He lived at Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga country and built a palace called Kokanada. When the palace was completed, the Buddha was staying at Bhesakalāvana near by, and Bodhi sent a message by Sañjikāp …

Bodhi: from verbal root budhi to awaken, to understand: awakening, enlightenment, supreme knowledge. Through Bodhi one awakens from the slumber or stupor inflicted upon the mind by the defilemen …

Bodhi¹

feminine (supreme knowledge, enlightenment, the knowledge possessed by a Buddha (see also sambodhi & sammā-sambodhi) MN.i.356; MN.ii.95 = DN.iii.237 (saddho h …

…Gautama Sziddhárta által a bódhi-fa (füge: ficus religiosa) alatt ülve elért állapot, amelynek során felismerte, hogyan lehet a…

A banyan tree in Uruvelā, on the banks of the Nerañjara, near the Bodhi tree. A week after the Enlightenment the Buddha went there and spent a week cross-legged at the foot of the tree. There he met …

The Bodhisatta, born as a brahmin teacher. In the Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.iv.136–138 we are told that among Araka’s pupils those who followed his teachings were born in the Brahma-world, while the others …

The name of a tribe and a country, the capital of which was Suṃsumāragiri. The Bhagga country lay between Vesāli and Sāvatthī.

The Buddha went there several times in the course of his wanderings AN.i …

A grove in the Bhagga country. It contained a Deer Park wherein the Buddhastayed, on Suṃsumāragiri. Nearby was the house in which lived Nakulapitā and Nakulamātā. AN.ii.61 AN.iii.295 SN.iii.1 SN.iv.11 …

The name given to a being who aspires to Bodhi or Awakening. Originally only in connection with the last life of a Buddha, especially after having left home, in such contexts as “in the days before my …

BārānasīBenares

The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …

A town in India. It lay on the road between the Bodhi-tree and Benares. It was between the Bodhimanda and Gayā that the Buddha, on his way to Isipatana, met Upaka. Vin.i.8

The Buddha stayed at Gayā …

In the time of Kassapa Buddha he was a potter of Vehaliṅga, looking after his blind parents. He was a very pious and devoted follower of the Buddha, ministering to him better than anyone else, and the …

Jotipāla¹

The Bodhisatta born as a brahmin of Vehaliṅga in the time of Kassapa Buddha. Ghaṭīkāra was his friend and invited Jotipāla to accompany him to the Buddha, but Jotipāla refused to …

Kassapa¹

One of the seven Buddhas mentioned in the Canon. DN.ii.7

Among those who attained arahantship under Kassapa is mentioned Gavesī, who, with his five hundred followers, strove alwa …

KhattiyānīVelāmikā

Chief of the eighty-four thousand women who waited on the Bodhisatta when he was once a mighty king Mahāsudassana of Kusāvatī. SN.iii.146 DN.ii.188

The palace of Bodhirājakumāra, to which he invited the Buddha and the monks to a meal when the Buddha was staying at Bhesakalāvana; the palace was just completed. Vin.ii.127 Vin.iv.199 MN.ii.91

Bhesa …

Kālāma¹

The name of a family. Mention is made of a town belonging to them in Kosala, which was called Kesaputta. The sermon preached by the Buddha on his visit to Kesaputta is justly famou …

The Bodhisatta born as king of Kusāvati. DN.ii.169ff.

Wife of Nakulapitā. They were householders of Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga-country. When the Buddha visited the village and stayed at Bhesakalāvana, they went to see him. They immediately fell at his …

Husband of Nakulamātā. They were householders of Suṃsumāragiri in the Bhagga-country. When the Buddha visited the village and stayed at Bhesakalāvana, they went to see him. They immediately fell at h …

NālāNālakagāmakāNālagā

A village in Māgadha, near the Bodhi tree at Gayā. Thig.294

near Gayā3town

A young brahmin, friend of Bodhirājakumāra. He was sent to invite the Buddha to Bodhi’s palace, Kokanada. Vin.ii.127f. MN.ii.91

SikhīArindama

A Buddha of a past age.DN.ii.7 DN.iii.195f. SN.ii.9

• He was born in the Nisabha pleasance in Aruṇavatī.
• His father was the khattiya Aruṇa and his mother Pabhāvatī.
• His wife wa …

SusumāragiriSuṃsumāragiri

A city in the Bhagga country, of which it was probably the capital. Near the city was the Bhesakalāvana where the Buddha stayed.

During his visits there he preached the Anu …

The fourth of the six deva worlds. AN.i.210

Four hundred years of human life are equal to one day of the Tusita world and four thousand years, so reckoned, is the term of life of a deva born in Tusit …

Upaka¹

An Ājivaka whom the Buddha met on his way between Gayā and the Bodhi Tree, after he set out from Isipatana for the preaching of the First Sermon. Upaka questioned the Buddha on his …

UruvelāSenānigamaUruvelapattana

A locality on the banks of the Nerañjara, in the neighbourhood of the Bodhi-tree at Buddhagayā. MN.i.166 The place chosen by the Bodhisatta for his penances was calle …

Vappa ¹

One of the group of five monks who practiced with the Bodhisatta before his Awakening, and who were his first monastic followers. Vappa was disappointed when the Buddha began takin …

The Vaṃsas and their country. It lay to the south of Kosala, and its capital was Kosambī on the Yamunā. Udena, son of Parantapa, was its king in the time of the Buddha.

Avanti lay to the south of th …

a megvilágosodás velejárói, kísérői

perfect understanding (of a Buddha); complete awakening.

jātaka¹

neuter a birth; a story describing a previous life of the Buddha (when he was a bodhisatta); the name of one of the nine categories (aṅgas) of the scriptures; one of the collec …

Awakening: see: Bodhi

Bodhipakkhiya-dhammā: The 37 ‘things pertaining to enlightenment’, or ‘requisites of enlightenment’ comprise the entire doctrines of the Buddha. They are:

the 4 foundations of awarenes …

Bodhisatta: ‘Enlightenment Being’, is a being destined to Buddhahood, a future Buddha. According to the traditional belief a Bodhisatta, before reaching his last birth as a Buddha on this earth, i …

Buddha: see: sammā-sambodhi.

Enlightenment: bodhi - The 7 elements of e.: bojjhanga - A being destined for e.: Bodhisatta.

Pacceka-bodhi: ‘solitary enlightenment’; see: the foll. and bodhi.

Pacceka-buddha: an ‘Solitarily Enlightened One’; or Separately or Individually = pacceka Enlightened One renderings by ‘Silent’ or ‘Private Buddha’ are not very apt. This is a term for an Araha …

Paramī: Pāramitā: ‘perfection’. Ten qualities leading to Buddhahood: 1 perfection in giving or generosity; dāna - pāramī 2 morality sīla - p 3 renunciation nekkhamma - p 4 understan …

Puñña-kiriya-vatthu: ‘bases of meritorious action’. In the suttas, 3 are mentioned consisting of giving generosity; dāna - maya - p of morality sīla - maya - p and of mental de …

Tathāgata: the ‘Perfect One’, lit. the one who has ‘thus gone’, or ‘thus come’, is an epithet of the Buddha used by him when speaking of himself.

To the often asked questions, whether the Tathāga …

Ti-sarana: ‘Threefold Refuge’, in which every faithful adherent of the Buddha puts his whole trust, consists in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha see: prec..

The Buddha, or Enlightened One, …

the highest enlightenment Ja.i.14 (parama˚). Cp. abhisambujjhana and (sammā-) sambodhi.

abhi + sambodhi

adjective awakened to the highest wisdom Pv-a.137 (Bhagavā).

pp. of abhisambodheti, Caus. of abhi + sambujjhati

1. (pass.) realised, perfectly understood DN.iii.273; SN.iv.331; Iti.121 an˚; not understood MN.i.71, MN.i.92, MN.i.114, MN.i.163, MN.i.240
2. (med.) one who has come to the realisation of the highe …

to become wideawake, to awake to the highest knowledge, to gain the highest wisdom (sammāsambodhiṃ) DN.iii.135; Iti.121 aor. -sambujjhi SN.v.433; Pv-a.19. In comb^n. *abhisambujjhati abh …

Agga¹

adjective noun

1. (adj.)
   1. of time: the first, foremost Dpvs.iv.13 (saṅgahaṃ first collection). See cpds
   2. of space: the highest, topmost, Ja.i.52 (˚sākhā)
   3. of qual …

awakening; perception, recognition, understanding SN.i.126 (?) = AN.v.46 (anubodhiṃ as aor. of anubodhati?); Pp.21; Mil.233. Freq. in comp^n. ananubodha (adj.) not understanding, not knowi …

to wake up, to realise, perceive, understand; aor. anubodhiṃ AN.v.46 (?) = SN.i.126 (anubodhaṃ)
caus -bodheti to awaken, fig. to make see to instruct Ja.vi.139 (˚ayamāna)
pp *[anubuddha](/defin …

to go or move round, viz.

1. to deal with, be engaged in, perform, worship Vin.iii.307 (ādiccaṃ); DN.i.240; Pv-a.97.
2. to meet Mil.204 (Devadatto ca Bodhisatto ca ekato anuparivattanti).
3. to move …

Asana¹

neuter stone, rock Ja.ii.91; Ja.v.131.

Vedic aśan(m)

Asana²

neuter eating, food; adj. eating Ja.i.472 (ghatâsana epithet of the fire; Ja.v.64 (id.) Usually in neg. for …

adjective

1. able, capable, fit for (-˚ or with dat. or inf.); abhabba unfit, incapable Vin.i.17; SN.iii.27 (dukkha-kkhayāya); SN.iv.89 (id.) Pp.12, Pp.13; Vism.116 (bhikkhu), neg. Iti.106 (antakir …

(or bimbī) gold, of golden colour DN-a.i.280 = Snp-a.448 (in Bdhgh’s fanciful etym of king Bimbisāra, viz. bimbī ti suvaṇṇaṃ, sārasuvaṇṇa-sadisa-vaṇṇatāya B.).

• *-[jāla](/def …

Bodha¹

form is sambodha = bodhi, viz. knowledge, wisdom, enlightenment, Buddhaship DN.iii.54 (variant reading sam˚); Dhs-a.217; in phrase bodhāya maggo Ja.i.67; Mil.244, Mil.289; and in …

factor or constituent of knowledge or wisdom. There are 7 bojjhangas usually referred to or understood from the context. There are enumerated at several places, e.g. at DN.iii.106, where they are ment …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

adjective endowed with knowledge, having the elements of bodhi, being enlightened Dhs-a.217.

fr. bujjhana

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

tree AN.iii.43; Ja.i.87, Ja.i.272; Ja.ii.75, Ja.ii.270; Ja.vi.249, Ja.vi.528; Vv.84#14; Mil.278 Mil.347; Vv-a.161.

• -agga
  1. the top of a tree Ja.ii.155.
  2. a splendid tree V …

adjective noun a householder, one who leads a domestic life, a layman (opp. pabbajita & paribbājaka). Geu. sg. gihissa (DN.iii.147, DN.iii.167) & gihino (DN.iii.174); n. pl. gihī; in compounds *gihī …

1. As adj. n.un
   1. born, grown, arisen, produced (= nibbatta pātubhūta Cnd.256) Snp.576 (jātānaṃ maccānaṃ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayaṃ); jātena maccena kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ Dhp.53 = Mil.333; yakkhinī …

1. sign, characteristic mark; esp. a sign as implying something extraordinary or pointing to the future, therefore a prognosticative mark (cp. talisman), a distinguishing mark or salient feature, prop …

1. worthiness, venerableness Mil.357.
2. a (religious) festival (in honour of a Saint, as an act of worship) Mhvs.33, Mhvs.26 (vihārassa mahamhi, loc.); Vv-a.170 (thūpe ca mahe kate), Vv-a.200 (id.) …

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

the top part, best part of milk or butter, etc. i.e. cream scum; fig. essence of, the pick of, finest part of anything parisā˚; the cream of a gathering, the pick of the congregation, excellent cong …

adjective

1. made of ram(s) horn, said of a (very strong) bow Ja.ii.88 (˚dhanu); Ja.v.128 (˚singadhanu).
2. belonging to a ram, in meṇḍaka-pañha “question about the ram” Mil.90 alluding to the sto …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

adjective

1. wearing a garland (or row) of flowers (etc.) Pv.iii.9#1 (= mālābhārin Pv-a.211); f mālinī Vv.36#2 (nānā-ratana˚); Mhvs.18, Mhvs.30 (vividhadhaja˚ mahābodhi).
2. (pe …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

adjective restrained, bound to, constrained to, sure (as to the future), fixed (in its consequences), certain, assured, necessary DN.ii.92 (sambodhiparāyanā), DN.ii.155; DN.iii.107; Snp.70 (= ariyamag …

adjective each one, single, by oneself, separate, various several DN.i.49 (itthi); DN.ii.261 (˚vasavattin, of the 10 issaras); SN.i.26 (˚gāthā a stanza each), SN.i.146 (˚brahma an independent Brahma); …

indication, location, range, district; region, spot, place SN.ii.227, SN.ii.254 SN.v.201; AN.ii.167 (cattāro mahā˚); Dhp.127 (jagati˚), Dhp.303; Ja.ii.3, Ja.ii.158 (himavanta˚); Ja.iii.25 (id.), Ja.ii …

1. original or natural form, natural state or condition (lit. make-up); as ˚- = primary original, real Vin.i.189; Vin.ii.113; Ja.i.146 (˚vesena in her usual dress); Kp-a.173 (˚kammakara, ˚jeṭṭhaput …

adjective noun siding with, associating with; m. part, side; only in phrase (satta-tiṃsa-) bodhi-pakkhiya-dhammā the 37 parts of enlightenment Iti.75 (satta only); Ja.i.275; Vism.678 sq.; Snp-a.1 …

1. ripeness, maturity, development, perfection DN.i.9 (cp. DN-a.i.94); Ud.36 (pañca dhammā paripākāya saṃvattanti); Ja.i.142, Ja.i.148 Ja.vi.236; Mil.288; Vism.116 (bodhi˚), Vism.199; Dhp-a.i.89 (˚g …

Parāyana & Parāyaṇa

neuter

1. (n.) final end, i.e. support, rest, relief SN.i.38; AN.i.155, AN.i.156 (tāṇa lena dīpa etc.); Ja.v.501 = Ja.vi.375 (dīpañ ca p.).
2. (adj. ˚)
   1. going through to, en …

Parāyana & Parāyaṇa

neuter

1. (n.) final end, i.e. support, rest, relief SN.i.38; AN.i.155, AN.i.156 (tāṇa lena dīpa etc.); Ja.v.501 = Ja.vi.375 (dīpañ ca p.).
2. (adj. ˚)
   1. going through to, en …

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

to wish for, desire, pray for, request, long for SN.iv.125; SN.v.145; Snp.114 Snp.899; Thig.341; Mnd.312, Mnd.316; Pp-a 208 (āsaṃsati +) Pv-a.148; Sdhp.66, Sdhp.319; ppr. patthento Pv-a.107 *pat …

Puthavī & Puthuvī

feminine the earth; as puthavi at SN.i.186; Ja.i.14 (variant reading puthuvi); Ja.iv.233, in compounds; -nābhi the navel of the earth (of the bodhimaṇḍa the Buddha’s seat under t …

Puthavī & Puthuvī

feminine the earth; as puthavi at SN.i.186; Ja.i.14 (variant reading puthuvi); Ja.iv.233, in compounds; -nābhi the navel of the earth (of the bodhimaṇḍa the Buddha’s seat under t …

adjective natural, in its original or natural state Ja.v.274; Mil.218 (maṇiratana); Dhp-a.i.20; Vv-a.288; Pv-a.66 (where id. p Ja.iii.167 reads paṭipākatika), Pv-a.206; pākatikaṃ karoti to resto …

completeness, perfection, highest state Snp.1018, Snp.1020; Pp.70; Dhp-a.i.5; Vv-a.2 (sāvakañāṇa˚); Pv-a.139; Sdhp.328. In later literature there is mentioned a group of 10 perfections (*dasa pāram …

the trumpet flower, Bignonia Suaveolens DN.ii.4 (Vipassī pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho); Vv.35#9; Ja.i.41 (˚rukkha as the bodhi tree); Ja.ii.162 (pāṭali-bhaddaka sic. variant reading for phālibhaddaka) …

“what is carried together,” viz.

1. accumulation, product, preparation; sambhāraseda bringing on sweating by artificial means Vin.i.205.
2. materials, requisite ingredients (of food) Mil.258; Ja.i.48 …

the same as sambodha, the highest enlightenment DN.i.156; DN.ii.155; Dhp.89 = SN.v.29; Snp.478; SN.i.68, SN.i.181; AN.ii.14; Iti.28, Iti.42, Iti.117; Snp-a.73 See also sammā˚. …

the same as sambojjhanga AN.v.253 sq.; SN.v.24; cp. spelling sambodhi-anga at Dhp.89; Dhp-a.ii.162.

constituent of Sambodhi (enlightenment), of which there are seven: sati, selfpossession; dhammavicaya, investigation of doctrine viriya, energy; pīti, joy; passaddhi, tranquillity samādhi, concentrati …

Sammā¹

a pin of the yoke Abhp.449; a kind of sacrificial instrument Snp-a.321 (sammaṃ ettha pāsantī ti sammāpāso; and sātrā-yāgass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ). Cp. Weber Indische Streifen i.3 …

(rohiccasarabhā migā = rohitā sarabhamigā, C. ibid. 538) Sarabhamigajātaka the 483rd Jātaka Ja.i.193, Ja.i.406 (text sarabhanga); Ja.iv.263 sq.

• -pallaṅka “antelope-couch,” a …

Satta¹

hanging, clinging or attached to Vin.i.185; DN.ii.246; Mnd.23, Mnd.24; Dhp.342; Ja.i.376 Cp. āsatta¹ & byāsatta.

pp. of sañj: sajjati

Satta²

1. (m.) a li …

agreed on, reckoned; (-˚) so-called, named DN.i.163 (akusala˚ dhammā); DN.iii.65 DN.iii.133 = Vin.iii.46 (theyya˚ what is called theft); DN-a.i.313 (the sambodhi, by which is meant that of the thre …

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

Soṇa¹

a dog Ja.i.146; Ja.vi.107 (= sunakha); Snp.675; Vism.191; Dhp-a.iii.255 (+ sigāla); soṇi (f.) a bitch Mhvs.7, Mhvs.8 = sona Iti.36.

see suvāṇa

Soṇa^{2</s …}

god Snp.681 (= deva Snp-a.484); name of a Bodhisatta Ja.v.12, Ja.v.13 surakaññā a goddess, a heavenly maid Ja.v.407 (= devadhītā, C.); surinda the king of gods Mhbv.28. Opp asura. …

Vatta¹

neuter

1. that which is done, which goes on or is customary, i.e. duty, service, custom, function Vin.ii.31; Snp.294, Snp.393 (gahaṭṭha˚) Vism.188 (cetiy’ angaṇa˚ etc.); Dhp-a.i.9 …

difference, distinction, discrepancy, disproportion(ateness) MN.i.453 MN.i.494; SN.ii.21; SN.iii.101; SN.v.200; AN.iii.410 sq.; Snp.p.102 (puggala˚); Ne.4, Ne.72 sq., Ne.107 sq.; Mil.284, Mil.285. The …

one of the dogmatic terms of Buddhist teaching varying in meaning in diff. sections of the Canon. It is not always the positive to avijjā (which has quite a well-defined meaning f …

separation Ja.vi.482; Mhvs.19, Mhvs.16 (Mahābodhi˚); Pv-a.160, Pv-a.161 (pati˚ from her husband) Sdhp.77, Sdhp.164.

vi + yoga 2

indeclinable

1. as conjunction: if; constructed either with pres. indic., as: Snp.189; “yadi bodhiṃ pattuṃ icchasi” Ja.i.24 (v. 167); “yadi dāyako dānaṃ deti… etaṃ bījaṃ hoti” Pv-a.8; or pot.; o …

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

adverb

1. (as prep.) up to (a point), as far as, how far so far that (cp. tāva I), both temporal and local, used either with absolute form of noun or adj. (base), or nom., or abl. or *acc …

…Tathágathának, Bhagavának stb. Vö: bódhi