…others Pv.iii.7#3. -hita the good or welfare of others (opp. attahita) DN.iii.233; Pv-a.16, Pv-a.163….

…related in meaning is ahita “that which is not good or profitable,” usually opposed to sukha hita. It is freq. in the…

…sutthū ti ādinā mayena hita-sukh’ âvippayogakāmatā muditā Snp-a.128); e.g. at DN.i.251; SN.v.118; AN.i.196 etc. (see…

…avassaya, avasseti, ˚hita, avāpurīyati avekkhati 2. abhi. The similarity between abhi & ava is seen from a comparison of meaning abhi;…

…cp. Dpvs.ii.11.

• -hita personal welfare one’s own good (opp. para˚) DN.iii.233; AN.ii.95 sq. *…

…san˚, samā˚, etc. pp. hita.

Sk. dadhāti to put down, set up; *dhe = Gr. τίχημι, Lat. facio, Ohg. tuon, Ags. dōn…

Initial o in Pali may represent a Vedic o or a Vedic au (see ojas, ogha, etc.). Or it may be guṇa of u (see oḷārika opakammika, etc.). But it is usually a prefix representing Vedi …

Pali˚

round, around (= pari) only as prefix in cpds (q.v.). Often we find both pari˚ & pali˚ in the same word.

a variant of pari˚, to be referred to the Māgadhī dialect in which it is found most fre …

…Vv.84#26 ; Pv.i.5#12 (= hita samiddha Pv-a.30); Vv-a.18 (˚pabhāva = mahānubhāva); Thag-a.173, Thag-a.280; Pv-a.5, Pv-a.6 Pv-a.7,…

…Only in foll. phrases: hita˚; full of solicitude for the welfare of SN.v.86; Snp.693; Pv.iii.7#6 sabbapāṇa-bhūta-hita˚; id….

…harvested, borne home Thag.381 (vīhi).

ati + hṛ; pp. of atiharati, hita unusual for hata, perhaps through analogy with Sk. abhi + dhā

…Mil.199 (˚kāma). Ahirika & Ahirika;

a + hita

…exegesis Pv-a.1

• -saṁhita connected with good, bringing good, profitable, useful, salutary DN.i.189 SN.ii.223 SN.iv.330 SN.v.417…

…fr. karuṇā (which is “ahita-dukkh-âpanayakāmatā”) as “hita-sukh-ûpanaya-kāmatā,” i.e. desire of bringing welfare & good to…

…AN.iii.156 (laṇḍa˚ dung-producing) DN-a.i.273; Vv-a.194; Pv-a.278 (hita˚). 4. materials instrument Vv-a.349; Pv-a.199.

fr. sādh

adjective satiated MN.i.30; Ja.i.266, Ja.i.361; Ja.v.384; Mil.249.

su + hita

…Snp-a.500
■ Opp. ahita AN.i.194; MN.i.332.

• -ānukampin friendly & compassionate DN.i.4, DN.i.227; Snp.693;…

…Mhvs.4, Mhvs.6 (sabbesaṃ hita-mānasā with the intention of common welfare); Mhvs.32, Mhvs.56 (rañño hāsesi mānasaṃ gladdened the heart…

…Pv.ii.7#18 (= mātu hita Pv-a.104 variant reading mett˚). Spelling at DN.iii.72 is metteyya. It is difficult to decide about correct…

…Pv.ii.7#18 (= mātu hita Pv-a.104 variant reading mett˚). Spelling at DN.iii.72 is metteyya. It is difficult to decide about correct…

…Snp.73 explains k˚ as “ahita-dukkh-âpanaya-kāmatā,” the desire of removing bane and sorrow (from one’s fellowmen), whilst mettā is…

In Pali Literature the Asuras are classed among the inferior deities together with the supaṇṇas, gandhabbas, yakkhas, garuḍas and nāgas. Rebirth as an Asura is considered as one of the four …

to be greedy Cnd.77 (abhigijjhati +).

pali + gijjhati

guarding, keeping Ja.i.158; Dhs.19, Dhs.82,295. Pali (Pali)

fr. pāleti cp. Epic Sanskrit pālana nt.

Majjati¹

is represented in Pali by mujjati, as found esp. in cpds ummujjati & nimujjati.

majj to immerse, submerge, cp. Lat. mergo

Majjati²

to wipe, po …

Raṃsi & Rasmi

a rein, a ray.

1. In meaning “rein only as rasmi, viz. at MN.i.124; Dhp.222; Ja.i.57; Ja.iv.149
2. In meaning “ray” both raṃsi and *[rasmi](/defin …

Raṃsi & Rasmi

a rein, a ray.

1. In meaning “rein only as rasmi, viz. at MN.i.124; Dhp.222; Ja.i.57; Ja.iv.149
2. In meaning “ray” both raṃsi and *[rasmi](/defin …

is represented in Pali by kanta²; katta being found only in cpd. pari˚.

pp. of kantati²; cp. Sk. kṛtta

to bend oneself over, to go crooked MN.i.387.

pali + kujjati

… pp veṭhita
■ Cp. pali˚.

Vedic veṣṭate, viṣṭ; or veṣṭ; to Lat….

1. surrounding, enveloping Ja.vi.489.
2. a turban head-dress DN.i.126; AN.i.145; AN.iii.380 (sīsa˚); Ja.v.187; Dhp-a.iv.213; Pv-a.161.
3. wrapping, clothing, wrap shawl Ja.vi.12

■ Cp. *[pali˚](/de …

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

to obstruct, withhold etc.: see pali˚.

LakkhīLacchī

Normally Lakkhī is the Pali equivalent of the goddess of luck, Lakśmī. However in the early texts the name only appears in one obscure Therīgāthā verse. Thig.421

to become, to be, exist, behave etc. (cp. Cnd.474 sambhavati jāyati nibbattati pātu-bhavati)

I. Forms

There are two bases used side by side, viz bhav˚; and (contracted) ho˚; the latte …

…-yadidaṃ: see below II. 4 b.

3. Generalizing (or distributive) use of ya: There are two modes of…

span (of 12 angulas or finger-breadths) Vin.iii.149 (dīghaso dvādasa vidatthiyo sugata-vidatthiyā); Vin.iv.279; Ja.i.337; Ja.iii.318; Mil.85; Vism.65, Vism.124, Vism.171, Vism.175, Vism.408; Dhp-a. …

*Phāṭeti

is conjectured reading for pāteti in phrase kaṭṭhaṃ pāteti MN.i.21, and in adhipāteti to split (see adhipāta & vipāta). T …

Pāceti¹

to cause to boil, fig. to cause to torment DN.i.52 (ppr. pācayato, gen., also pācento) Cp. vi˚.

Caus. of pacati

Pāceti²

to drive, urge on Dhp.135 (āyuṃ p. gopālako vi …

…taka, opposed to upabrūhita-ñāṇa-purisa, exemplifying upādāna and kamma); Dhp-a.i.5 (opp. ariyasāvaka), Dhp-a.i.445 Sdhp.363.

*…

“townbreaker,” a name of Sakka (Indra) DN.ii.260; SN.i.230; Vv.37#4, Vv.62#2; Pv-a.247.

distorted fr. Vedic puraṃ-dara, pura + dṛ; to break, see darī, thus “breaker of fortress …

indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …

(Pumā) a male, a man, nom sg. pumo D n.273; Cp.ii.6#2; instr. pumunā Ja.vi.550. nom. pl pumā DN.iii.85 (itthi-pumā men & women; variant reading K ˚purisā); Ja.iii.459; acc. sg. pumaṃ Ja.v.154 (gata, …

…Petas Pv.i.6#9; Pv.i.9#1 (lohita-pubba); Pv.i.11#8; Pv.ii.2#6. pubba-vaṭṭi a lump of matter Dhp-a.iii.117.

Vedic pūya → *pūva →…

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

Posa¹

= purisa, man (poetical form, only found in verse) Vin.i.230; SN.i.13, SN.i.205; Ja.iii.309; AN.iv.266; Snp.110, Snp.662; Dhp.104, Dhp.125 (cp Dhp-a.iii.34); Ja.v.306; Ja.vi.246, Ja …

splendidness “flower-likeness,” only in cpd. vaṇṇa-pokkharatā beauty of complexion DN.i.114; Vin.i.268; SN.i.95 SN.ii.279; AN.i.38, AN.i.86; AN.ii.203; AN.iii.90; DN-a.i.282; Kp-a.179; Vv-a.14; …

1. a lump, ball, thick (& round mass SN.i.206 (aṭṭhīyaka˚); Pv.iii.5#5 (nonīta˚); Vv-a.62 (kummāsa˚), Vv-a.65; Sdhp.529 (ayo˚).
2. a lump of food esp. of alms, alms given as food SN.i.76; Snp.217, S …

Phalika¹

a fruit vendor Mil.331.

fr. phala

Phalika² & ˚kā

feminine crystal quartz Vin.ii.112; Ja.vi.119 (˚kā = phaḷika-bhittiyo C.); Vv.35#1 (= phalika-maṇi-mayā bhittiyo …

1. a staff, stick, pole MN.iii.133 (tomara˚ goad); SN.i.115 (pācana˚ driving stick, goad); Mil.2; Dhp-a.iii.140 (kattara˚ a mendicant’s staff); Pv-a.241; Vb-a.241 (yantacakka˚); Mhvs.11, Mhvs.10 (v …

Phusati¹

1. (lit.) to touch Vism.463 (phusatī ti phasso) DN-a.i.61 (aor. phusī = metri causa for phusi); Mil.157 (grd. aphusa not to be touched).
2. (fig.) pharati*, as …

…samāpatti, appaṇihita˚ samāpatti. 2. a testicle Ja.iii.124 (dantehi ˚ṃ chindati = purisabhāvaṃ nāseti to castrate); Ja.vi.237…

understanding, illumination, intelligence, readiness or confidence of speech, promptitude, wit (see on term Vin. Texts iii.13, 172; Pts. of Controversy, 378 f.) DN.i.16, DN.i.21, DN.i.23; SN.i.187 …

rice-gruel, rice-milk (to drink). See Vin. Texts ii.89. Vin.i.46 = Vin.ii.223 (sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanametabbā; yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā…), 51 (id.), Vin.ii.61 (id.), Vin.ii. …

…viz nīla, pītaka, lohitaka, kaṇha, odāta (of B’s eye) Cnd.235#I.a; others with ref. to paduma-puṇḍarīka Vv-a.41; to paduma…

to go in, to enter (acc.) Snp.668, Snp.673; Dhp-a.ii.72 (opp. nikkhamati); Pv-a.4, Pv-a.12, Pv-a.47 (nagaraṃ). Pot. -vise Snp.387 imper. pavisa MN.i.383; SN.i.213 fut. pavisissati Vin.i.87; …

attached to (acc. or loc.), intent upon (-˚), pursuing, doing DN.i.135 (kamma˚); Snp.57 (see Cnd.427), Snp.709, Snp.774, Snp.940, Dhp.166, Dhp.181; Vism.135 (doing a hundred & one things: aneka-kicc …

snake Vin.iv.108; SN.iv.172; AN.ii.110; AN.iii.69; Ja.i.245; Ja.ii.274; Ja.iv.30, Ja.iv.496; Ja.v.82, Ja.v.267; Pp.48; Vism.470 (in comp.); Dhp-a.i.139; Dhp-a.ii.8, Dhp-a.ii.38; Snp-a.334, Snp-a. …

1. to see-Pres. passati Vin.i.322; SN.i.69 SN.i.132, SN.i.198; SN.ii.29; Snp.313, Snp.647, Snp.953, Snp.1063, Snp.1142 (cp. Cnd.428); Pv.i.2#3; Mil.218; Pv-a.11, Pv-a.102; 1<su …

sack, Vin.iii.17; Ja.i.112, Ja.i.351; Ja.ii.88, Ja.ii.154; Ja.iii.10, Ja.iii.116 Ja.iii.343 (camma˚ leather bag); Ja.iv.52, Ja.iv.361; Ja.v.46 (pūpa˚) Ja.v.483; Ja.vi.432 (spelling pasippaka); DN-a.i …

burning, fever; fig fever of passion, consumption, distress, pain DN.iii.238 (avigata˚), DN.iii.289 (˚nānatta); MN.i.101 (kāme); SN.ii.143 sq (˚nānatta), SN.ii.151 (kāma˚; vyāpāda˚, vihiṃsā˚); SN.iii. …

adjective

1. common, vulgar, uncontrolled in phrase pākat-indriya of uncontrolled mind SN.i.61 (= saṃvarâbhāvena gihikāle viya vivaṭa-indriya K.S. 320), SN.i.204; SN.iii.93; SN.v.269; AN.i.70, …

…fr pali + guṇṭh, see paliguṇṭhita; hapax legomenon

to harass, vex, annoy, insult SN.iv.63; SN.v.346; AN.iii.194; Vin.iv.36 sq.; Ud.44; Snp.277; Pv.iv.1#47 (vihesaṃ, aor.); Pv.iv.1#49 (vihesayi, aor.).

vi + hiṃs, or Denom. fr. vihesā, cp. Geiger,

…

resin Vin.i.202.

cp. Sk. sarjarasa; see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 19#2

bamboo AN.ii.73; Vin.iv.35; Ja.iv.382 (daṇḍa˚); Ja.v.71; Vism.1, Vism.17; Snp-a.76 (= vaṃsa); Vb-a.334.

• -agga (veḷagga) the top of a bamboo Vin.ii.110
• *-[gumba](/define/gumb …

kind of head ornament perhaps ear-ring or garland worn round the forehead Mhvs.11, Mhvs.28 (C. explains as “kaṇṇapilandhanaṃ vaṭaṃsakan ti vuttaṃ hoti”). Usually as vaṭaṃsaka V …

wayfarer, beggar, pauper Snp.100 (ṇ); Ja.iv.403, Ja.iv.406 (n); Ja.v.172 (= bhojaputta C.; n), Ja.vi.232 (n); DN-a.i.298 (ṇ); Pv-a.78 (n), Pv-a.112 (n); Vv-a.5 (n). Often combined with similar ter …

1. to trace, track travel (a road); practise, achieve, resort to Mil.359; Vv-a.58.
2. to use, use up, spend Ja.i.102; Ja.iii.342 Ja.vi.369, Ja.vi.382, Ja.vi.521
   ppr Pass. (a-)valañjiyamāna (n …

to speak, say, tell AN.iv.79; Snp.1037, Snp.1077 sq.; Pp.42; Pv-a.13, Pv-a.16, Pv-a.39;
pot 1^st sg. vade (so read for vado? MN.i.258; 3^rd sg. vadeyya Pv.i.3#3;
aor 3<s …

[fr. upa + dhṛ;) “receptacle”, milk-pail DN.ii.192; AN.iv.393; Ja.vi.503. See kaṃs˚. Kern,

Toevoegselen

i. 142 proposes corruption fr. kaṃs’ûpadohana, which latter however does not occur in Pa …

“dog,” preferable spelling for suna, cp. Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 93#1.

Siddha¹

boiled, cooked Ja.ii.435 (= pakka); Ja.v.201 (˚bhojana); Mil.272; Snp-a.27 (˚bhatta = pakk’odana of Snp.18).

a specific Pali formation fr. sijjati (svid) in meaning “to cook,” …

requiring suspension from the Order; a class of offences which can be decided only by a formal sangha-kamma Vin.ii.38 sq.; Vin.iii.112, Vin.iii.186 Vin.iv.110 sq., Vin.iv.225 (where explained); AN.ii …

adjective victorious DN.i.88 (caturanta +); DN.ii.146; SN.iii.83; Snp.552, Snp.646; DN-a.i.249; Dhp-a.iv.232; Snp-a.162.

vijita + āvin; see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 198#3

the body in being, the existing body or group (= -nikāya q.v.); as a t.t. in P. psychology almost equal to individuality; identified with the five khandhas MN.i.299; SN.iii.159; …

the Vedic differentiations vetti “to know” and vindati “to find” are both in Pāli, but only in sporadic forms, some of which are archaic and therefore only found in poetry. Of * …

Vāḷa¹

1. a snake Vism.312 (so read for vaḷa).
2. a beast of prey AN.iii.102 (amanussa); Ja.i.295; Ja.iii.345 (˚macchā predaceous fishes); Mil.23 (˚vana forest of wild beas …

the true dhamma, the best religion, good practice, the “doctrine of the good” (so Geiger, Pali Dhamma pp. 53, 54, q.v. for detailed discussion of the term) MN.i.46; SN.v.172 sq.; AN.i.69; AN.iii.7 …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

Rājā (Rājan)

king, a ruling potentate. The defⁿ at Vin.iii.222 is “yo koci rajjaṃ kāreti.” The fanciful etym. at DN.iii.93 Vism.419 is “dhammena pare rañjetī ti rājā” i.e. he gladdens othe …

to stop, cease; to desist (abl.), abstain, refrain Snp.400 (Pot. ˚meyya), Snp.828 (Pot. ˚me) Snp.925; Mnd.168, Mnd.376; Thig.397 (aor. viramāsi, cp. Geiger

Pali Grammar

§ 165#1); Pv.iv.3#55 (pāpad …

night DN.i.47 (dosinā). gen. sg. ratyā (for *rattiyā) Thag.517; Snp.710 (vivasane = ratti-samatikkame Snp-a.496); Ja.vi.491. abl. sg. rattiyā in phrases abhikkantāya r. at the waning of night D …

…foll. passages: Mil.191 (˚lohita-candana) Vism.172 (˚kambala), Vism.174 (˚koraṇḍaka), Vism.191 (˚paṭākā) Ja.i.394…

adjective short (opp dīgha) DN.i.193 (dīghā vā r. vā majjhimā ti vā), DN.i.223 (in contrast with d.); Snp.633; Dhp.409; Ja.i.356; Dhs.617 Vism.272 (def.); Dhp-a.iv.184
■ Cp. ati˚.

• *-[ādesa](/ …

fulfilled accomplished; (or:) lived, spent (= vuttha); only in phrase vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ (translation Dial. i.93; “the higher life has been fulfilled”) DN.i.84 (cp. Dhp.i.225 vutthaṃ parivuttha …

-R-

the letter (or sound) r, used as euphonic consonant to avoid hiatus. The sandhi-r-originates from the final r of nouns in ˚ir & ˚ur of the Vedic period. In Pali it is felt as euphonic conso …

adjective noun having life, a living being SN.i.210, SN.i.226, Snp.220 (acc. pl. pāṇine, cp. Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 95#2), Snp.587 (id.), Snp.201, Snp.575; Pv-a.287; Dhp-a.ii.19.

fr. pāṇa

word, esp. the word of the Buddha DN.i.88; SN.ii.259; Thag.587; Thag.2, Thag.457.

pa + vacana, with lengthening of first a (see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 33#1)

(-˚) (˚pātu) indeclinable visible open, manifest; only in compound with kṛ; and bhū, and with the rule that pātu˚ appears before cons., whereas pātur˚ stands before vowels.

1. w …

imitative of the sound sarasara; chinnasassara giving out a broken or irregular sound of sarasara. MN.i.128 ‣See *> Journal of the Pali Text Society

,* 1889, p. 209.

AjitakesakambalaKesakambalaAjita

Head of one of the six heretical sects mentioned in the Pitakas as being contemporaneous with the Buddha. He is described as a Titthaka (non-Buddhist teacher), leade …

adjective distant, remote, solitary, secluded; only in phrase pantaṃ senāsanaṃ (sayanāsanaṃ) or pantāni senāsanāni “solitary bed & chair” MN.i.17, MN.i.30; AN.i.60; AN.ii.137 AN.iii.103; AN.v.10, AN.v …

1. the arm AN.ii.67 = AN.iii.45 (˚bala); Vin.ii.105; Ja.iii.62; Ja.v.215 (˚mudu). pacchā-bāhaṃ arm(s) behind (his back) DN.i.245 (gāḷhabandhanaṃ baddha). bāhaṃ pasāreti to stretch out the arm DN. …

Bodha¹

form is sambodha = bodhi, viz. knowledge, wisdom, enlightenment, Buddhaship DN.iii.54 (variant reading sam˚); Dhs-a.217; in phrase bodhāya maggo Ja.i.67; Mil.244, Mil.289; and in …

…supatiṭṭhitacittā satta-bojjhange yathābhūtaṃ bhāvetvā anuttaraṃ sammā-sambodhiṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu“ SN.v.160….

…cit.) Kv.207 (read ˚purohita for ˚parohita!). -pphoṭana [a-pphoṭana; ā + ph.] a Brahmaapplause divine or greatest applause…