(usually ~ī)n. & masculine

1. (mfn.) doing, making, producing.
2. (n) the hand; the trunk of an elephant.

(~ī)n. & m. (& n.)

1. (mfn. and m.f.) doing, making; a maker, a worker.
2. (m. and n.) making; acting; act; an act of homage or service (esp. involving a gift).

prison; confinement.

…MN.i.93; Cnd.262#b. -sukara easy to do SN.i.9; SN.ii.181; Dhp.163; Ud.61; na sukaraṃ w. inf. it is not easy to……

… ■ a (adj. n.) (cp. kara) one who does handles or deals with: ayakāra iron-smith Mil.331.

fr. kār-, cp. Vedic kāra song of praise,…

confinement, captivity, jail, in -bhedaka cora a thief who has broken out of jail Vin.i.75.

cp. Sk. kārā

The river on whose banks was the Lonagiri (or Lena°) vihāra where lived the Thera Sabbaka (Sappaka). Thag.307–310

Here also, in a cave, dwelt the Thera Bhūta. Thag.518f.

This river was probably …

…that he did not pay respect to age. To them he preached the four Thera-karaṇā dhamma. AN.ii.22

24.695102, 84.9912751shrine

AjātasattuVedehiputta

Son of Bimbisāra, King of Māgadha, and therefore half-brother to Abhayarājakumāra. He murdered his father to gain the throne, and conspired with Devadatta to kill the Buddha, b …

A well-known paribbājaka who lived in the Paribbājakārāma on the banks of the River Sappinī near Rājagaha. He is mentioned as staying with the well-known paribbājakas, Varadhara and Sakuludāyi. …

An eminent wandering ascetic. He is mentioned as living in the Paribbājakārāma in the Moranivāpa in Veḷuvana near Rājagaha. He was probably one of the company who was with Sakuludāyi when the Buddha c …

…mother of the Yakkha Piyaṅkara, while wandering in search of food, heard him at night reciting some verses from the Dhammapada and stood…

A park about three miles from Kosambī SN.iii.126 where Khemaka stayed during his illness. Rāhula spent a whole night in the Buddha’s toilet at the Badarikārāma because he was unwilling to violate the …

A potter in Rājagaha in whose dwelling the Buddha met and conversed with Pukkusāti. MN.iii.237

Bhaggava seems to have been a generic name for all potters, perhaps a special form of address used towar …

Bālakaloṇakāra BākalonakārāgamaBālakalonakārāma

A locality near Kosambī.

When the monks of Kosambī started quarrelling, the Buddha left them and went to Bālakalonakārāma, where he visited Bhagu and …

…Asoka, son of Samankara, and eighty four thousand of his descendants; also sixteen kings, ancestors of Okkāka. The city itself had been…

…them for him. This the Cakkaratana does, carrying with it through the air the Cakkavatti with his fourfold army. Wherever the Cakkaratana halts,…

…of a Cakkavatti, the Cakkaratana is the chief. After the Wheel, other Treasures make their appearance: first the Elephant, Hatthiratana; it is…

A city in India on the river of the same name; it was the capital of Aṅga and was celebrated for its beautiful lake, the Gaggarā-pokkharaṇī. On its banks was a grove of campaka-trees, well known for …

…Buddha preached the Bhaddekaratta Sutta in Tāvatiṃsā.MN.iii.199f. The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.i.53 records a conversation between Candana and…

Citta¹

A householder of Macchikāsaṇḍa, where he was Treasurer. He was later declared by the Buddha to be pre-eminent among laymen who preached the Doctrine. AN.i.26

When Mahānāma visited …

…sweet rice and cakes and sūkaramaddava. At the meal the Buddha ordered that he alone should be served with sūkaramaddava, and that what was left…

DaṇḍakīraññaDandakārañña

The forest which overgrew Kaliṅga when it was laid waste through the wickedness of King Dandakī. MN.i.378

Kaliṅga3forest

A pool near Kosambī. Close by was the Pilakkhaguhā and the Paribbājakārāma, where Ānanda once visited Sandaka and held a discussion with him. MN.i.513

25.321684,81.3180543lake

Dhaniya¹Dhanika

A herdsman living on the bank of the river Mahī. One day, while he was in this house, having finished his preparations for the approach of the rains, he sat meditating on h …

A Koliyan, inhabitant of Kakkarapatta. There he visited the Buddha and asked for a teaching which would bring happiness both in this world and the…

Nephew of Bandhula, commander-in-chief of Pasenadi. After Bandhula’s death, Dīgha was appointed in his place and accompanied the king. Once, during their travels, they came to Nangaraka and, hearing …

…He visited the Buddha at Sūkarakhatalena and the Buddha preached to him the Dīghanakha Sutta, at the end of which he became a sotāpanna. In the…

In the time of Kassapa Buddha he was a potter of Vehaliṅga, looking after his blind parents. He was a very pious and devoted follower of the Buddha, ministering to him better than anyone else, and the …

…DN.iii.39

The Sūkara-khatalena was on the slope of Gijjhakūṭa, and there the Buddha was once visited by Dīghanakha. SN.v.233…

The gate by which the Buddha left Pāṭaligāma, after having eaten there at the invitation of Sunidha and Vassakāra. Vin.i.230 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.89

Pāṭaliputta2building

HimavāHimācalaHimavantaHimālaya

The Himālaya mountains. In Himavā, are seven great lakes, each fifty leagues in length, breadth and depth—Anotattā, Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī …

…them Caṅkī, Tārukkha, Pokkarasāti, Jāṇussoṇi and Todeyya.

There were also two learned youths, Vāseṭṭha and Bhāradvāja at…

IsipatanaMigadayaDeer Park

An open space near Benares, the site of the famous Migadāya or Deer Park. It was eighteen leagues from Uruvelā, and when Gotama gave up his austere penances his friends, th …

JetavanaJeta’s GroveAnāthapiṇḍaka’s ParkAnāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmaAnāthapiṇḍada’s Park

A park in Sāvatthī, in which was built the Anāthapiṇḍikārāma. When the Buddha accepted Anāthapiṇḍika’s invitation to …

Jotipāla¹

The Bodhisatta born as a brahmin of Vehaliṅga in the time of Kassapa Buddha. Ghaṭīkāra was his friend and invited Jotipāla to accompany him to the Buddha, but Jotipāla refused to …

A wanderer who, with his friend Mandissa, visited the Buddha at the Ghositārāma. DN.i.159 The Buddha preached to them the Jāliya Sutta. According to the Pātika Sutta, when Jāliya heard that Pātika cou …

A township of the Koliyans. It was while the Buddha was staying there that the Koliyan Dīghajāṇu came to see him. AN.iv.281

27.51557,83.773493town

A Yakkha, mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta as being one of the chief Yakkhas who should be invoked by followers of the Buddha when they need protection. DN.iii.204

Kassapa¹

One of the seven Buddhas mentioned in the Canon. DN.ii.7

Among those who attained arahantship under Kassapa is mentioned Gavesī, who, with his five hundred followers, strove alwa …

KassapakārāmaKassapārāma

A monastery in Rājagaha, probably near Veḷuvana. It was here that Assaji stayed during his last illness, when the Buddha visited him to comfort him. SN.iii.125

25.01281,85.3 …

…last king of this dynasty. His son was called Samankara. MN.ii.82

A monk. He had been a disciple of the Buddha and was born in the Aviha Brahma-world, where he attained to arahantship at the moment of his birth. He is mentioned with six others, all in like circumst …

An arahant. Once, when he lay very ill at the Badarikārāmā, near Kosambī, some monks, staying at the Ghositārāma, sent one of their number, Dāsaka, with a message to Khemaka, inquiring whether he mana …

The capital of King Khemaṅkara and the birthplace of Kakusandha. DN.ii.7

4town

Khemaṅkara¹Khemaṅkura

The constant attendant of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.6

Khemaṅkara²KhemaKhemākara

The king of Khema or Khemavatī, where the Buddha Kakusandha was born. DN.ii.7

King of Benares at the time of the Buddha Kassapa. When the Buddha arrived in Benares, the king, having listened to his sermon, entertained the Buddha and his monks at the palace. When the Buddha was …

The capital of the Vatsas or Vaṃsas. In the time of the Buddha its king was Parantapa, and after him reigned his son Udena. Kosambī was evidently a city of great importance at the time of the Buddha f …

…once stayed;. AN.ii.194 Kakkarapatta, where lived Dīghajāṇu; AN.iv.281 and Haliddavasana, residence of the ascetics Puṇṇa Koliyaputta and…

kārambhīKāranvī

A wood in which the Elder Cittaka sojourned for some time. Thag.22

4park

A powerful tribe of India in the time of the Buddha. They were certainly khattiyas, for on that ground they claimed a share of the Buddha’s relics. DN.ii.165

Their capital was Vesāli, and they form …

…brahmin of Makkarakata in Avanti. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was living there in a forest hut, a number of Lohicca’s pupils came…

…to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lomasakaṅgiya in the Nigrodhārāma in Kapilavatthu, and questioned him…

…Vin.i.194 and in a hut in Makkarakata forest. SN.iv.116

Mention is also made of his staying at Vāraṇā on the bank of Kaddamadaha; AN.i.65 at…

…his voice like that of a karavīkā bird; 29. his eyes intensely black; 30. his eyelashes like a cows; 31. between his eyelashes are soft,…

The books contain a list of seven great lakes, situated in the Himālaya. They form the sources of the five great rivers and dry up only when four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotat …

A locality in Avanti. Mahā Kaccāna once stayed there in a forest hut and was visited by Lohicca and his pupils. SN.iv.116f.

Avanti3town

Chief queen of Pasenadi, king of Kosala.

Mallika’s knowledge of the Dhamma made her wiser than Pasenadi would have desired, and he once, in a moment of great affection, asked if anyone were dearer to …

Mallikāya ārāmaMallikārāma

A park in Sāvatthī belonging to Queen Mallikā. DN.i.178 MN.ii.22

27.50735, 82.074733park

…took his last meal, of Sūkaramaddava, at the house of Cunda. DN.ii.126f. From there he went to Kusinārā, and there, as he lay dying, he sent…

MedāḷupaMedatalumpa

A Sākyan village three leagues from Nagaraka. MN.ii.119 Pasenadi when staying there with Dīgha Kārāyana, heard that the Buddha was there and visited him. On this occasion was prea …

A grove in Veḷuvana at Rājagaha. It contained a Paribbājakārāma, the resort of recluses of various denominations. The Udumbarika Sīhanāda, the Mahā Sakuladāyi and the Culla Sakūladāyi Suttas were prea …

Nagaraka Naṅgaraka

A Sākyan township near Medatalumpa. From there Pasenadi, accompanied by Dīgha-Kārāyana, paid his last visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Dhammacetiya Sutta. MN.ii.118

The Bu …

Nigrodha¹

A wanderer. Once, when he was staying with a large number of colleagues at the Udumbarikārāma near Rājagaha, Sandhāna, on his way to see the Buddha, stopped him and entered into …

…there taught him the Bhaddekaratta Sutta. Is this Lomasakaṅgiya the same as Lomavaṅgīsa, who is also mentioned SN.v.327 as having lived in…

…were named Okkāmukha, Karakaṇḍa, Hatthinika, and Sīnipura. They lived on the slopes of the Himalaya and, consorting with their sisters…

A little boy Yakkha. While his mother, with him on her hip, was seeking for food at night, she came unexpectedly to Jetavana where Anuruddha was reciting some verses. The sound pleased her and she sto …

Nephew and pupil of Bāvarī. At the time that he visited the Buddha with the other disciples he was 120 years old and very feeble. At the end of his discussion with the Buddha, as recorded in the Piṅgi …

A brahmin of Vesāli. The Aṅguttara Nikāya records a conversation between him and Kāraṇapālī. The latter meets Piṅgiyānī and, on learning that he was returning from a visit to the Buddha, asks him abou …

A wanderer. A discussion between him and the Buddha on samādhi and on the soul, which took place in Mallikārāma in Sāvatthī, is reported in the Poṭṭhapāda Sutta. Poṭṭhapāda, accepting the Buddha’s v …

PālileyyaPārileyyaPārileyyaka

A town near Kosambī. When the Buddha found that he could not persuade the Kosambī monks to refrain from quarrelling, he left Kosambī alone and unattended, and passing th …

The Buddha visited Pātaligāma shortly before his death. Although it later became the capital of Magadha, it was then a mere village. At that time Ajātasattu’s ministers, Sunīdha and Vassakāra, were en …

A naked ascetic of Vesāli who went about claiming to have greater mystic powers than the Buddha, and thereby much impressed Sunakkhatta. Pātikaputta had prophesied that, after death, the Licchavi gene …

Revata¹Khadiravaniya

An eminent disciple of the Buddha, declared by him foremost among forest dwellers. AN.i.24

His Theragāthā verses appear under two names. As Khadiravaniya he admonishe …

RāhulaRāhulabhadda

Only son of Gotama Buddha. When the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu for the first time after his Enlightenment and accepted Suddhodana’s invitation, Rāhula’s mother sent the boy to the …

A city, the capital of Māgadha.

The place was called Giribbaja (mountain stronghold) because it was surrounded by five hills—Paṇḍava, Gijjhakūṭa, Vebhāra, Isigili and Vepulla. It is said MN.iii.68 th …

RāmagāmakaRāmagāma

A Koliyan village on the banks of the Ganges. Its inhabitants claimed and obtained a share of the Buddha’s relics, over which they erected a thūpa. DN.ii.167

26.146795,84.098271town

SabbakaSappaka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his joy in living on the banks of the Ajakaraṇī, practising meditation. Thag.307–310.

SakkharaSakkāra

A township of the Sākyans where the Buddha once stayed with Ānanda. SN.v.2 It was not far from Rājagaha and was the residence of Macchariya Kosiya.

Sākya, not far from Rājagaha3town

A famous Paribbājaka. The Mahā-Sakuladāyī and the Culla Sakuladāyī Suttas record two conversations between him and the Buddha in the Paribbājakārāma at Moranivāpa in Rājagaha.

He is also said to hav …

…questioned him on the Bhaddekaratta Sutta. Samiddhi confessed ignorance, and the Deva asked him to learn it from the Buddha. This he did from a…

A Paribbājaka who joined the Order and soon after left it. He then went about proclaiming in Rājagaha that he knew the Dhamma and Vinaya of the Sakyaputta monks, and that was why he had left their Ord …

…disciples among monks.

• Akhila and Padumā among nuns.
• His constant attendant was Khemaṅkara.
• Among his patrons were Sirivaḍḍha and…

SippinikātīraSappinīSappinīkā

A river that flowed through Rājagaha. On its bank was a Paribbājakārāma where famous Paribbājakas lived in the Buddha’s time. AN.i.185 AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 SN.i.153

Rājagaha3river

Sudhamma¹

He lived in Macchikāsaṇḍa, in a monastery (the Ambātakārāma) provided by Citta. Citta used to invite Sudhamma to his house for meals. One day Sāriputta, at the head of several em …

…offer of marriage to King Anikaratta of Vāraṇavatī, speaking of the loathsomeness of the body and the bliss of Nibbana. She cut off her hair by…

SumāgadhāSumāgavā

A lotus pond near Rājagaha. The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions the Buddha as relating the story of a man who went to Sumāgadhā with the thought, “I will speculate about the world.” He saw …

A minister of Māgadha, who, with Vassakāra, was in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built in order to repel the Vajjīs. These two are always mentioned together. They invited the Buddha to a …

A town in Kosala. It was regarded in the Buddha’s time as one of the six great cities of India, the others being Campā, Rājagaha, Sāvatthī, Kosambī and Benares. DN.ii.146 In the Vinaya Vin.i.253 howev …

A tribe in North India, to which the Buddha belonged. Their capital was Kapilavatthu. Mention is also made of other Sākyan settlements - e.g., Cātumā, Khomadussa, Sāmagāma, Devadaha, Sīlavatī, Nagara …

SūkarakhaSūkarakhataSūkarakhatala

A cave on the side of Gijjhakūṭa, where the Buddha stayed. There he preached the Dīghanakha Sutta to…

TindukkhānuTindukkhānuparibbājakārāma

A dwelling of wanderers near Vesāli. It was the residence of Pāthikaputta. DN.iii.17

near Vesāli3non-Buddhist monastery

UddakaRāmaputta

One of the teachers under whom Gotama, after leaving the world and before he became the Buddha, received instruction. Uddaka taught him the doctrine which had been realised and procla …

Upaka¹

An Ājivaka whom the Buddha met on his way between Gayā and the Bodhi Tree, after he set out from Isipatana for the preaching of the First Sermon. Upaka questioned the Buddha on his …

Upananda¹

A monk, belonging to the Sākyan clan, who was known for his greed in procuring requisites. Several incidents connected with him are mentioned in the Vinaya. Once he promised to s …

A householder of Campā, a devout and skilled follower of the Buddha. Once, when on his way to see the Buddha at Gaggarā Lake, he found he had arrived too early and went into the Paribbājakārāma near b …

A noted wanderer in the time of the Buddha. He lived with Annabhāra, Sakuludāyī and others in the Paribbājakārāma, on the banks of the Sappinikā, AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 and again in the Moranivāpa in Rāja …

A brahmin, chief minister of Ajātasattu. He and Sunidha were in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built against the Vajjī. Vin.i.228 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.72ff.

At Ajātasattu’s suggestion, Vass …

VekaliṅgaVebhaliṅgaVehaliṅga

A township where lived Ghaṭīkāra, friend of Jotipāla. SN.i.34 SN.i.60

The township was in Kosala, and once, during his long stay in Kosala, the Buddha visited the ārāma …

A city, capital of the Licchavis. It is not possible to know how many visits were paid by the Buddha to Vesāli, but the books would lead us to infer that they were several. Various Vinaya rules are me …

One of the nine aṅgas, into which the Dhamma was organized by way of literary style. It means “Answer” or “Explanation” and refers to discourses elaborated by way of question and answer.

…of existence e.g., Piyaṅkaramātā and Punabbasumātā, and even Vessavaṇa, listening to Veḷukaṇḍakī Nandamātā reciting the…

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …

szándék, akarat, indíttatás

akarás, óhaj, szándék

élelem

figyelem

ellenérzés, rosszakarat

végsőkig hatoló, átható-, mélyreható tudatműködés

(or ~ā f.) continuous training

the settling of a case or dispute

1. subject of discussion or attention; case, legal question; dispute (in the saṅgha, to be formally dealt with).
2. cause.

one who causes disputes or lawsuits

(a method) of settling a case or dispute

disputatious.

service, help; act of merit.

1. the (false) conception of one’s individuality; pride, conceit.
2. the theory of self-creation

devoted to the theory of self-creation

the not doing, not making; abstention

1. not to be done or made; not to be dealt with; what is not to be done.
2. (mfn.) with nothing to do

(-ikā)n.

1. who is not an agent; who is not the perpetrator; innocent.
2. who performs no service; of no use

absence of a cause or (a valid) reason; not a cause; not the case

ornament, decoration; the act of decorating; improvement.

giving sight; awakening

blinding; confusing

1. (m.n.) darkness; blackness.
2. (mfn.) dark, obscuring; obscured.

or masculine dark; or darkness.

(& ~a mfn.?) pitch darkness:

without having consent

putting an end (to, gen.)

(~ī)n. causing obstacles; preventing

gradual training.

considered action; action undertaken after scrutiny

legal question or case concerning support, or concerning a faction, or a legal question or case arising from censure or criticism

hospitality

action by oneself; a personal service

(the place for) dealing with lawsuits; seat of judgment, courtroom

stuffing the cheeks full; so as to make the cheeks swell.

leftovers or surplus from a meal.

dish for the left overs or surplus

worthy of respectful salutations

(the place for) dealing with lawsuits; seats of judgment, courtroom

one of the parties in a lawsuit

the “wheel treasure” of the cakkavatti(n)

(~ī)n. producing sight or insight.

leather worker; a shoe maker.

indeclinable making the sound “capucapu”

painter; decorator.

painter.

which adorns or improves (makes fit?)

adornment or improvement (making fit?) and equipping of thinking?

respect; consideration.

time for making or working on robes.

an artisan in ivory; an ivory-worker.

net on a stick; a kind of snare.

water-vessel.

threshing floor.

( ~ā, ī)n., n

1. (mfn.) weakening.
2. (n.f.) the weakening (of)

(what is) hard to do; difficult to perform or practice; (it is) hard, a difficult thing.

who does what is hard to do.

, compar. harder to do; more difficult.

of poor appearance; with poor characteristics.

slaves and servants.

answerable; to be answered with certainty, or with an absolute affirmation

delight in solitude

(the art of) causing or aiding conception.

house-builder, a mason, a carpenter.

inducing respect.

(an act of) respect, veneration.

appropriate for householders.

indeclinable sticking out the tongue.

(of food) solid, material; (food) to be swallowed

(of food) solid, material; (food) to be swallowed

1. sometime or other; once in a while; (in a question) ever.
2. only once in a while, rarely; hardly ever, if at all

(-ikā)n. & m. feminine bringing about contention; quarrelsome; a party to a quarrel

of excellent speech, having a fine speaking voice

~ī, feminine doing work; a worker; a hired laborer or servant

~ī, feminine working; a servant; a laborer

(one) who or which is competent to enact an official act of the saṅgha

torture, torment, pain; punishment

torture, torment, pain; punishment

one who makes something lawful or acceptable (for bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs, or for other ascetics, e.g. by offering to them things without an owner or by using money to provide robes); one who acts …

ring-pull or wheel (used for drawing water)

body produced by action, the physical body

(a servant or slave) brought home as a captive (in war).

sweet voiced bird, prob. the indian cuckoo bird

sweet voiced bird, prob. the indian cuckoo bird

speaking sweetly as a karavīka bird

speaking sweetly as a karavīka bird

“oleander leaf”, a kind of arrowhead.

handful.

the act of making, doing, effecting; enacting.

to be done or made; to be dealt with; what is to be done, what should be done; business, affair; duty; need

covered box or basket (of bamboo); (according to commentaries) the slough of a snake.

1. a covered box or basket.
2. an enclosure.

kaṇikara flower.

making the noise “khulukhulu)”; so as to make a rattling noise.

…must be done; job, task. 2. (n.) see kiccādhikaraṇa

doing what should be done, doing one’s duty; serving a purpose, useful

duty to be performed, business to be done; various duties or affairs

legal case or matter to be dealt with involving or connected with a formal act (of the saṅgha)

duty, any duty at all

kiṃ kārapaṭissāvi(n)

mfn. ready for any action required; agreeing to all (requests for) service

kiṃ kārapaṭissāvi(n)

mfn. ready for any action required; agreeing to all (requests for) service

for what reason? why?

for what reason? why?

silkworm.

silk weaver.

potter

potter

potter’s pot

potter’s hearth or kiln

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of anyone); (the power of) acting as one likes

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of (the power of) fulfilling one’s desires, acting as one likes

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of anyone); (the power of) acting as one likes

on account of desire, in consequence of desire

(one) who breaks out of confinement; a jail-breaker

1. (one) who makes or does or produces; the actor (in an action); the perpetrator (of a crime).
2. (one) who performs a service; a servant; a benefactor.

the saṅgha which performs a formal act; the enacting saṅgha

who does acts of homage or service

causes to do or make, causes to perform or carry out or suffer; has (something) done or made; deals with (with an act of the saṅgha); administers, supervises (the working of); occupies a position (o …

action; proper action; special action, task, feat.

chaff; sweepings.

kāraṇā¹

abl. because of; for the sake of (+gen. or ifc)

kāraṇā²

feminine torture, pain; punishment.

(from kāranā2) a torturer; an executioner.

having something made or done; dealing with (with an act of the saṅgha)

cause to make or do; has (something) made or done

cause to make or do; has (something) made or done

caused to be made or done

nasal-dropper.

or mfn. of naṅgala (a place) where there has been plowing (?)

legal question or case which has been settled.

without motive; disinterested

humbleness; obedience; respect.

requiring (formally acquired) supervision, requiring a mentor.

of various kinds.

of various kinds.

difference; distinction; separation.

producing a support, making for protection.

degradation, demeaning.

causes to give an opportunity; obtains consent; gains permission (esp. to speak)

one who oppresses (others); a bully (?)

following advice; obeying instructions

having something (still) to do

takkara¹

mfn (one) who does that, who follows that.

takkara²

masculine (m.) a thief.

curtain; a screen.

the other side of a fence or wall; ~am (and ~ā), through a fence; to the other side of a fence; ~e, over the fence; on the other side of the fence.

“a ford maker”, founder of a religious order.

“a covering of grass”, one of the seven adhikaraṇasamatha (method of setting a case or dispute)

useful object; means, instrument, implement; requisite.

who is a help; helping; useful; beneficial.

arrow maker, a fletcher

uttari-karaṇīya

neuter something further to be done; a further task

(~ī)n. producing knowledge or understanding.

who is the first to perform a particular action

1. form, appearance; external characteristic, sign, gesture; expression; deceptive appearance, pretense.
2. mode; sort; aspect; way, manner.
3. cause, reason.
4. dividing up, detailing; definition.

having a form; having a cause; grounded

having a form; having a cause; grounded

light-giving, illuminitating

making it into lumps; tearing of bits.

the feat of immovability (or a trained elephant)

the feat of immovability (or a trained elephant)

legal case or dispute concerning an offense

as a consequence of guarding or holding fast

Abhibhāyatana: the 8 ‘stages of mastery’, are powers to be obtained by means of the kasina-exercises see: kasina. In the Com. to M. 77, where āyatana is explained by ‘means’ kārana it is sa …

Advertence: Directing of mind to the object: āvajjana is one of the functions of consciousness viññāna-kicca. Cf. manasikāra

[[answering questions]]Answering questions: 4 ways of: see: pañhā-byākarana

Attention: see: manasikāra

Bhavanga-sota: and Bhavanga-citta: The first term may tentatively be rendered as the ‘undercurrent forming the condition of being, or existence’, and the second as ‘subconsciousness’, though …

Catu-vokāra-bhava: ‘four-group existence’, is the existence in the immaterial world arūpa - loka see: loka since only the four mental groups feeling, perception, mental constructions, co …

Cetanā: ‘intention’, will, is one of the seven mental properties cetasika inseparably bound up with all consciousness, namely sensorial or mental contact phassa feeling vedanā perception *sa …

Eka-vokāra-bhava: one-group existence, is the existence of the unconscious beings asañña-satta as they possess only the materiality-group. Cf. catu-vokāra-bhava pañca-vokāra-bhava.

[[five-group existence]]Five-group existence: pañca-vokāra-bhava

[[four-group existence]]Four-group existence: catu-vokāra-bhava

Paticcasamuppāda: ‘dependent origination’, is the doctrine of the conditionality of all physical and psychical phenomena, a doctrine which, together with that of impersonality anattā, forms the …

Pañca-vokāra-bhava: ‘five-group existence’, is a name for existence in the sense-sphere kāmāvacara or in the fine-material sphere rūpāvacara avacara since all the 5 groups of existence …

Pañhā-byākarana: ‘answering questions’.;There are, o Bhikkhus, 4 ways of answering questions: there are questions requiring a direct answer;…

Āhāra: ‘nutriment’, ‘food’, is used in the concrete sense as material food and as such it belongs to derived materiality see: khandha Summary I. In the figurative sense, as ‘foundation’ or susta …

A-¹

the prep. ā shortened before double cons., as akkosati (ā + kruś), akkhāti (ā + khyā), abbahati (ā + bṛh)

Best to be classed here is the a- we call expletive. …

…(with water) DN.ii.172 (cakkaratanaṃ; neither with Morris J.P.T.S. 1886, 131 “give up”, nor with trsl. of Ja.ii.311 “roll along”);…

…The answer is “thieves”, so we can scarcely take it in meaning of 2 or 3. The C. has vināsa-karaṇaṃ.

etym. unknown, orig. meaning…

overpowered, overwhelmed, vanquished DN.i.121; SN.i.137 (jāti-jarā˚); SN.ii.228 (lābhasakkāra-silokena); AN.i.202 (pāpakehi dhammehi); Ja.i.189; Pv-a.14, Pv-a.41 (= pareta), Pv-a.60 (= upagata), …

strenuousness, exertion, strong endeavour Ja.vi.373 (viriyakaraṇa C.).

abhi + jīhanā of jeh to open ones mouth

adverb repeatedly, continuous, often MN.i.442 (˚āpattika a habitual offender), MN.i.446 (˚kāraṇa continuous practice); Snp.335 (˚saṃvāsa continuous living together); Ja.i.190; Pp.32; Dhp-a.ii.239; Vv …

…out of time, viz.

1. irregular, extraordinary Ja.vi.549, Ja.vi.553.
2. urgent, pressing MN.i.149 (karaṇiyan business), MN.ii.112; Ja.i.338;…

adjective not well thought of Mil.229.

a + citta² + kata; cp. cittikāra

A. Prep. and pref. of direction & place:

1. as direction denoting a movement towards a definite end or goal up to, over, toward, to, on (see C 1a.)
2. as place where (prep. c. loc. or abs.) = …

Adhicca¹

learning, studying, learning by heart Ja.iii.218, Ja.iii.327 = Ja.iv.301; Ja.iv.184 (vede = adhīyitvā C.), Ja.iv.477 (sajjhāyitvā C.); Ja.vi.213; Mil.164.

ger. of adhi + eti, se …

…on the r. s.). Kimâdhikaraṇaṃ why, on account of what Ja.iv.4 (= kiṃkāraṇaṃ) yatvâdhikaraṇaṃ (yato adhi˚) by reason of what,…

one who has to do with the settling of disputes or questions, a judge AN.v.164, AN.v.167.

fr. adhikaraṇa

smith’s anvil Ja.iii.285; Dāvs iii.16 sq.; Dhs-a.263.

to adhikaraṇa 1, orig. meaning “serving, that which serves, i.e. instrument”

attendance, service, administration, supervision, management, help Vin.i.55; Ja.i.56 Ja.vi.251; Mil.60, Mil.115, Mil.165; Pv-a.124 (dāna˚; cp. Pv.ii.9#27); Dhp-a.ii.41.

cp. Sk. adhikāra

adjective (-˚) serving as, referring to Vin.iii.274 (Bdhgh).

to adhikāra

Adhipāta¹

splitting, breaking, only in phrase muddhā˚; head-splitting Snp.988 sq., Snp.1004, Snp.1025 (variant reading Nd ii.˚vipāta).

adhipāteti

Adhipāta²

a moth Snp.964. …

1. price, value, worth, Mil.244; Mhvs.26, Mhvs.22; Mhvs.30, Mhvs.76; Vv-a.77
   ■ mahaggha (adj.) of great value Ja.iv.138; Ja.v.414; Ja.vi.209; Pv.ii.1#18. See also mahāraha. …

…(agha-m-miga = aghakara m. C.). -bhūta a source of pain SN.iii.189 (+ agha & salla).

cp. Sk. agha, of uncertain…

sort of wild animal Ja.vi.247 (= aghāvaha miga), Ja.vi.507 (= aghakara). Cp. BSk. agharika Divy.475.

to agha¹?

pronoun pronoun of 1^st person “I”. nom. sg. ahaṃ SN.iii.235; AN.iv.53; Dhp.222, Dhp.320; Snp.172, Snp.192, Snp.685, Snp.989, Snp.1054, Snp.1143; Ja.i.61; Ja.ii.159
■ In …

…Dhp-a.iii.60. Also as ajakara at Ja.iii.484 (cp. Trenckner, Notes p. 64).

aja + gara = gala fr. *gel to devour, thus…

adjective

1. not doing one’s duty, doing what ought not to be done AN.ii.67; Dhp.292; Mil.66; DN-a.i.296.
2. ineffective (of medicine) Mil.151.

a + kicca + kāra

…gambler Ja.v.116 (C.: ajūtakara). Cp. also accha³.

• -dassa (cp. Sk. akṣadarśaka) one who looks at (i.e….

doing up, fitting out, ornamentation Ja.i.60.

alaṃ + karaṇa, fr. alankaroti

adjective adorning, embellishing, decorating Dhp-a.i.410.

fr. alankaraṇa

to make much of i.e. to adorn, embellish, decorate Ja.i.60; Ja.iii.189; Ja.vi.368). ger. -karitvā Dhp-a.i.410; Pv-a.74
pp alaṅkata
caus alaṅkārāpeti to cause to be ado …

“getting up” i.e. fitting out, ornament, decoration; esp. trinkets, ornaments DN.iii.190; AN.iii.239; AN.iii.263 sq.; Ja.vi.368; Pv-a.23 Pv-a.46, Pv-a.70 (-˚ adj. adorned with), Pv-a.74; Sdhp.249 …

1. friend, companion, fellow-worker, helper, esp one who gives his advice, a bosom-friend Iti.73; Ja.vi.512 (sahajātā amaccā); Pv.ii.6#20 (a ˚-paricārikā well-advising friends as company or around …

adjective not egotistical, unselfish Snp.220 (+ subbata), Snp.777; Ja.iv.372 (+ nirāsaya); Ja.vi.259 (= mamāyana-taṇhā-rahita C.); Pv.iv.1#34 (= mamaṃkāravirahita Pv-a.230); Mhvs.1, Mhvs.66, comb …

…abhāvena Vv-a.337).

• -karaṇa blinding, making blind, causing bewilderment (fig.), confusing Iti.82 (+ acakkhukaraṇa)…

…sq.; Pts.i.155. -kara putting an end to (n.) a deliverer, saviour; usually in phrase dukkhass’a (of the Buddha)…

adjective Primary meanings are “inside” and “in between” as adj. “inner”; in prep. use & in compounds “inside, in between”. Further development of meaning is with a view of contrasting the (two) sides …

…Vism.120; Pv-a.20.

• -kara one who causes impediments or bars the way an obstructor DN.i.227; SN.i.34; AN.i.161;…

imitation Dpvs.v.39.

cp. anukaroti

adjective following in one’s turn, successive, gradual, by and by, regular Vin.ii.237 (mahāsamuddo a˚-ninno etc.); DN.i.184; Snp.511; Ja.v.155 (regularly formed, of ūrū). Cases adverbially: *[anupubb …

disputing, quarrelling(?) Vin.ii.88 (under anuvādâdhikaraṇa).

anu + saṃ + pavankatā; is reading correct?

…SN.iv.128 (id.); Ja.vi.444 (paṇḍitassa˚ = veyyāvaccakara C.); Sdhp.528 (attha˚).

fr. anu + sarati

having known or found out, knowing well or thoroughly, testing, finding out MN.i.301, MN.i.361 (variant reading -vijja); AN.ii.3, AN.ii.84; AN.v.88; Dhp.229 (= jānitvā Dhp-a.iii.329); Snp.530 (= a …

…a question or case of censure Vin.ii.88 sq.; Vin.iii.164 (one of the 4 adhikaraṇāni, q.v.).

fr….

…Ja.vi.88; Mil.180, Mil.234 (˚ṃ karoti), Mil.377 (pūjana +); Snp-a.332 (˚karaṇa). Cp. apacāyana.

Vedic apaciti in diff. meaning, viz….

…karoti); Pv-a.104 (˚kara, adj.), Pv-a.128 (+ paricariya).

abstr. fr. apa + cāy, which is itself a der. fr. ci,…

…= vaddhānaṃ apaciti karaṇena Snp-a.332) = Dhp.109; Ja.i.47, Ja.i.132, Ja.i.201 Ja.ii.299; Ja.v.325; Mil.206; Sdhp.549.

fr. *apacāya;…

to throw away, put off; hurt, offend slight; possibly in reading T. apakiritūna at Thig.447 (q.v.)
pp apakata (q.v.). Cp. apakāra.

apa + karoti, cp. S …

…Sn.ii.198 = Mil.389. See also apakāsati. Apakara & ka;

Sk. apa- & ava-kaṛṣati, cp. apakaḍḍhati

Apakāra & ˚ka

injury, mischief; one who injures or offends Dhp-a.iii.63; Sdhp.283.

cf. Sk. apakāra & apakaroti

Apakāra & ˚ka

injury, mischief; one who injures or offends Dhp-a.iii.63; Sdhp.283.

cf. Sk. apakāra & apakaroti

…Dhs.1059, Dhs.1136 (= ālayakaraṇa-vasena apekkhatī ti apekkhā Dhs-a.365, cp. Dhs trsl. 279). Freq. as adj. (-˚or in comb^n.…

…Dhs.1059, Dhs.1136 (= ālayakaraṇa-vasena apekkhatī ti apekkhā Dhs-a.365, cp. Dhs trsl. 279). Freq. as adj. (-˚or in comb^n.…

adjective not of natural form, of bad appearance, ugly, deformed Ja.v.69 (= sarīrappakāra-rahita dussaṇṭhāna C.). Cp. apākatika.

a + pakāra

adjective not in proper or natural shape, out of order, disturbed Dhp-a.ii.7. Cp. appakāra.

a + pākata + ika

…brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāya* “destroyed is (re-) birth lived is a chaste life, (of a student) done is what…

Asabbhin = asabbha

Ja.i.494, more freq. in compounds as asabbhi˚; e.g.

• -kāraṇa a low or sinful act Mil.280.
• -rūpa low, common Ja.vi.386 (= asādhu-jātik …

Asabbhin = asabbha

Ja.i.494, more freq. in compounds as asabbhi˚; e.g.

• -kāraṇa a low or sinful act Mil.280.
• -rūpa low, common Ja.vi.386 (= asādhu-jātik …

orig. a sharp stone as hurling-weapon thence in mythol. Indra’s thunderbolt thunder-clap, lightning Ja.i.71, Ja.i.167; Ja.ii.154; Ja.iii.323; Mil.277; Vv-a.83.

• -aggi the fire …

to taste SN.ii.227 (lābha-sakkārasilokaṃ); Vism.73 (paviveka-sukha-rasaṃ); Dhp-a.i.318.

Denom. fr. assāda

adverb = ati + iva, orig. “much-like” like an excess = excessive-ly. There are three forms of this expression, viz.

1. ati + iva in contraction atīva (q.v.)
2. ati + iva with …

atta (the latter is the form used in comp^n.)

I. Inflection

1. of attan- (n. stem); the foll. cases are the most freq:
   ■ acc. attānaṃ DN.i.13, DN.i.18 …

…in name of Commentary

• -kara beneficial, useful Vin.iii.149 Mil.321
• -karaṇa the business of trying a case, holding court, giving…

adjective

1. (to attha¹) profitable, good, proper. In this meaning the MSS show a variance of spelling either atthika or aṭṭhika or *[aṭṭhita](/de …

Ava˚

prefix

I. Relation between ava & o

Phonetically the difference between ava & o is this, that; ava is the older form, whereas o represents a later development. Histor …

to come to, approach, visit (cp. Vedic avagacchati) Pv-a.87. Avaganda (-karaka)

ava + gacchati

Avagaṇḍa (-kāraka)

adjective “making a swelling”, i.e. puffing out the cheeks, stuffing the cheeks full (when eating); only nt. -ṃ as adv. after the manner or in the way of stuffing etc. Vin.ii.2 …

Avagaṇḍa (-kāraka)

adjective “making a swelling”, i.e. puffing out the cheeks, stuffing the cheeks full (when eating); only nt. -ṃ as adv. after the manner or in the way of stuffing etc. Vin.ii.2 …

“to put down”, to despise, throw away; only in der, avakāra & avakārin.; pp. avakata (q.v.)
■ See also avākaroti & cp. avakirati 2.

Sk. apakaroti, cp. P. apa˚

…Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.216; MN.i.207; Dhp-a.i.305.

Sk. avaskara faeces, fr. avaṃ + karoti

adverb throwing away, scattering about Vin.ii.214.

fr. avakāra

adjective (-˚) despising, degrading, neglecting Vb.393 sq. (an˚). Avakasa & okasa;

fr. avakāra

adverb the prep. ava in adv. use, down, downward; in C. often expl^d. by adho. Rarely absolute, the only passage found so far being Snp.685 (avaṃ sari he went down, variant …

Ayo & Aya

neuter iron. The nom. ayo found only in set of 5 metals forming an alloy of gold (jātarūpa), viz ayo, loha (copper), tipu (tin), *sīsa …

Ayo & Aya

neuter iron. The nom. ayo found only in set of 5 metals forming an alloy of gold (jātarūpa), viz ayo, loha (copper), tipu (tin), *sīsa …

…Vv.83#16; Dhp-a.i.32.

• -karaṇīya (adj.) that is worthy of being thus honoured DN.iii.5; AN.ii.34; AN.iii.36 AN.iv.13…

…DN.i.168 kiṃ karaṇīyaṃ a. dhammacariyāya SN.i.101; ko nu aññatram-ariyehi who else but the Nobles Snp.886 (= ṭhapetvā…

…pahūta vittūpakaraṇa etc.). Thus at DN.i.115, DN.i.134, DN.i.137; DN.iii.163 Pp.52; Dhp-a.i.3; Vv-a.322; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.78 etc….

1. (lit.) a constituent part of the body, a limb, member; also of objects: part, member (see cpd. ˚sambhāra); uttam˚aṅga the reproductive organ Ja.v.197; also as “head” at Thag-a.209. Usually in cp …

…Vv-a.142.

• -kammakara a charcoal burner Ja.vi.209.
• -kāsu a charcoal pit MN.i.74, MN.i.365;…

charcoal-burner Ja.vi.206 (= angāra-kammakara Ja.vi.209).

…sign, mark, brand Mil.79; -karana branding Ja.iv.366, Ja.iv.375. See also anketi.

Aṅka²

1. a hook Ja.v.322 Ja.vi.218 (variant…

…attention to Vin.i.247. -karaṇīya having much to do, busy DN.ii.76; Vin.i.71; SN.ii.215; AN.iii.116; DN-a.i.237….

…Dhs-a.406 (= punappuna-karaṇa); -karoti to take up seriously, to practise, devote oneself to (acc.) MN.i.454; AN.i.275; AN.iii.79;…

…e.g. dubbalīkaraṇa making weak MN.iii.4; Pp.59, Pp.68; -karaṇin id. DN.iii.183
■ adj. bala strong…

…Snp-a.138; Mhbv.28

• -karaṇa oblation, offering of food Pv-a.81; Vv-a.8 (˚pīṭha, reading doubtful, variant…

indeclinable the letter or sound (syllable) bh; figuring in Bdhgh’s exegesis of the N. Bhagavā as representing bhava, whereas ga stands for gamana, va for vanta Kp-a.109
■ …

…Iti.90; DN-a.i.96 (˚karaṇa)
■ bhaga (in verse “bhagehi ca vibhattavā” in exegesis of word “Bhagava”) at…

potter (?) Ja.iii.381, Ja.iii.382 in voc. bhaggava (m.) & bhaggavī (f.). The terms are not explained in C., evidently because somewhat obscure. According to Kern,

Toevoegsele …

adjective noun having good luck or auspices, fortunate; in def of “Bhagavā” at Vism.210 = DN-a.i.34 (“bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto”); with ref. to the 4 qualities implied in the word “bhagavā,” which pass …

…Ja.iii.99; Vism.26 (˚karaṇa); Snp-a.412. Der. bhākuṭika (q.v.). See also…

to spin (of a wheel), to whirl about, to roam Dhp.371 (mā te kāmaguṇe bhamassu cittaṃ); Ja.i.414; Ja.iii.206 Ja.iv.4 (cakkaṃ matthake); Ja.iv.6 (kumbha-kāra-cakkaṃ iva bh.); Ja.v.478
pp *[bhanta]( …

…̈ωξος sand; Lat. sabulum sand. The Dhtp.326 & Dhtm.452 explain; bhas by bhasmīkaraṇa “reduce to ashes,” a pp. of it is bhasita; it…

…̈ωξος sand; Lat. sabulum sand. The Dhtp.326 & Dhtm.452 explain; bhas by bhasmīkaraṇa “reduce to ashes,” a pp. of it is bhasita; it…

speech, conversation, way of talking, disputation Snp.328 (variant reading for hassa); Iti.71; Mil.90; Vism.127 (grouped into fit talk as the 10 kathā-vatthus, and unfit talk or gossip, as the 32 tir …

feeding, food, nourishment, meal Dhp.185; Pp.28, Pp.55; Ja.ii.15; Ja.v.170 (bhatta-manuñña-rūpaṃ for bhattaṃ-); Vism.66 (where 14 kinds enumerated, i.e. sangha˚ uddesa˚ etc.); Sdhp.118
■ ucchiṭṭh …

…to ashes, cp. bhasmī-karaṇa s. v. bhasma, etc.

II. Meanings.

In general the meaning “to become, to get” prevails, but many…

…-kara causing division or dissension Vin.ii.7; Vin.iii.173 Vin.v.93 (cp. Vin.i.354 & Vin. Texts iii.266 for the 18…

breaking up, splitting, perishing; destruction Ja.i.392; Ja.v.284; Ja.vi.11; Dhp-a.i.257 (kaṇṇā bhijjan’ ākāra-pattā); Thag-a.43 (bhijjana-sabhāva of perishable nature; explⁿ of bhidura …

Bhiṅkāra¹

(& ˚gāra) a water jar, a (nearly always golden) vase, ceremonial vessel (in donations) Vin.i.39 (sovaṇṇa-maya); DN.ii.172; AN.iv.210 = AN.iv.214 (T. ˚gāra, variant reading ˚kāra …

…& cp. Sk. bukkati,…

…Ja.vi.354 (C.: bhun-karaṇa). See also bhussati.

fr. onomat. root *bhukk, dialectical, cp. Prk. bhukkai to bark,…

taking food, act of eating, feasting Ja.iv.371 (˚kāraṇa); Pv-a.184.

• -kāla meal-time Dhp-a.i.346.

fr. bhuñjati¹

…barking Ja.vi.355 (˚sunakha) variant reading bhu-bhukka-sadda-karaṇa.

bhu + kṛ; see bhukka

…bhākuṭi [read bhakuṭi]-karaṇaṃ mukha-saṅkoco ti vuttaṃ hoti.“ It occurs in stock phrase bhākuṭikā bhākuṭiyaṃ kuhanā…

…Vb.199, Vb.325; Vism.130 (karaṇa, bhāvanā, rakkhaṇa; here bh. = bringing out, keeping in existence), Vism.314 (karuṇā˚), Vism.317…

to adorn, embellish, beautify. Only in pp. bhūsita adorned with (-˚) Pv.ii.9#52, Pv.ii.12#7; Pv.iii.3#5; Ja.vi.53. Cp. vi˚.

Caus. of bhūṣ, to be busy; in meaning “to adorn” et …

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

…DN.iii.270 ; MN.i.271 (˚karaṇā dhammā), MN.i.280; MN.ii.84, MN.ii.148, MN.ii.177; MN.iii.60, MN.iii.270 (a bhikkhu addressed as br.);…

…Vb-a.50; Thag-a.28. -kara making a B. bringing about Buddhahood Ja.i.20. -kāraka = ˚kara Mhbv.9….

…-karaṇa (always in combination w. ñāṇa-karaṇa) producing (right) insight (and knowledge) Iti.82 (of…

1. skin, hide, leather Vin.i.192 (sīha˚ vyaggha˚ dīpi˚), Vin.i.196 (elaka˚ aja˚ miga˚) AN.iv.393 (sīha˚ dīpi˚); Pv-a.157 (kadalimiga˚ as rug) Ja.ii.110 (sīha˚); Ja.iii.82, Ja.iii.184; Mil.53; Sdhp.14 …

(or capucapu) a sound made when smacking one’s lips Vin.ii.214 (capucapukāraka adj.), Vin.ii.221; Vin.iv.197.

Caṇḍāla¹

a man of a certain low tribe, one of the low classes, an outcaste; grouped with others under nīcā kulā (low born clans) as caṇḍālā nesādā veṇā rathakārā pukkusā at AN.i.107 = AN.i …

cloth, esp. clothes worn, garment, dress AN.i.206; Pv.ii.12#7 (kañcanā˚ for kañcana˚); Pv.iii.9#3 (for veḷa); dhāti˚ baby’s napkin Ja.iii.539. In simile of one whose clothes are on fire (āditta˚ + ād …

state of ceto in action, thinking as active thought, intention, purpose, will Defined as action (kamma: AN.iii.415; cp. Kvu.viii.9 § 38 untraced quotation; cp. AN.v.292). Often comb …

…science, viz. 1 kappa 2 vyākaraṇā, 3 nirutti, 4 sikkhā, 5 chando (viciti) 6 jotisattha (thus enumerated at Vv-a.265; at Pv-a.97 in sequence…

…to vomit; cp. also avaskara excrements & karīsa dung. From; *sqer to eliminate, separate, throw out (Gr. κρίνω, Lat. ex (s)cerno),…

…science, viz. 1 kappa 2 vyākaraṇā, 3 nirutti, 4 sikkhā, 5 chando (viciti) 6 jotisattha (thus enumerated at Vv-a.265; at Pv-a.97 in sequence…

…is defined at Dhtp.382, Dhtp.406 as “dvedhākaraṇa”

…of mind Cnd.576 (˚karaṇa) -ujjukatā rectitude of mind Dhs.51, Dhs.277, etc.; -uppāda the rise of a thought,…

respect, consideration Vv-a.178 (garu˚), Vv-a.242; Pv-a.26; Vb.371 (a˚); Vism.123 (cittī˚), Vism.188.

see citti

an artist who works in ivory Ja.vi.261 (Com: dantakāra); Mil.331.

turner Ja.vi.339.

gold Vv-a.12, Vv-a.13, Vv-a.166.

Deriv. unknown. Sk. cāmīkara

pleasant, polite in -kammatā politeness, flattery Mil.370 (cp. Sk. cāṭukāra); cāṭu-kamyatā Vb.246; Vism.17, Vism.23, Vism.27; Kp-a.236.

cp. cāru

the (upper) robe of a Buddhist mendicant C. is the first one of the set of 4 standard requisites of a wandering bhikkhu, vir. c˚, piṇḍapāta alms-bowl, *[senāsana](/define/senās …

to give, etc.

I. Forms

The foll. bases form the Pāli verb-system: dā, dāy, dadā & di.

1. Bases dā & (reduced); da
   1. dā˚: fut. dassati Ja.i.113, Ja.i.279 Ja.i …

Danta¹

a tooth, a tusk, fang, esp. an elephant’s tusk; ivory Vin.ii.117 (nāga-d. a pin of ivory); Kp ii. (as one of the taca-pañcaka, or 5 dermatic constituents of the body, viz. kesā, l …

pin of tooth or ivory; makara˚; the tooth of a sword-fish Vin.ii.113, Vin.ii.117; Vin.iv.47. See details under makara.

Dasa¹

the number ten; gen dasannaṃ (Dhp.137); instr. dasahi (Kp iii.) & dasabhi (Vin.i.38). In compounds (-˚) also as ḷasa (soḷasa 16) rasa (terasa 13; pannar˚ 15; aṭṭhār˚ 18).

I. *M …

1. Lit. seeing, looking; noticing; sight of, appearance, look. Often equivalent to an infinitive “to see,” esp. as dat. dassanāya in order to see, for the purpose of seeing (cp. dassana-kāma = da …

adjective firm, strong, solid; steady, fast nt. adv. very much, hard, strongly DN.i.245; SN.i.77; AN.ii.33; Snp.321 (nāvā), Snp.357, Snp.701, Snp.821 (˚ṃ karoti to strengthen), Snp.966 (id.); Dhp.112; …

…Ja.iv.219 daḷhīkaraṇa steadiness, perseverance Snp-a.290 (+ ādhāraṇatā), Snp-a.398 (id). In compounds also daḷhi˚ viz….

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

…Vin.iv.232; AN.i.74

• -karaka a proper or regulation (standard) water-pot i.e. a pot with a filter for straining water as…

bow MN.i.429; Ja.i.50, Ja.i.150 Ja.ii.88; Ja.iv.327; Pv-a.285.

• -kalāpa bow & quiver Vin.ii.192; MN.i.86; MN.ii.99; AN.iii.94; Pv-a.154;
• -kāra a bow maker …

adjective noun (adj.) holding, containing (-˚) MN.i.11 (ahi kaṇṭaka˚; cp ādhāna & kaṇṭaka)
■ (n.) nt. a receptacle Dhp.58 (sankāra˚ dust-heap = ṭhāna Dhp-a.i.445). f. dhānī a seat (= ṭhāna), in …

adjective of the next world, divine, heavenly, celestial, superb magnificent, fit for exalted beings higher than man (devas, heroes, manes etc.), superhuman, opp. mānusaka human. Freq. qualifying the …

…Vv-a.307; usually as divākara (q.v.). Cp. devasika; see also ajja.

• -santatta…

…-kara the “day-maker,” i.e. the sun (cp. divākara Vv-a.169, Vv-a.271;

• -bhāga the…

…-kara (= divaṃ kara) the day-maker, the sun Thag-a.70 (Ap.v.16); Pv-a.155;

• -divassa (adv.) early in the day,…

…SN.ii.204 sq (˚karaṇā dhammā); MN.i.95 (id. specified); AN.ii.147 AN.iii.178; Ne.40, Ne.127.

contamination of Sk. *daurvacasya…

…(k)kata, kara; (g)ga, gata, gati, gandha, gahīta (a)caja, carita, cola; (j)jaha, jāna, jivha, jīvita; (t)tappaya, tara;…

adjective noun

1. (adj. unpleasant, painful, causing misery (opp. sukha pleasant Vin.i.34; Dhp.117. Lit. of vedanā (sensation) MN.i.59 (˚ṃ vedanaṃ vediyamāna, see also below iii.1 …

…MN.i.78, MN.i.308.

• -karaṇḍaka a clothes-chest SN.v.71 = MN.i.215; AN.iv.230
• -koṭṭhagāra a…

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

…cp. AN.iii.41

• -upakaraṇa means or materials for a gift Pv-a.105
• -upapatti (read uppatti at DN.iii.258) an object suitable for…

adjective strong, firm, severe harsh, cruel, pitiless SN.i.101; SN.ii.226; Snp.244; Dhp.139; Ja.iii.34; Pv.iv.3#6 (= ghora Pv-a.251); Mil.117 (vāta) Pv-a.24, Pv-a.52 (= ghora), Pv-a.159 (sapatha a …

…Pv-a.112.

• -kammakara (porisa) a slave-servant, an unpaid labourer, a serf Vin.i.240; AN.i.206; DN.iii.189;…

…Vv-a.51;

• (-ṃ)kara making light, shining, illuminating Cnd.399 (= pabhaṃ kara Snp.1136; but cp. Dhp.236 under dīpa²);…

…of, sham etc.; in -kakkara a decoy partridge Ja.ii.161; -tittira same Ja.iii.358;…

…up, together Ja.v.17 (= sūkarapotakā viya C.).

• -doṇikā (-nāvā) a trough-shaped canoe with an outrigger…

…Pv.iii.5#3 (= ˚mala)

• -karaṇa effecting a conception Snp.927;
• -gata leaving the womb, in putte…

…quality of a l. AN.ii.35 (kinkaraṇiyāni), AN.iii.296 (brahmacariyā);

• -pati see sep.

see under…

…= querquedula = kakkara (partridge); kol (2 B): cuculus kokila (a) kolāhala and halāhala (b) kor (2 B^a) cornix (cp. P….

1. (nt.) the fact or the state of going, movement, journey, walk; (-˚) striving for, the leading of, pursuit AN.ii.48 sq. (gamanena na pattabbo lokass’ anto = one cannot walk to the end of the world) …

…Ja.ii.106; Ja.iii.189; -karaṇḍaka a perfume-box SN.iii.131; SN.v.351; Pp.34; -kuṭī (f.)…

…expl. as ārammaṇa-karaṇa-vasena ganthehi ganthitabba Dhs-a.69; dhammā g˚ ā (“states that tend to be are liable to be ties”…

…expl. as ārammaṇa-karaṇa-vasena ganthehi ganthitabba Dhs-a.69; dhammā g˚ ā (“states that tend to be are liable to be ties”…

1. adj.
   1. lit. heavy, opp. lahu light, applied to bhāra, a load SN.iii.26; Ja.i.196 (= bhārika); Ja.vi.420; Dhp-a.i.48; Sdhp.494 (rūpagarubhāra the heavy load of “form”). Compa …

˚Gavesaka

adjective from next looking for, seeking Ja.i.176 (kāraṇa˚); Ja.ii.3 (aguṇa˚).

…taken (prisoner), in ˚niyyamāna id. SN.i.143 = Ja.iii.361 (expl. as karamaragāhaṃ gahetvā niyyamāna; cp. karamara).

…means, riches Thig.327 (= upakaraṇa Thag-a.234);

• -sita (*śrita) = ˚nissita, connected with worldly life (opp. nekkhamma,…

…enum of the Scriptures in their ninefold division, beginning suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ See under; navaṅga.

grd….

…reads gharadvāra).

• -sūkara a tame, domestic pig Dhp-a.iv.16.

cp. gaha & geha

Ghara²

(˚-); in…

jar Dhp-a.i.426. In compounds also ghaṭi˚.

• -odana rice boiled in a jar Dhp-a.i.426;
• -kaṭāha a water pot, or rather a bowl for gathering alms (cp. ghaṭik …

adjective like a cluster; in phrase massuṃ golomikaṃ kārāpeti “to have the beard trimmed into a ball-or cluster-shape Vin.ii.134. Bdhgh’s explⁿ “like a goat’s beard” (cp Vin. Texts ii …

…s
■ water Vin.i.226. -karaṇa a sugar factory ibid. Vin.i.210. -pūvaka sweet cake Mhvs.10–Mhvs.13…

…alive SN.i.84 karamaragāhaṃ gaheti same Ja.iii.361 (see kara).

fr. gaṇhāti

…(+ nigama˚) -sūkara a village pig Ja.iii.393.

Vedic grāma, heap, collection, parish; *grem to comprise; Lat….

an emphatic particle “hey, oh, hallo I say” Vin.ii.109; Snp.666; iti ha, thus Vin.i.5, Vin.i.12; DN.i.1; a common beginning to traditional instruction Snp.1053; itihītihaṃ (saying), “thus and thus” …

1. hand DN.i.124; AN.i.47; Snp.610; Ja.vi.40
   ■ forearm Vin.iv.221; of animals SN.v.148; Ja.i.149; -pāda hand and foot MN.i.523; AN.i.47; Ja.ii.117; Pv-a.241; Dhp-a.iv.7. sahassa˚; thousand …

an elephant Vin.i.218, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.194 sq (Nālāgiri) = Ja.v.335 (nom. sg. hatthī; gen. hatthissa) DN.i.5; AN.ii.209; Ja.i.358; Ja.ii.102; Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hat …

violence.

only as lexicogr. word; Dhtp.101 = balakkāra

Heraññika (& ˚aka)

goldsmith (? for which suvaṇṇakāra!), banker, money-changer Vism.515 = Vb-a.91; Ja.i.369; Ja.iii.193; DN-a.i.315; Mil.331 (goldsmith?).

• -phalaka the ben …

Heraññika (& ˚aka)

goldsmith (? for which suvaṇṇakāra!), banker, money-changer Vism.515 = Vb-a.91; Ja.i.369; Ja.iii.193; DN-a.i.315; Mil.331 (goldsmith?).

• -phalaka the ben …

…(with gen.) e.g. dāsa-kammakara-porisassa hetu MN.ii.187; kissa hetu why? AN.iii.303; AN.iv.393; Snp.1131; Pv.ii.8#1 (= kiṃ nimittaṃ…

Err:509

…seeking another’s welfare, solicitude Dhs.1056; Dhs-a.362; Vv-a.260.

• -kara a benefactor Mhvs.4, Mhvs.65.

pp. of…

indeclinable an exclamation of surprise or wonder Ja.vi.529 (C. hin ti kāraṇaṃ).

hiṃ = hi, + kāra, i.e. the syllable “hiṃ”

…growling, grumbling Vism.105. huṅkaroti to grumble Dhp-a.i.173. huṅkaraṇa = ˚kāra Dhp-a.i.173 sq See also…

…category; name of the first sections of the Netti Pakaraṇa Ne.1 sq., Ne.195.

fr. harati

…-kara giving pleasure, causing joy Mil.252

• -kkhaya ceasing of laughter Dhtp 439 (in definition of…

in i-kāra the letter or sound i Snp-a.12 (˚lopa), Snp-a.508 (id.).

…padako veyyākaraṇo etc. DN.i.88 = (see DN-a.i.247); AN.i.163; AN.iii.223; Snp.447, Snp.1020 Cp. also Mvu.i.556
■ hītiha…

…a tile Vin.ii.121 (˚pākara a brick wall, distinguished fr silāpakāra & dāru˚); Ja.iii.435, Ja.iii.446 (pākār iṭṭhikā read…

…a tile Vin.ii.121 (˚pākara a brick wall, distinguished fr silāpakāra & dāru˚); Ja.iii.435, Ja.iii.446 (pākār iṭṭhikā read…

1. producing, production Vism.369; adj. (-˚) producing: pasāda˚ Mhvs.i.4 (= ˚kāraka); a species of karma Vism.601; Cpd. 144 (A.i).
2. n. f -ikā genetrix, mother Ja.i.16; Dhs.1059≈(where it repre …

bow string MN.i.429 (five kinds); Ja.ii.88 Ja.iii.323; Vism.150; DN-a.i.207. -kāra bowstring-maker Mil.331.

Vedic jyā = Gr. βιός bow, cp. also Lat. filum thread

…jāti), Ja.i.212 (mahājānikara a great robber); Ja.iv.72 (dhana,˚ variant reading hāni); Dhp.138 (= Dhp-a.iii.70 dhanassa jāni, variant…

1. As adj. n.un
   1. born, grown, arisen, produced (= nibbatta pātubhūta Cnd.256) Snp.576 (jātānaṃ maccānaṃ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayaṃ); jātena maccena kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ Dhp.53 = Mil.333; yakkhinī …

■ Instr. jātiyā (Snp.423) & jaccā (DN.ii.8; Ja.iii.395; Dhp.393); abl. jātiyā (SN.i.88) & jātito (by descent: DN.ii.8); loc. jātiyaṃ (Pv-a.10) & jātiyā (Pv-a.78).

1. birth, rebirth, possibility of …

…Ja.i.180; Ja.ii.404; cp. karamara;

• -loka the animate creation Ja.iii.394;
• -sūla “life-pale,” a…

adjective always in combination with āhāra, food “made into a ball,” i.e. eatable, material food, as one of the 4 kinds of food (see stock phrase k˚ āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā… at …

…compose a song Ja.vi.410 -karaṇa making poems DN-a.i.95; and -kāra a poet Kh.21; Ja.vi.410.

cp. Sk….

see *kacci*˚.

kind of large shrub, the Caesalpina Digyna Ja.vi.535 (should we write with BB kacchi˚?).

…Pv-a.253. -kadāci karahaci at some time or other, at times AN.i.179; Mil.73; Dhp-a.iii.362. -[na kadāci](/define/na kadāci) at no…

jungle cock used as a decoy Ja.ii.162 purāṇa˚, Ja.ii.161; cp. dīpaka¹ & see Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 118 K˚-Jātaka, N˚ 209.

onomat, cp. Sk. kṛkavāku cock, Gr. κέρκας, κερκίς, Lat. querqu …

roughness, harshness, deceitfulness, Pp.19, Pp.23.

…a flavour made from crabs, crab-curry Vv-a.243.

cp. Sk. karkaṭa, karkara “hard,” kankata “mail”; cp. Gr….

…or rigidity Dhs-a.151.

kakkhaṭa, cp. Sk. karkara = P. kakkaṭaka

…up a quarrel Ja.vi.45 -karaṇa quarrelling, fighting Ja.v.413; -kāraka (f
■ ī quarrelsome,…

…sounding confusedly (of the ocean) ibid. 18. Cp karakarā.

cp. Sk. kala

heap, stack (like a heap of wood? cp. kalingara) Mil.292 (sīsa˚).

cp. Sk. karaṇḍa piece of wood?

…a wooden arrow Ja.iii.273 (acittaṃ k˚: without feeling)

cp. Sk. kaḍankara & kaḍangara, on which in sense of “log” see…

…usually comb. with ˚vāca, of pleasant conversation, of good address or enunciation, reciting clearly…

lotus, freq. combined with kuvalaya; or with uppala Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40, explained as vārikiñjakkha Pv-a.77.

1. lotus, the lotus flower, Nelumbium Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40; Mhbv.3; Sdhp.325; Vv-a.43, …

1. a conch, a shell: saṇha-kambu-r-iva… sobhate su gīvā Thig.262 (for kampurī’va); s compounds
2. a ring or bracelet (made of shells or perhaps gold: see Kern. Toev. s. v.) Ja.iv.18, Ja.iv.466 (\ …

…heroic deeds Ja.vi.295; -kara or -kāra used indiscriminately. 1 (adj.) doing work, or active in puriso dāso +…

…AN.v.244, AN.v.278; -bhāvakara causing a low (re-)birth Ja.iv.9 (+ pāpa-kammāni), and in same context as dhamma combined with -sukka at…

kaṇṇikāra Ja.iv.440; Ja.v.420; the difference stated at Ja.v.422 is kaṇi˚ = mahāpupphā kaṇṇi˚ = khuddakapupphā)

1. (m.) the tree Pterospermum acerifolium Ja.i.40; Ja.v.295; Ja. …

adjective noun

1. poor, miserable, wretched; a beggar; freq explained by varāka, duggata, dīna and daḷidda; very often classed with low-caste people, as caṇḍālā Pv.iii.1#13 & pesakārā (Ud.4). Snp.81 …

adjective

1. (cp. kappa ii.1^a) according to rule, right, suitable, fitting, proper, appropriate (Pv-a.26 = anucchavika paṭirūpa) Ja.i.392; DN-a.i.9; Pv-a.25 Pv-a.141
   ■ a˚; not r …

the trunk of an elephant; in karabhoru (k˚ + ūru) (a woman) with beautiful thighs Mhbv.29.

…hvar, E. where), only in karaha-ci (karhi cid) at some time, generally preceded by kadāci DN.i.17; DN.ii.139; MN.i.177,…

…Pv-a.185. 2. hail (see karakā) Ja.iv.167; Mil.308; Mhvs.xii.9.

• -vassa a shower of hail, hail-storm…

…(of biting) Ja.iii.203 (passage ought to be read as karakarā nikhāditvā).

shrub Vism.183 (+ kanavīra).

etym.?

see Kara.

…cut, injure, hurt; in “karato kārayato chindato chedāpayato…” DN.i.52 = MN.i.516; SN.iii.208.

cp. Sk….

the Indian cuckoo Ja.vi.539.

cp. Sk. kala-kaṇṭha cuckoo, & kalavinka sparrow

same Ja.v.204, Ja.v.416; Vv.36#4; Vism.112, Vism.206; Vv-a.166, Vv-a.219.

• -bhāṇin speaking like the cuckoo, i.e. with a clear and melodious voice, one of the mahāpurisa-lakk …

…a kind of arrow MN.i.429.

cp. Sk. karavīra

(˚iya) = prec. Ja.vi.538.

…Pongamia glabra, used medicinally Vin.i.201; Ja.vi.518, Ja.vi.519.

cp. Sk. karañja, accord. to Aufrecht, Halāyudha p. 176 the Dalbergia arborea

(karala) a wisp of grass (tiṇa˚) Dhp-a.iii.38; Dhs-a.272.

…takes the place of ˚karaṇa, and Ja.iii.314, where it is represented by massu-kutti (C.: massukiriya). Cp. also DN-a.i.137 a˚ Negative…

…cp. Mil.5, Mil.78.

akaraṇīya

1. (adj.)
   1. what ought not to be done, prohibited AN.i.58; AN.iii.208 =…

the fact that something has to be performed, an obligation Vin.ii.89, Vin.ii.93; sa˚ being left with something to do Mil.140.

abstr. fr. prec.

…slough of a serpent DN.i.77 (= DN-a.i.222 ahi-kañcuka) cp. Dial. i.88.

cp. Sk. karaṇḍa, ˚ka, ˚ikā. The Dhātumañjūsā explains k. by…

box, basket, casket, as dussa˚ MN.i.215 = SN.v.71 = AN.iv.230 (in simile); SN.iii.131 SN.v.351 cp. Pp.34; Ja.i.96; Ja.iii.527; Ja.v.473 (here to be changed into koraṇḍaka); DN-a.i.222 (vilīva˚); Snp\ …

…elephant Mhbv.4, Mhbv.143 Dāvs iv.2.

fr. kara

…(akariṃ second sing. akarase, etc.) 3rd sing. akubbatha Pv.ii.13#18 1st pl. akaramhase Ja.iii.26, ˚a Dhp-a.i.145. 3. Aor (none) 4. Imper….

…Ja.ii.300; Ja.iii.270.

• -karaṇa ploughing, tilling of the field Pv-a.66;
• -khetta a place for…

husbandman, cultivator, peasant, farmer, ploughman DN.i.61 (k˚ gahapatiko kārakārako rāsi-vaḍḍhako); AN.i.241; AN.i.229, AN.i.239 (the three duties of a farmer); SN.i.172 = Snp.76; SN.iii.155 (varian …

…kamma-karaṇā) MN.i.87 = AN.i.47 AN.ii.122, etc.; Pv-a.4 (of a thief scourged on his way to the place of execution);…

…Ja.ii.300; Ja.iii.270.

• -karaṇa ploughing, tilling of the field Pv-a.66;
• -khetta a place for…

…Dhp-a.i.360 (& a˚); -karaṇīya one who has done all that could be done, one who is in the state of perfection (an Arahant), in formula…

1. conversing, talking Ja.i.299; Ja.iii.459; Ja.vi.340.
2. telling i.e. answering solving (a question) Ja.v.66 (pañha˚).
3. preaching Dhp-a.i.7.
4. reciting, narrating Kacc.130. Cp. kathita- *akatha …

…= Snp.638.

• -kara (adj.) how acting, what doing? k. ahaṃ no nirayam pateyyaṃ (“τί ποι ̈ων…

adjective (only˚-) -daṇḍa a walking-stick or staff (of an ascetic) Vin.i.188 Vin.ii.76 = Vin.ii.208 sq.; Vin.iii.160; Ja.i.9; Ja.v.132; Ja.vi.52, Ja.vi.56, Ja.vi.520 Vism.91, Vism.125, Vism.181. …

poetry; ballad, ode (cp. kabba) Ja.vi.213, Ja.vi.216.

• -kāra a poet Ja.vi.216.

cp. Vedic kavya wise; sacrificer

…Ja.vi.548 (= sūkara-dāṭhehi samannāgato p. Ja.vi.549); Pv.ii.4#1 (= k˚-danto Pv-a.90).

cp. Sk. karāla projecting (of teeth),…

…Snp-a.283; Vv-a.177; cp. next.

Sk. karavīra

…kareṇu.

Derivation uncertain, just possibly connected with kara, trunk. Sanskrit has kareṇu, but the medieval…

strip of cloth used to mark the kaṭhina robe, in -karaṇa Vin.i.254, and -ka Vin.i.290.

1. a corner, an angle Vin.i.48, Vin.i.286; Ja.i.73; Ja.iii.42 Ja.v.38; Ja.vi.519; Pv-a.74; Dhp-a.ii.178; Dāvs ii.111- cīvara˚; the edge of the garment Vism.389. Freq. in cpd. catu˚; (catukkaṇṇa …

see kaṇikāra.

…with the wreath of karavīra flowers (q.v.) on a criminal ready for execution: rattavaṇṇa-virala-mālāya bandhakaṇṭha Pv-a.4…

anything circular, a ring, a wheel (thus in kara˚ Vin.ii.122); a bracelet Pv-a.134.

… ■ a˚ honest, frank Ja.v.117 (= akitava, ajūtakara).

fr. kirāṭa

lit. to wash (cp. pakkhāleti), slang for “to treat badly,” “to give a rubbing or thrashing (exact meaning problematic); only at Ja.iv.205 = Ja.iv.382: gale gahetvā khalayātha jammaṃ “take the rascal b …

…dubbaca dovacassa karaṇehi dhammehi samannāgata SN.ii.204 sq. AN.ii.147 sq. With ref. to rūpa, saddā, etc. (see also above), of an…

I. Crude meaning

bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.

1. Esp. used
   1. of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …

Khanti & Khantī

f. patience, forbearance, forgiveness. Def. at Dhs.1341: khantī khamanatā adhivāsanatā acaṇḍikkaṃ anasuropo attamanatā cittassa Most frequent combinations: with *[mettā](/define/mettā …

Khanti & Khantī

f. patience, forbearance, forgiveness. Def. at Dhs.1341: khantī khamanatā adhivāsanatā acaṇḍikkaṃ anasuropo attamanatā cittassa Most frequent combinations: with *[mettā](/define/mettā …

…vyākaraṇa-samattho mahāmatto: “kh˚ is called the King’s minister who is able to answer all his questions”)…

…Vv-a.36 Vv-a.278; khobha-karaṇa shaking up, disturbance Vism.474 See also akkhobbha.

cp. Vedic kṣubh kṣobhayati, to shake = Goth….

Khulukhulu-kaṛakaṃ

(nt. adv.) “so as to make the sound khulu, khulu,” i.e. clattering or bumping about MN.ii.138. Cp. ghuru-ghuru.

…Vin.ii.134. Khulukhulu-karakam

Vedic kṣura, to kṣṇu, kṣṇoti to whet, kṣṇotra whetstone; cp. Gr. ξναύω scrape, ςύω…

eating, in -kāraṇa the reason of eating… Pv-a.37.

any alkaline substance, potash, lye. In combination with ūsa (salt earth) at SN.iii.131 (-gandha) AN.i.209
■ Used as a caustic Pv.iii.10#2; Sdhp.281. See also chārikā.

• -āpatacchika a means of …

…brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nâparaṃ itthattāya,“ denoting the attainment of Arahantship (See arahant ii, formula A) Vin.i.35;…

wrongdoing, demerit, fault, usually with ˚ṃ karoti to do wrong Snp.246; Sdhp.204; Ja.iii.135 or ˚ṃ pasavati AN.v.75; Vin.ii.198. -kata˚; (adj.) having done wrong in akata-kalyāṇo, etc. AN.ii.174 a …

…Vin Texts iii.45;

• -kara doing one’s duty SN.i.91; Snp.676;
• -karaṇīyāni pl. = kiccākicca, various duties…

duty Vin.ii.89 (k˚ karaṇīyatā); Mil.42.

abstr. fr. last

to tinkle Ja.v.206; (freq. fr. kili or den. fr. kilikilā; cp. kilakilā “shouting for joy” Avs.i.48 and in cpd. hāhākārakilakilā “shouting hā-hā and hail-hail” Avs.i.67 Mvu.iii.312 and Divy.459). See …

…the beard Ja.iii.314 (cp m-karaṇa and kappanā); sacchi˚ realization, see s. v -akiriyā the non-performance of, omission, abstaining…

…the beard Ja.iii.314 (cp m-karaṇa and kappanā); sacchi˚ realization, see s. v -akiriyā the non-performance of, omission, abstaining…

…Kitava & kitava

pp. of kṛ; with i for a, cp. kiraṇa for karaṇa. The Dhtp. explained by nivāsane

…sq.; Thag-a.252;

• -karaṇīya business occupation AN.iii.113, AN.iii.116, AN.iii.258; AN.v.24, AN.v.90,…

Koccha¹

neuter some kind of seat or settee, made of bark, grass or rushes Vin.ii.149; Vin.iv.40 (where the foll. def. is given: kocchaṃ nāma vāka-mayaṃ vā usīra-mayaṃ vā muñjamayaṃ vā ba …

…(sampanna-kolakaṃ sūkaramaṃsa “pork with jujube”); Ja.iii.22 (= badara); Ja.vi.578.

• -mattiyo (pl.) of the size of a j. truit,…

at Ja.vi.454 is explained by camma-kāra, thus “worker in leather (-shields or armour),” with der. fr konta (“satthitāya kontāya likhattā…”), but reading and meaning are uncertain.

shrub and its flower Ja.v.473 (˚dāma, so read for karaṇḍaka), Ja.vi.536; as Npl. in Koraṇḍaka-vihāra Vism.91.

= kuraṇḍaka

hen variant reading (ti vā pāḷi) at Thig.381 for turiyā. See also Thag-a.255 (= kuñcakārakukkuṭī).

Kosa¹

masculine neuter any cavity or enclosure containing anything, viz.

1. a store-room or storehouse, treasury or granary AN.iv.95 (rāja˚); Snp.525; Ja.iv.409 (= wealth, stores); Ja.vi …

proficiency. There are 3 kinds mentioned at DN.iii.220, Vb.325 & Vism.439 sq. viz.; āya˚, apāya˚; and upāya˚; at Dhs.16 = Dhs.20 = Dhs.292 Dhs.555 = Nd ii.ad paññā it is classed between paṇḍicca a …

silk; silken material Vin.i.58 = Mil.267; Vin.i.192, Vin.i.281; Vin.ii.163, Vin.ii.169; DN.i.7, cp. AN.i.181 (see DN-a.i.87); AN.iv.394; Pv.ii.1#17; Ja.i.43; Ja.vi.47.

• -pāvāra …

…the beard Ja.iii.314 (cp m-karaṇa and kappanā); sacchi˚ realization, see s. v -akiriyā the non-performance of, omission, abstaining…

cavity, esp. the belly (Vism.101) or the womb; aṇṇava˚ the interior of the oce an.i.119, an.i.227; Ja.v.416; jāla˚ the hollow of the net Ja.i.210. As womb frequent, e.g. mātu˚ Ja.i.149; DN-a.i.224; P …

…a dog, cynic MN.i.387 (+ dukkara kāraka; also as k˚-vata, ˚sīla, ˚citta, ˚ākappa) DN.iii.6, DN.iii.7; Ne.99 (+ govatika; *…

cock Mil.363; Ja.iv.58; Vv-a.163; f. kukkuṭī a hen Dhp-a.i.48; Thag-a.255; in simile MN.i.104 = MN.i.357 = AN.iv.125 sq., AN.iv.176 sq. (cp. ˚potako).

• *-[aṇḍa](/define/aṇḍa …

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

junket, usually with odana, boiled rice. In formula of kāya (cātummahābhūtika etc., see kāya) DN.i.76 = MN.ii.17 and ≈; in enum. of material food (kabaḷinkārâhāra) …

…cp. Dhp.53; sabba-pāpassa akaraṇaṃ kusalassa upasampadā sacittapariyodapanaṃ etaṃ Buddhānusāsanaṃ DN.ii.49 = Dhp.183; cp. Ne.43,…

(only -˚) skill, cleverness, accomplishment; good quality
■ lakkhaṇa˚ skill in interpreting special signs Vv-a.138; aparicita˚ neglect in acquiring good qualities Pv-a.67. For foll. cp Mrs. Rh. D …

…(hattha˚, elephant trappings, cp. kappanā), Ja.v.215 (= karaṇa, cp. Sk. kalpa).

cp. kutta

crowing or trumpeting noise (in compounds only)- kāra cackling (of a hen) Thag-a.255; -nāda trumpeting (of an elephant) Ja.iii.114.

kruñc, cp. Sk. krośati, Pa …

(kuṭi˚) feminine any single-roomed abode, a hut, cabin, cot, shed Vin.iii.144 (on vehāsa-kuṭī see vehāsa Vin.iv.46); Snp.18, Snp.19; Pv.ii.2#8; Vv-a.188, Vv-a.256 (cīvara˚ a cl …

…sting of lust Ud.27

• -kara the fulfilment of one’s desires Ja.v.370 (= kāmakiriyā)
• -karaṇīya in yathā˚…

secondary root of karoti, in denom. and intensive function in kāra, kāraka, kāraṇa, kārin, kāreti and their derivations.

…of (-˚) service: dukkara-kārikā the performance of evil deeds SN.i.103; Thig.413 (= Thag-a.267). -agga-kārikā first test, sample…

…“killing.” Often spelt karaṇa q.v.; the spelling kāraṇā (as f.) at Mil.185 seems to be a later spelling for…

the meaning ought to be “one who is under a certain obligation” or “one who dispenses certain obligations.” In usu˚ SN.ii.257 however used simply in the sense of making: arrow-maker fletcher. Perhaps …

…uncertain etym., cp. karaṇḍa

Kāraṇḍava²

a sort of duck Vv.35#8 (explained as also by Halāyudha 2, 99 by kādamba,…

to construct, to build, etc.; pp. kārita; der. -kārāpaṇa the construction of (vihāra˚ Dhp-a.i.416. For details see karoti iv.; see also *[kārāpaka](/define/ …

see kāraka

schemer, inventor Ja.vi.333.

fr. kārāpeti

see kāreti.

made to do Ja.vi.374.

pp. of kārāpeti, Caus. of karoti

…DN.i.11 (= DN-a.i.95 kabba-karaṇa) 2. poetry, song, poem (of suttanta) AN.i.72 = AN.iii.107.

• -matta intoxicated with…

…menial duties Ja.i.12; ˚kara a servant Ja.ii.334;

• -veyyāvaṭika same Ja.vi.418; Snp.p.104; Dhp-a.i.27;…

Kāyūra & Kāyura

1. an ornamental bracket or ring worn on the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92; Pv.i …

Kāyūra & Kāyura

1. an ornamental bracket or ring worn on the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92; Pv.i …

Kūṭa¹

neuter a trap, a snare; fig. falsehood, deceit. As trap Ja.i.143 (kūṭapāsādi); Ja.iv.416 (explⁿ paṭicchannapāsa). As deceit, cheating in formula tulā˚ kaṃsa māna˚ “cheatin …

…up,“ cp. Hindī & Marāthī langara, Tamil ilankaran “in meaning anchor.”

in “kārāpesi tilañcanaṃ” at Dpvs.20, 10 is not clear. We may have to correct reading into lañchanaṃ or lañchakaṃ. Oldenberg in his translation (p. 211) leaves the word out and remarks: “Probably …

one who makes marks (explained by Cy. as “lakkhaṇa-kāraka”) Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.366 (ti˚ so explained by Cy. variant reading ni˚). See nillañchaka & cp; lañcana (ti˚).

fr. lañcha; doubtful

1. to jump over (acc.) step over, to hop Ja.iii.272; Ja.v.472 (langhamāno yāti); Mil.85.
2. to make light of, disregard neglect, transgress Pv-a.15; Vv-a.138
   ■ Cp. abhilaṅghati, ullaṅghati

c …

see lakāra.

metal, esp. copper, brass or bronze It is often used as a general term & the individual application is not always sharply defined. Its comprehensiveness is evident from the classification of *[loha](/ …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) red: rarely by itself (e.g. MN.ii.17), usually in compounds e.g. -abhijāti the red species (q.v.) AN.iii.383; -kasiṇa the artifice of red DN.iii.268; AN.i.41; Dhs.203; …

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

…Thag-a.199; Vv-a.324 (sūkara˚); Pv-a.152 Pv-a.157; Sdhp.104. A detailed description of loma as one of the 32 ākāras of the body (Kp iii.;…

…(˚dāraka); Ja.vi.206 (kara) Mil.331.

• -ghaṭa a pitcher with salt SN.ii.276. See also App. to Kp-a.68 (in Sn Index…

receiving, getting, acquisition, gain, possession; pl. possessions DN.i.8; DN.ii.58, DN.ii.61; MN.i.508 (ārogya-paramā lābhā); MN.iii.39; AN.i.74; AN.iv.157 sq., AN.iv.160 (lābhena abhibhūto pariyādi …

Lāja & Lājā

feminine

1. fried grain, parched corn: occurring only in combination madhu-lāja fried grain with honey, sweet corn Ja.iii.538; Ja.iv.214, Ja.iv.281.
2. the flower of Dalbergia arborea …

Lāja & Lājā

feminine

1. fried grain, parched corn: occurring only in combination madhu-lāja fried grain with honey, sweet corn Ja.iii.538; Ja.iv.214, Ja.iv.281.
2. the flower of Dalbergia arborea …

sluggishness, shyness; only in phrase cetaso līnattaṃ immobility of mind SN.v.64 SN.v.103; AN.i.3 = AN.iv.32; AN.v.145 sq.; Ne.86, Ne.108; Vb-a.272 (= cittassa līn’ ākāra).

abstr. fr. līna

…lī by “silesana-dravīkaraṇa,” i.e. to make slip or run (Dhtp.441; Dhtm.681)]

1. to stick, adhere, cling to see compounds all˚, o˚,…

-M-

euphonic consonant inserted between two vowels to avoid hiatus, as agga-m-agga the best of all Vin.iv.232 aṅga-m-aṅgāni limb by limb Vin.iii.119; Vv.38#2, etc See also SN.iii.254 (yena\ …

(-kāra) the letter or sound m Ja.iii.273 (sandhi-vasena vutta put in for the sake of euphony); Ja.v.375 (ma-kāro sandhikaro); Kp-a.155, Kp-a.224; Snp-a.181, Snp-a.383, Snp-a.404.

…Ja.v.347 (= mettacittaṃ); Dhs-a.151. See also sūkara˚.

fr. mṛdu, cp. Epic Sk. mārdava

…intoxicating liquors).

• -kara “honey-maker,” bee Ja.iv.265; Vism.136 (in simile) Dhp-a.i.374. *…

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

…meaning is not quite clear.

cp. Epic Sk. makara

the nectar of a flower Ja.vi.530.

cp. Class. Sk. makaranda

…clear mallakaṃ nāma makara-dantike chinditvā mūllakamūla-saṇṭhānena kata-mallakaṃ vuccati; akata˚ danta achinditvā…

of pers. pron. ahaṃ (q.v.) used quasi independently (as substitute for our “self-”) in phrase mama-y-idaṃ Snp.806 thought of “this is mine,” cp SN.i.14, i.e. egoism, belief in a …

selfish attachment, self-interest, selfishness Pv-a.230 In canonic books only in combination with ahaṅkāra mān’ ānusaya; (belief in an ego and bias of conceit) e.g. at MN.iii.18, MN.iii.32; SN.iii …

treating with tenderness, solicitude, fondness Ja.v.331.

fr. mamaṃ + kṛ.

self-love, self-interest, egoism MN.i.486; MN.iii.32 (at both places also ahiṅkāra for ahaṅkāra).

for maman˚, cp. Geiger, P.Gr. § 19

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

adjective

1. slow, lazy, indolent; mostly with ref. to the intellectual faculties, therefore: dull, stupid, slow of grasp, ignorant foolish MN.i.520 (+ momuha); Snp.666, Snp.820 (= momūha Mnd.153), …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

…Dhp-a.i.253.

• -karaṇa shaving Dhp-a.i.253; DN-a.i.137.
• -kutti [m. *kḷpti]…

dead, one who is dead Dhp-a.ii.274.

• -ākāra condition of one who is dead Ja.i.164 (˚ṃ dassati pretends to be dead).
• -bhatta a meal for the dead, food offe …

Matta¹

adjective (-˚) “by measure,” measured, as far as the measure goes, i.e

1. consisting of, measuring (with numerals or similar expressions): appamatto kali Snp.659; pañcamattā sata …

…in the forest); Vv-a.219 (karavīka ruta˚).

• -bhāṇaka sweet-voiced, speaking sweetly Ja.ii.150; Dhp-a.i.144; f….

flesh, meat SN.ii.97 (putta˚); Dhp.152; Ja.iii.184; Pp.55; Vism.258 Vism.357 (in compar.); Dhp-a.i.375 (putta˚); Dhp-a.ii.51 (alla˚ living flesh); Vb-a.58, Vb-a.61 (pilotika-paliveṭhita). Describ …

…up of a child, viz. nāma-karaṇa-mangala the ceremony of giving a name; āhāra-paribhoga˚ of taking solid food; kaṇṇa-vijjhana˚ of…

1. a gem, jewel. At several places one may interpret as “crystal.” DN.i.7 (as ornament); Dhp.161; Ja.vi.265 (agghiya, precious). In simile at DN.i.76 (maṇi veḷuriyo). On maṇi in similes see J.P.T.S. …

…Vv-a.271 (divasa-kara˚); canda˚ Vism.174; Pv-a.65. 3. a round, flat surface, e.g. jānu˚ the disk of the knee, i.e. the knee…

adjective

1. circular Thag.863 (maṇḍali-pākāra).
2. having a disk, orbed (of the sun) SN.i.51 = Vv-a.116.

fr. maṇḍala

temporary shed or hall erected on special or festive occasions, an awning, tent Vin.i.125; Vism.96, Vism.300 (dhamma-savaṇa˚), Vism.339 sq (in simile); Dhp-a.i.112; Dhp-a.ii.45; Dhp-a.iii.206 (˚kā …

…Snp.196; Ja.iii.484 (ajakaraṃ medaṃ = ajakara-medaṃ C.); Kp iii. (explained at Vism.262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid…

adverb opposite reciprocally, contrary Snp.825, Snp.882 (taken by Mnd.163 Mnd.290, on both passages identically, as n. pl. of adj. instead of adv., & expl^d by “dve janā dve kalaha-kāraka” …

stupidity, dullness of mind & soul, delusion bewilderment, infatuation DN.iii.146, DN.iii.175, DN.iii.182, DN.iii.214, DN.iii.270; Vin.iv.144, Vin.iv.145; Snp.56, Snp.74, Snp.160, Snp.638, Snp.847; Vb …

Mokkha¹

1. (lit.) release, freedom from, in bandhanā m DN.i.73 = MN.i.276.
2. (fig.) release, deliverance, salvation Vb.426 (jarā-maraṇa˚ from old age & death) Dhp-a.i.4 (˚magga + sagg …

Muñcana & Muccana

neuter

1. release, being freed, deliverance Ja.iv.478 (mucc˚); -ākāra (muñc˚) means of deliverance (dukkhato from ill) Dhp-a.i.267; -kāla time of release (dukkhā from suffer …

…cp. Vin.v.163: na hatthavikāro kātabbo, na hattha-muddā dassetabbā.

• -ādhikaraṇa the office of the keeper of the Privy Seal…

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

…-karaṇa “urine-making,” i.e. pudendum muliebre, cunnus Vin.iv.260. *…

Muñcana & Muccana

neuter

1. release, being freed, deliverance Ja.iv.478 (mucc˚); -ākāra (muñc˚) means of deliverance (dukkhato from ill) Dhp-a.i.267; -kāla time of release (dukkhā from suffer …

garland, wreath, chaplet; collectively = flowers; fig. row, line Snp.401; Pp.56 Vism.265 (in simile); Pv.ii.3#16 (gandha, m., vilepana as a “lady’s” toilet outfit); Pv.ii.4#9 (as one of the 8 or 10 st …

1. pride, conceit, arrogance (cittassa uṇṇati Mnd.80; Vb.350). Māna is one of the Saññojanas It is one of the principal obstacles to Arahantship A detailed analysis of māna in tenfold aspect is give …

Mānanā (f.) paying honour or respect; reverence, respect SN.i.66; Ja.ii.138; Pp.19, Pp.22; Mil.377 (with sakkāra, vandana, pūjana & apaciti) Dhs.1121; Dhs-a.373
■ Cp. vi˚, sam˚.

fr. māna¹

1. deceptive appearance fraud, deceit, hypocrisy Snp.245, Snp.328 (˚kata deceit), Snp.469, Snp.537, Snp.786, Snp.941 (: māyā vuccati vañcanikā cariyā Mnd.422); Vb.357, Vb.361, Vb.389; Mil.289; Vism.10 …

1. (lit.) root AN.ii.200; MN.i.233; Dhp-a.i.270; Dhp-a.iv.200 (opp. patti); Vism.270 (rukkha˚; = rukkha-samīpaṃ); Pv.ii.9#6 (sa˚ with the root); Pv-a.43 (rukkhassa mūle at the foot of).
2. foot …

…Dhp-a.i.174 (+ tithi-karaṇa); ˚ṃ oloketi to set the horoscope Dhp-a.i.166, ˚ṃ uggaṇhāti id. Pv.iii.5#4. *…

Nala & Naḷa

a species of reed; reed in general Vin.iv.35; AN.ii.73; Dhp.337; Cnd.680#ii; Ja.i.223; Ja.iv.141 Ja.iv.396 (n. va chinno); Pv.i.11#6 (id.); Dhp-a.iii.156; Dhp-a.iv.43 See also nāḷa, nāḷ …

…telaṃ yojetvā n-karaṇaṃ) DN.i.12; Vin.i.204; MN.i.511; Dhp-a.i.12;

• -karaṇī a pocket handkerchief Vin.i.204.

cp. Sk. nas…

…viz. suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedallaṃ MN.i.133; AN.ii.103, AN.ii.178;…

Nala & Naḷa

a species of reed; reed in general Vin.iv.35; AN.ii.73; Dhp.337; Cnd.680#ii; Ja.i.223; Ja.iv.141 Ja.iv.396 (n. va chinno); Pv.i.11#6 (id.); Dhp-a.iii.156; Dhp-a.iv.43 See also nāḷa, nāḷ …

…trunk);

• -kaṭṭhakaraṇa ploughing SN.v.146 = Ja.ii.59
• -phāla [mod. Ind. phār] ploughshare (to be understood…

…(˚dhītā), Dhp-a.iv.65 (˚karaka), Dhp-a.iv.224 (˚kīḷā); Mil.359 (˚naccaka); Sdhp.380
■ Cp. naṭaka & nāṭaka.

Sk. naṭa dial….

hunter; also a low caste Vin.iv.7 (+ veṇa & rathakāra); SN.i.93 (˚kula); AN.i.107; AN.ii.85; Ja.ii.36 Ja.iii.330; Ja.iv.397, Ja.iv.413; Ja.v.110, Ja.v.337; Ja.vi.71; Pp.51 (˚kula) Mil.311; Dhp-a.iii …

adjective steady, unchanged, steadfast; persevering Ja.i.66; Pv-a.178, Pv-a.253 (+ nicca); Snp-a.189, Snp-a.497; Vism.311.

nis + vikāra

…nārī Ja.i.60; n. veyyākaraṇena Mil.347; upādānānaṃ abhāvena… kilesanibbānena n. Dhp-a.iv.194
■ See also…

“pointing at” evidence, example, comparison, apposition, attribute characteristic; sign, term DN.i.223 (a˚ with no attribute), DN.iii.217 (id.); SN.iv.370 (id.); AN.iv.305 sq. (nīla˚, pīta etc.); Snp. …

to blow away, blow off; to clean, cleanse, purify; to throw out, eject, remove Snp.281 = Mil.414 (kāraṇḍavaṃ) Snp.282 (˚itvā pāpicche), Snp.962 (malaṃ = pajahati (Mnd.478); Dhp.239 (id.); Mil.43
pp …

1. (n.) tying down to; ground (lit. or fig.), foundation, occasion source, origin, cause; reason, reference, subject (“sujet”) MN.i.261; AN.i.134 sq.; AN.i.263 sq., AN.i.338; AN.ii.196 AN.iv.128 sq.; …

multitude Dāvs v.25 (jātipuppha˚).

Sk. nikara, ni + karoti

or is it ˚aṃ?) = nikati (fraud) Pp.19, Pp.23 (as syn. of māyā).

…Snp.242 (= nirāsaṃ-karaṇaṃ Snp-a.286); Ja.i.223; Pv.iii.9#5 (+ vañcana); Pp.19, Pp.23, Pp.58; Vv-a.114; Pv-a.211…

Err:508

desire, pleasure, longing: only in compounds; see nanikāma.

• -kāra read by Kern (

  Toevoegselen

  174. at Thag.1271 for na kāmakāra but unjustified (see …

service, humility Ja.iii.120 (nikāra-pakāra, prob. to be read nipaccākāra, q.v.).

Sk. nikāra in diff. meaning, ni + kāra

collection (“body”) assemblage, class, group.

1. generally (always-˚): eka˚; one class of beings Dhs-a.66; tiracchāna˚; the animal kingdom SN.iii.152; deva˚; the assembly of the gods, the g …

…as “tisūlâdi-ankakaraṇena lañchakā ca lakkhaṇakārakā ti attho” (p 366). cp. nillacchita.

cp. Sk. nirlāñchana, of…

…as “tisūlâdi-ankakaraṇena lañchakā ca lakkhaṇakārakā ti attho” (p 366). cp. nillacchita.

cp. Sk. nirlāñchana, of…

…Vin.v.172; Vb.353;

• -karaṇa = gāhin SN.iv.297;
• -gāhin “taking signs,” enticed or led away…

Nipacc-ākāra

obedience, humbleness, service SN.i.178; SN.v.233; AN.v.66; Ja.i.232 Ja.iv.133; Vv-a.22, Vv-a.320; Pv-a.12. Nipacca-vadin

nipacca, ger. of nipatati + ākāra

at Ja.iii.120 is an old misreading & is to be corrected into; nipatāmase (= let us gather, bring together = dedicate), unless it be read as nipphadāmase (= do, set forth, prepare, give), in spite …

at Vin.i.200 read nippakka. Nipacc-akara

adjective of no flavour, tasteless, useless Ja.i.340.

nis + pakāra 2

to bring forth, produce; accomplish, perform Ja.i.185 (lābhasakkāraṃ); Ja.v.81; Mil.299; Vv-a.32, Vv-a.72 (grd. nipphādetabba, Name of ablative case); Sdhp.319, Sdhp.426
pp *[nipphādita](/define/n …

adjective fond of, attached to (-˚) SN.i.133; DN-a.i.250; Pv-a.5 (duccarita˚), Pv-a.89, Pv-a.161 (hitakaraṇa˚).

pp. of niramati

purgatory, hell, a place of punishment & torture, where sin is atoned (i.e. kamma ripens = paccati, is literally boiled) by terrible ordeals (kāraṇāni) similar to & partly identical with those of Hade …

adjective useless Ja.ii.103.

nis + upakāra

…give up Pv-a.105 (dānûpakaraṇā nisajjesi read better as ˚karaṇǡni sajjesi). See also nissajjati.

sic MSS. for…

careful attention or observation AN.ii.97; AN.iii.201; AN.iv.15 (dhamma˚), AN.iv.36 (id.) AN.iv.296; AN.v.166 (dhamma˚); Dpvs.i.53 (˚kāra). Cp. nisamma & nisāmeti.

Sk. *niśānti, ni + śam

…= mantena jivhāya thaddhakaraṇa DN-a.i.96 variant reading (gloss) nibandhana).

Sk. *niṣṭambhana, abstr. fr. ni + thaddha = making rigid

…(= kuṇḍakâdinā sūkara-bhattena puṭṭho Dhp-a.iv.16 = Ne.129 = Thag.17;

• -bhojana a meal on food given, a…

…in spelling nīyānika e.g. AN.iii.132 (ariyā diṭṭhi n. nīyāti takkarassa sammādukkha-khayāya); DN-a.i.89…

…nāmarūpa-duke nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena nāmaṭṭhena namanaṭṭhena ca nāmaṃ ruppanaṭṭhena rūpaṃ. Cp. DN.i.223; DN.ii.32,…

…weapons Ja.i.150;

• -karaṇa difference, diversity Vin.i.339 (sangha˚); MN.ii.128 cp. Divy.222; *…

…AN.iv.302; Iti.108 (obhāsakara); Pts.i.114, Pts.i.119 (paññā˚); Pts.ii.100, Pts.ii.150 sq. Pts.ii.159, Pts.ii.162; Vism.28, Vism.41;…

only in stock phrase kāmānaṃ ādīnavo okāro sankileso DN.i.110, DN.i.148 (= lāmaka-bhāva DN-a.i.277); MN.i.115 MN.i.379, MN.i.405 sq.; MN.ii.145; AN.iv.186; Ne.42 (variant reading vokāra) Dhp-a.i.6, …

…freq. with pañhassa veyyā-karaṇāya (to ask a question), e.g. DN.i.51, DN.i.205; MN.ii.142; SN.iv.57. Vin.i.114, Vin.i.170; Mnd.487; Pv-a.222 …

1. (with variant reading osāpeti, reading osāreti is uncertain) to stow away, deposit, put in, put away (see also opeti) Ja.vi.52, Ja.vi.67 (pattaṃ thavikāya o.).
2. to bring out, e …

1. descent to, i.e. approach to, access, fig. chance, opportunity otāraṃ labhati. Only in the Māra myth. He, the tempter, ʻgets his chance’ to tempt the Buddha or the disciples, MN.i.334; SN.i.122; …

…C.). 3. a patch, patching (˚karaṇa), darning (?) Vin.i.254 (vv ll. ovaṭṭiya˚, ovadhita˚ ovadhīya˚); Ja.ii.197 (variant reading ovaddhi˚)…

…Vin.iv.52; DN.i.137 (˚paṭikara, function of a king); Ja.iii.256 (anovādakara one who cannot be helped by advice, cp ovadaka); Ne.91, Ne.92;…

…obhāsa-kara Vv-a.106); Vv.34#25 (= lokassa ñāṇ’ āloka-kara Vv-a.115).

pabhaṃ, acc. of pabhā, + kara

…Vv-a.281; Pv-a.30, Pv-a.35; Kp-a.213 Kp-a.236; in lieu of karaṇa Kp-a.213, of sāmin Snp-a.594.

paṭi + attan

lit. resting on, falling back on, foundation cause, motive etc. See on term as t.t. of philosophy Tikapaṭṭhāna I, foreword; J.P.T.S. 1916, 21 f.; Cpd. 42 sq. & esp. 259 sq.

1. (lit.) support, req …

Padaka¹

adjective one who knows the padas (words or lines), versed in the padapāṭha of the Veda (Ep. of an educated Brahmin) DN.i.88 = Snp.p.105 (where Avs.ii.19 in id. p. has padaśo = P. …

…C. veyyāvacca-kara); Ja.vi.268 (˚ā female servant = C. pāda-paricārikā); Mnd.464 (+ paricārika) Snp-a.597 (+ paricāraka,…

adjective consisting of feet or parts, -fold; dvādasa˚ twelve fold Ja.i.75 (paccayākāra).

fr. pada 1; cp. padaka³

…has reading pakampana for ˚kapp˚ and explained by kampa-karaṇa Snp-a.568).

fr. pakappeti

1. performance, undertaking paragraph (of the law) DN.i.98 (“offence”? see Dial. i.120); SN.iii.91; Mil.189.
2. occasion Vin.i.44 Vin.ii.75; Vin.iii.20.
3. exposition, arrangement, literary work, co …

…dress); Kp-a.173 (˚kammakara, ˚jeṭṭhaputta) Vv-a.12 (˚pabhassara), Vv-a.109 (˚bhaddatā)
■ instr. pakatiyā by nature,…

…(tassa pañhassa vyākaraṇapakkhe); Snp-a.168 (id.).

Ved. pakṣa in meanings 1 and 3; to Lat. pectus, see Walde, Lat. Wtb. s….

1. make-up, getting up, fixing, arrangement, preparation mode, way, manner Ja.ii.222; DN-a.i.132; Pv-a.26 Pv-a.109, Pv-a.123, Pv-a.135, Pv-a.178, Pv-a.199; Sdhp.94, Sdhp.466.
2. ingredient fla …

(-˚) adjective of that kind SN.ii.81; Ja.vi.259.

fr. pakāra

to direct one’s thought towards (dat.) Ja.vi.307.

Denom. fr. pakāra

bewilderment, infatuation, fascination Snp.841 (variant reading Nd i.sammoha) Mnd.193 (+ sammoha andhakāra); Ja.vi.358; Ja.vi.358 Pp.21; Dhs.390, Dhs.1061.

pa + muh, cp. Epic Sk. pramoha

…free or loose, in cpd. -kara deliverer SN.i.193 = Thag.1242 (bandhana˚)-adj. dup˚; difficult to be freed SN.i.77; Snp.773; Dhp.346;…

(papatā) feminine a broken-off piece, splinter, fragment; also proclivity precipice, pit (?) SN.ii.227 (papatā ti kho lābha-sakkāra-silokass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ; cp. SN.iii.109: sobbho papāto kodh’ û …

…alienity Ud.70 (opp. ahankara selfhood). -citta the mind or heart of others AN.v.160. -jana a stranger…

adjective noun

1. surrounding or surrounded, having on one’s hands Ja.ii.190 (sukha˚, variant reading for ˚parihaṭa).
2. an armlet, bracelet Vv-a.167 (variant reading ˚haraṇa; explained as *hatthāla …

“doing round,” i.e. doing up, viz (1.) arrangement, getting up, preparation Vin.ii.106 (˚ṃ kārāpeti), Vin.ii.117 (geruka˚ plastering with red chalk), Vin.ii.151 (id.). parikammaṃ karoti to make (the …

…SS at DN.i.137 for paṭikara (q.v.).

fr. pari + kṛ; a similar formation belonging to same root, but with fig….

…parivāreti C.); Ja.v.353 (id.), Ja.v.381 Ja.vi.592. Cp. parikara & parikkhāra.

pari + kṛ.

…ti vatvā tattha balikamma-karaṇaṃ“). The BSk. form appears to be parīkṣā, as seen in phrase vatthuparīkṣā at Divy.3 & Divy.16. See…

to throw round, encircle, surround Vin.ii.154; Ja.i.52 (sāṇiṃ), Ja.i.63, Ja.i.150, Ja.i.166; Ja.ii.104, Ja.iii.371; Dhp-a.i.73
pp parikkhitta (q.v.)
caus 2 *[parikkhipāpe …

thrown round, overspread, overlaid, enclosed, fenced in, encircling, surrounded by (-˚) MN.iii.46; AN.iv.106 (su˚); SN.i.331 (read valligahana˚); Pv.iv.3#36 (variant reading for pariyanta as in Pv.i. …

…(variant reading for parikara); Pv-a.81 (sabba˚)- saparikkhāra together with the (other) requisites, i.e. full of resources; used with…

adjective facing, in front; only as nt. adv. ˚ṃ in front, before, in phrase parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapeti “set up his memory in front” (i.e. of the object of thought), to set one’s mindfulness alert Vi …

Paritta¹

adjective small, little, inferior, insignificant limited, of no account, trifling Vin.i.270; DN.i.45; MN.iii.148 (˚ābha of limited splendour, opp. appamāṇ’ ābha); SN.ii.98; SN.iv. …

1. all that belongs to a castle, a mansion and its constituents Vv.84#53 (explained at Vv-a.351 as follows: veṇiyato pekkhitabbato pariveṇaṃ pāsāda-kūtâgāra-ratti-ṭṭhān’ ādisampannaṃ pākāraparikkh …

reflection, meditation, thought, consideration MN.ii.170 (ākāra˚), Vin.ii.74; SN.ii.115 (id.); AN.ii.193 (id.); Mil.13; Dhp-a.ii.62; Dhs-a.74; Vv-a.3; Pv-a.282 (vutta-˚e nipāta in expl^{n</sup …}

…(of a treasurer) apariyatti-kara bringing no advantage Dhp-a.i.71. 2. accomplishment in the Scriptures, study (learning by heart) of the holy…

lit. “going round” analysed by Bdhgh in 3 diff. meanings, viz. vāra (turn, course) desanā (instruction, presentation), and kāraṇa (cause reaso …

…instead of Kp-a.213 (karaṇavacana˚, where Pv-a.30 in id. p. reads karaṇ’ atthe).

fr. pa + sanj. Class Sk. prasanga in both…

…(a certain kind of rice: sūkara-sāli), yet the C. seems to take it as “bhūmiyaṃ patita”; variant reading pasāriya. Kern,

…

Pati¹

lord, master, owner, leader.

1. in general DN.iii.93 (khettānaṃ p. gloss adhipati). Mostly-˚; see under gavam˚, gaha˚, dāna˚, yūtha˚, senā˚.
2. husband SN.i.210; Snp.314; Ja.iii.13 …

wished for, desired, requested, sought after Snp.836; Mil.227, Mil.361; Dhp-a.iv.201; Pv-a.47 (˚ākāra of the desired kind, as wished for) Sdhp.79 (a˚).

pp. of pattheti

in pl. diff. kinds of rice Ja.v.405 (= nānappakārā vīhayo).

pa + vīhi

…AN.iii.313; Thag.348, Thag.359 (˚atta); Iti.101 (˚pāṇin) = Mil.215; Snp.240 (= sakkāra-karaṇena p. alankata Snp-a.284); Vism.224…

…(= parakkamati).

• -karaṇa exertion, pursuit, occupation Dhp-a.iii.238
• -vipatti failure of…

…Mil.289 (citta-dubbalī-karaṇā dhammā) paṇṇa-vīsati, e.g. Ja.iv.352 (nāriyo); Thig.67, and paṇṇuvīsaṃ (only at…

adjective fivefold, consisting of five Ja.i.116 (˚kammaṭṭhāna); Dhs. chapters 167–⁠175 (˚naya fivefold system of jhāna, cp. Dhs. translation 52); Snp-a.318 (˚nipāta of Anguttara)
■ nt. pañcakaṃ …

…Snp-a.538.

• -vyākaraṇa mode of answering questions, of which there are 4, viz. ekaṃsa “direct,”…

1. a leaf (esp. betel leaf) Vin.i.201 (5 kinds of leaves recommended for medicinal purposes, viz. nimba˚; Azadirachta Indica kuṭaja˚; Wrightia antidysenterica, paṭola˚; Trichosanthes dioeca, *su …

1. green leaves (collectively), vegetable, greens Ja.vi.24 (kāra˚ vegetable as homage or oblation); Pv.iii.3#3 (panko paṇṇako ca, explained as “kaddamo vā udakacchikkhalo vā” Pv-a.189, but evidently …

…(counter-, anti-): ˚kara (antidote), ˚sedhati (ward-off) 3. putting against, setting off in a comparison (counter-, rival): ˚puggala…

Paṭicca-samuppāda

“arising on the grounds of (a preceding cause)” happening by way of cause working of cause & effect, causal chain of causation causal genesis, dependent origination, theory of the …

Paṭimutta & ˚ka

(adj.) in sup˚ well purified, cleansed, pure Ja.iv.18 (˚kambu = paṭimutta-suvaṇṇ’ ālankāra C.); Ja.v.400; Pv.iv.1#33 (˚ka-suṭṭhu paṭimuttabhāṇin Pv-a.230).

pp. of paṭimuñcati, cp. paṭimukka

indeclinable

1. previously (lit. as cautioned) Vin.iv.44; Mil.48 (variant reading ˚kacca) usually as paṭigacc’ eva, e.g. Vin.i.342; DN.ii.118
2. providing for (the future), preparing for, with cautio …

counteracting; requital, compensation Vin.iv.218 (a˚); DN.i.137 (ovāda˚ giving advice or providing for? variant reading pari˚); DN.iii.154

fr. paṭi + kṛ.

adjective lit. against the slope; averse, objectionable, contrary, disagreeable Vin.i.58 (˚kūla) DN.iii.112, DN.iii.113; MN.i.341 (dukkha˚); SN.iv.172 (id.) Ja.i.393; Vv-a.92 (K.); Pv-a.77; Vb-a.25 …

counteraction, remedy, requital Sdhp.201, Sdhp.498; usually neg. app˚; adj. not making good or which cannot be made good, which cannot be helped Vin.iv.218 (= anosārita p. 219); Pv-a.274 (maraṇa Cp …

Paṭimutta & ˚ka

(adj.) in sup˚ well purified, cleansed, pure Ja.iv.18 (˚kambu = paṭimutta-suvaṇṇ’ ālankāra C.); Ja.v.400; Pv.iv.1#33 (˚ka-suṭṭhu paṭimuttabhāṇin Pv-a.230).

pp. of paṭimuñcati, cp. paṭimukka

…˚-(as abl.) by question, by inquiry, by means of question & answer in foll. compounds: ˚karaṇīya Vin.i.325 -vinīta AN.i.72;…

adjective assenting, ready, obedient, willing DN.i.60; SN.iii.113 (kinkāra-paṭi˚).

fr. paṭi + śru

…in cpd. vatta-paṭivatta-karaṇa “moving forth or backwards” performance of different kinds of duties; doing this, that & the other…

…also called Mahāpakaraṇa. See Ledi, J.P.T.S. 1915–⁠16 p. 26; Mrs. Rh. D., Tika p. 1, vi
■ At Sdhp.321 it has the Sk. meaning…

weaver DN.i.52; Vin.iii.259; Vin.iv.7; Ja.iv.475; Dhp-a.i.424 (˚vīthi); Dhp-a.iii.170 sq.; Vb-a.294 sq. (˚dhītā the weaver’s daughter; story of-) Pv-a.42 sq., Pv-a.67.

pesa + kāra, epsa = Vedi …

sending out, message; service Ja.iv.362 (pesanāni gacchanti); Ja.v.17 (pesane pesiyanto.)

• -kāraka a servant Ja.vi.448; Vv-a.349.
• -kārikā (a girl) doing …

messenger, a servant, often in combination dāsā ti vā pessā ti vā kammakarā ti vā, e.g. DN.i.141; SN.i.76, SN.i.93 (slightly diff. in verse); AN.ii.208 (spelt pesā); AN.iv.45; Dhp-a.ii.7. See also …

…pesana-kāraka, veyyāvaccakara Vv-a.349); Ja.vi.448 (= pesana-kāraka C.), or pessika Snp.615, Snp.651; Ja.vi.552; f….

…pesana-kāraka, veyyāvaccakara Vv-a.349); Ja.vi.448 (= pesana-kāraka C.), or pessika Snp.615, Snp.651; Ja.vi.552; f….

…Ja.v.216 (˚cheka-karaṇa); Vv-a.275 (as explⁿ of atīva sangata Vv.64#2)
■ Note. Another (doubtful)…

to shake, toss (or thunder?) only at two places in similar formula, viz. devatā sādhukāraṃ adaṃsu, brahmāno apphoṭesuṃ (variant reading appoṭh˚) Mil.13 Mil.18; Sakko devarājā appoṭhesi (variant readin …

…duguṇa-karaṇa.“ See also Vin Texts iii.94.

etym.? Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. suggests diminutiveformation fr. Sk….

…for a child Ja.ii.406 (sūkara˚); Dhp-a.iv.134 (as an abusive term; vv.ll. SS kipillaka; gloss K pitucūḷaka, BB cūḷakaniṭṭha);…

Piṃsati¹

to adorn, form, embellish; orig. to prick, cut. Perhaps piṃsare (3. pl. med.) Ja.v.202 belongs here, in meaning “tinkle, sound” (lit. prick) explained in C. by viravati. Other d …

…Snp-a.372.

cp. Vedic puṣkara, fr. pus, though a certain relation to puṣpa seems to exist, cp. Sk. puṣpapattra a kind of arrow (lit….

…lotus (cp. Sk. pauṣkara), thus “lotus-ness,” or founded on Vedic puṣpa blossom The BSk. puṣkalatā (Avs.ii.201) is certainly a…

…Vv-a.191; Pv-a.77; metric pokkharañño Vv.44#11 Pv.ii.1#19: Pv.ii.7#8.

fr. puṣkara lotus; Vedic puṣkariṇī, BSk. has puskiriṇī, e.g….

…esp. in phrase dāsa-kammakaraporisa Vin.i.240; AN.i.145, AN.i.206; AN.ii.78; AN.iii.45, AN.iii.76, AN.iii.260; Dhp-a.iv.1; dāsa˚ a servant…

…of an animal Ja.ii.406 (˚sūkara); Cp.i.10#2 (udda˚) Snp-a.125 (sīha˚).

cp. Epic Sk. pota, see putta for…

…using a mixture of earth, lime, cowdung & water as mortar Ja.vi.459; carving Dhs-a.334; and -kara a modeller in clay Ja.i.71. Cp….

Pubba¹

pus, matter, corruption MN.i.57; MN.iii.90; SN.i.150; SN.ii.157; AN.i.34; Ja.ii.18; Mil.382; Pv-a.80
■ In detail discussed (as one of the 32 ākāras) at Vism.261, Vism.360; Kp- …

adjective

1. former, ancient, living in former times DN.i.104 (isayo), DN.i.238 (id.); Snp.284 (id.) SN.ii.105; SN.iv.307 (ācariya-pācariyā); Thag.947.
2. (-˚; cp. pubba² 1) having forme …

Name of a (Non-Aryan) tribe, hence designation of a low social class, the members of which are said (in the Jātakas) to earn their living by means of refuseclearing On the subject see Fick, *Sociale …

man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso …

Puthutta (Puthatta)

neuter being at variance, diversity SN.ii.77 (opp ekatta; variant reading SS puthatta). At AN.iv.97 we have to read puth’ attānaṃ for puthuttānaṃ which has nothing to do with pu …

…janita Mnd.308).

• -titthakara a common sectarian DN.i.116 (thus to puthu 1, but DN-a.i.287 bahū t.)
• -ddisā (puthu…

Puthutta (Puthatta)

neuter being at variance, diversity SN.ii.77 (opp ekatta; variant reading SS puthatta). At AN.iv.97 we have to read puth’ attānaṃ for puthuttānaṃ which has nothing to do with pu …

an encircling wall, put up for obstruction and protection, a fence rampart Vin.ii.121 (3 kinds: made of bricks, of stone or of wood, viz. iṭṭhakā˚, silā, dāru˚); Vin.iv.266 (id.) MN.iii.11; SN.iv.194 …

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

…id MN.i.39; Dhp.126.

• -kara id. Snp.674.
• -karin id. Dhp.15 Dhp.17.
• -dassana…

…Vb-a.338 is “alankāra-karaṇ ādīhi dāraka-kīḷāpanaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ.”-See stock phrase under mugga-sūpyatā.

fr. pari…

Pātī & Pāti

feminine a bowl, vessel, dish Vin.i.157 (avakkāra˚), Vin.i.352 (id.); Vin.ii.216 (id.); MN.i.25 (kaṃsa˚), MN.i.207; SN.ii.233; AN.iv.393 (suvaṇṇa˚, rūpiya˚ kaṃsa˚); Ja.i.347, Ja.i.501; Ja …

Pātī & Pāti

feminine a bowl, vessel, dish Vin.i.157 (avakkāra˚), Vin.i.352 (id.); Vin.ii.216 (id.); MN.i.25 (kaṃsa˚), MN.i.207; SN.ii.233; AN.iv.393 (suvaṇṇa˚, rūpiya˚ kaṃsa˚); Ja.i.347, Ja.i.501; Ja …

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

Pīta¹

1. having drunk or (pred.) being drunk (as liquid) SN.i.212 (madhu˚); Ja.i.198; Pv-a.25 (with asita, khāyita & sāyita as fourfold food).
2. soaked or saturated with (-˚), in *kasāya …

…-karaṇa doing service, paying homage Pv-a.30.

• -kāra = karaṇa Dhp-a.ii.44.

fr. pūj,…

1. to fill (with = gen. or instr.) SN.i.173; Snp.30, Snp.305; Ja.i.50 (pāyāsassa), Ja.i.347, Ja.ii.112 (pret. pūrayittha); Ja.iv.272 (sagga-padaṃ pūrayiṃsu filled with deva world); Dhp-a.ii.82 (saka …

dyer (& “washerman” in the same function), more correctly “bleacher.” See remarks of Kern’s at

Toevoegselen

ii.45 on distinction of washerman dyer
■ DN.i.51 (in list of occupations); Vin.iii.45; …

…reign); Ja.i.57; Ja.i.64 (ekarattena tīṇi rajjāni atikkamma; 3 kingdoms), Ja.iii.170 (˚ṃ amaccānaṃ niyyādetvā), Ja.i.199…

cord, line, rope SN.ii.128; Vin.ii.120 Vin.ii.148 (āviñchana˚); Cnd.304; Ja.i.464, Ja.i.483 (fisherman’s line); Ja.v.173; Mhvs.10, Mhvs.61; Dhp-a.iv.54; Vb-a.163 Kp-a.57; Vv-a.207; Sdhp.148, Sdhp. …

…Pv-a.141.

• -ākara a pearl-mine, a mine of precious metals Thag.1049; Ja.ii.414; Ja.vi.459; Dpvs.i.18. *…

Ratha¹

a two-wheeled carriage, chariot (for riding driving or fighting SN.i.33 (ethically); AN.iv.191 (horse cart; diff. parts of a ratha); MN.i.396; Snp.300, Snp.654 Vism.593 (in its com …

…(cp. DN-a.i.86: khuddakarathaṃ); Vin.ii.10; Vin.iii.180; MN.i.226; Mil.229.

fr. ratha, cp. Sk. rathaka m.

Rathaka²

adjective…

Ratta¹

1. dyed, coloured MN.i.36 (dūratta-vaṇṇa difficult to dye or badly dyed MN-a.167 reads duratta and explains as durañjita-vaṇṇa opp. suratta ibid.); Snp.287 (nānā-rattehi vatthe …

Raṅga¹

colour, paint Mil.11 (˚palibodha)

• -kāra dyer Mil.331.
• -jāta colour MN.i.385; Vb-a.331.
• -ratta dyed crimson Vin.i.18 …

…Toevoegselen

s. v. raṇakara gives “causing sinful desire” as trsl.

The word araṇa (see…

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

to be vexed, oppressed, hurt, molested (always with ref. to an illness or pain Snp.767 (salla-viddho va r.) Snp.1121; Mnd.5 (= kuppati ghaṭṭiyati, pīḷiyati); Cnd.543 (= kuppati pīḷayati ghaṭayati)
…

…= ruta-jña C. same meaning); Mil.178 (sakuṇa-ruta-ravita); Vv-a (karavīka˚).

pp. of ravati: see rava & ravati

…pahūta-vitt’ ûpakaraṇa pahūtadhana-dhañña paripuṇṇa-kosa-koṭṭhāgāra,“ e.g. DN.i.134. For a late description of a…

…pahūta-vitt’ ûpakaraṇa pahūtadhana-dhañña paripuṇṇa-kosa-koṭṭhāgāra,“ e.g. DN.i.134. For a late description of a…

pleasure, sport, amusement; -kara having pleasure, sporting, making love Ja.v.448.

fr. ram; cp. Vedic rāma

…tulā, vicchikā, dhanu, makara kumbha, mīna; or the ram, bull, twins, crab, lion, virgin balance, scorpion bow, capricorn, waterpot, fish)…

form, figure, appearance, principle of form, etc.

1. Definitions. According to P. expositors rūpa takes its designation fr. ruppati, e.g. “ruppanato rūpaṃ” Vism.588; “ruppan’ a …

Sa¹

the letter s (sa-kāra) Snp-a.23; or the syllable sa Dhp-a.ii.6; Pv-a.280.

Sa²

base of the nom. of the demonstr. pron. that, he she. The form sg. m. * …

adjective real, true DN.i.182; MN.ii.169; MN.iii.207; Dhp.408; nt. saccaṃ truly, verily, certainly Mil.120; saccaṃ kira is it really true? DN.i.113; Vin.i.45, Vin.i.60; Ja.i.107; saccato truly S …

adjective (able) to be realized SN.iii.223 sq.; DN.iii.230 = AN.ii.182 (in four ways by kāya, sati, cakkhu, paññā).

grd: of sacchikaroti

…Vin.i.11; SN.v.422; & -karaṇīya (q.v.)
pp sacchikata.

cp. Sk. sākṣāt kṛ; the P. form being *saccha˚ (=…

…-yoga = karaṇa-vacana Snp-a.44.

• -vatthu living together with Thig.414 Thig.425; Thag-a.269. *…

adverb forcibly, hastily, suddenly Snp.123; Dhp-a.iii.381; Pv-a.40, Pv-a.279 inconsiderately Ja.i.173; Ja.iii.441. -kāra violence DN.i.5; DN.iii.176; AN.ii.209; Pp.58; Ja.iv.11; DN-a.i.80.

ins …

to send out, prepare, give, equip; to fit up, decorate: dānaṃ to give a donation Dhp-a.ii.88; pātheyyaṃ to prepare provisions Ja.iii.343; gehe to construct houses Ja.i.18; nāṭakāni to arrange …

silver DN.ii.351 (variant reading); SN.v.92 (variant reading); AN.iii.16. Cp. sajjhu.

• -kāra silversmith Mil.331.

cp. Sk. sādhya

…Mil.138. Sakaruna-bhava

sa³ + karaṇīya

1. gravel, grit Vin.iii.147 = Ja.ii.284; Ja.i.192; AN.i.253; DN.i.84; Pv.iii.2#28; Dhp-a.iv.87.
2. potsherd Vv-a.157; Pv-a.282 Pv-a.285.
3. grain, granule, crystal, in loṇa˚; a salt crystal SN.i …

hospitality, honour, worship Vin.i.27, Vin.i.183; AN.ii.203; Ja.i.63; Ja.ii.9, Ja.ii.104; Dhp.75; Mil.386; Dhs.1121; Vism.270; Snp-a.284; Vb-a.466. -ṃ karoti to pay reverence, to say goodbye Dhp\ …

…Ja.i.198 Ja.i.209; samaggakaraṇa making for peace DN.i.4 = AN.ii.209 = Pp.57; DN-a.i.74; samagganandin, samaggarata, and samaggārāma,…

the dark of night Vin.iv.54; Dhp-a.ii.94; SN.iii.60.

saṃ + andhakāra

…of legal questions (adhikaraṇa) Vin.ii.93 Vin.iv.207; cp. Dhs-a.144; s. paṭivijjhati Pts.i.180.

• -yānika who makes quietude his…

Sammā¹

a pin of the yoke Abhp.449; a kind of sacrificial instrument Snp-a.321 (sammaṃ ettha pāsantī ti sammāpāso; and sātrā-yāgass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ). Cp. Weber Indische Streifen i.3 …

1. attainment, success accomplishment; happiness, good fortune; blessing bliss AN.i.38; Pv.ii.9#47 (= sampatti Pv-a.132)
   ■ Sampadā in its pregnant meaning is applied to the accomplishments of th …

the dative relation Ja.v.214 (upayogatthe), Ja.v.237 (karaṇatthe); Snp-a.499 (˚vacana).

saṃ + padāna

…Vin.ii.256; sampannaveyyākaraṇa a full explanation Snp.352. 2. endowed with, possessed of abounding in Vin.i.17; Snp.152, Snp.727…

…“añjali” at Divy.380, in phrase kṛta-kara-sampuṭah

(large) quantity of water, e.g. the Ganges; the sea the ocean DN.i.222; MN.i.493; AN.i.243; AN.ii.48 sq. AN.iii.240; DN.iii.196, DN.iii.198; SN.i.6, SN.i.32, SN.i.67; Ja.i.230; Ja.iv.167 Ja.iv.172; Dh …

…Samugga-jātaka the 436th Jātaka Ja.iii.527 sq. (called Karaṇḍaka-Jātaka ibid.; v.455).

Class. Sk. samudga

putting together, storing up DN.i.6; Snp.306, Snp.924; Mnd.372; -kāra storing DN.i.6; -kāraka storing up, store MN.i.523; Vin.i.209; Vin.iv.87; DN.iii.235; AN.i …

Sara¹

1. the reed Saccharum sara Mil.342.
2. an arrow (orig. made of that reed) DN.i.9; Dhp.304; Mil.396; Dhp-a.216 (visa-pīta).

• -tuṇḍa a beak as sharp as an arrow …

…Mhvs.11, Mhvs.23.

• -pakaraṇika mastering the 7 books of the Abhidhamma Ja.i.312; Dhp-a.iii.223.
• -patiṭṭha sevenfold firm…

Sattha¹

neuter a weapon, sword, knife; coll. “arms” DN.i.4, DN.i.56; Snp.309, Snp.819 (explained as 3: kāya˚, vacī˚, mano˚, referring to AN.iv.42 at Mnd.151); Ja.i.72, Ja.i.504; Pv.iii.10# …

1. transmigration, lit. faring on DN.i.54; DN.ii.206 (here = existence); MN.i.81 (saṃsārena suddhi); SN.ii.178 sq.; AN.i.10; AN.ii.12 = AN.ii.52; Snp.517; Dhp.60; Ja.i.115; Pv.ii.13#11; Vism.544 (in d …

1. closed DN.i.81.
2. tied up Ja.iv.361.
3. restrained, governed, (self-)controlled guarded DN.i.250; DN.iii.48, DN.iii.97; SN.ii.231; SN.iv.351 sq.; AN.i.7 (cittaṃ); AN.ii.25; AN.iii.387; Iti.96, It …

1. a song, chorus, music Ja.i.32 (dibba˚); Ja.vi.528 (of birds).
2. proclamation (cp. sangara), rehearsal, general convocation of the Buddhist clergy in order to settle questions of doctrine and to fi …

…for saṅgara Ne.149, in quot. fr. MN.iii.187.

Saṅkara²

adjective blissful Mhbv.4 (sabba˚).

cp. Sk….

dust heap DN.ii.160; SN.ii.270; MN.i.334. Explained as “sankāra-ṭṭhāna” K.S. ii.203.

unexplained

Saṅkheyya¹

adjective calculable; only neg. a˚; incalculable SN.v.400; AN.iii.366; Pv-a.212 -kāra acting with a set purpose Snp.351
■ As grd. of saṅkharoti: …

one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …

rubbish Vin.i.48; Vin.iv.265; Ja.i.315; Ja.ii.196.

• -kūṭa rubbish heap, dust heap MN.ii.7; Pp.33; Mil.365; Dhp-a.i.174. Cp. kacavara & kattara.;
• -cola a rag …

…Thig.268. Cp pari˚.

• -karaṇī “a wooden instrument for smoothing the ground, or a sort of trowel,” Abhp.1007; Ja.iv.250 (loc ˚iyaṃ…

causeway, bridge Vin.i.230 = DN.ii.89, Ja.i.199; Vism.412 (simile) Dhp-a.i.83; Snp-a.357; Pv-a.102, Pv-a.151, Pv-a.215. uttāra˚- a bridge for crossing over MN.i.134; SN.iv.174; Mil.194 *naḷa- …

1. fame DN.ii.223, DN.ii.255; MN.i.192; SN.ii.226 (lābha-sakkāra˚); AN.ii.26 AN.ii.143; Snp.438; Vin.i.183; Ja.iv.223 (= kitti-vaṇṇa); Mil.325; Snp-a.86 (˚bhaṇana, i.e. recitation); pāpasiloka havi …

stone, rock Vin.i.28; SN.iv.312 sq.; Vin.445; DN-a.i.154; Ja.v.68; Vism.230 (in comparison) Vb-a.64 (var. kinds); a precious stone, quartz Vin.ii.238; Mil.267, Mil.380; Vv.84#15 (= phalika˚ Vv-a.33 …

Sita¹

adjective sharp Dāvs i.32.

pp. of śā; Sk. śita

Sita²

1. (lit.) stuck in or to: hadaya˚ salla Snp.938; Mnd.412.
2. (fig.) reclining, resting, depending on, attached, cl …

lump of boiled rice Vin.ii.165, Vin.ii.214; Ja.i.189, Ja.i.235; Ja.v.387; Ja.vi.358 (odana˚), Ja.vi.365 (yāgu˚); Pv-a.99; sitthatelaka oil of beeswax Vin.ii.107, Vin.ii.151.

• -āvakārakaṃ (adv.) …

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

well-being, safety, bless ing AN.iii.38 = AN.iv.266 (“brings future happiness”) Ja.i.335; s. hotu hail! DN.i.96; sotthiṃ in safety, safely Dhp.219 (= anupaddavena Dhp-a.iii.293); Pv.iv.6#4 (= niru …

…Ne.40; Ne.127; ˚-karaṇa making for gentleness MN.i.96; AN.ii.148 = AN.iii.180.

fr. suvaca, in analogy to…

adjective safe MN.i.117; Vv.18#7 (= sotthika Vv-a.95); Ja.vi.339 (in the shape of a svastika?); Pv.iv.3#3 (= sotthi-bhāva-vāha Pv-a.250). -ālaṅkāra a kind of auspicious mark Ja.vi.488.

either …

gold; (adj.) golden Mhvs.5, Mhvs.87; Vv.5#4, Vv.36#7.

• -ālaṅkāra with golden ornaments Ja.ii.48.
• -dhaja with golden flags Ja.ii.48.
• -bhiṅkāra a gold …

…Dhp.314; AN.iii.245. -kara feasible, easy DN.i.250; Dhp.163; Snp.p.123; na sukaro so Bhagavā amhehi upasaṃkamituṃ…

adjective lucky; -karaṇa making happy or beloved (by charms) DN.i.11; DN-a.i.96
■ Der. sobhagga

su + bhaga

indeclinable a hissing sound (“suru”); surusuru-kārakaṃ (adv.) after the manner of making hissing sounds (when eating) Vin.ii.214; Vin.iv.197.

onamat.

Sutta¹

asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …

of good colour, good, favoured, beautiful DN.i.82; Dhs.223; Iti.99; AN.iv.255; Pp.60; Ja.i.226; suvaṇṇa (nt.) gold SN.iv.325 sq.; Snp.48, Snp.686 Cnd.687 (= jātarūpa); Kp-a.240; Vv-a.104; often toge …

emptiness, “void,” unsubstantiality, phenomenality; freedom from lust, ill-will and dullness, Nibbāna MN.iii.111; Kv.232; Dhs-a.221; Ne.118 sq., Ne.123 sq., Ne.126; Mil.16; Vism.333 (n’atthi; *[suññ …

1. toll, tax, customs Vin.iii.52; Vin.iv.131; AN.i.54 sq.; Dhp-a.ii.2; Ja.iv.132; Ja.vi.347; Pv-a iii.
2. gain, profit Thig.25 Thag-a.32.
3. purchase-price of a wife Thig.420; Ja.vi.266; Mil.47 sq …

being of good disposition Vin.i.6.

su + ākāra

adjective

1. good, virtuous, pious Snp.376, Snp.393; Ja.i.1; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.119; Pv-a.116, Pv-a.132 asādhu bad, wicked Dhp.163, Dhp.223; Dhp-a.iii.313.
2. good, profitable, proficient, meritoriou …

…the Buddhist bhikkhus Vin.iii.24#2; adj. ˚-samāpanna ibid.; adj. ˚-kara one who supports Ja.iv.42 (= sa-ājīvakara, C.).

adjective with its characteristics DN.i.13; DN.iii.111; MN.i.35; Pp.60; Vism.423 (+ sa-uddesa).

sa³ + ākāra

large (covered & enclosed) hall large room, house; shed, stable etc., as seen fr. foll examples: aggi˚; a hall with a fire Vin.i.25, Vin.i.49 = Vin.ii.210 āsana˚; hall with seats Dhp-a.ii.65; *ud …

…(upayog’atthe); Ja.v.42 (karaṇ’atthe), Ja.v.444; Vv-a.304; Snp-a.210 (for upayoga), Snp-a.310 (id.).

cp. Sk. svāmin, fr. sva =…

…˚antaradhāna.

• -kara complying with one’s order and teaching MN.i.129;
• -kāraka the same…

hemp-cloth DN.ii.350; Vin.iii.17; a screen, curtain, tent Ja.i.58, Ja.i.148 sq., Ja.i.178, Ja.i.419; Dhp-a.i.194; Dhp-a.ii.49. ˚-pākāra a screen-wall Vin.iv.269, Vin.iv.279; Ja.ii.88; Dhp-a.ii.6 …

Sīsa¹

neuter lead DN.ii.351; SN.v.92; Mil.331; Vb-a.63 (= kāḷa-tipu); a leaden coin Ja.i.7; --kāra a worker in lead Mil.331; --maya leaden Vin.i.190.

cp. Sk. sīsa

Sīsa^{2</s …}

…sū sū Dhp-a.i.171 Dhp-a.iii.352. Cp. sūkara & sūsūyati.

an informer, slanderer SN.ii.257 (= pesuñña-kāraka C.); Snp.246. Cp. saṃ˚.

fr. sūc to point out

needle Vin.ii.115, Vin.ii.117, Vin.ii.177; SN.ii.215 sq., SN.ii.257; Ja.i.111, Ja.i.248 Vism.284 (in simile); a hairpin Thig.254; Ja.i.9; a small door-bolt, a pin to secure the bolt MN.i.126; Thig.11 …

…a kind of wild rice Ja.vi.531 (variant reading sukasāli).

Sk. sūkara, perhaps as sū + kara; cp. Av. hū pig, Gr. ̔ϋς;…

pig-killer, pork-butcher SN.ii.257; AN.ii.207; AN.iii.303; Pp.56; Thig.242; Ja.vi.111; Thag-a.204.

fr. sūkara; BSk. saukarika Divy.505

slaughter-house Vin.i.202; Vin.ii.267; asisūnā the same Vin.ii.26; MN.i.130, MN.i.143; also sūna Ja.vi.111; and sūṇā Ja.v.303; sūnāpaṇa Ja.vi.111; sūnaghara …

Ta˚

base of demonstr. pron. for nt., in oblique cases of m. & f., in demonstr. adv. of place & time (see also sa).

I. Cases: nom

sg. nt. tad (older) Vin.i.83; Snp.1052; Dh …

…otherwise only in cpd. -sūkara the carpenter-pig (= a boar, so called from felling trees), title & hero of Jātaka No. 492 (Ja.iv.342 sq.). Cp….

Takkara¹

(= tat-kara) a doer thereof DN.i.235, MN.i.68; Dhp.19.

Takkara²

a robber, a thief Ja.iv.432.

tamo darkness (syn. andhakāra, opp. joti), lit. as well as fig. (mental darkness = ignorance or state of doubt); one of the dark states of life & rebirth; adj. living in one of the d …

…+). Cp. tanutara.

• -karaṇa making thinner, reducing, diminishing Vin.ii.316 (Bdhgh on CV. v.9, 2); *…

…Name of one of the adhikaraṇa-samathā: guilt (legal wrong) of such & such a character Vin.i.325; in detail expl. MN.ii.249; +…

adverb so, thus (and not otherwise, opp. aññathā), in this way, likewise Snp.1052 (variant reading yathā); Ja.i.137, etc
■ Often with eva tath’ eva just so, still the same, not different DN.iii.135 …

…Cp. also kaṭakaṭāyati & karakarā.

Onomatopoetic, to make a sound like taṭtaṭ. Root *kḷ (on ṭ for I̊ cp. taṭa for tala) to grind…

…padako veyyākaraṇo etc. DN.i.88 = (see DN-a.i.247); AN.i.163; AN.iii.223; Snp.447, Snp.1020 Cp. also Mvu.i.556
■ hītiha…

adjective

1. sharp, keen, eager: tibbagārava very devout AN.ii.21; Ne.112 (cp tīvraprasāda Avs.i.130); t- cchanda DN.iii.252, DN.iii.283.
2. dense, thick; confused, dark, dim: t- rāga Dhp.349 (= ba …

darkness Ja.iii.433 (andhakāra-timissāya); Pp.30 (andh˚-timisāya); Mil.283

Vedic tamisrā = tamas

lead, tin Vin.i.190 (˚maya); SN.v.92; Ja.ii.296; Mil.331 (˚kāra a worker in lead, tinsmith); Vism.174 (˚maṇḍala); Dhp-a.iv.104 (˚parikhā).

cp. Sk. trapu, non-Aryan?

…tiraccha & tiriyaṃ.

-karaṇī (f.) a curtain, a veil (lit. “drawing across” Vin.i.276; Vin.ii.152; -kucchigata having left the womb…

1. (adj.) one who is outside, or absent Vin.iii.185.
2. (adv.) in tirokkha-vāca one who speaks abusively or with disregard Ja.v.78.

= tiras + ka, cp. tiraskāra disdain abuse

…1913, 117–⁠118;

• -kara a “ford-maker”, founder of a sect DN.i.47, DN.i.116; MN.i.198; Snp.p.90, Snp.p.92; Mil.4,…

(tiṃsa˚) the number 30; DN.i.81≈(tiṃsaṃ pi jātiyo); SN.ii.217 (t
■ mattā bhikkhū); dat. instr. tiṃsāya AN.v.305 (dhammehi samannāgato); Snp.p.87 (pi dadāmi) Pv-a.281 (vassasahassehi): t
■ yojana\ …

…Thag-a.287; Bdhd 107

• -karala a wisp of grass Dhp-a.iii.38;
• -kājaka a load of g Dhp-a.iv.121;
• -gahana a…

tumult, uproar, commotion Ja.vi.247 (by Com. explained as “andhakāra,” darkness); Dpvs.xvii.100.

Sk. tumala; to *teu, Lat. tumeo, tumulus, tumultus, etc. E. thumb (swelling), cp. tunga tūla

Tunna¹

struck Thig.162 (vyādhimaraṇa˚ str. with sickness and death).

pp. of tudati

Tunna²

any pointed instrument as a stick, a goad, a bolt, or (usually) a needle Vin.i.290 ( …

satisfying, pleasing, in -kāraṇa cause for satisfaction or delight Ja.iii.448.

Sk. toṣaṇa

…(business), to accomplish: karaṇīyaṃ Mil.7; Pv-a.203; kiccaṃ Pv-a.278. 2. to measure, judge, recognize, always in formula tūleti tīreti…

happy, elated, buoyant, ltt. frisky; only in compounds -atta rejoicing, exultancy, elation of mind DN.i.3, DN.i.37; Ja.iii.466; Mil.183; DN-a.i.53, DN-a.i.122; and -ākāra id. Dhp-a.i.237. At …

…to go to stool); Vin.iv.265, Vin.iv.266 (uccāro nāma gūtho vuccati); Dhp-a.ii.56 (˚karaṇa defecation); uccārapassāva faeces & urine…

…urine) Vin.iv.262 (= mutta-karaṇassa dhovanā C.).

Vedic udaka, uda + ka (see uda²), of Idg. *ṷed, *ud, fuller…

…sq. (pañho, u. veyyākaraṇaṃ); Cnd.385#2 (+ paripucchā); Ja.i.116; Mil.257 (+ paripucchā). ek’uddesa a single repetition…

…comparison) DN.i.77 (ahiṃ karaṇḍā uddhareyya, further on ahi k. ubbhato Pv-a.115 (= abbahati); imper. uddharatha Ja.ii.95 (for abbaha);…

foundation of a wall, in stock phrase daḷh˚; etc. DN.iii.101; SN.v.194 = also at Ja.vi.276 (= pākāra-vatthu C.). Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. refers it to Sk. ud-vapati to dig out, and translates …

adjective (-˚)

1. taking up, acquiring, learning Vism.96 (ācariy˚), Vism.99 (˚paripucchā), Vism.277 (kananaṭṭhānassa).
2. noticing, taking notice, perception (as opp. to manasikāra) Vism.125, Vism.2 …

an owl (lit. “uhu”-maker) Ja.vi.538 (= ulūka C.).

onomat. uhu + kara, see under ulūka

light, lustre Ja.i.183 (˚kara); Mil.321.

ud + * jot of jotati, Sk. uddyotate

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

dung, excrement Ja.iv.485, otherwise only in cpd. ukkāra-bhūmi dung-hill Ja.i.5, Ja.i.146 (so read for ukkar˚), Ja.ii.40; Ja.iii.16, Ja.iii.75, Ja.iii.377; Ja.iv.72, Ja.iv.305, Vism.196 (˚ûpama ku …

upa*, e.g. devūpaṭṭhāna, lokûpaga, puññûpatthambhita-Meanings:

1. (Rest): on upon, up-˚kiṇṇa covered over; ˚jīvati live on (cp. anu˚); ˚tthambhita propped up, sup-ported; ˚cita heap …

1. approach, access Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.152; Vin.iv.304; Ja.i.83, Ja.i.172; Dhs-a.328 (phal˚).
2. habit practice, conduct Vin.ii.20 (dassan˚); Snp-a.140 (id.); Ja.iii.280.
3. way, means application, …

help, service, support; means of existence, livelihood DN.ii.340; AN.ii.86; Ja.i.7; Pv-a.60 (commodities), Pv-a.133 (˚manussa, adj. suitable, fit) Sdhp.69. In general any instrument or means of achi …

…doing good Pv-a.86.

fr. upa + kṛ; cp. upakaraṇa

adjective serviceable, helping, effective Ja.v.99; Vism.534
■ f. upakārikā

1. benefactress helper Ja.iii.437.
2. fortification (strengthening of the defence) on a city wall D …

adjective noun a benefactor Ja.iii.11; DN-a.i.187; Sdhp.540 Sdhp.546.

fr. upakāra; cp. ASk. upakārin Jtm.31#42

to receive, get, obtain to find, make out Mil.124 (kāraṇaṃ); usually in Pass. upalabbhati to be found or got, to be known; to exist MN.i.138 (an˚); SN.i.135; SN.iv.384; Snp.85 …

1. cause, means DN.ii.217, DN.ii.259; MN.iii.71 (samādhiṃ sa-upanisaṃ); SN.ii.30–SN.ii.32 (SN-a. = kāraṇa, paccaya); SN.v.25; AN.i.198; AN.iii.20, AN.iii.200 sq. AN.iii.360; AN.iv.99, AN.iv.336, AN. …

…upari sūkara-s˚), Pv-a.47 (upari chattaṃ dhāriyamāna), Pv-a.145 (sabbattha upari upon everything). 2. (prep. w. gen)…

…Snp-a.140; Kp-a.116; karaṇa˚ Snp-a.148; sampadāna˚ Ja.v.214; Snp-a.317; itthambhūta˚ Snp-a.441; nissakka˚ Ja.v.498.

fr. upa +…

an arrow Vin.iii.106 (˚loma); DN.i.9; MN.i.86; MN.iii.133; SN.i.127; AN.ii.117; AN.iii.162; Ja.iv.416 Ja.vi.79, Ja.vi.248, Ja.vi.454; Mil.331, Mil.339; Snp-a.466; Pv-a.155.

• *-[kāra](/define/kāra …

…in foll. compounds

• -karaṇīya an additional duty, higher obligation SN.ii.99; SN.iii.168; AN.v.157 = AN.v.164;…

…in foll. compounds

• -karaṇīya an additional duty, higher obligation SN.ii.99; SN.iii.168; AN.v.157 = AN.v.164;…

…see anuttariya. 2. an answer, rejoinder Dhp-a.i.44 (karaṇ˚-karaṇa).

abstr. fr. uttara; uttara + ya = Sk. *uttarya

…in foll. compounds

• -karaṇīya an additional duty, higher obligation SN.ii.99; SN.iii.168; AN.v.157 = AN.v.164;…

…in foll. compounds

• -karaṇīya an additional duty, higher obligation SN.ii.99; SN.iii.168; AN.v.157 = AN.v.164;…

…Ne.8, Ne.9, Ne.38
■ -karaṇa id Snp-a.445
■ -karoti to make clear or open, to declare show up, confess (a sin) Vin.i.103;…

1. (lit.)
   1. (good or proper) time, season: aruṇa-utu occasion or time of the sun(-rise) Dhp-a.i.165; utuṃ gaṇhāti to watch for the right time (in horoscopic practice), to prognosticate ibid. *s …

adjective noun hot, as adj only in phrase uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ chaḍḍeti to spill hot blood, i.e. to kill oneself Dhp-a.i.95; otherwise in compounds abs. only as nt. “heat” & always in contrast to sītaṃ “c …

Va¹

the syllable “va” Kp-a.109 (with ref. to ending ˚vā in Bhagavā, which Bdhgh exp^ls as “va-kāraṃ dīghaṃ katvā,” i.e. a lengthening of va); Snp-a.76 (see below va^{3</sup …}

…-kara one who does one’s bidding, obedient a servant Vv.16#5; Vv.84#21; Ja.ii.129; Ja.iv.41 (vacanaṃ-kara),…

…(= vaddhānaṃ apaciti-karaṇa Snp-a.332); Dhp.109; Dhp-a.ii.239 (= buḍḍhatare guṇavuddhe apacāyamāna) Cp. jeṭṭh’…

…hadayangama˚, karavīkaruda-mañju-ssara Mnd.446). Vagguli & i

cp. Vedic valgu, fr. valg; freq. in combination with vadati “to…

(-˚)

1. bringing, carrying, leading Pv.i.5#8 (vāri˚ river = mahānadī Pv-a.29); SN.i.103; Pv-a.13 (anattha˚). Doubtful in hetu- vahe Pv.ii.8#5, better with variant reading -vaco, explained by …

Vakka¹

adjective crooked Ja.i.216.

Vedic vakra; the usual P. form is vanka

Vakka²

neuter the kidney Snp.195; Kp iii.; Mil.26; Dhs-a.140. In detail described as one of the 32 …

power, authority, control, influence SN.i.43, SN.i.240 (kodho vo vasam āyātu: shall be in your power; vasa = āṇāpavattana K.S. i.320); MN.i.214 (bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca cittassa vasena v …

…iti; vossassa vassa-karaṇaṃ vassa-kammaṃ vassassa vossa-karaṇaṃ vossa-kammaṃ DN-a.i.97). -kāla time…

…fig. sense!], āyatana & adhikaraṇa); AN.iv.334; DN.i.13 sq. (aṭṭhādasahi vatthūhi etc.) Ja.ii.5 (avatthumhi chandaṃ mâkari do not set…

…AN.i.152 AN.i.299.

• -karaṇa expense, expenditure Ja.iv.355; Vin.ii.321 (Sam. Pās on C. V. vi.4, 6, explaining…

appearance etc (lit. “cover, coating”). There is a considerable fluctuation of meaning, especially between meanings 2, 3, 4. One may group as follows.

1. colour Snp.447 (meda˚); SN.v.216 (chavi˚ of t …

rope, cable Ja.iii.478 (nāvā sa-vaṭākarā).

probably distorted by metathesis from Sk. vaṭārakā. Fr. vaṭa rope. On etym. of the latter see Walde, Lat. Wtb. s. v. volvo

Vaṭṭa¹

adjective noun

1. round circular; (nt.) circle Pv-a.185 (āyata +); Kp-a.50 (˚nāli). See cpd. -aṅguli.
2. (fig.) “rolling on,” the “round” of existences, cycle of transmigrati …

Ve¹

indeclinable part. of affirmation, emphasizing the preceding word: indeed, truly Vin.i.3 (etaṃ ve sukhaṃ); Dhp.63 (sa ve bāḷo ti vuccati), Dhp.83 (sabbattha ve), Dhp.16 …

…Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. pisuṇaṃ Vv-a.347).

fr….

…Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. pisuṇaṃ Vv-a.347).

fr….

…Snp.595; Mil.236; Snp-a.447.

= vyākaraṇa

…service, work Ja.iii.422; -kara servant, agent, (f.) housekeeper Ja.iii.327; Vv-a.349; --kārikā (f.) id. Pv-a.65
■ Cp…

indeclinable

I.

1. inseparable prefix of separation and expansion, in original meaning of “asunder,” semantically closely related to Lat. dis- & Ger ver-. Often as base-prefix in var mean …

…Ne.38 (+ vivaraṇā uttāni-kammatā); Tikp.10; Snp-a.445 (vivaraṇa, v. uttāni-karaṇa); Dhs-a.343, Dhs-a.344. Cp….

…(˚-) DN.iii.229 (˚vyākaraṇīya pañha “discriminating reply” translation); AN.ii.46 (˚vacana analysis)- -vāda the Vibhajja…

1. form, way; rule, direction, disposition, method, motto Vism.278 (manasikāra˚, eightfold); Pv-a.78 (dāna˚ = dāna), Pv-a.126; Vv-a.82
   ■ instr. vidhinā in due form Mhvs.14 …

1. mode, manner, sort, kind; proportion, form, variety DN.iii.103 (ādesana˚); Thig.395 (cakkhu˚ “shape of an eye” translation); Vb-a.496 (in explⁿ of kathaṃ-vidha: “ākāra-saṇṭhānaṃ vidhā …

1. arrangement, get up, performance, process Ja.iii.178 (attano vidhānena “in his robes of office”); Vism.66 sq.; Dhs-a.168 = Vism.122 (bhāvanā˚); Vb-a.69, Vb-a.71 (manasikāra˚) Thag-a.273 (id.). …

to alter, change, disturb; aor. vyakāsi Ja.ii.166 (= vikāraṃ akāsi parivattayi C.); so read for T. vyākāsi
imper Pass. 3 sg. vikiriyyatu “let him be disturbed” Ja.iii.368 (after Kern,

Toevoegs …

…= Pp.23 (which reads nikaraṇā; trsl. “guilefulness”). In this connection Vb-a.493 interprets vikiraṇa (or ˚ā) as “denial,…

1. change, alteration, in mahā˚; great change Vism.366, Vism.367 (of two kinds: anupādiṇṇa upādiṇṇa, or primary & secondary, i.e. the first caused by kappa-vuṭṭhāna, the second by dhātu-kkhobha) K …

distortion, grimace (mukha˚) Snp-a.30.

cp. vikuṇita & vikāra

in hattha˚; jerking of the hand beckoning (as a mode of making signs) Vin.i.157; MN.i.207 (has g for gh, cp. p. 547)
■ Cp. hattha-vikāra.

fr. vilangheti

worker in bamboo, a basketmaker Vin.iii.82; Mil.331; Vb-a.222 (˚ka in simile) Pv-a.175.

vilīva + kāra

change, mutation, alteration Ja.vi.370; Dhp-a.i.28; Vv-a.46.

vi + pakāra

…= Vism.543.

• -gabbha-karaṇa (using charms for) procuring abortion DN.i.11; DN-a.i.96 (explained here as first trying to destroy the…

…viruṭañ ca gabbhakaraṇaṃ at Snp.927 with the passage viruddha-gabbhakaraṇaṃ at DN.i.11 (cp. DN-a.i.96), which seems more…

Viseni˚

“without an enemy,” in -katvā making armyless, i.e. disarming Snp.833, Snp.1078. Explained in the Niddesa as “keep away as enemies, conquering” Mnd.174 = Cnd.602 (where Nd i.reads paṭiseni …

…e.g. Vism.250; Mhvs.6, Mhvs.44; Snp-a.583; Vv-a.38; Pv-a.214- visukaraṇa separation Thag-a.257.

cp. Sk. viṣu, a derivation fr….

reflection, thought, thinking; “initial application” (Cpd. 282)
■ defined as “vitakkanaṃ vitakko, ūhanan ti vuttaṃ hoti” at Vism.142 (with simile on p. 143, comparing vitakka with vicāra kumbhakār …

…Pv.ii.8#1 (= vittiyā upakaraṇa-bhūtaṃ vittaṃ Pv-a.106)
■ Often in phrase -ūpakaraṇa possessions & means, i.e. wealth; e.g….

preparation, display, distinction, splendour, majesty Snp.299 (= sampatti Snp-a.319).

vi + ākāra

only at DN.iii.43 in phrase ˚ṃ āpajjati in meaning of “making a distinction,” being particular (about food: bhojanesu), having a dainty appetite; explained by “dve bhāge karoti” Bdhgh. It seems to sta …

1. difference Snp.611.
2. constituent of being (i.e. the khandhas), usually as eka˚, catu˚ & pañca˚-bhava;, e.g. Kv.261; Vb.137 Tikp.32, Kp.36 sq.; Vism.572; Kp-a.245; Snp-a.19, Snp-a.158 In thi …

…or veyvañjanika veyyākaraṇa, veyyāyika. It further appears as by˚ (like byaggha, byañjana, byappatha, byamha, byāpanna byābādha…

…Ja.i.44; Dhp-a.iv.120.

fr. vyākaroti; see also veyyākaraṇa

see viy˚.

…ādi-kamma-karaṇena vyāvaṭa C.)
■ dassana˚; keen on a sight, eager to see Ja.i.89; Vv-a.213 (preferred to T….

Vākarā = vāgulā

net, snare MN.i.153 (daṇḍa˚, dvandva); MN.ii.65
■ As vākara at Ja.iii.541; as vākura at Thag.774.

…-a Ja.vi.170 Kp-a.47 (sūkara˚); Thag-a.78; as -ā Ja.vi.582. Another P. form is vākarā.

cp. Epic & Class. Sk. vāgurā; to Idg….

…-a Ja.vi.170 Kp-a.47 (sūkara˚); Thag-a.78; as -ā Ja.vi.582. Another P. form is vākarā.

cp. Epic & Class. Sk. vāgurā; to Idg….

…voice, talk; only in cpd. -karaṇa talk, speaking conversation, as kālyāṇa-vāk-karaṇa good speech AN.ii.97; AN.iii.195, AN.iii.261;…

…Pp.55

• -maya made of bark Vin.ii.130. Vakara = vagula

late Sk. valka, cp. P. vakka

Vākarā = vāgulā

net, snare MN.i.153 (daṇḍa˚, dvandva); MN.ii.65
■ As vākara at Ja.iii.541; as vākura at Thag.774.

…difficult Vin.ii.299 (adhikaraṇa).

cp. Sk. vyāla

Vāla³

neuter water; only in cpd. -ja a fish (cp. vārija).

= vāri, cp….

…spending time Snp.19 (ekaratti˚), Snp.414 (ettha˚). vassa˚; spending Lent Pv-a.20; vuttha˚; having spent Lent Ja.i.183. Cp…

consideration, examination, test, investigation, the fourth of the Iddhipādas, q.v. DN.iii.77 (˚samādhi), DN.iii.222; SN.v.280; AN.i.39, AN.i.297; AN.iii.37 AN.iii.346; AN.v.24, AN.v.90, AN.v.338; Pts …

1. street, way, road, path, track AN.v.347, AN.v.350 sq.; Vv.83#6; Ja.i.158 (garden path); Ja.v.350 (dve vīthiyo gahetvā tiṭṭhati, of a house); Ja.vi.276 (v and raccha); Dhp-a.i.14; Vv-a.31; Pv-a …

…y: Ja.i.430 (padasandhikara); Ja.iii.433 (vyañjana-sandhi-vasena gahita). 2. the letter (or syllable) ya: Ja.v.427 (nipāta-matta). It…

…Lat. Wtb. s. v. aestimo
■ The Dhtp (62) defines root by “deva-pūjā, sangati-karaṇa dānesu,” i.e. “said of deva-worship, of…

…Cp. paṭala (ref. Vism.257). Ya-kara

see peḷa

…devaputtā join). -sūkara a y. in the form of a pig Vb-a.494. -senā army of ys. DN.iii.194;…

…bhikkhus); SN.i.209 (Piyankara-mātā); Ja.i.240 (as a goat), Ja.i.395 sq.; Ja.ii.127; Ja.iii.511; Ja.v.21 (eating a baby), Ja.v.209 (eaten by a…

…also called Yamaka-ppakaraṇa; Tikp.8
■ The Yamakasutta refers to the conversion of the bhikkhu Yamaka and is given at SN.iii.109…

…random ‣See above; ˚ -karaṇiya to be done or dealt with ad lib., i.e. a victim, prey SN.ii.226 SN.iv.91 SN.iv.159 Iti.56

• -kārin as…

…(yato + adhikaraṇaṃ) because (lit. by reason of which; cp. kim-ādhikaraṇaṃ, see adhik.) DN.i.70; DN.i.113; MN.i.269;…

…SN.iv.220; AN.iv.169.

-karaṇa the preparation of corn AN.iv.169. -kalāpī (or ˚inī) a sheaf of…

1. a brahmanic sacrifice.
2. alms-giving charity, a gift to the Sangha or a bhikkhu.

The brahmanic ritual of Vedic times has been given a changed and deeper meaning. Buddhism has discarded the outwa …

…(anujānāmi bh. adhikaraṇaṃ yebhuyyasikāya vūpasametuṃ), Vin.ii.93 (vivād’ âdhikaraṇaṃ dvīhi samathehi sammati:…

…(āsavānaṃ khayāya y. karaṇīya); Mil.35. yogaṃ āpajjati to show (earnest) endeavour, to be active SN.iii.11 sq.; Vb.356 (attanā)
…

1. the womb.
2. origin, way of birth, place of birth, realm of existence; nature, matrix There are four yonis or ways of being born or generation viz. aṇḍaja oviparous creation, …

1. (lit.) yoked, harnessed (to loc.) Pv.i.11#4 (catubbhi yutta ratha); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.42 (goṇā rathe yattā); Dhp-a.i.24 (dhure yuttā balivaddā)
2. coupled; connected with; (applied) devoted to, applie …

indeclinable lokasmiṃ yad idam arahanto “as far as the abodes of beings, as far as heaven, these are the highest these are the best, I mean the Arahants.” SN.iii.84 yāvatā dhammā sankhatā vā asankhatā …

…ñātīnaṃ kattabba-karaṇaṃ Pv-a.30);

• -parivatta the circle of relations DN.i.61; MN.i.267; Pp.57≈ *…

…(= Cnd.266#b ˚upeta);

• -karaṇa (adj.) giving (right) understanding enlightening, in combination with cakkhukaraṇa…

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

…(= udakena mukhasiddhi-karaṇa DN-a.i.98). 2. after evacuation Ja.iii.486.

• -kumbhī water-pitcher used for rinsing…

concentration, attention, mindfulness Snp-a.290 (+ daḷhīkaraṇa), Snp-a.398 (id.).

ā + dhāraṇatā

1. (m.) starting-point, beginning Snp.358 (acc. ādiṃ = kāraṇaṃ Snp-a.351); Dhp.375 (nom. ādi); Mil.10 (ādimhi); Ja.vi.567 (abl. ādito from the beginning). For use as nt. see below 2 b.
2. (adj & adv …

…SN.iv.7 SN.iv.168; AN.i.57 (akaraṇīye kayiramāne), AN.i.258 (ko loke assādo), AN.iii.250 sq.; AN.iii.267 sq. (duccarite), AN.i.270…

1. come, arrived Mil.18 (˚kāraṇa the reason of his coming); Vv-a.78 (˚ṭṭhāna); Pv-a.81 (kiṃ āgat’attha why have you come here) come by, got, attained (˚-) AN.ii.110 = Pp.48 (˚visa); Mhvs.xiv.28 (˚p …

“one who is beaten”, a slave, a worker (of low grade) Vin.iv.224 (in def. of kammakāra, as bhaṭaka + ā).

fr. āhata

feeding, support, food, nutriment (lit & fig.). The term is used comprehensively and the usual enum^n. comprises four kinds of nutriment, viz.

1. kabaḷinkāra āhāro (bodily nutriment, either …

Ājāniya (ājānīya)

adjective noun of good race or breed; almost exclusively used to denote a thoroughbred horse (cp. assājāniya under assa³).

1. ājāniya (the more common & younger Pāli f …

Ājāniya (ājānīya)

adjective noun of good race or breed; almost exclusively used to denote a thoroughbred horse (cp. assājāniya under assa³).

1. ājāniya (the more common & younger Pāli f …

mine, usually in cpd. ratan-ākara a mine of jewels Thag.1049; Ja.ii.414; Ja.vi.459; Dpvs.i.18
■ Cp. also Mil.356; Vv-a.13.

cp. Sk. ākara

“the (way of) making”, i.e.

1. state, condition Ja.i.237 (avasan˚ condition of inhabitability); Ja.ii.154 (patan˚ state of falling, labile equilibrium) cp. paṇṇ˚
2. property, quality, attribute DN.i. …

appearance; reason, manner (cp. ākāra⁴) Ja.i.269 (ākārakena = kāraṇena C.).

ākāra + ka

adjective having a reason, reasonable, founded MN.i.401 (saddhā).

fr. ākāra

…-kara making light, bringing light, n. light-bringer Iti.108.

• -karaṇa making light, illumining Iti.108 *…

…Thag.1055; Iti.18; Pv.ii.1#7; Pp.58; Mil.231, Mil.406; Vism.106; DN-a.i.80 (= vilopa-karaṇaṃ).

ā + lup, cp. ālumpati; BSk….

breaking off, falling off (?) or forming into bits(?) Dhp-a.ii.55 (˚gūtha).

reading not sure, to ālumpati or ālopa

and Ānañja immovability, imperturbability, impassibility. The word is n. but occurs as adj. at Vin.iii.109 (ānañja samādhi, with which cp. BSk. ānijyā śāntiḥ at Avs.i.199
■ T …

…SN.v.267, SN.v.276; AN.i.58 (karaṇīye kariyamāne); AN.ii.26, AN.ii.185, AN.ii.239, AN.ii.243 (sikkhā˚); AN.iii.41 (dāne), AN.iii.248…

…Vin.ii.88 (˚adhikaraṇa), Vin.ii.259 (˚ṃ paṭikaroti); Vin.iv.344; DN.iii.212 (˚kusalatā); AN.i.84 (id.), AN.i.87; AN.ii.240…

…Commentary defined as kicca, karaṇīya, attha, i.e. 1. undertaking duty, 2. object. SN.i.76 (mah˚); SN.v.66, SN.v.104 sq. (˚dhātu) SN.iii.338…

whirling or spinning round, revolving; swung round, set into whirling motion Ja.iv.6 (cakkaṃ = kumbhakāra-cakkam iva bhamati C.); Ja.v.291. What does an-āviddha at Pv-a.135 mean?

pp. of āvijjhati …

…a wife DN.i.11 (= āvāha-karaṇa DN-a.i.96). 2. “getting up, bringing together”, i.e. a mass, a group or formation, in senā˚ a…

1. stretch, extent, reach, compass, region; sphere, locus, place, spot; position, occasion (corresponding to Bdhgh’s definition at DN-a.i.124 as “samosaraṇa”) DN.iii.241, DN.iii.279 (vimutti˚); SN.ii …

…DN.i.187; Dhp.185 (= payoga-karaṇa Dhp-a.iii.238). 5. (t. t.) obligation guarantee(?) Snp-a.179
■ Cp. sam˚.

Sk. āyoga, of ā +…

life, vitality, duration of life, longevity DN.iii.68, DN.iii.69, DN.iii.73, DN.iii.77; SN.iii.143 (usmā ca); SN.iv.294; AN.i.155; AN.ii.63, AN.ii.66 (addh˚); AN.iii.47, AN.iv.76, AN.iv.139; Snp.694, …

Āḷārika & ˚iya

adjective noun a cook DN.i.51 (= bhattakāraka DN-a.i.157); Ja.v.296 (bhattakāraka C.); Ja.v.307; Ja.vi.276 (˚iya, C. ˚ika = sūpika) Mil.331.

Sk. ārālika, of uncertain etym.

Āḷārika & ˚iya

adjective noun a cook DN.i.51 (= bhattakāraka DN-a.i.157); Ja.v.296 (bhattakāraka C.); Ja.v.307; Ja.vi.276 (˚iya, C. ˚ika = sūpika) Mil.331.

Sk. ārālika, of uncertain etym.

reasoning, consideration, examination Mil.32 (“comprehension” trsl.; as characteristic of manasikāra); Vism.142 = Dhs-a.114 (“prescinding” trsl. as characteristic of vitakka).

fr. ūhanati?

1. placed, put down; set up, arranged, often simply pleonastic for finite verb (= being): saṃharitvā ṭh. being folded up Ja.i.265 (cp similar use of gahetvā c. ger.): mukkhe ṭh. Ja.vi.366 ˚sankāra (du …

…or kāraṇehi pāmujjakaraṇaṃ ṭh. (object) Snp.256; ekaccesu ṭhānesu sameti ekaccesu na sameti “I agree in certain points, but not…