… ■ A remarkable use of bhava as nt. (obstr.) to bhū (in cpd.) is to be noted in the def. given by Bdhgh….

…Kp-a.248 Here sometimes bhava for bhāva.

2. (in pregnant specifically Buddhistic sense) cultivation or…

…formations like bhavā-bhava see ā⁴.

Vedic a-, an-; Idg. *n̊, gradation form to *ne (see…

…˚jānāti know all over ˚bhavati overcome, ˚vaḍḍhati increase, ˚vuṭṭha poured out or over, ˚sandeti make over-flow, ˚siñcati…

defeat, humiliation Snp-a.436.

fr. abhibhavati

overcoming, vanquishing, mastering SN.ii.210 (variant reading BB abhipatthana).

fr. abhibhavati

as an˚; invincibility Pv-a.117.

abstr. fr. abhibhavanīya, grd. of abhibhavati

…to be overcome Pv-a.57
pass ppr. abhibhūyamāna being overcome (by) Pv-a.80, Pv-a.103
pp…

…fr. abhi + bhū, cp. abhibhavati

…& see phrase under abhibhū.

pp. of abhibhavati

…the latter is fut. of abhibhavati (for ˚bhavissati) as indicated by gloss abhibhuyyati.

abhi + harati, cp. Sk….

adjective belonging to ones birth or race, born of, being by birth; only in cpd. kaṇhâbhijātika of dark birth, that is, low in the social scale DN.iii.251; AN.iii.348; Snp.563 = Thag.833; cp. Ja P T S …

…At Snp.214 abhijāyati means “to behave, to be”, cp Snp-a.265 (abhijāyati = bhavati).

abhi + jāyati, Pass. of jan, but in sense of a…

adjective cp. wishing for, desirous (of-˚) Thig.360 (sītibhāva˚).

reproduced, reborn AN.iv.40, AN.iv.401; Cnd.256 (nibbatta abhi pātubhūta); Dhs.1035, Dhs.1036 (so read for˚ nippatta) Vv-a.9 (puññ’ânubhāva˚ by the power of merit).

abhi + nibbatta, pp. of abhinibbattati

…birth, rebirth, DN.i.229; DN.ii.283 (variant reading for abhinipphatti) SN.ii.65 (punabbhava˚), SN.ii.101 (id.); SN.iv.14, SN.iv.215; AN.v.121;…

to create (by magic), produce, shape, make SN.iii.152 (rūpaṃ); AN.i.279 (oḷārikaṃ attabhāvaṃ); Nd ii.under pucchā⁶ (rūpaṃ manomayaṃ); Vv-a.16 (mahantaṃ hatthi-rāja-vaṇṇaṃ)
pp *[abhinim …

being bent on (“downward force” Dhs trsl. 242), i.e. taking oneself out to, way of acting, (proper) behaviour, endeavour, resolve, aspiration SN.iii.267 sq. (˚kusala); AN.ii.189; AN.iii.311; AN.iv.3 …

…(kalaha˚); Ja.v.382 (dāna˚); Pv-a.54 (puññakamma˚), Pv-a.61 (satibhavana˚), Pv-a.105 (dānâdipuñña˚).

pp. of abhiramati

“coming by completely”, insight into, comprehension, realization clear understanding, grasp, penetration. See on term Kvu trsl. 381 sq
■ Esp. in full phrases: attha˚; grasp of what is proficient …

…Snp.429, Snp.701; Ja.v.269, Ja.vi.139, Ja.vi.439. Abhisambhavati (bhoti)

fr. abhisambhavati

…ger. -bhutvā Thag.1057 & -bhavitvā Snp.52 (cp. Cnd.85)
aor -bhosi DN.ii.232
grd -bhavanīya DN.ii.210; Pts.ii.193
■ See…

…ger. -bhutvā Thag.1057 & -bhavitvā Snp.52 (cp. Cnd.85)
aor -bhosi DN.ii.232
grd -bhavanīya DN.ii.210; Pts.ii.193
■ See…

…vā DN-a.i.268); Mnd.77, Mnd.312.

considered to be a bastard form of abhisambhavati, but probably of diff. origin & etym.; also in Bh. Sk. freq.

attained, got Sdhp.556.

pp. of abhisambhavati

adjective = acchariya wonderful, marvellous SN.i.181; Vv.84#13 (comp. accheratara); Pv.iii.5#1 (˚rūpa = acchariyasabhāva Pv-a.197); Sdhp.244, Sdhp.398.

…pp.; adhibhūta (q.v.).

adhi + bhavati, cp. Sk. & P. abhibhavati

…abhi˚).

fr. adhi + bhū, cp. adhibhavati & Sk. adhibhū

-adj. n. attention, direction of mind, concentration Snp.692 (adhimanasā bhavātha). (adj.) directing one’s mind upon, intent (on) Ja.iv.433 (= pasannacitta); Ja.v.29 (an˚; variant reading ˚māna).

adhi + mano

Agga¹

adjective noun

1. (adj.)
   1. of time: the first, foremost Dpvs.iv.13 (saṅgahaṃ first collection). See cpds
   2. of space: the highest, topmost, Ja.i.52 (˚sākhā)
   3. of qual …

…glow of suffering ib. 60; bhavadukkh˚; of the misery of becomings Sdhp.552; vippaṭisār˚; burning remorse Pv-a.60; sok˚; burning grief…

adjective noun straight, upright (usually comb^d. with maddava gentle, soft) DN.iii.213; AN.i.94; AN.ii.113; AN.iii.248; Snp.250 (+ maddava), Snp.292 (id.); Ja.iii.274; …

…adhibhavati to conquer, overpower, overcome SN.i.240 (prohib. mā vo kodho ajjhabhavi); Ja.ii.336. Cp. ajjhabhu &…

…ajjhabhavi). Cp. ajjhabhavi.

3^rd sg. aor. of adhibhavati (q.v.)

adjective noun that which is personal, subjective, arises from within (in contrast to anything outside, objective or impersonal); as adv. & ˚interior, personal, inwardly (opp.; bahiddhā bāhira etc o …

to overcome, overpower, destroy Ja.ii.80 (aor. ajjhobhavi = adhibhavi C.).

adhi + ava + bhu, Sk. abhi˚

excessive power, predominance Ja.ii.357.

cp. Sk. adhyābhava

to predominate Ja.ii.357.

adhi + ā + bhū, in meaning of abhi + bhu

˚- neuter not knowing, ignorance (of) Ja.v.199 (˚bhāva); Ja.vi.177 (˚kāla).

a + jānana

… ■ ito ce pi so bhavaṃ Gotamo yojana sate viharati alam eva… upasankamituṃ even if he were 100 miles from here (surely) even so…

adjective not mortal, not subject to death Thag.276; Snp.249 (= amara-bhāva-patthanatāya pavatta-kāya-kilesa Snp-a.291); Ja.v.80 (= amaraṇa-sabhāva) Ja.v.218; Dāvs v.62.

a + mara from mṛ.

Ana-

negative prefix, contained in anappameyya, (Thag.1089), anamatagga & anabhava. See Vinaya Texts ii.113.

the utter cessation of becoming. In the oldest Pali only in adj. form anabhāvaṃ kata or gata. This again found only in a string of four adjectives together expressing the most utter destruction. They …

adjective being in consternation or distress, crying Ja.iii.223 (˚kāle = ārodana-kāle C.).

according to Morris J.P.T.S. 1884, 70 = ana-mha “unlaughing” with ana = an (cp. anabhāva anamatagga) and m …

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

rear-guard, retinue, suite, in -ṃ bhavati to accompany or follow somebody Mil.125.

anu + bala

…vedanā anubhavana-lakkhaṇā ca); Pv-a.152 (kamma-vipāka˚). Esp. in comb^n. with dukkha˚; suffering painful…

…Pv-a.79 etc. (cp. anubhavana)
ppr med. -bhavamāna Ja.i.50; aor. -bhavi Pv-a.75 (sampattiṃ); ger. -bhavitvā Ja.iv.1; Pv-a.4…

…Pv-a.79 etc. (cp. anubhavana)
ppr med. -bhavamāna Ja.i.50; aor. -bhavi Pv-a.75 (sampattiṃ); ger. -bhavitvā Ja.iv.1; Pv-a.4…

…Pv-a.122, Pv-a.272. See also ānu˚.

fr. anubhavati

majesty, power SN.i.156 (mahā˚).

= anubhāva + tā

(having or being) experienced, suffered, enjoyed Pv-a.ii.12#2. nt. suffering, experience Ja.i.254; Mil.78, Mil.80.

pp. of anubhavati

the fact of having to undergo, experiencing Pv-a.103.

abstr. fr. ppr. Pass. of anubhavati

…Sdhp.297, Sdhp.312.

• -bhava complaisance, willingness Vva.71.
• -yañña a propitiative sacrifice…

adjective unsmeared, unstained, free from taint MN.i.319, MN.i.386 (in verse); as -ūpalitta in verse of Sn & Dh: Snp.211 (= lepānaṃ abhāvā Snp-a.261), 392 468, 790, 845; Dhp.353.

an + upalitta

adjective anussuta*; v.l K.B. anussada; Dhp-a.iv.165 explains with taṇhā-ussāvâbhāva vv.ll. ˚ussada˚); Iti.97 (vv.ll. anussata & anussara).

… ■ Cp. also SN.i.15 (bhavasota˚); SN.iv.128 (id.); Ja.vi.444 (paṇḍitassa˚ = veyyāvaccakara C.); Sdhp.528 (attha˚).

fr. anu + sarati

adjective “nothing higher”, without a superior, incomparable, second to none, unsurpassed, excellent, preeminent Snp.234 (= adhikassa kassaci abhāvato Kp-a.193), 1003; Dhp.23, Dhp.55 (= asadisa appaṭ …

adjective according to the sense, answering to the matter, having scnse Thag-a.6 (˚saññābhāva).

anu + attha

…(much the same as punabbhava, cp. Cnd.61). Cases adverbially; aparaṃ (acc. further, besides, also Ja.i.256; Ja.iii.278; often with other…

adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expl^d. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see *[a …

(freq. spelled appamāna) adjective

1. “without measure”, immeasurable, endless, boundless unlimited, unrestricted all-permeating SN.iv.186 (˚cetaso) AN.ii.73; AN.v.63; Snp.507 (mettaṃ cittaṃ bhāva …

(and -iya) adjective

1. what cannot be put together again, unmendable irreparable (˚iya) Pv.i.12#9 (= puna pākatiko na hoti Pv-a.66) = Ja.iii.167 (= paṭipākatiko kātuṃ na sakkā C.).
2. incapable …

adjective = apāṭuka, i.e. sly, fraudulent Ja.iv.184 (in context with nekatika; C. explains apāṭubhāva dhanuppāda-virahita, in which latter virahita does not fit in; the pass. seems corrupt).

a + pā …

…parikkhīṇa-bhava-saññojano sammad-aññā vimutto: DN.iii.83, DN.iii.97; MN.i.4 MN.i.235; SN.i.71; SN.iii.161, SN.iii.193;…

adjective noun

1. (racial) Aryan DN.ii.87.
2. (social) noble, distinguished, of high birth.
3. (ethical) in accord with the customs and ideals of the Aryan clans, held in esteem by Aryans, gene …

…DN.iii.275; Iti.45.

• -bhava formless existence DN.iii.216.
• -loka the world of the Formless Sdhp.494. *…

adjective unmixed, unadulterated, i.e. with full and unimpaired properties, delicious, sublime, lovely MN.i.114; SN.i.213 (a. ojava “that elixir that no infusion needs Mrs Rh. D.) = Thig.55 (expl<su …

sweetness, taste, enjoyment SN.i.124; Snp.447 (= sādubhāva Snp-a.393).

cp. assāda

adjective impure, unpleasant, bad, ugly, nasty; nt. ˚ṃ nastiness, impurity. Cp. on term and the Asubha-meditation, as well as on the 10 asubhas or offensive objects Dhs. trsl. 70 and Cpd. 121 n. …

impurity, unclean living, defilement Snp.243 (˚missita = asucibhāva-missita Snp-a.286.

abstr. fr. asuci

…Dhp-a.i.19 (mahātherā); Dhp-a.ii.25 (˚koṭi-vibhava). Cp. ạ̄sītika.

Sk. aśīti

to excel, overcome, to get the better of, to deceive Ja.i.163 (= ajjhottharati vañceti C.).

ati + bhavati, cp. Sk. atibhavati & abhibhavati

…of ativattati: Sk….

…AN.ii.159.

• -sambhava originating from one’s self SN.i.70; AN.iv.312; Dhp.161 (pāpa) Thag.260. *…

Attha¹

(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter

1. interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …

to be, to exist.
pres Ind. 1^st sg. asmi Snp.1120, Snp.1143; Ja.i.151; Ja.iii.55 and amhi MN.i.429; Snp.694; Ja.ii.153; Pv.i.10#2; Pv.ii.8#2.
■ 2 ^…

adjective

1. (to attha¹) profitable, good, proper. In this meaning the MSS show a variance of spelling either atthika or aṭṭhika or *[aṭṭhita](/de …

state of being, existence, being, reality MN.i.486; SN.ii.17 (˚añ c˚ eva natthitañ ca to be and not to be); SN.iii.135; Ja.v.110 (kassaci atthitaṃ vā natthitaṃ vā jānāhi see if there is anybody or not …

adjective noun

1. (temporal) past, gone by (cp. accaya 1)
   1. adj.; atītaṃ addhānaṃ in the time which is past SN.iii.86; AN.iv.219; AN.v.32
      ■ Pv.ii.12#12 (atītānaṃ, scil. attabhāvāuaṃ par …

adjective not to be hurt or disturbed, inviolable unshakable, imperturbable Snp.322 (˚dhamma = akampanasabhāva Snp-a.331).

a + vedha, grd. of vidh (vyadh) to pierce, Sk. avedhya

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

absence of change, steadfastness, endurance DN.i.18; DN.iii.31, DN.iii.33 (˚dhamma); DN-a.i.113 (= jarā-vasena vipariṇāmassa abhāvato).

a + viparināma

…Snp.p.106 (dve va gatiyo bhavanti anaññā: and no other or no more, only two). See also under compounds.

• -ādisa different Ja.vi.212,…

adverb in a different manner, otherwise, differently SN.i.24; Snp.588, Snp.757; Dhs-a.163; Pv-a.125, Pv-a.133. anaññathā without mistake Vv.44#18; anaññatha (nt.) certainty, truth Pts.ii.104 (= …

adjective wealthy, rich, influential Ja.iv.495; Pv.ii.8#2 (= mahāvibhava Pv-a.107).

…condition of becoming (see bhava & cp.; Cpd. 265 sq.); bojjhaṅga (q.v.). Esp. with numerals:…

Aṅgaṇa¹

neuter an open space, a clearing, Vin.ii.218; Ja.i.109 (= manussānan sañcaraṇa-ṭṭhāne anāvaṭe bhūmibhāge C.); Ja.ii.243, Ja.ii.290 Ja.ii.357; Dāvs i.27
■ cetiy˚; an open space …

…= Vin.iii.100.

• -sambhava the product of an egg, i.e. a bird Thag.599.
• -hāraka one who takes…

…80): a-˚sata-sahassa-vibhava Dhp-a.iv.7. But aṭṭhasata at SN.iv.232 means 108 (3 × 36), probably also at Ja.v.377
■ *aṭṭha…

Aṭṭhi˚¹

in comb^n. with katvā: to make something one’s attha, i.e. object, to find out the essence or profitableness or value of anything to recognise the natu …

…or attached to Snp.773 (bhavasāta˚, cp. Mnd.30) 6. put together, kneaded, made into cakes (of meal Ja.iii.343; Ja.v.46; Ja.vi.524. 7. bound…

adjective to strengthen, cp. upabrūhana, paribbūḷha much, many, large, abundant; plenty; in compound also very, greatly (˚-) instr. sg. bahunā Dhp.166; nom. pl bahavo Vin.iii.90; Dhp.307, & *bahū …

Bala¹

neuter

1. strength power, force DN.ii.73; AN.i.244; Thag.188; Dhp.109 (one of the 4 blessings, viz. āyu, vaṇṇa, sukha, bala; cp Dhp-a.ii.239); Pv.i.5#12 (= kāya-bala Pv-a.30); Pv …

crane Thag.307; Ja.ii.363; Ja.iii.226; Mil.128 (˚ānaṃ megha-saddena gabbhâvakkanti hoti); Vism.126 (in simile, megha-mukhe b. viya); DN-a.i.91 (variant reading baka).

cp. Vedic balākā, perhaps to …

…honti vaḍḍhanti abhibhavanti Pv-a.94); Ja.vi.224 (3^rd pl balīyare; C. abhibhavati, kuppati, of the border provinces); Ne.6…

…Bhagavā as representing bhava, whereas ga stands for gamana, va for vanta Kp-a.109
■ Like ba˚; we often find…

…being the corresp. of Sk. *bhavanta (for bhavān) we would suppose the change v → d and account for dd on grounds of pop. analogy after bhadda….

…being the corresp. of Sk. *bhavanta (for bhavān) we would suppose the change v → d and account for dd on grounds of pop. analogy after bhadda….

…(in verse “bhagehi ca vibhattavā” in exegesis of word “Bhagava”) at DN-a.i.34 read bhava, as read at id. p…

…“dibbā bhakkhā pātubhavanti”; cp. Vedic bhakṣa (m) feeding partaking of food, esp. drink (of Soma), thus something…

turmoil, confusion Dhs.429 (= vibhanti-bhāva Dhs-a.260, so read for vibhatti˚) cp. Dhs trsl. 120.

fr. bhanta

…explⁿ bhante = bhavantah (see bhavaṃ) by Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 98#3 hinted at by Weber loc. cit. (bhavantaḥ = bhagavantaḥ).

to bear, support, feed maintain Ja.v.260 (mama bharatha, ahaṃ bhattā bhavāmi vo; C. explains as “maṃ icchatha”)
pp bhata See also bhaṭa, bhara, bharita, and Der. fr. bhār˚. A curi …

ashes SN.i.169 = Cnd.576 (loc bhasmani); Vv.84#44; Ja.iii.426; Vism.469 (in comparison).

• -antāhuti (bhasm’ ant’ āhuti) “whose sacrifice ends in ashes” DN.i.55 (so read for bhassant˚, according t …

ashes SN.i.169 = Cnd.576 (loc bhasmani); Vv.84#44; Ja.iii.426; Vism.469 (in comparison).

• -antāhuti (bhasm’ ant’ āhuti) “whose sacrifice ends in ashes” DN.i.55 (so read for bhassant˚, according t …

…niray’ ādi-bhede bhavane); Mnd.448 (Inda˚ the realm of Indra); Ja.iii.275 (nāga˚ the world of the Nāgas).

fr. bhū

…DN.i.249; MN.i.484. nt. bhavaṃ MN.iii.172 acc. bhavantaṃ Snp.597; DN.ii.231; instr. bhotā DN.i.93 DN.i.110; SN.iv.120. gen. bhoto…

…151³; and cp. anubhavati, abhibhavati abhisaṃ˚, pa˚ (see pahoti and pahūta), pari˚ vi˚,…

the fact of being, state, condition Kp-a.227.

abstr. fr. bhū

…sq (with ref. to upādāna & bhava); Vb-a.185 (id.); Sdhp.66, Sdhp.457, Sdhp.463
■ mithu˚; breaking of alliance DN.ii.76; Ja.iv.184;…

1. breaking (open), in puṭa˚; breaking of the seed-boxes (of the Pāṭali plant), idiomatic for “merchandise” Mil.1 See under puṭa.
2. (fig.) breach, division, destruction AN.iv.247 …

adjective fragile, perishable, transitory Thig.35 (= bhijjana-sabhāva Thag-a.43).

fr. bhid

breaking up, splitting, perishing; destruction Ja.i.392; Ja.v.284; Ja.vi.11; Dhp-a.i.257 (kaṇṇā bhijjan’ ākāra-pattā); Thag-a.43 (bhijjana-sabhāva of perishable nature; explⁿ of bhidura …

an almsman, a mendicant, a Buddhist monk or priest, a bhikkhu.
■ nom. sg. bhikkhu freq. passim; Vin.iii.40 (vuḍḍhapabbajita); AN.i.78 (thera bh., an elder bh.; and nava bh. …

…AN.iv.312 (atta-sambhavaṃ)
ger bhinditvā Ja.i.425, Ja.i.490; Pv-a.12; also in phrase *indriyāni…

(Bhīyo, Bhīyyo)

1. (adj.) more Snp.61 (dukkham ettha bhiyyo), Snp.584 (id.), Snp.306 (bh. taṇhā pavaḍḍhatha); Dhp.313 (bh. rajan ākirate), Dhp.349 (bh. taṇhā pavaḍḍhati).
2. (adv.) in a higher degree …

Bhiṃsana & ˚ka

adjective horrible, dreadful, awe-inspiring, causing fear.

1. bhiṃsanaka (usually combined with lomahaṃsa DN.ii.106 = AN.iv.311; DN.ii.157; Vin.iii.8; Pv-a.2 …

Bhiṃsana & ˚ka

adjective horrible, dreadful, awe-inspiring, causing fear.

1. bhiṃsanaka (usually combined with lomahaṃsa DN.ii.106 = AN.iv.311; DN.ii.157; Vin.iii.8; Pv-a.2 …

…Dhp-a.iv.158.

voc. of bhavant, cp. Sk. bhoḥ which is the shortened voc. bhagoḥ of Vedic bhagavant; cp. as to form P. āvuso → Sk….

…bhoja-rājāno anuyuttā bhavanti te“ cp. MN.iii.173: “paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyuttā bhavanti,” and AN.v.22:…

of bhavant (q.v.) Dhp-a.iii.194. Bhottabba & Bhottum

1. (n. m.) a freed slave freeman; a servant as distinguished from a slave Vin.i.93; Ja.ii.313; Pv-a.112
   ■ bhujissaṃ karoti to grant freedom to a slave Ja.v.313; Ja.vi.389, Ja.vi.546; Dhp-a.i. …

…bhaññaṃ is bhuñjaṃ; the passage may be corrupt from “varatu bhavaṃ yam icchasi.”

cp. Vedic bhā & bhāḥ nt.

1. part, portion, fraction, share Vin.i.285; Snp.427 (sahassa-bhāgo maraṇassa = sahassaṃ bhāgānaṃ assā ti Snp-a.387; a thousand times a share of death, i.e. very near death, almost quite dead), Snp. …

adjective knitting the eyebrows, frowning, only in redupl. cpd. bhākuṭika- bhākuṭiko frowning continually, supercilious Vin.ii.11 = Vin.iii.181 (manda-mando +); Cnd.342 (korajika-korajiko +) Vi …

producing, dwelling on something, putting one’s thoughts to, application, developing by means of thought or meditation, cultivation by mind, culture
■ See on term Dhs translation 261 (= ² …

adjective “being as ought to be, to be cultivated, to be respected, in a self-composed state (cp. bhāvitatta) MN.i.33 (garu + ; explained by Bdhgh as “addhā ’yam āyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī t …

…of bhū, bhavati

adjective “having a being,” going to be, as-˚ in avassa˚; sure to come to pass, inevitable Ja.i.19
■ f. bhāvinī future Vv-a.314 (or is it bhāvanīya? cp. variant reading S bhāvaniyā).

fr. bhāv …

Bhāvitatta¹

adjective one whose attan (ātman) is bhāvita, i.e. well trained or composed Attan here = citta (as Pv-a.139), thus “self-composed well-balanced” AN.iv.26; Snp.277, Snp.322, …

…Av. būmiš soil, ground, to bhū, as in bhavati, cp. Gr. φύσις etc. See bhavati

…Vin.iv.84; Ja.ii.215; Ja.iii.511; Mil.23.

pp. of bhavati, Vedic etc. bhūta

1. shape, image (= paṭimā Vv-a.168) SN.i.134 (trsl. “puppet”); SN.v.217 (vimba) Ja.v.452. In phrase cittakataṃ bimbaṃ it refers to the human body (“the tricked-out puppet-shape” Brethren 303): …

…of Br Ja.iv.377 sq. -bhavana Br- world or abode of Br. Mnd.448. -bhūta divine being, most…

state of a Brahma god, existence in the Br. world Vb.337; Vism.301 Vb-a.437; Dhp-a.i.110. brahmattabhāva is to be read as brahm’ attabhāva (see under brahma).

abstr. fr. brahma

…of Br Ja.iv.377 sq. -bhavana Br- world or abode of Br. Mnd.448. -bhūta divine being, most…

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

Byanti˚

in -bhavati, bhāva etc. see vyanti˚.

adjective

1. external, outside (opp. abbhantara inside) outer, foreign DN.ii.75; AN.iv.16; Dhp.394 (fig. in meaning of 2); Ja.i.125 (antara˚ inside & outside); Ja.i.337 (out o …

1. childhood, youth SN.iii.1.
2. ignorance, folly Dhp.63; Ja.ii.220 (= bāla-bhāva); Ja.iii.278 (balya); Pv-a.40. Also used as adj. in compar. bālyatara more foolish, extremely foolish Vv.83#6 sq …

…MN.iii.65; Pp.13.

• -bhava the last rebirth (in Saṃsāra, with ref. to Arahantship) Thag-a.260, cp. caramabhavika in…

…as phalâphala, bhavâbhava) DN.i.213; see also citta. Occurring in the Nikāyas in sg. only, it came to be used in pl….

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

…in existence) Thig.14 (cp. bhavachanda) lokasmiṃ ch. (hankering after the world) Snp.866; methunasmiṃ (sexual desire) Snp.835 (expl. by ch….

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

travelled over, resorted to, made a habit of; done, performed, practised Ja.iii.541; Mil.360-su˚ well performed, accomplished SN.i.42 = SN.i.214 = Snp.181; Pv.iii.5#6
■ Cp. ā˚, pari˚, vi˚.

• *-ṭṭ …

adjective clean Ja.iii.21; -bhāva cleanliness MN.i.39 (= visuddhibhāva; to be read for T mokkha˚? See Trenckner’s note on p. 530).

Cp. Sk. cokṣa

*Dassati¹

to see, to perceive.

1. (pres.) base dakkh [Sk. drakṣ]: pres.
   1. dakkhati Cnd.428 (= passati), 1st dakkhāmi ibid. (= passāmi) second dakkhasi SN.i.11 …

…as in compound dṛḍhī karoti & bhavati to make or become strong

…Vv-a.285); Ja.iv.143;

• -bhava celestial existence Pv-a.167
• -bhoga the wealth of the gods Pv-a.97; *…

the state of being a deva, divinity Thag-a.70; Pv-a.110 (˚bhāva as Yakkha, opp. petatta bhāva; so read for devatā-bhāva).

deva + tta

“condition or state of a deva, divinity; divine being, deity, fairy. The term comprises all beings which are otherwise styled devas, & a list of them given at Cnd.308 & based on the principle that any …

…idhâññāya acchiduṃ bhavabandhanaṃ (recognising this law) SN.i.35 cittacetasikā dh˚ ā a term for the four mental khandhas, and…

Dhava¹

the shrub Grislea Tomentosa AN.i.202, AN.i.204; Ja.iv.209; Ja.vi.528.

Sk. dhava = madhuratvaca, Halāyudha

Dhava²

a husband Thag-a.121 (dh. vuccati sāmiko tad abhāvā v …

…as preceding & conditioning bhava in the respective category (Cnd s. v.). See under d
■ As “set of conditions or state of being (-˚)…

…sambhūta DN-a.i.120; divibhavattā dibba Kp-a.227; divibhāvaṃ devattabhāva-pariyāpanna Pv-a.14
■ See further e.g. SN.i.105;…

…as divi-bhava (˚bhāva) of divine existence or character, a divine being, in “divi-bhavāni divyāni ettha atthī ti…

…SN.iii.99; SN.iii.110 sq.; bhava˚ SN.iii.93; MN.i.65; AN.i.83; sakkāya˚; AN.iii.438; AN.v.144; Snp.231 (cp. Kp-a.188); Cnd.271#iiib (20…

…anta, annaya, abhisambhava; āgata, ājāna āyuta, āsada; itthi; ukkhepa, ubbaha 2. du˚: (k)kata, kara; (g)ga, gata,…

Dubbha & Dūbha

adjective deceiving, hurting, trying to injure Vin.ii.203 (= Iti.86 where dubbhe); Pv.ii.9#3 (mitta˚). adubbha one who does not do harm, harmless Pv.ii.9#8 (˚pāṇin = ahiṃsakahattha). …

…pain SN.iv.70;

• -anubhavana suffering pain or undergoing punishment (in Niraya) Ja.iv.3;
• -antagū one who has…

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

1. giving, dealing out, gift; almsgiving liberality, munificence; especially a charitable gift to a bhikkhu or to the community of bhikkhus, the Sangha (cp. deyyadhamma & yañña). As such it constitute …

Dubbha & Dūbha

adjective deceiving, hurting, trying to injure Vin.ii.203 (= Iti.86 where dubbhe); Pv.ii.9#3 (mitta˚). adubbha one who does not do harm, harmless Pv.ii.9#8 (˚pāṇin = ahiṃsakahattha). …

adjective far distant, remote, opp. āsanna (Ja.ii.154) or santika (Dhs.677; Vism.402)
■ Pv-a.117. Often in compounds (see below), also as dūri˚; e.g. dū …

come, come here Snp.165; Ja.ii.159; Ja.vi.367); Dhp-a.i.49. In the later language part. of exhortation = Gr. α ̓́γε, Lat. age, “come on” Dhp-a.ii.91; Pv-a.201 (+ tāva = α ̓́γεδή). *[ehipassika](/d …

adverb on one side, apart, aside Vin.i.47, Vin.i.94 = Vin.ii.272; DN.i.106; Snp.p.13 (expl^d. at Snp-a.140 as follows: bhāvana-puṃsaka-niddeso, ek’okāsaṃ ekapassan ti vuttaṃ hoti, bhummat …

1. unity DN.i.31.
2. loneliness, solitude, separation Snp.718; Thag.49; Mil.162; Ja.vi.64; Vv-a.202 (= ekībhāva).

abstr. fr. eka

…MN.i.116; SN.iv.263; -bhavati to become settled SN.iv.196; SN.v.144; -bhūta concentrated Snp.975; -bhāva concentration, fixing…

being alone, loneliness, solitude DN.iii.245; MN.ii.250; AN.iii.289; AN.v.89, AN.v.164; Vism.34; Snp-a.92, Snp-a.93; Dhp-a.ii.103; Vv-a.202; DN-a.i.253, DN-a.i.309.

eka + bhāva, with ī for a i …

adjective feminine pregnant, enceinte Vin.ii.268; SN.iii.202; Ja.i.151, Ja.i.290; Ja.iv.37; Pv.i.6#6; Pv-a.31, Pv-a.82: Vv-a.110 (-bhāva); in combination g˚ pāyamānā purisantaragatā (pregnant, lac …

adjective proud, arrogant Ja.ii.340 (˚bhāva = issariya); Ja.iii.264 (˚sabhāva = dittasabhāva); Sum. V. on DN.iii.153 (= avamata).

…there Ja.ii.160. dukkhānubhavanatthāya gacchamānā “going away for the purpose of undergoing suffering” Ja.iv.3; vohāratthāya gacchāmi…

an ass, donkey Vin.v.129; MN.i.334; AN.i.229; Ja.ii.109, Ja.ii.110; Ja.v.453; DN-a.i.163
■ f. gadrabhī Ja.ii.340.

-bhāraka a donkey load Ja.ii.109; Dhp-a.i.123 *-[bhāva]( …

(and gahīta Dhp.311) adjective seized. taken, grasped DN.i.16; DN-a.i.107 (= ādinna, pavattita) Ja.i.61; Ja.iv.2; Pv-a.43 (variant reading for text gaṇhita)
■ nt a grasp, grip Dhp-a.iii.175
■ g …

1. (nt.) the fact or the state of going, movement, journey, walk; (-˚) striving for, the leading of, pursuit AN.ii.48 sq. (gamanena na pattabbo lokass’ anto = one cannot walk to the end of the world) …

to make go, to send, to set into motion, to cause to go Iti.115 (anabhāvaṃ to destroy) see under gacchati.

caus. of gacchati

blame, reproach DN.i.135 “stating an example,” see DN-a.i.296; DN.iii.92, DN.iii.93; Snp.141; Ja.i.10 (garahapaṭicchādanabhāva preventing all occasion for finding fault); Ja.i.132 (garaha-bhaya-bhī …

…sq. (piya manāpa g. bhavanīya) c. gen. or-˚ bent on (often in sequence ˚garu, ˚ninna ˚poṇa, etc., e.g. Vism.135); pursuing, paying…

gone, in all meanings of gacchati (q.v.) viz.

1. literal. gone away, arrived at, directed to (c. acc.), opp ṭhita: gate ṭhite nisinne (loc. abs.) when going standing, sitting down (cp. gacchati 1) DN …

…explained as gati bhavâbhava cuti upapatti = one existence after the other Cnd.664; as gati upapatti paṭisandhi Nd ii.on dhātu (see [as…

is Fut. 3^rd sg. of bhavati, e.g. Bv.ii.10 = Ja.i.4 (v. 20).

is:

1. Fut. of bhavati, e.g. Ja.iii.279.
2. Fut. of jahati, e.g. Ja.iv.415; Ja.vi.441.

…Vism.532; Vb-a.174.

• -pabhava arising from a cause, conditioned Vin.i.40; Dhp-a.i.92
• -vāda the…

see bhavati.

Hoti, hotabba

etc. see bhavati.

Hoti, hotabba

etc. see bhavati.

“it may be” Vin.i.8; = huveyya MN.i.171. See bhavati.

Ida & Idaṃ

indeclinable emphatic demonstr. adv. in local, temporal & modal function, as

1. in this, here: idappaccayatā having its foundation in this, i.e. causally connec …

Ida & Idaṃ

indeclinable emphatic demonstr. adv. in local, temporal & modal function, as

1. in this, here: idappaccayatā having its foundation in this, i.e. causally connec …

There is no single word in English for Iddhi, as the idea is unknown in Europe. The main sense seems to be ʻpotency’.

1. Pre-Buddhistic; the Iddhi of a layman The four Iddhis of a king are personal …

Iddhika¹

adjective (-˚) the comp^n. form of addhika in cpd. kapaṇ-iddhika tramps & wayfarers (see kapaṇa), e.g. at Ja.i.6; Ja.iv.15; Pv-a.78.

Iddhika<su …

…-bhavana the realm of Indra Mnd.448 (cp. Tāvatiṃsa-bhavana).

• -liṅga the characteristic…

A. On term

Indriya is one of the most comprehensive & important categories of Buddhist psychological philosophy & ethics meaning “controlling principle, directive force, élan, δύναμις” in t …

rishi-ship DN.i.104 (= isi-bhāva DN-a.i.274).

abstr. fr. isi

…itiha. -bhava becoming so & so (opp. abhava not becoming) Vin.ii.184 (˚abhava); DN.i.8 (ip = iti bhavo iti abhavo…

indeclinable adv. of succession or motion in space & time “from here”. “from now”.

1. with ref. to space:
   1. from here, from this, often implying the present existence (in opp. to the “other” worl …

indeclinable here, in this world (or “thus, in such a way”) only in cpd. -bhāv’ aññathā-bhāva such an (i.e. earthly existence and one of another kind, or existence here (in this life) and in anoth …

Itthatta¹

neuter being here (in this world), in the present state of becoming, this (earthly) state (not “thusness” or “life as we conceive it”, as Mrs. Rh. D. in K. S. i.177; although a …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

Jahati & jahāti

to leave, abandon, lose; give up, renounce forsake. Ster. explⁿ at Cnd.255 (and passim): pajahati vinodeti byantikaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Lit. as well as fig.; esp. w. ref. …

withered, feeble with age Thig.270; Ja.i.5, Ja.i.59 (jarā˚); Thag-a.212; Pv-a.63 (˚bhāva, state of being old)- a˚; not fading (cp. amata & ajarāmara), of Nibbāna SN.iv.369.

From intensive of jarati

adjective set on fire, burning, shining, bright, splendid Snp.396, Snp.668, Snp.686; Vv.21#6 (= jalanto jotanto Vv-a.107); Pv.i.10#14 (burning floor of Niraya), Pv.ii.1#12 (˚ânubhāva: shining majesty …

…Snp.771 (kāme), Snp.839 (bhavaṃ), Snp.899, Snp.902 Cnd.79 (= pajappati),
pp jappita Snp.902. See also jappā, jappanā, etc., also…

desire, lust, greed, attachment, hunger (cp. Nd ii.on taṇhā) SN.i.123 (bhava-lobha˚) Snp.1033; Cnd.250; Ne.12; Dhs.279, Dhs.1059.

to jappati

knowledge, cognizance, recognition; intelligence, learning, skill Ja.i.145 (attānaṃ-˚kālato paṭṭhāya from the time of self-recognition), Ja.i.200 (-˚manta knowledge of a spell, a spell known by tum …

to know.

I. Forms

The 2 Vedic roots jān˚ & jñā˚; are represented in Pali by jān˚ & ñā˚ (ña˚)

1. jān:
   pres jānāti
   pot jāneyya (Snp.781) & jaññā (AN.iv.366 …

…rebirth Vin.i.1≈;

• -pabhava the origin or root of existence Snp.728;
• -puppha nutmeg Ja.vi.367; *…

1. rough, hard, harsh (lit. & fig.) Dhs.648 (opp.; muduka Dhs.962 (rūpaṃ paṭhavīdhātu: kakkhalaṃ kharagataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo); Vism.349 (= thaddha), Vism.591, Vism.592 (˚ …

muddy, dirty, impure; in -bhāva the state of being turbid, impure, obscured (of the mind) DN-a.i.275.

cp. Sk. kaluṣa

1. the state of being sound, able, pliant Ja.ii.12.
2. pleasantness, agreeableness, readiness, in a˚; opp. (applied to citta) Dhs.1156; Dhs-a.377 (= gilānabhāva).

…cpd. with bhū as kalī -bhavati to be divided, broken up Ja.i.467 (= bhijjati). Cp. vikala.

Vedic kalā *squel, to Lat…

…Bdhd 57, Bdhd 62; k˚-sambhava Bdhd 66 k˚-samuṭṭhāna Vism.600; Bdhd 67, Bdhd 72; see further compounds below 2. karma as result or…

Kammanīya, ˚iya & kammañña

adjective “workable,” fit for work, dexterous, ready, wieldy. Often of citta “with active mind” in formula vigatūpakkilesa mudubhūta k˚ ṭhita ānejjappatta DN.i.76, etc. = M …

Kammanīya, ˚iya & kammañña

adjective “workable,” fit for work, dexterous, ready, wieldy. Often of citta “with active mind” in formula vigatūpakkilesa mudubhūta k˚ ṭhita ānejjappatta DN.i.76, etc. = M …

Kammanīya, ˚iya & kammañña

adjective “workable,” fit for work, dexterous, ready, wieldy. Often of citta “with active mind” in formula vigatūpakkilesa mudubhūta k˚ ṭhita ānejjappatta DN.i.76, etc. = M …

adjective dark, black, as attr. of darkness, opposed to light, syn. with kāḷa (q.v. for etym.); opp. sukka. In general it is hard to separate the lit. and fig. meanings, an ethical implication is to b …

…SN.v.237 SN.v.285, etc. -bhavana the abode of the highest gods Ja.iii.487.

Sk. kaniṣṭha; compar. & superl.; see…

Kanta¹

1. (adj.) in special sense an attribute of worldly pleasure (cp. kāma kāmaguṇā): pleasant, lovely, enjoyable; freq. in form iṭṭhā kantā manāpā, referring to the pleasures of the sens …

adjective noun

1. poor, miserable, wretched; a beggar; freq explained by varāka, duggata, dīna and daḷidda; very often classed with low-caste people, as caṇḍālā Pv.iii.1#13 & pesakārā (Ud.4). Snp.81 …

1. (adj.) (-˚) producing, causing, forming, making, doing, e.g. anta˚ putting an end to; pabhaṃ causing splendour; pāpa˚ doing evil; divā˚ & divasa the day-maker, i.e. the sun; kaṇhabhāva˚ causing a …

…same process in conn with bhavati
■ The meanings of karoti are varied according to the word with which it is connected; it would be…

1. (f.) pity compassion. Karuṇā is one of the 4 qualities of character significant of a human being who has attained enfranchisement of heart (ceto-vimutti) in the 4 sentiments viz. mettā k.˚ upekhā …

Kasiṇa¹

adjective entire, whole Ja.iv.111, Ja.iv.112.

Vedic kṛtsna

Kasiṇa²

neuter one of the aids to kammaṭṭhāna, the practice by means of which myst …

(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & viss …

…Dhp.383; Dhp-a.ii.188; Dhp-a.iv.139
■ akataññu-rūpa (& ˚sambhava of ungrateful nature Ja.iv.98, Ja.iv.99.

cp. Sk. kṛtajña

…ghoraṃ ādiyanti punabbhavaṃ Vin.ii.296 = AN.ii.54 = Thag.456 (where ācinanti (?) for ādiy˚), Thag.575; Thig.502. Also in compounds…

adjective noun

1. (adj.) hard, firm, stiff Cp.ii.2; Dhs.44, Dhs.45 (where also der. f. abstr. akaṭhinatā absence of rigidity, combined with akakkhalatā, cp Dhs-a.151 akaṭhina-bhāva); Pv-a.152 (˚dā …

adjective sharp, bitter, acid, severe

1. severe, sharp (fig.), of dukkha, vedanā, kāmā, etc MN.i.10 = AN.ii.143; Ja.vi.115; Thig.451 (= Thag-a.281) SN-a.56
   ■ painful, terrible, frightful (-ap …

…factors of existence* (cp. bhava). Their rôle as such is illustrated by the famous simile: “yathā hi angasambhārā hoti saddo ratho iti…

…dukkha˚, puñña˚, bhava˚, loka˚, saṃyojana sabbadhamma˚, samudda˚.

• -ātīta gone beyond, recovered from the waning period (of…

1. (adj.) full of peace, safe; tranquil, calm DN.i.73 (of a country) SN.i.123 (of the path leading to the ambrosial, i.e. Nibbāna), SN.i.189 = Snp.454 (of vācā nibbānapattiyā); MN.i.227 (vivaṭaṃ amata …

…through the air). -punabbhava one in whom the conditions of another existence have been destroyed (= khīṇāsava)…

…(tad-ārammaṇa˚, bhavanga˚, cuti˚, etc.); kiccavasena by way of f. Abhdh
■ sangaha v.8, cp. Dhs. trsl. 132 (with ref. to…

to be troubled, to be wearied, to suffer Thag.962 (w. acc. of obj.); usually with kilamati: k˚ kāyo kilamati Thag.1073. Used in a play of words with vicikicchati by Bdhgh at Dhs-a.354 as “ārammaṇaṃ n …

fatigue Ja.v.397 (= kilantabhāva).

spelt klama, fr. klam

…to become exhausted, to waste, weary, worry Ja.vi.495 (pret. mā kisittha C. mā kisā bhava). 2. [Pass. of kassati, kṛṣ ] see…

Kitava & kitavā

one who plays false; a cheat; adj. deceitful SN.i.24; Ja.v.116; Ja.v.117 (a˚)
■ kitavā at Dhp.252 (= Dhp-a.iii.375) in combination with saṭha also at Ja.vi.228, …

Kitava & kitavā

one who plays false; a cheat; adj. deceitful SN.i.24; Ja.v.116; Ja.v.117 (a˚)
■ kitavā at Dhp.252 (= Dhp-a.iii.375) in combination with saṭha also at Ja.vi.228, …

Kitti & Kittī

f. fame, renown, glory, honour, yaso ca kittī ca SN.i.25; kittiñ ca sukhañ ca SN.i.187; yaso kitti sukhañ ca AN.ii.32 yaso kittī ca “fame and renown” Snp.817 (= Mnd.147, where appl. to …

Kitti & Kittī

f. fame, renown, glory, honour, yaso ca kittī ca SN.i.25; kittiñ ca sukhañ ca SN.i.187; yaso kitti sukhañ ca AN.ii.32 yaso kittī ca “fame and renown” Snp.817 (= Mnd.147, where appl. to …

…which is expl. at Pv-a.44 by kiṭakasadisāni lohapaṭṭasadisāni bhavanti “they become like (hot) copper plates.”

doubtful

adjective angry = kodhana Vv-a.71; Pp-a.215 (˚bhāva). Kujjhanā (f.) anger, irritation together with kujjhitattaṃ in defⁿ of kodha Dhs.1060 Pp.18, Pp.22.

fr. kujjhati

adjective bent, crooked (cp. kuj and kuc, Morris J.P.T.S. 1893, 15) Ja.iii.112 (= jimha); Mil.297 (˚sankuṭila), Mil.418 (of an arrow); nt. a bend, a crook Mil.351. -a˚; straight Vv.16#7 (-ma …

…taṇhās, viz. kāma˚, bhava˚, vibhava˚ DN.iii.216 DN.iii.275; Iti.50; Vb.365 (where defined as kāmadhātupaṭisaṃyutto rāgo);…

…on p. 367: patthaddho bhavati kāyo pūtiko bhavati kāyo). 4. Similes. Out of the great number of epithets (adhivacanāni) and comparisons…

taking, receiving, gift, acquisition Dhp-a.iii.271 (˚bhāva); Pv-a.73 (˚ṭṭhāna), Pv-a.121 (id.).

fr. labh

adjective sticking; stuck, attached; obstructed, hindered Cnd.107; Mil.346 (laggaṃ disvā mahiṃ); Dhs-a.127 (alagga-bhāva); Dhp-a.i.361 (˚mānasa) Neg. alagga unobstructed (lit. n …

…SN.i.43, SN.i.63, SN.i.123 (bhava˚); SN.v.88; AN.i.64 (˚kkhaya), AN.i.160 (visama˚), cp. DN.iii.70 sq.; DN.ii.67; Snp.367, Snp.371, Snp.537…

…1 bhavaloka; 2 sampatti bhavaloka, vipatti bhavaloka; 3 vedanā; 4 āhārā; 5 upādāna-kkhandhā 6 ajjhattikāni āyatanāni (their rise &…

Lokiya & lokika

(adj.)

1. (ordinarily) “belonging to the world,” i.e
   1. world-wide, covering the whole world, famed, widely known Thag.554; Ja.vi.198.
   2. (-˚) belonging to the world of, an i …

Lokiya & lokika

(adj.)

1. (ordinarily) “belonging to the world,” i.e
   1. world-wide, covering the whole world, famed, widely known Thag.554; Ja.vi.198.
   2. (-˚) belonging to the world of, an i …

…not greedy, not distracted (by desire), self-controlled SN.v.148; Snp.65.

• -bhava greediness,…

…not greedy, not distracted (by desire), self-controlled SN.v.148; Snp.65.

• -bhava greediness,…

adjective insignificant, poor, inferior, bad, sinful. The usual syn. is pāpa
■ Vin.ii.76; Vism.268 (= pāpaka); Dhs-a.45; Kp-a.243 (= khudda); Pp-a 229 (nīca lāmaka = oṇata); Kp\ …

…destroy Snp.770 (= abhibhavati Mnd.12); Cnd.85 (madditvā = abhibhuyya); Snp-a.450; Mhvs.1, Mhvs.41
■ fig. to crush a heresy: vādaṃ…

1. a road (usually high road), way, foot-path Vism.708 (maggaṃ agata-pubba-purisa, simile of); Vb-a.256 (tiyojana˚, simile of a man travelling); Dhp-a.i.229- addhāna˚; high road Vin.iv.62; MN. …

…[Cp. BSk. māhendra in ˚bhavana “the abode of the Great Indra,” and vaṛṣa “the rain of the Gr. I.” (here as rain-god), both at…

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

1. laziness, slackness SN.i.110.
2. dullness of mind, stupidity Ja.iii.38 (= manda-bhāva).

cp. Sk. māndya

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

human being, man. The popular etym. connects m. with Manu(s), the ancestor of men, e.g. Kp-a.123: “Manuno apaccā ti manussā, porāṇā pana bhaṇanti ʻmana-ussannatāya manussa’; te Jambudīpakā, Aparagoy …

…much, some, enough (of); vibhava riches enough Ja.v.40; kā pi assāsa-mattā laddhā found some relief? Pv-a.104 (may be = mattā f.) 4. like,…

(-sambhava) born (from a mother) Snp.620 (= mātari sambhūta Snp-a.466) = Dhp.396 (= mātu santike udarasmiṃ sambhūta Dhp-a.iv.158).

for…

adjective (-˚ only) made of, consisting of
■ An interesting analysis (interesting for judging the views and sense of etymology of an ancient commentator) of maya is given by Dhamm …

adjective staggering, confused troubled, discontented Vin.ii.118; SN.v.74; Dhp.249 Mnd.150; Dhp-a.iii.41, Dhp-a.iii.359 (with loc.)
■ f. pl. maṅkū Vin.i.93
■ dummaṅku “st …

to love, to be fat: “mejjati mettā siniyhatī ti attho” love, amity, sympathy, friendliness, active interest in others. There are var. def^ns & explains of mettā: the stereotype “*metti mettā …

adjective

1. mixed (with: -˚); various Vin.i.33 (kesa˚, jatā˚ etc. = a mixture of, various); Thag.143; Ja.iii.95, Ja.iii.144 (udaka-paṇṇa˚ yāgu); Pv.i.9#2 (missā kiṭakā). nt. missaṃ as adv. “in a …

friend. Usually m., although nt. occurs in meaning “friend,” in sg. (Ne.164) & pl. (Snp.185 Snp.187); in meaning “friendship” at Ja.vi.375 (= mittabhāva C.). The half-scientific, half-popular etym …

stupidity, dullness of mind & soul, delusion bewilderment, infatuation DN.iii.146, DN.iii.175, DN.iii.182, DN.iii.214, DN.iii.270; Vin.iv.144, Vin.iv.145; Snp.56, Snp.74, Snp.160, Snp.638, Snp.847; Vb …

softness, impressibility, plasticity AN.i.9; DN.iii.153 (translation “loveliness”); Dhs.44 (+ maddavatā), Dhs.1340 (id.); Vism.463 sq.; Dhs-a.151 (= mudubhāva) cp. Dhs. trsl. §1340.

cp. Sk. mṛdut …

holy man, a sage, wise man.

I

The term which was specialised in Brahmanism has acquired a general meaning in Buddhism & is applied by the Buddha to any man attaining perfection in self-rest …

killed SN.i.66; Vin.iii.72; Ja.ii.417 (aññehi m
■ bhāvaṃ jānātha).

pp. of māreti

…matti-sambhava. -Matika

Vedic mātā, stem mātar˚, Av. mātar-, Gr. μήτηρ (Doric μάτηρ) Lat. māter, Oir….

…as “hetu, nidāna, sambhava” etc. at Cnd. s.v.; Snp.14 = Snp.369 (akusalā mũlā n. pl. = ākāra or patiṭṭhā Snp-a.23); Pv.ii.3#33…

the stars or constellations, a conjunction of the moon with diff. constellations, a lunar mansion or the constellations of the lunar zodiac, figuring also as Names of months & determinant factors of h …

…sq.; AN.ii.10 (kāma˚, bhava˚, diṭṭhi˚), AN.iii.246, AN.iv.423 sq. (dhamma˚); Snp.1055 (+ nivesana); Cnd.330 (= taṇhā); Pp.57;…

non-existence Dhp-a.iii.324.

n’ atthi-bhāva

…age & death, which belongs to the wheel of Saṃsāra of the chariot of existence, bhavaratha); Dhp-a.ii.124 (˚vaṭṭi); Vv-a.277.

Vedic…

adjective belonging to niraya or purgatory, hellish; one doomed to suffering in purgatory (n. satta = inhabitant of n. Vin.ii.205 (āpāyiko n. kappaṭṭho); Vin.iv.7; DN.iii.6, DN.iii.9, DN.iii.12; AN.i. …

…Iti.38 (bhava˚), Iti.94 (netticchinna bhikkhu = Arahant). Cp. nettika² dhamma˚, bhava˚.

Vedic netrī, f. to…

…with food or water, in bhava˚; (“the roots of existence, clinging to existence”) DN.i.46 (ucchinna˚ with the roots of existence cut);…

Ni˚

Nearly all (ultimately prob. all) words under this heading are compounds with the pref. ni.

A. Forms

1. Pāli ni˚; combines the two prefixes ni, nis (nir). They ar …

adjective

1. without forest, woodless Ja.ii.358.
2. an abstr. fr. nibbāna, see nibbāna I. cp. vana². Freq. nibbāna as variant reading instead of nibbana without cravin …

…ujuṃ akuṭilaṃ n. karoti), Dhp-a.i.295; Vv-a.284 (˚bhava = jitindriya).

nis + visevana

…punappunaṃ SN.i.188 vibhavañ ca bhavañ ca vippahāya vusitavā khīṇapunabbhavo sa bhikkhu Snp.514; bhava-nirodha nibbānaṃ…

…(fire); Sdhp.552 (bhavadukkh aggiṃ). 2. to cleanse, purify (cittaṃ, one’s heart Vism.305

pp nibbāpita….

to deprive of the marks or characteristics (of virility), to castrate Thig.437 (= purisa-bhāvassa lacchana-bhūtāni bījakāni nillacchesi nīhari Thag-a.270). See also nillañchaka & nillacchita.

nis …

adjective useless, groundless, unproficient, vain (opp. sāttha profitable) Snp.582 (nt. as adv.), Snp.585 (niratthā paridevanā); Dhp.41; Ja.iii.26; Pv-a.18 (˚bhāva uselessness), Pv-a.83 (= duḥ).

nis + attha

…nandi˚ SN.iii.14; SN.iv.36; bhava (= nibbāna) SN.ii.117; SN.iii.14; AN.v.9; Pts.i.159; sakkāya DN.iii.240; SN.v.410; AN.ii.165 sq.; AN.iii.246,…

…sq.; Ja.iii.530 Ja.vi.269; Nd ii.under nissita; Pts.ii.10 sq.; Mil.95, Mil.225 (bhava˚). See also nissaraṇa. Cp. abhi˚.

pp. of nis + sarati,…

adjective having lost his (or its) splendour or prosperity Ja.vi.225 (ājīvika), Ja.vi.456 (rājabhavana).

nis + sirī

…(id.); Vism.32; Sdhp.334 (bhava˚), Sdhp.619 (tiloka˚).

Sk. nistaraṇa, nis + taraṇa, cp. nittharati

Nittharaṇa²

neuter…

…Ja.i.265; Ja.ii.158;

• -bhavana the world of snakes Mnd.448; Ja.iii.275; Dhp-a.iv.14; *…

…idh’ aññāya acchiduṃ bhavabandhanaṃ); Snp.1036, Snp.1100; Mnd.435 = Cnd.339 (nāma = cattāro arūpino khandhā); Dhp-a.iv.100 (on…

exultation, elation Mnd.3 = Cnd.446 = Dhs.9, Dhs.86, Dhs.285, Dhs.373; Dhs-a.143 (= udaggasabhāva a “topmost” condition).

der. fr. udagga

only in stock phrase kāmānaṃ ādīnavo okāro sankileso DN.i.110, DN.i.148 (= lāmaka-bhāva DN-a.i.277); MN.i.115 MN.i.379, MN.i.405 sq.; MN.ii.145; AN.iv.186; Ne.42 (variant reading vokāra) Dhp-a.i.6, …

Okāsa

1. lit. “visibility”, (visible) space as geometrical term, open space, atmosphere, air as space DN.i.34 (ananto okāso); Vism.184 (with disā pariccheda), Vism.243 (id.); Pv-a.14 (okāsaṃ pharitvā …

adjective forming a substratum for rebirth (always with ref. to puñña, merit). Not with Morris, J.P.T.S. 1885 38 as “exceedingly great”; the correct interpretation is given by Dhpāla at Vv-a.154 as “ …

…out; ˚bhāti shine forth; ˚bhavati grow up, prevail; ˚dūseti spoil entirely; ˚jahati give up entirely; ˚tapeti make shine exceedingly (C….

…Iti.37 (āhāra-netti˚); Snp.728, Snp.1050; Nd ii.under mūla (with syn. of sambhava & samuṭṭhāna etc.); Ja.iii.402 Ja.vi.518.

fr….

see pahoti.

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

might, power, strength, majesty, dignity Ja.v.36; Ja.vi.449.

fr. pa + bhū

to increase, augment, foster Pv.ii.9#64 = Dhp-a.iii.220 (dakkhiṇeyyaṃ)
pp pabhāvita.

Caus. of pabhavati

increased, furthered, promoted Thag.767 (bhava-netti˚); explained by samuṭṭhita C.

pp. of pabhāveti

nodding, wavering (of the eyelids), blinking, being sleepy Dhs.1157 (= akkhidalādīnaṃ pacalabhāvaṃ karoti Dhs-a.378).

abstr. fr. pacalāyati

…+ anu + bhū, BSk. pratyanubhavati Divy.54, Divy.262 etc.

-nā (f.) looking at, consideration regard, attention, reflection, contemplation, reviewing (cp.; Cpd. 58) MN.i.415; DN.iii.278; AN.iii.27; Pp.21 (a˚) Dhs.390 (a˚ = dhammānaṃ sabhāvaṃ pati na apek …

anointing, ointment, unction DN.i.12 = MN.i.511; DN-a.i.98 (= bhavanīya-sītalabhessajj’ añjanaṃ).

paṭi + añjana

exertion, energetic effort, striving, concentration of mind DN.iii.30 DN.iii.77, DN.iii.104, DN.iii.108, DN.iii.214, DN.iii.238; MN.ii.174, MN.ii.218; SN.i.47; SN.ii.268 SN.iv.360; SN.v.244 sq.; AN.ii …

adjective learned, full of knowledge, clever, well-acquainted, familiar DN.iii.170; Vv.53#2 (= nipuṇa Vv-a.232); Ja.ii.243; Ja.iv.130; Ja.v.399; Vism.95 (Majjhimo me paguṇo: I am well versed in the …

…MN.iii.76; SN.ii.184; as pabhavati at Snp.728 = Snp.1050 (cp. Cnd.401) (perf. med.) pahottha it has arisen from (gen.),…

-itatta (nt.) are abstr. formations fr. pa + mad, in the sense of pamāda carelessness etc., occur as philological synonyms in exegesis of pamāda at Vb.350 = Mnd.423; Cnd.405. …

contempt, disrespect Vin.iv.241; AN.iii.191; Ja.v.436; Ja.vi.164; Vb.353 sq.; Pv-a.257.

pari + bhū

Err:509

also paribhoti to treat with contempt, to neglect, despise SN.i.69; AN.iii.174 sq (˚bhoti); Ja.iii.16; Ja.v.442; Mil.23, Mil.259; Pv-a.266. grd. paribhotabba SN.i.69; Snp.p.93. (= paribhavitabba …

permeation, penetration Dhs-a.163 (= vāsanā).

fr. paribhāveti

…(q.v.).

Caus. of paribhavati

1. penetrated, supplied, filled with, trained, set DN.ii.81 (saddhā-p. cittaṃ, sīla etc.; trsl. “set round with,” cp. Dial. ii.86), cp. SN.v.369; Snp.23 (cittaṃ p.; Snp-a.37 saṃvāsiya); Mil.361; P …

treated with contempt, disregarded, despised Vin.iv.6; SN.ii.279; Mil.229, Mil.288.

pp. of paribhavati

…DN.iii.97, DN.iii.133 (˚bhava-saṃyojana); Iti.79 (id.); AN.iv.418, AN.iv.434 (āsavā); Snp.175, Snp.639, Snp.640; Dhp.93 Pp.11, Pp.14;…

“complete Nibbāna” in two meanings:

1. complete extinction of khandhalife; i.e. all possibility of such life & its rebirth, final release from (the misery of) rebirth and transmigration death (after …

…Mil.265.

doublet of…

…master, get the better of SN.iv.112; exegetically in formula sahati p. abhibhavati ajjhottharati etc. Mnd.12, Mnd.361 = Cnd.420.

pari + sahati

adjective clean, clear, pure, perfect Vin.ii.237; MN.i.26; MN.iii.11; SN.ii.199 (˚dhammadesanā); SN.iii.235; SN.v.301, SN.v.354; AN.iii.125 (˚ñāṇa-dassana), AN.iv.120 sq.; Ja.i.265; Vism.2 (accanta˚) …

“taking up completely,” i.e. using up, consummation, consumption finishing, end MN.i.487 (kaṭṭha˚, opp. to upādāna) SN.i.152; SN.iii.16 sq. (cetaso p., cp. pariyādāya & ˚dinna), SN.iv.33 (sabb’ upādān …

adjective noun high & low, far & near; pl. in sense of “all kinds” (cp. uccâvaca). The word is found only in the Sutta Nipāta, viz. Snp.353 (variant reading BB varāvaraṃ, varovaraṃ; explained as “loku …

defeat, destruction, ruin, disgrace SN.ii.241; AN.ii.73; AN.iv.26; Snp.91–Snp.115; Ja.iii.331; Snp-a.167.

fr. parā + bhu Vedic parābhava

1. to go to ruin Snp.91 (= parihāyati vinassati).
2. to win through, to surpass Thag.1144 (cp. trsl. 381⁴)

pp parābhūta (q.v.) See also *[parābhetvā](/define/parābhe …

ruined, fallen into disgrace MN.ii.210 (avabhūta +)
■ Note. parābhūta at Ja.v.416 is to be read parabhuta (q.v.).

pp. of parābhavati

cattle MN.i.79; Ja.v.105; Pv.ii.13#12 (˚yoni); Mil.100; Pv-a.166 (˚bhāva); n. pl pasavo SN.i.69; Snp.858; gen. pl. pasūnaṃ Snp.311; Pv.ii.2#5
■ dupasu bad cattle Thag.446.

Vedic paśu, cp. Lat. pec …

adjective very thin Ja.vi.578 (˚kesa); Dhs.362 (˚bhāva) = Dhs-a.238; Kv.299 (id.).

pa + tanu

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

transitive

1. to send forth, set going Vin.i.87 (assūni); SN.ii.282 (id.) Ja.i.147 (selagulaṃ pavaṭṭ˚); esp. in phrase dhammacakkaṃ p. to inaugurate the reign of righteousness Vin.i.8, Vin.i.11; MN …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

intelligence, comprising all the higher faculties of cognition, “intellect as conversant with general truths” (Dial. ii.68), reason wisdom, insight, knowledge, recognition. See on term Mrs. Rh. D. * …

adjective having a manifestation or name, in a˚-bhāva state without designation, state of non-manifestation, indefinite or unknown state (with ref to the passing nature of the phenomenal world) Dhp\ …

…grasping Mrs. Rh. D.), bhava (action or character Cpd.; renewed existence Mrs. Rh. D.), jāti birth…

obtaining, receiving, taking up, acquisition, assumption, attainment DN.i.195; MN.i.50; AN.ii.93, AN.ii.143; Pts.ii.182, Pts.ii.189; Mnd.262; Dhp.333; Pp.57; Vv-a.113; Pv-a.50, Pv-a.73, Pv-a.74
…

to feel, experience, undergo, perceive DN.i.43, DN.i.45; AN.i.157 (domanassaṃ); AN.iv.406 (id.); Pp.59; Pv-a.192 (mahādukkhaṃ). There is also a by-form, viz. paṭisaṃvediyati SN.ii.18, SN.ii.75, SN …

Phala¹

neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]

1. (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …

…cp. sphāra & sphārī bhavati to open, expand) expanding, opening, blossoming in cpd. aggi-nikāsi-phālima paduma Ja.iii.320 (where Cy….

envy, desire MN.i.304; Ja.i.197; Vism.392 (Bhagavantaṃ disvā Buddha-bhāvāya pihaṃ anuppādetvā thita-satto nāma n’ atthi)
■ adj apiha without desire SN.i.181.

fr. spṛh, cp. Sk. spṛhā

…sq., AN.ii.172; AN.iii.84, AN.iii.86; AN.v.88; Ne.72; Vism.506 Vb-a.110.

fr. punabbhava, with preservation of the second o (puno → punaḥ)…

occurs only in one phrase (gattāni pubbāpayamāno) at MN.i.161 & AN.iii.345 ≈ AN.iii.402 in meaning “drying again”; at both A pass. the vv. ll (glosses) are “sukkhāpayamāno” and “pubba-sadisāni kuru …

…(punappunaṃ, punabbhava); it is quite lost in the enclitic form pana
■ We find r in punar āgami Snp.339; punar…

…sq.; Snp-a.131 sq.

• -bhava “being in front,” i.e. superior DN-a.i.75 (in exegesis of porī). *…

adjective preceding, former, earlier, before (opp pacchima) DN.i.179; Snp.773, Snp.791, Snp.1011; Mnd.91; Ja.i.110; Snp-a.149 (˚dhura); Pv-a.1, Pv-a.26. In sequence p. majjhima pacchima; past, pres …

…(= male); Vb-a.497;

• -bhava state of being a man, manhood, virility Ja.iii.124; Dhs.634 Dhs.415, Dhs.839; Pv-a.63. *…

…but cp. BSk pṛṭhag bhavati to be peculiar to Divy.58, Divy.100

• -mati wide understanding SN.i.236. *…

…(avijj’ âbhikhūta, bhava-taṇh’ âbhibhūta), Vb-a.186 (ummat taka, opposed to upabrūhita-ñāṇa-purisa, exemplifying upādāna…

1. a son SN.i.210; Snp.35, Snp.38, Snp.60, Snp.557, Snp.858; Dhp.62, Dhp.84 Dhp.228, Dhp.345; Ja.iv.309; Vism.645 (simile of 3 sons); Pv-a.25, Pv-a.63, Pv-a.73 sq.; DN-a.i.157 (dāsaka˚). Four kind …

merit meritorious action, virtue. Always represented as foundation and condition of heavenly rebirth & a future blissful state, the enjoyment (& duration) of which depends on the amount of merit accum …

adjective

1. common, vulgar, uncontrolled in phrase pākat-indriya of uncontrolled mind SN.i.61 (= saṃvarâbhāvena gihikāle viya vivaṭa-indriya K.S. 320), SN.i.204; SN.iii.93; SN.v.269; AN.i.70, …

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

…(dukkhassa), SN.iv.210 (bhavassa); AN.ii.9 (id.); AN.iii.223; Iti.33 (jarāya) Dhp.348. (b) gone to the end of (gen. or -˚), reached…

…to appear): pres. pātubhavati DN.i.220; DN.ii.12, DN.ii.15, DN.ii.20 DN.ii.226; MN.i.445; SN.iv.78; Pv.ii.9#41 (pot….

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

Rahas & Raho

neuter lonely place, solitude, loneliness; secrecy, privacy.

1. raho: occurring only as adv. “secretly, lonely, in secret,” either absolutely, e.g. SN.i.46; Snp.38 …

Rahas & Raho

neuter lonely place, solitude, loneliness; secrecy, privacy.

1. raho: occurring only as adv. “secretly, lonely, in secret,” either absolutely, e.g. SN.i.46; Snp.38 …

…jhāne), SN.iv.389 sq. (bhava etc.); Snp.54 (sangaṇika˚), Snp.212, Snp.250, Snp.327, Snp.330 (dhamme), Snp.461 (yaññe), Snp.737 (upasame);…

…of SN.i.133 (˚ṃ paccanubhavati), SN.i.207; SN.iii.256; Snp.41 (= anukkhaṇṭhit adhivacanaṃ Cnd.537), Snp.59 (id.), Snp.270, Snp.642,…

…see Cnd. s.v. chanda; cp bhava-rāga-ratta.

pp. of rañjati, cp. Sk. rakta

Ratta²

neuter & (poet.); rattā (f.) (rarely)…

illness, disease
■ The defⁿ of roga at Ja.ii.437 is “roga rujana-sabhāvattaṃ.” There are many diff enumerations of rogas and sets of standard combinations, of which the foll. may be ment …

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

hurting, feeling pain Ja.ii.437 (roga = rujana-sabhāvattaṃ); Ja.iv.147 (yāva piṭṭhiyā rujana-ppamāṇaṃ until his back ached).

fr. ruj, cp. rujā

molestation, vexation, trouble Ja.iii.368 (= ghaṭṭana dūsana kuppana C.). Frequent in allegorical exegesis of rūpa, e.g. at Dhs-a.52 (naman aṭṭhena nāmaṃ ruppan’ aṭṭhena rūpaṃ), Dhs-a.303 (rūp’ ādīh …

…pajahanti kāmarāgaṃ bhavararāganu-sayañ ca pahāya… parinibbāna-gatā Vv.53#24; kusalo jahati pāpakaṃ… rāga dosa-mohakkhayā…

…cakkavattissa anuyuttā bhavanti: so read for anuyantā); Snp.553 (bhoja˚ similar to rāja-bhoggā or bhogiyā as given at Snp-a.453);…

…cakkavattissa anuyuttā bhavanti: so read for anuyantā); Snp.553 (bhoja˚ similar to rāja-bhoggā or bhogiyā as given at Snp-a.453);…

…form)) Snp-a.245.

• -bhava material existence: see above D 2.
• -rāga lust after rebirth in rūpa…

1. state (of mind), nature, condition Mil.90, Mil.212, Mil.360; Pv-a.39 (ummattaka˚), Pv-a.98 (santa˚), Pv-a.219.
2. character, disposition, behaviour Pv-a.13, Pv-a.35 (ullumpana˚), Pv-a.220 (lo …

companionship Vv.47#7 (= sahabhāva Vv-a.202). -ūpaga coming into union with DN.i.245.

fr. sahāya, cp. Sk. sāhāyya

…attain perfection) DN.ii.143; Thag.1045; Mil.138. Sakaruna-bhava

sa³ + karaṇīya

Sakaruṇa-bhāva

being full of compassion Snp-a.318.

sa³ + karuṇa + bhāva

companion, friend;
■ nom. sakhā Ja.ii.29; Ja.ii.348;
■ acc. sakhāraṃ Ja.ii.348; Ja.v.509; sakhaṃ Ja.ii.299;
■ instr. sakhinā Ja.iv.41;
■ abl. sakhārasmā Ja.iii.534;
■ gen. *sakhino …

…SN.i.40, SN.i.192 bhava˚; Dhp.351; rāga˚; Dhp-a.iii.404; Pv-a.230; soka˚ Snp.985; Pv.i.86; Kp-a.153. Cp. also DN.ii.283;…

…seeking birth MN.i.48; SN.ii.11; Snp.147. Sambhavati, sambhunati & sambhoti;

saṃ + bhava

coming into existence Ne.28.

fr. sambhavati

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate,…

1. mixed, mixed up Vin.i.210; Vin.ii.67, Vin.ii.68 (cp. Vin. Texts ii.431); Ja.i.55; Snp.9 Snp.319 (˚mariyāda-bhāva confusing the dividing lines, indistinctness), Snp.325 (id.). Said of a woman (i. …

Sambhoti

see sambhavati.

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate,…

Sambhuṇāti

see sambhavati.

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate,…

supposition, assumption, the meaning of the particle sace Vin.i.372#2; cp Ja.ii.29; Dhp-a.ii.77.

fr. sambhāveti

honour, reverence, intention, confidence Mhvs.29, Mhvs.55; Dhs-a.163 (= okappanā); Sdhp.224.

fr. sambhāveti

…Vv-a.152 MN-a.156
pp sambhāvita.

Caus. of sambhavati. The Dhtp (512) gives a special root sambhu in…

arisen from, produced Snp.272 (atta˚ self-; cp. Snp-a.304; attabhāva-pariyāye attani s.); SN.i.134.

pp. of sambhavati

adjective face to face with, in presence; sammukhaciṇṇa a deed done in a person’s presence Ja.iii.27; sammukhā (abl.)

1. face to face before, from before DN.ii.155; Snp.p.79; Ja …

…honour Mhvs.22, Mhvs.48. 4. prosperity splendour Ja.iv.455; Mhvs.38, Mhvs.92; s. bhavaloko Pts.i.122 Cp. samāpatti & sampadā.

saṃ +…

1. concentration; a concentrated, self-collected, intent state of mind and meditation which, concomitant with right living, is a necessary condition to the attainment of higher wisdom and emancipatio …

Samāna¹

adjective similar, equal, even, same Snp.18, Snp.309; Ja.ii.108. Cp. sāmañña¹.

Vedic samāna, fr. sama³

Samāna²

1. being, existing DN.i.18, DN.i …

attainment AN.iii.5; SN.ii.150 sq.; SN.iv.293 (saññā-vedayita-nirodha˚); Dhs.30 Dhs.101; a stage of meditation AN.i.94; Dhs.1331; Ja.i.343 Ja.i.473; Pv-a.61 (mahā-karuṇā˚); Mnd.100, Mnd.106, Mnd.1 …

Santa¹

calmed, tranquil, peaceful, pure DN.i.12; Vin.i.4; SN.i.5; AN.ii.18; Snp.746; Pv.iv.1#34 (= upasanta-kilesa Pv-a.230); Mil.232, Mil.409; Vism.155 (˚anga; opp. oḷārik’anga); Dhp-a …

-thambhitatta (nt.) stiffening, stiffness, rigidity Dhs.636; Dhs-a.324; Ja.i.10 (a-santhambhana-bhāva).

abstr. fr. santhambhati

adjective with its essential properties (see rasa) Mnd.43; sarasabhāva a method of exposition Dhs-a.71.

sa³ + rasa

lying down Ja.i.338; Ja.v.438. sukha˚; lying in a good position, sleeping well, well-embedded (of seeds) AN.iii.404 = DN.ii.354; Mil.255. sukha-sayitabhāva “having had a good sleep,” being well …

…of sense MN.i.38.

• -bhava conscious existence Vism.572; Vb-a.183.
• -maya arūpin MN.i.410 (opp. manomaya = rūpin). *…

one who lives with somebody Snp.22; a˚-bhāva impossibility to co-reside Mil.249.

fr. saṃvāsa

…sīlabbataparāmāsa, bhavarāga, issā macchariya, avijjā); compare, however, Dhs.1002.

A diff. enumⁿ of seven saṃyojanas…

Saṅgahita & ˚gahīta

1. comprised, included Mil.40 (eka˚); Pv-a.80.
2. collected Mhvs.10, Mhvs.24.
3. grouped Kv.335 sq.
4. restrained Snp.388 (˚attabhāva); Snp-a.291 (˚atta).
5. kindly disposed Vv.1 …

Saṅgahita & ˚gahīta

1. comprised, included Mil.40 (eka˚); Pv-a.80.
2. collected Mhvs.10, Mhvs.24.
3. grouped Kv.335 sq.
4. restrained Snp.388 (˚attabhāva); Snp-a.291 (˚atta).
5. kindly disposed Vv.1 …

…DN.i.84; AN.iii.396. bhava˚ amassing of existences Ja.i.165 sq., Ja.i.366, Ja.i.463; Ja.ii.137. 4. aṭavi˚; at AN.i.178; AN.iii.66 is…

…SN.ii.266; Pv-a.210; bhavasankhāra, jīvitasaṅkhāra DN.ii.99, DN.ii.107. (ii.) Essential conditions, antecedents or synergy…

1. established in (-˚), settled, composed Snp.330 (santi-soracca-samādhi˚); Sdhp.458 su˚; firmly or well established Snp.755; Mil.383; in a good position, well situated Dhs-a.65.
2. being compos …

adjective loose, lax, bending, yielding SN.i.49, SN.i.77 = Dhp.346 = Ja.ii.140; Ja.i.179; Ja.ii.249; Mil.144; Dhp-a.iv.52, Dhp-a.iv.56; Pv-a.13. In compound with bhū as sithilī˚; …

erotic sentiment; siṅgāratā (f.) fondness of decorations Ja.i.184; an elegant dress, finery Mil.2; (adj.) elegant, graceful (thus read) Ja.ii.99 singāra-bhāva being elegant or graceful (said of a h …

…ânubhavana-lakkhaṇaṃ, etc.). A synonym of it is veda 1. On term see also Cpd. 277.

*…

…eightfold path* SN.v.347 bhava -s. torrent of rebirth SN.i.15; SN.iv.128; viññāṇa-s flux of mind, DN.iii.105; nom. sing….

well-being, safety, bless ing AN.iii.38 = AN.iv.266 (“brings future happiness”) Ja.i.335; s. hotu hail! DN.i.96; sotthiṃ in safety, safely Dhp.219 (= anupaddavena Dhp-a.iii.293); Pv.iv.6#4 (= niru …

adjective safe MN.i.117; Vv.18#7 (= sotthika Vv-a.95); Ja.vi.339 (in the shape of a svastika?); Pv.iv.3#3 (= sotthi-bhāva-vāha Pv-a.250). -ālaṅkāra a kind of auspicious mark Ja.vi.488.

either …

…i.e. of the kind of experiencing pleasant contacts)
■ Two kinds, viz *kāyika &…

Suta¹

1. heard; in special sense “received through inspiration or revelation” learned; taught A 97 sq.; DN.iii.164 sq., DN.iii.241 sq.; freq in phrase “iti me sutaṃ” thus have I heard, I ha …

emptiness, “void,” unsubstantiality, phenomenality; freedom from lust, ill-will and dullness, Nibbāna MN.iii.111; Kv.232; Dhs-a.221; Ne.118 sq., Ne.123 sq., Ne.126; Mil.16; Vism.333 (n’atthi; *[suññ …

adjective general, common, joint Vin.ii.258; Vin.iii.35; Thig.505; Ja.i.202, Ja.i.302; Ja.iv.7 (pañca˚-bhāva 5 fold connection); Ne.49 sq.; Pv-a.122, Pv-a.194, Pv-a.265. a˚ Ja.i.78; DN-a.i.71.

…sq.; Mnd.30 (three, of bhava); Pv.ii.11#3; Pv.iv.5#4 (+ sukha); Dhs.3. asāta disagreeable unpleasant Dhs.1343; Ja.i.410;…

conduct, behaviour, character; said of bad behaviour, e.g. Ja.iii.74 = Ja.iv.71; emphasized as dussīlya, e.g. SN.v.384; AN.i.105; AN.v.145 sq.; opp. sādhu-sīliya Ja.ii.137 (= sundara-sīla-bhāva …

…cool Vin.ii.122; sīti-bhavati to become cooled tranquillized SN.ii.83; SN.iii.126; SN.iv.213; SN.v.319; Snp.1073 (sīti-siyā, Pot. of…

adjective cold, cool Ja.ii.128; DN-a.i.1; Mil.246; tranquil Ja.i.3; (nt.) coolness Mil.76, Mil.323; Vv-a.44, Vv-a.68, Vv-a.100; Pv-a.77, Pv-a.244. sītalībhāva becoming cool Sdhp.33.

cp. Vedic śītala

swollen Mil.357#2; Ja.vi.555; often wrongly spelt suna (q.v.) Vin.ii.253 = AN.iv.275 (cp. Leumann Gött. Anz., 1899, p. 595); Dhs-a.197 (suna-bhāva).

Sk. śūna

Sūra¹

valiant, courageous SN.i.21; Ja.i.262, Ja.i.320; Ja.ii.119; (m.) a hero, a valiant man DN.i.51 DN.i.89; DN.iii.59, DN.iii.142, DN.iii.145 sq; AN.iv.107, AN.iv.110; Snp.831; DN-a.157 …

…in dark spheres), cp. bhavagge (& Sk. tamaḥ pāre) SN.v. 154, SN.v.163.

• -andhakāra (complete) darkness (of…

1. (adj.) thin, tender, small, slender Vv.16#2 (vara graceful = uttamarūpa-dhara Vv-a.79; perhaps to 2) Pv-a.46 (of hair: fine + mudhu).
2. (n. nt.) body (orig. slender part of the body = waist) V …

adverb so, thus (and not otherwise, opp. aññathā), in this way, likewise Snp.1052 (variant reading yathā); Ja.i.137, etc
■ Often with eva tath’ eva just so, still the same, not different DN.iii.135 …

…aspects (as kāma-taṇhā, bhava & vibhava˚) with relation to the 6 senses discussed at Vism.567 sq.; also under the term cha-taṇha-kāyā…

adjective solid, hard, firm; strenuous, powerful Ja.i.220 Ja.iv.106 (= daḷha); Mil.194 (thir-âthira-bhāva strength or weakness); Vv-a.212 (id.), Vv-a.35 (= thāmavant); Sdhp.321.

Vedic sthira, har …

immobility, firmness, security, solidity, an undisturbed state; always in janapada˚; an appeased country, as one of the blessings of the reign of a Cakkavattin. Explained at DN-a.i.250 as “janapade …

…itiha. -bhava becoming so & so (opp. abhava not becoming) Vin.ii.184 (˚abhava); DN.i.8 (ip = iti bhavo iti abhavo…

…i.e. Heaven Mil.291;

• -bhavana the state of the 30, i.e. heavenly existence Vv-a.164 (= Tāvatiṃsabhavana).

Vedic…

preposition & adverb (always ˚-) across, beyond, over, outside afar. See also tiraccha & tiriyaṃ.

-karaṇī (f.) a curtain, a veil (lit. “drawing across” Vin.i.276; Vin.ii.152; -kucchigata havin …

indeclinable silently, esp. in phrase tuṇhī ahosi he remained silent, as a sign of consent or affirmative answer (i.e. he had nothing to say against it) DN.ii.155; AN.v.194; Dhp.227; Snp.720 (tuṇhī …

adjective noun (nom. tādī & tādi, in compounds tādi˚) such, such like of such (good) qualities, “ecce homo”; in pregnant sense appl. to the Bhagavant & Arahants, characterized as “such” in 5 ways: see …

…combination tālāvatthu bhavati (to be pulled out by the roots & thrown away; Ja.v.267 (= chinnamūla-tālo viya niraye nibbattanti p….

…(attano kenaci anabhibhavanīyataṃ eva tāva: that he is not to be overpowered, even by anyone). tāva-d-eva just now instantly, on…

…Dhp-a.iii.8;

• -bhavana the realm of the 33 gods Ja.i.202; Vism.207 sq., Vism.390, Vism.416, and passim.

tayo +…

birth, origination, production Pgdp.91 (dānassa phal˚). Cp. BSk. udbhāvanā Divy.184 (guṇ˚) Divy.492 (id.).

ud + bhava

elation, elated state of mind MN.iii.159; -bhāva id. DN-a.i.122; Sdhp.167. See next.

either a secondary formation fr. ubbilāvita, or representing uppilava (uppilāva) for upplava, ud + plu as d …

…annihilate SN.v.432 (bhavataṇhaṃ), AN.iv.17 (fut. ucchecchāmi to be read with variant reading for T. ucchejjissāmi); Snp.2 (pret….

over-balancing, agitation, excitement distraction, flurry (see on meaning; Dialogues i.82; Dhs trsl^n. 119; Cpd. 18, 45, 83). AN.i.256, AN.i.282; AN.iii.375, AN.iii.421 AN.iii.449; AN …

come out, risen; high, lofty, exalted Ja.iv.213 (suriya), Ja.iv.296 (˚atta), Ja.iv.490; Ja.v.244; Pv.iv.1#4 (˚atta one who has risen = uggata-sabhāva samiddha Pv-a.220); Vv-a.217 (˚mānasa); DN-a.i …

…Ja.ii.31; Ja.vi.68; Mil.140 (bhava-paṭisandhiṃ), Mil.371; Vism.374
caus 2 ugghāṭāpeti to have opened Ja.v.381.

for ugghaṭṭeti, ud…

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

is a commentator’s invention; said to be = gacchati to go Vism.60 (in definition of paṃsu-kūla; paṃsu viya kucchita-bhāvaṃ ulatī ti paṃsu-kūlaṃ).

saving, helping; in phrase -sabhāva-saṇṭhita of a helping disposition, full of mercy DN-a.i.177; Pv-a.35. Same as ullopana (q.v.).

fr. ullumpati

…(kulavaṃso upacchijji aor. pass.); Vism.164, Vism.676 (bhavangaṃ).

upa + chindati

…Snp.774 (dukkha˚), Snp.898 (bhava˚); Ja.iii.45 (thūṇa˚); Ja.iv.271 (dukkh˚); Mnd.38; Dhp.237 (˚yaya = atikkantavayo Dhp-a.iii.337, advanced…

indeclinable over, above (prep. & prefix)

1. (adv. on top, above (opp. adho below) Vin.iv.46 (opp. heṭṭhā) Ja.vi.432; Kp-a.248 (= uddhaṃ; opp. adho); Snp-a.392 (abtimukho u. gacchati explaining pac …

Upekkhā & Upekhā

feminine “looking on”, hedonic neutrality or indifference, zero point between joy & sorrow (Cpd. 66) disinterestedness, neutral feeling, equanimity. Sometimes equivalent to adukkham\ …

Upekkhā & Upekhā

feminine “looking on”, hedonic neutrality or indifference, zero point between joy & sorrow (Cpd. 66) disinterestedness, neutral feeling, equanimity. Sometimes equivalent to adukkham\ …

…Pv-a.20, Pv-a.129 (= pātubhavati); DN-a.i.165.
pass uppajjiyati Vin.i.50
ppr uppajjanto Pv-a.5 Pv-a.21;
fut ˚pajjissati Pv-a.5…

…sanyojanāni); Vb.137 (˚bhava), Vb.411; cp. Compendium, 262 f. (khaṇa); Mil.127 (˚divasa); Vism.571 sq. (˚bhava 9 fold: kāma˚ etc.);…

frightened, terrified, alarmed Vin.ii.184; SN.i.53, SN.i.54 (an˚); Snp.986; Mil.23; Dhp-a.ii.6 (˚mānasa); Pv-a.243 (˚citta), Pv-a.250 (˚sabhāva).

pp. of uttasati, also cp. uttasta

adjective “ut-most”, highest, greatest, best Snp.1054 (dhammaṃ uttamaṃ the highest ideal = Nibbāna for which seṭṭhan Snp.1064; cp. Cnd.317); Dhp.56; Mnd.211; Cnd.502 (in paraphrase of mahā comb^{d …}

Uttara¹

adjective

1. higher, high, superior, upper, only in compounds, Ja.ii.420 (musal˚ with the club on top of him? Cy not clear, perhaps to uttara²); see also below.
2. nort …

adjective great, eminent, excellent, superb, lofty, noble, rich
■ Dhammapāla at Vv-a.10–Vv-a.11 distinguishes 3 meanings: tīhi atthehi ūḷāraṃ paṇītaṃ (excellent), seṭṭhaṃ (best), mahantaṃ (great) …

joy, pleasure Ja.v.6 (but C. = paṇḍita-bhāva).

fr. vaddha¹ 2

(old) age Ja.ii.137 (= vuddhabhāva, mahallakatā C.).

fr. vaddha¹ 1

adjective to be killed, slaughtered or executed; object of execution; meriting death Vin.iv.226; Snp.580 (go vajjho viya); Ja.ii.402 (cora), Ja.vi.483 (= vajjhappatta cora C.); Vism.314; Kp-a.27- *[ …

1. vomited, or one who has vomited Mil.214; Pv-a.80. As nt. vomit at Vin.i.303.
2. (fig.) given up, thrown up, left behind, renounced MN.i.37 (+ catta, mutta & pahīna). Cp. BSk. vāntī-bhāva, syn wi …

…DN-a.i.121; Snp-a.133 (˚bhavana). 2. (pass.; i.e. vattati being in one’s power, dependent, subject Ja.iii.224 Ja.v.316; Thag-a.226 (read…

Vasī˚

is the composition form of vasa in combination with roots kṛ; and bhū, e.g. -kata made dependent, brought into somebody’s power, subject(ed) Thig.295 (= …

adjective barren, sterile DN.i.14, DN.i.56; MN.i.271; SN.ii.29 (a˚); SN.iv.169; SN.v.202 (a˚) Pv.iii.4#5 (a˚ = anipphala C.); Ja.ii.406 (˚sūkariyo: so read for vajjha˚); Mil.95; Vism.508 (˚bhāva); Dhp …

…of compounds like bhavâbhava

• -loha “round metal” (?), one of the 3 kittima-lohāni mentioned at Vb-a.63…

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

…Pv.iv.1#50 (dukkhaṃ = anubhavati Pv-a.241)
■ vediyati: to feel, to experience a sensation or feeling (usually with…

adj. n.

1. piercing, pricking, hitting AN.ii.114 sq. (where it is said of a horse receiving pricks on var. parts, viz. on its hair: loma˚; its flesh: maṃsa˚; its bone: aṭṭhi˚)
   ■ avedha ( …

…on the wrong track, ˚bhava non-existence (or as 4 “more bhava, i.e. wealth), ˚mati doubt, ˚mānana *dis-*respect ˚yoga separation,…

roaming, straying; strayed, confused MN.i.171 (padhāna˚ giving up exertion), 247 (identical). Usually in phrase -citta with wandering (or confused) mind SN.i.61 ‣See explanation of Commentary at

…

1. division, distinction, classification, detail, variety Ja.vi.432 (of paintings); Ne.1 sq., Ne.105; Mil.102, Mil.381; Vism.352 (contrasted with sankhepa); Pv-a.199, Pv-a.282 (rūpa˚ various forms, …

…DN.i.34; Snp.514 (+ bhava), Snp.867 (id.); Mnd.274, Mnd.282; Ja.iii.402 (˚ṃ gata = vināsaṃ patta C.); Ja.v.267 (id.); Dhs-a.392;…

to cease to exist SN.iii.56 (fut. ˚issati); Snp.873 (vibhoti); Mnd.279 (id.)
pp vibhūta.

vi + bhavati

…Pv-a.140 (so read for vibhavanā in attha˚). 2. annihilation, disappearance, making non-existing (cp. vibhava 2) Dhs-a.163 (vibhāvanā…

adjective pertaining to ascertainment, making clear, explaining Pv-a.244 (paramattha˚).

fr. vibhāvana

…Pv-a.92, Pv-a.135. 3. to put out of existence to annihilate [as Caus. of vibhava 2] Dhs-a.163. pp. vibhāvita.

vi…

…[cp. bhūta 1, & vibhava 2] destroyed, annihilated, being without Thag.715; Snp.871 sq., Snp.1113 (= vibhāvita atikkanta vītivatta…

…vi +…

1. arrangement, get up, performance, process Ja.iii.178 (attano vidhānena “in his robes of office”); Vism.66 sq.; Dhs-a.168 = Vism.122 (bhāvanā˚); Vb-a.69, Vb-a.71 (manasikāra˚) Thag-a.273 (id.). …

to abandon, forsake, leave; to give up, dismiss Pv.iii.6#15 (sarīraṃ); Vv-a.119; Pot. vijaheyya Pv.iv.1#10; fut. vijahissati SN.ii.220; Pv.ii.6#7 (jīvitaṃ)
ger vihāya Mhvs.1 …

withdrawal of support, stopping (the nīvaraṇas or any evil influences or corruptions: kilesa˚), arresting, paralysing; elimination discarding Pts.ii.179; Mnd.6; Cnd.338, Cnd.606#b Ja.iii.15 (kilesa˚ \ …

…up, reject Snp.969 (= abhibhavati etc. Mnd.492); Vism.268; Ja.i.303 (jhānabalena kilese v.); Mil.34 (nīvaraṇe); Dhp-a.iv.119 (pītiṃ…

…sattāhaṃ sukhaṃ anubhavanti, sattāhaṃ dukkhaṃ); Ja.v.2 (vemānika-peta-bhavena-kammassa sarikkhako vipāko ahosi; i.e. by night…

…his relatives; cp BSk. vinābhavati Mvu.i.243); or acc., e.g. Mhvs.3, Mhvs.10 (na sakkā hi taṃ vinā). In compound vinā-bhāva separation…

…loss DN.i.34 (+ uccheda & vibhava), DN.i.55; Pv.ii.7#10; Vism.427 (so read for vinasa); DN-a.i.120; Pv-a.102 (dhana˚), Pv-a.133. Vinasaka…

…virattaṃ vimuttaṃ); Snp.204 (chandarāga˚), Snp.235 (˚citta āyatike bhavasmiṃ); AN.v.3 AN.v.313; Ja.v.233 (mayi); Sdhp.613.

pp. of…

adjective

1. clean, pure, white DN.ii.14; Mil.93, Mil.247; Dāvs v.28.
2. clear, manifest Mil.93; Dhs-a.321, Dhs-a.328 (a˚); Vb-a.388 sq.

-kiriyā making clear: see under *[vat …

…separation from (-˚), dissociation Vin.ii.259 (ññ) = AN.iv.280; DN.iii.230 (kāma-yoga˚, bhava˚, diṭṭhi˚, avijjā˚ cp. the 4 oghas),…

trusting or trusted; confident; being confided in or demanding confidence, intimate, friendly AN.iii.114; Vin.i.87 (so read for ṭṭh); Vin.iv.21; Ja.ii.305; Ja.iii.343; Mil.109 (bahu˚ enjoying great co …

…eka˚, catu˚ & pañca˚-bhava;, e.g. Kv.261; Vb.137 Tikp.32, Kp.36 sq.; Vism.572; Kp-a.245; Snp-a.19, Snp-a.158 In this meaning…

…Ja.v.454; Ja.vi.119, Ja.vi.251 (= pura & rāja-nivesa C.); Vv.35#1 (= bhavana Vv-a.160). Cp. byamha.

etym.?

…Thag.526 2. vyantibhavati to cease, stop; to come to an end, to be destroyed Kv.597 (by˚); or ˚hoti AN.i.141; AN.iii.74; Pts.i.171…

adjective

1. experienced, accomplished, learned, wise, prudent, clever SN.iv.174 (paṇḍita +), SN.iv.375; AN.iii.117, AN.iii.258; Ja.vi.368; Vv-a.131 (paṇḍita +); Pv-a.39 (id.)
   ■ a˚; unskil …

obstructed, hindered Ja.iv.264; restrained (sabbavāri) see vāri.

• -vata (so read for cārita˚) “having the habit of selfdenial” (translation) SN.i.28 (cp. K.S. …

1. scented Ja.i.65; Ja.ii.235 (su˚); Ja.iii.299; Ja.v.89; Vism.345.
2. [preferably fr. vāseti¹ = vasati²] established, made to be or live, preserved Mhvs.8, Mhvs.2 So also in phr …

…j. MN.ii.71; id SN.i.101; y. bhavan jāneyya SN.i.180
■ The passage MN.ii.157 is somewhat doubtful where we find y. with the ind. and in var….

…yajataṃ DN.i.138 (= detu bhavaṃ DN-a.i.300). 2^nd sg. yajāhi Ja.iii.519; Pv-a.280 and perhaps at Pv.ii.1#6 (for T. yāhi)….

…-bhavana the realm or abode of the y. Mnd.448. -bhūta a yakkha-being, a ghost Pv.iii.5#2 (=…

female yakkha, a vampire. Their character is usually fierce & full of spite & vengeance, addicted to man- & beast-murder (cp. yakkha 2). They are very much like Petīs in habits. With their names cp. …

means for holding, contrivance, artifice, instrument machine, mechanism; fig. instrumentality (as perhaps in, kamma˚ at Th passages)
■ Referring to the machinery (outfit) of a ship (as oars, helm, …

Yāpeti & yapeti

1. (lit.)-
   1. in caus.intensive as well as intrs. sense; in the latter also with short ă; as yapeti and then combined with yāpeti, in …

…Pv-a.126, Pv-a.242; vibhavaṃ acc. to their wealth i.e. plentifully Pv-a.53; sukhaṃ as they liked or pleased…

…the 4 oghas viz. kāma˚, bhava˚, diṭṭhi˚, avijjā˚ or the bonds of craving, existence, false views, and ignorance; enumerated in detail…

…Pv-a.152 (kamma-vipāk ânubhavana˚), Pv-a.154 (gamana˚ passable, variant reading yogya), Pv-a.228 (anubhavana˚).

same as last, in meaning…

…yogas (oghas?), viz. kāma˚ bhava˚, diṭṭhi˚, avijjā˚
■ Also used like an adj. num in meaning “two,” e.g. yugaṃ vā nāvaṃ…

…devā); Snp-a.244 (˚bhavana the abode of the Y.); Kp-a.166 (Yāmato yāva Akaniṭṭhaṃ from the Underworld to the Highest Heaven);…

Yāpeti & yapeti

1. (lit.)-
   1. in caus.intensive as well as intrs. sense; in the latter also with short ă; as yapeti and then combined with yāpeti, in …

… 2. nom.: y. deva-bhava-sampatti up to the attainment of a deva existence Pv-a.167; y. satta divasā up to 7 days, as long as 7 days…

…satt’ āvāsā yāvatā bhavaggaṃ ete aggā ete saṭṭhā [read seṭṭhā

the intellectual faculty, intelligence Dhp.72 (= Dhp-a.ii.73: jānanasabhāva).

nomen agentis from jānāti

…Vin.iv.261; bhavābhava all kinds of existences Snp.801, cp. Mnd.109; Cnd.664; Thag.784 (˚esu =…

adjective (ā + gāḷha 1; cp. Sk. samāgāḍhaṃ] strong, hard, harsh, rough (of speech), usually in instr. as adv āgāḷhena roughly, harshly aN.i.283, aN.i.295; Pp.32 (so to be read for agāḷhena, althoug …

…etc.), AN.iii.116 (bhavataṇhāya), AN.iii.269 sq (nerayikānaṃ etc.); Snp.78, Snp.165, Snp.707, Snp.747; Mnd.25; Pts.i.22 (the four),…

learning, knowing, understanding; knowledge Ja.i.181 (˚sabhāva of the character of knowing, fit to learn); Pv-a.225.

ā + jānana, cp. Sk. ajñāna

…Snp.1070, Snp.1115 (˚sambhava, cp. Cnd.116) Thig.341 (= akiñcanabhāva Thag-a.240; trsl. “cherish no wordly wishes whatsoëer”); Cnd.115,…

…indriyāni tikkhāni bhavanti); Pv-a.64 (yen’ākārena āgato ten’ākārena gato as he came so he went), Pv-a.99 (id.). 5. reason,…

greatness, magnificence majesty, splendour Ja.i.69 (mahanto); Ja.ii.102 (of a jewel), Ja.v.491; Dhp-a.ii.58.

the dissociated composition form of anubhāva, q.v. for details. Only in later language

regulated exposition, graduated sermon DN.i.110; DN.ii.41 sq. MN.i.379; Ja.i.8; Mil.228; DN-a.i.277, DN-a.i.308; Dhp-a.iv.199.

for anupubbi˚ representing its isolated composition form, cp. ānubhāv …

1. pleasure, fondness of (-˚), delight, always as adj. (-˚) delighting in, enjoying finding pleasure in (usually comb^d. with rata, e.g. dhammārāma dhammarata finding delight in the Dh.) S …

…is probably older (kāma˚, bhava˚, avijjā˚) occurs at MN.i.55; AN.i.165; AN.iii.414; SN.iv.256; SN.v.56, SN.v.189; Iti.49; Vb.364 For other…

adjective special, extraordinary, exceptional SN.iv.239; AN.v.74 sq.; Vism.268; Vv-a.112 (˚bhāva peculiarity, specialty), Kp-a.23, Kp-a.35.

fr. āveṇi; cp. BSk. āveṇika Avs.i.14, Avs.i.108; Divy.2, …

…Vv-a.79 Vv-a.150; -bhavati (˚bhoti) to become visible or evident, to be explained, to get clear Ja.i.136; Vism.287 (fnt….

…the pl. of the verb, like bhavaṃ and bhavanto
■ Vin.ii.302; DN.i.151, DN.i.157; DN.ii.8; Snp-a.227; Dhp-a.i.9; Dhp-a.ii.93; Pv-a.12,…

…(has āyūhanā). 3. furtherance, pursuit DN-a.i.64 (bhavassa).

fr. āyūhati

adjective wanting, deficient less MN.ii.73; Ja.v.330; Dhp-a.i.77; Dhp-a.iv.210. Mostly adverbially with numerals = one less, but one, minus (one or two); usually with eka (as ekūna …

…ḍayhati vinassati na bhavati) esp. in ppr. ḍayhamāna consumed with or by, burning, glowing Dhp.371; Iti.23 (˚ena kāyena cetasā…