secondary root of karoti, in denom. and intensive function in kāra, kāraka, kāraṇa, kārin, kāreti and their derivations.

The river on whose banks was the Lonagiri (or Lena°) vihāra where lived the Thera Sabbaka (Sappaka). Thag.307–310

Here also, in a cave, dwelt the Thera Bhūta. Thag.518f.

This river was probably …

A banyan tree in Uruvelā, on the banks of the Nerañjara, near the Bodhi tree. A week after the Enlightenment the Buddha went there and spent a week cross-legged at the foot of the tree. There he met …

…minister, Dīgha Kārāyana, his son Viḍūḍabha usurped the throne, Pasenadi, finding himself deserted, went towards Rājagaha to…

…who lived in the Paribbājakārāma on the banks of the River Sappinī near Rājagaha. He is mentioned as staying with the well-known…

…as living in the Paribbājakārāma in the Moranivāpa in Veḷuvana near Rājagaha. He was probably one of the company who was with Sakuludāyi…

First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …

…toilet at the Badarikārāma because he was unwilling to violate the rule laid down by the Buddha that no novice should share the room of…

…the Buddha addresses Ghaṭīkāra Brahmā as “Bhaggava”; he had been a potter of Vehaliṅga in his previous birth and the name…

Bālakaloṇakāra BākalonakārāgamaBālakalonakārāma

A locality near Kosambī.

When the monks of Kosambī started quarrelling, the Buddha left…

BārānasīBenares

The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …

The Wheel Treasure that is one of the seven treasures of a Wheel Turning Monarch (cakkavatti). The Cakkaratana is the Cakkavatti’s chief symbol of office; on its appearance before him, he sprinkles …

A World ruler. The world itself means “Turner of the Wheel,” the Wheel (Cakka) being the well known Indian symbol of empire. More than one thousand sons are his; his dominions extend throughout the …

…the Saṅgha.

The Soṇadaṇḍa, the Dasuttara, the Kandaraka and the Kāraṇḍava Suttas were preached there.

25.25, 871town

Candana¹

A deva, vassal of the Four Regent Gods. DN.ii.258 He is mentioned as one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in case of need. DN.iii.204 He once visited …

…resident in the Ambātakārāma and was looked after by Citta. Once, when the two Chief Disciples and several other eminent Elders came to the…

Cunda¹

A worker in metals living in Pāvā. When the Buddha reached Pāvā on his way to Kusinārā, he stayed in Cunda’s Mango grove. There Cunda visited him and invited him and the monks to a …

DaṇḍakīraññaDandakārañña

The forest which overgrew Kaliṅga when it was laid waste through the wickedness of King Dandakī….

A pool near Kosambī. Close by was the Pilakkhaguhā and the Paribbājakārāma, where Ānanda once visited Sandaka and held a discussion with him. MN.i.513

25.321684,81.3180543lake

…king’s permission. Vassakāra, hearing of this, reported the matter to Bimbisāra, who sent for Dhaniya. Dhaniya maintained that the king, by…

A Koliyan, inhabitant of Kakkarapatta. There he visited the Buddha and asked for a teaching which would bring happiness both in this world and the next. The Buddha explained to him the four conditions …

Nephew of Bandhula, commander-in-chief of Pasenadi. After Bandhula’s death, Dīgha was appointed in his place and accompanied the king. Once, during their travels, they came to Nangaraka and, hearing …

A wanderer. He visited the Buddha at Sūkarakhatalena and the Buddha preached to him the Dīghanakha Sutta, at the end of which he became a sotāpanna. In the sutta he is addressed as Aggivessana. MN.i.497f.

…follow the Dhamma, which is the true wealth. At the end of the discourse Esukārī declares himself to be a follower of the Buddha. MN.ii.177ff.

…his confidence in Ghaṭīkāra’s piety. Once, when Ghaṭīkāra was absent, the people, at the Buddha’s suggestion, took away the thatch…

…AN.iii.368 and Vassakāra. AN.iv.18 DN.ii.72

Several well-known suttas were preached on Gijjhakūṭa—e.g., the Māgha, Dhammika and…

…after having eaten there at the invitation of Sunidha and Vassakāra. Vin.i.230 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.89

Pāṭaliputta2building

…Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī and Sīhappapātaka; these lakes are never heated by the sun. AN.iv.101 The…

IccānaṅgalaIcchānaṅkala

A brahmin village in the Kosala country. It was while staying in the woodland thicket there that the Buddha preached the Ambaṭṭha Sutta. DN.i.87 From this sutta, the village w …

…SN.iii.66f.

• the Rathakāra or Pacetana Sutta AN.i.110f.
• the two Pāsa Suttas SN.i.105f.
• the Samaya Sutta AN.iii.320ff.
• the…

…built the Anāthapiṇḍikārāma. When the Buddha accepted Anāthapiṇḍika’s invitation to visit Sāvatthī the latter, seeking a suitable…

…of Kassapa Buddha. Ghaṭīkāra was his friend and invited Jotipāla to accompany him to the Buddha, but Jotipāla refused to go, saying that a…

…the Tindukkhāna-paribbājakārāma and tried to get Pātikaputta to come. But the latter was unable to come, being fixed in his seat. Jāliya…

A township of the Koliyans. It was while the Buddha was staying there that the Koliyan Dīghajāṇu came to see him. AN.iv.281

27.51557,83.773493town

A Yakkha, mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta as being one of the chief Yakkhas who should be invoked by followers of the Buddha when they need protection. DN.iii.204

A building in the Jetavana where the Mahāpadāna Sutta was taught. DN.ii.1ff.

Jetavana3building

A pavilion near the Karerikutikā, evidently a hall with a thatched roof supported by wooden pillars, but with no walls.DN.ii.1 The monks seem to have been in the habit of sitting out here and talking …

A class of spirits, present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.260

…friendship, which Ghaṭīkāra seemed too modest to mention. SN.i.34f.

The Majjhima Nikāya MN.ii.45f. gives details of the earnestness…

KassapakārāmaKassapārāma

A monastery in Rājagaha, probably near Veḷuvana. It was here that Assaji stayed during his last illness, when the…

King of Mithilā. He was the son of Nimi and belonged to the Makhādeva dynasty. Whereas other kings of his race left the household at the approach of old age, he broke the tradition by not doing so. He …

…birth. He is mentioned with six others, all in like circumstances, by Ghaṭīkāra, on the occasion of a visit he paid to the Buddha. SN.i.35…

…he lay very ill at the Badarikārāmā, near Kosambī, some monks, staying at the Ghositārāma, sent one of their number, Dāsaka, with a message…

The capital of King Khemaṅkara and the birthplace of Kakusandha. DN.ii.7

4town

Khemaṅkara¹Khemaṅkura

The constant attendant of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.6

Khemaṅkara²KhemaKhemākara

The king of Khema or Khemavatī, where the Buddha Kakusandha was born. DN.ii.7

…the Buddha described Ghaṭīkāra’s virtues, the king was pleased and sent five hundred cartloads of provisions to Ghaṭīkāra who, however,…

…and the Badarikārāma. The Buddha visited Kosambī on several occasions, stopping at one or other of these residences, and several…

One of the republican clans in the time of the Buddha. The Koḷiyā owned two chief settlements—one at Rāmagāma and the other at Devadaha.

Attached probably to the Koliyan central authorities, was a sp …

kārambhīKāranvī

A wood in which the Elder Cittaka sojourned for some time. Thag.22

4park

…to him his minister Vassakāra. The Buddha predicted DN.ii.72ff. that as long as the Licchavis remained united they were proof against any…

Lohicca¹

A brahmin of Makkarakata in Avanti. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was living there in a forest hut, a number of Lohicca’s pupils came there and began abusing the monks, calling them shav …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that, thrusting aside grasses with his chest, he will seek seclusion. Thag.27

According to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lom …

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

…Sutta SN.v.158 and the Vassakāra Sutta. AN.ii.35f.

Bāvarī had three Mahāpurisalakkhaṇā; he could touch his forehead with his tongue, he…

…four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotattā, Sīhapapātā, Rathakāra, Kappamundā, Kuṇālā, Chaddantā and Mandākinī….

A locality in Avanti. Mahā Kaccāna once stayed there in a forest hut and was visited by Lohicca and his pupils. SN.iv.116f.

Avanti3town

…a garden, called the Mallikārāma, in which was a Hall among the Deispyros trees set apart for religious discussions between members of various…

Mallikāya ārāmaMallikārāma

A park in Sāvatthī belonging to Queen Mallikā. DN.i.178 MN.ii.22

27.50735, 82.074733park

The name of a people and their country.

The country is included in the sixteen Great Nations of the Buddha’s time. The kingdom, at that time, was divided into two parts, having their respective capit …

…staying there with Dīgha Kārāyana, heard that the Buddha was there and visited him. On this occasion was preached the Dhammacetiya Sutta. This…

…It contained a Paribbājakārāma, the resort of recluses of various denominations. The Udumbarika Sīhanāda, the Mahā Sakuladāyi and the…

…accompanied by Dīgha-Kārāyana, paid his last visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Dhammacetiya Sutta. MN.ii.118

The Buddha evidently…

…of colleagues at the Udumbarikārāma near Rājagaha, Sandhāna, on his way to see the Buddha, stopped him and entered into conversation. The…

Nigrodhārāma¹

A grove near Kapilavatthu, where a residence was provided for the Buddha. Vin.i.82 There Mahāpajāpati Gotamī first asked permission for women to enter the Order. This was ref …

A king, ancestor of the Sākyas and the Kolians.

In the Ambaṭṭha Sutta DN.i.92 it is stated that Okkāka, being fond of his queen and wishing to transfer the kingdom to her son, banished from the kingd …

A little boy Yakkha. While his mother, with him on her hip, was seeking for food at night, she came unexpectedly to Jetavana where Anuruddha was reciting some verses. The sound pleased her and she sto …

…born in the Avihā world, in the company of Ghatīkārā. SN.i.35 SN.i.60

…conversation between him and Kāraṇapālī. The latter meets Piṅgiyānī and, on learning that he was returning from a visit to the Buddha, asks…

…which took place in Mallikārāma in Sāvatthī, is reported in the Poṭṭhapāda Sutta. Poṭṭhapāda, accepting the Buddha’s views, was…

…passing through Bālaklonakāragāma and Pācīnavaṃsadāya, went to Pārileyyaka, where he stayed at the foot of Bhaddasāla in the…

…ministers, Sunīdha and Vassakāra, were engaged in building fortifications there in order to repel the Vajjīs. The Buddha prophesied the future…

…to the Tindukhānuparibbājakārāma. A message was sent to him asking him to come as the Buddha was at his hermitage, but Pātikaputta was unable…

…the meeting, held in Vālikārāma, regarding the Ten Points. All the Ten Points were declared to be wrong, and, at the end of the questions,…

…staying there in the Badarikārāma. Rāhula was told there of a new rule which had been laid down to the effect that no novice should sleep under…

…Pipphaliguhā, Udumbarikārāma, Moranivāpa with its Paribbājakārāma, Tapodārāma, Indasālaguhā in Vediyagiri, Sattapaṇṇiguhā,…

RāmagāmakaRāmagāma

A Koliyan village on the banks of the Ganges. Its inhabitants claimed and obtained a share of the Buddha’s relics, over which they erected a thūpa. DN.ii.167

26.146795,84.098271town

SabbakaSappaka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his joy in living on the banks of the Ajakaraṇī, practising meditation. Thag.307–310.

SakkharaSakkāra

A township of the Sākyans where the Buddha once stayed with Ānanda. SN.v.2 It was not far from Rājagaha and was the residence of…

…the Buddha in the Paribbājakārāma at Moranivāpa in Rājagaha.

He is also said to have been present when the Buddha visited the…

Samiddhi

Once, while he was at Silāvati musing on his good fortune as a monk, Māra tried to terrify him. Samiddhi told the Buddha of this, but the Buddha asked him to stay on where he was. He obeyed, …

…this, visited the Paribbājakārāma, on the banks of the Sappinikā, and challenged Sarabha to repeat his statement. Three times the challenge was…

SikhīArindama

A Buddha of a past age.DN.ii.7 DN.iii.195f. SN.ii.9

• He was born in the Nisabha pleasance in Aruṇavatī.
• His father was the khattiya Aruṇa and his mother Pabhāvatī.
• His wife wa …

SippinikātīraSappinīSappinīkā

A river that flowed through Rājagaha. On its bank was a Paribbājakārāma where famous Paribbājakas lived in the Buddha’s time. AN.i.185 AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 SN.i.153

Rājagaha3river

…in a monastery (the Ambātakārāma) provided by Citta. Citta used to invite Sudhamma to his house for meals. One day Sāriputta, at the head of…

She was the daughter of King Koñca of Mantāvatī. Her Therīgāthā verses, of which she has the greatest number of any of the nuns, speak of the emptiness of the home life and the advantages of going for …

…distance was the Paribbājakārāma in Queen Udumbarika’s park. The Buddha was walking about in the open air near Sumāgadhā, just before he…

…of Māgadha, who, with Vassakāra, was in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built in order to repel the Vajjīs. These two are always…

…he stayed at the Kāḷakārāma AN.ii.24 gifted to the Order by Kāḷaka, and the Tikantakivana, AN.iii.169 both of which were evidently near…

…Pasenadimhi Kosale nipaccakāram abhivādanam paccupatthānam añjalikammam sāmīcikammam); cf. Sn.vs 422, where the Buddha describes his…

SūkarakhaSūkarakhataSūkarakhatala

A cave on the side of Gijjhakūṭa, where the Buddha stayed. There he preached the Dīghanakha Sutta to Dīghanakha. Sāriputta was also present, and the sutta led to his …

TekicchakārīTekicchakāni

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, by recollecting the triple Gem and the four immeasurables, he overcomes…

…dwelling of wanderers near Vesāli. It was the residence of Pāthikaputta. DN.iii.17

near…

…dead. Vin.i.7

In the Vassakāra Sutta of the Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.ii.180 it is mentioned that King Eḷeyya, together with his bodyguard,…

…addresses him as “salt-worker’s boy” (loṇakārakadāraka). AN.ii.182

…Gopaka-Moggallāna Sutta, between Ānanda and Vassakāra. MN.iii.13

…and went into the Paribbājakārāma near by. The Paribbājakas asked him if it was true that the Buddha ridicules all forms of asceticism and…

…in the time of the Buddha. He lived with Annabhāra, Sakuludāyī and others in the Paribbājakārāma, on the banks of the Sappinikā,…

…who is present. Vassakāra asks Ānanda where he lives, and is told, in Veḷuvana. Vassakāra thinks this a good place for the practice of…

…township where lived Ghaṭīkāra, friend of Jotipāla. SN.i.34 SN.i.60

The township was in Kosala, and once, during his long stay in Kosala, the…

…e.g., Pātikārāma, Vālikārāma.

The Buddha generally stayed at the Kūṭāgārasālā during his visits to Vesāli, but it appears that he…

One of the nine aṅgas, into which the Dhamma was organized by way of literary style. It means “Answer” or “Explanation” and refers to discourses elaborated by way of question and answer.

A class of non human beings generally described as non-human. They are mentioned with Devas, Rakkhasas, Dānavas, Gandhabbas, Kinnaras, and Mahoragas (? Nāgas).

Elsewhere AN.ii.38 they rank, in progr …

…the question at the Vālikārāma, Revata acting as questioner and Sabbakāmī answering his questions. At the end of the enquiry the decision…

káros, rossz, hátráltató

szándék, akarat, indíttatás

akarás, óhaj, szándék

élelem

együttérzés, részvét, részvétel

figyelem

ellenérzés, rosszakarat

végsőkig hatoló, átható-, mélyreható tudatműködés

makes a wager; lays a bet.

(or ~ā f.) continuous training

the settling of a case or dispute

1. subject of discussion or attention; case, legal question; dispute (in the saṅgha, to be formally dealt with).
2. cause.

one who causes disputes or lawsuits

(a method) of settling a case or dispute

disputatious.

service, help; act of merit.

(first or best action); a first taste; a sample

1. the (false) conception of one’s individuality; pride, conceit.
2. the theory of self-creation

devoted to the theory of self-creation

certain dangerous contagious disease

the not doing, not making; abstention

1. not to be done or made; not to be dealt with; what is not to be done.
2. (mfn.) with nothing to do

doing what ought not to be done; acting wrongly

doing what ought not to be done; acting wrongly

making whole; complete

making whole; complete

(-ikā)n.

1. who is not an agent; who is not the perpetrator; innocent.
2. who performs no service; of no use

absence of a cause or (a valid) reason; not a cause; not the case

not to be done

ornaments; adorns oneself; puts on; (neg.) finds no satisfaction in.

ornament, decoration; the act of decorating; improvement.

thinking insufficient; not finding satisfaction in

giving sight; awakening

blinding; confusing

1. (m.n.) darkness; blackness.
2. (mfn.) dark, obscuring; obscured.

or masculine dark; or darkness.

(& ~a mfn.?) pitch darkness:

1. (mfn.) various, of various kinds, of many forms.
2. (n.) manifold form; various ways

not limiting, without limitation; without discrimination, without distinction

without having consent

putting an end (to, gen.)

concentrates on; keeps in mind

(~ī)n. causing obstacles; preventing

hinders, prevents (+gen. rei and personae or +acc. personae, loc. rei)

does after; imitates, emulates; equals (gen. of person); follows.

gradual training.

considered action; action undertaken after scrutiny

legal question or case concerning support, or concerning a faction, or a legal question or case arising from censure or criticism

he threw out, cast, scattered.

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

goes round (something or someone) keeping one’s left side towards it or them (a mark of disrespect)

hospitality

action by oneself; a personal service

(the place for) dealing with lawsuits; seat of judgment, courtroom

stuffing the cheeks full; so as to make the cheeks swell.

leftovers or surplus from a meal.

dish for the left overs or surplus

worthy of respectful salutations

proclaims one’s arahatship

(the place for) dealing with lawsuits; seats of judgment, courtroom

one of the parties in a lawsuit

one of the parties in a lawsuit

the “wheel treasure” of the cakkavatti(n)

(~ī)n. producing sight or insight.

leather worker; a shoe maker.

indeclinable making the sound “capucapu”

making a split (in); making defective.

painter; decorator.

painter.

respect; consideration; values.

which adorns or improves (makes fit?)

adornment or improvement (making fit?) and equipping of thinking?

respect; consideration.

time for making or working on robes.

an artisan in ivory; an ivory-worker.

net on a stick; a kind of snare.

water-vessel.

threshing floor.

with the appearance of a crow.

( ~ā, ī)n., n

1. (mfn.) weakening.
2. (n.f.) the weakening (of)

(what is) hard to do; difficult to perform or practice; (it is) hard, a difficult thing.

who does what is hard to do.

, compar. harder to do; more difficult.

doing both (good and bad actions)

doing both (good and bad actions)

of poor appearance; with poor characteristics.

slaves and servants.

made from one tree

answerable; to be answered with certainty, or with an absolute affirmation

integrates; unifies.

delight in solitude

acting this way

acting this way

(the art of) causing or aiding conception.

house-builder, a mason, a carpenter.

inducing respect.

of garukaroti

of garukaroti

honors; venerates; esteems; treats as important.

of garukaroti

of garukaroti honored, venerated, esteemed

of garukaroti

(an act of) respect, veneration.

appropriate for householders.

indeclinable sticking out the tongue.

(of food) solid, material; (food) to be swallowed

(of food) solid, material; (food) to be swallowed

1. sometime or other; once in a while; (in a question) ever.
2. only once in a while, rarely; hardly ever, if at all

(-ikā)n. & m. feminine bringing about contention; quarrelsome; a party to a quarrel

increasing contention, fomenting strife

increasing contention, fomenting strife

acting well; doing what is good

acting well; doing what is good

of excellent speech, having a fine speaking voice

~ī, feminine doing work; a worker; a hired laborer or servant

~ī, feminine working; a servant; a laborer

(one) who or which is competent to enact an official act of the saṅgha

torture, torment, pain; punishment

torture, torment, pain; punishment

making a blemish (on); making blemished

making a blemish (on); making blemished

one who makes something lawful or acceptable (for bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs, or for other ascetics, e.g. by offering to them things without an owner or by using money to provide robes); one who acts …

(usually ~ī)n. & masculine

1. (mfn.) doing, making, producing.
2. (n) the hand; the trunk of an elephant.

ring-pull or wheel (used for drawing water)

body produced by action, the physical body

(a servant or slave) brought home as a captive (in war).

sweet voiced bird, prob. the indian cuckoo bird

sweet voiced bird, prob. the indian cuckoo bird

speaking sweetly as a karavīka bird

speaking sweetly as a karavīka bird

“oleander leaf”, a kind of arrowhead.

handful.

the act of making, doing, effecting; enacting.

to be done or made; to be dealt with; what is to be done, what should be done; business, affair; duty; need

covered box or basket (of bamboo); (according to commentaries) the slough of a snake.

1. a covered box or basket.
2. an enclosure.

the kareri hut, the hut near the kareri trees.

the kareri hall, the hall near the kareri trees.

having done.

having done.

abso. having done.

is done

is done

(~ontī)n.

does, makes; acts; performs; acts for the advantage or injury of another; (esp. absol.) puts, places

1. compassionate; full of wise empathy.
2. stillness, meditation on compassion.

compassion; wise empathy, sympathy (for another being’s sorrows; one of the brahmavihāras)

associated with compassion; accompanied by compassion

feeling compassion.

excrement; feces.

obstructed by excrement

is done

is done

how acting? acting in what way?

how acting? acting in what way?

kaṇikara flower.

the plant Heleborus niger

making a break (in); making defective

making a break (in); making defective

making the noise “khulukhulu)”; so as to make a rattling noise.

committing an offense; doing wrong

committing an offense; doing wrong

,

1. (mfn. and n.) (what is) to be done or made; business, affair; duty, service; purpose, need; something to be done, that must be done; job, task.
2. (n.) see kiccādhikaraṇa

doing what should be done, doing one’s duty; serving a purpose, useful

duty to be performed, business to be done; various duties or affairs

doing what should be done; doing one’s duty; acting rightly.

doing what should be done; doing one’s duty; acting rightly.

legal case or matter to be dealt with involving or connected with a formal act (of the saṅgha)

duty, any duty at all

kiṃ kārapaṭissāvi(n)

mfn. ready for any action required; agreeing to all (requests for) service

kiṃ kārapaṭissāvi(n)

mfn. ready for any action required; agreeing to all (requests for) service

for what reason? why?

for what reason? why?

silkworm.

silk weaver.

potter

potter

potter’s pot

potter’s hearth or kiln

the pot-work, the potter’s work; (Dhaniya’s clay hot, see Vin iii 41)

dies

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of anyone); (the power of) acting as one likes

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of (the power of) fulfilling one’s desires, acting as one likes

acting as one likes, acting willfully

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of anyone); (the power of) acting as one likes

on account of desire, in consequence of desire

(~ī)n. & m. (& n.)

1. (mfn. and m.f.) doing, making; a maker, a worker.
2. (m. and n.) making; acting; act; an act of homage or service (esp. involving a gift).

(one) who breaks out of confinement; a jail-breaker

1. (one) who makes or does or produces; the actor (in an action); the perpetrator (of a crime).
2. (one) who performs a service; a servant; a benefactor.

the saṅgha which performs a formal act; the enacting saṅgha

who does acts of homage or service

causes to do or make, causes to perform or carry out or suffer; has (something) done or made; deals with (with an act of the saṅgha); administers, supervises (the working of); occupies a position (o …

action; proper action; special action, task, feat.

chaff; sweepings.

kāraṇā¹

abl. because of; for the sake of (+gen. or ifc)

kāraṇā²

feminine torture, pain; punishment.

(from kāranā2) a torturer; an executioner.

one who causes; one who causes or instigates to do; one who deals with (with an act of the saṅgha).

one who causes; one who causes or instigates to do; one who deals with (with an act of the saṅgha).

causes to do or make, causes to perform or carry out or suffer; has (something) done or made; deals with (with an act of the saṅgha); administers, supervises (the working of); occupies a position (o …

caused to be made

maker; an artisan.

compassion.

compassion

compassionate; full of compassion.

prison; confinement.

having something made or done; dealing with (with an act of the saṅgha)

cause to make or do; has (something) made or done

cause to make or do; has (something) made or done

caused to be made or done

(according to commentary) a town protected with bastions.

nasal-dropper.

or mfn. of naṅgala (a place) where there has been plowing (?)

legal question or case which has been settled.

of nikaroti

humiliates; deceives; cheats.

without compassion

without motive; disinterested

makes a sign; marks; indicates; distinguishes.

humbleness; obedience; respect.

.

separates oneself from; repudiates; rejects; removes.

of niraṅkaroti repudiated, rejected; removed.

of nisamma acting after careful consideration

of nisamma acting after careful consideration

requiring (formally acquired) supervision, requiring a mentor.

of various kinds.

of various kinds.

difference; distinction; separation.

producing a support, making for protection.

lowers; belittles.

degradation, demeaning.

makes a space; gives way; gives the opportunity (esp. for speech); allows, permits; consents

causes to give an opportunity; obtains consent; gains permission (esp. to speak)

causes to give an opportunity; obtains consent; gains permission (esp. to speak)

one who oppresses (others); a bully (?)

rejected, despised; or rejects, insults.

following advice; obeying instructions

having something (still) to do

takkara¹

mfn (one) who does that, who follows that.

takkara²

masculine (m.) a thief.

tree; pea tree, sesbania sesban.

curtain; a screen.

the other side of a fence or wall; ~am (and ~ā), through a fence; to the other side of a fence; ~e, over the fence; on the other side of the fence.

“a ford maker”, founder of a religious order.

“a covering of grass”, one of the seven adhikaraṇasamatha (method of setting a case or dispute)

the appearance of a star; a star.

uproots; makes with its roots upward

useful object; means, instrument, implement; requisite.

who is a help; helping; useful; beneficial.

subsidiary fortification added to a rampart; a low bastion.

arrow maker, a fletcher

uttari-karaṇīya

neuter something further to be done; a further task

makes clear; explains

makes clear; explains

(~ī)n. producing knowledge or understanding.

who is the first to perform a particular action

1. form, appearance; external characteristic, sign, gesture; expression; deceptive appearance, pretense.
2. mode; sort; aspect; way, manner.
3. cause, reason.
4. dividing up, detailing; definition.

having a form; having a cause; grounded

having a form; having a cause; grounded

light-giving, illuminitating

making it into lumps; tearing of bits.

the feat of immovability (or a trained elephant)

the feat of immovability (or a trained elephant)

legal case or dispute concerning an offense

as a consequence of guarding or holding fast

? obstructs; prohibits

makes manifest; reveals, discloses; displays.

…is explained by ‘means’ kārana it is said: The abhibhāyatana through their counteracting may master and suppress their adverse opposite…

Advertence: Directing of mind to the object: āvajjana is one of the functions of consciousness viññāna-kicca. Cf. manasikāra

[[answering questions]]Answering questions: 4 ways of: see: pañhā-byākarana

Attention: see: manasikāra

Aññā: ‘highest knowledge’, gnosis, refers to the perfect knowledge of the Arahat Saint; see: ariya-puggala. The following passage occurs frequently in the Suttas, when a Bhikkhu indicates his a …

…the foundation or condition kārana of existence bhava, as the sine, qua of life, having the nature of a process, lit. a flux or stream…

Bhāvanā: ‘mental development’ lit. ‘calling into existence, producing’ is what in English is generally but rather vaguely called ‘meditation’. One has to distinguish 2 kinds: development of tranqu …

Brahma-vihāra: the 4 ‘sublime’ or ‘divine abodes’, also called the 4 Infinite states appamaññā are: loving-kindness mettā Pity karunā, altruistic or sympathetic joy muditā equanimity *up …

Cakka: ‘wheel’, is one of the seven ‘precious possessions’ ratana of a righteous World Emperor cakkavatti ‘He who owns the Wheel,’ cf. D. 26, and symbolizes conquering progress and expanding s …

…are found there, the materiality group being absent. Cf. pañca-vokāra-bhava, eka-vokāra-bhava App.: vokāra.

…jīvita directing manasikāra Cf. Tab. II, III.

With regard to kammical intention i.e. advantageous or disadvantageous kamma it is said in A….

Pity: karunā see: brahma-vihāra.

[[counteractive karma]]Counteractive kamma: upapīlaka-kamma see: kamma.

…as they possess only the materiality-group. Cf. catu-vokāra-bhava pañca-vokāra-bhava.

[[five-group existence]]Five-group existence: pañca-vokāra-bhava

[[four-group existence]]Four-group existence: catu-vokāra-bhava

[[habitual karma]]Habitual kamma: bahula-kamma see: kamma.

[[imperturbable karma-formations]]Imperturbable kammic-constructions: āneñjābhisankhāra see: sankhāra

[[ineffective karma]]Ineffective kamma: see: kamma.

…phassa directing manasikāra M. 9; S. XII, 2. For the basic 7 mental phenomena inseparably associated with every state of consciousness, see:…

…world of unconscious beings asaññā - satta only the one materiality group. Cf eka-vokāra-bhava and catu - pañca - vokāra -…

Pañhā-byākarana: ‘answering questions’.;There are, o Bhikkhus, 4 ways of answering questions: there are questions requiring a direct answer; questions requiring an explanation; questions to be an …

…1: material food kabalinkārāhāra, 2: sensorial and mental contact phassa, 3: mental intention mano - sañcetanā, 4: consciousness…

…in Gr. ἐκεϊ, Lat. equidem, enim.

A-⁴

the sound a (a-kāra) Ja.vi.328, Ja.vi.552; Vv-a.279, Vv-a.307, Vv-a.311.

to sprinkle over, to rinse (with water) DN.ii.172 (cakkaratanaṃ; neither with Morris J.P.T.S. 1886, 131 “give up”, nor with trsl. of Ja.ii.311 “roll along”); Ja.v.390; Pv-a.75. Cp. abbhokkirati.

a …

Abbhuta¹

adj. nt. terrifying, astonishing; strange, exceptional puzzling, extraordinary, marvellous, supernormal Described as a term of surprise & consternation (vimhay;’ āvahass’ adhivaca …

1. the foetus in the 1^st & 2^nd months after conception the 2^nd of the five prenatal stages of development, viz kalala, abbuda, pesi, ghana, pasākha Mnd.120; Mil.40 V …

…SN.ii.228 (lābhasakkāra-silokena); AN.i.202 (pāpakehi dhammehi); Ja.i.189; Pv-a.14, Pv-a.41 (= pareta), Pv-a.60 (= upagata),…

strenuousness, exertion, strong endeavour Ja.vi.373 (viriyakaraṇa C.).

abhi + jīhanā of jeh to open ones mouth

1. to take out, throw out MN.i.119 (see abhinīhanati).
2. to direct to, to apply to (orig. to isolate? Is reading correct?) in phrase *ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhin …

…army of k. = samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ nippothanī antarāyakārī Snp-a.390).

abhi + paharaṇa

…to show reverence, to honour Vv.37#7 (aor. ˚ropayi = ropesi Vv-a.169), Vv.37#10 (id.; = pūjaṃ kāresi Vv-a.172), Vv.60#4 (= pūjesi…

adjective of perfect form, (very), handsome, beautiful, lovely Snp.410 (= dassaniya’ angapaccanga Snp-a.383); Ja.i.207; Pp.52; DN-a.i.281 (aññehi manussehi adhikarūpa); Vv-a.53; Pv-a.61 (abhikkant …

to make haste Dhp.116 (= turitaturitaṃ sīghasīghaṃ karoti Dhp-a.iii.4).

abhi + tarati², evidently wrong for abhittarati

…aor. = abhivādanaṃ kāresiṃ vandiṃ Vv-a.24) Mil.162. Often in combination with padakkhiṇaṃ karoti in sense of to bid goodbye,…

…offender), MN.i.446 (˚kāraṇa continuous practice); Snp.335 (˚saṃvāsa continuous living together); Ja.i.190; Pp.32; Dhp-a.ii.239;…

1. to sit, to sit still Vin.i.289; AN.ii.15; Iti.120 (in set carati tiṭṭhati a. sayati, where otherwise nisinna stands for acchati) Vv.74#1 (= nisīdati Vv-a.298); Pv-a.4.
2. to stay remain, to lea …

adjective out of time, viz.

1. irregular, extraordinary Ja.vi.549, Ja.vi.553.
2. urgent, pressing MN.i.149 (karaṇiyan business), MN.ii.112; Ja.i.338; Ja.v.17 ˚ṃ (nt.) hurry Dhp-a.i.18. See also acce …

adjective not well thought of Mil.229.

a + citta² + kata; cp. cittikāra

…MN.i.86 = Cnd.199#6 (upakāriyo) See also addha².

The reading allāvalepana occurs at Cnd.40 (= SN.iv.187), and is perhaps to be…

…to“ i.e. commissioned; ˚kāra commission; ˚gacchati “to go on to & reach it” = obtain; ˚gama attainment; ˚gaṇhāti to overtake =…

…ahetunā, at Ja.vi.316 by akāraṇena -samuppanna arisen without a cause, spontaneous unconditioned DN.i.28 = Ud.69; DN.iii.33, DN.iii.138;…

…Vin.ii.261.

• -kāraka one who causes dispute discussions or dissent Vin.iv.230 (f. ˚ikā); AN.iii.252. *…

one who has to do with the settling of disputes or questions, a judge AN.v.164, AN.v.167.

fr. adhikaraṇa

smith’s anvil Ja.iii.285; Dāvs iii.16 sq.; Dhs-a.263.

to adhikaraṇa 1, orig. meaning “serving, that which serves, i.e. instrument”

…cp. Pv.ii.9#27); Dhp-a.ii.41.

cp. Sk. adhikāra

adjective (-˚) serving as, referring to Vin.iii.274 (Bdhgh).

to adhikāra

…uppatitvā khādanti taṃkāraṇā a. vuccanti“; Ud.72 (expl^d. by C. as salabhā).

from adhipatati = Sk. atipatati, to fly past,…

(or ādu) indeclinable part. of affirmation: even, yea, nay; always in emphatic exclamations Vv.62#2 (= udāhu Vv-a.258 variant reading SS. ādu) = Pv.iv.3#17 (ādu) = Dhp-a.i.31 (T. ād …

…attendant DN.ii.6.

• -kārikā first taste, sample Vin.iii.80
• -kulika of an esteemed clan…

…= Ja.iv.476.

• -kāraka a valuator Ja.i.124.
• -pada valuableness Ja.v.473 (˚lakkhaṇaṃ nāma…

…the primary meaning is darkness, as seen from the phrase lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā DN.ii.12; SN.v.454, and BSk….

sort of wild animal Ja.vi.247 (= aghāvaha miga), Ja.vi.507 (= aghakara). Cp. BSk. agharika Divy.475.

to agha¹?

…-kāra selfishness, egotism, arrogance (see also mamaṃkāra) MN.iii.18, MN.iii.32; SN.ii.253;…

large snake (rock-snake?), Boa Constrictor Ja.vi.507; Mil.23, Mil.303, Mil.364, Mil.406; Dhp-a.iii.60. Also as ajakara at Ja.iii.484 (cp. Trenckner, Notes p. 64).

aja + gara = …

Name of a tree Pentaptera Tomentosa Ja.vi.535 (nn).

*Sk. arjakarṇa

…(of medicine) Mil.151.

a + kicca + kāra

Akkha¹

the axle of a wheel DN.ii.96; SN.v.6; AN.i.112; Ja.i.109, Ja.i.192; Ja.v.155 (akkhassa phalakaṃ yathā; C.: suvaṇṇaphalakaṃ viya, i.e. shiny, like the polished surface of an axle …

doing up, fitting out, ornamentation Ja.i.60.

alaṃ + karaṇa, fr. alankaroti

adjective adorning, embellishing, decorating Dhp-a.i.410.

fr. alankaraṇa

…Dhp-a.i.410; Pv-a.74
pp alaṅkata
caus alaṅkārāpeti to cause to be adorned Ja.i.52.

alaṃ + karoti,…

1. “made too much”, made much of, done up, adorned, fitted out Dhp.142 (= vatthâbharaṇa-paṭimaṇḍita Dhp-a.iii.83); Pv.ii.3#6; Vv.1#1; Ja.iii.392; Ja.iv.60.
2. “done enough” (see *[alaṃ](/define/alaṃ …

“getting up” i.e. fitting out, ornament, decoration; esp. trinkets, ornaments DN.iii.190; AN.iii.239; AN.iii.263 sq.; Ja.vi.368; Pv-a.23 Pv-a.46, Pv-a.70 (-˚ adj. adorned with), Pv-a.74; Sdhp.249 …

1. friend, companion, fellow-worker, helper, esp one who gives his advice, a bosom-friend Iti.73; Ja.vi.512 (sahajātā amaccā); Pv.ii.6#20 (a ˚-paricārikā well-advising friends as company or around …

…C.); Pv.iv.1#34 (= mamaṃkāravirahita Pv-a.230); Mhvs.1, Mhvs.66, comb^d. with nirāsa (free from longing), at…

…DN.i.88 (= anūna paripūra-kārin DN-a.i.248); AN.iii.152 (= samatta paripuṇṇa AA quoted by Tr. on Mil.10).

derivation doubtful. See…

…+ gambhīra).

• -kāra blindness (lit. fig), darkness, dullness, bewilderment Vin.i.16; DN.ii.12; AN.i.56; AN.ii.54;…

adjective see nirankaroti.

a + nirākata

houselessness, a houseless state, fig freedom from worldliness or attachment to life, singleness SN.v.24 = AN.v.232 = Dhp.87 (okā anokaṃ āgamma). adj. homeless, free from attachment SN.i.176; Dhp.87 ( …

Anta¹

1. end, finish, goal SN.iv.368 (of Nibbāna); Snp.467; Ja.ii.159. antaṃ karoti to make an end (of) Snp.283, Snp.512; Dhp.275, cp. antakara, ˚kiriyā
   ■ loc. ante at the end of, …

…kappa (q.v.) DN.i.54.

• -kāraṇa a cause of impediment, hindrance, obstacle Pp-a.231
• -cakka “the…

Antarāya¹

obstacle, hindrance, impediment to (-˚); prevention, bar danger, accident to (-). There are 10 dangers (to or from) enumerated at Vin.i.112, Vin.i.169 etc., viz. *rāja˚, cora˚ …

1. in comp^n. with dhamma as dhammānudhamma to be judged as a redupl. cpd after the manner of compounds mentioned under anu iv. meaning “the Law in all its parts, …

…Pv.i.3#3 (= kārunika Pv-a.16), Pv.i.5#3 (atthakāma, hitesin Pv-a.25), Pv.i.8#8; Pv.ii.1#4 (= anuggaṇhataka Pv-a.69),…

to have pity on, to commiserate, to pity, to sympathise with (c. acc.) SN.i.82, SN.i.206 SN.v.189. Imper. anukampa Pv.ii.1#6 (= anuddayaṃ karohi Pv-a.70) & anukampassu Pv.iii.2#8 (= anuggaṇha Pv\ …

to imitate, “to do after” AN.i.212; Ja.i.491; Ja.ii.162; Dhp-a.iv.197
ppr anukabbaṃ Vin.ii.201 (mamâ˚)
■ Med. anukubbati SN.i.19 = Ja.iv.65. See also anukubba. On *[anva …

1. [Sk. anukaṛṣati] to draw after, to repeat, recite, quote DN.ii.255 (silokaṃ).
2. [Sk. ava- kaṛṣati] to draw or take of, to remove, throw down, Thag.869 (aor. anvakāsi = khi …

adjective (-˚) “doing correspondingly” giving back, retaliating Ja.ii.205 (kicca˚)

= Sk. anukurvat, ppr. of anukaroti

see anukaroti.

imitation Dpvs.v.39.

cp. anukaroti

adjective imitating Dāvs v.32.

“according to taste”, i.e. satisfaction, thanks, esp. after a meal or after receiving gifts = to say grace or benediction, blessing, thanksgiving. In latter sense with dadāti (give thanks for = loca …

…& anupubbi˚ (q.v.)

• -kāraṇa gradual performance, graded practice MN.i.446
• -nirodha…

disputing, quarrelling(?) Vin.ii.88 (under anuvādâdhikaraṇa).

anu + saṃ + pavankatā; is reading correct?

(-˚) adjective following, striving after, acting in accordance with, living up to or after Freq. in formula dhammānusārin saddhānusārin living in conformity with the Norm & the Faith DN.iii.254; MN …

…Ja.iii.426; Pp.49.

• -kāra a thorough investigation, examination, test Vin.i.236 (here spelt anuvijja) = MN.i.379 (=…

1. blaming, censure, admonition Vin.ii.5 Vin.ii.32; AN.ii.121 (atta˚, para˚); Vb.376.
2. in comb^n. vādānuvāda: talk and lesser or additional talk, i.e. “small talk” (see *[anu](/define/an …

1. to practice, give oneself up to (acc.), attend, pursue SN.i.25, SN.i.122 (˚yuñjan “in loving self-devotion” mrs. rh. D.); SN.iii.154; SN.iv.104, SN.iv.175; Dhp.26 (pamādaṃ = *[pavatteti](/define/p …

“the not getting up”, inactivity, want of energy Dhp.241 (sarīra-paṭijagganaṃ akaronto Dhp-a.iii.347).

an + uṭṭhāna

honour, respect, esteem, reverence Thag.589; Ja.i.220 Ja.ii.435; Ja.iii.82; Ja.iv.308; Ja.vi.88; Mil.180, Mil.234 (˚ṃ karoti), Mil.377 (pūjana +); Snp-a.332 (˚karaṇa). Cp. apacāyana.

Vedic apaciti …

honouring, honour, worship, reverence Ja.i.220; Ja.v.326; DN-a.i.256 (˚kamma); Vv-a.24 (˚ṃ karoti = añjalikaṃ karoti); Pv-a.104 (˚kara, adj.), Pv-a.128 (+ paricariya).

abstr. fr. apa + cāy, w …

adjective honouring, paying homage, revering Snp.325 (vaddha˚ = vaddhānaṃ apaciti karaṇena Snp-a.332) = Dhp.109; Ja.i.47, Ja.i.132, Ja.i.201 Ja.ii.299; Ja.v.325; Mil.206; Sdhp.549.

fr. *apacāya; cp …

…at Thig.447 (q.v.)
pp apakata (q.v.). Cp. apakāra.

apa + karoti, cp. Sk. apakaroti & apakṛta in same meaning

to throw away, remove Snp.281 (variant reading BB & Snp-a ava˚; expl^d. by niddhamati & nikkaḍḍhati Snp-a.311)
ger apakassa Sn.ii.198 = Mil.389. See also *[apakāsat …

put off, done away, in ājīvik āpakata being without a living MN.i.463 (the usual phrase being ˚apagata); Mil.279 (id.). At Iti.89 the reading of same phrase is ājīvikā pakatā (variant reading ā˚ vak …

to draw away, take off, remove DN.i.180; DN.iii.127; Dhp-a.ii.86. Caus. apakaḍḍhāpeti Ja.i.342; Ja.iv.415; Mil.34
■ Cp apakassati; & see pakattheti …

Apakāra & ˚ka

injury, mischief; one who injures or offends Dhp-a.iii.63; Sdhp.283.

cf. Sk. apakāra & apakaroti

Apakāra & ˚ka

injury, mischief; one who injures or offends Dhp-a.iii.63; Sdhp.283.

cf. Sk. apakāra & apakaroti

adjective right (i.e. not left), contrary Ud.50 (T. has niṭṭhubhitvā abyāmato karitvā; vv ll. are apabhyāmāto, abhyāmato & C. apasabyāmato) where C. explains apasabyāmato karitvā by apasabyaṃ katvā “w …

disrespect, neglect, in phrase apayvāmato (apaby˚) karoti to treat disrespectfully, to insult, defile SN.i.226 (variant reading abyāmato; C. explains apabyāmato karitvā abyāmato …

(apānga) the outer corner of the eye Ja.iii.419 (asitâpangin black-eyed); Ja.iv.219 (bahi˚). Spelt avaṅga at Vin.ii.267, where the phrase avangaṃ karoti i.e. expl^d. by …

Apekkhā & Apekhā

feminine attention, regard, affection for (loc.); desire longing for (c. loc.) SN.i.77; SN.iii.132; SN.v.409 (mātā-pitusu) Vin.iv.214; Snp.38 (= vuccati taṇhā etc. Cnd.65; = taṇhā s …

Apekkhā & Apekhā

feminine attention, regard, affection for (loc.); desire longing for (c. loc.) SN.i.77; SN.iii.132; SN.v.409 (mātā-pitusu) Vin.iv.214; Snp.38 (= vuccati taṇhā etc. Cnd.65; = taṇhā s …

…at Vv-a.279 by; a-kāro nipātamattaṃ, pilandhanaṃ = ābhāraṇaṃ); Ja.vi.472 (c. pilandhituṃ pi ayuttaṃ?). Apilahati &…

…not of natural form, of bad appearance, ugly, deformed Ja.v.69 (= sarīrappakāra-rahita dussaṇṭhāna C.). Cp. apākatika.

a + pakāra

boundlessness, infinitude, as psych. t. t. appl^d. in later books to the four varieties of philanthropy, viz mettā karuṃā muditā upekkhā i.e. love, pity, sympathy desinterestedness, and as …

thoughtfulness, carefulness, conscientiousness, watchfulness, vigilance, earnestness, zeal DN.i.13 (: a. vuccati satiyā avippavāso DN-a.i.104); DN.iii.30 DN.iii.104 sq., DN.iii.112, DN.iii.244, DN.ii …

adjective not answering back, bewildered, cowed down Vin.iii.162; AN.iii.57; -ṃ karoti to intimidate, bewilder Ja.v.238, Ja.v.369.

a + paṭibhāṇa

…(spelling here & in C. appati˚).

a + paṭikārika

adjective not in proper or natural shape, out of order, disturbed Dhp-a.ii.7. Cp. appakāra.

a + pākata + ika

adjective noun Before Buddhism used as honorific title of high officials like the English ʻHis Worship’; at the rise of Buddhism applied popularly to all ascetics (Dial. iii.3–⁠6). Adopted by the Bu …

Arahatta¹

neuter the state or condition of an Arahant, i.e. perfection in the Buddhist sense = Nibbāna (SN.iv.151) final & absolute emancipation Arahantship, the attainment of the last & h …

…as asabbhi˚; e.g.

• -kāraṇa a low or sinful act Mil.280.
• -rūpa low, common Ja.vi.386 (=…

…as asabbhi˚; e.g.

• -kāraṇa a low or sinful act Mil.280.
• -rūpa low, common Ja.vi.386 (=…

…(?) SN.ii.229 (= lābha-sakkāra-silokassa adhivacana); DN.iii.44, DN.iii.47. Asantasam & anto;

Vedic aśani in same meaning; with Sk. aśri…

adjective not being a drunkard, abstaining from drink Ja.v.116
■ f. asoṇḍī AN.iii.38.

a + soṇḍa

1. to breathe, to breathe out, to exhale Ja.i.163; Ja.vi.305 (gloss assāsento passāsento susu ti saddaṃ karonto); Vism.272. Usually in comb^n. with passasati to inhale …

to taste SN.ii.227 (lābha-sakkārasilokaṃ); Vism.73 (paviveka-sukha-rasaṃ); Dhp-a.i.318.

Denom. fr. assāda

adjective impure, unpleasant, bad, ugly, nasty; nt. ˚ṃ nastiness, impurity. Cp. on term and the Asubha-meditation, as well as on the 10 asubhas or offensive objects Dhs. trsl. 70 and Cpd. 121 n. …

adjective very pitiful, extremely miserable Ja.i.202; Ja.iv.142; Ja.vi.53.

ati + karuṇa

…of iva) = ativiya Ja.i.61, Ja.i.263; Dhp-a.ii.71 (a. upakāra of great service); Pv-a.22, Pv-a.56, Pv-a.139.

Sk. atīva

…-kāra individual self, fixed individuality oneself (cp. ahaṃkāra) DN.i.53 (opp. para˚); AN.iii.337 (id.)…

…Ja.i.411 (atthaṃ vā kāraṇaṃ vā reason and cause); Dhp-a.ii.95 (+ kāraṇa(Pv-a.11 (ayaṃ h’ ettha attho this is the reason…

…in need of food); Pv.iv.1#1 (kāraṇ˚), Pv.iv.1#21 (khiḍḍ˚ for play), Pv.iv.1#63 (puññ˚); Pv-a.95 (sasena a. wanting a rabbit),…

…okappanā, okassati, okāra, okantati, okkamati ogacchati, odāta* and others may be used as examples The difference in many cases has given…

to come to, approach, visit (cp. Vedic avagacchati) Pv-a.87. Avaganda (-karaka)

ava + gacchati

Avagaṇḍa (-kāraka)

adjective “making a swelling”, i.e. puffing out the cheeks, stuffing the cheeks full (when eating); only nt. -ṃ as…

Avagaṇḍa (-kāraka)

adjective “making a swelling”, i.e. puffing out the cheeks, stuffing the cheeks full (when eating); only nt. -ṃ as…

…throw away; only in der, avakāra & avakārin.; pp. avakata (q.v.)
■ See also avākaroti & cp. avakirati 2.

Sk….

Avakassati & okassati

to drag down, to draw or pull away, distract, remove
■ AN.v.74 = Vin.ii.204 (+ vavakassati).

cp. Sk. avakarṣati, ava + kṛṣ; see also apakassati & avakaḍḍhati

dragging down, detraction, abasement, in cpd. ukkaṃsāvak˚; lifting up & pulling down, raising and lowering rise & fall DN.i.54.

fr. ava-karṣati; on ṃs: *rṣ cp. haṃsati: harṣati

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor. avākiri Vv.30#5 = Vv.48#5 (variant reading ˚kari; Vv-a …

throwing away, refuse, sweepings; only in cpd. -pātī a bowl for refuse, slop basin, ash-bin Vin.i.157, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.216; MN.i.207; Dhp-a.i.305.

Sk. avaskara faeces, fr. avaṃ + karoti

adverb throwing away, scattering about Vin.ii.214.

fr. avakāra

adjective (-˚) despising, degrading, neglecting Vb.393 sq. (an˚). Avakasa & okasa;

fr. avakāra

…Snp.1030; anavakāsakārin not giving occasion Mil.383
■ anavakāsa not having a chance or opportunity (to happen), impossible;…

…+); Dhp-a.iv.153 (gloss adhosira)
■ On avaṃ˚ cp further avakkāra, avākaroti, avekkhipati.

Vedic avāk & avāṃ

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

1. to revoke, undo, rescind, not fulfill, spoil, destroy Ja.iii.339 (avākayirā = avakareyya chindeyya C.); Ja.v.495, Ja.v.500; Ja.vi.280.
2. to give back, restore Ja.vi.577 (= deti C.).

either ava + …

…reading ayo˚).

• -kāra a worker in iron Mil.331.
• -kūṭa = ayo˚ Ja.i.108; Dhp-a.ii.69…

…reading ayo˚).

• -kāra a worker in iron Mil.331.
• -kūṭa = ayo˚ Ja.i.108; Dhp-a.ii.69…

…on a lathe DN.ii.291 (bhamakāro dīghaṃ a., where K has note: añjanto ti pi acchanto ti pi pātho) = MN.i.56 (vv.ll. MN.i.532 acch˚ &…

extending, stretching forth, gesture of lifting up the hands as a token of reverence (cp. E. to “tender” one’s respect), putting the ten fingers together and raising them to the head (Vv-a.7: dasanak …

pronoun another etc

A. By itself

1. other not the same, different, another, somebody else (opp oneself) Vin.iii.144 (aññena, scil. maggena, gacchati to take a different route); Snp.459, Sn …

adverb elsewhere, somewhere else Ja.v.252; Pv.iv.1#62. In comp^n. also añña˚, e.g. aññatra-yoga (adj.) following another discipline DN.i.187; MN.i.487
■ As prep. c. abl. (and instr.) but …

knowledge, recognition, perfect knowledge, philosophic insight, knowledge par excellence, viz. Arahantship, saving knowledge gnosis (cp. on term Compend. 176 n. 3 and Psalms of Brethren introd. xx …

Aḍḍha¹

(& addha) one half, half; usually in comp^n. (see below), like diyaḍḍha 1 1/2 (˚sata 150) Pv-a.155 (see as to meaning Stede, Peta Vatthu p. 107). Note. aḍḍha is nev …

Aṃsa¹

1. the shoulder AN.v.110; Snp.609. aṃse karoti to put on the shoulder, to shoulder Ja.i.9.
2. a part (lit. side) (cp. ˚āsa in koṭṭhāsa and explⁿ of …

…4; DN-a.i.281 explains tena kāra ṇena). In a special sense striking (abnormal) sign or mark on the body DN.i.9, from which a prophesy is made (:…

1. a finger or toe MN.i.395 (vank’ angulaṇ karoti to bend the fingers, variant reading anguliṇ); AN.iii.6 (id.); Ja.v.70 (goṇ adj. with ox toes, expl^d. by C. as with toes like an ox’s tail; …

charcoal, burning coal, embers AN.iii.97, AN.iii.380, AN.iii.407; Ja.i.73; Ja.iii.54, Ja.iii.55; Ja.v.488; Snp.668; Sdhp.32. kul˚; the charcoal of the family, a squanderer SN.iv.324 (see under *[kul …

charcoal-burner Ja.vi.206 (= angāra-kammakara Ja.vi.209).

Aṅka¹

= anga, sign, mark, brand Mil.79; -karana branding Ja.iv.366, Ja.iv.375. See also anketi.

Aṅka²

1. a hook Ja.v.322 Ja.vi.218 (variant reading BB anga)
2. the lap (i.e. …

Aṭṭha¹

num. card, eight, decl. like pl. of adj. in-a A. The number in objective significance, based on natural phenomena: see compounds ˚angula, ˚nakha, ˚pada, ˚pāda B. The number in …

Aṭṭhi˚¹

in comb^n. with katvā: to make something one’s attha, i.e. object, to find out the essence or profitableness or value of anything to recognise the natu …

imitation of a confused rumbling noise MN.i.128
■ Cp. also P. mammana and sarasara.

onomat., cp. Sk. balbalā-karoti to stammer or stutter, barbara = Gr. βάρβαρος stuttering, …

…AN.iii.116; DN-a.i.237. -kāra (a) favour Dāvs iv.39 (b) doing much, of great service very helpful MN.i.43, MN.i.170;…

…(hoti he becomes many), SN.v.288; MN.i.34; Snp.966; Pv.iv.1#52 (= bahūhi pakārehi Pv-a.241) Mhvs.31, Mhvs.73; Dāvs v.68.

fr. bahu, cp….

adjective much, abundant, nt. abundance (˚-); full of, rich in, fig. given to, intent on, devoted to DN.ii.73; SN.i.199, SN.i.202; AN.iii.86 (pariyatti˚), AN.iii.432 (āloka˚); AN.iv.35; Iti.27, Iti.3 …

…(sevati +) Vb-a.291; -kāra zealous exercise, practice MN.iii.25 sq (tab-bahulī˚ to this end).

rare in Epic Sanskrit; when found, diff….

…Mhvs.25, Mhvs.29.

• -(k)kāra application of force, violence Ja.i.476; Ja.ii.421; Ja.iii.447 instr. ˚ena by force Pv-a.68, Pv-a.113. *…

…reading valli˚).

• -kāraka offering oblations Ja.i.384.
• -ṅkatā one who offers (the five oblations AN.ii.68. *…

adjective

1. the plant Pentapetes phoenicea Ja.iv.279 (˚puppha, evidently only a contraction of bandhu-jīvaka, cp. C. bandhujīvaka puppha; although Sk. bandhūka is given as syn. of bandhujīva at Hal …

…bhusa = Sk buśa
■ bha-kāra the sound (or ending) -bha, which at Vin.iv.7 is given as implying contempt or abuse among other low terms…

luck, lot, fortune, only in cpd. dub˚; (adj.) unhappy, unpleasant uncomfortable Iti.90; DN-a.i.96 (˚karaṇa)
■ bhaga (in verse “bhagehi ca vibhattavā” in exegesis of word “Bhaga …

…at the one passage where it occurs, which happens to be in the Kumbhakāra-jātaka, v. 6, 7. i.e. the “Jātaka of the potter”

…passage is alluded to at Vv-a.231 by remark “bhāgyavantat’ ādīhi catūhi kāraṇehi Bhagavā.”

fr. bhagga², cp. Sk. & P….

to associate with (acc.), keep companionship with, follow, resort to; to be attached to (acc.), to love. Freq. syn. of sevati. The Dhtp & Dhtm mark the fig. meaning (bhaj^{2</su …}

superciliousness Snp.485. Ja.iii.99; Vism.26 (˚karaṇa); Snp-a.412. Der. bhākuṭika (q.v.). See also bhūkuṭi.

cp. Epic Sk. bhrakuṭi from older bhṛkuti, bhru …

…matthake); Ja.iv.6 (kumbha-kāra-cakkaṃ iva bh.); Ja.v.478
pp bhanta
caus bhameti to make whirl Vism.142…

…or yāna) Dhp.222 (ratha = ativegena dhāvanta Dhp-a.iii.301); (yāna = adanta akārita aviṇīta Mnd.145) Dhs-a.260 (˚yāna). Cp. vi˚.

pp. of…

ashes SN.i.169 = Cnd.576 (loc bhasmani); Vv.84#44; Ja.iii.426; Vism.469 (in comparison).

• -antāhuti (bhasm’ ant’ āhuti) “whose sacrifice ends in ashes” DN.i.55 (so read for bhassant˚, according t …

ashes SN.i.169 = Cnd.576 (loc bhasmani); Vv.84#44; Ja.iii.426; Vism.469 (in comparison).

• -antāhuti (bhasm’ ant’ āhuti) “whose sacrifice ends in ashes” DN.i.55 (so read for bhassant˚, according t …

…-kāraka one who makes talk, i.e. invites disputation or one who gossips Vin.i.1; Mnd.142; f.

• -kārikā…

…Dhp-a.i.244.

• -kāraka one who prepares the meal or food, a cook, butler Ja.i.150 sq.; Ja.v.296; Ja.vi.349;…

adjective possessing reverence or worship(pers), worshipful, adored; in a (late) verse analysing fancifully the word “Bhagavant, at DN-a.i.34 = Vism.210 sq. Explained at Vism.212 by “bhaji-sevi-bah …

to become, to be, exist, behave etc. (cp. Cnd.474 sambhavati jāyati nibbattati pātu-bhavati)

I. Forms

There are two bases used side by side, viz bhav˚; and (contracted) ho˚; the latte …

collection of goods, heap, bundle; bhaṇḍikaṃ karoti to make into a heap Ja.iii.221, Ja.iii.437; or bhaṇḍikaṃ bandhati to tie into a bundle Dhp-a.ii.254; Vv-a.187. sahassa˚; a heap of 1,000 kah …

1. breaking, rending, breach, disunion, dissension Vism.64 sq. (contrasted with ānisaṃsa), Vism.572 sq (with ref. to upādāna & bhava); Vb-a.185 (id.); Sdhp.66, Sdhp.457, Sdhp.463
   ■ mithu˚; bre …

remedy, medicament, medicine Vin.i.278; DN.ii.266; MN.i.30; Snp-a.154, Snp-a.446; Sdhp.393-bhesajjaṃ karoti to treat with a medicine Dhp-a.i.25 mūla-bhesajjāni the principal medicines Mil.43; pañ …

…(kaṇṇā bhijjan’ ākāra-pattā); Thag-a.43 (bhijjana-sabhāva of perishable nature; explⁿ of bhidura Thig.35); Pv-a.41…

frightful thing, terror, terrifying omen Mhvs.12, Mhvs.12 (vividhā bhiṃsikā kari he brought divers terrors to pass).

fr. bhiṃsa

…(?) Bv.i.35 (+ sādhu kāra).

?

Bhiṅkāra³

a bird: Lanius caerulescens Ja.v.416.

cp. Sk. bhṛnga bee, bhṛngaka &…

one making a barking sound, barker, i.e. dog Ja.vi.345 (= bhunkaraṇa C.).

intens-redupl. of bhukk = bukk, to bark: see bhukka & cp. Sk. bukkati, bukkana

1. (n. m.) a freed slave freeman; a servant as distinguished from a slave Vin.i.93; Ja.ii.313; Pv-a.112
   ■ bhujissaṃ karoti to grant freedom to a slave Ja.v.313; Ja.vi.389, Ja.vi.546; Dhp-a.i. …

adjective barking, n a barker, i.e. dog; only in redupl. intens. formation bho-bhu-kka (cp. E. bow-wow), lit. bhu-bhu-maker (: kka fr. kṛ;?) Ja.vi.354 (C.: bhun-karaṇa). See also *[bhussati] …

to make strong, to cause to grow (?) Ja.v.218 (C. explains by “bhusaṃ karoti, vaḍḍheti” p. 224).

Denom. fr. bhusa² = *bhṛśayati; but not certain, may have to be read bhūseti, to endeavour …

…Dhp-a.i.346.

fr….

adjective noun making “bhu,” i.e. bow-wow, barking Ja.vi.355 (˚sunakha) variant reading bhu-bhukka-sadda-karaṇa.

bhu + kṛ; see bhukka

to divide, distribute deal out Vin.iv.223 (ppr. bhājiyamāna); Ja.i.265; Dhs-a.4 (fut. bhājessati) grd. bhājetabba Vin.i.285
pp bhājita.

Caus. of bhajat …

adjective knitting the eyebrows, frowning, only in redupl. cpd. bhākuṭika- bhākuṭiko frowning continually, supercilious Vin.ii.11 = Vin.iii.181 (manda-mando +); Cnd.342 (korajika-korajiko +) Vi …

1. being, becoming, condition, nature; very rarely by itself (only in later & C. literature, as e.g. Ja.i.295 thīnaṃ bhāvo, perhaps best to be translated as “women’s character,” taking bhāva = attabhā …

producing, dwelling on something, putting one’s thoughts to, application, developing by means of thought or meditation, cultivation by mind, culture
■ See on term Dhs translation 261 (= ² …

to beget, produce, increase, cultivate, develop (by means of thought meditation), The Buddhist equivalent for mind-work as creative in idea, MN.i.293; cp. B.Psy p. 132
■ DN.ii.79; MN.ii.11 (cattā …

Bhūri¹

feminine the earth; given as name for the earth (paṭhavi) at Pts.ii.197; see also def. at Dhs-a.147. Besides these only in 2 doubtful compounds, both resting on demonology, viz. *b …

…adorn“ etc. Explained at Dhtp. 315, 623 by “alaṅkāra“

…-vikāra a natural blemish fault of growth, deformity Snp-a.189 (opp. nibbikāra) -vijjā…

…addition of sīlesu paripūrikāritā indriyesu gutta-dvāratā, bhojane mattaññutā jāgariy’ ânuyoga, sati-sampajaññaṃ (see e.g. Mnd.14…

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brāhmaṇa¹

a member of the Brahman caste; a Br teacher. In the Buddhist terminology also used for a man leading a pure, sinless & ascetic life, often even syn. with arahant
■ On brāhmaṇas …

…Buddhahood Ja.i.20. -kāraka = ˚kara Mhbv.9. -kāla the time of a B. Vism.91 (Buddhakālo viya…

to be awake, to be enlightened in (acc.), to perceive, to know, recognise, understand DN.ii.249; SN.i.74, SN.i.198; Dhp.136, Dhp.286; Thag.146; Ja.iii.331; Ja.iv.49 Ja.iv.425; Mil.165, Mil.348 (pot. b …

1. the array or arrangement of troops in particular positions, order of parade or battle DN-a.i.85. Three formations of troops are mentioned at Ja.ii.404 & Ja.ii.406, viz. paduma-vyūha (lotus format …

adjective

1. external, outside (opp. abbhantara inside) outer, foreign DN.ii.75; AN.iv.16; Dhp.394 (fig. in meaning of 2); Ja.i.125 (antara˚ inside & outside); Ja.i.337 (out o …

1. to let loose, to emit, to discharge AN.ii.33; Ja.ii.342 (mutta karīsaṃ) fig. to utter (a speech) Ja.v.362.
2. to abandon to give up, sacrifice (with loc. of person to whom Asuresu pāṇaṃ SN.i.224 = …

…Vism.126: -˚rajjaṃ kāresi Ja.ii.311; -viddha (nt.) a particular form of shooting Ja.v.130;…

the eye (nom. sg. cakkhuṃ) Vin.i.34; SN.i.115; MN.iii.134 etc.)

I. The eye as organ of sense

1. psychologically cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā “seeing visible object (shape with the eye” (Nd ii.on …

…(= rathakāra); Also as -kārin Pv-a.175 (= rathakārin);

• -khaṇḍa an animal’s skin, used as…

(or capucapu) a sound made when smacking one’s lips Vin.ii.214 (capucapukāraka adj.), Vin.ii.221; Vin.iv.197.

…catussälaṃ kāretvā Vv-a.220; Dhp-a.iii.291; -’ha (catuha & catūha), 4 days catuhena within 4 days SN.ii.191;…

…nesādā veṇā rathakārā pukkusā at AN.i.107 = AN.ii.85 = Pp.51 As caṇḍāla-pukkusā with the four recognized grades of society…

…usually with sādhukāra Ja.i.54; Ja.ii.253; Ja.iii.285; Ja.v.67; Dhp-a.ii.43; Snp-a.ii.225; Vv-a.132, Vv-a.140; *…

…c. citta phassa manasikāra in def. of nāmakāya (opp. rūpakāya) SN.ii.3 (without citta), Pts.i.183 (do.); Ne.77, Ne.78
■ enumerated…

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

to spit out, to vomit, throw away; abandon, leave reject Vin.214 sq.; Vin.iv.265; MN.i.207; SN.i.169 (chaṭṭehi wrongly for chaḍḍehi) = Snp.p.15; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.254, Ja.i.265, Ja.i.292 Ja.v.427; Pp.33; …

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

cutting, destruction, loss Snp.367 (˚bandhana); Ja.i.419; Ja.i.485; sīsa˚; decapitation Dhp-a.ii.204; Pv-a.5; aṇḍa˚; castration Ja.iv.364; - bhatta ˚ṃ karoti to put on short …

…Dhp-a.iii.151

• -kārin inconsistent AN.ii.187;
• -vichidda = ˚âvachidda Ja.i.419; Ja.v.163 (sarīraṃ…

to cut off, to destroy, to remove, both lit. (bandhanaṃ, pāsaṃ, pasibbakaṃ, jīvaṃ, gīvaṃ, sīsaṃ hatthapāde, etc.) and fig. (taṇhaṃ, mohaṃ, āsavā saṃyojanāni, vicikicchaṃ, vanathaṃ, etc.) Freq. in …

to be long, to tarry, to delay, Dhp-a.i.16; Vv-a.64, Vv-a.208; cp. ciraṃ karoti id. Ja.ii.443.

Sk. cirayati, v. denom. fr. cira

…a painter Ja.vi.481; -kāra a painter, a decorator (cp. rajaka) SN.ii.101 = SN.iii.152; Thig.256; Ja.vi.333…

“giving thought or heart” only in combination with kar: cittikaroti to honour, to esteem. cittikatvā. MN.iii.24 AN.iii.172 Pv.ii.9#55 (cittiṁ k. = pūjetvā Pv-a.135); Dīpavaṁsa.i.2
■ acittikatvā …

respect, consideration Vv-a.178 (garu˚), Vv-a.242; Pv-a.26; Vb.371 (a˚); Vism.123 (cittī˚), Vism.188.

see citti

…comparison), Vism.569 (andhakāre corassa hattha-pasāraṇaṃ viya); Dhp-a.ii.30; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.54, Pv-a.274- mahā˚; a great robber…

an artist who works in ivory Ja.vi.261 (Com: dantakāra); Mil.331.

turner Ja.vi.339.

gold Vv-a.12, Vv-a.13, Vv-a.166.

Deriv. unknown. Sk. cāmīkara

pleasant, polite in -kammatā politeness, flattery Mil.370 (cp. Sk. cāṭukāra); cāṭu-kamyatā Vb.246; Vism.17, Vism.23, Vism.27; Kp-a.236.

cp. cāru

…Pv-a.73 Pv-a.145

• -kāra (-samaya) (the time of sewing the robes Vin.iii.256f.
• -kāla (-samaya) the right time for accepting…

…to answer Ja.i.279; sādhukāraṃ to applaud Ja.i.223; paṭiññaṃ to promise Pv-a.76
■ to offer, to allow: maggaṃ i.e. to make…

…hatthi˚); Thig.422 (= kāruññāya paresaṃ cittassa damaka Thag-a.268). 2. one who practises self-mortification by living on the…

…Vv-a.63;

• -kāra an artisan in ivory ivory-worker DN.i.78; Ja.i.320; Mil.331; Vism.336
• -kūta tooth of a…

pin of tooth or ivory; makara˚; the tooth of a sword-fish Vin.ii.113, Vin.ii.117; Vin.iv.47. See details under makara.

…Dhp.137 (= das. dukkha-kāraṇānaṃ, enumerated v. Dhp.138, Dhp.139) “afflicted with one of the 10 plagues” cp. Dhp-a.iii.70.
…

…Pv-a.72 often as -ākāra -dassana: Pv-a.26 (dātabba˚), Pv-a.27 (thomana˚), Pv-a.35 (kata˚) & in; dassanatthaṃ in order to…

Dava¹

fire, heat Ja.iii.260
■ See also dāva & dāya.

• -ḍāha (= Sk. davāgni) conflagration of a forest, a jungle-fire Vin.ii.138; MN.i.306; Ja.i.641; Cp.iii.9#3 Mil.189; Vism.36.

Sk …

Dayati¹

= dayati (q.v.) to fly Ja.iv.347 (+ uppatati); Ja.vi.145 (dayassu = uyyassu Com.).

Dayati²

= to have pity (c. loc.), to sympathize, to be kind Ja.vi.445 (dayitabba), …

Daḍḍhi˚

making firm, strengthening, in; kayādaḍḍhi-bahula strengthened by gymnastics, an athlete Ja.iii.310 (variant reading daḷhi˚), Ja.iv.219 (variant reading distorted kādaḷiphahuna).

not with …

…blow Ja.iii.83;

• -pākāra (etc.) strongly fortified SN.iv.194
• -bhattin firmly devoted to somebody Dhs-a.350.

Sk….

Daḷhī˚

in kāya-daḷhī-bahula strong in body athletic Vin.ii.76, cp. Com. on p. 313; Ja.iii.310; Ja.iv.219 daḷhīkaraṇa steadiness, perseverance Snp-a.290 (+ ādhāraṇatā), Snp-a.398 (id). In compoun …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

(= dvejjha, see dvi B i.5] divided, in a˚; undividedness Ja.iii.7 (com. abhejja), Ja.iii.274 = Ja.iv.258 (dhanuṃ a ˚ṃ karoti to get the bow ready, variant reading BB. sarejjhaṃ C ex …

point, part, place, region, spot, country, Vin.i.46; Vin.ii.211; MN.i.437; Ja.i.308; Dhs-a.307 (˚bhūta); Pv-a.78 (˚antara prob. to be read dos˚), Pv-a.153 Kp-a.132, Kp-a.227
■ desaṃ karoti to …

…SN.iv.331; Vv.34#19 (= kāraṇena ñāyena vā Vv-a); Pv.ii.9#30 (= yutten’ eva kāraṇena Pv-a.125 as just punishment); Pv.iv.16#9 (=…

wealth, usually wealth of money, riches, treasures

1. Lit. DN.i.73 (sa˚); MN.ii.180.; AN.iii.222; AN.iv.4 sq. Cnd.135 (+ yasa, issariya etc.) Thig.464 (+ issariya) Ja.i.225 (paṭhavigataṃ karoti: …

…of a tree Ja.v.420;

• -kārin = prec. Ja.v.422 (= ˚pāṭali);
• -ggaha an archer DN.i.51; AN.ii.48; AN.iv.107; Ja.i.58,…

Dhañña¹

neuter grain, corn. The usual enumⁿ comprises 7 sorts of grain, which is however not strictly confined to grain-fruit proper (“corn”) but includes, like other enum ^…

…nt. a receptacle Dhp.58 (sankāra˚ dust-heap = ṭhāna Dhp-a.i.445). f. dhānī a seat (= ṭhāna), in rāja˚; “the king’s seat,” a…

to hold, viz.

1. to carry, bear, wear, possess; to put on, to bring give DN.i.166≈(chavadussāni etc.); Vin.i.16 = DN.i.110 (telapajjotaṃ); DN.ii.19 (chattaṃ to hold a sunshade over a person); Pv-a.4 …

…AN.i.25;

• -paṇṇākāra (dasavidha˚) the (tenfold) heavenly gift (viz. āyu, vaṇṇa etc.: see…

1. heaven Ja.iv.134 (˚ṃ agā); Ja.v.123 (˚ṃ patta); Pv-a.74 (˚ṃ gata)
2. day Snp.507 (rattindivaṃ night day); Vv-a.247 (rattindiva one night & one day, i.e. 24 hrs.); Dhp-a.ii.8 (divā-divassa so ea …

nt. only in expression satta divasāni 7 days or a week Ja.iv.139; Mil.15) a day AN.i.206 (˚ṃ atināmeti); Ja.iii.52 (uposatha˚); Pv-a.31 (yāva sattadivasā a week long), Pv-a.74 (sattamo divaso) Usu …

adverb by day SN.i.183; MN.i.125; Dhp.387; DN-a.i.251; Pv-a.43, Pv-a.142, Pv-a.206 (= divasa-bhāge) Often combined & contrasted with rattiṃ (or ratto) by night; e.g. divārattiṃ by day & by ni …

unruliness indocility, bad conduct, fractiousness SN.ii.204 sq (˚karaṇā dhammā); MN.i.95 (id. specified); AN.ii.147 AN.iii.178; Ne.40, Ne.127.

contamination of Sk. *daurvacasya evil speech & *daurv …

Du˚¹

(& before vowels dur˚) indeclinable

1. syllable of exclamation (= duḥ “bad, woe” (beginning the word du (j)-jīvitaṃ) Dhp-a.ii.6, Dhp-a.ii.10 = Pv-a.280, cp. Ja.iii.47; Bdhgh’s …

…MN.i.460 MN.ii.10;

• -kāraṇa labour or trials to be undergone as punishment Dhp-a.iii.70 (see Dhp.138, Dhp.139 & cp….

Dussa¹

neuter woven material, cloth, turban cloth; (upper) garment, clothes Vin.i.290 Vin.ii.128, Vin.ii.174; Vin.iv.159. DN.i.103; SN.v.71; MN.i.215; MN.ii.92; AN.v.347; Snp.679; Pv.i.10# …

…“couplet”).

• -kārin “doing both,” i.e. both good & evil deeds (su˚ & duccaritaṃ) SN.iii.241, cp. SN.iii.247…

…(32) Kp ii. (˚ākāra the 32 constituents of the body) Dhp-a.ii.88; Vv-a.39 etc.; dvācattālīsa (42) Cnd.15 Vism.82;…

numerical adverb in two parts, in two MN.i.114; Ja.i.253 (karoti), Ja.i.254 (chindati); Ja.i.298 (id.); Ja.iii.181; Ja.iv.101 (jāta disagreeing); Ja.vi.368 (bhindati). See also dvedhā & dveḷhaka.

• • …

…of creeper; equivalent to takkāri (?) Thig.297 (dālikā) = Thag-a.226 (dālikā & dālima).

Sk. dālika the colocynth & dāḍima the…

…of creeper; equivalent to takkāri (?) Thig.297 (dālikā) = Thag-a.226 (dālikā & dālima).

Sk. dālika the colocynth & dāḍima the…

…AN.iv.246

• -ādhikāra supervision or charge of alms-distributing. Pv-a.124 (cp. Pv.ii.9#27)
• -ānisaṁsa praise of generosity…

…(= kurūrin), Pv-a.221 (˚kāraṇa); Sdhp.5, Sdhp.78, Sdhp.286.

Ved. dāruṇa, to dāru (“strong as a tree”), cp. Gr. δροόν =…

slave, often combined w. f. dāsī. Def. by Bdhgh as “antojāto” (DN-a.i.300), or as “antojātadhanakkīta-karamarânīta-sāmaṃ dāsabyaṃ upagatānaṃ aññataro” (ibid. DN-a.i.168)
■ In phrase *dāsā ca kam …

Dīpa¹

a lamp Ja.ii.104 (˚ṃ jāleti to light a l.); Dhp-a.ii.49 (id.), Dhp-a.ii.94 (id.)

• -acci the flame of a lamp Thag-a.154;
• -āloka light of …

Dīpaka¹

(= dīpa¹)

1. f. dīpikā a lamp, in daṇḍa˚ a torch Dhp-a.i.220, Dhp-a.i.399, -
2. (˚-) an image of, having the appearance of, sham etc.; in *-[kakkara](/define/kak …

adjective far distant, remote, opp. āsanna (Ja.ii.154) or santika (Dhs.677; Vism.402)
■ Pv-a.117. Often in compounds (see below), also as dūri˚; e.g. dū …

…a highwayman Mil.290
■ f. dūsikā Ja.iii.179 (also as dūsiyā = dosakārikā); a˚; harmless Snp.312 (see *a*˚).

Sk….

adjective noun masculine one. Eka follows the pron. declension i.e. nom. pl. is eke (e.g. Snp.43, Snp.294, Snp.780 etc.)

1. “one” as number, either with or without contrast to two or more; often al …

adverb in the same place, in conjunction together Mil.144 (karoti), Kp-a.167; Snp-a.38.

fr. eka, cp. literary Sk. aikadhyaṃ, but BSk. ekadhyaṃ Mvu.i.304

adverb

1. on the one side (opp. on the other) Ja.iii.51; Ja.iv.141.
2. together Ja.ii.415; Ja.iii.57 (vasanto), Ja.iii.52 (sannipatanti) Ja.iii.391; Ja.iv.390; Dhp-a.i.18. ekato karoti to put toge …

Ekaṃsa¹

adjective belonging to one shoulder, on or with one shoulder; only in phṛase ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsangaṃ karoti to arrange the upper robe over one shoulder (the left) Vin.i.46; Vin.ii.188 …

adjective concentrated attentive, fixed AN.iii.354; Mnd.478. Usually in comp^n. with kṛ & bhū (which points however to a form ekoda with the regular change of a to i in connection with the …

1. interior, cavity (loc. gabbhe in the midst of: angāra˚ Ja.iii.55); an inner room, private chamber, bedroom, cell. Of a Vihāra Vin.ii.303; Vin.iii.119; Vin.iv.45; Vv-a.188; Vv-a.220
   ■ Ja.i.90 …

The three formations (described below in the etymology) are represented in Pāli as follows.

1. gacch˚, in
   pres gacchati;
   imper gaccha & gacchāhi;
   pot gacche (Dhp.46, Dhp.224) & gacchey …

…life; Com. geha).

• -kāraka a house-builder, metaph. of taṇhā (cp. kāya as geha) Dhp.153, Dhp.154 = Thag.183,…

(and gahīta Dhp.311) adjective seized. taken, grasped DN.i.16; DN-a.i.107 (= ādinna, pavattita) Ja.i.61; Ja.iv.2; Pv-a.43 (variant reading for text gaṇhita)
■ nt a grasp, grip Dhp-a.iii.175
■ g …

…laugh; kār (2 A): κ ̈ηρυς, Sk. kāru (cp. P. kitti) cārmen; kel (2 A): κέλαδος, calo (cp. P. kandati) Ohg….

…away Dhp-a.ii.81.

• -kāraṇa a reason for or a means to going, in ˚ṃ karoti to try to go Ja.i.2; *…

smell, viz.

1. odour, smell, scent in gen Ja.iii.189; Dhp.54–Dhp.56 = Mil.333; Dhs.605 under ghānâyatanāni); āma˚ smell of raw flesh AN.i.280; DN.ii.242; Snp.241 sq; maccha˚ the scent of fish Ja.iii. …

music, song Ja.ii.254; Vv-a.139; Mil.3; ˚ṃ karoti to make music Ja.ii.249; Ja.iii.188.

adjective

1. having a scent of, smelling of (-˚), i.e. candana˚ of sandal wood Ja.iii.190; gūtha of˚ faeces Pv.ii.3#15 (= karīsavāyinī Pv-a).
2. dealing with scents a perfumer Pv-a.127 (= māgadha; …

Ganthati & Gantheti

1. to tie, knot, bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland Vv.38#1 (ganthento Vv-a.173). Of m …

Ganthati & Gantheti

1. to tie, knot, bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland Vv.38#1 (ganthento Vv-a.173). Of m …

…esteem Pv-a.9
■ garukāra (sakkāra g. mānana vandana esteem, honour, regard Pp.19 = Dhs.1121
■ See also guru.

*…

˚Gavesaka

adjective from next looking for, seeking Ja.i.176 (kāraṇa˚); Ja.ii.3 (aguṇa˚).

adjective = gayha one who is to be taken (prisoner), in ˚niyyamāna id. SN.i.143 = Ja.iii.361 (expl. as karamaragāhaṃ gahetvā niyyamāna; cp. karamara).

…Ja.i.35; Mil.4 (senā ˚ṃ kāretvā); Dhp-a.i.11, Dhp-a.i.34. 3. the art of counting arithmetics as a study & a profession, forbidden to the…

greed, desire, jealousy, envy: gedhiṃ karoti (c. loc.) to be desirous after MN.i.330 -gedhikata in ˚citta (adj.) jealous, envious, ibid. As gedhikatā (f.) vanity, greed, conceit Cnd.585 (variant re …

dwelling, hut, house the household Ja.i.145, Ja.i.266, Ja.i.290; Ja.ii.18, Ja.ii.103, Ja.ii.110, Ja.ii.155 Ja.vi.367; Vism.593; Pv-a.22, Pv-a.62, Pv-a.73, Pv-a.82; fig. of kāya (body) Thag.184 = D …

certain style of Buddhist literature consisting of mixed prose & verse It is only found in the ster. enum of the Scriptures in their ninefold division, beginning suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ See under; …

Ghara¹

(nt.; pl. ˚ā Dhp.241, Dhp.302) a house AN.ii.68; Snp.43 (gahaṭṭhā gharaṃ āvasantā), Snp.337 (abl gharā), Snp.889 (id. gharamhā); Ja.i.290 (id. gharato), Ja.iv.2, Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.49 …

…Bdhgh);

• -kāra a potter Dhp-a.i.380; Np. of a kumbhakāra SN.i.35, SN.i.60; MN.ii.45 sq (= ˚suttanta, mentioned as such at…

adj -˚ murdering, destroying, slaughtering Vin.i.89 (arahanta˚), Vin.i.136 (id.), Vin.i.168 (id.); Vin.ii.194 (manussa˚); Vin.iv.260 (tala˚) Ja.iv.366 (gāma˚ corā robbers infesting the village); Ja.v …

mountain; as a rule only in cpds, by itself (poetical) only at Vism.206 (in enumⁿ of the 7 large mountains).

• -agga mountain top, in giraggasamajja Name of a festival c …

…phrase massuṃ golomikaṃ kārāpeti “to have the beard trimmed into a ball-or cluster-shape Vin.ii.134. Bdhgh’s explⁿ “like…

1. as pp. guarded, protected
   1. lit nagaraṃ guttaṃ a well-guarded city Dhp.315 = Thag.653 Thag.1005; Devinda˚ protected by the Lord of gods Vv.30#8-
   2. fig. (med.) guarded, watchful, constrain …

Guḷa¹

to make into a ball, to conglomerate. Cp Sk. glauḥ ball; Gr. γλουτός; Ohg. chliuwa; Ger. kugel kloss; E. clot, cleat; also *gel with same meaning Sk. gulma tumour, gilāyu glandula …

1. (n.) seizing, seizure, grip (cp. gaha): canda˚ suriya˚ an eclipse (lit. the moon, etc., being seized by a demon) DN.i.10 (= DN-a.i.95: Rāhu candaṃ gaṇhāti). Esp. applied to the sphere of the mind …

collection of houses, a hamlet (cp. Ger. gemeinde), a habitable place (opp. arañña: gāme vā yadi vâraññe Snp.119), a parish or village having boundaries & distinct from the surrounding country (gāmo c …

the neck Snp.609; Ja.i.74 (˚ṃ pasāreti to stretch forth), Ja.i.167 (pasārita˚), Ja.i.207, Ja.i.222, Ja.i.265; Ja.iii.52; Vv-a.27 (mayūra˚), Vv-a.157; DN-a.i.296 (˚āya kuṇḍa-daṇḍaka-bandhana, as e …

excrements, faeces, dung. As food for Petas frequently mentioned in Pv; (cp. Stede, Peta Vatthu 24 sq.), as a decoction of dung also used for medicinal purposes (Vin.i.206 e.g.). Often combination w …

…Snp.1084; Snp-a.416 (ha-kāra); Pv-a.4 (ha re), Pv-a.58 (gloss for su).

freq. in Rigveda, as gha or ha,…

…hand-cart Vin.ii.276. -vikāra motion of the hand Ja.iv.491. -sāra hand-wealth, movable property…

…SN.v.43; Ja.i.94

• -pākāra “elephant-wall,” wall of the upper storey with figures of elephants in relief Mhvs.33,…

violence.

only as lexicogr. word; Dhtp.101 = balakkāra

…(? for which suvaṇṇakāra!), banker, money-changer Vism.515 = Vb-a.91; Ja.i.369; Ja.iii.193; DN-a.i.315; Mil.331 (goldsmith?).

*…

…(? for which suvaṇṇakāra!), banker, money-changer Vism.515 = Vb-a.91; Ja.i.369; Ja.iii.193; DN-a.i.315; Mil.331 (goldsmith?).

*…

…meaning, e.g. hetu paccaya kāraṇa Cnd.617 (s. v. sankhā); mūla h. nidāna sambhava pabhava samuṭṭhāna āhāra ārammaṇa paccaya…

…Snp-a.377 (= hi-kāro nipāto padapūraṇa-matto); Pv-a.70, Pv-a.76. In verse Ja.iv.495. h’etaṃ = hi etaṃ; no h’etaṃ…

Err:509

adjective useful, suitable, beneficial, friendly AN.i.58, AN.i.155 sq.; AN.ii.191; DN.iii.211 sq.; Dhp.163-(m.) a friend, benefactor Mhvs.3, Mhvs.37
■ (nt.) benefit blessing, good Vin.i.4; Snp.233; …

indeclinable an exclamation of surprise or wonder Ja.vi.529 (C. hin ti kāraṇaṃ).

hiṃ = hi, + kāra, i.e. the syllable “hiṃ”

adjective saying “huṃ, huṃ,” i.e. grumbly, rough; -jātika one who has a grumbly nature, said of the brahmins Vin.i.2; Ud.3 (“proud of his caste Seidenstūcker). nihuhuṅka (= n …

…Vism.96. Cp. haṃ huṅkāra growling, grumbling Vism.105. huṅkaroti to grumble Dhp-a.i.173. huṅkaraṇa = ˚kāra Dhp-a.i.173 sq…

1. that which may be taken; grasping, taking; grasp, handful, booty. In cpd. -hārin taking all that can be taken, rapacious, ravaging Ja.vi.581 (of an army; Kern,

   Toevoegselen

   i.133 wro …

laughter; mirth, joy Dhp.146; DN-a.i.228 = Snp-a.155 (“āmeṇḍita”); Ja.i.33 Ja.ii.82; Ja.v.112; Mil.390. See also ahāsa.

• -kara giving pleasure, causing joy Mi …

1. a necklace (?) Vv-a.176.
2. a small piece, splinter Ja.iv.30 (sakalika˚); hīrahīraṃ karoti to cut to pieces, to chop up Ja.i.9; Dhp-a.i.224 (+ khaṇḍâkhaṇḍaṃ).

cp. late Sk. hīra

in i-kāra the letter or sound i Snp-a.12 (˚lopa), Snp-a.508 (id.).

Iti (ti)

indeclinable emphatic deictic particle “thus”. Occurs in both forms iti & ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of “iti” is …

…distinguished fr silāpakāra & dāru˚); Ja.iii.435, Ja.iii.446 (pākār iṭṭhikā read ˚aṭṭhakā); Ja.v.213 (rattiṭṭhikā);…

…distinguished fr silāpakāra & dāru˚); Ja.iii.435, Ja.iii.446 (pākār iṭṭhikā read ˚aṭṭhakā); Ja.v.213 (rattiṭṭhikā);…

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

…pasāda˚ Mhvs.i.4 (= ˚kāraka); a species of karma Vism.601; Cpd. 144 (A.i). 2. n. f -ikā genetrix, mother Ja.i.16; Dhs.1059≈(where…

Janati¹

only in Caus. janeti [Sk. janayati] often spelled jāneti (cp. jaleti: jāleti) & Pass. (intrs.) jāyati to bring forth, produce, cause, syn. sañjaneti nibbatteti …

…filum…

keeping awake, watchfulness, vigilance, esp. in the sense of being cautious of the dangers that are likely to befall one who strives after perfection. Therefore freq. in combination “indriyesu guttadv …

Jāni¹

feminine deprivation, loss, confiscation of property; plundering, robbery; using force, ill-treatment DN.i.135 = AN.i.201 (vadhena vā bandhena vā jāniyā vā); SN.i.66 (hatajānisu), J …

…material for the suvaṇṇakāra (the “white”-smith as opp. to “black”-smith)
■ combined w. hirañña Pv.ii.7#5; very freq. w….

…Veṇa, Nesāda, Rathakāra & Pukkusa; and ukkaṭṭhā j. (superior birth), comprising Khattiyas Brāhmaṇas
■ The var. meanings…

Jīva¹

adjective noun

1. the soul. Sabbe jīvā all the souls, enumerated with sattā pāṇā bhūta in the dialect used by the followers of Gosāla DN.i.53 (= DN-a.i.161 jīvasaññī). “taṃ jīvaṃ t …

…DN-a.i.120. Written kabalīkāra nearly always in Burmese, and sometimes in Singh MSS.; s. also Ne.114–Ne.118.

• -āhāra-bhakkha (of…

…Ja.vi.410 -karaṇa making poems DN-a.i.95; and -kāra a poet Kh.21; Ja.vi.410.

cp. Sk. kāvya

Kacchati¹

1. Pass. of katheti (ppr. kacchamāna AN.iii.181).
2. Pass. of karoti.

see *kacci*˚.

kind of large shrub, the Caesalpina Digyna Ja.vi.535 (should we write with BB kacchi˚?).

mud, mire, filth Cnd.374 (= panka); Ja.i.100; Ja.iii.220 (written kadamo in verse and kaddemo in gloss); Ja.vi.240, Ja.vi.390; Pv-a.189 (= panka), Pv-a.215; compared with moral impurities Ja.iii.290 …

indeclinable interr. adv. when? (very often foll. by fut.) Thag.1091–Thag.1106; Ja.ii.212; Ja.vi.46); Dhp-a.i.33; Pv-a.2
■ combined with-ssu Ja.v.103, Ja.v.215; Ja.vi.49 sq -ci [ …

…Dhp.186 (= Dhp-a.iii.240).

doubtful as regards etym.; the (later) Sk. kārṣāpaṇa looks like an adaptation of a dial. form

Kakka¹

a sediment deposited by oily substances, when ground; a paste Vin.i.205 (tila˚), Vin.i.255. Three kinds enumerated at Ja.vi.232: sāsapa˚ (mustard-paste), mattika˚ (fragrant earth- …

jungle cock used as a decoy Ja.ii.162 purāṇa˚, Ja.ii.161; cp. dīpaka¹ & see Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 118 K˚-Jātaka, N˚ 209.

onomat, cp. Sk. kṛkavāku cock, Gr. κέρκας, κερκίς, Lat. querqu …

roughness, harshness, deceitfulness, Pp.19, Pp.23.

harshness, Pp.19, Pp.23.

kind of creeper (˚jātāni = valliphalāni) Ja.vi.536.

adjective rough, hard, harsh, esp. of speech (vācā para-kaṭukā Dhs.1343), MN.i.286 = Dhs.1343; AN.v.265 = AN.v.283, AN.v.293; Dhs-a.396
■ akakkasa: smooth Snp.632; Ja.iii.282 Ja.v.203, Ja.v.206, J …

crab SN.i.123; MN.i.234; Ja.i.222; Vv.54#6 (Vv-a.243, Vv-a.245); Dhp-a.iii.299 (mama… kakkaṭakassa viya akkhīni nikkhamimsu, as a sign of being in love). Cp. kakkhaḷa.

• -nala a kind of sea-re …

…Pv-a.243 (= asaddha, akkosakāraka, opp. muduka) Vv-a.138 (= pharusa). 2. cruel, fierce, pitiless Ja.i.187 Ja.i.266;…

to make the sound kak, to half choke Ja.ii.105.

*kaṭ-kāreti to make kaṭ, see note on gala for sound-root kr̥ & cp. khaṭakhaṭa

(and -uka) a kind of cucumber Vv.33#28 = eḷāluka Vv-a.147.

fr. karkaru

(Sk. karkāru, connected with karkaṭaka]

1. a pumpkin-gourd, the Beninkasa Cerifera Ja.vi.536 kakkārujātāni = valliphalāni (reading kakkaru…

…Vin.i.328; Vin.ii.1 -kāraṇa the cause or reason of a dispute Ja.iii.151 Ja.vi.336; -jāta “to…

adjective any indistinct and confused noise Mhbv.23 (of the tramping of an army); in -mukhara sounding confusedly (of the ocean) ibid. 18. Cp karakarā.

cp. Sk. kala

1. mud Ja.i.12, Ja.i.73; Mil.125, Mil.324, Mil.346; Mhbv.150; Pv-a.215 (= kaddama); Dhp-a.iii.61; Dhp-a.iv.25- su˚; “well-muddied” i.e. having soft soil (of a field Mil.255.
2. the residue of s …

heap, stack (like a heap of wood? cp. kalingara) Mil.292 (sīsa˚).

cp. Sk. karaṇḍa piece of wood?

(BB ḷ)

1. a log, a piece of wood MN.i.449, MN.i.451; SN.ii.268; Dhp-a.iii.315; often in sense of something useless, or a trifle (combined with kaṭṭha q.v.) Dhp.41; Dhp-a.i.321 (= kaṭṭhakhaṇḍa, a ch …

…is good AN.iii.109;

• -kārin (a) doing good virtuous (opp. pāpa˚) SN.i.227, cp. Ja.ii.202 = Ja.iii.158; Dhs-a.390; (m.)…

lotus, freq. combined with kuvalaya; or with uppala Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40, explained as vārikiñjakkha Pv-a.77.

1. lotus, the lotus flower, Nelumbium Ja.i.146; DN-a.i.40; Mhbv.3; Sdhp.325; Vv-a.43, …

…(= Vv-a.167 hatth’âlankāra), worn on the wrist, while the kāyūra is worn on the upper part of the arm (bhujâlankāra ibid.). 3. a golden…

…gāhetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti “for his evil deeds the kings seize the thief and have him punished” AN.i.48; ye loke p˚āni k…

adjective connected with, dependent on karma Mil.137 (a˚). Kammaniya, iya & kammanna;

fr. kamma

1. doing, acting, working; work, business, occupation profession. paṭicchanna˚ of secret acting Snp.127 Vb.357; as being punished in Niraya AN.i.60; SN.iv.180 as occupation esp. in pl. kammantā: SN.v. …

…loc.: k˚ vuccati suvaṇṇakāro)

• -bhaṇḍu (bhaṇḍ, cp. Sk. bhāṇḍika a barber) a smith with a bald head Vin.i.76; *…

…AN.vi.192 Bdhd 89.

• -kārin in a˚; not acting inconsistently AN.ii.187; cp ibid. AN.ii.243. *…

adjective dark, black, as attr. of darkness, opposed to light, syn. with kāḷa (q.v. for etym.); opp. sukka. In general it is hard to separate the lit. and fig. meanings, an ethical implication is to b …

…Ja.iv.440; Ja.v.420; the difference stated at Ja.v.422 is kaṇi˚ = mahāpupphā kaṇṇi˚ =…

…Pv.iii.1#13 & pesakārā (Ud.4). Snp.818; Ja.i.312, Ja.i.321; Ja.iii.199; Pv.ii.9#14; Pv.iii.1#13, Pv.iv.5#2; DN-a.i.298; Dhp-a.i.233;…

to cause to fit, to create, build, construct arrange, prepare, order.

I. lit

1. in special sense: to prepare, get done, i.e. harness: Ja.i.62; plait DN-a.i.274, an offering (yaññaṃ) Snp.1 …

…-kāraka “one who makes it befitting,” i.e. who by offering anything to a Bhikkhu, makes it legally acceptable…

1. the silk-cotton tree Ja.iii.286; Ja.vi.336.
2. cotton DN.ii.141; AN.iii.295; SN.v.284; Ja.i.350; Ja.vi.41; comb. w. uṇṇa AN.iii.37 = AN.iv.265 = AN.iv.268.

• -aṭṭhi a cotton s …

camphor:

1. the plant Ja.vi.537
2. the resinous exudation, the prepared odoriferant substance (cp. kaṭukapphala Ja.ii.416 = Dhp-a.iii.475; Mil.382; Dāvs v.50.

cp. Sk. karpūra

…Ja.i.395; Mil.121, dukkara-kārikā “doing of a hard task,” exertion, austerity MN.i.93; Cnd.262#b. -sukara easy to do…

the trunk of an elephant; in karabhoru (k˚ + ūru) (a woman) with beautiful thighs Mhbv.29.

(Sk. karhi, when? kar = loc. of pron. st. *quo = Lat. cur why, Goth. hvar, E. where), only in karaha-ci (karhi cid) at some time, generally preceded by kadāci DN.i.17; DN.ii.13 …

Karaka¹

1. Water-pot, drinking-vessel (= pānīya-bhājana Pv-a.251). It is one of the seven requisites of a samaṇa Vin.ii.302. It is called dhammakaraka there and at Vin.ii.118, Vin.ii. …

(for kaṭakaṭā, q.v.) adverb by way of gnashing or grinding the teeth (cp. Sk. dantān kaṭakaṭāpya) i.e. severely (of biting) Ja.iii.203 (passage ought to be read as karakarā nikhāditvā).

shrub Vism.183 (+ kanavīra).

etym.?

see Kara.

…injure, hurt; in “karato kārayato chindato chedāpayato…” DN.i.52 = MN.i.516; SN.iii.208.

cp. Sk. kṛntati

Karati²

(˚tī)…

the Indian cuckoo Ja.vi.539.

cp. Sk. kala-kaṇṭha cuckoo, & kalavinka sparrow

same Ja.v.204, Ja.v.416; Vv.36#4; Vism.112, Vism.206; Vv-a.166, Vv-a.219.

• -bhāṇin speaking like the cuckoo, i.e. with a clear and melodious voice, one of the mahāpurisa-lakk …

1. the oleander, Nerium odorum. Its flower was used especially in garlands worn by delinquents (see kaṇṭha)
2. a kind of grass Ja.iv.92. -patta a kind of arrow …

(˚iya) = prec. Ja.vi.538.

the tree Pongamia glabra, used medicinally Vin.i.201; Ja.vi.518, Ja.vi.519.

cp. Sk. karañja, accord. to Aufrecht, Halāyudha p. 176 the Dalbergia arborea

(karala) a wisp of grass (tiṇa˚) Dhp-a.iii.38; Dhs-a.272.

…veneration Pv-a.30. sakkāra reverence, devotion Snp-a.284.

Note: in massu˚ and kamma˚ some grammarians have tried to derive k˚ from a…

1. (adj.)
   1. that ought to be, must or should be done, to be done, to be made (= kātabbaṃ karaṇârahaṃ Kp-a.236) Vin.i.58; DN.i.3, cp. Mil.183; AN.v.210; DN-a.i.7. Often-˚ in the sense of “doing …

the fact that something has to be performed, an obligation Vin.ii.89, Vin.ii.93; sa˚ being left with something to do Mil.140.

abstr. fr. prec.

1. a basket or box of wicker-work Mhvs.31, Mhvs.98; Dāvs v.60; Dhp-a.iii.18.
2. the cast skin, slough of a serpent DN.i.77 (= DN-a.i.222 ahi-kañcuka) cp. Dial. i.88.

cp. Sk. karaṇḍa, ˚ka, ˚ikā. …

box, basket, casket, as dussa˚ MN.i.215 = SN.v.71 = AN.iv.230 (in simile); SN.iii.131 SN.v.351 cp. Pp.34; Ja.i.96; Ja.iii.527; Ja.v.473 (here to be changed into koraṇḍaka); DN-a.i.222 (vilīva˚); Snp\ …

in Childers the tree Capparis trifoliata, but see Brethren, p. 363, n. 2: musk-rose tree or “karer” Thag.1062; Ud.31; Ja.v.405; Ja.vi.534.

elephant, in cpd. -lolita resounding with the noise made by elephants, of a forest Thig.373.

metathesis for kaṇeru, q.v., cp. Sk. kareṇu

female elephant Ja.ii.343; Dhp-a.i.196 (variant reading for kaṇeru).

fr. kareṇu

Kari-paribandha

adjective bound up in filth, full of filth, disgusting; epithet of the body Thag.1152 Kari here is abbrev. of karīsa² (see note ad loc.).

= karīsa-paribaddha

adjective “one who has a hand,” an elephant (cp. hatthin) Mhvs.24, Mhvs.34; Mhvs.25, Mhvs.68; Dāvs iv.2. In compounds kari.

• -gajjita the cry of the elephant, an elephant’s tru …

…I ###

(Denom. to kāra) kārayati = kāreti, in origin. meaning of build, construct, and fig. perform, exercise, rule wield (rajjaṃ): kārehi…

Karoṭi¹

feminine

1. a basin, cup, bowl, dish Ja.i.243; Ja.ii.363; Ja.iii.225; Ja.iv.67; Ja.v.289, Ja.v.290.
2. the skull (cp. kaḷopi On the form cp. Dial. i.227 n.) Ja.vi.592.

Karoṭi<s …

1. a bowl, basin Ja.iv.68; Dhp-a.ii.131 (sappi˚).
2. the skull Ja.vi.592; where it may be a helmet in the form of a skull.

fr. karoṭi¹)

Err:509

species of rice-plant of a ruddy colour Mil.252 (see Mil. trsl. ii.73).

class of Devas DN.ii.260.

…Ja.vi.466
■ See also kāruñña.

• -ādhimutta intent upon compassion DN.ii.241, DN.ii.242
• -ānuvattin following the dictates of…

to feel pity for, to have compassion on Snp.1065 (˚āyamāna; expl. by Nd ii.as anuddayamāno anurakkh anuggaṇh˚ anukamp˚); Vb.273; Vism.314. Der. -āyanā compassionateness Vb.87 = Vb.273 (and *-āyi …

Karīsa¹

neuter a square measure of land, being that space on which a karīsa of seed can be sown (Tamil karīsa) see Rhys Davids, Ancient Coins and Measures of Ceylon, p. 18; Ja.i.94, Ja.i …

to till, to plough SN.i.172, SN.i.173 = Snp.80; Thag.531; Ja.i.57; Ja.ii.165; Ja.vi.365
■ kassate (3rd sing med.) Thag.530
pp kattha (q.v.) Caus. ii. kasāpeti Mil.66, Mil.82; Dhp-a.i.224.

*kṛṣ …

Kasi & Kasī

feminine tilling, ploughing; agriculture, cultivation MN.ii.198; SN.i.172, SN.i.173 = Snp.76 sq. Vin.iv.6; Pv.i.5#6 (k˚, gorakkha, vaṇijjā); Pv-a.7 Sdhp.390 (k˚, vaṇijjā); Vv-a.63
■ * …

Kasiṇa¹

adjective entire, whole Ja.iv.111, Ja.iv.112.

Vedic kṛtsna

Kasiṇa²

neuter one of the aids to kammaṭṭhāna, the practice by means of which myst …

…DN.i.61 (k˚ gahapatiko kārakārako rāsi-vaḍḍhako); AN.i.241; AN.i.229, AN.i.239 (the three duties of a farmer); SN.i.172 = Snp.76;…

of karoti.

whip Vin.i.99 (in Uddāna); MN.i.87, etc.; Dhp.143; Mil.197
■ -kasāhi tāḷeti to whip lash, flog as punishment for malefactors here, as well as in Niraya (see kamma-karaṇā) MN.i …

Kasi & Kasī

feminine tilling, ploughing; agriculture, cultivation MN.ii.198; SN.i.172, SN.i.173 = Snp.76 sq. Vin.iv.6; Pv.i.5#6 (k˚, gorakkha, vaṇijjā); Pv-a.7 Sdhp.390 (k˚, vaṇijjā); Vv-a.63
■ * …

…been done Pv-a.116 -sakkāra honoured, revered Ja.v.353; Mhvs.9, Mhvs.8 (su˚) -saṅgaha one who…

adjective which one (of a certain number, usually of two) Ja.i.4; Pv-a.119 Often only emphatic for ko, e.g. Ja.i.298 (kataraṃ upaddavaṃ na kareyya), and used uninflected in compounds …

…Dhp-a.i.440.

• -ākāra, in ˚ṃ karoti to enter into conversation with Ja.vi.413.
• -samattha…

…-pakāra of what kind Vin.i.358; Snp.241 (:kathappakāra).

• -paṭipanna going what way, i.e….

1. talk talking, conversation AN.i.130; Pv-a.39. So in antarā˚ DN.i.179; Snp.p.107, Snp.p.115; cp. sallāpa. Also in tiracchāna˚; low, common speech, comprising 28 kinds of conversational talk a b …

1. agreement, contract, pact Vin.i.153 (T. kātikā), Vin.i.309; Ja.vi.71; Mil.171, Mil.360
2. talking, conversation, talk (adhammikā k., cp kathikā & kathā) Ja.ii.449

■ katikaṃ karoti to make an a …

adjective

1. to be done, to be made or performed; that which might or could be done Dhp.53; Ja.i.77, Ja.i.267; Ja.v.362.
2. (nt.) that which is to be done, obligation, duty Thag.330; Ja.ii.154; Ja.v. …

one who makes or creates, a maker, doer; in foll. construction.

I. Dependent

Either in verb-function with acc., as n. agent to all phrases with karoti e.g. pañhaṃ karo …

…-suppa a winnowing basket Vin.i.269 = Dhp-a.i.174 (˚e pakkhipitvā sankāra-kūṭe chaḍḍehi). Kattari & i

cp. Sk. kṛtvan…

(& -kattika) Name of a month (Oct
■ Nov.), during which the full moon is near the constellation of Pleiades It is the last month of the rainy season, terminating on the full moon day of Kattikā ( …

Kattu˚

1. base of inf. kattuṃ (of karoti), in compd^s -kamyatā willingness to do something Vb.208; Vism.320, Vism.385; Dhp-a.iii.289; -kāma desirous to do Vin.ii.2 …

poetry; ballad, ode (cp. kabba) Ja.vi.213, Ja.vi.216.

• -kāra a poet Ja.vi.216.

cp. Vedic kavya wise; sacrificer

1. to draw out, drag, pull, tug Ja.i.193, Ja.i.225, Ja.i.265, Ja.i.273 (khaggaṃ k. to draw the sword).
2. to draw in, suck up (udakaṃ) Ja.iv.141.
3. to draw a line, to scratch Ja.i.78, Ja.i.111, Ja.i. …

(= khaḷopi) f.

1. a vessel, basin, pot: see compounds
2. a basket, crate (= pacchi Thag-a.219; Ja.v.252) MN.i.77 MN.i.342; SN.i.236 = Thig.283 (where osenti is to be corr. to openti); Ja.v.252
   …

adjective always referring to teeth: with long, protruding teeth, of Petas (cp. attr. of the dog of the “Underworld” Pv-a.152: tikhiṇâyatakaṭhina-dāṭho and the figure of the witch in fairy-tales) J …

the fine red powder between the husk and the grain of rice, huskpowder DN.i.9 (˚homa), explained at DN-a.i.93 by kuṇḍaka. (adj.) made of husk-powder or of finely broken rice, of cakes Ja.i.423 (k-p …

Nerium odorum, oleander, the flower of which is frequently used in the garland worn by criminals when led to the place of execution (cp Rouse, J. trsl. iv.119 and Mṛcchakaṭika X. beginning diṇṇa-ka …

young elephant Ja.ii.342; Ja.iv.49; Ja.v.39, Ja.v.50, Ja.v.416; Ja.vi.497; Dhp-a.i.196 (variant reading kareṇukā) -f. -kā MN.i.178
■ See also kareṇu.

Derivation uncertain, …

Kaṇḍu¹

feminine the itch, itching, itchy feeling, desire to scratch Vin.i.202, Vin.i.296; Ja.v.198; Vism.345. kaṇḍuṃ karoti to make or cause to itch Ja.v.198; vineti to allay the itch, to …

strip of cloth used to mark the kaṭhina robe, in -karaṇa Vin.i.254, and -ka Vin.i.290.

…-alaṅkāra an ornament for the ear Ja.v.409.

• -āyata (mutta) (a pearl)…

1. an ornament for the ear, in ˚lakkhaṇa: see below.
2. the pericarp of a lotus Ja.i.152, Ja.i.183; Ja.v.416; Mil.361; Vism.124 (paduma˚); Vv-a.43.
3. the corner of the upper story of a palace or pag …

see kaṇikāra.

1. throat AN.iv.131; Ja.v.448; Mil.152 (kaṇṭho ākurati, is hoarse); Pv-a.280 (akkharāni mahatā kaṇṭhena uccaritāni). The throat of Petas is narrow and parched with thirst: Pv-a.99 (k-oṭṭha-tālūnaṃ …

Kaṭa¹

a mat: see compounds & kaṭallaka.

• -sara a reed: Saccharum Sara, used as medicine Dhs-a.78.
• -sāra (Dhp-a.i.268) & *[sāraka](/define/sāraka …

anything circular, a ring, a wheel (thus in kara˚ Vin.ii.122); a bracelet Pv-a.134.

an evil deed AN.iv.172 (variant reading = AN-a.744 kaṭanaṃ vuccati pāpakammaṃ).

from kaṭa, pp. of karoti

closeness, tightness close-fistedness, niggardliness. Explained as “the shrinking up of the heart,” which prevents the flow or manifestation of generosity. It occurs only in the stock phrase “vevicch …

artificiality, outward help, suggestion applied to sati Mil.78, Mil.79 (cp. Mil trsl. i.121 n and Mhvs.i.477).

from karoti; see Sk. kṛtrima & kuṭṭima; also kutta & kutti

an irrigated field, prepared for ploughing, arable land in its first stage of cultivation: kedāre pāyetvā karissāma “we shall till the fields after watering them” Ja.i.215; as square-shaped (i.e. mar …

adjective deceitful, false, hypocritic Ja.i.461 (explained by biḷāra); Ja.iv.220; Ja.iv.223 (= kirāsa) MN-a.152; Dhp-a.iii.389 (= saṭha)
■ a˚ honest, frank Ja.v.117 (= akitava, ajūtakara).

fr. kirāṭa

…of hair Dhp-a.i.387
■ kārika hairdresser Vv.17#5 -dhātu the hair-relic (of the Buddha) Ja.i.81;…

(adj-adv.) expression of the concept of unity and totality: only, alone; whole, complete; adv altogether or only

1. ˚ṃ (adv.)
   1. only = just: k tvaṃ amhākaṃ vacanaṃ karohi “do all we tell you Pv\ …

1. corn ready for threshing, the threshing floor Cnd.587; Vism.120; DN-a.i.203 (khalaṃ sodheti).
2. threshing, mash, in ekamaṃsa-khalaṃ karoti “to reduce to one mash of flesh” DN.i.52 = MN.i.377 (+ …

…(Com. khalayātha khalīkāraṃ (i.e. a “rub,” kind of punishment pāpetvā niddhamatha = give him a thrashing & throw him out. variant…

adjective (a) patient, forgiving. (b) enduring, bearing, hardened to (frost & heat, e.g.), fit for.

1. kh. belongs to the lovable attributes of a bhikkhu (kh. rūpānaṃ, saddānaṃ, etc.; indulgent as re …

…kho jānato passato… ahankāramamankāra-mānânusayā na hontī ti SN.iii.103-pañca-kkhandhe pariññāya SN.iii.83; pañca-kkhandhā…

…Ja.i.262; Pv-a.66 (+ yuttakāra) Vv-a.71 (in explⁿ of akodhana); -suñña (nt.) the void of khanti Pts.ii.183;…

…Ja.i.262; Pv-a.66 (+ yuttakāra) Vv-a.71 (in explⁿ of akodhana); -suñña (nt.) the void of khanti Pts.ii.183;…

attendant, companion, charioteer, the king’s minister and adviser (Lat. satelles “satellite” has been compared for etym.) DN.i.112 (= DN-a.i.280, kh˚ vuccati pucchita-pucchita-pañhaṃ vyākaraṇa-sam …

…brāhmaṇī kh˚ vessī suddī caṇḍālī nesādī veṇī rathakārī pukkusī AN.iii.229; similarly MN.ii.33, MN.ii.40.

pot, usually with kumbhī: DN.i.167 (-mukha + kumbhi-mukha); Pp.55; Mil.107.

and khalopi, also kalopī, q.v. Cp. Trenckner Notes, p. 60, possibly = karoṭi

…entire, whole, in

• -kārin (sikkhāya) fulfilling or practising the whole of (the commandments) Pv.iv.3#43 and *…

…making khāṭ; cp. kakkāreti

…perhaps, really. Def. as adhikār’ antara-nidassan’ atthe nipāto Kp-a.113 as avadhāraṇaṃ (affirmative particle) Pv-a.11, Pv-a.18
■…

shaking, shock Vism.31, Vism.157; khobhaṃ karoti to shake Vv-a.35, Vv-a.36 Vv-a.278; khobha-karaṇa shaking up, disturbance Vism.474 See also akkhobbha.

cp. Vedic kṣubh kṣobhayati, to shake = Go …

Khulukhulu-kaṛakaṃ

(nt. adv.) “so as to make the sound khulu, khulu,” i.e. clattering or bumping about MN.ii.138. Cp. ghuru-ghuru.

Khura¹

the hoof of an animal Vv.64#10 (of a horse = turagānaṃ khuranipāta, the clattering of a horse’s hoof Vv-a.279), cp. Sk. kṣura, a monkey’s claw Sp. Avs.i.236.

khura-kāse MN.i.44 …

eating, in -kāraṇa the reason of eating… Pv-a.37.

at Thig.509 is to be read kāhinti (= karissanti Thag-a.293).

…(under vividha-kamma-kāranā kārenti) MN.i.87; AN.i.48 = AN.ii.122 = Cnd.604; Ja.vi.17 (variant reading ˚ṭicch˚; C. has āpatacchika,…

…of material food (kabalinkāro ähāro) at Dhs.646 = Dhs.740 = Dhs.875
■ Ja.iv.138 (mātu kh˚); Ja.iv.140; Dhp.71 = Ne.161; Mil.41;…

destroyed, exhausted, removed, wasted, gone; in compounds ˚-often to be translated “without.” It is mostly applied to the destruction of the passions (āsavā) & demerit (kamma). Khīṇā jāti “destroyed …

…= next Ja.iii.14;

• -kārin, doing wrong Snp.665 sq.; Pv-a.58.

Ved. kilbiṣa, according to Grassmann to *kil as in…

…Snp.676;

• -karaṇīyāni pl. = kiccākicca, various duties AN.iv.87;
• -kārin = kiccakara AN.iii.443.

grd. of karoti…

duty Vin.ii.89 (k˚ karaṇīyatā); Mil.42.

abstr. fr. last

…yaṃ jano passati kibbisakārī (miserable is the life of one who does wrong) Snp.676 = parihīnattha, in poverty Pv-a.220 (kicco = kiccho) …

(sometimes kila)

1. indecl. the sound “click,” of the noise of a trap when shutting Ja.i.243; Ja.ii.363, Ja.ii.397 (as “kilī”)
   ■ Also repeated “kilikilī ti” click, click Ja.i.7 …

…Avs.i.48 and in cpd. hāhākārakilakilā “shouting hā-hā and hail-hail” Avs.i.67 Mvu.iii.312 and Divy.459). See also kiṇakiṇāyati…

1. an occupation, place of work, workshop Ja.iv.223. Cp. kita & kittima.
2. [fr. kṛ; kirati to scatter, cp. pp. kiṇṇa] scattering, effusion (of sun rays), effulgence Vv-a.169, Vv-a.199.

fr. kṛ; …

Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā

1. (n.)-
   1. (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …

to be affected or moved Vism.318. Kiriya, Kiriya & Kriya

Pass. of kirati or karoti

Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā

1. (n.)-
   1. (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …

1. adorned: mālā˚ adorned with garlands Vin.iii.249.
2. soiled, only in cpds kaṇṇa˚; said of a wall, also of the ground at Vin.i.48 Vin.ii.209; and paṃsu˚; soiled with dust Vin.ii.121, Vin.ii.174. …

…Ger. ruhm; *qār: cp. Sk. kāru poet Gr. κ ̈ηρυς herald, Lat. carmen hymn of praise
■ The explains of Dhtp (579) & Dhtm (812) are;…

adjective made up, artificial; clever, skilful Thag-a.227; Dhp-a.391 (of nāma); Vv-a.275 (of ratha cleverly constructed).

Cp. also kutta, -f. kittimā at Ja.iii.70; Ja.vi.508 is according to Ker …

…Ger. ruhm; *qār: cp. Sk. kāru poet Gr. κ ̈ηρυς herald, Lat. carmen hymn of praise
■ The explains of Dhtp (579) & Dhtm (812) are;…

…-kāraṇā (abl. of kāraṇa) by reason of what, i.e. why? Pv-a.25;

• -kusalagavesin striving after that which…

…Vin.ii.107; Vv.84#46 (= Vv-a.349); Thig.254, Thig.411 (= Thag-a.267).

• -kāra a comb-maker Mil.331 (not in…

the jujube fruit MN.i.80; AN.iii.49 (sampanna-kolakaṃ sūkaramaṃsa “pork with jujube”); Ja.iii.22 (= badara); Ja.vi.578.

• -mattiyo (pl.) of the size of a j. truit, always comb w. kolaṭṭhi-mattiy …

…is explained by camma-kāra, thus “worker in leather (-shields or armour),” with der. fr konta (“satthitāya kontāya…

ill-temper, anger, grudge Vin.ii.184 = Snp.6; Dhs.1060; with appaccaya (mistrust) MN.i.27; almost exclusively in phrase kopañ ca dosañ ca appaccayañ ca pātukaroti (pātvakāsi) “he shows forth ill-tem …

shrub and its flower Ja.v.473 (˚dāma, so read for karaṇḍaka), Ja.vi.536; as Npl. in Koraṇḍaka-vihāra Vism.91.

= kuraṇḍaka

hen variant reading (ti vā pāḷi) at Thig.381 for turiyā. See also Thag-a.255 (= kuñcakārakukkuṭī).

…Dial iii.132–136.

• -kāraka the “cocoon-maker,” i.e. the silk-worm, Vin.iii.224; Vism.251. *…

…nepuñña. See also Pp.25; Vism.128 sq. (appanā˚), Vism.241 sq. (uggaha˚ & manasikāra˚), Vism.248 (bojjhanga˚); Pv-a.63, Pv-a.99…

…kosa, cp. Sk. kauśeya silk-cloth and P. kosa-kāraka

Koñca¹

the heron, often in combⁿ with mayūra (peacock): Thag.1113; Vv.11#1, Vv.35#8 Ja.v.304; Ja.vi.272; or with haṃsa Pv.ii.12#3
■ Explained as sārasa Vv- …

Kiriya, Kiriyā & Kriyā

1. (n.)-
   1. (-˚) action, performance, deed; the doing = fulfilment cp. ˚karaṇa, anta˚, making an end of, putting a stop to (dukkhassa) SN.iii.149; SN.iv.93; Snp.454, Snp.72 …

…trouble Ja.i.243;

• -vikāra disturbance of the bowels Vin.i.301;
• -vitthambhana steadying the…

1. bad doing, misconduct, bad character. Def. kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ tassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ Vism.470 & Bdhd 24
   ■ Various explanations in Nd ii.on Snp.1106 = Dhs.1160, in its literal sense it is b …

…cynic MN.i.387 (+ dukkara kāraka; also as k˚-vata, ˚sīla, ˚citta, ˚ākappa) DN.iii.6, DN.iii.7; Ne.99 (+ govatika; *…

cock Mil.363; Ja.iv.58; Vv-a.163; f. kukkuṭī a hen Dhp-a.i.48; Thag-a.255; in simile MN.i.104 = MN.i.357 = AN.iv.125 sq., AN.iv.176 sq. (cp. ˚potako).

• *-[aṇḍa](/define/aṇḍa …

…AN.ii.104 = Pp.45 -kāra 1 a potter; enumerated with other occupations and trades at DN.i.51 = Mil.331. Vin.iv.7. In…

…of material food (kabaḷinkārâhāra) Dhs.646, Dhs.740, Dhs.875. Vin.iii.15; Ja.i.228; Vv.14#6 (= Vv-a.62 yava˚); Vv-a.98 (odana˚). In…

adjective shaking, unsteady, movable; AN.iii.128 (˚dhammo, unsteady, of a pāpabhikkhu) Snp.784; of a kamma: a proceeding that can be quashed Vin.ii.71 (also a˚). nt. kuppaṃ anger Vin.ii.133 (karis s …

kind of flower Ja.vi.218 (C: mantālakamakula).

?

Kubbati²

etc. see karoti ii.

adjective

1. (adj.) clever, skilful, expert; good, right, meritorious MN.i.226; Dhp.44; Ja.i.222 Esp. appl. in moral sense (= puñña), whereas akusala is practically equivalent to pāpa. ekam pi ce pāṇ …

…in the Elements; manasikāra˚ proficiency in attention; āyatana˚ skill in the spheres; paṭiccasamuppāda˚ skill in conditioned Genesis;…

1. nt. a woollen carpet (DN-a.i.87 = as used for dancing-women), together with kaṭṭhissa and koseyya in list of forbidden articles of bedding DN.i.7 = AN. …

arrangement, fitting, trapping, harnessing Vin.ii.108 (sara˚: accuracy in sound, harmony); Ja.iii.314 (massu˚ beard-dressing, explained by massu-kiriyā. Here corresponding to Sk *kḷpti!), Ja.iv.352 …

tumult, excitement; Dāvs v.22; Dhp-a.iii.194 (variant reading kot˚). a˚; (adj.) unperturbed, not shamming Ja.i.387 (expl. by avikiṇṇa-vaco of straight speech) See also kotūhala.

• *-[maṅgala](/d …

…(in compounds only)- kāra cackling (of a hen) Thag-a.255; -nāda trumpeting (of an elephant)…

…(Hardy, but Minayeff and Hardy’s S.S. Kuṇḍalī˚), explained Pv-a.123 by mukhavikārena vikuṇitaṃ (or vikucitaṃ SS.)…

…paṇṇa˚ vacca˚.

• -kāra the making of a hut, in ˚sikkhāpada, a rule regarding the method of building a hut…

…khādanti naraṃ kibbisakārinaṃ); Ja.vi.566.

• -gaṇā (pl.) flocks of ravens Snp.675; Vv.52#15 (= Vv-a.227).

Onomat. The Lit. Sk….

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…of passions Ja.iii.293

• -kāra the fulfilment of desires Snp.351 = Thag.1271
• -kārin acting according to…

…the gods“ Pv-a.6. -kāraka one who performs a religious duty DN.i.61 (= DN-a.i.170). 2. doing manner, way: yena…

…of (-˚) service: dukkara-kārikā the performance of evil deeds SN.i.103; Thig.413 (= Thag-a.267). -agga-kārikā first test, sample…

… 2. duty obligation, in kāraṇ’ âkāraṇā (pl.) duties great and small Dhp-a.i.385 Cp. also kāraṇaṃ karoti to try MN.i.444 3. a…

…arrow-maker fletcher. Perhaps the reading should be ˚kāraka.

der. fr. prec.

…etym., cp. karaṇḍa

Kāraṇḍava²

a sort of duck Vv.35#8 (explained as also by Halāyudha 2, 99 by kādamba, black…

…see karoti iv.; see also kārāpaka & kārāpita.

Causative of karoti

see kāraka

…doing: yathāvādī tathākārī “as he says so he does” DN.iii.135, Snp.357; see for examples the various compounds as kamma˚, kibbisa˚,…

Err:501

adjective to be done, neg. akāriya to be undone, (not) to be made good Iti.18.

grd. of kāreti, Caus. of karoti

compassion (usually with anudayā and anukampā) SN.ii.199; AN.iii.189; Vism.300; Pv-a.75; Sdhp.509.

fr. karuṇa

compassionateness SN.i.138.

…Bdhd 49; often with mahā˚: of great mercy Sdhp.330, Sdhp.557; so of the Buddha: mahākāruṇika nātha “the Saviour of great mercy”…

confinement, captivity, jail, in -bhedaka cora a thief who has broken out of jail Vin.i.75.

cp. Sk. kārā

schemer, inventor Ja.vi.333.

fr. kārāpeti

see kāreti.

made to do Ja.vi.374.

pp. of kārāpeti, Caus. of karoti

hole; only in cpd. aṅgārakāsu a cinderhole, a fire-pit, usually understood as a pit of glowing cinders Ja.i.232. Mostly found in similes e.g. SN.iv.56, SN.iv.188; Snp.396; Sdhp.208; and in kāmā ang …

adjective noun (grd. of karoti) that which ought to, can or must be done (see karoti) Ja.i.264, etc. Also as kattabba Pv-a.30.

is Vedic inf. of karoti Thig.418 (in Thag-a.268 taken as kātuṃ ayye!).

and Kātu˚; (in compound with kāma) inf. of karoti.

• -kāma desirous of doing or making, etc. Mhvs.37#34 (a˚) Pv-a.115;
• -kāmatā the desire to do, etc. Ja.i …

1. poetry, the making of poems, poetry as business. one of the forbidden occupations DN.i.11 (= DN-a.i.95 kabba-karaṇa)
2. poetry, song, poem (of suttanta) AN.i.72 = AN.iii.107.

• *-[matta](/defin …

…of action AN.i.112;

• -vikāra change of position of the body Ja.iii.354
• -vijambhana alertness Dhp-a.iv.113; *…

…the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92;…

…the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92;…

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…a false suit, in ˚kāra a false suitor Ja.ii.2; Dhp-a.i.353;

• -jaṭila a fraudulent ascetic Ja.i.375;…

adjective light, quick AN.i.10, AN.i.45
■ lahuṃ karoti to make light, to be frivolous Ja.ii.451
■ nt. lahuṃ (adv.) quickly Pv.iv.1#60; Dpvs.i.53; Mhvs.4, Mhvs.17
■ Usually a …

…“in meaning…

in “kārāpesi tilañcanaṃ” at Dpvs.20, 10 is not clear. We may have to correct reading into lañchanaṃ or lañchakaṃ. Oldenberg in…

…by Cy. as “lakkhaṇa-kāraka”) Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.366 (ti˚ so explained by Cy. variant reading ni˚). See nillañchaka & cp; *lañcana…

…C.); Mhvs.25, Mhvs.44 (pākāraṃ). Cp. olaṅgheti.

laṅgh, a by-form of lagh, as in laghu (see…

see lakāra.

…receptacle Vin.ii.170.

• -kāra a metal worker, coppersmith, blacksmith Mil.331
• -kumbhī an iron…

…in detail as one of the 32 ākāras at Kp-a.54 sq.; Vism.261, Vism.360; Vb-a.245
■ Vin.i.203 (āmaka˚), Vin.i.205 (˚ṃ mocetuṃ);…

…(andhās tamaso ’ndhakāra-tamisrā) -ādhipa lord or ruler of the world AN.i.150. -ādhipateyya “rule of…

…of loma as one of the 32 ākāras of the body (Kp iii.; pl. lomā) is found at Vism.250, Vism.353; Vb-a.233; Kp-a.42, Kp-a.43
■…

…Vv-a.99 (˚udaka).

• -kāra salt-maker Vin.i.350 (˚gāma); AN.ii.182 (˚dāraka); Ja.vi.206 (kara) Mil.331. *…

…of gain Vb-a.466.

• -sakkāra gain and honour, usually combined with
• -siloka fame; the two first e.g. at Vin.ii.196;…

…andhakāra); Dhp-a.i.140 (vippakiṇṇa-valikaṃ…

…andhakāra); Dhp-a.i.140 (vippakiṇṇa-valikaṃ…

…sq.; Ne.86, Ne.108; Vb-a.272 (= cittassa līn’ ākāra).

abstr. fr. līna

to stick. The Dhtp evidently favours the separation when interpreting lī by “silesana-dravīkaraṇa,” i.e. to make slip or run (Dhtp.441; Dhtm.681)]

1. to stick, adhere, cling to see compounds all˚, …

…Ja.v.72 (orena-m-āgama); Ja.vi.266 (pacchā-m-anutappati); Snp-a.309 (rāg’ ādi-m-anekappakāraṃ)
■ On wrong syllable division…

(-kāra) the letter or sound m Ja.iii.273 (sandhi-vasena vutta put in for the sake of euphony); Ja.v.375 (ma-kāro sandhikaro); Kp-a.155,…

adj. nt.

1. mild, gentle, soft, suave Dhs.1340; Vb.359; Mil.229 (cittaṃ mudukaṃ m. siniddhaṃ), Mil.313 (mudu˚), Mil.361 (among the 30 best virtues, with siniddha & mudu).
2. (fr. madda) as Np. name o …

honey Ja.i.157 sq.; Ja.iv.117; Dhp.69 (madhū vā read as madhuvā); Mhvs.5, Mhvs.53; Dhs-a.330; Dhp-a.ii.197 (alla fresh honey)
■ pl. madhūni Mhvs.5, Mhvs.31
■ The Abhp (533) also gives “wine fr …

…Ja.iii.368

• -andhakāra deep darkness Vism.417.
• -assāsin fully refreshed, very…

1. intoxicant, intoxicating drink, wine, spirits Vin.i.205; DN.iii.62, DN.iii.63; Snp.398 (+ pāna = majjapāna); Vv-a.73 (= surā ca merayañ ca); Sdhp.267.
2. drinking place Ja.iv.223 (= pān’ āgāra). …

mythical fish or sea monster, Leviathan (cp. Zimmer, Altind. Leben 97; Ja.ii.442; Ja.iii.188; Mil.131, Mil.377; Thag-a.204
■ f. makarinī Mil.67.

-dantaka the tooth of a s …

the nectar of a flower Ja.vi.530.

cp. Class. Sk. makaranda

1. a bowl, a vessel (?) used in bathing Vin.ii.106 (mallakena nahāyati; or is it a kind of scrubber? Bdhgh’s explⁿ of this passage (CV v. i.4) on p. 315 is not quite clear mallakaṃ nāma *ma …

…form mamaṃ˚; viz. mamankāra etc
■ As adj. “self-like, selfish” only neg amama unselfish Snp.220 (=…

…(= mama) + kāra, cp. ahaṃ + kāra

treating with tenderness, solicitude, fondness Ja.v.331.

fr. mamaṃ + kṛ.

to be fond of, to cherish, tend, foster Ja.v.330.

mama(ṃ) + kṛ; “to make one’s own”

self-love, self-interest, egoism MN.i.486; MN.iii.32 (at both places also ahiṅkāra for ahaṅkāra).

for maman˚, cp. Geiger, P.Gr. § 19

…runs as follows: “kiriyā-kāro, manamhi kāro m. purima-manato visadisaṃ manaṃ karotī ti pi m Svāyaṃ: ārammaṇa-paṭipādako…

…Cnd.498); Dhp.325 (= amanasikārā manda-pañña Dhp-a.iv.17); Ja.iv.221; Pp.65, Pp.69; Kp-a.53, Kp-a.54. 2. slow, yielding little result…

…runs as follows: “kiriyā-kāro, manamhi kāro m. purima-manato visadisaṃ manaṃ karotī ti pi m Svāyaṃ: ārammaṇa-paṭipādako…

orig. a divine saying or decision, hence a secret plan (cp. def. of mant at Dhtp.578 by “gutta-bhāsane”), counsel; hence magic charm, spell. In particular a secret religious code or doctrine, esp. …

1. the fine particles of ashes, in; aṅgara˚; charcoal-dust Vv-a.67 = Dhp-a.iii.309 (agginā) masiṃ karoti to reduce to powder (by fire), to burn to ashes, turn to dust SN.ii.88 = SN.iv.197 = AN. …

the beard DN.ii.42; Pp.55; Ja.iv.159
■ parūḷha˚ with long-grown beard DN-a.i.263; bahala thick-bearded Ja.v.42.

• -kamma beard-dressing Ja.iii.114; Dhp-a.i.253.
• *-[karaṇ …

…dead Dhp-a.ii.274.

• -ākāra condition of one who is dead Ja.i.164 (˚ṃ dassati pretends to be dead). *…

…untranslateable): sita˚-kāraṇā just because he smiled Vv-a.68 bhesajja-mattā pītā I have taken medicine DN.i.205 (= mattā f.?)…

… ■ Abl. mattaso in -kārin doing in moderation, doing moderately Pp.37 (= pamānena padesa-mattam eva karontī ti)
■ In cpds…

…(same as 3) 5 vikār’ atthe “alteration” (? more like product consistency, substance), with example…

adjective pleasant, charming sweet, lovely (only with ref. to the voice) DN.ii.211, DN.ii.227 (one of the 8 characteristics of Brahmā’s & the Buddha’s voice: see bindu & aṭṭhanga); …

…in detail as one of the 32 ākāras or constituents of the human body at Vism.252, Vism.354; Kp-a.46 Vb-a.235.

• -ūpasecana sauce for meat…

adjective auspicious prosperous, lucky, festive Mnd.87, Mnd.88; Kp-a.118 sq. Snp-a.273, Snp-a.595; Sdhp.551
■ nt. maṅgalaṃ good omen auspices, festivity Snp.258; Vin.ii.129; Pv-a.17. A curious …

…Mil.54.

• -kāra a jeweller Mil.331; Dhp-a.ii.152.
• -kuṇḍala a jewelled earring,…

the top part, best part of milk or butter, etc. i.e. cream scum; fig. essence of, the pick of, finest part of anything parisā˚; the cream of a gathering, the pick of the congregation, excellent cong …

1. circle DN.i.134 (paṭhavi˚, cp. puthavi˚ Snp.990); Vism.143 (˚ṃ karoti to draw a circle, in simile), Vism.174 (tipu˚ & rajata˚ lead- & silver circle, in kasiṇa practice); Vv-a.147 (of a fan = tāla …

adjective

1. circular Thag.863 (maṇḍali-pākāra).
2. having a disk, orbed (of the sun) SN.i.51 = Vv-a.116.

fr. maṇḍala

…Vism.339 sq (in simile); Dhp-a.i.112; Dhp-a.ii.45; Dhp-a.iii.206 (˚kāraka); Pv-a.74, Pv-a.171, Pv-a.194; Vv-a.173.

cp. late…

fat SN.i.124; Snp.196; Ja.iii.484 (ajakaraṃ medaṃ = ajakara-medaṃ C.); Kp iii. (explained at Vism.262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid or gelatine); Vism.361 Vb-a.66, Vb-a.225, Vb-a.245, …

to love, to be fat: “mejjati mettā siniyhatī ti attho” love, amity, sympathy, friendliness, active interest in others. There are var. def^ns & explains of mettā: the stereotype “*metti mettā …

adverb wrongly, in a wrong way, wrong-, false Snp.438 (laddho yaso), Snp.815 (paṭipajjati leads a wrong course of life, almost syn with anariyaṃ. Illustrated by “pāṇaṃ hanati, adinnaṃ ādiyati, sandhi …

…by “dve janā dve kalaha-kāraka” etc.).

• -bheda [evidently in meaning of mitta-bheda “break of friendship,”…

…“cause of m.,“ i.e. ˚kāraṇa, ˚paccaya Snp-a.411; cp. antara = kāraṇa under antara I 2 b.).

• -ussada quality of…

…mocetuṃ (na) sakkonti kāraṇa-vacanaṃ vā etaṃ: aññena mocetabbā (na) honti).

late Vedic & Epic Sk. mokṣa, fr.; muc, see…

…Ja.iv.478 (mucc˚); -ākāra (muñc˚) means of deliverance (dukkhato from ill) Dhp-a.i.267; -kāla time of release (dukkhā from…

…cp. Vin.v.163: na hatthavikāro kātabbo, na hattha-muddā dassetabbā.

• -ādhikaraṇa the office of the keeper of the Privy Seal…

soft-heartedness, kindliness sympathy. Often in triad mettā (“active love” Snp-a.128), karuṇā (“preventive love,” ibid.), muditā (“disinter …

…-vikāra contortion of the mouth Ja.ii.448. -vikūṇa (= vikāra grimace Snp-a.30….

…the body (the dvattiṃs-ākāraṃ) at Kp iii. (cp. Kp-a.68 in detail on mutta; do. Vism.264, Vism.362; Vb-a.68, Vb-a.225, Vb-a.248 sq. =…

…Ja.iv.478 (mucc˚); -ākāra (muñc˚) means of deliverance (dukkhato from ill) Dhp-a.i.267; -kāla time of release (dukkhā from…

I. Forms

The 2 bases muñc˚ & mucc˚; are differentiated in such a way, that muñc˚; is the active base, and mucc˚; the passive. There are however cases where the active forms (muñ …

adjective bald, shaven; a shaven, (bald-headed) ascetic, either a samaṇa, or a bhikkhu or (f.) bhikkhunī SN.i.175 (m. sanghāṭi-pāruta); Vin.iv.265 (f.); Snp.p.80 (= muṇḍita-sīsa Snp-a.402)
■ *ka …

…festoons Vv-a.188 -kāra garland-maker, florist, gardener (cp. Fick, Sociale Gleiderung 38, 182) Ja.v.292; Mil.331;…

…Snp.342. Cp. mamankāra

• -ābhisamaya full grasp (i.e. understanding) of pride (with sammā˚) MN.i.122 (which Kern.

  …

…honour or respect; reverence, respect SN.i.66; Ja.ii.138; Pp.19, Pp.22; Mil.377 (with sakkāra, vandana, pūjana & apaciti) Dhs.1121;…

to honour revere, think highly of Pv-a.54 (aor. mānesuṃ, + garukariṃsu + pūjesuṃ)
pp mānita.

Caus. of man, cp. Sk. mānayati, Lat. moneo to admonish. Ger. mahnen, Ags. mania …

lit. “held in high opinion,” i.e. honoured, worshipped SN.ii.119 (garukata m. pūjita).

pp. of a verb māni-karoti, which stands for māna-karoti, and is substituted for mānita after analogy of purakk …

…(= iddhi).

• -kāra a conjurer, magician SN.iii.142; Vism.366 (in comparison); Vb-a.196.

cp. Vedic māyā….

…(akusalā mũlā n. pl. = ākāra or patiṭṭhā Snp-a.23); Pv.ii.3#33 (sa˚ with its cause); Duka-pa.272, Kp.297, Kp.312, Kp.320; Mil.12 (&…

…Ja.v.339 (Com. cttha na-kāro upamāne). Also as naṃ (cp. cana → canaṃ) Vin.ii.81, Vin.ii.186 (kathaṃ naṃ = kathaṃ nu);…

…Cp. nāgara.

• -ūpakārikā a town fortified with a wall covered with cement at its base DN.i.105, cp. DN-a.i.274;
• -ūpama like a…

…ti paññāṇato ālokakāraṇato sommabhāvato ca nakkhattānaṃ mukhaṃ cando ti vutto); DN.i.10 (nakkhattānaṃ pathagamanaṃ &…

…DN.i.51 (+ pesakāra & kumbhakāra); Ja.v.291; Thag-a.28; Pv-a.175 (+ vilīvakāra); Dhp-a.i.177; *…

1. the nose Ja.v.166 (= nāsā Com.).
2. = ˚kamma medical treatment through the nose Vin.iii.83 (deti).

• -kamma nose-treatment, consisting in the application of hot oil (DN-a.i.9 …

Nava¹

(num.) number nine. gen
■ dat. navannaṃ (Snp.p.87) instr
■ abl. navahi (Vv-a.76), loc. navasu.

Meaning and Application: The primitive-Aryan importance of the “mystic” nine i …

…DN.i.51 (+ pesakāra & kumbhakāra); Ja.v.291; Thag-a.28; Pv-a.175 (+ vilīvakāra); Dhp-a.i.177; *…

plough SN.i.115; SN.iii.155; AN.iii.64; Snp.77 (yuga˚ yoke & plough); Snp.p.13; Ja.i.57; Thig.441 (= sīra Thag-a.270); Snp-a.146; Vv-a.63 Vv-a.65; Pv-a.133 (dun˚ hard to plough); Dhp-a.i.223 (ay …

dancer, player, mimic, actor Vin.iv.285; SN.iv.306 sq. Dhp-a.iv.60 (˚dhītā), Dhp-a.iv.65 (˚karaka), Dhp-a.iv.224 (˚kīḷā); Mil.359 (˚naccaka); Sdhp.380
■ Cp. naṭaka & nāṭaka.

Sk. naṭa dial. ṭ, cp …

adjective rich, wealthy DN.i.136, DN.i.142 (read nevāsika cp. naivasika Mvu.iii.38); AN.v.149 (variant reading BB nerayika, Com. nevāsiko ti nivāsakaro).

fr. nicaya

…Vin.iv.7 (+ veṇa & rathakāra); SN.i.93 (˚kula); AN.i.107; AN.ii.85; Ja.ii.36 Ja.iii.330; Ja.iv.397, Ja.iv.413; Ja.v.110, Ja.v.337; Ja.vi.71;…

sword Ja.ii.77 (˚vara-dhārin; C. nettiṃsā vuccanti khaggā); Ja.iv.118 (C. gives it as adj. = nikkaruṇa merciless; & says “khaggassa nāmaṃ”); Ja.vi.188 (˚varadhārin).

cp. Sk. nistriṃśa, Halāyudha 2, …

Ni˚

Nearly all (ultimately prob. all) words under this heading are compounds with the pref. ni.

A. Forms

1. Pāli ni˚; combines the two prefixes ni, nis (nir). They ar …

adjective steady, unchanged, steadfast; persevering Ja.i.66; Pv-a.178, Pv-a.253 (+ nicca); Snp-a.189, Snp-a.497; Vism.311.

nis + vikāra

…nibbindiya Ja.v.121 (˚kārin) 2. vid: Pot. nibbide (variant reading BB nibbije) Ja.v.368 (= nibbindeyya Com.); ger…

adjective not self-indulgent, self-denying, meek, tame, gentle Ja.ii.210 (dametvā nibbisevanaṃ katvā), Ja.ii.351; Ja.v.34, Ja.v.381, Ja.v.456; Ja.vi.255; Dhp-a.i.288 (cittaṃ ujuṃ akuṭilaṃ n. karoti …

adjective (lit.) extinguished (of fire), cooled, quenched (fig. desireless (often with nicchāta & sītibhūta), appeased pleased, happy

1. (lit.) aggi anāhāro n. MN.i.487; Snp.19 (ginī n. = magga-sali …

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

means of extinguishing, extinction, quenching SN.i.188 (cittaṃ pariḍayhati: nibbāpanaṃ brūhi = allayment of the glow); AN.iv.320 (celassa n˚āya chandaṃ karoti: try to put out the burning cloth); Mil.3 …

adjective constant, continuous, permanent DN.iii.31; SN.i.142; SN.ii.109, SN.ii.198; SN.iv.24 sq., SN.iv.45, SN.iv.63; AN.ii.33, AN.ii.52 AN.v.210; Pts.ii.80; Vb.335, Vb.426. In chain of synonyms nicc …

without skin, excoriated, in -ṃ karoti to flog skinless, to beat the skin off Ja.iii.281. niccamma-gāvī “a skinless cow,” used in a well-known simile at SN.ii.99, referred to at Vism.341 & Vism …

…Vb.13, Vb.64, Vb.70 sq. (sa˚, a˚); Vv-a.12, Vv-a.13; Pv-a.26, Pv-a.121 (pucchanākāra˚), Pv-a.226 (paccakkhabhūtaṃ n “sign,…

…remove Snp.281 = Mil.414 (kāraṇḍavaṃ) Snp.282 (˚itvā pāpicche), Snp.962 (malaṃ = pajahati (Mnd.478); Dhp.239 (id.); Mil.43
pp…

…(upadhi˚ = hetuka, paccayā kāraṇā Cnd.346); Cnd.872 (icchā˚) etc.; Vv-a.117 (vimānāni Rājagaha˚ playing at or referring to R.) 3….

…ill-fated, bad, unfortunate, miserable Ja.iii.538 (variant reading BB as gloss, nikkāruṇika); Ja.iv.48 (variant reading BB nikatika).

Sk….

favourable disposition, kindness, indulgence Ja.iv.495 (˚ṃ karoti = khamāpeti Com.; text reads nijjhapana).

Sk. *nidhyāpana, ni + jhāpana, Caus. to jhāpeti

multitude Dāvs v.25 (jātipuppha˚).

Sk. nikara, ni + karoti

or is it ˚aṃ?) = nikati (fraud) Pp.19, Pp.23 (as syn. of māyā).

to bring down, humiliate, to deceive, cheat Snp.138 (nikubbetha Pot. = vañceyya Kp-a.247). pp. nikata (q.v.).

Sk. nikaroti, ni + karoti

adjective deceived, cheated MN.i.511 (+ vañcita paladdha); SN.iv.307 (+ vañcita paluddha).

Sk. nikṛta, ni + karoti “done down”

…paresaṃ vikāro)
■ instr. nikatiyā (metri causa) Ja.i.223, nikatyā Ja.ii.183, nikacca SN.i.24. Cp…

Err:509

adjective without compassion, heartless Snp.244 (= sattānaṃ anatthakāma); Sdhp.508.

nis + karuṇa, adj. of karuṇā

heartlessness Pv-a.55.

Sk. niṣkaruṇatā; nis + karuṇā

to throw out Vin.iv.274 (Caus. nikkaḍḍhāpeti ibid.) Ja.i.116; Ja.ii.440; Snp-a.192. pp. nikkaḍḍhita.

Sk. niṣkarṣati, nis + kasati, cp. kaḍḍhati

adjective thrown out Ja.ii.103 (gehā); Pv-a.179 (read ḍḍh for ḍḍ).

Sk. *niṣkarṣita see nikkaḍḍhati

… ■Ja.i.236 sarīra ˚ṁ kāresi had the body laid out; Dīpavaṁsa.xvii.109 (identical). Vism 618 (= cuti) Dhp-a.ii.98 (sarīra˚) DN-a.i.50…

Err:508

…-kāra read by Kern (

Toevoegselen

174. at Thag.1271 for na kāmakāra but unjustified (see Snp-a on…

service, humility Ja.iii.120 (nikāra-pakāra, prob. to be read nipaccākāra, q.v.).

Sk. nikāra in diff. meaning, ni + kāra

…nikāyehi atthañ ca kāraṇañ ca ākaḍḍhitvā). The five Nikāyas are enumerated also at Vism.711; one is referred to at…

…but right in variant reading), explained as “tisūlâdi-ankakaraṇena lañchakā ca lakkhaṇakārakā ti attho” (p 366). cp….

…but right in variant reading), explained as “tisūlâdi-ankakaraṇena lañchakā ca lakkhaṇakārakā ti attho” (p 366). cp….

…Cnd.659; Dhs-a.53 (= ākāra). See below n-gāhin & animitta.; nimittaṃ parivajjeti to discard the phenomenal SN.i.188; Snp.341. 3. mark,…

Nimujjā (nimmujjā)

diving, immersion, in cpd. ummujja-nimujja(ṃ karoti) DN.i.78. See ummujjā

Sk. *nimajj-yā

to crush, subdue humiliate; insult DN.i.92 (variant reading -maddeti; = DN-a.i.257 nimmadati nimmāne karoti), Dhp.93, Dhp.96.

either = Sk. nirmṛdayati (mṛd) or *nirmādayati to nirmada. free fr …

Nimujjā (nimmujjā)

diving, immersion, in cpd. ummujja-nimujja(ṃ karoti) DN.i.78. See ummujjā

Sk. *nimajj-yā

Nipacc-ākāra

obedience, humbleness, service SN.i.178; SN.v.233; AN.v.66; Ja.i.232 Ja.iv.133; Vv-a.22, Vv-a.320; Pv-a.12….

…p. 121: nikārapakārā (= nipaccakārā?) upasaggā (upasajja?) dāmase (dā) ti attho; endorsed by Müller, P.G. p. 97 & Kern,

…

at Vin.i.200 read nippakka. Nipacc-akara

adjective of no flavour, tasteless, useless Ja.i.340.

nis + pakāra 2

…perform Ja.i.185 (lābhasakkāraṃ); Ja.v.81; Mil.299; Vv-a.32, Vv-a.72 (grd. nipphādetabba, Name of ablative case); Sdhp.319, Sdhp.426
pp…

adjective fond of, attached to (-˚) SN.i.133; DN-a.i.250; Pv-a.5 (duccarita˚), Pv-a.89, Pv-a.161 (hitakaraṇa˚).

pp. of niramati

…boiled) by terrible ordeals (kāraṇāni) similar to & partly identical with those of Hades & Tartarus. There are a great number of hells, of which…

Niraṅkaroti & nirākaroti

to think little of, despise, neglect, disregard, repudiate throw away, ruin, destroy Thag.478; Iti.83 (nirākare) Ja.iii.280 = Ja.v.498; Ja.iv.302; Pv.iii.9#6 (= chaḍḍeti paja …

adjective useless Ja.ii.103.

nis + upakāra

Nirākaroti

see nirankaroti.

Niraṅkaroti & nirākaroti

to think little of, despise, neglect, disregard, repudiate throw away, ruin, destroy Thag.478; Iti.83 (nirākare) Ja.iii.280 = Ja.v.498; Ja.iv.302; Pv.iii.9#6 (= chaḍḍeti paja …

to spend, bestow, give, give up Pv-a.105 (dānûpakaraṇā nisajjesi read better as ˚karaṇǡni sajjesi). See also nissajjati.

sic MSS. for niss˚; Sk. niḥsarjayati, nis + sajjeti, …

…sutvā). Esp. in phrase n- kārin acting considerately Dhp.24 (= Dhp-a.i.238); Ja.iii.106; Ja.vi.375; Mil.3; cp. n. kiriyāya Mil.59. Cp….

…(dhamma˚), AN.iv.36 (id.) AN.iv.296; AN.v.166 (dhamma˚); Dpvs.i.53 (˚kāra). Cp. nisamma & nisāmeti.

Sk. *niśānti, ni + śam

to resort to, practise, pursue, follow, indulge in Ja.ii.106; Snp.821 (= Mnd.157); Pv.ii.3#19 (= karoti Pv-a.87); Mil.359
pp nisevita.

ni + sev

that on which anything depends, support help, protection; endowment, resource, requisite, supply foundation, reliance on (acc. or-˚) Vin.i.58 (the four resources of bhikkhu, viz. piṇḍiyālopa-bhojana …

preposition accusative leaning on (in all fig. meanings) Cnd.368 (= upanissāya, ārammaṇaṃ ālambanaṃ karitvā).

1. near, near by, on, at Ja.i.167 (pāsānapiṭṭhaṃ), Ja.i.221 (padumasaraṃ); Pv-a.24 (bāhā …

(better: nitthaddhana) neuter paralysing DN.i.11 (jīvhā˚ = mantena jivhāya thaddhakaraṇa DN-a.i.96 variant reading (gloss) nibandhana).

Sk. *niṣṭambhana, abstr. fr. ni + thaddha = making rigid

adjective

1. without energy Vism.596.
2. “put out, abashed, put to shame, in -ṃ karoti to make blush or put to shame Ja.ii.94 (lajjāpeti +).

cp. Sk. nistejas only in meaning 1; nis + teja

1. (of thunati¹) moan, groan DN-a.i.291 (as variant reading BB for nitthanana)-
2. (of thunati²) blame, censure, curse Pv-a.76 (˚ṃ karoti to revile or curse).

Sk. *nis-stan …

food thrown (for feeding), fodder, bait; gift, portion, ration MN.i.151 sq. (Nivāpa-sutta); Ja.i.150; Ja.iii.271; Dhp-a.i.233 (share); Dhp-a.iii.303; Vv-a.63 (diguṇaṃ ˚ṃ pacitvā cooking a double p …

…ordered Dhs-a.47; Pv-a.20 (janapade), Pv-a.124 (dānâdhikāre), Pv-a.127 (dāne).

pp. of niyuñjati

…ordered Dhs-a.47; Pv-a.20 (janapade), Pv-a.124 (dānâdhikāre), Pv-a.127 (dāne).

pp. of niyuñjati

adjective leading out (of saṃsāra), leading to salvation, salutary, sanctifying, saving profitable DN.i.235, DN.i.237; SN.i.220; SN.v.82, SN.v.166, SN.v.255, SN.v.379 sq. Ja.i.48 (a˚), Ja.i.106; Dhs.2 …

1. a serpent or Nāga demon, playing a prominent part in Buddh. fairy-tales, gifted with miraculous powers & great strength. They often act as fairies are classed with other divinities (see *[devatā]( …

…(id.); Vv-a.22 (read nāma kāro); Pv-a.76 app’ (= api) eva n. thus indeed, forsooth Vin.i.16; Iti.89 = MN.i.460; Ja.i.168; Pv.ii.2#6 (=…

…nānā + agga), nānappakāra etc. see below.

• -agga (-rasa) all the choicest delicacies Ja.i.266 (˚bhojana, of food);…

adjective low, inferior, humble (opp. ucca high, fr. adv. ud˚) Vin.i.46, Vin.i.47; Vin.ii.194; DN.i.109, DN.i.179 DN.i.194; AN.v.82; Snp-a.424 (nīcaṃ karoti to degrade); passim.

*\ …

shine, splendour, light, lustre, effulgence; appearance. In clairvoyant language also “aura (see Cpd. 214¹ with C. expl^n. “rays emitted from the body on account of insight”)-D …

Obhāsati¹

to shine, to be splendid Pv.i.2#1 (= pabhāseti vijjoteti Pv-a.10)
caus obhāseti to make radiant or resplendent to illumine, to fill with light or splendo …

…(id. = ratt’ andhakāre); Thag.477 (anoggatasmiṃ suriyasmiṃ).

pp. of avagacchati: spelling gg on acct. of contrast with uggata, cp….

…(referring to kabalinkār’āhāra. The compound form is oja, e.g. ojadāna Ja.v.243 ojaṭṭhamaka (rūpa) Vism.341

Vedic ojas nt., also…

Avakassati & okassati

to drag down, to draw or pull away, distract, remove
■ AN.v.74 = Vin.ii.204 (+ vavakassati).

cp. Sk. avakarṣati, ava + kṛṣ; see also apakassati & avakaḍḍhati

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor. avākiri Vv.30#5 = Vv.48#5 (variant reading ˚kari; Vv-a …

…prefers folly, vanity, and this suits the context better.

o + kāra fr. karoti, BSk. okāra, e.g. Mvu.iii.357

… caus 2 ˚ṃ kārāpeti Vin.i.114, Vin.i.170. katokāsa given permission (to speak), admitted in audience granted leave Snp.1031;…

…Snp.1030; anavakāsakārin not giving occasion Mil.383
■ anavakāsa not having a chance or opportunity (to happen), impossible;…

…covered Vin.ii.150, Vin.ii.270 sq. (˚mañca, ˚pīṭha); MN.ii.64; Dhp.146 (andhakārena); Sdhp.182. See also onayhati.

pp….

adjective “with wings off” i.e. having one’s wings clipped, powerless AN.i.188 (˚ṃ karoti to deprive of one’s wings or strength; so read for T. opapakkhiṃ karoti).

o + pakkhin, adj. fr. pakkha wing, …

in phrase -ṃ karoti at AN.i.188 read opakkhiṃ karoti to deprive of one’s wings, to render powerless.

to put forth, bring to an end, settle, put down, fix, decide SN.i.81 (fut. osāpayissāmi; vv.ll. oyayiss˚ and obhāyiss˚ Ud.66 (T. otarissāmi? vv.ll. obhāyiss˚, otāy˚ & osāy˚ C. paṭipajjissāmi karissāmi …

…Mil.203 (kāraṇaṃ), Mil.349 (lekhaṃ to compose a letter). 3. (t.t.) to restore a bhikkhu who has undergone penance…

…Dhp-a.iii.21 (gloss okāra & okāsa); cp. avatāraṃ labhati Divy.144, Divy.145 etc. 2. access, fig. inclination to, being at home with,…

1. girdle, waistband MN.ii.47; Ja.iii.285 (variant reading ovaddhi˚); Vism.312; Dhp-a.ii.37 Dhp-a.iv.206; DN-a.i.218 (Morris, J.P.T.S. 1887, 156: a kind of bag).
2. a bracelet Vin.ii.106 (= vaḷayaṃ …

advice, instruction, admonition, exhortation Vin.i.50 = Vin.ii.228; Vin.ii.255 Vin.iv.52; DN.i.137 (˚paṭikara, function of a king); Ja.iii.256 (anovādakara one who cannot be helped by advice, cp ovada …

one who makes light, one who lights up, light-bringer (often as epithet of the Buddha) SN.i.51 (quoted at Vv-a.116), SN.i.210; AN.ii.51 sq.; Iti.80; Ja.iii.128; Snp.991, Snp.1136 (= ālokakara obhāsa …

to illumine, pervade with light, enlighten Dhp.172 (= obhāseti Dhp-a.iii.169), Dhp.382 (= obhāseti ekālokaṃ karoti Dhp-a.iv.137); Ja.i.87; Pv.i.10#9 (so read for ca bh˚); Pv.ii.1#12; Pts.i.174; Mil. …

nodding, wavering (of the eyelids), blinking, being sleepy Dhs.1157 (= akkhidalādīnaṃ pacalabhāvaṃ karoti Dhs-a.378).

abstr. fr. pacalāyati

…Mil.96 (˚purisa-kāra); Dhs-a.169; Vv-a.9, Vv-a.13; Pv-a.232.

• -vacana expression of separate relation, i.e….

…Pv-a.226.

• -ākāra the mode of causes, i.e. the Paṭiccasamuppāda Dhs-a.2, Dhs-a.3; Vb-a.130 sq. (cp….

going out to, meeting, receiving Ja.iv.321; Pv-a.61, Pv-a.141 (˚ṃ karoti).

fr. preceding

Pacinati & Pacināti

1. to pick, pluck, gather, take up, collect, accumulate SN.iii.89 SN.iv.74 (dukkhaṃ = ācināti p. 73); Dhp.47, Dhp.48 (pupphāni ocinati Dhp-a.i.366); Ja.iii.22; fut. pacinissati Dh …

Pacinati & Pacināti

1. to pick, pluck, gather, take up, collect, accumulate SN.iii.89 SN.iv.74 (dukkhaṃ = ācināti p. 73); Dhp.47, Dhp.48 (pupphāni ocinati Dhp-a.i.366); Ja.iii.22; fut. pacinissati Dh …

…stanza, line Ja.v.116 (= kāraṇa-padāni C.).

Padaka²

neuter in cpd. aṭṭha˚; an “eight-foot,” i.e. a small inset…

adjective

1. “to the right,” in phrase padakkhiṇaṃ karoti (with acc. of object) to hold (a person, etc.) to one’s right side, i.e. to go round so as to keep the right side turned to a person, a mod …

…but adds “veyyāvaccakārikā padacārikā”); Ja.v.327 (as baddhañcara; C. veyyāvacca-kara); Ja.vi.268 (˚ā female servant = C….

…Pv-a.47; Sdhp.252.

• -kārin effecting a limited extent SN.v.201.
• -ñāṇa knowledge within a…

adjective consisting of feet or parts, -fold; dvādasa˚ twelve fold Ja.i.75 (paccayākāra).

fr. pada 1; cp. padaka³

1. a light Dhp.146; Vv.46#2 (jalati blazes); Tikp.14; Mil.40; Vv-a.51 (padīpaṃ ujjāletvā lighting a lamp, making a light); Pv-a.38 Sdhp.250.
2. a lamp Snp.235 (nibbanti dhīrā yath âyaṃ p.); Dhp-a.i …

adjective learned, full of knowledge, clever, well-acquainted, familiar DN.iii.170; Vv.53#2 (= nipuṇa Vv-a.232); Ja.ii.243; Ja.iv.130; Ja.v.399; Vism.95 (Majjhimo me paguṇo: I am well versed in the …

fixing one’s attention on, planning, designing, scheme, arrangement Snp.945 (cp Mnd.72 Mnd.186, where two pakappanā’s, viz. taṇhā˚ diṭṭhi˚; at Mnd.429 it is synonymous with taṇhā Bdhgh has reading pak …

1. performance, undertaking paragraph (of the law) DN.i.98 (“offence”? see Dial. i.120); SN.iii.91; Mil.189.
2. occasion Vin.i.44 Vin.ii.75; Vin.iii.20.
3. exposition, arrangement, literary work, co …

to effect, perform, prepare, make, do SN.i.24 (pakubbati); Snp.254 (id.), Snp.781, Snp.790 (ppr. med. pakubbamāna; cp. Mnd.65); Iti.21 (puññaṃ); Snp-a.169 (pakurute, corresponding with sevati)
pp * …

1. original or natural form, natural state or condition (lit. make-up); as ˚- = primary original, real Vin.i.189; Vin.ii.113; Ja.i.146 (˚vesena in her usual dress); Kp-a.173 (˚kammakara, ˚jeṭṭhaput …

adjective troublesome, annoying; (m.) a troubler worrier SN.i.174 (variant reading pagaṇḍaka; C. rasagiddha; trsl “pertinacious”).

pa + kaṭṭha + ka; kaṭṭha pp. of kṛṣ, cp. Sk. prakarṣaka of same …

Pakkha¹

1. side of the body, flank wing, feathers (cp. pakkhin), in compounds -biḷāla a flying fox (sort of bat) Bdhgh on ulūka-camma at Vin.i.186 (MV. Vin.v.2, 4; cp. Vin. Texts ii.1 …

Pakubb˚

see pakaroti.

…food) tasty Snp.241 (kathappakāro tava āmagandho); Mil.63. 3. (-˚) of a kind by way of, in nānā˚; (adj.) various, manifold Ja.i.52…

(-˚) adjective of that kind SN.ii.81; Ja.vi.259.

fr. pakāra

to direct one’s thought towards (dat.) Ja.vi.307.

Denom. fr. pakāra

fallen, got or sunk into (-˚ or loc.) Vin.i.301 (muttakarīse); DN.ii.24 (id.); MN.i.45 (palipa˚) = Cnd.651 B; MN.i.88; Ja.vi.8 Vism.49 (muttakarīse).

for paripanna, pp. of paripajjati

…ti tīh’ākārehi pallatthaṃ etc.; see under *ti*˚). Cp. ti˚, vi˚.

Sk. *paryasta, pari + pp. of as to…

adjective running away Ja.ii.210 (˚ṃ karoti to put to flight).

fr. palāy

only neg. ap˚; immeasurableness Vb.272 sq. (catasso appamaññāyo viz. mettā, karuṇā, muditā, upekhā). See appamaññā.

abstr. fr. pamāṇa, for *pamānyā, grd. form. of pa + *[mā …

…infatuation, fascination Snp.841 (variant reading Nd i.sammoha) Mnd.193 (+ sammoha andhakāra); Ja.vi.358; Ja.vi.358 Pp.21; Dhs.390, Dhs.1061.

pa…

loosening, setting free or loose, in cpd. -kara deliverer SN.i.193 = Thag.1242 (bandhana˚)-adj. dup˚; difficult to be freed SN.i.77; Snp.773; Dhp.346; Ja.ii.140.

fr. pa + muc

1. measure, size, amount SN.ii.235; AN.i.88; AN.iii.52, AN.iii.356 sq.; AN.v.140 sq. Mil.285 (cp. trsl. ii.133, n. 2); Snp-a.137; Vv-a.16; Pv-a.55 (ghaṭa˚), Pv-a.70 (ekahattha˚), Pv-a.99 (*tāla …

1. obstacle, impediment, a burden which causes delay hindrance, delay Dhp-a.i.18; Dhp-a.ii.91 (kathā˚). ˚ṃ karoti to delay, to tarry Ja.iv.145; ˚ṃ akatvā without delay Ja.i.260; Ja.vi.392
   ■ ati …

…(papatā ti kho lābha-sakkāra-silokass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ; cp. SN.iii.109: sobbho papāto kodh’ ûpāyāsass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ);…

…serving others Vv.33#22. -kāra see below under parankāra. -kula clan of another, strange or alien clan…

1. earned money, earnings, wages Ja.i.156 (˚ṃ datvā), Ja.i.296 (id.), Ja.i.433, Ja.iv.170; Dhp-a.iv.196.
2. expense, expenditure Ja.ii.213 (nivāsa˚ expense for a lodging), Ja.ii.249, Ja.ii.368; Ja.ii …

1. exact determination, circumscription range, definition, connotation, measure Ja.iii.371; Vism.184 (as one of the nimittas of the body), Vism.236 (referring to the 5 nimittas of the life-principle) …

…Ja.iv.35 (veyyāvacca-kārikā p.), Ja.iv.79; Ja.v.420; Pv.ii.12#6 (= veyyāvacca-kārinī Pv-a.157); Pv-a.46 2. care, attention;…

…armlet, bracelet Vv-a.167 (variant reading ˚haraṇa; explained as hatthālaṅkāra.) See also parihāraka.

fr. pari…

…Snp-a.52.

• -kāraka one who ministers to or looks after a person attendant; one who makes preparations Thig.411…

Parikanta¹

cut open Vin.iii.89 (kucchi p.). See also parikatta & cp. Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v (misreading for ˚katta?)
■ Note. Reading parikantaṃ upāhanaṃ at Ja.vi.51 is with varian …

“doing round,” i.e. girdle, loincloth Ja.iv.149; Dhp-a.i.352
■ In cpd. ovāda˚ it is variant reading SS at DN.i.137 for paṭikara (q.v.).

fr. pari + kṛ; a similar formation …

to surround, serve, wait upon, do service for Ja.iv.405 (= parivāreti C.); Ja.v.353 (id.), Ja.v.381 Ja.vi.592. Cp. parikara & parikkhāra.

pari + kṛ.

1. to drag about SN.i.44, cp. Dhs-a.68.
2. sweep away, carry away Dhp-a.ii.275 (mah’ ogho viya parikassamāno, variant reading ˚kaḍḍhamāno)

pass parikissati (q.v.).

pari + …

to strew or scatter about, to surround SN.i.185 = Thag.1210; aor. parikiri Ja.vi.592 (variant reading for parikari, see parikaroti)
pp parikiṇṇa (q.v.) …

strewing about, trsl^d “consecrating sites” DN.i.12 (vatthu-kamma + vatthu˚; variant reading paṭi˚; explained at DN-a.i.98 as “idañ c’ idañ ca āharathā ti vatvā tattha balikamma-karaṇaṃ” …

*Parikkharoti

lit. to do all round, i.e. to make up, equip, adorn (cp. parikaroti); pp. parikkhata² (q.v.); see also parikkhāra.

pariṣ + kṛ.

…Ja.i.148 (sāṇiṃ); Ja.ii.88 (sāṇi-pākāraṃ).

pari + kṣip

…(variant reading for pariyanta as in Pv.i.10#13) Vism.71 (of gāma); Thag-a.70; Dhp-a.i.42 (pākāra˚); Pv-a.52 (= pariyanta Pv.i.10#13),…

…AN.iv.106 sq. (cp. nagarûpakārikā DN.i.105); satta samādhi˚ DN.ii.216; MN.iii.71; AN.iv.40; soḷasa˚ (adj.) of…

…Also in phrase ˚ṃ kārāpeti (of hair) Vin.ii.134 “to cut off (? the hair in front” (i.e. on the breast) Vin. Texts iii.138 where…

…MN.i.64, MN.i.66 sq.

• -kārin completing fulfilling, making complete, doing to the full MN.i.33 sq. MN.i.64; SN.v.201;…

to go about to (with inf. or dat.), to endeavour, undertake try Vin.ii.18 = AN.iv.345 (alābhāya); Ja.i.173 (vadhāya); Ja.ii.394; Pv.iv.5#2 (= payogaṃ karoti Pv-a.259).

pari + sakkati

…(paccekabuddhehi ˚ṃ kārāpeti makes them find a safeguard through the P.); Ja.iv.31 (osadhaṃ vā ˚ṃ vā); Mil.150 (f. & nt.)
■…

…ādisampannaṃ pākāraparikkhittaṃ dvārakoṭṭhaka-yuttaṃ āvāsaṃ); Dhp-a.i.260 (pāsāda˚). 2. a cell or private chamber…

…consideration MN.ii.170 (ākāra˚), Vin.ii.74; SN.ii.115 (id.); AN.ii.193 (id.); Mil.13; Dhp-a.ii.62; Dhs-a.74; Vv-a.3; Pv-a.282 (vutta-˚e…

to cover, encompass, surround Ja.i.181 (nagaraṃ ˚ayiṃsu); Ja.ii.102 (fut. ˚essati), Ja.iii.371 (rukkhaṃ); Ja.iv.405 (for parikaroti); Ja.vi.179. ger. parivāretvā used as prep. …

1. adequacy, accomplishment, sufficiency capability, competency; indriya-paro˚; efficiency in the (knowledge of) thoughts of others SN.v.205; Ne.101 Three accomplishments are distinguished at DN-a …

1. (Pass. exhausted, finished, put an end to, consummated Vin.i.25 (tejo); DN.ii.8 = MN.iii.118; SN.ii.133 sq. (dukkhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ +); SN.v.461 sq
   ■ neg. apariyādinna not finished, not exhaus …

…reason, cause, way (= kāraṇa) DN.i.185 (iminā ˚ena), DN.i.186 (id.); DN.ii.339 (ayaṃ p. yena ˚ena); DN-a.i.106…

adverb beyond, further, above, more than, upwards of; only ˚-in connection with numerals (cp. Vedic use of paras with acc. of numerals) e.g. paropaññāsa more th an.50; DN.ii.93; parosataṃ more …

Parā˚

prefix prep meaning “on to,” “over” (with the idea of mastering) also “through, throughout.” The ā is shortened before double consonant, like parā + kṛ; = parakkaroti, parā kram = parakkam …

see parakkaroti (paraṃ˚? or parā?).

…Mil.210 (okassa + ; for okkassa?). Also in cpd. pasayha-kārin using force Ja.iv.309; Ja.v.425.

pa + sah

1. hanging on, inclination, attachment to Kp-a.18; Pv-a.130.
2. occasion, event; loc. pasaṅge at the occasion of (-˚), instead of Kp-a.213 (karaṇavacana˚, where Pv-a.30 in id. p. reads karaṇ’ a …

at Ja.vi.530 is doubtful; it is explained in C. together with saṃsādiyā (a certain kind of rice: sūkara-sāli), yet the C. seems to take it as “bhūmiyaṃ patita”; variant reading …

…cases are the foll.: patikāra, ˚kuṭati, ˚caya ˚dissati, ˚nandati, ˚manteti, ˚māneti, ˚ruddha, ˚rūpa ˚līna, ˚sallāna, etc….

aiming at, wish, desire, request aspiration, prayer SN.ii.99, SN.ii.154; AN.i.224; AN.iii.47; AN.v.212 Mnd.316, Mnd.337 (p. vuccati taṇhā); Cnd.112; Ne.18, Ne.27; Dhs.1059; Mil.3; Snp-a.47, Snp-a.50 …

…requested, sought after Snp.836; Mil.227, Mil.361; Dhp-a.iv.201; Pv-a.47 (˚ākāra of the desired kind, as wished for) Sdhp.79 (a˚).

pp. of…

…-kārika (for ˚kārika, of prec.) a foot soldier, lit. one of a body of infantry Ja.iv.134; Ja.v.100; Ja.vi.15 (hatthāruhā…

…Snp.418; a form pattikārika is found, e.g. at Ja.iv.134; Ja.v.100; Ja.vi.15 Ja.vi.463; Tha-ap.316.

fr. patti¹ cp….

to make go forth, to bring over or through MN.i.225; AN.iii.432 (variant reading M. pakaroti)-aor. patārayi in meaning “strive” at Ja.iii.210 (= patarati vāyamati C. but Rhys Davids. “to get away f …