meaning are uncertain.
kosa →
pts
Kosa1
masculine neuter any cavity or enclosure containing anything, viz.
- a store-room or storehouse, treasury or granary AN.iv.95 (rāja˚); Snp.525; Ja.iv.409 (= wealth, stores); Ja.vi …
koṭi →
pts
…means of hunting Ja.ii.200; aṭṭhi-koṭi the tip of the bone Ja.iii.26; cāpa a bow Vv-a.261; vema˚ the part of a loom that is moved…
koṭṭa →
pts
? breaking, asi-k˚ note on Vin.iv.363 (for asikoṭṭha Vin.iv.171?); ˚aṭṭhi at Vism.254 read koṭṭh˚.
koṭṭha →
pts
…in asi˚ Vin.iv.171.
- -aṭṭhi a stomach bone or bone of the abdomen Vism.254, Vism.255. *…
kriyā →
pts
Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā
- (n.)-
- (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …
ku →
pts
(kud-and kum-) 3rd stem of interrog. pron. ka (on form and meaning cp. kad; = Lat.* qṷu in (qṷ)ubi, like katara
- Kuto where from? whence? Dhp.62; k˚bhayaṃ whence i.e. why fear? Dhp.212 sq.; Sn …
kumbha →
pts
- a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …
kuthati →
pts
…kvathati cp. kaṭhati, kaṭhita, kuṭṭhita, ukkaṭṭhita & upakūḷita2
kuttaka →
pts
kuṇapa →
pts
corpse, carcase, Vin.iii.68 = MN.i.73 = AN.iv.377 (ahi˚, kukkura˚, manussa pūti˚); AN.iv.198 sq.; Snp.205; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.146; Pv-a.15 Kaṇṭhe āsatto kuṇapo a corpse hanging round one’s neck MN.i.120; …
kuṭṭhita →
pts
…tamba, cp. uttatta) Pgdp.33. See also kathati kuthati, ukkaṭṭhita & pakkuṭṭhita.
kāla →
pts
Kāla & Kāḷa
Preliminary
- dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …
kāma →
pts
…MN.i.130; AN.iii.97 (where aṭṭhisankhala); Cnd.71 (leaving out No. 10). Out of this list are taken single quotations of No. 4 at DN.iii.283;…
kāya →
pts
group, heap, collection, aggregate, body
Definitions and synonyms
Snp-a.31 gives the foll. synonyms and similes of kāya: kuṭī, guhā (Snp.772), deha, sandeha (Dhp.148 = Thag.20), nāvā (Dhp.3 …
kāḷa →
pts
Kāla & Kāḷa
Preliminary
- dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …
la →
pts
syllable of abbreviation, corresponding to our “etc.”: see peyyāla. Lak-atthika
laddha →
pts
(having) obtained, taken, received Snp.106, Snp.239; Ja.v.171; Mhvs.5, Mhvs.133 (kiñci laddhaṃ); Mhvs.10, Mhvs.37 (kaññā laddhā); Pv-a.5
■ laddhatvaṃ at Ja.iv.406 is to be corrected to uddhatvā …
lak-aṭṭhika →
pts
Lak-aṭṭhika
at Vv-a.222 is doubtful; aṭṭhika means “kernel,” lak˚; may be a misspelling for labujak˚ (?).
laṇḍa →
pts
…used with ref to elephants (haṭṭhi˚), e.g. at Ja.ii.19; Dhp-a.i.163, Dhp-a.i.192 Dhp-a.iv.156 (here also as assa˚; horse dung.) Cp….
laṭṭhi →
pts
…in names of places, as Laṭṭhivana (Ja.i.83 etc.).
- -madhu(ka) “cane-honey,” i.e. liquorice Ja.iv.537; Dhp-a.iv.171 (˚ka).
Sk….
laṭṭhikā →
pts
Err:508
lohita →
pts
…mocetuṃ); AN.iv.135 (saṭṭhi-mattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ uṇhaṃ l. mukhato uggañchi; cp. the similar passage at Mil.165); Snp.433;…
loka →
pts
…at SN.iv.87); 7 viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo; 8 loka-dhammā; 9 satt’āvāsā 10 upakkilesā; 11 kāmabhavā; 12 āyatanāni 18 dhātuyo. They are…
madhu →
pts
…diabetes?) Vin.iv.8
- -laṭṭhikā liquorice (no reference?); cp. Laṭṭhi-madhukavana Ja.i.68
- -lāja sweet corn Ja.iv.214…
madhuka →
pts
…-aṭṭhika the kernel (of the fruit) of Bassia latifolia Vism.353 = Kp-a.43 (which latter reads madhukaphal’…
magga →
pts
- a road (usually high road), way, foot-path Vism.708 (maggaṃ agata-pubba-purisa, simile of); Vb-a.256 (tiyojana˚, simile of a man travelling); Dhp-a.i.229- addhāna˚; high road Vin.iv.62; MN. …
maha →
pts
- worthiness, venerableness Mil.357.
- a (religious) festival (in honour of a Saint, as an act of worship) Mhvs.33, Mhvs.26 (vihārassa mahamhi, loc.); Vv-a.170 (thūpe ca mahe kate), Vv-a.200 (id.) …
mahant →
pts
adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …
makara →
pts
…Vin.iv.47. In these latter passages it occurs combined with latākamma & pañcapaṭṭhika (q.v.). The meaning is not quite clear.
cp. Epic Sk….
mamāyita →
pts
cherished, beloved; as n. nt. attachment, fondness of, pride
■ (adj. or pp. SN.ii.94 (etaṃ ajjhositaṃ, m., parāmaṭṭhaṃ); Snp.119; Dhp-a.i.11
■ (nt.:) Snp.466, Snp.777, Snp.805, Snp.950 = Dhp.367 …
mana(s) →
pts
…ger. -katvā AN.ii.116 (aṭṭhikatvā + … ohitasoto suṇāti); Pv.iii.2#5 (a˚ = anāvajjetvā Pv-a.181); Vv-a.87, Vv-a.92; Pv-a.62;…
mano →
pts
…ger. -katvā AN.ii.116 (aṭṭhikatvā + … ohitasoto suṇāti); Pv.iii.2#5 (a˚ = anāvajjetvā Pv-a.181); Vv-a.87, Vv-a.92; Pv-a.62;…
matta →
pts
…sata 500; DN-a.i.35; saṭṭhimatte saṭṭhimatte katvā Snp-a.510 māsamattaṃ Pv-a.55; ekādasa˚ ib. 20; dvādasa˚ 42 satta˚ 47;…
mattā →
pts
…to matta˚.
- -aṭṭhiya (mattaṭṭhiya = ˚atthika) desirous of moderation, moderate Thag.922.
- -ññu knowing the right…
maya →
pts
…dana, sīla).
- made of: aṭṭhi˚ of bone Vin.ii.115; ayo˚ of iron Snp.669; Pv.i.10#4; Ja.iv.492; udum- bara˚…
maññati →
pts
- to think, to be of opinion, to imagine, to deem Snp.199 (sīsaṃ… subhato naṃ maññati bālo), Snp.588 (yena yena hi maññanti, tato taṃ hoti aññathā) Ja.ii.258 (maññāmi ciraṃ carissati: I imagine he wi …
maṅgala →
pts
adjective auspicious prosperous, lucky, festive Mnd.87, Mnd.88; Kp-a.118 sq. Snp-a.273, Snp-a.595; Sdhp.551
■ nt. maṅgalaṃ good omen auspices, festivity Snp.258; Vin.ii.129; Pv-a.17. A curious …
maṇi →
pts
…= Vb-a.238 = Kp-a.50 (˚aṭṭhi).
- -bhadda Name of one of 20 classes of people mentioned Mil.191; trsld by…
meṇḍa →
pts
- a ram DN.i.9; Ja.iv.250 Ja.iv.353 (˚visāṇa-dhanu, a bow consisting of a ram’s horn) -patha Npl. “ram’s road” Mnd.155 = Mnd.415. -yuddha ram fight DN.i.6.
- a groom, elephant-driver in cpd …
mitta →
pts
friend. Usually m., although nt. occurs in meaning “friend,” in sg. (Ne.164) & pl. (Snp.185 Snp.187); in meaning “friendship” at Ja.vi.375 (= mittabhāva C.). The half-scientific, half-popular etym …
miñja →
pts
…camma, maṃsa, nahāru, aṭṭhi, miñjā); Vism.235 (id.); Kp iii. (aṭṭhi˚, f. cp. Kp-a.52, nt.); Ja.iv.402 (tāla˚ pith of the palm);…
muddha →
pts
…muddha˚.
- -(n)aṭṭhi (muddhan-aṭṭhi) bone of the head Kp-a.51
- -ādhipāta head- splitting, battering of the head…
muduka →
pts
…& majjhima); Kp-a.49 (˚aṭṭhikāni soft bones); Mhvs.25, 102 (sayana); -bhūmi Mil.34 2. soft, mild, gentle, kindly, tender-hearted…
mutiṅga →
pts
small drum, tabour DN.i.79; Vin.i.15; SN.ii.266 sq. (a famous mythological drum, called Ānaka; same also at Ja.ii.344); Ja.iv.395 (bheri +); Kp-a.49. Spelling mudiṅga at SN.ii.2 …
mutta →
pts
Mutta1
- released, set free, freed; as-˚ free from Snp.687 (abbhā˚ free from the stain of a cloud); Dhp.172 (id.), Dhp.382 (id.)
■ Dhp.344; Pv.iv.1#34; Pv-a.65 (su˚). - given up or …
muṇḍa →
pts
adjective bald, shaven; a shaven, (bald-headed) ascetic, either a samaṇa, or a bhikkhu or (f.) bhikkhunī SN.i.175 (m. sanghāṭi-pāruta); Vin.iv.265 (f.); Snp.p.80 (= muṇḍita-sīsa Snp-a.402)
■ *ka …
māraka →
pts
(-˚) one who kills or destroys, as manussa˚; man-killer Ja.ii.182; hatthi˚; elephant-killer Dhp-a.i.80
■ m. in phrase samāraka (where the-ka belongs to the whole cpd.) …
na →
pts
Na1
expletive-emphatic particle, often used in comparative-indefinite sense just so, like this, as if, as (see cana & canaṃ) Ja.v.339 (Com. cttha na-kāro upamāne). Als …
nagara →
pts
stronghold, citadel, fortress a (fortified) town, city. As seat of the government as important centre of trade contrasted with gāma nigama (village & market-place or township) Vin.iii.47 (˚bandhana), …
nahāru →
pts
…camma, maṃsa nahāru, aṭṭhi, aṭṭhi-miñja (e.g. at Vin.i.25; Ja.iii.84) See also defn in detail at Snp-a.246 sq. &…
nakhaka →
pts
adjective belonging to, consisting of or resembling a claw, in hatthi˚; like elephants’ claws, epithet of a castle (pāsāda) Vin.ii.169 (Bdhgh on p. 323: hatthikumbhe patiṭṭhitaṃ, evaṃ evaṃkatassa ki …
natthibhāva →
pts
non-existence Dhp-a.iii.324.
n’ atthi-bhāva
natthika →
pts
adjective noun one who professes the motto of “natthi,” a sceptic, nihilist SN.i.96; usually in compounds
- -diṭṭhi scepticism, nihilistic view, heresy Snp.243 (= micchāditthi Co …
natthitā →
pts
nihilism SN.ii.17; Ja.v.110.
Sk. nāstitā, fr. n’ atthi
nhāru →
pts
…camma, maṃsa nahāru, aṭṭhi, aṭṭhi-miñja (e.g. at Vin.i.25; Ja.iii.84) See also defn in detail at Snp-a.246 sq. &…
nibbiddha →
pts
- in phrase -piṅgala (with) disgustingly red (eyes) (perhaps = nibbiṇṇa?) Ja.v.42 (of a giant).
- with ref. to a road: broken up, i.e. much frequented, busy street Ja.vi.276 (of vīthi, bazaar, in …
nibbāna →
pts
I. Etymology
Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …
nikkhipati →
pts
…to cause to be laid down, to order to be put down etc. Pv-a.215 (gosīsaṭṭhiṃ). Cp. abhi˚.
Sk. nikṣipati, ni + khipati
nimmita →
pts
…in the kāmaloka, viz. paccupaṭṭhita-kāmā, nimmānarati˚ (or nimmita˚), paranimmita˚. Iti.94; Dhs.1280 (cp. kāma) DN.iii.218; Ja.i.59,…
niraya →
pts
purgatory, hell, a place of punishment & torture, where sin is atoned (i.e. kamma ripens = paccati, is literally boiled) by terrible ordeals (kāraṇāni) similar to & partly identical with those of Hade …
nissarati →
pts
to depart, escape from, be freed from (c. abl.) AN.i.260 (yasmā atthi loke nissaraṇaṃ tasmā sattā lokamhā nissaranti)
pp nissaṭa, grd nissaraṇīya (q.v.) …
niyama →
pts
- restraint, constraint, training, self-control Mil.116 (yama +); Pv-a.98 (yama +).
- definiteness certainty, limitation Dhp-a.iii.83 (catumagga˚, variant reading niyāma); Snp-a.124 (niyāma); …
niyāmatā →
pts
…SN.ii.25 (dhamma˚ + dhammaṭṭhitatā); AN.i.286 (id.), Ja.i.113 (saddhammassa n assurance of…); Kv.586 (accanta˚ final assurance).
abstr….
nāga →
pts
- a serpent or Nāga demon, playing a prominent part in Buddh. fairy-tales, gifted with miraculous powers & great strength. They often act as fairies are classed with other divinities (see *[devatā]( …
ohita →
pts
…phrase ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti; MN.i.480; MN.iii.201; SN.v.96; AN.iv.391 Vism.300 (+ aṭṭhiṃ katvā).
pp. of odahati; BSk. avahita…
okāsa FIXME double →
pts
Okāsa
- lit. “visibility”, (visible) space as geometrical term, open space, atmosphere, air as space DN.i.34 (ananto okāso); Vism.184 (with disā pariccheda), Vism.243 (id.); Pv-a.14 (okāsaṃ pharitvā …
pabhinna →
pts
- to burst open, broken (like a flower or fruit), flowing with juice; usually applied to an elephant in rut, mad, furious MN.i.236 (hatthi˚); Dhp.326 (hatthi˚ = mattahatthi Dhp-a.iv.24) Thag.77; Ja. …
paccanika →
pts
Paccanika, Paccanīya
adjective noun
- contrary, adverse, opposed; 1 (m) enemy, adversary, opponent MN.i.378; SN.i.179; SN.iv.127; Snp.761; Pts.ii.67 sq.; Snp-a.288. Cp. vi.˚
- (in method reverse, …
paccanīya →
pts
Paccanika, Paccanīya
adjective noun
- contrary, adverse, opposed; 1 (m) enemy, adversary, opponent MN.i.378; SN.i.179; SN.iv.127; Snp.761; Pts.ii.67 sq.; Snp-a.288. Cp. vi.˚
- (in method reverse, …
paccatthika →
pts
adjective noun an opponent adversary, enemy Vin.ii.94 sq. (atta˚ personal enemy) AN.v.71 (id.; T. attha˚); DN.i.50, DN.i.70, DN.i.137; Iti.83; Pv-a.62 Cp. paccāmitta.
paṭi + …
pacchima →
pts
adjective
- hindmost, hind-, back-, last (opp. purima), latest DN.i.239; MN.i.23 (˚yāma the last night watch); DN-a.i.45 sq. (id. ˚kicca duties or performances in the 3rd watch, corres …
paccupaṭṭhahati →
pts
…present; only in pp. paccupaṭṭhita and in Caus paccupaṭṭhāpeti…
paccupaṭṭhita →
pts
(re)presented, offered, at one’s disposal, imminent, ready, present DN.iii.218 (˚kāmā) Iti.95 (id.); Snp.p.105; Iti.111; Kv.157, Kv.280; Mil.123.
pp. of paccupaṭṭhahati; cp. BSk. pratyupasthita, Divy Index
pada →
pts
- foot Dhp.273 = Snp-a.366 (? saccānaṃ caturo padā); DN-a.i.85; usually -˚, like hatthipadaṃ elephant’s foot MN.i.176, MN.i.184; SN.i.86; SN.v.43, SN.v.231; and with numerals dvi˚ & di˚, catup˚, a …
pakaṭṭhita →
pts
see pakk˚.
pakkaṭhita →
pts
…P. kuthati & kaṭhati, appearing in pp. as kaṭhita, kuthita, kaṭṭhita and kuṭṭhita, cp Geiger, P.Gr. § 42
pakkaṭṭhī →
pts
…oil.“
fr. pa + kvat, evidently as abstr. to pakkaṭṭhita; reading uncertain
pakkhin →
pts
adjective noun
- winged the winged one, a bird DN.i.71 (+ sakuṇa = pakkhayutto sakuṇo DN-a.i.208) = AN.ii.209 = AN.v.206 = Pp.58; SN.ii.231; Snp.606 (= sakuṇo Snp-a.465); Pv.iii.5#3 (˚gaṇā = saku …
pakkhipati →
pts
- to put down into (with loc. of receptacle), place into, enclose in (often used for ceremony of putting a corpse into a shell or mount) DN.ii.162 (tela-doṇiyā Bhagavato sarīraṃ p.); SN.ii.85; Ja.ii …
pakkuthita →
pts
…P. kuthati & kaṭhati, appearing in pp. as kaṭhita, kuthita, kaṭṭhita and kuṭṭhita, cp Geiger, P.Gr. § 42
palikhādati →
pts
to bite all round, to gnaw or peck off MN.i.364 (kukkuro aṭṭhikankalaṃ p.).
pali + khādati
pallatthikā →
pts
same meaning as pallattha Vin.ii.213; Vin.iii.162 (cp. Vin. Texts i.62; iii.141); Vism.79 (dussa˚).
fr. pallattha
pallatthita →
pts
perverse Ja.v.79.
doubtful, perhaps we should read paliyattha, see Kern,
Toevoegselen
s. v.
pamutti →
pts
setting free, release SN.i.209; Thig.248; Ja.iv.478; Ne.131 (= SN.i.209; but read pamutty atthi); Pv-a.103 (dukkhato).
fr. pa + muc
para →
pts
adverb adjective
- (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …
patatthi →
pts
at Ja.vi.276 is misprint for pathaddhi (q.v.).
patha →
pts
- path, road, way DN.i.63; Snp.176 (loc. pathe), Snp.385, Snp.540, Snp.868; Cnd.485 B (+ pantha, in expln of magga); Ja.i.308 (loc. pathe); Ja.ii.39; Ja.vi.525 (abl. pathā); Thag.64; Pp.2 …
patoda →
pts
…-laṭṭhi a driver’s stick, goad-stick [cp. BSk. pratodayaṣṭi Divy.7, Divy.76, Divy.463, Divy.465] DN.i.105,…
pattheti →
pts
to wish for, desire, pray for, request, long for SN.iv.125; SN.v.145; Snp.114 Snp.899; Thig.341; Mnd.312, Mnd.316; Pp-a 208 (āsaṃsati +) Pv-a.148; Sdhp.66, Sdhp.319; ppr. patthento Pv-a.107 *pat …
patthita →
pts
wished for, desired, requested, sought after Snp.836; Mil.227, Mil.361; Dhp-a.iv.201; Pv-a.47 (˚ākāra of the desired kind, as wished for) Sdhp.79 (a˚).
pp. of pattheti
patthīna →
pts
stiff DN.ii.335; Dhs-a.307. Also as patthinna at Vin.i.286 (= atirajitattā thaddha Bdhgh on p. 391); Vism.361 (= thīna p. Vism262); Vb-a.67 (˚sneha).
pa + thīna
patti →
pts
Patti1
on foot, one who is on foot, a foot-soldier Vin.iv.105 (as one of the 4 constituents of a senā or army, viz. hatthī elephants, assā horses, rathā chariots, pattī …
pavikatthita →
pts
boasted Ja.i.359.
pp. of pa + vi + katthati
payirupāsita →
pts
worshipped Pv-a.116 (= upaṭṭhita), Pv-a.205 (= purakkhata).
pp. of payirupāsati
pañca →
pts
…misunderstood by C.).
- -paṭṭhika at Vin.ii.117, Vin.ii.121, Vin.ii.152; is not clear (variant reading paṭika)….
paṇhikā →
pts
the heel Ja.i.491; Kp-a.49 (˚aṭṭhi); Vism.253 (id.); Pv-a.185.
fr. paṇhi
paṭipuggala →
pts
person equal to another, compeer, match, rival MN.i.171 = Mil.235; SN.i.158; Snp.544; Iti.123 (natthi te paṭipuggala)
■ appaṭipuggala without a rival, unrivalled, without …
paṭiyatta →
pts
…pakata) Pv-a.25 (C. for upaṭṭhita), Pv-a.75 (alankata˚), Pv-a.135 (id.), Pv-a.232 (id.), Pv-a.279 (id.); Kp-a.118 (alankata˚).
pp. of…
paṭṭhika →
pts
in pañca˚ see under pañca.
phala →
pts
Phala1
neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]
- (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …
phalamaya →
pts
…& loha-maya (& aṭṭhi˚ danta˚, veḷu˚ etc.). It occurs in same phrase at all passages mentioned, and refers to material of…
phusati →
pts
phāla →
pts
…thāle; corresp. with pakaṭṭhita ayogula), id. Ja.v.113 (ayomayehi phālehi pīḷeti variant reading vālehi).
to…
phāsukā →
pts
rib, only in pl. phāsukā Vin.i.74 (upaḍḍha˚ bhañjitabbā), in phrase sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā Ja.i.493 (lit.), which is fig. applied at Dhp.154 (explained as “sabbā avasesa-kiles …
pihayita →
pts
desired, envied, always combined with patthita Mil.182, Mil.351.
pp. of pihayati
pihā →
pts
envy, desire MN.i.304; Ja.i.197; Vism.392 (Bhagavantaṃ disvā Buddha-bhāvāya pihaṃ anuppādetvā thita-satto nāma n’ atthi)
■ adj apiha without desire SN.i.181.
fr. spṛh, cp. Sk. spṛhā
pitta →
pts
- the bile, gall; the bile also as seat of the bilious temperament, excitement or anger. Two kinds are distinguished at Kp-a.60 Vism.260, viz. baddha˚ & abaddha˚;, bile as organ bile as fluid. See …
piṇḍa →
pts
- a lump, ball, thick (& round mass SN.i.206 (aṭṭhīyaka˚); Pv.iii.5#5 (nonīta˚); Vv-a.62 (kummāsa˚), Vv-a.65; Sdhp.529 (ayo˚).
- a lump of food esp. of alms, alms given as food SN.i.76; Snp.217, S …
piṭṭha →
pts
…Ja.i.358; sīha˚ Ja.ii.244 haṭṭhi˚ Ja.ii.244; Ja.iii.392. See also following. Pitthi & Pitthi
cp. Vedic pṛṣṭha, explained by Grassmann…
piṭṭhi →
pts
…heel Vism.251; Kp-a.51 (˚aṭṭhika); DN-a.i.254.
- -pāsāṇa a flat stone or rock plateau, ridge Ja.i.278;…
piṭṭhī →
pts
…heel Vism.251; Kp-a.51 (˚aṭṭhika); DN-a.i.254.
- -pāsāṇa a flat stone or rock plateau, ridge Ja.i.278;…
potaka →
pts
(-˚)
- the young of an animal MN.i.104 (kukkuṭa˚); Ja.i.202 (supaṇṇa˚), Ja.i.218 (hatthi˚); Ja.ii.288 (assa˚ colt); Ja.iii.174 (sakuṇa˚); Pv-a.152 (gaja˚)
■ f potikā Ja.i.207 (haṃsa˚); Ja.i …
pubba →
pts
Pubba1
pus, matter, corruption MN.i.57; MN.iii.90; SN.i.150; SN.ii.157; AN.i.34; Ja.ii.18; Mil.382; Pv-a.80
■ In detail discussed (as one of the 32 ākāras) at Vism.261, Vism.360; Kp- …
puna →
pts
indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …
pura →
pts
*Pura
base of adv. & prep. denoting “before”; abl. purato (adv. & prep. in front of (with gen.), before (only local) Vin.i.179 Vin.ii.32; DN.ii.14 (mātu); SN.i.137; Pv.i.11#1, Pv …
puratthima →
pts
adjective eastern DN.i.153; SN.i.144; Ja.i.71 (˚âbhimukha: Gotama facing E. under the Bo tree).
fr. *pura, cp. Prk. (AMg.) puratthima, acc. to Pischel, Gr. § 602 a der. fr. purastāt (= P puratthaṃ) …
purisa →
pts
man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso …
puñja →
pts
…aṭṭhi˚ Iti.17 (+ aṭṭhikandala); kaṭṭha˚ AN.iii.408; AN.iv.72; Ja.ii.327; gūtha˚ Ja.ii.211;…
puñña →
pts
merit meritorious action, virtue. Always represented as foundation and condition of heavenly rebirth & a future blissful state, the enjoyment (& duration) of which depends on the amount of merit accum …
puṭa →
pts
orig. meaning “tube,” container, hollow pocket.
- a container, usually made of leaves (cp Ja.iv.436; Ja.v.441; Ja.vi.236), to carry fruit or other viands a pocket, basket: ucchu˚; basket for sugar …
pācana →
pts
…a goad, stick SN.i.172; Snp.p.13; Snp.v.77; Ja.iii.281; Ja.iv.310.
- -yaṭṭhi driving…
pāda →
pts
…hatth anguli finger).
- -aṭṭhika bone of the foot MN.i.58, MN.i.89 MN.iii.92; Kp-a.49.
- -āpacca offspring fr….
pālibhaddaka →
pts
…Vism.256 (˚aṭṭhi); Vb-a.239 (id.); Kp-a.46, Kp-a.53; Dhs-a.14; Dhp-a.i.383. As phālibhaddaka…
pāmokkha →
pts
adjective
- chief, first, excellent eminent, (m.) a leader
■ AN.ii.168 (sanga sa˚); Pp.69 Pp.70; Mil.75 (hatthi˚ state elephant). disā˚ worldfamed Ja.i.166, Ja.i.285; Ja.ii.278; Ja.vi.347
…
pāra →
pts
adjective noun
- as adv. (˚-) beyond, over, across, used as prep. with abl., e.g. pāra-Gangāya beyond the G. SN.i.207, SN.i.214; Snp-a.228. See under cpds
- as nt. the other side, the opposi …
pāsāṇa →
pts
…stone?) AN.ii.200 (sāla-laṭṭhiṃ… taccheyya… likheyya… pāsāṇaguḷena dhopeyya… nadiṃ patāreyya), cp. MN.i.233; and Vism.28…
pūti →
pts
…MN.i.89 = MN.iii.92 (aṭṭhikāni pūtīni); Vin.iii.236 (anto˚); SN.iii.54; Pv.i.3#2; Pv.i.6#1 (= kuṇapagandha Pv-a.32); Vism.261 (=…
ratana →
pts
…12 angula or 7 ratanas = 1 yaṭṭhi: see Kirfel, Kosmographie, p.335. The same is given by Bdhgh. at Vb-a.343 dve vidatthiyo ratanaṃ; satta…
raṭṭhaka →
pts
adjective belonging to the kingdom, royal, sovereign Ja.iv.91 (senāvāhana)
■ Cp. raṭṭhika.
Sk. rāṣṭraka
raṭṭhika →
pts
- one belonging to a kingdom, subject in general, inhabitant Ja.ii.241 (brāhmaṇa gahapati-r- do ārik’ ādayo).
- an official of the kingdom [op Sk. rāṣṭriya a pretender; also king’s brother in-law …
reruka →
pts
“elephant’s tooth,” ivory Ja.ii.230 (= hatthi-danta C.).
etym.? Probably dialectical
reṇu →
pts
…Ja.vi.530 (padumakinjakkha˚); Dhp-a.iv.203 (˚vaṭṭhi).
cp. Vedic reṇu
roga →
pts
…setaṭṭhika-roga etc., i.e. hurtful winds, mice, moths parrots, mildew
■ The combn *roga, gaṇḍa,…
ropeti →
pts
…Mhvs.15, Mhvs.42 (amb’ aṭṭhikaṃ); Mhvs.19, Mhvs.56; Dhp-a.ii.109. 2. to put up, fix Ja.i.143 (sūlāni). 3. to further, increase, make…
rājan →
pts
…on p. 517 (saṭṭhisahassa˚); cp. expression khattiya-kula Ja.i.217 as equivalent to rāja-kula 2. rājā & mahāmatta….
rājā →
pts
…on p. 517 (saṭṭhisahassa˚); cp. expression khattiya-kula Ja.i.217 as equivalent to rāja-kula 2. rājā & mahāmatta….
sabba →
pts
adjective whole, entire all, every DN.i.4; SN.iv.15; Vin.i.5; Iti.3; Cnd. s.v., nom pl. sabbe Snp.66; gen. pl. sabbesaṃ Snp.1030
■ nt sabbaṃ the (whole) world of sense-experience SN.iv.15 cp. …
sahassa →
pts
…like an adjective, saṭṭhisahassā amaccā sixty thousand ministers Ja.vi.484; satasahassiyo gāvo 100,000 cows Snp.308; the thing…
sahattha →
pts
one’s own hand Ja.i.68; usually sahatthā (abl.) with one’s own hand Vin.i.18; AN.i.274; DN.i.109; Snp.p.107; Ja.i.286; Pv.ii.9#8; Pv.ii.9#54; Mil.15 instr. sahatthena id. Pv-a.110, Pv-a.124, Pv\ …
sahatthin →
pts
adjective together with the elephant Mhvs.25, Mhvs.70.
sa3 + hatthin
samatthita →
pts
adjective unravelling Mil.1.
cp. Sk. samarthita, saṃ + pp. of arthayati
samatthiya →
pts
adjective able Sdhp.619.
fr. samattha
samavaṭṭhita →
pts
ready Snp.345 (˚-ā savanāya sotā).
sambhava →
pts
- origin, birth, production DN.ii.107; SN.iii.86; AN.ii.10, AN.ii.18; Snp.724, Snp.741 etc.; Dhp.161; Ja.i.168; mātāpettikas˚ born from father and mother DN.i.34; Dhs-a.306; natthi sambhavaṃ has not …
sammuti →
pts
- consent, permission Vin.iii.199.
- choice, selection, delegation Vin.iii.159.
- fixing, determination (of boundary) Vin.i.106.
- common consent, general opinion, convention, that which is genera …
sant →
pts
- being, existing DN.i.61, DN.i.152; AN.i.176; Iti.62 sq.; Snp.98, Snp.124.
- good, true SN.i.17; Dhp.151.
Cases
■ nom. sg. m. santo Snp.98; Mil.32; Cnd.635 (= samāna); f. satī (q.v.); n …
sati →
pts
…Dhs-a.121; Mil.37; upaṭṭhitā sati presence of mind DN.iii.252, DN.iii.282 DN.iii.287; SN.ii.231; AN.ii.6, AN.ii.218; AN.iii.199;…
satthar →
pts
…Nāthaputta, Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta, Ajita-Kesakambalī.
5 teachers at Vin.ii.186; AN.iii.123.
3 at DN.i.230; AN.i.277. The Master *par…
satthi →
pts
Satthi1
neuter & feminine the thigh Vin.ii.161; Thag.151; Vv.81#17; Ja.ii.408; Ja.iii.83; Ja.vi.528; antarā˚ between the thighs AN.ii.245.
cp. Sk. sakthi
satthika →
pts
adjective belonging to a caravan DN.ii.344.
fr. sattha3
sañcaya →
pts
accumulation, quantity Snp.697; Iti.17 (aṭṭhi˚); Mil.220.
fr. saṃ + ci
saññā →
pts
…fruit); Vism.112 (rūpa˚ & aṭṭhika˚).; saññaṃ karoti to imagine, to think Ja.ii.71; to take notice, to mind Ja.i.117. 5. sign, gesture…
saṅghāta →
pts
…multitude Pv-a.206 (aṭṭhi˚ mass of bones, for the usual ˚sanghāṭa); Ne.28. 4. Name of one of the 8 principle purgatories Ja.v.266,…
saṅghāṭa →
pts
…(papañca˚) Freq. as aṭṭhi˚ (cp. sankhalā etc.) a string of bones, i.e. a skeleton Thag.570; Dhp-a.iii.112;…
saṅkantika →
pts
school of thought (lit. gone over to a faction), a subdivision of the Sabbatthivādins SN.v.14; Vism.374 sq.; Mhvs.5, Mhvs.6; Dpvs.5, 48; Mhbv.97.
fr. sankanta
saṅkhalikā →
pts
…Ja.vi.3; Mil.279
■ aṭṭhi˚; a chain of bones, a skeleton [cp. BSk. asthi-sankhalikā Mvu.i.21] DN.ii.296 =…
saṅkhalā →
pts
chain Thig.509. aṭṭhi˚; a chain of bones, skeleton AN.iii.97. As -kaṅkalā at Thig.488.
cp. Sk. śṛnkhalā
saṅkhā →
pts
…DN-a.i.41 (uyyānaṃ Ambalaṭṭhikā t’eva s. g.). saṅkhaṃ na upeti (nopeti) cannot be called by a name, does not count cannot be…
saṅkhāra →
pts
one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …
saṭṭhi →
pts
ordinal number sixty DN.i.45; DN.ii.261; Snp.538; Dhp-a.iii.412 (ekūna˚). It is found mostly in the same application as cha (group-number) e.g. at Ja.i.64 (˚turiya-sahassāni); Vv- …
senā →
pts
an army Vin.i.241; Vin.iv.104 sq. (where described as consisting of hatthī assā, rathā, pattī), Vin.iv.160; SN.i.112; AN.iii.397; AN.v.82; Ja.ii.94; Mil.4; Mnd.95 (Māra˚), Mnd.174 (id.).
- *-[gutta] …
seta →
pts
…Mhvs.10, Mhvs.54.
- -aṭṭhika lit. (having) white bones, (suffering from) famine [cp. BSk. śvetāsthi Divy.131]…
sotthi →
pts
well-being, safety, bless ing AN.iii.38 = AN.iv.266 (“brings future happiness”) Ja.i.335; s. hotu hail! DN.i.96; sotthiṃ in safety, safely Dhp.219 (= anupaddavena Dhp-a.iii.293); Pv.iv.6#4 (= niru …
sovatthika →
pts
adjective safe MN.i.117; Vv.18#7 (= sotthika Vv-a.95); Ja.vi.339 (in the shape of a svastika?); Pv.iv.3#3 (= sotthi-bhāva-vāha Pv-a.250). -ālaṅkāra a kind of auspicious mark Ja.vi.488.
either …
su →
pts
Su1
indeclinable a part. of exclamation “shoo!”; usually repeated su su Ja.ii.250; Ja.vi.165 (of the hissing of a snake); Thag-a.110 (scaring somebody away), Thag-a.305 (sound of puffi …
sugata →
pts
faring well, happy, having a happy life after death (gati): see under gata; cp. Vism.424 (s. sugati-gata). Freq. Epithet of the Buddha (see Dict. of Names).
- *-[aṅgula](/define/a …
sukha →
pts
adjective noun agreeable, pleasant, blest Vin.i.3; Dhp.118, Dhp.194, Dhp.331; Snp.383; paṭipadā, pleasant path, easy progress AN.ii.149 sq.; Dhs.178; kaṇṇa-s. pleasant to the ear DN.i.4; happy, pleas …
sukka →
pts
…Ne.150; (nt.) semen, sukkavisaṭṭhi emission of semen Vin.ii.38; Vin.iii.112; Vin.iv.30; Kv.163.
Vedic śukra; fr….
sutta →
pts
Sutta1
asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …
suññatā →
pts
emptiness, “void,” unsubstantiality, phenomenality; freedom from lust, ill-will and dullness, Nibbāna MN.iii.111; Kv.232; Dhs-a.221; Ne.118 sq., Ne.123 sq., Ne.126; Mil.16; Vism.333 (n’atthi; *[suññ …
sāhatthika →
pts
adjective with one’s own hand Ja.i.168; Dhs-a.97; Snp-a.493; Kp-a.29.
fr. sahattha
sāla →
pts
sālā →
pts
large (covered & enclosed) hall large room, house; shed, stable etc., as seen fr. foll examples: aggi˚; a hall with a fire Vin.i.25, Vin.i.49 = Vin.ii.210 āsana˚; hall with seats Dhp-a.ii.65; *ud …
sāmatthiya →
pts
ability Mhvs.37, Mhvs.243
abstr. fr. samattha
sīvathikā →
pts
cemetery, place where dead bodies are thrown to rot away Vin.iii.36; DN.ii.295 sq.; AN.iii.268 AN.iii.323; Ja.i.146; Pv.iii.5#2 (= susāna Pv-a.198); Vism.181 Vism.240; Pv-a.195. Sivana & siveti;
et …
taca →
pts
…used together with nahāru aṭṭhi (tendons & bones), to denote the outer appearance (framework) of the body, or that which is most conspicuous…
takkārī →
pts
the tree Sesbania Aegyptiaca (a kind of acacia) Thig.297 (= dālika-laṭṭhi Thag-a.226).
tapassin →
pts
adjective noun one devoted to religious austerities, an ascetic (non-Buddhist). Fig. one who exercises self-control & attains mastery over his senses Vin.i.234 = AN.iv.184 (tapassī samaṇo Gotamo); D …
tayo →
pts
…tesaṭṭhi (63; Pv-a.111 (Jambudīpe tesaṭṭhiyā nagarasahassesu). 2. in nominal compounds: see te˚.
f….
taṇhā →
pts
(lit.) drought, thirst; (fig.) craving, hunger for, excitement the fever of unsatisfied longing (c. loc.: kabaḷinkāre āhāre “thirst” for solid food SN.ii.101 sq.; cīvare piṇḍapāte taṇhā = greed for Sn …
thīna →
pts
stiffness, obduracy, stolidity indifference (cp. thaddha & tandī, closely related in meaning). Together with; middha it is one of the 5 hindrances (nīvaraṇāni) to Arahantship (see …
ti →
pts
Iti (ti)
indeclinable emphatic deictic particle “thus”. Occurs in both forms iti & ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of “iti” is …
titti →
pts
satisfaction (in = loc.) Dhp.186 = Thag-a.287 (na kahāpaṇavassena t. kāmesu vijjati); n atthi t. kāmānaṃ Thig.487; Ja.v.486 (dhammesu) Vv-a.11; Pv-a.32 (˚ṃ gacchati find s.), Pv-a.55 (paṭilabhati) …
tiṭṭhati →
pts
…= Cnd.283, tiṭṭheyya saṭṭhikappasahassāni to stay on indefinitely); tiṭṭheyya kappaṃ DN.ii.103. tiṭṭhantī anto vimānasmiṃ…
tāla →
pts
…a kernel of the palm fruit Dhp-a.ii.53, cp.60 (˚aṭṭhi-khaṇḍa); -kanda a…
ubbhaṭṭhaka →
pts
…ṭha + ka of sthā, prob. contracted fr. ubbhaṭṭhitaka
ucchindati →
pts
to break up, destroy, annihilate SN.v.432 (bhavataṇhaṃ), AN.iv.17 (fut. ucchecchāmi to be read with variant reading for T. ucchejjissāmi); Snp.2 (pret. udacchida), Snp.208 (ger. ucchijja); Ja.v.383; D …
udaya →
pts
rise, growth; increment, increase; income, revenue, interest AN.ii.199; Pts.i.34; Vv.84#7 (dhan’atthika uddayaṃ patthayāna = ānisaṃsaṃ atirekalābhaṃ Vv-a.336); Vv.84#52 ; Dhp-a.ii.270; Pv-a.146 (ul …
ukkaṭṭhita →
pts
…agginā santatto ukkaṭṭhito, variant reading ukkuṭṭhito); Ja.iv.118 (variant reading pakkudhita = pakkuṭhita, as gloss).
for…
upatiṭṭhati →
pts
…tiṭṭhati C.); Mil.231 (ger ˚tiṭṭhitvā); Ja.v.173 (˚tiṭṭhate). pp. upaṭṭhita (q.v.).
upa +…
upaṭṭhahati →
pts
…Pv-a.20
pp upaṭṭhita (q.v.).
2. (intrs.) to stand out or forth, to appear, to arise, occur, to be…
upaṭṭhita →
pts
…Snp.130 (bhattakāle upaṭṭhite when mealtime has come) Snp.898; Dhp.235; Mil.274; Pv-a.124 (dānakāle ˚e). 3. standing up (ready),…
upaṭṭhāti →
pts
…Pv-a.20
pp upaṭṭhita (q.v.).
2. (intrs.) to stand out or forth, to appear, to arise, occur, to be…
uppīḷeti →
pts
- to press (down) on to, to hold (tight to (with acc.), to cover up or close MN.i.539 (piṭṭhi-pāṇiṃ hanukena); Ja.i.483 (hatthena akkhīni); Ja.ii.245 (hatthikumbhe mukhaṃ); Ja.v.293 (aggalaṃ); Thag\ …
usabha →
pts
…of 20 yaṭṭhis (see yaṭṭhi or 140 cubits Ja.i.64 (eight), Ja.i.70 (id.); Ja.ii.91; Ja.iv.17 (one), Ja.iv.142…
ussādana →
pts
- overflowing, piling up, abundance MN.iii.230 (opp. apasādana).
- (probably confused with ussāraṇa) tumult, uproar, confusion AN.iii.91, AN.iii.92 (variant reading ussāraṇa) = Pp.66 (= hatthiassara …
uṭṭhāna →
pts
- rising, rise, getting up, standing (opp. sayana & nisīdana lying or sitting down) DN.ii.134 (sīha-seyyaṃ kappesi uṭṭhāna-saññaṃ manasikaritvā); Dhp.280 (˚kāla); Ja.i.392 (an˚-seyyā a bed from wh …
vammeti →
pts
to dress in armour, to armour Ja.i.180; Ja.ii.94 (mangala-hatthiṃ)
pp vammita.
Denom. fr. vamma
vammita →
pts
armoured, clad in armour Ja.i.179 (assa); Ja.ii.315 (hatthi); Ja.iii.8, Ja.v.301, Ja.v.322; DN-a.i.40.
pp. of vammeti, cp. Sk. varmita
vara →
pts
Vara1
adjective excellent, splendid, best, noble. As attribute it either precedes or follows the noun which it characterizes, e.g. -pañña of supreme wisdom Snp.391, Snp.1128 (= agga …
vata →
pts
Vata1
indeclinable part of exclamation: surely, certainly, indeed, alas! Vin.iii.39 (puris’ usabho vat’ âyaṃ “for sure he is a human bull”) Thig.316 (abbhutaṃ vata vācaṃ bhāsasi); Snp.178, …
vatta →
pts
Vatta1
neuter
- that which is done, which goes on or is customary, i.e. duty, service, custom, function Vin.ii.31; Snp.294, Snp.393 (gahaṭṭha˚) Vism.188 (cetiy’ angaṇa˚ etc.); Dhp-a.i.9 …
vattati →
pts
to move, go on, proceed to happen, take place, to be; to be in existence; to fare to do Snp.p.13 (parivesanā vattati distribution of food was in progress); Snp.654 (kammanā vattati loko keeps up, goes …
vatthi →
pts
- the bladder Vin.iii.117; Ja.i.146; Snp.195; Vism.144 = Dhs-a.117; Vism.264, Vism.345 (mutta˚) 362; DN-a.i.161; Vb-a.248.
- the pudendum: see ˚*kosa*.
- a clyster (-bag): see ˚ …
vavatthapeti →
pts
Vavatthapeti & ˚ṭṭhāpeti
to determine, fix, settle, define, designate, point out Ja.iv.17 (disaṃ ˚tthapetvā getting his bearings); Vb.193 sq. Vism.182; Snp-a.67; Kp-a.11, Kp-a.42, Kp-a.89; Vv-a. …
vavattheti →
pts
to be determined or analysed Pts.i.53, Pts.i.76, Pts.i.84.
unusual pres. med pass formation fr. vi + ava + sthā, formed perhaps after vavatthita
vavatthita →
pts
- entered on, arranged, fixed, determined, settled MN.iii.25; Dhs-a.36
- separated (opp. sambhinna) Vin.ii.67 sq.
pp. of vi + ava + sthā, cp. vavatthapeti & late Sk. vyavasthita “determination”
vavaṭṭhāpeti →
pts
Vavatthapeti & ˚ṭṭhāpeti
to determine, fix, settle, define, designate, point out Ja.iv.17 (disaṃ ˚tthapetvā getting his bearings); Vb.193 sq. Vism.182; Snp-a.67; Kp-a.11, Kp-a.42, Kp-a.89; Vv-a. …
vaḷabhī →
pts
roof; only in cpd. -ratha a large covered van (cp. yogga1) MN.i.175 (sabba-setena vaḷabhī-rathena Sāvatthiyā niyyāti divā divaṃ); MN.ii.208 (id.), but *vaḷavābhi-*rathena); Ja.vi.266 …
vedha →
pts
…maṃsa˚; its bone: aṭṭhi˚)
■ avedha (to vyath!) not to be shaken or disturbed, imperturbable Snp.322 (=…
vehāyasa →
pts
Vehāyasa = vihāyasa
i.e. air, sky; only used in acc. vehāyasaṃ in function of a loc. (cp. Vv-a.182: vehāyasaṃ = vehāyasa-bhūte hatthi-piṭṭhe), combined with ṭhita (standin …
vejja →
pts
physician, doctor, medical man, surgeon Ja.i.455 Ja.iii.142; Kp-a.21; Snp-a.274 (in simile); Vv-a.185, Vv-a.322; Dhp-a.i.8; Pv-a.36, Pv-a.86; Sdhp.279, Sdhp.351
■ hatthi˚; elephantdoctor Ja …
veḷuva →
pts
…for beḷuva, in -laṭṭhikā SN.iii.91, as sometimes variant reading veḷuva for beḷuva (q.v.).
cp. Vedic…
vidatthi →
pts
span (of 12 angulas or finger-breadths) Vin.iii.149 (dīghaso dvādasa vidatthiyo sugata-vidatthiyā); Vin.iv.279; Ja.i.337; Ja.iii.318; Mil.85; Vism.65, Vism.124, Vism.171, Vism.175, Vism.408; Dhp-a. …
vihāyasa FIXME double →
pts
Vehāyasa = vihāyasa
i.e. air, sky; only used in acc. vehāyasaṃ in function of a loc. (cp. Vv-a.182: vehāyasaṃ = vehāyasa-bhūte hatthi-piṭṭhe), combined with ṭhita (standin …
vikatthati →
pts
to boast, show off SN.ii.229; Ja.i.454 (= vañcana-vacanaṃ vadati C.)
pp vikatthita.
vi + katthati
vikatthin →
pts
adjective boasting; only neg. a˚; not boasting, modest AN.v.157; Snp.850; Mil.414.
fr. vi + katth
vikatthita →
pts
boasting Ja.i.359.
fr. vikatthati
vilīna →
pts
…tambālohaṃ viya pakkaṭṭhitaṃ lohitaṃ pāyenti); Dhs-a.14 (˚suvaṇṇa)
■ Cp. uttatta in same sense…
vindati →
pts
the Vedic differentiations vetti “to know” and vindati “to find” are both in Pāli, but only in sporadic forms, some of which are archaic and therefore only found in poetry. Of * …
vinicchaya →
pts
…(dhamma˚), Snp.838 (= dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhi-vinicchayā Mnd.186), Snp.867 (˚ṃ kūrute; cp. Mnd.265); Ja.iii.205 (attha˚) Pv-a.1,…
vipphandita →
pts
“writhing,” twitching, struggle MN.i.446; SN.ii.62
■ (fig.) in diṭṭhi˚ combined with visūkāyita) “scuffling of opinion” (Mrs Rh. D.), sceptical agitation, worry & writhing …
visaṭṭhi →
pts
…visaṭṭhi at SN.iii.133 and AN.iv.52 (T. visaṭṭhi probably stands for visatti in meaning “longing, clinging…
vissaṭṭhi →
pts
see visaṭṭhi.
viyatta →
pts
- (adj.) determined, of settled opinion, learned, accomplished; only in stock phrase sāvakā viyattā vinītā visāradā (which Rh. D trsls “true hearers, wise and well-trained, ready etc. …
viyūḷha →
pts
…(maraṇe viyūḷhe = paccupaṭṭhite C.). Cp. saṃyūḷha.
apparently vi + ūḷha, pp. of viyūhati, but mixed in meaning with vi + ūha…
vosāṭitaka →
pts
(food) put down (on cemeteries etc.) for (the spirits of) the departed Vin.iv.89.
wrong spelling for *vossaṭṭhika = v(i) + ossaṭṭha + ika
vā →
pts
indeclinable part. of disjunction: “or”; always enclitic Kp viii. (itthiyā purisassa vā; mātari pitari vā pi). Usually repeated vā-vā (is it so-) or, either-or, e.g. Snp.1024 (Brahmā vā Indo vā p …
vāha →
pts
…also cartload Snp.p.126 (tila˚ = tila-sakaṭa Snp-a.476); Ja.iv.236 (saṭṭhi˚sahassāni 60,000 cartloads); Mil.80 (˚sataṃ).
fr….
vāhana →
pts
- (adj.) carrying, pulling, drawing Vin.ii.122 (udaka˚-rajju); Ja.i.136 (kaṭṭha˚ gathering fire-wood); Pv-a.127 (ratha-yuga˚).
- (nt.) conveyance, beast of burden, monture Vin.i.277 (˚āgāra stab …
vāraṇa →
pts
Vāraṇa1
neuter warding off, obstruction, resistance Vb-a.194, Vb-a.195 (= nivāraṇa)
■ ātapa˚; sunshade Dāvs i.28; Dāvs v.35.
fr. vṛ; to obstruct
Vāraṇa2
- elephant Ja …
vāseti →
pts
Vāseti1
Caus. of vasati2 (q.v.).
Vāseti2
to perfume, to clean or preserve by means of perfumes, to disinfect (?) Vin.i.211 (here in the sense of “preserve, cure,” …
vāsin →
pts
Vāsin1
adjective (-˚) clothed in, clad Snp.456 (sanghāṭi˚), Snp.487 (kāsāya˚); Pv.iii.1#6 (sāhunda˚); Ja.iii.22 (nantaka˚); Ja.iv.380 (rumma˚); f. vāsinī Vin.iii.139 ( …
vāta →
pts
wind. There exists a common distinction of winds into 2 groups: “internal and “external” winds, or the ajjhattikā vāyo-dhātu (wind category), and the bāhirā. They are discussed at Vb.84, quoted a …
ya →
pts
Ya˚
I. Forms
(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …
yamaka →
pts
- (adj.) double, twin; only in foll. combinations: -pāṭihāriya (& ˚hīra); the miracle of the double appearances, a miracle performed by the Buddha in Sāvatthī to refute the heretical teachers (cp. …
yanta →
pts
…= Vb-a.241.
- -cakkha-yaṭṭhi the stick of the wheel of a (sugar-mill Vb-a.60.
- -nāḷi a mechanical tube…
yathā →
pts
adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …
yaṭṭhi →
pts
…Vedic yaṣṭi. Another Pali form is laṭṭhi
yodha →
pts
warrior, soldier, fighter, champion Vin.i.73 (yodhā yuddh’ âbhinandino… pabbajjaṃ yāciṃsu); Ja.i.180; Mil.293.
- -ājīva one who lives by battle or war, a soldier SN.iv.308 = AN.ii …
yāna →
pts
- going, proceeding Ja.vi.415 (+ ayāna, opposed to ṭhāna).
- means of motion, carriage, vehicle. Different kinds of carriages are enumerated at Mnd.145 (on Snp.816) with hatthi˚; (elephant-), *g …
yāvatā →
pts
indeclinable lokasmiṃ yad idam arahanto “as far as the abodes of beings, as far as heaven, these are the highest these are the best, I mean the Arahants.” SN.iii.84 yāvatā dhammā sankhatā vā asankhatā …
ñāṇa →
pts
…dibbacakkhu Pts.i.114; dhammaṭṭhiti SN.ii.60, SN.ii.124; Pts.i.50; nibbidā Pts.i.195; pubbe-nivāsânusati MN.i.22 MN.i.248, MN.i.347;…
ābandhana →
pts
- tie, bond DN-a.i.181 = Pp-a.236 (˚atthena ñāti yeva ñāti-parivaṭṭo).
- tying, binding Vism.351 (˚lakkhaṇa, of āpodhātu).
- reins (?) or harness (on a chariot) Ja.v.319 (but cp. C expln.</ …
ākoṭana →
pts
…(f. ākoṭanī of paññā, expld. by “nivāraṇapatoda-laṭṭhi viya paññā koṭinī hoti” p. 254).
=…
ānisaṃsa →
pts
…(yāguyā), AN.ii.251 (upaṭṭhita-satissa), AN.ii.253 sq. (sīlavato sīlasampadāya etc., as above), AN.ii.267 (sucarite), AN.ii.441;…
ārañjita →
pts
furrowed, cut open, dug up, slashed torn (perhaps also “beaten”) MN.i.178 (hatthipadaṃ dantehi ārañjitaṃ an elephant-track bearing the marks of tusks, i.e. occasional slashes or furrows).
in form = …
ārūḷha →
pts
- ascended, mounted, gone up, gone on to Ja.iv.137; Ja.vi.452 (T. āruḷha); Vism.135 (nekkhamma-paṭipadaṃ an˚); Vv-a.64 (magga˚); Pv-a.47 (˚nāva), Pv-a.56 (hatthi˚).
- come about, effected, made …
āsa →
pts
Āsa1
contracted form of aṃsa in cpd. koṭṭhāsa part., portion etc.: see aṃsa1. Can we compare BSk. āsapātrī (see next).
Āsa3
…
āsi →
pts
Āsi & Āsiṃ
3rd & 1st sg. aor. of atthi (q.v.).
āsiṃ →
pts
Āsi & Āsiṃ
3rd & 1st sg. aor. of atthi (q.v.).
āsuṃ →
pts
3rd pl. aor. of atthi.
āvatthika →
pts
adjective befitting, original, inherent (one of the 4 kinds of nomenclature) Vism.210 = Kp-a.107.
ā + vatthika
āyuka →
pts
…manussesu (10 000 years) Pv-a.73; cattāḷīsa˚ Dhp-a.i.103; catusaṭṭhi-kapp’āyukā subhakiṇhā Vism.422.
fr. āyu
āyuta →
pts
adjective
- connected with, endowed, furnished with Thag.753 (dve pannaras’āyuta due to twice fifteen); Snp.301 (nārī-varagaṇ˚ = ˚saṃyutta Snp-a.320); Pv.ii.12#4 (nānā-saragaṇ˚ ˚yutta Pv-a.157). …
āyāma →
pts
…Pv-a.77 (+ vitth˚), Pv-a.113 (id. + ubbedha); Dhp-a.i.17 (saṭṭhi-yojan˚).
fr. ā + yam, see āyamati
ūru →
pts
…MN.iii.92; Ja.i.428 (ūraṭṭhika); Kp-a.49, Kp-a.50 (ūraṭṭhi).
- -(k)khambha stiffening or rigidity of the thigh, paralysis of the…
ṭhita →
pts
standing, i.e. (see ṭhāna I) either upright (opp nisinna, etc.), or immovable, or being, behaving in general. In the latter function often (with ger. pleonastic for finite verb (cp. …
ṭhiti →
pts
…cp. MN.ii.26 sq.
■ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa (state or condition of) SN.ii.124; Pts.i.50 sq
■ n atthi dhuvaṃ ṭhiti: the duration is not…
ṭhāna →
pts
(ṭṭhāna) neuter
I. Connotation
As one of the 4 iriyāpathā (behaviours)
- contrasted (a) as standing position with sitting or reclining (b) as rest with motion.
- by itself without parti …