adjective (-˚) taking, fetching; vayo˚; bringing age (said of grey hairs) Ja.i.138; du˚; SN.i.36.

fr. hṛ.

…of the Netti Pakaraṇa Ne.1 sq., Ne.195.

fr. harati

…= abbuha; C. explains by uddharatha)
aor abbahi Ja.v.198 (variant reading BB abbuhi), abbahī (metri causa) Ja.iii.390 (variant reading BB…

…Vv.1#1 (= valāhaka-sikhara Vv-a.12)

• -ghana a mass of clouds, a thick cloud Iti.64; Snp.348 (cp. Snp-a.348). *…

to bring towards, to fetch, to begin or introduce (a conversation) MN.ii.132.

abhi + ud + ā + harati

…month (by means of a charm) DN.i.11 (= mantena mukhato aggi-jala-nīharaṇaṃ DN-a.i.97).

abhi + ud + jalana, from jval

…ineffective).

a + vi + ava + hārika of voharati

…= abbuha; C. explains by uddharatha)
aor abbahi Ja.v.198 (variant reading BB abbuhi), abbahī (metri causa) Ja.iii.390 (variant reading BB…

…reading; variant reading BB appahita, SS abyūhita; C. explains pupphakaṃ ṭhapitaṃ appaggharakaṃ kataṃ; should we explain as ā +…

…be found in an Arahant’s character: see DN.iii.133 & DN.iii.235 (where the five first only are given as a set).

a + bhavya. The Sk. abhavya has…

…(˚rūpa of strong character abhijja-hadaya); Pp.30 (= acchejja Pp-a.212); Mil.160 (˚parisā); Sdhp.312 (+ appadusiya); Pgdp.97…

…abhi shows a purely deictic character corresponding to Ger. her-bei-kommen (for bei-kommen) E. fill up (for fill); e.g. , abbhatikkanta (= ati ˚…

adjective firm, bold, in -māna firmminded Dhp p.81 (acc. to Morris J.P.T.S. 1886, 135 not verified).

abhi + dhara

…abhi +…

…+ harati, cp. Sk. abhyāharati & Vedic āharati & ābharati

brought, offered, presented, fetched DN.i.166 = Pp.55 (= puretaraṃ gahetvā āhaṭaṃ bhikkhaṃ Pp-a.231); Dhp-a.ii.79.

pp. of abhiharati

…note in Vinaya Texts ii.440.

ger. of abhiharati

bringing, offering, gift SN.i.82; Snp.710; Ja.i.81 (āsanâ).

fr. abhiharati

…= Thag.833; cp. Ja P T S. 1893, 11 in sense of “evil disposed or of bad character” at Ja.v.87 (= kāḷaka-sabhāva C.).

fr. abhijāti

having signs or marks, being characterised, characteristics Dhs-a.62.

abstr. fr. abhilakkhita

…away, put away, destroy, remove, avoid MN.i.119 (in phrase āṇiṃ a. abhinīharati abhinivajjeti).

abhi + nis + han, cp….

…cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti* DN.i.76 (= tanninnaṃ tappoṇaṃ karoti DN-a.i.220, DN-a.i.224; variant reading abhini˚)…

…sq.; Pts.ii.121; Ne.26; Mil.216; Dhp-a.i.392; Dhp-a.ii.82 (kata˚).

abhi + nīhāra, to abhinīharati; cp. BSk. sarīr’ âbhinirhāra taking…

…antarāyakārī Snp-a.390).

abhi + paharaṇa

…phrase denoting the characteristics of true beauty abhirūpa dassanīya pāsādika (+ paramāya vaṇṇa-pokkharatāya samannāgata),…

(& -khāreti in Pot.) to prepare, do, perform, work, get up Vin.i.16 (iddh’ âbhisankhāraṃ ˚khāreyya); DN.i.184 (id.); SN.ii.40; SN.iii.87 SN.iii.92; SN.iv.132, SN.iv.290; SN.v.449; AN.i.201; Snp.984 …

1. putting forth, performance, doing, working, practice: only in two comb^ns., viz
   1. gamiya˚; (or gamika˚) a heathenish practice Vin.i.233; AN.iv.180, &
   2. iddha˚; (= iddḥi˚) work …

adjective what belongs to or is done by the sankhāras; accumulated by or accumulating merit, having special (meritorious) effect (or specially prepared?) Vin.ii.77 = Vin.iii.160; Sdhp.309 (sa ˚paccaya …

to make haste Dhp.116 (= turitaturitaṃ sīghasīghaṃ karoti Dhp-a.iii.4).

abhi + tarati², evidently wrong for abhittarati

…AN.iv.130 AN.iv.276 Ja.i.81 Ja.i.82 Ja.i.218 Dhp.109 (˚sīlin of devout character, cp. Dhp-a.ii.239) Vv-a.24 Sdhp.549 (˚sīla)

fr….

of atiharati to bring over, to bring, to take Ja.iii.484 (= ativiya āhari C.).

fr. ati + hṛ.

(nt. or f.?) in -ṃ vādeti to make heavenly music (lit. the sounds of an accharā or heavenly nymph) AN.iv.265.

fr. accharā²

…accharāpaharaṇa-yoggaṃ that which happens without a moment’s notice, at the snap of a finger; i.e. causally unconnected…

…Sk. akṣara (see akkhara); there may be a connection with akkhaṇa in akkhaṇa-vedhin (cp. BSk. acchaṭā Divy.555),…

to speak more or better, to surpass in talk or speech; to talk somebody down, to persuade, entice Vin.iv.224, Vin.iv.263; SN.ii.204 sq.; Ja.v.433 (variant reading BB ajjhārati), Ja.v.434 (variant read …

adjective the lower Ja.iii.26 (adharoṭṭha the l. lip).

Vedic adhara, compar. of adho

…very best ˚sīla thorough character or morality 2. with verbs (in double pref. compounds); adhi + ava: ajjhogāheti plunge into;…

Adhicca¹

learning, studying, learning by heart Ja.iii.218, Ja.iii.327 = Ja.iv.301; Ja.iv.184 (vede = adhīyitvā C.), Ja.iv.477 (sajjhāyitvā C.); Ja.vi.213; Mil.164.

ger. of adhi + eti, se …

to flow, to trickle Thag-a.284.

adhi + ppa + gharati

…(= adho dosānaṃ nīharaṇaṃ) Dhs-a.404.

• -sākhaṃ (+ uddhamūlaṃ) branches down (roots up, i.e. uprooted) Dhp-a.i.75. *…

…ten qualifications of bad character or sīla (dasa-sīla see sīla ii.). Vin.i.83 (˚ā veramaṇī); DN.i.4 (= parassa…

…of the highest character Ja.v.351 (= aggasabhāva).

• -patta having attained perfection DN.iii.48 sq. *…

1. price, value, worth, Mil.244; Mhvs.26, Mhvs.22; Mhvs.30, Mhvs.76; Vv-a.77
   ■ mahaggha (adj.) of great value Ja.iv.138; Ja.v.414; Ja.vi.209; Pv.ii.1#18. See also mahāraha. …

3^rd sg. aor. of harati (q.v.).

the hide of the black antelope, worn as a garment by ascetics DN.i.167; Snp.1027; Ja.i.12, Ja.i.53; Ja.iv.387; Ja.v.407. kharājina a rough skin (as garment) MN.i.343; SN.iv.118; AN.ii.207; Snp.249 (= …

… pp ajjhohaṭa (q.v.).

Sk. abhyavaharati; adhi (= abhi) + ava + hṛ.

Err:509

adjective something fit to eat, eatable, for eating Ja.vi.258; Dhp-a.i.284.

grd. of ajjhoharati

having swallowed Sdhp.610 (balisaṃ maccho viya: like a fish the fishhook).

pp. of ajjhoharati

1. taking food, swallowing, eating & drinking Vin.iv.233; Mil.176, Mil.366.
2. N of a fabulous fish (swallower“; cp. timingala) Ja.v.462.

Sk. abhyavahāra

to cover over, spread out, spread over, cover; to submerge, flood Vin.i.111; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.72, Ja.i.73; Mil.296, Mil.336; Dhp.i.264; Pass. -tthariyati to be overrun with (instr.), to be smothered, …

…Pv-a.55; Dāvs v.5.

pp. of ajjhottharati

to take (food) to oneself Ja.ii.293 (aor. ajjhupāhari = ajjhohari C.).

adhi + upa + hṛ; cp. upaharati

harassed, overpowered, tormented Pv-a.180 (khuppipāsāya by hunger & thirst).

adhi + ā + pīḷita

to rise into the air, to climb over, spread over SN.i.221 = Ne.173 (ajjhottharati SA; cp. Mrs. Rh. D. Kindred Sayings i.285).

adhi + ārohati cp. atyārohati

inhabited, occupied (of a house) Vin.ii.210; Ja.i.145; Ja.ii.333; Pv-a.24 (˚ghara); fig. (not) occupied by Snp-a.566 (= anosita).

cp. Sk. adhyuṣita; pp. of ajjhāvasati

…in phrase sakkharappabheda phonology & etymology DN.i.88 (akkharappabhedo ti sikkhā ca nirutti ca Snp-a.447 = DN-a.i.247 =…

…Pv.ii.9#26 (akkhīni paggharanti: shed tears, cp. Pv-a.123); Vv-a.65 (-īni bhamanti, my eyes swim) cp. akkhīni me dhūmāyanti…

Akkhika¹

adjective (-˚) having eyes, with eyes Thag.960 (añjan˚; with eyes anointed); Dhp-a.iv.98 (aḍḍh˚; with half an eye, i.e. stealthily); Sdhp.286 (tamb˚; red-eyed) -an˚; h …

telling stories, recitation; tale, legend DN.i.6 (= DN-a.i.84: Bhārata-Rāmāyanādi); DN.iii.183; MN.i.503; MN.iii.167; Sdhp.237
■ preaching, teaching Mnd.91 (dhamm˚;). The 5^th Veda J …

…Gotamo yojana sate viharati alam eva… upasankamituṃ even if he were 100 miles from here (surely) even so (i.e. it is fit or proper even…

…out Dhp.142 (= vatthâbharaṇa-paṭimaṇḍita Dhp-a.iii.83); Pv.ii.3#6; Vv.1#1; Ja.iii.392; Ja.iv.60. 2. “done enough” (see…

1. friend, companion, fellow-worker, helper, esp one who gives his advice, a bosom-friend Iti.73; Ja.vi.512 (sahajātā amaccā); Pv.ii.6#20 (a ˚-paricārikā well-advising friends as company or around …

…(= paccatthika Snp-a.455); Dhp.66, Dhp.207; Ja.vi.274 (˚tāpana harassing the enemies).

Vedic amitra; a + mitta

adjective not Aiyan, ignoble, low Vin.i.10; DN.iii.232 (˚vohāra, 3 sets of 4 the same at Vin.v.125); Snp.664, Snp.782 (˚dhamma); Pp.13
■ See ariya.

an + ariya, see also anāriya

chain, fetter Vin.i.108 = Vin.iii.249 (tiṇ˚); DN.i.245; Ja.i.21 (˚ghara prisonhouse); Dhp-a.iv.54 (˚bandhana).

cp. Sk. andu, andū & anduka

woman lacking the characteristics of womanhood, a woman ceasing to be a woman, “nonwoman” Ja.ii.126 (comp^d with anadī a river without…

houselessness, a houseless state, fig freedom from worldliness or attachment to life, singleness SN.v.24 = AN.v.232 = Dhp.87 (okā anokaṃ āgamma). adj. homeless, free from attachment SN.i.176; Dhp.87 ( …

…of cases). a w. acc.: antaragharaṃ paviṭṭha gone into the house Mil.11 b w. loc.: antaraghare nisīdanti (inside the house) Vin.ii.213;…

…Sdhp.278.

• -dehadhara one who wears his last body Iti.101 (dhāra T, ˚dhara variant reading); Vv-a.163. *…

indeclinable prep. inside, either c. acc. denoting direction = into, or c. loc. denoting place where = in. As prefix (˚-) in, within, inside, inner (see compounds)

1. prep c. acc. anto nivesanaṃ g …

…prefix ###

1. General character. anu is freq. as modifying (directional) element with well-defined meaning (“along”), as such also as…

…vedanā “feeling is characterised by the experiencing of what is pleasant and unpleasant”); Mil.60 (vedayita-lakkhaṇā vedanā…

…a, since the compositional character had obliterated the character of the a. As such (ānubhāva abs.) found only in later language

1….

…minor or inferior characteristic, supplementary or additional sign or mark (cf. mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇa) Vin.i.65 (abl. anuvyañjanaso…

…in the power of), Snp.791 (ejā˚; = abhibhūta Snp.527), 1095 (Māra vasa˚; = abhibhuyya viharanti Cnd.507); Iti.91 (ejā˚;) Ja.iii.224…

“according to taste”, i.e. satisfaction, thanks, esp. after a meal or after receiving gifts = to say grace or benediction, blessing, thanksgiving. In latter sense with dadāti (give thanks for = loca …

to surround, enfold, embrace MN.i.306.

anu + pari + harati

flashing through, pervading Mil.148.

anu + pharaṇa

adjective following in one’s turn, successive, gradual, by and by, regular Vin.ii.237 (mahāsamuddo a˚-ninno etc.); DN.i.184; Snp.511; Ja.v.155 (regularly formed, of ūrū). Cases adverbially: *[anupubb …

adjective DN.ii.283 (me dīgharatta˚), “for me, so long obsessed (with doubts)”. The reading is uncertain.

fr. anusaya

dormant, only in comb^n. dīgharatta˚; latent so long Thag.768; Snp.355 Snp.649. Cp. anusaya & anusayin.

pp. of anuseti, anu + śī

adjective yearly Dhp-a.i.388 (nakkhattaṃ). Usually nt. -ṃ as adv. yearly, every year Ja.i.68; Ja.v.99. On use of anu in this comb^n. see anu A a.

anu + saṃv˚

…minor or inferior characteristic, supplementary or additional sign or mark (cf. mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇa) Vin.i.65 (abl. anuvyañjanaso…

…cp. Vin.iv.355 Cp. anupadaṃ.

anu + akkhara

adjective being without food MN.i.487; Snp.985.

an + āhāra

…˚sakkati step aside; ˚harati take away. 2. apa = Vedic ava (Idg. *aue; see ava for details) There exists a widespread confusion…

to observe, request ask Thag-a.16.

Caus. of apa + dhṛ; cp. Sk. ava-dhārayati, but also BSk. apadhārayati Divy.231

taking away, stealing, robbing Ja.ii.34.

Sk. apahāra, fr. apaharati

to take away, remove, captivate, rob Ja.iii.315 (aor. apahārayiṃ); Mil.413; DN-a.i.38.

apa + hṛ.

Err:509

one who takes away or removes, destroyer MN.i.447 = Kv.528.

n. ag. to apaharati

…(aor. apānayi), Ja.iii.26; Mil.188, Mil.259, Mil.413; Pv-a.41, Pv-a.74, Pv-a.198 (= harati) Sdhp.63 Pass. apanīyati SN.i.176
pp…

only in khārāpatācch˚; (q.v.) a kind of torture.

that which is tied on, i.e band, ornament, apparel, parure Vv.64#10, Vv.64#18 (expl^d. inacurately at Vv-a.279 by; a-kāro nipātamattaṃ, pilandhanaṃ = ābhāraṇaṃ); Ja.vi.472 (c. pilandhituṃ …

adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expl^d. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see *[a …

…= anavasesa-pharaṇena Snp-a.417; cp. appamaññā) Iti.21 (mettā), Iti.78; Ja.ii.61; Pts.ii.126 sq.; Vb.16, Vb.24 Vb.49, Vb.62,…

taken away, stolen Ja.iii.54.

pp. of apa + ā + bhṛ; cp. Vedic apa-bharati, but Lat. aufero to ava˚

…going away Ja.i.163 (aḍḍharattāv’apāyin = aḍḍharatte apāyin C.). -an˚; not going away, i.e. constantly following (chāyā…

adjective (-˚)

1. worthy of, deserving, entitled to, worth Dhp.195 (pūjā˚); Pv.ii.8#6 (dakkhiṇā˚); Vv-a.23 (daṇḍa˚ deserving punishment) Freq. in cpd. mahāraha [Sk. mahārgha] …

forest DN.i.71; MN.i.16; MN.iii.104; SN.i.4, SN.i.7, SN.i.29, SN.i.181, SN.i.203 (mahā); AN.i.60 (˚vanapatthāni); AN.ii.252; AN.iii.135, AN.iii.138; Snp.39, Snp.53, Snp.119; Dhp.99, Dhp.329, Dhp.330; …

adjective noun

1. (racial) Aryan DN.ii.87.
2. (social) noble, distinguished, of high birth.
3. (ethical) in accord with the customs and ideals of the Aryan clans, held in esteem by Aryans, gene …

…vile, low, of base character Ja.iii.527 (mātugāma); Dhp.77 = Ja.iii.367 = Thag.994; Mil.221; Dhp-a.i.256; Thag-a.246 (akkhi). Cp. next …

adjective not stony, free from gravel or stones, smooth Ja.v.168; Dhp-a.iii.401 (opp. sasakkhara).

a + sakkhara

adjective not to be destroyed or shattered Iti.77; Thag.372; Cnd.110.

grd. of a + saṃharati

adjective unmixed, unadulterated, i.e. with full and unimpaired properties, delicious, sublime, lovely MN.i.114; SN.i.213 (a. ojava “that elixir that no infusion needs Mrs Rh. D.) = Thig.55 (expl<su …

sword, a large knife DN.i.77 (= DN-a.i.222); MN.ii.99; AN.i.48 = (asinā sīsaṃ chindante); AN.iv.97 (asinā hanti attānaṃ); Ja.iv.118 (asi sunisito), Ja.iv.184; Ja.v.45 (here meaning “sickle”), Ja.v.47 …

…AN.i.287 = AN.iv.397. -tthara a horse cover, a horse blanket Vin.i.192; DN.i.7 -damma a horse to be tamed, a fierce horse,…

to flow Ja.ii.276 (= paggharati C.). Cp. also āsavati.

ā + sru

Assu¹

neuter DN.i.115, DN.i.141; Dhp.67; Pp.56; DN-a.i.284; Pv-a.39. -mocana shedding of tears Pv-a.18.

Vedic aśru, Av. asrū, Lith aszarà, with etym. not definitel …

fallen angel, a Titan pl. asurā the Titans, a class of mythological beings. Dhpāla at Pv-a.272 & the C. on Ja.v.186 define them as kāḷakañjaka-bhedā asurā. The are classed with other similar infer …

adjective not general, not shared, uncommon, unique Vin.iii.35 Kp.viii.9; Ja.i.58, Ja.i.78; Mil.285; DN-a.i.71; Sdhp.589, Sdhp.592.

a + sādhāraṇa cp. asādhāraṇa Divy.561

indeclinable copulative and adversative part.: and, also, and further, likewise, nay SN.i.106; Snp.43, Snp.155, Snp.647; Dhp.151, Dhp.234, Dhp.423; Ja.i.83; Ja.ii.185 Ja.iv.495; Iti.106; Kp.viii.7; Pv …

…˚manāpa very lovely; ˚manohara very charming; ˚mahant too great; ˚vikāla very inconvenient ˚vela a very long time; ˚sambādha too tight,…

to excel, overcome, to get the better of, to deceive Ja.i.163 (= ajjhottharati vañceti C.).

ati + bhavati, cp. Sk. atibhavati & abhibhavati

too heavy a load Mil.277 (˚ena sakaṭassa akkho bhijjati).

ati + bhāra

to carry over, to bring over, bring, draw over Vin.ii.209; Vin.iv.264; SN.i.89; Ja.i.292; Ja.v.347. Caus. atiharāpeti to cause to bring over, bring in, reap collect, harvest Vin.ii.181; Vin.iii.18; …

…into the house), harvested, borne home Thag.381 (vīhi).

ati + hṛ; pp. of atiharati, hita unusual for hata, perhaps through analogy with Sk….

passed beyond, passed by, gone by, elapsed; passed over, passing beyond, surpassing Ja.ii.128 (tīṇi saṃvaccharāni); Dhp-a.iii.133 (tayo vaye passed beyond the 3 ages of life); Pv-a.55 (māse ˚e after …

adjective very charming Pv-a.46.

ati + manohara

adjective very talkative, a chatterbox Ja.i.418; Dhp-a.ii.70. atimukharatā (f. abstr.) ibid.

ati + mukhara

pressed against, oppressed, harassed, vexed Ja.v.401 (= atigāḷhita).

ati + pīḷita, cp. Sk. abhipīḍita

…a conveyance; one who conveys i.e. a conductor, guide Thag.616 (said of sīla, good character); Ja.v.433
■ Cp. ativāhika.

fr. ati +…

abuse, blame, reproach Dhp.320, Dhp.321 (= aṭṭha-anariyavohāra-vasena pavattaṃ vītikkama-vacanaṃ Dhp-a.iv.3) Ja.vi.508.

ati + vac, cp. Sk. ativāda, fr. ati + vad

…AN.ii.188 AN.iii.122 sq 3 character, quality of heart Snp.388 (citta Snp-a.374); Ja.i.61.

• -rūpa “of the form of self”…

…Commentary reading atthandhara is much better = he who knows the (correct) meaning, especially as it corresponds with dhamma-dhara *…

rug (for horses, elephants etc.) DN.i.7.

fr. attharati

covering Ja.i.9; DN-a.i.87
■ f. -ikā a layer Ja.i.9; Ja.v.280.

= atthara

to spread, to cover, to spread out; stretch, lay out Vin.i.254; Vin.v.172; Ja.i.199; Ja.v.113; Ja.vi.428; Dhp.i.272
pp atthata (q.v.)
caus attharāpeti …

covering, carpet, cover, rug Vin.ii.291; AN.ii.56; AN.iii.53; Mhvs.3, Mhvs.20; Mhvs.15, Mhvs.40 Mhvs.25, Mhvs.102; Thag-a.22.

fr. attharati

spread, covered, spread over with (-˚) Vin.i.265; Vin.iv.287; Vin.v.172 (see ˚an); AN.iii.50; Pv-a.141.

pp. of attharati

…(covering).

cp. Sk. āstāra, fr. attharati

…with love;
avaharati to move down, put off: oharati to steal. 2. In certain secondary verb-formations, arisen on Pāli grounds,…

calling attention to, affirmation, emphasis; as t.t. used by C’s in explanation of evaṃ at DN-a.i.27; and of kho at Pv-a.11, Pv-a.18.

Cp. Sk. avadhāraṇa, fr. ava + dhṛ.

Avaharati & oharati

to steal Ja.i.384; Pv-a.47 (avahari vatthaṃ), Pv-a.86 (id., = apānudi)
pp avahaṭa (q.v.).

ava…

(-˚) taking away, removal; theft Pv-a.47 (sāṭaka˚), Pv-a.92 (soka˚).

fr. avaharati in both meanings

taken away, stolen Mil.46.

pp. of avaharati

taking, acquiring, acquisition Vin.v.129 (pañca avahārā, viz. theyya˚, pasayha˚, parikappa˚ paṭicchanna˚, kusa˚).

fr. avaharati

…or base birth, fig of low character (opp. abhijāta) Snp.664 (= buddhassa avajātaputta Snp-a.479); Iti.63; Mil.359.

ava + jāta; cp. B.Sk….

…off Vin.ii.141 (˚pidhara), Vin.ii.221 (˚kaṭṭha). 2. scratching in writing down Ja.iv.402, (˚sattha a chisel for engraving…

…aparundhati; ava + ruddhati of…

…Dhs.553; Snp-a.417 (˚pharaṇa); Pv-a.71 (˚ato, adv. altogether not leaving anything out); & sāvasesa leaving…

…Cp. pariy˚.

ava + tharati, stṛ.

setting in array, deploying (of an army) Ja.ii.104 (of a robber-band), Ja.ii.336.

fr. avattharati

Err:508

…feet up) a position characteristic of beings in Niraya (Purgatory) e.g. SN.i.48; Snp.248 (patanti sattā nirayaṃ avaṃsirā…

adjective not harassing, not hurting DN.iii.166 (but cp. Snp-a.318 avihesaka in same context) Mil.219.

a + viheṭhaka

…Dhs.1460). See for various characterisatons the foll. passages: Vin.i.1; Vin.iii.3; DN.iii.212 DN.iii.230, DN.iii.234, DN.iii.274; MN.i.54,…

not to bring or procure Ja.v.80.

a + vy + āharati

…woman, not married Ja.v.213 (= apetâvaraṇā, which read for ˚bharaṇā, apariggahitā C.).

a + vāvaṭa

…Ud.93; Vv-a.20.

• -ghara an iron house Ja.iv.492.
• -paṭala an iron roof or ceiling (of…

…touch of (often sarcastic) characterisation it establishes a closer personal relation between the speaker & the object in question & is to be…

…Ud.93; Vv-a.20.

• -ghara an iron house Ja.iv.492.
• -paṭala an iron roof or ceiling (of…

eating, taking food; enjoying: only SS at Snp.240; all MSS at Snp.239 have asamāna. Snp-a.284 explains by āhārayamāna.

Sk. aśnāna, ppr. med. of aśnāti, aś to eat

…= Cnd.199 ˚ṃ agāravo viharati AN.iii.247. dve janā ˚ṃ ghātayiṃsu (slew each other) Ja.i.254. aññamaññaṃ hasanti Ja.v.111 ˚ṃ…

…(˚rattāyaṃ adv. = aḍḍharattiyaṃ Vv-a.315); Ja.i.264 (samaye); Ja.iv.159 (id.).

• -ratti = ˚rattā Vv-a.255,…

…a constituent part as characteristic, prominent or distinguishing, a mark, attribute, sign, quality DN.i.113 sq., DN.i.117 (*iminā p˚…

…DN.ii.19 (aṅke pariharati to hold on one’s lap or carry on one’s hips), DN.ii.20 (nisīdāpeti seat on…

…mental states of a general character from respective traits where they are to be found Ne.2, Ne.4, Ne.127; Ne-a.208; - acc˚; beyond the reach…

1. an egg Vin.iii.3; SN.ii.258; MN.i.104; AN.iv.125 sq.
2. (pl.) the testicles Vin.iii.106.
3. (in camm˚) a water-bag Ja.i.249 (see Morris J. P. T. S. 1884, 69).

• -kosa shell of …

…with ˚upeta characterised by the eight parts (i.e. the observance of the first eight of the commandments or vows, see…

…in ppr. aṭṭiyamāna harayāmāna (+ jigucchamāna Vin.ii.292; Ja.i.66, Ja.i.292; Iti.43; Cnd.566; Pts.i.159. Spelling sometimes…

…in ppr. aṭṭiyamāna harayāmāna (+ jigucchamāna Vin.ii.292; Ja.i.66, Ja.i.292; Iti.43; Cnd.566; Pts.i.159. Spelling sometimes…

…E. blab; babbhara is a redupl. formation fr. *bhara-bhara = barbara, cp J.P.T.S. 1889, 209; Geiger, P.Gr. § 20

adjective to strengthen, cp. upabrūhana, paribbūḷha much, many, large, abundant; plenty; in compound also very, greatly (˚-) instr. sg. bahunā Dhp.166; nom. pl bahavo Vin.iii.90; Dhp.307, & *bahū …

…Ja.i.437 (˚ṃ saṃharati to draw up troops); Ja.ii.76, Ja.iii.319; Ja.v.124; Ja.vi.224, Ja.vi.451; Dhp-a.i.393; Pp-a 249 *…

…Ja.v.103 sq.

• -haraṇa taking oblations AN.v.79 (˚vanasaṇḍa).

cp. Vedic bali; regarding etym. Grassmann…

…paliyy˚; C explains by avattharati) = Pv.ii.6#1 (= balavanto honti vaḍḍhanti abhibhavanti Pv-a.94); Ja.vi.224 (3^rd pl balīyare; C….

…ca dāsī ca); Dhp-a.i.4 (ghara˚ tie of the house); Kp-a.51 (paṭṭa˚). 3. holding together, composition, constitution Vin.i.96 (sarīra˚)…

to bind etc.

I. Forms

imper bandha DN.ii.350; pl. bandhantu Ja.i.153.
pot bandheyya SN.iv.198; Vin.iii.45
fut bandhayissati Mhvs.24.6;
aor abandhi Ja.iii. …

Bhaddaka^a & Bhadraka^b

1. good, of good quality (opp. pāpaka) AN.iv.169^a.
2. honoured of high repute Ja.iii.269^a (= sambhāvita C.).
3. (m nt.) a good thing, …

(-˚) adjective

1. eating, feeding on DN.iii.41 (sāka˚ etc.); SN.i.69 (pahūta˚ voracious, of fire), SN.i.238 (kodha˚); Pv.i.9#1 (lohita-pubba˚); Pp.55 (tiṇa˚) Sdhp.388 (tiṇa˚).
2. eatable, to be eat …

Bhara-bhara

a word imitating a confused sound MN.i.128; otherwise contracted to babbhara (q.v.).

…in cpd. dubbhara hard to support AN.v.159, AN.v.161 (variant reading dubhara), and subhara easy to…

…maintain Ja.v.260 (mama bharatha, ahaṃ bhattā bhavāmi vo; C. explains as “maṃ icchatha”)
pp bhata See also…

…kuhanā at AN.v.159, AN.v.161-opp. subharatā AN.iv.280.

abstr. fr. bhara

bearing, supporting, maintenance Dhtm.346 (in explⁿ of bhṛ;) Abhp.1053.

fr. bhṛ; Epic Sk. bharaṇa

…heavy with etc. Cp. formations bhār˚, fr. bharati

feeding, food, nourishment, meal Dhp.185; Pp.28, Pp.55; Ja.ii.15; Ja.v.170 (bhatta-manuñña-rūpaṃ for bhattaṃ-); Vism.66 (where 14 kinds enumerated, i.e. sangha˚ uddesa˚ etc.); Sdhp.118
■ ucchiṭṭh …

…property Ja.vi.348; ābharaṇa˚ trinkets, jewelry Ja.iii.221; piya˚ best goods, treasure Ja.iii.279; bahu˚ having many goods, rich in…

1. breaking, rending, breach, disunion, dissension Vism.64 sq. (contrasted with ānisaṃsa), Vism.572 sq (with ref. to upādāna & bhava); Vb-a.185 (id.); Sdhp.66, Sdhp.457, Sdhp.463
   ■ mithu˚; bre …

breaking up, splitting, perishing; destruction Ja.i.392; Ja.v.284; Ja.vi.11; Dhp-a.i.257 (kaṇṇā bhijjan’ ākāra-pattā); Thag-a.43 (bhijjana-sabhāva of perishable nature; explⁿ of bhidura …

…vā bhinna-paṭa-dharaditāya vā)

■ A very comprehensive def. of the term is found at Vb.245–Vb.246, where bhikkhu-ship is…

…AN.i.279; AN.ii.132 (˚parisā), AN.ii.144, AN.iii.109; AN.iv.75; Mil.28; Vb-a.498 (dahara˚, story of) Vv-a.77.

fr. bhikkhu, cp. BSk….

begged food, alms, alms-begging; food Vin.iv.94; Cp.i.1#4; Vv.70#4 (ekāhā bh. food for one day) Mil.16; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.75, Pv-a.131 (kaṭacchu˚); bhikkhāya carati to go out begging food [cp. Sk. bh …

…(sīlaṃ); Ja.vi.345 (pokkharaṇiṃ) and bhedāpeti Vin.iii.42
■ See also bhindana.

bhid, Sk. bhinatti; cp. Lat. findo to split, Goth….

…a torn cloth, in cpd. ˚dhara “wearing a patchwork cloth,” i.e. a bhikkhu (see also s. v. bhikkhu) Thag.1092. *…

Bhisi¹

feminine a bolster, cushion pad, roll Vin.i.287 sq. (cīvara˚ a robe rolled up); Vin.ii.150 Vin.ii.170; Vin.iii.90; Vin.iv.279. Five kinds are allowed in a Vihāra, viz. uṇṇa-bhisi …

…Pv-a.33.

-attharaṇa “earth-spread,” a ground covering, mat carpet Vin.i.48; Vin.ii.208; Vin.iv.279….

…vālikāya uddharaṇaṃ; pabbataṃ pīḷetvā rasassa nīharaṇaṃ. 4. (fig.) in metaphors for the burden of (the factors of…

(-˚) a load, only in cpd. gadrabha˚; a donkey-load (of goods) Ja.ii.109; Dhp-a.i.123.

fr. bhāra

…men who honour the Mahā-Kaccāna).

fr. bhara

adjective

1. loaded, heavy Ja.v.84, Ja.v.477; Mil.261.
2. full of, loaded down with (-˚) Vv-a.314 (sineha˚ hadaya).
3. grievous, serious, sorrowful Pv-a.82 (hadaya).
4. important Mil.240, Mil.311 …

adjective carrying, wearing, only in cpd. mālā˚; (māla˚), wearing a garland (of flowers Ja.iv.60, Ja.iv.82; Ja.v.45; where it interchanges with ˚dhārin (e.g. Vv.32#3; variant reading at Pv-a.211; c …

adjective

1. heavy, weighty, grave serious; always fig. with ref. to a serious offence, either as bhāriyaṃ pāpaṃ a terrible sin Pv-a.195, or bh kammaṃ a grave deed, a sin Dhp-a.i.298, Dhp-a.i. …

…translated as “women’s character,” taking bhāva = attabhāva); usually -˚, denoting state or condition of, and representing an abstr. der….

…adj. one of well-trained character), Vism.267, Vism.400 (+ bahulī-kata); Dhp-a.i.122 (a˚); Thag-a.164 (indriya˚). See foll.

bhāvita +…

…reading doubtful)
■ f. bhāṇikā Vin.iv.285 (Thullanandā bahussutā bhāṇikā); also in cpd….

Pass. to bharati, only in cpd. ppr. anubhīramāna MN.iii.123 (chatta: being brought up,or carried behind) Neumann, M. trsl.²iii.248…

…by one living in a bhūrighara or earth-house“ (?) DN-a.i.97, but cp. Vedic bhūri-karman “much effecting”; and bhūrivijjā DN.i.9,…

…truthful character, neg. a˚ Pv-a.14. -vacana statement of reality or of the truth Snp-a.336….

…is given as one of the characteristic features of the ascetic life Vin.ii.149; Ja.i.9; Dhp-a.i.135.

cp. Sk. vidala in same meaning, fr. vi +…

Bodhi¹

feminine (supreme knowledge, enlightenment, the knowledge possessed by a Buddha (see also sambodhi & sammā-sambodhi) MN.i.356; MN.ii.95 = DN.iii.237 (saddho h …

…happiness Mil.226 (in characterisation of the term “brāhmaṇa”). Brahma & Brahma

cp. Vedic bṛhant, of bṛh² to…

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brāhmaṇa¹

a member of the Brahman caste; a Br teacher. In the Buddhist terminology also used for a man leading a pure, sinless & ascetic life, often even syn. with arahant
■ On brāhmaṇas …

…& most comprehensive characterisations of a Buddha, & occurs frequently in the Canon e.g. MN.i.179; SN.ii.69; SN.v.343
■ A khattiya…

…one whose behaviour or character is wisdom Vism.104 (= paññavā).

• -sampanna endowed with (highest) wisdom…

adjective oppressing, harassing, injurious Vism.496 (dukkhā aññaṃ na ˚ṃ); Vv-a.214; Pv-a.175.

fr. bādh

oppressed, pressed hard, harassed Dhp.342 (but taken by C. as “trapped, snared,” baddha Dhp-a.iv.49); Thag-a.65.

pp. of bādhati

…forming the 2^nd characteristic mark of a Mahāpurisa DN.ii.17 DN.iii.143; DN.iii.149
■ Ja.ii.331; Mil.51. 4. an array of troops…

…Expl. constantly by series viharati iriyati vattati pāleti yapeti yāpeti Cnd.237
■ carāmi loke I move about (= I live) in the world…

…Dhp-a.ii.9. 93.

• -danta having 40 teeth (one of the characteristics of a Mahāpurisa) DN.ii.18; DN.iii.144,…

base of numeral four

1. As num. adj. nom. & acc. m cattāro (Dhp.109; Ja.iii.51) and caturo (Snp.84, Snp.188), f. catasso (Snp.1122), nt. cattāri (Snp.227); gen. m. catunnaṃ (Snp.p.102), (f. catassa …

…(ito ce pi yojanasate viharati even if he lived 100 y. from here DN.i.117) or Conditional (tatra ce tumhe assatha kupitā DN.i.3), or Potential…

…Vin.ii.128 (Bdhgh. celasandhara); MN.ii.93; Dhp-a.iii.136;

• -vitāna an awning Ja.i.178; Ja.ii.289; Ja.iv.378; Mhbv.122;…

…Snp-a.194 (dhātu-gharaṃ katvā cetiyaṃ patiṭṭhāpesuṃ); Kp-a.221; Dhp-a.iii.29 (dhātu˚) Dhp-a.iv.64); Vv-a.142; Sdhp.428,…

… 2. As vice: 3. kinds character of ch
■ With similar expressions: (kāya-ch. sneha anvayatā MN.i.500
■ ch. dosa moha…

…usually as -ṃ saṃharati to make a vol. coll. Vin.iv.250; Ja.i.422; Ja.ii.45, Ja.ii.85 (saṃharitvā variant reading BB; text…

…khura, cp. chārikā → khara

Ashes Vin.i.210; Vin.ii.220; DN.ii.164 = Ud.93; AN.i.209; AN.iv.103; Ja.iii.447; Ja.iv.88; Ja.v.144; Dhp-a.i.256 Dhp-a.ii.68; Vv-a.67; Pv-a.80 (chārikangāra).

Cp. kṣāyati to burn, kṣāra burning; …

…out or invents, in akkhara˚; the grammarian Pv-a.120, nīti˚; the lawgiver ib. Pv-a.130; cp. Divy.212, Divy.451, “overseer.”

cp….

…(cp. citaka²) pokkharaṇiyo iṭṭhakāhi citā DN.ii.178, cp. Vin.ii.123.

• -antaraṃsa “one whose…

…the forehead) Mil.408 (˚dharakumma)

■ f. cittakā a counterpane of many colours (DN-a.i.86 cittikā: vāna citra-uṇṇā-may…

…(Cp ˚vyañjana); -attharaka a variegated carpet DN-a.i.256 -āgāra a painted house, i.e. furnished with pictures a…

…the forehead) Mil.408 (˚dharakumma)

■ f. cittakā a counterpane of many colours (DN-a.i.86 cittikā: vāna citra-uṇṇā-may…

…mark on the forehead in -dhara-kumma a tortoise bearing this mark, a landtortoise Mil.364, Mil.408, cp. Mil trsl. ii.352.

to…

…or mind,“ state of mind, character SN.iii.152; SN.iv.142 (vimutta˚); SN.v.158 (id.); AN.v.145 sq. (upārambha˚) Vb.372 (id.); Vb.359 (amudu˚);…

motion, walking, going; doing, behaviour, action, process Mil.162 (+ vihāra) Dhs.8 = Dhs.85 (= vicāra); Dhs-a.167. usually -˚ (n. adj.): kāma˚ going at will Ja.iv.261; pamāda˚ a slothful life Ja.i. …

Cātur˚

(and cātu˚) consisting of four. Only in compounds viz.

• -(r)anta (adj.) “of four ends,” i.e. covering or belonging to the 4 points of the compass, all-encircling, Ep of the earth: Ja.ii. …

…Vin.iii.263; -ṃ saṃharati to fold it up Vin.i.46
■ Var. expressions referring to the use of the robe atireka˚; an extra robe…

Dabba¹

adjective noun

1. fit for, able, worthy, good, SN.i.187 = Thag.1218, cp. Pss of the Brethren, 399, n. 4 (= Sk. bhavya, cp. Pāṇini v.3, 104 dravyaṃ ca bhavyaḥ)
2. material, subs …

to give, etc.

I. Forms

The foll. bases form the Pāli verb-system: dā, dāy, dadā & di.

1. Bases dā & (reduced); da
   1. dā˚: fut. dassati Ja.i.113, Ja.i.279 Ja.i …

…yanti); Ja.i.88 (daharadahare dārake ca dārikāyo), Ja.i.291 (˚itthī a young wife); Ja.ii.160, Ja.ii.353; Ja.iii.393; Dhp.382;…

Err:501

…of the compass which is characterized through “orientation” by facing the rising sun, & then lies on one’s right:) southern, usually in…

…paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgəta* to express matchless physical beauty: DN.i.114; SN.ii.279; Pv-a.46 etc. Also with abhirūpa &…

adjective firm, strong, solid; steady, fast nt. adv. very much, hard, strongly DN.i.245; SN.i.77; AN.ii.33; Snp.321 (nāvā), Snp.357, Snp.701, Snp.821 (˚ṃ karoti to strengthen), Snp.966 (id.); Dhp.112; …

Daḷhī˚

in kāya-daḷhī-bahula strong in body athletic Vin.ii.76, cp. Com. on p. 313; Ja.iii.310; Ja.iv.219 daḷhīkaraṇa steadiness, perseverance Snp-a.290 (+ ādhāraṇatā), Snp-a.398 (id). In compoun …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

god, a divine being; usually in pl. devā the gods. As title attributed to any superhuman being or beings regarded to be in certain respects above the human level. Thus primarily (see 1^a) …

“condition or state of a deva, divinity; divine being, deity, fairy. The term comprises all beings which are otherwise styled devas, & a list of them given at Cnd.308 & based on the principle that any …

adjective

1. to be given (see below)
2. deserving a gift, worthy of receiving alms Ja.iii.12 (a˚); Mil.87 (rāja˚) -nt. a gift offering Vin.i.298 (saddhā˚).

• -dhamma a gift, …

…Cnd.503; Mil.21;

• -dhara (adj.) one who knows the Dh. (by heart); see above C4. combined w. Vinayadhara Vin.i.127,…

…honourable of good character, just, esp. an attr. of a righteous King (rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā) DN.i.86; DN.ii.16;…

…although some passages admit interpretation as “of strong character or good practice, e.g. SN.i.185.

…Snp.1010. See also dhāra.

Sk. dhara, to dhr see dharati

…Dhp-a.ii.68
ppr dharamāṇa living, lasting Ja.i.75 (dh˚e yeva suriye while the sun was still up); Ja.ii.6; Mil.240 Mil.291…

…with Snp.26 (of cows: godharaṇiyo paveniyo = gabbhiniyo Snp-a.39). As n. the Earth Ja.v.311; Ja.vi.526; Mil.34; dharaṇī-ruha Name of a…

…known by heart Vin.ii.95; AN.i.36.

Sk. dhṛta, pp. of dharati; cp. dhara & dhāreti

Dhañña¹

neuter grain, corn. The usual enumⁿ comprises 7 sorts of grain, which is however not strictly confined to grain-fruit proper (“corn”) but includes, like other enum ^…

…Pv-a.131.

Sk. dhṛti to dhṛ; see dharati

…Ja.i.100; ekaṃ dh ˚ṃ nīharati to set aside a foremost part DN-a.i.135. 4. the far end, either as top or beginning Ja.iii.216 (yāva…

…= Vb.350, Vb.370 (+ dhura-sampaggāha); opp nikkhitta-dh. weakness of character, lack of endurance (= pamāda) ibid.

abstr. fr. dhura

…anikkhittadhura Snp-a.236).

cp. Sk. dhuradhara

…them are desirable.

• -dhara mindful of punctiliousness Mil.342 (āraññaka dh. jhāyin).
• -vata the vow…

…of Idg. *dheru, enlarged form of *dher, see dharati

…dhāra to dhāreti; cp. dhara

adjective noun

1. bearing, one who holds or possesses Dhp-a.iii.93 (sampattiṃ).
2. one who knows or remembers AN.ii.97 (˚jātika); AN.iv.296 sq., AN.iv.328 (id.).

1. wearing, in mālā˚ (etc.) DN.i.5 = AN.ii.210 = Pp.58; Kp-a.37 cīvara˚ AN.ii.104 = Pp.45.
2. maintaining, sustaining keeping up Mil.320 (āyu˚ bhojana).
3. bearing in mind, remembrance Vin.iv.305; MN …

1. a debtor (see dhāreti 4) Ja.ii.203; Ja.iv.45.
2. a mnemonician Mil.79.

der. fr. dhāraṇa

1. wearing, being dressed with (= dhāraṇa 1) Mil.257.
2. mindfulness (= dhāraṇa 3) Cnd.628; Dhs.14.

1. memory Mil.79.
2. the earth (“the upholder,” cp. dharaṇī) Ja.vi.180.

to dhāraṇa

one who causes others to remember, an instructor, teacher (cp. dhāraṇaka) AN.iv.196 (sotā sāvetā uggahetā dh.).

n. ag. to dhāreti 3

…dh. pays no tribute); Mil.47 (atthaṃ).

Caus. of dharati, q.v. for etym.

the ceremony of being carried away, i.e. the marriage ceremony, marriage (cp. dhareyya under dharati) Thig.472 (text has vāreyya but Thag-a.285 explains dhāreyya = vivāha).

orig. grd. of dhāreti

…see dhāreti & cp. ˚dhara, ˚dhāra

Dhārā¹

feminine torrent, stream, flow, shower DN.i.74 (sammā˚ an even or seasonable shower; DN-a.i.218 = vuṭṭhi); DN.ii.15 (udakassa, streams) Ja.i.31; Pts.i.125 (udaka˚); Pv.ii.9#70 (sam …

…DN.iii.212; Dhs.1333;

• -ghara “house for a relic,” a dagoba Snp-a.194.
• -cetiya a shrine over a…

1. to run run away, run quickly Snp.939 (cp. Mnd.419); Dhp.344; Ja.i.308; Ja.vi.332; Mnd.405 = Cnd.304#iii.; Pv.iv.16#1 = palāyati Pv-a.284#2; Dhp-a.i.389 (opp. gacchati); Pv-a.4; Sdhp.378.
2. to c …

…fr. dhārayati (see dharati & dhiti); 2 Vedic. dhīra “wise” fr. dīdheti (see dhi²). The…

adjective of the next world, divine, heavenly, celestial, superb magnificent, fit for exalted beings higher than man (devas, heroes, manes etc.), superhuman, opp. mānusaka human. Freq. qualifying the …

…ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati“ (etc. up to 4th) the all-comprehending range of universal goodwill is further denoted by *uddhaṃ adho…

…of divine existence or character, a divine being, in “divi-bhavāni divyāni ettha atthī ti divyā” Snp-a.219; “divi-bhavattā dibbā…

adverb by day SN.i.183; MN.i.125; Dhp.387; DN-a.i.251; Pv-a.43, Pv-a.142, Pv-a.206 (= divasa-bhāge) Often combined & contrasted with rattiṃ (or ratto) by night; e.g. divārattiṃ by day & by ni …

…(pl.) visible signs or characteristics AN.iv.103;

• -maṅgalika (adj.) of puccha, a question…

…khanti ruci laddhi* characterizing “diṭṭhadhamma” at Cnd.299 & passim. Diṭṭhiyā sutiyā ñāṇena in def. of a theory of…

…the 3 main blemishes of character. For defⁿ see Vism.295 & Vism.470. Interpreted at Cnd.313 as “cittassa āghāto paṭighāto…

…vuṭṭhika; (bbhaga bhara, bhāsita, bhikkha; (m)mati, mana, manku mukha, mejjha, medha; (y)yiṭṭha, yuja, yutta (du + r) = du-ratta,…

…Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 11 s. v. padubbhati). See also dahara & dūbha, dūbhaka dūbhi

…ster. expression “hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya” for a long time it is a source of discomfort & pain AN.i.194 sq.; MN.i.332; DN.iii.157…

…g. (Vin.iii.52; Ja.ii.110) ghara˚; (Ja.iv.142; Pv-a.38) & geha˚; (Pv-a.61) the house door; antepura˚; the door of the inner chamber…

…gifts to the Sangha), in character the buddhistic equivalent of the brahmanic mahāyajña the chief sacrifice. On 16 Mahādānas see Wilson…

…(ñāti˚); Pv.ii.3#21 (ghara˚); Pv-a.46, Pv-a.61, Pv-a.65
■ Cp. kumbha˚.

• -gaṇa a troop of slave-girls…

adjective noun

1. (adj.) long DN.i.17; MN.i.429; SN.i.104 (˚ṃ addhānaṃ); Snp.146, Snp.633 (opp. rassa); Dhp.60 Dhp.409; Pv.i.10#11 (˚ṃ antaraṃ all the time); Pv.ii.9#55 (id.) Thag.646 (˚m-antare); D …

…Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 11 s. v. padubbhati). See also dahara & dūbha, dūbhaka dūbhi

adjective far distant, remote, opp. āsanna (Ja.ii.154) or santika (Dhs.677; Vism.402)
■ Pv-a.117. Often in compounds (see below), also as dūri˚; e.g. dū …

…an errand Vin.ii.202; ˚ṃ harati to obtain a commission Vin.iii.87; Vin.iv.23.

• -kamma doing a messenger’s duty…

…one man Ja.i.290.

• -pokkhara a sort of drum Ja.vi.21, Ja.vi.580 (C. explains by ek-akkhi-bherī) *…

…dasaṃ uṇṇāmay’ attharaṇaṃ keci ekato uggata-pupphan ti vadanti DN-a.i.87) Vin.i.192; Vin.ii.163, Vin.ii.169; AN.i.181. 2. (fig.)…

…Ja.i.87 (phal˚); Ja.iv.26 (dukkham˚); Pv.ii.9#28 (gharam); Pv-a.132.

Sk. eṣin, of iṣ

…as “eḷa-paggharantena mukhena eḷamūgaṃ” i.e. called eḷamūga because of the saliva (foam?) dripping from its mouth,…

…(one of the physical characteristics of the Superman) DN.ii.17; DN.iii.143 DN.iii.156; MN.ii.136; SN.i.16; Snp.165; -miga the eṇi deer…

…Ja.i.62;

• -pariharaṇa = next Vism.500;
• -parihāra “the protection of the…

cavern Snp.416 (giri˚); Vv.63#5 (giri˚).

Derivation uncertain. Cp. Sk. gahvara

The three formations (described below in the etymology) are represented in Pāli as follows.

1. gacch˚, in
   pres gacchati;
   imper gaccha & gacchāhi;
   pot gacche (Dhp.46, Dhp.224) & gacchey …

an ass, donkey Vin.v.129; MN.i.334; AN.i.229; Ja.ii.109, Ja.ii.110; Ja.v.453; DN-a.i.163
■ f. gadrabhī Ja.ii.340.

-bhāraka a donkey load Ja.ii.109; Dhp-a.i.123 *-[bhāva]( …

…AN.iii.258; Iti.112 (gharaṃ esino gahaṭṭhā) Dhp.404 = Snp.628; Snp.43 (gharaṃ āvasanto, see Cnd.226 for explanation), Cnd.90,…

1. adj. deep, thick, impervious, only in a˚ clear, unobstructed, free from obstacles Vv.18#7 (akanataka +); Mil.160 (gahanaṃ a kataṃ the thicket is cleared).
2. nt. an impenetrable place, a thicket j …

…robe) Vin.i.280 sq.; ˚dhara wearing the householder’s (private man’s) robe (of a bhikkhu) MN.i.31; AN.iii.391 sq.; *…

…ghar (1) Sk. gharghara (gurgling) (2 A^b) gharati (trickle), Sk. ghargharikā (bell); (2 B^b ghurughurāyati (grunt) …

(and gamiya Ja.i.87) adjective going away, setting out for a journey (opp. āgantuka coming back) appl. to bhikkhus only: Vin.i.292 (˚ bhatta food for outgoing bh.); Vin.ii.170 (āgantuka˚), Vin.ii.21 …

…quality (-rūpa, etc.) as characteristic of devas DN.iii.146; Pv.ii.9#58; as sāra˚, pheggu˚ taca˚, etc. (nine qualities in all) in definition…

1. a musician, a singer Ja.ii.249 sq.; Ja.iii.188; Vv-a.36, Vv-a.137.
2. a Gandharva or heavenly musician, as a class (see ˚*kāyika*) belonging to the demigods who inhabit the Cātu …

adjective belonging to the Gandhāra country (Kandahar) f. gandhārī in gandhārī vijjā Name of a magical charm DN.i.213; at Ja.iv.498 it renders one invisible.

1. adj.
   1. lit. heavy, opp. lahu light, applied to bhāra, a load SN.iii.26; Ja.i.196 (= bhārika); Ja.vi.420; Dhp-a.i.48; Sdhp.494 (rūpagarubhāra the heavy load of “form”). Compa …

somewhat heavy.

1. lit. Ja.i.134 (of the womb in pregnancy); Dhp.310; Mil.102. Usually coupled & contrasted with; lahuka, light: in def. of sense of touch Dhs.648; similarly w. si …

gone, in all meanings of gacchati (q.v.) viz.

1. literal. gone away, arrived at, directed to (c. acc.), opp ṭhita: gate ṭhite nisinne (loc. abs.) when going standing, sitting down (cp. gacchati 1) DN …

…element, especially characterized as sugati duggati, a happy or an unhappy existence. gati migānaṃ pavanaṃ, ākāso pakkhīnaṃ gati,…

…(do. variant reading paggharati); Pv.iv.5#3 (assukāni g.). 2. to rain Thag.524 (deve gaḷantamhi in a shower of rain. Cp….

…To this belong Vedic gṛha (house) in P. gaha˚, gihin, geha ghara, & also Vedic harati to seize, hasta hand

…To this belong Vedic gṛha (house) in P. gaha˚, gihin, geha ghara, & also Vedic harati to seize, hasta hand

…Dhp-a.i.291 (gaṇḍiṃ paharati to beat the g.), Dhp-a.ii.54, Dhp-a.ii.244; gaṇḍiṃ ākoṭetvā Kp-a.251. Cp. Avs.i.258 Avs.i.264,…

…Ne.53.

Sk. geha = gṛha, to gṛh, gaṇhāti; cp. gaha, gihin, ghara; see also gedha²

…warm; to *gṷher “warm,” cp. Sk. ghṛṇoti, hara Gr. χέρος, etc.

…(foliage) Pv-a.113; buddharasmiyo Ja.i.12; ˚maṃsa solid, pure flesh Dhp-a.i.80; ˚sāṭaka (thick cloth) Ja.i.292; ˚sañchanna (thickly…

…(abl gharā), Snp.889 (id. gharamhā); Ja.i.290 (id. gharato), Ja.iv.2, Ja.iv.364, Ja.iv.492 (ayo˚); Pp.57; Mil.47. combined with vatthu Pv-a.3,…

house-wife Vin.i.271; SN.i.201; Pv.iii.1#9 (= ghara-sāminī Pv-a.174); Dhp-a.iii.209.

fr. ghara¹

…rassa daṇḍaka-paharaṇa kīḷā, tip-cat); Vin.ii.10 Vin.iii.181; MN.i.266; AN.v.203; Mil.229. 3. a stack of twigs SN.ii.178,…

grass for fodder, pasturing: food Ja.i.511 (˚ṃ kurute); Pv-a.173 (˚atthāya gacchati “go feeding”) Mostly in: -esana search for food (= gocara) SN.i.141; Snp.711
■ Cp. vi˚*-[chada](/define/chada …

adj. from preceding greedy, usually -˚ greedy for, desirous after Pv.iv.10#7 (āhāra˚) f. giddhinī: gāvī vaccha Vin.i.193; SN.iv.181. Cp. also paligedhin.

…-byañjanāni (pl.) characteristics of a layman, or of a man of the world (w. ref. to articles of dress & ornament Snp.44, Snp.64 (=…

…-rājā king of the mountains, of Mount Sineru Mil.21, Mil.224;

• -sikhara mountain top, peak…

, adj.) being able to be paired (of a young cow), or being with calf (?) Snp.26.

ancestry, lineage. There is no word in English for gotta. It includes all those descended, or supposed to be descended, from a common ancestor. A gotta name is al …

…and gahapati-cīvara -dhara)- Snp.710; -antara the (interior of the) village, only in t. t. gāmantaraṃ gacchati to go…

1. = gāma Vin.i.208; Ja.i.199 (Macala˚), Ja.i.253; Ja.iv.431 (cora˚); Pv-a.67 (Iṭṭhakāvatī and Dīgharājī) Dhp-a.ii.25 (dvāra˚).
2. a villager Ja.v.107 (= gāmavāsin).

• -āvāsa an …

…Ja.iv.395 Def. as akkhara-padaniya-mita-ganthita-vacanaṃ at Kp-a.117. For a riddle on the word see SN.i.38. As a style of composition…

customarily given as “a long, storied mansion which has an upper chamber placed on the top,” a larger building, pāsāda, (store-house Vin.i.58, Vin.i.96, Vin.i.239; Vin.ii.146 (with vihāra, aḍḍhayoga …

…see voharati; hattuṃ: see āharati;
fut hāhiti…

taking, seizing, removing Ja.i.117, Ja.i.118, Ja.i.232; DN-a.i.71. kucchi˚; n. filling of the belly Ja.i.277 -bhatta a meal to take along Dhp-a.ii.144.

fr. hṛ.

goods in transit, movable goods Vin.iii.51.

fr. haraṇa

…wax from the ear Vin.ii.135. Cp. hāraka.

fr. haraṇa

…Pres. jihreti
■ The Dhtp (438) gives roots hiri & hara; in meaning “lajjā”

…˚āva˚); Pp.55 -ābharaṇa bracelet Vin.ii.106. -ābhijappana (nt.) incantations to make a man throw up his…

…DN-a.i.147.

• -atthara elephant rug Vin.i.192; DN.i.7; AN.i.181
• -ācariya elephant trainer…

…hair SN.i.115.

pp. of harati

Haṭa²

a kind of water-plant, Pistia stratiotes DN.i.166; MN.i.78, MN.i.156; Pp.55 (text sāta-)…

1. cause, reason, condition SN.i.134; AN.iii.440 sq.; Dhs.595, Dhs.1053; Vism.450 Tikp.11, Kp.233, Kp.239. In the older use paccaya and hetu are almost identical …

adjective noun one who harasses, a robber Ja.iv.495, Ja.iv.498. Cp. vi˚.

fr. heṭheti

harassing DN.ii.243; Vb-a.75.

fr. heṭheti

to harass, worry, injure Ja.iv.446, Ja.iv.471; Pv.iii.5#2 (= bādheti Pv-a.198) ppr. a-heṭhayaṃ Dhp.49; SN.i.21. med. a-heṭhayāna…

indeclinable for, because; indeed, surely Vin.i.13; DN.i.4; Dhp.5; Snp.21; Pv.ii.1#18; Pv.ii.7#10 (= hi saddo avadhāraṇe Pv-a.103); Snp-a.377 (= hi-kāro nipāto padapūraṇa-matto); Pv-a.70, Pv-a.7 …

Hiriyati (hirīyati)

to blush, to be shy; to feel conscientious scruple, to be ashamed Pp.20, Pp.24; Mil.171; Vism.464 (hirīyati); Dhs-a.149.

see harāyati

Hiriyati (hirīyati)

to blush, to be shy; to feel conscientious scruple, to be ashamed Pp.20, Pp.24; Mil.171; Vism.464 (hirīyati); Dhs-a.149.

see harāyati

is fut. of harati.

…(dhana˚) Snp-a.259 (maṃsa˚)
■ mala˚ an instrument for removing ear-wax Tha-ap.303; cp. haraṇī. sattha˚ a dagger carrier…

adjective carrying DN.ii.348.

fr. hāra

adjective

1. taking, carrying (f. hārinī) Ja.i.133; Pv.ii.3#10 (nom. pl. f. hārī); Pv-a.113.
2. robbing Ja.i.204

■ Cp. hāra˚.

fr. hāra

adjective carrying Vv.50#9; Thag-a.200; Vv-a.212.

fr. hāra

see harati.

is Pass. of harati.

Iddha¹

in flames, burning, flaming bright, clear Ja.vi.223 (˚khaggadharā balī; so read for T. iṭṭhi-khagga˚); Dpvs.vi.42.

pp. of iddhe to idh or indh, cp. indhana & idhuma

Iddha<sup …

There is no single word in English for Iddhi, as the idea is unknown in Europe. The main sense seems to be ʻpotency’.

1. Pre-Buddhistic; the Iddhi of a layman The four Iddhis of a king are personal …

…the characteristic of Indra Vism.491.

• -sāla Name of tree Ja.iv.92.

Vedic indra, most likely to same…

…ibid. as sayani-gharassa ummāro, i.e. threshold) SN.v.444 (ayokhīlo +); Dhp.95 (˚ûpama, cp. Dhp-a.ii.181) Thag.663; Ja.i.89;…

…of form and matter “kind, characteristic, determinating principle, sign mark” (cp. woman-hood, hood = Goth. haidus “kind form”). 3. w. ref….

…Thag.276; Ja.iii.498 (= viharati); Mnd.431; Cnd.147 (= carati etc.); Vism.16; DN-a.i.70.

fr. īr to set in motion, to stir, Sk. īrte, but…

1. a holy man, one gifted with special powers of insight & inspiration, an anchoret, a Seer, Sage, Saint, “Master” DN.i.96 (kaṇho isi ahosi); SN.i.33, SN.i.35, SN.i.65, SN.i.128, SN.i.191, SN.i.192 SN …

…padapāripurī akkharasamavāyo etc.“ Mnd.123 = Cnd.137. The same expl^n. also for iti’ haṃ (see below iv.)

I. As…

…unstable MN.i.318 (opp. dīgharattaṃ); AN.ii.187; Ja.i.393 Ja.iii.83 (˚dassana = khaṇika˚ C.), Ja.iv.112 (˚vāsa temporary abode);…

…Ja.iv.38. Some general characterisations of womanhood: 10 kinds of women enumerated at Vin.iii.139 = AN.v.264 = Vv-a.72 viz. mātu-rakkhitā,…

…Ja.iv.38. Some general characterisations of womanhood: 10 kinds of women enumerated at Vin.iii.139 = AN.v.264 = Vv-a.72 viz. mātu-rakkhitā,…

Iṭṭhi˚

in ˚khagga-dhāra at Ja.vi.223 should be read iddha.

…Dāvs.v.32;

• -dhara cp. jalandhara rain-cloud; the sea Mil.117;
• -dhi = preceding Dāvs.v.38

Sk. jala, conn. with gala drop…

inhabited country, the country (opp. town or market-place), the continent politically: a province, district, county DN.i.136 (opp nigama); DN.ii.349; AN.i.160, AN.i.178; Snp.422, Snp.683, Snp.995, Sn …

…being reduced in length of vowels = jant-āghara

…-ghara the house of age (adj.) like a decayed house Thig.270 (= jiṇṇagharasadisa Thag-a.213). *…

the leg, usually the lower leg (from knee to ankle) DN.ii.17≈(SN.i.16 = Snp.165 (eṇi˚); Snp.610; Ja.ii.240; Ja.v.42; Ja.vi.34; Thag-a.212). In compounds jangha (except in janghā-vihāra).

• *-[umma …

the belly Mil.175. Jannu(ka)

Vedic jaṭhara, to *gelt = *gelbh (see gabbha), cp. Goth. kilpei uterus, Ags. cild = E. child

…antelope’s hide (worn by ascetics) Snp.1010 (˚dhara), cp. above Ja.i.12;

• -dharaṇa the wearing of matted hair…

…kṣāyati to burn, kṣāy & kṣī, cp. khara & chārikā

to shun, avoid, loathe, detest, to be disgusted with or horrified at (c. instr.) DN.i.213 (iddhi-pāṭihāriyena aṭṭiyāmi harāyāmi j.): AN.iv.174 (kāyaduccaritena); Snp.215 (kammehi pāpakehi; Snp-a.266 …

…& pahūta-jivhatā the characteristic of possessing a prominent tongue (as the 27th of the 32 Mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni) DN.i.106 = Snp.p.107;…

…Thag-a.213 (-ghara a tumble-down house); Pv-a.40 (-goṇa = jaraggava), Pv-a.55 (of a roof). Cp. ˚tara Ja.iv.108. 2. digested…

1. light, splendour, radiance SN.i.93; AN.ii.85; Vv.16#2.
2. a star: see compounds
3. fire SN.i.169; Thag.415; Ja.iv.206; sajotibhūta set on fire SN.ii.260; AN.iii.407 sq.; Ja.i.232.

• *-[parāyaṇa]( …

…given on p. 557).

• -dhara (jutin˚) carrying or showing light, shining resplendent, brilliant SN.i.121; Ja.ii.353;…

…ñatta); DN-a.i.86 (akkhara˚); Vism.391 (˚atthāya in order to know), Vism.436 (= pajānana). Cp. ājānana. ajānana…

…-jāta (nt.) characteristic; pada˚ pedal character SN.i.86; anga˚ the sexual organ Vin.i.191; as adj. having become… (= bhūta);…

…parentage. The 1st of the 5 characteristics constituting a “well-bred brahmin: yāva sattamā pitāmahāyugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho…

…MN.i.225; dabba AN.i.254; mukhara˚ Snp.275; viññū˚ Snp.294; māna Ja.i.88. 2. descended from, being of rank, belonging to the class of:…

to live be alive, live by, subsist on (c. instr. or nissāya). Imper pres. jīva Snp.427, very freq. with ciraṃ live long… as a salutation & thanksgiving. ciraṁ jīva Ja.vi.337 c. jīvāhi Snp.1029 Pv.ii.3 …

(individual) life, lifetime, span of life; living, livelihood (cp jīvikā) Vin.ii.191; SN.i.42; SN.iv.169, SN.iv.213; MN.ii.73 (appaṃ) AN.i.155, AN.i.255; AN.iii.72; AN.iv.136 (appakaṃ parittaṃ); Snp.1 …

adjective always in combination with āhāra, food “made into a ball,” i.e. eatable, material food, as one of the 4 kinds of food (see stock phrase k˚ āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā… at …

…and -pavara-pacc. attharaṇa (nt.) the hide of the k. deer, used as a rug or cover DN.i.7 = AN.i.181 = Vin.i.192 = Vin.ii.163, Vin.ii.169;…

…Ja.iii.289; fig. pure of character Ja.iii.290. kaddamīkata made muddy or dirty, defiled Ja.vi.59 (kilesehi).

• -odaka…

…kakkhalaṃ kharagataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo); Vism.349 (= thaddha), Vism.591, Vism.592 (˚lakkhaṇa); Dhp-a.ii.95;…

…Com. explⁿ sikhara, kūṭa) AN.iii.34 (= AN-a.620 ~kūṭa). Cp. satakkaku & Morris, J.P.T.S. 1891–⁠93, 5.

Brh. kakud, cp….

adjective any indistinct and confused noise Mhbv.23 (of the tramping of an army); in -mukhara sounding confusedly (of the ocean) ibid. 18. Cp karakarā.

cp. Sk. kala

the white esculent water lily Ja.v.37; Dpvs.xvi.19.

cp. Sk. kahlāra, the P. form to be explained as a diaeretic inversion kalhāra → kallahāra

…1 of virtuous character, of good conduct, virtuous Vin.i.73; Vin.iii.133; SN.v.352; Pp.26; Iti.96; Pv.iv.1#35 Mil.129; Dhp-a.i.380;…

…(sheaves) of a crop, given away as alms Dhp-a.i.98

• -sammasanā grasping (characteristics) by groups Vism.287, Vism.606, Vism.626 sq.

cp….

…Ja.v.207;

• -pariharaka a wristlet or bracelet Vv-a.167.

cp. Sk. kambu, Halāyudha = śankha; Dhtp. saṃvaraṇe

…on the agent or bearing his characteristics; disposition, character. Esp. in phrase kammena samannāgata “endowed with the quality of acting in…

…(evam-) of such character SN.i.204 kurūra-k˚ (adj.) of cruel character AN.iii.383 = Pp.56 (in def. of puggalo orabbhiko); sammā˚;…

…is of such & such a character: āya˚; revenue-overseer, treasurer Dhp-a.i.184 sabba˚; (always with ref. to amacca, the king’s…

to cause to fit, to create, build, construct arrange, prepare, order.

I. lit

1. in special sense: to prepare, get done, i.e. harness: Ja.i.62; plait DN-a.i.274, an offering (yaññaṃ) Snp.1 …

adjective

1. (cp. kappa ii.1^a) according to rule, right, suitable, fitting, proper, appropriate (Pv-a.26 = anucchavika paṭirūpa) Ja.i.392; DN-a.i.9; Pv-a.25 Pv-a.141
   ■ a˚; not r …

…one of the 4 qualities of character significant of a human being who has attained enfranchisement of heart (ceto-vimutti) in the 4 sentiments…

…Ja.v.314; -ṃ samannāharati to concentrate one’s mind on the k. Ja.iii.519.

-āyatana the base or object of a…

whip Vin.i.99 (in Uddāna); MN.i.87, etc.; Dhp.143; Mil.197
■ -kasāhi tāḷeti to whip lash, flog as punishment for malefactors here, as well as in Niraya (see kamma-karaṇā) MN.i …

…habit, or “like, of such character.” The qualification is either made by kamma, deed, work, or kicca,…

…tiṇṇa-vicikiccho viharati akathankathī kusalesu dhammesu DN.i.71 = Pp.59 jhāyī anejo a˚ Dhp.414 (: Dhp-a.iv.194) = Snp.638. *…

kathesi,
inf kathetuṃ & kathetave (Vin.i.359);
pass kathīyati & katheti (Mil.22, cp. Trenckner, Notes 122);
ppr Pass. kathīyamāna & kacchamāna (AN.iii.181);
grd kathetabba, kathanīya & kacch …

1. talk talking, conversation AN.i.130; Pv-a.39. So in antarā˚ DN.i.179; Snp.p.107, Snp.p.115; cp. sallāpa. Also in tiracchāna˚; low, common speech, comprising 28 kinds of conversational talk a b …

1. bronze Mil.2 magnified by late commentators occasionally into silver or gold. Thus Ja.vi.504 (silver) and Ja.i.338; Ja.iv.107 Ja.vi.509 (gold), considered more suitable to a fairy king
2. a bronze …

…the coating of red powder characteristic of the best rice Mhvs.5, Mhvs.30; Anvs.27 (akaṇaṃ karoti to whiten the rice). Cp. kākaṇa.

*…

1. the portion of a stalk or cane between one knot and another; the whole stalk or shaft; the shaft of an arrow, an arrow in general MN.i.429 (two kinds of arrows: kaccha & ropima, cp kaṇḍa-cittaka); …

…latter passage ˚ikaṃ paharati means to impinge on the ear (said of the wind); ˚ikaṃ bhindati (= bhindanto viya paharati) to break the…

…gīvūpagasīsūpagādi-ābharaṇāni). Esp. in loc. kaṇṭhe round the neck, with ref. to var. things tied round, e.g. kuṇapaṃ k…

…with sakkhara at DN.i.84 = AN.i.9, and in simile at AN.i.253. As f. combined with kaṭṭha at…

…ii.148; iii.92.

• -attharaṇa the dedication of the k. cloth Vin.i.266 see next.
• -atthāra…

hip, waist Vin.iii.22, Vin.iii.112; Cnd.659; Ja.iv.32; Mil.418. In compounds also kaṭa (q.v.).

• -thālaka a cert. bone on the small of the back Ja.vi.509.
• *\ …

…tikhiṇa, ghora (of niraya); often combined with khara opp. madhura, e.g. Pv-a.119

…Iti.90 = Ja.i.482.

• -atthara a mat made of twigs (cp kaṭasāra) Ja.v.197, Also as -attharika (& ˚kā) Ja.vi.21;…

…-kalāpā (pl. (atimanohara˚) beautiful tresses Pv-a.46; -kalyāṇa beauty of hair Dhp-a.i.387
■ kārika…

Kesara¹

a mane, in -sīha a maned lion Ja.ii.244; Snp-a.127.

Kesara²

filament of flowers, hairy structures of plants esp. of the lotus; usually of kiñjakkha …

…of unsettled character unreliable, deceitful Pv-a.241. -sīlaka id. Ja.ii.447
■ pañca citta-keḷiyo = pañca…

…attharaṇā “elephants’ trappings interwoven with gold” Vv-a.104; of a chair, inlaid with pearls Ja.i.41; of a…

…their origin they are characterized as chandamūlakā “rooted in desire, or in wilful desire” SN.iii.100; cp. yo kho… pañcas’…

…(adj.) one whose character is compassion and loving forbearance Ja.i.151, Ja.i.262; Pv-a.66 (+ yuttakāra) Vv-a.71 (in…

…(adj.) one whose character is compassion and loving forbearance Ja.i.151, Ja.i.262; Pv-a.66 (+ yuttakāra) Vv-a.71 (in…

…a conch Ja.vi.580.

• -ssara of rough sound SN.ii.128.

cp. Sk. khara

Khara²

water Ja.iii.282.

Sk. kṣara

roughness AN.i.54; Pv-a.90 (in explⁿ of pharusa).

fr. khara

…upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati “he keeps himself uprooted and half-dead” i.e. he continues to lead a life of false ideas AN.i.105 =…

nom. also khattiyāse Ja.iii.441. A shortened form is khatya Ja.vi.397
■ f. khattiyā AN.iii.226–⁠AN.iii.229, khattī DN.i.193, and khattiyī. A member of one of the clans or tribes recognised as of Ary …

waste, destruction, consumption decay, ruin, loss; of the passing away of night Vv-a.52 mostly in applied meaning with ref. to the extinction of passions & such elements as condition, life, & rebirth …

digging Mil.351 (pokkharaṇi˚).

fr. khaṇ

…okkantikā, ubbegā pharaṇā (see pīti) Vism.143, Dhs-a.115.

• -citta temporary or momentary…

…and vatthu explained ghara˚, koṭṭhaka˚, pure˚, pacchā˚, ārāma˚, vihāra without ref. to aṇṇa.) SN.ii.41; Snp.769. Together…

an enclitic particle of affirmation & emphasis indeed, really, surely; in narration: then, now (cp kira); in question: then, perhaps, really. Def. as adhikār’ antara-nidassan’ atthe nipāto Kp-a.113 …

Khura¹

the hoof of an animal Vv.64#10 (of a horse = turagānaṃ khuranipāta, the clattering of a horse’s hoof Vv-a.279), cp. Sk. kṣura, a monkey’s claw Sp. Avs.i.236.

khura-kāse MN.i.44 …

any alkaline substance, potash, lye. In combination with ūsa (salt earth) at SN.iii.131 (-gandha) AN.i.209
■ Used as a caustic Pv.iii.10#2; Sdhp.281. See also chārikā.

• -āpatacchika a means of …

adjective sharp or dry, said of the buds of the Pāricchattaka AN.iv.117 sq.

fr. khāra

Khārika¹

alkaline, in enumⁿ of tastes (cp. rasa) at SN.iii.87; Dhs.629 and ≈.

adj. to khāra

Khārika²

of the khārī measure, in vīsati˚ kosalako tilavāho AN.v.173 = …

certain measure of capacity (esp. of grain, see below khārika). It is used of the eight requisites of an ascetic, and often in conn. with his yoke (kāja): “a khārī-load.”

• -kāja …

…AN.iii.389; Vism.261 (˚paharaṇ’ aggi), Vism.342 (˚magga); Snp-a.334
■ jhāma˚ a burnt stump (as characteristic of kālaka) SN.iv.193 …

…guessed It is aoristic in character (cp. Sk. sma). In questions it is dubitative, while in ordinary statements it gives the appearance of…

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

…guessed It is aoristic in character (cp. Sk. sma). In questions it is dubitative, while in ordinary statements it gives the appearance of…

…praise, in ˚hara receiving or deserving praise DN.iii.191; cp. ˚bhatā Mnd.147.

Vedic kīrti, *qer: cp. Gr. καρκαίρω,…

…praise, in ˚hara receiving or deserving praise DN.iii.191; cp. ˚bhatā Mnd.147.

Vedic kīrti, *qer: cp. Gr. καρκαίρω,…

…sticks or adheres to the character of a man, and which he must get rid of, if he wants to attain to a higher moral condition. Def. as the 3…

…of what conduct, in comb. with;

• -sīla of what character Snp.324 (= Snp-a.331).

nt. of rel. pron. ka

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

anger. Nearest synonyms are āghāta (Dhs.1060 = Cnd.576 both expositions also of dosa), upanāha (always in chain rāga, dosa, moha, kodha, upanāha) and *[dhūma]( …

…foll
■ vaṇṇa-pokkharatā i.e. light colour as becoming a man of good family. Kern

Toevoegselen

s. v. quite unnecessarily interprets…

shrub and its flower Ja.v.473 (˚dāma, so read for karaṇḍaka), Ja.vi.536; as Npl. in Koraṇḍaka-vihāra Vism.91.

= kuraṇḍaka

1. a sheath for a needle Ja.iii.282.
2. a bowl, container, or vessel for food Ja.i.349 (variant reading kesaka); MN.ii.6, MN.ii.7, (-˚āhāra adj. living on a bowl-full of food; also aḍḍha˚) Vism.263. …

…of Snp.121); Dhp-a.i.70 (pharasunā)

pp koṭṭita
caus koṭṭāpeti to cause to beat, to massage Vin.ii.266;…

…i.e. room over the gate: gharaṃ satta-dvāra-koṭṭhakapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ “a mansion adorned with seven gateways” Ja.i.227 =…

(der. fr. kuha) a hole, a cavity; lit. a hidingplace Dāvs i.62.

…bad doing, misconduct, bad character. Def. kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ tassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ Vism.470 & Bdhd 24
■ Various explanations…

dog. usually of a fierce character, a hound AN.iii.389 AN.v.271; Ja.i.175 sq.; Ja.i.189; Pv.iii.7#9; Sdhp.90. In similes SN.iv.198; MN.i.364;…

…of good birth. As second characteristic of a Brahmin (with sujāto as 1st) in formula at DN.i.93 DN.i.94≈; Vin.i.15, Vin.i.43, Vin.i.185,…

crate, basket work, a kind of raft, a little basket Ja.vi.64.

• -vihāra (adj.) the state of being like one who has found a raft (?) Vin.ii.304 (cp. Bdhgh uttānavihāra ibid. p. 33 …

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

tortoise SN.iv.177 (+ kacchapa); MN.i.143; Ja.v.489; Mil.363, Mil.408 (here as land-tortoise cittaka-dhara˚).

Vedic kūrma

junket, usually with odana, boiled rice. In formula of kāya (cātummahābhūtika etc., see kāya) DN.i.76 = MN.ii.17 and ≈; in enum. of material food (kabaḷinkārâhāra) …

1. the kusa grass (Poa cynosuroides) Dhp-a.iii.484: tikhiṇadhāraṃ tiṇaṃ antamaso tālapaṇṇam pi; Dhp.311; Ja.i.190 (= tiṇa); Ja.iv.140.
2. a blade of grass used as a mark or a lot: pātite kuse “when t …

…good qualities of character SN.ii.206; MN.i.98; AN.iv.11 sq.; AN.v.90 sq.; AN.v.123 sq.; Pp.68, Pp.71; Vb.105; Pts.i.101, Pts.i.132;…

pail or pot, in phrase kuṇḍipaddhana giving a pailful of milk. Ja.vi.504 (Kern

Toevoegselen

s.v. compares phrase Sanskrit kāṁsy’ôpadohana, proposes reading kuṇḍ’ opadohana ‣See also kaṁsupadhāra …

An axe, a hatchet Vin.iii.144; SN.iv.160, SN.iv.167; MN.i.233 = SN.iii.141 AN.i.141; AN.ii.201; AN.iv.171; Ja.i.431; Dhp-a.iii.59; Pv-a.277 Purisassa hi jātassa kuthārī jāyate mukhe “when man is bor …

…straight Vv.16#7 (-magga).

• -bhāva crookedness of character Vism.466; Pv-a.51; Vv-a.84.
• -a˚ uprightness Bdhd 20.

crookedness, falseness, in a˚, uprightness of character Dhs.50, Dhs.51; Dhp-a.i.173.

fr. kuṭila

…light, and it is therefore characteristic of all phenomena or beings belonging to the realm of darkness, as the night, the new moon, death ghosts,…

…Vb.375. This set of 10 characteristics is followed by kām-ogha, kāma-yoga kām-upādāna at Cnd.200, cp. Vism.141 (kām-ogha ˚āsava,…

to construct, to build, etc.; pp. kārita; der. -kārāpaṇa the construction of (vihāra˚ Dhp-a.i.416. For details see karoti iv.; see also *[kārāpaka](/define/ …

…environment & by which his character is judged, viz action, the three being kāya, vacī (vāca) and manas. These three; kammantas, activities or…

…light, and it is therefore characteristic of all phenomena or beings belonging to the realm of darkness, as the night, the new moon, death ghosts,…

…spot (of hair) Ja.v.197 (= kaṇha-r-iva)
■ Fig. of character Dhp-a.iv.172.

fr. kāḷa

…Vv i.¹ (= sikhara); aṃsa˚ shoulder clavicle, Vv-a.121, Vv-a.123 pabbata˚ mountain peak Vin.ii.193; Ja.i.73. Cp. koṭa 2. the…

1. to be ashamed or abashed, to be modest or bashful Pv-a.48 (for harāyati)
   ppr lajjamāna Dhp-a.i.188; Pv-a.88;
   fut lajjissati Ja.iii.218;
   inf lajjituṃ Dhp …

…having the marks (of) characterized by, of such & such character AN.i.102 (kamma˚; bāla˚ & paṇḍita˚, together with…

to mark, distinguish, characterize Ne.30
pp lakkhita
■ Cp. upa˚.

Denom. fr. lakkha

(& lena) neuter

1. a cave (in a rock), a mountain cave, used by ascetics (or bhikkhus) as a hermitage or place of shelter, a rock cell. Often enumerated with kuṭi guhā, e.g. Vin.iv.48; Mil.151; Vb. …

1. carved, cut, worked (in ivory etc.), in cpd. saṅkha˚ brahmacariya the moral life, like a polished shell DN.i.63; SN.ii.219, explained at DN-a.i.181 as “likhita-sankha-sadisa dhota-sankha-sap …

…(by), to get stained (in character Snp.250, Snp.547, Snp.625, Snp.778, Snp.913, Snp.1040; cp. Snp.71 (alippamāna ppr.)
pp…

…86). 2. mark of sex, sexual characteristic, pudendum (male as well as female, as neither m. nor f.) Vin.iii.35 (purisa˚); Ja.v.197…

…lingati) Thig.398 (= ālingetvā Thag-a.260). See ā˚. 2. to characterize: see ul˚.

Denom. fr. liṅg

adjective having or being a characteristic Vism.210 (of nāma); Kp-a.107 (id.).

fr. linga

…greed; (adj.) (of) greedy character MN.i.91; MN.iii.37; DN.i.224, DN.i.230; SN.iv.111; AN.iii.350; Ja.iv.11.

• -mūla the root…

…to this world, the character of evanescence is inherent in it; referring to the universe in a wider sense, it implies infinity, though not…

longing, eagerness, greed Mil.93; Snp-a.35 (āhāra˚).

fr. lola

…(ekeka˚, uddhagga˚, in characteristics of a Mahāpurisa); SN.ii.257 (asi˚, usu˚, satti˚ etc.) AN.ii.114; Vin.iii.106 (usu˚ etc.); Snp.385;…

…& thus be characteristic of outward appearance. We do not exactly see how the term; caturaṅga is used here
■ Cp….

taking away, cutting off; as tt. g. apocope, elision (of the final letter) Vb-a.164 (sabba-loka-vohāra˚); Snp-a.12, Snp-a.303, Snp-a.508; Vv-a.79 often in anunāsika˚; dropping of (final) ṃ …

…AN.iv.203.

• -sakkhara a salt crystal (cp. ˚phala), a (solid) piece of (natural) salt SN.ii.276 (in simile, cp….

…= luddaka); Ja.iii.432 (Bharata by name) Pp.56 (māgavika, sākuṇika, l., macchaghātaka etc. explained by dāruṇa kakkhaḷa at Pp-a.233);…

…a miserable, offensive character (opp. siniddhapuggala) Vism.132; Vb-a.282.

• -ājīvin leading a hard or rough life DN.i.161; DN.iii.44,…

…Pgdp.ii.49
■ maccharaṃ (nt.) avarice envy AN.iv.285; Snp.811, Snp.862, Snp.954 (vīta-macchara, adj.).

Vedic matsara & matsarin…

Maccharāyitatta (nt.) the condition of selfishness, both expressions in defⁿ of macchariya at Dhs.1122; Pp.19, Pp.23; Dhs-a.375.

to be selfish, greedy or envious Ja.vi.334; Dhp-a.ii.45, Dhp-a.ii.89.

Demon. fr. macchariya

the God of Death, the Buddhist Māra, or sometimes equivalent to Yama SN.i.156; Snp.357 (gen. maccuno), Snp.581 (instr maccunā), Snp.587; Thag.411; Dhp.21, Dhp.47, Dhp.128, Dhp.135, Dhp.150 Dhp.287; Vb …

…sometimes more def. characterised with phrase mada-matta elated with the pride or intoxication of… (-˚). e.g. AN.i.147 (yobbana˚,…

…Ja.vi.529 (= madhuṃ paggharanto C.). Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. unnecessarily reads as ˚atthika which he takes = ˚aṭṭhika. *…

1. worthiness, venerableness Mil.357.
2. a (religious) festival (in honour of a Saint, as an act of worship) Mhvs.33, Mhvs.26 (vihārassa mahamhi, loc.); Vv-a.170 (thūpe ca mahe kate), Vv-a.200 (id.) …

…etc. Ja.iv.482 (opp. dahara young); Vv.46#1 (= mahanto Vv-a.199); Dhp-a.i.7, Dhp-a.i.278; Dhp-a.ii.4, Dhp-a.ii.55, Dhp-a.ii.91;…

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

…Mhvs.5, Mhvs.54.

• -dhara mountain Mil.343; Mhvs.14, Mhvs.3; Mhvs.28, Mhvs.22 (variant reading mahin˚)
• -pa king (of…

…Snp.216 (contrasted with dahara young & thera old). 3. often used adv. in loc.; majjhe in the middle; i.e.

1. as prep in between, among (-˚…

impartiality, indifference, balance of mind Cnd.166 (in explⁿ of upekkhā with syn. passaddhatā); Vb.230; Vism.134; Vb-a.285 (satta˚ & sankhāra˚), Vb-a.317 (def.); Dhs-a.133.

abstr. from prec.

anything impure, stain (lit. & fig.), dirt. In the Canon mostly fig. of impurities. On mala in similes see J.P.T.S., 1907, 122
■ SN.i.38 (itthi malaṃ brahmacariyassa), SN.i.43 (id.); AN.i.105 (issā˚ …

…of flowers Vv.1#1 (-dhara); Vv.2#1; Ja.v.188 (puppha˚), Ja.v.420. The reading at Pv.iii.3#3 (pahūta˚, adj. having many rows of flowers)…

adjective [onomat. cp. babbhara. With Sk. marmara rustling to Lat. fremo to roar = Gr. βρέμω to thud, βροντή thunder, Ger. brummen. Cp….

…Ja.vi.432; Snp-a.358. -hara charming, captivating beautiful Mhvs.18, Mhvs.49; Name of a special gem (the wishing gem?)…

…Ja.vi.432; Snp-a.358. -hara charming, captivating beautiful Mhvs.18, Mhvs.49; Name of a special gem (the wishing gem?)…

…Ja.iii.415; nidhi-uddharana˚ (of finding secret treasures), Ja.iii.116; catukaṇṇa (four-cornered), Ja.vi.392, etc. 4. advice, counsel,…

…Mhvs.29, Mhvs.8; Dpvs.19, 2; Mil.197 (pāsāṇa, sakkhara, khara, m.).

etym.?

adj. nt. shaking up, crushing, harassing, confusing Mil.21 (+ maddana); Dhp-a.i.312; Pv-a.265.

fr. math

…matheti to agitate, crush, harass, upset (cittaṃ SN.iv.210; Snp.50 (= tāseti hāpeti Cnd.492); Pv.iv.7#1 (kammānaṃ vipāko mathaye manaṃ;…

…Mhvs.80 (sīsa˚); Yugandhara˚ Mil.6; Dhp-a.ii.3 (uddhana˚).

• -āsin sitting on top (of the mountain) Ja.vi.497 (= pabbata-matthake…

…food-stuff, food Ja.iii.523; utu˚ something like a (change in) season Vism.395; sīla˚ character, having sīla as substance (or…

…DN.ii.227 (one of the 8 characteristics of Brahmā’s & the Buddha’s voice: see bindu & aṭṭhanga); Ja.ii.150
■…

stand, (tripod) for a bowl, formed of sticks Vin.ii.124 (= daṇḍ’ ādhāraka Bdhgh on p. 318).

prob. dialectical for māḷaka: cp. mallaka

adjective auspicious prosperous, lucky, festive Mnd.87, Mnd.88; Kp-a.118 sq. Snp-a.273, Snp-a.595; Sdhp.551
■ nt. maṅgalaṃ good omen auspices, festivity Snp.258; Vin.ii.129; Pv-a.17. A curious …

…is doubted by Walde, Lat. Wtb. s. v. monile, where see other suggestions For further characterisation of maṇi cp. Zimmer,…

Maṭṭa & Maṭṭha

wiped, polished, clean, pure

1. maṭṭa: DN.ii.133 (yugaṃ maṭṭaṃ dhāraṇīyaṃ: “pair of robes of burnished cloth of gold and ready for wear” trsl.); Vism.258 (variant r …

Maṭṭa & Maṭṭha

wiped, polished, clean, pure

1. maṭṭa: DN.ii.133 (yugaṃ maṭṭaṃ dhāraṇīyaṃ: “pair of robes of burnished cloth of gold and ready for wear” trsl.); Vism.258 (variant r …

adjective intelligent, wise, often combined with paṇḍita & bahussuta;: DN.i.120; SN.iv.375; AN.iv.244; Vin.iv.10, Vin.iv.13, Vin.iv.141; Snp.323 (acc. medhāvinaṃ + bahussutaṃ), Snp.627, Snp.1008 (E …

sort of intoxicating liquor, spirits, rum, usually combined with surā. DN.i.146 DN.i.166; MN.i.238; Pp.55; Dhp.247; Ja.iv.117 (pupphāsav-ādi, i.e. made fr. flowers, cp. def^{n</s …}

…chindati, nillopaṃ harati, ekāgārikaṃ karoti, paripanthe tiṭṭhati, paradāraṃ gacchati, musā bhaṇati“ at Mnd.144);…

…cp. magga, meaning, when characterised by another attribute “wild animal” in general, animal of the forest; when uncharacterised usually…

…the strange sounds of a foreign tongue cp. babbhara & mammana

adjective noun

1. mixed, combined Ja.ii.8 (phalika˚ rajata-pabbata mountain of silver mixed with crystal); Vb-a.16 (lokiya-lokuttara˚); usually ˚-, like -āhāra mixed food Dhp-a.ii.101; *-upp …

measured, in measure DN.i.54 (doṇa˚ a doṇa measure full); Snp.300 (bhāgaso m. measured in harmonious proportions, i.e. stately); Pv.i.10#13 (id.) Ja.iii.541
■ amita unlimited, wit …

…types: añña-d-atthu-hara, vacī-parama, anuppiyabhāṇin apāya-sahāya, i.e. one who takes anything one who is a great talker, one who…

wisdom, character, self-possession Snp.540 (˚patha = ñāṇa-patha Snp-a.435), Snp.718, Snp.723; Mnd.57 Cnd.514 A (= ñāṇa & paññā);…

…of a muni, muni-hood; good character, moral perfection This is always represented as 3 fold, viz. kāya˚, vacī˚ mano˚ (see under…

…= SN.i.137; Ja.iv.265 (Yugandhara˚); Pv.ii.9#61 (Naga˚ = Sineru˚ Pv-a.138) Vism.304 (vammika˚ on top of an ant-hill)
■ Freq in phrase…

Muddikā¹

feminine a seal ring, signet-ring, fingerring Ja.i.134; Ja.iii.416; Ja.iv.439; Dhp-a.i.394; Dhp-a.ii.4 (a ring given by the king to the keeper of the city gates as a sign of au …

…refers to an unevenness in character, a flaw of character. The passage (with var. spellings) is always the foll.:…

club, hammer, mallet Ja.i.113; Ja.ii.196, Ja.ii.382; Ja.v.47; Ja.vi.358; Mil.351; Vism.231; Dhp-a.i.126; Dhp-a.ii.21; Pv-a.4, Pv-a.55 (ayo˚), Pv-a.56 (˚pahāra), Pv-a.66, Pv-a.192. The word is s …

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

…Thag.955; Snp.275; Ja.iii.103; Dhp-a.ii.70 (ati˚); Pv-a.11-opp. amukhara MN.i.470; Thag.926; Pp.35; Mil.414.

cp. Sk. mukhara; fr. mukha

talkativeness, garrulousness, noisiness Dhp-a.ii.70.

fr. mukhara

…on the 3 fold division of character as revealed in action, speech & thought (kāya˚, vacī˚, mano˚). Just as these 3 are in general exhibited…

…only in one stock phrase “bharaiḥ motaiḥ piṭakaiḥ” at Divy.5, Divy.332, Divy.501, Divy.524. The more likely solution, however, is that…

pearl Vv.37#7 (˚ācita); Pv.ii.7#5 (+ veḷuriya); Mhvs.30, Mhvs.66. Eight sorts of pearls are enumerated at Mvu. 11, 14, viz. haya-gaja-rath’ āmalakā valay’anguli-veṭhakā kakudha-phala-pākatikā, i …

I. Forms

The 2 bases muñc˚ & mucc˚; are differentiated in such a way, that muñc˚; is the active base, and mucc˚; the passive. There are however cases where the active forms (muñ …

adjective bald, shaven; a shaven, (bald-headed) ascetic, either a samaṇa, or a bhikkhu or (f.) bhikkhunī SN.i.175 (m. sanghāṭi-pāruta); Vin.iv.265 (f.); Snp.p.80 (= muṇḍita-sīsa Snp-a.402)
■ *ka …

having forgotten, one who forgets; only in two compounds, viz. -sacca [der. fr. foll. muṭṭha + sati + ya] forgetfulness, lit. forgotten-mindedness, usually combined with asampajañña, DN.iii.213; …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

…of flowers Ja.ii.104. -dhara wearing a wreath Ja.iii.179 (ratta˚, see also above). -dhārin wearing a…

death; usually personified as Np. Death, the Evil one, the Tempter (the Buddhist Devil or Principle of Destruction) Sometimes the term māra is applied to the whole of the worldly exi …

adjective consisting of months DN.ii.327 (dvādasa˚ saṃvacchara the year of 12 months).

= māsika

mother
■ Cases: nom. sg mātā Snp.296; Dhp.43; Ja.iv.463; Ja.v.83; Ja.vi.117; Cnd.504 (def. as janikā); gen. mātu Thag.473; Vin.i.17; Ja.i.52 mātuyā Ja.i.53; Mhvs.10, Mhvs.80; Pv-a.31; and * …

…(Dhamma-dhara, Vinaya-dhara, Mātikā-dhara; here equivalent to Abhidhamma); Vism.312 (so pañcavasso hutvā dve mātikā paguṇaṃ katvā…

Māḷaka

a stand, viz. for alms-bowl (patta˚) Vin.ii.114, or for drinking vessel (pānīya˚ Ja.vi.85.

a Non-Aryan word, although the Dhtm.395 gives roots mal & mall; in meaning “dhāraṇa” (see under …

Mālaka (Māḷaka)

a circular (consecrated) enclosure, round, yard (cp. Geiger, Mvu. trsl. 99: “m. is a space marked off and usually terraced within which sacred functions were carried out. In the Mah …

adj. nt.

1. (adj.)
   1. (-˚) being caused by, having its reason through or from, conditioned by originating in Vb.390 (taṇhā˚ dhammā); Tikp.233 sq. Tikp.252 sq., Tikp.288 sq. & passim; Vb-a.200 sq …

river; often characterised as mahā˚ in opp to kun˚ rivulet; pl. nadiyo also collect. “the waters
■ DN.i.244 (Aciravatī nadī); SN.ii.32,…

…Assayuja [Sk. Aśvinī] Bharaṇī, Kattikā, Rohiṇī, Magasiraṃ [Sk. Mṛgaśīrṣa] Addā [Sk. Ārdrā], Punabbasu Phussa [Sk. Puṣya],…

bent on, disposed to (-˚), able or capable of Ja.iii.392 (pabbajjāya-namita-citta); Mil.308 (phalabhāra˚).

pp. nameti

…taṃ aṭṭhārasa-vidhaṃ sammāvattuṃ vattantī ti attho.

see nittharati; does any connection exist with…

guide, conductor; support (= nettika²) Iti.37 (āhāra˚-pabhava), Iti.38 (bhava˚), Iti.94 (netticchinna bhikkhu = Arahant). Cp. nettika² dhamma˚, bhava˚.

Vedic netrī, f. to netṛ

…(to enter into), ˚ccharati (nis to car to go forth), ˚ddhamati (throw out), ˚pajjati (result from), ˚bbattati (vatt spring out…

…āsavānaṃ khayā viharanti* AN.iv.83; kodhaṃ pahatvāna parinibbiṃsu anāsavā (are completely cooled) AN.iv.98 *āsavakhīṇo…

1. to extinguish, put out, quench SN.i.188 (mahārāgaṃ); Iti.93 (rāg-aggiṃ; & nibbāpetvā aggiṃ nipakā parinibbanti); cp. aggiṃ nijjāleti Ja.vi.495; Pv.i.8#5 (vārinā viya osiñcaṃ sabbaṃ daraṃ nibbāpaye …

1. to be cooled or refreshed, to be covered up = to be extinguished, go out (of fire), to cease to exist, always used with ref. to fire or heat or (fig.) burning sensations (see *[nibbāna](/define/nib …

…of the evanescent character of all things mental or material is one of the primary conditions of attaining right knowledge (:…

to go out or forth from, to rise, sound forth, come out Iti.75 (devasadda) Vv.38#2; Ja.i.53, Ja.i.176; Dhp-a.i.389; Vv-a.12, Vv-a.37 (saddā). Caus. nicchāreti to make come o …

emanation, sending out, expansion, efflux Vism.303.

fr. niccharati

…ti bāhāya vā rukkhe vā paharati-nicchedeti (chid) is pardonable because of Prk chollai “to cut.” Cp. also nicchubhati with variant…

to throw out Ja.iii.512 (= nīharati Com.; variant reading nicchurāti); Mil.187
pp nicchuddha q.v.

Sk. *niḥkṣubhati, nis + khubhati or…

Caus. of niccharati, q.v.

…apposition, attribute characteristic; sign, term DN.i.223 (a˚ with no attribute), DN.iii.217 (id.); SN.iv.370 (id.); AN.iv.305 sq. (nīla˚,…

…Sk. nirdhāraṇa (estimation), but to be read as nittharaṇa (see nittharaṇa²).

…nidhi, def. of n.), 9 (acorâharaṇo nidhi cp. “treasures in heaven, where thieves do not steal” Matt. 6, 20) Sdhp.528, Sdhp.588. 2. “putting…

…Pv-a.7 (udaka-dāna-nīharaṇa-n˚), Pv-a.97 (n-gata dhana = hoarded, accumulated), Pv-a.132 (˚ṃ nidhessāmi gather a treasure);…

adjective without acquisitions, i.e. poor Ja.ii.367 (variant reading BB. as gloss nirāhāra).

Sk. *nirgahaṇa, cp. nirgṛha homeless; nis + gahaṇa

see nīharati.

…belonging to ketu “sign, characteristic, mark,” and niketa-sārin would have to be taken as “following the banner or flag of…,” i.e….

…suvaṇṇassa pañcadasa-dharaṇaṃ nikkhan ti vadanti) SN.ii.234 (suvaṇṇa & singi˚); Ja.i.84 (id.); AN.iv.120 (suvaṇṇa˚); Vv.20#8…

1. to lay down (carefully), to put down, to lay (an egg) Vin.ii.114; Iti.13, Iti.14 (Pot. nikkhipeyya); Pp.34; Ja.i.49 (aṇḍakaṃ)
2. to lay aside, to put away Vin.i.46 (patta-cīvaraṃ) AN.i.206 (daṇḍaṃ …

to deprive of the marks or characteristics (of virility), to castrate Thig.437 (= purisa-bhāvassa lacchana-bhūtāni bījakāni nillacchesi…

adjective without scratches, without edges (?) Vin.ii.123 (of jantāghara).

nis + lekha

plundering, plunder DN.i.52; AN.i.154; Mnd.144 (˚ṃ harati); Cnd.199#7; Tikp.167, Kp.280; DN-a.i.159.

cp. Sk. nirlopa, nis + lup

…outward appearance, mark, characteristic, attribute phenomenon (opp. essence) DN.iii.249; AN.i.256; AN.iii.319 AN.iii.375 sq.; AN.iv.33, AN.iv.418…

adjective noun

1. (adj.) bent down (cp ninnata), low-lying, deep, low, sunken Ja.ii.3 (magga) Pv-a.29 (bhūmibhāga), Pv-a.132 (ṭhāṇa); esp. freq. as-˚ bent on, inclining to, leading to, aiming at, …

…of ni +…

…(feelings of) enjoyment (characteristic of 3rd jhāna, q.v.) DN.i.75; AN.i.81. 2. being unloved, a foster child etc. (?) see…

…the foll. may be quoted as characteristic: SN.i.152 (10 nirayas); MN.iii.183; AN.i.141 Snp.p.126 = AN.v.173; Mnd.404 sq. = Cnd.304#iii.c; Ja.iv.4…

oppression, suppression; destruction, cessation annihilation (of senses, consciousness, feeling being in general: sankhārā). Bdhgh’s explⁿ of the word is: “ni-saddo abhāvaṃ, rodha-saddo c …

adjective not harassed (burnt) or afflicted (by pain or harm) Thig.512.

nis + upatāpa

adjective without food, not eating, fasting Ja.iv.225; Sdhp.389.

nis + āhāra

deposit (of merit or demerit), accumulation, effect (of kamma Snp.953 (= Mnd.442 abhisankhārā).

Sk. ni-saṃskṛti, ni + saṃ + kṛ.

…a mat to sit on Vin.i.295 Vin.ii.123 (˚ena vippavasati); SN.v.259 (˚ṃ gaṇhāti). -paccattharaṇa a mat for sitting on Vin.i.47, Vin.i.295;…

to cross over, get out of, leave behind, get over DN.i.73 (kantāraṃ). pp nittiṇṇa q.v. Caus. nitthāreti to bring through, help over Cnd.630 (nittāreti).

…

…nis + taraṇa, cp. nittharati

Nittharaṇa²

neuter “strewing or being strewn down,” putting down, carrying, bearing SN.iv.177…

passing over, rescue, payment, acquittance, in -ṃ vattati to be acquitted, to get off scot-free MN.i.442 (variant reading netth˚, which is the usual form). See netthāra.

Sk. nistāra; nis + tār …

…(as variant reading; text has nitiṇṇa); Cnd.278 (t.). Cp nittharati.

Sk. nistīrṇa, nis + tiṇṇa

see nittharati.

…(in a former life),“ characterising the faculty of remembering one’s former birth DN.i.13, DN.i.15, DN.i.16 DN.i.81; SN.i.167, SN.i.175,…

Niyyādeti & niyyāteti & nīyādeti

(to) give (back), give into charge, give over, assign, dedicate, to present, denote SN.i.131 (niyyātayāmi); SN.iv.181 (sāmikānaṃ gāvo), SN.iv.194; Ja.i.30 Ja.i.66, Ja …

Niyyādeti & niyyāteti & nīyādeti

(to) give (back), give into charge, give over, assign, dedicate, to present, denote SN.i.131 (niyyātayāmi); SN.iv.181 (sāmikānaṃ gāvo), SN.iv.194; Ja.i.30 Ja.i.66, Ja …

No¹

indeclinable affirm. & emphatic part. = nu (cp. na¹): indeed, then, now Snp.457, Snp.875, Snp.1077; Ja.v.343 (api no api nu), Ja.v.435 (= nipātamattaṃ p. 437 …

…combination hatthi-nāga characterising “a Nāga elephant”) & freq. as symbol of strength & endurance (“heroic”). Thus epithet of the…

name.

1. Literal. nom. nāmaṃ SN.i.39; Snp.808; Ja.ii.131; Mil.27; acc. nāmaṃ Pv-a.145 (likhi: he wrote her name)
   ■ nāmaṃ karoti to give a name Snp.344 Cnd.466 (n’ etaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ on “ …

(nt. m.) diversity, variety, manifoldness, multiformity, distraction; all sorts of (opp. ekatta, cp. MN.i.364: “the multiformity of sensuous impressions,” M.A.). Enumⁿ of diversity as nānat …

…(sūci˚, cp. sūcighara, needle-case) DN.i.7 (= bhesajja˚ DN-a.i.89); AN.i.210; Ja.i.123 (taṇḍula a nāḷi full of rice);…

to take out, to throw out, drive out Ja.i.150, Ja.i.157; Ja.iii.52; Ja.vi.336; Cnd.199#7 (ni˚); Vv-a.222 Vv-a.256; Pv-a.73, Pv-a.254; Mil.8, Mil.219. aor. nīhari DN.i.92; Ja.i. …

taking out, carrying away, removing DN-a.i.296; Pv-a.7.

fr. nīharati

…of impurity or removal of stain).

pp. of nīharati = Sk. nirhṛta

way, manner Vin.i.13; Ja.i.127; Dhp-a.iv.7. At Vin.i.13 also in nīhāra-bhatta (= nīhāraka).

cp. Sk. nirhāra

adjective noun one who carries away Vin.i.13 (nīhāra-bhatta); SN.v.12, SN.v.320, SN.v.325 (piṇḍapāta).

fr. nīhāra, cp. nīharaṇa

Niyyādeti & niyyāteti & nīyādeti

(to) give (back), give into charge, give over, assign, dedicate, to present, denote SN.i.131 (niyyātayāmi); SN.iv.181 (sāmikānaṃ gāvo), SN.iv.194; Ja.i.30 Ja.i.66, Ja …

to carry away or off, to take off
pp obhata.

ava + bharati, cp. Sk. avabharati = Lat. aufero

…a circlet of cloth on her head“?).

pp. of obharati

…Vism.41; Pv-a.276 (˚ṃ pharati to emit a radiance); Sdhp.325. With nimitta and parikathā at…

…Sk….

place for putting something down or into a receptacle Vin.i.204 (salāk˚, vy. ll. and gloss on p. 38 as follows: sālākāṭṭhāniya A, salākātaniya C, salākadhāraya B, salāk’odhāniyan ti yattha salākaṃ oda …

…Path SN.i.193 (˚assa nittharaṇatthaṃ); SN.iv.257; SN.v.59; It iii.(˚assa nittharanatthāya); faith SN.i.214 = Snp.184 = Mil.36; mindfulness…

…ogāheti Pv-a.155 (pokkharaṇiṃ) ger. ogāhetvā MN.iii.175 (T. ogah˚; variant reading ogāhitvā); Pv-a.287 (lokanāthassa sāsanaṃ,…

…ogāheti Pv-a.155 (pokkharaṇiṃ) ger. ogāhetvā MN.iii.175 (T. ogah˚; variant reading ogāhitvā); Pv-a.287 (lokanāthassa sāsanaṃ,…

…ūhacca); Pv.ii.6#6 (imper ohara = ohārehi Pv-a.95); Dhp-a.iv.56 (see ohārin). See also ava˚.

caus 1…

Avaharati & oharati

to steal Ja.i.384; Pv-a.47 (avahari vatthaṃ), Pv-a.86 (id., = apānudi)
pp avahaṭa (q.v.).

ava…

lit. “taking away”, leading astray, side-track, deviating path Ja.vi.525 (C.: gamana-magga) Cp. avaharaṇa.

fr. oharati

1. put down into, deposited Dhp.150.
2. put down, laid down, taken off, relieved of, in phrase ohitabhāro (arahaṃ) (a Saint) who has laid down the burden: see arahatta iii. C.; …

adjective noun one who is left behind (in the house as a guard) Vin.iii.208; Vin.iv.94; SN.i.185 (vihārapāla).

fr. ohīyati, avahiyyati

see avahāra & cp.; vohāra.

taking down, cutting off (hair) Ja.i.64 (kesa-massu˚).

fr. ohāreti, cp. avaharaṇa

…(see oharati 1) Vin.i.48; Pv-a.95. 3. to cut down, shave off (hair; see oharāpeti under oharati) Iti.75 (kesamassuṃ…

adjective noun dragging down, weighty, heavy Dhp.346 (= avaharati heṭṭhā haratī ti Dhp-a.iv.56).

fr. avaharati

strength, but only in meaning of strength-giving, nutritive essence (appl; ^d. to food). MN.i.245 SN.ii.87 SN.v.162 (dhamm’) AN.iii.396 Ja.i.68 Dhs.646 Dhs.740, Dhs.875 Mil.156 Dhp-a.ii.15 …

to take off, loosen, release; unfasten, undo, doff DN.i.126 (veṭhanaṃ as form of salute); Ja.ii.326 Ja.vi.73 (sāṭakaṃ); Vism.338; Pv-a.63 (tacaṃ); Vv-a.75 (ābhāraṇāni)
caus omuñcāpeti to cause t …

adjective characterising a sensation of pain: attacking suddenly, spasmodic, acute; always in connection with ābādha or…

adjective having the characteristic of being born without parents, as deva Ne.28 (upādāna).

= opapātika

…as “khata-pokkharaṇī viya hutvā” DN-a.i.298 = Ja.v.174
■ Vin.i.236; DN.i.137; MN.i.379; AN.iv.185; Vv.65#4; Pv.iv.1#60;…

kind of strainer, a filter Vin.ii.119.

fr. of tharati

to spread over, spread out, cover Mil.121 (opp. paṭikkamati, of water). See also avattharati.

o + tharati, Sk. root str

spreading over, veiling Mil.299 (mahik˚).

fr. ottharati

…Sdhp.246 (-˚). Otthata = Otthata

pp. of ottharati

adjective gross, coarse, material, ample (see on term Dhs trsl. 208 & Cpd. 159 n. 4) DN.i.37, DN.i.186 sq (attā), DN.i.195, DN.i.197, DN.i.199; MN.i.48, MN.i.139, MN.i.247; MN.ii.230; MN.iii.16 MN …

…the sphere of pa-may be characterised in foll. applications:

1. forth, forward, out: papatati fall forward, i.e. down; ˚neti bring forth (to);…

…matthaka DN-a.i.226). -sānu m
■ glen Vv.32#10 (cp. Vv-a.136) -sikhara mountain-crest…

adjective belonging to mountains, mountain-born (of a river) AN.iii.64 (nadī p˚ā sīghasotā hārahārinī); AN.iv.137 (id.); Vism.231 (id.), Vism.285 (nadī).

fr. pabbata

…(Nibbāna˚)-; apabbhara (sic.) not slanting or sloping Ja.v.405 (= samatittha C.). 2. (m. & nt.) a cave in a mountain Mil.151; Ja.v.440;…

…out or away, removing, banishment exiling DN.i.135; DN.iii.93; Mil.357; Dhp.i.296 (= nīharaṇa); Dhp-a.iv.145.

fr. pa + Caus. of vraj,…

…out of the kingdom; = nīharati DN-a.i.258); MN.ii.122; Dhp.388 (attano malaṃ pabbājayaṃ, tasmā pabbajito ti vuccati) Dhp-a.iv.145…

production, origin, source, cause MN.i.67; SN.i.181; SN.ii.12; Iti.37 (āhāra-netti˚); Snp.728, Snp.1050; Nd ii.under mūla (with syn. of sambhava & samuṭṭhāna etc.); Ja.iii.402 Ja.vi.518.

fr. pa + ; …

…opening Vv-a.183; akkhara˚ breaking up of letters, word-analysis, phonology DN.i.88 (= sikkhā ca nirutti ca DN-a.i.247 = Snp-a.447) …

…= Dhp.143 (= nindaṃ apaharanto bujjhati Dhp-a.iii.86; trsl. KS 13 “forestalleth blame”). Caus. pabodheti

1. to…

adjective noun adj. adjoining, bordering on, neighbouring, adjacent Dhp.315; Ja.i.11 (v.47, ˚desa), Ja.i.377 (˚vāsika); Pv-a.201 (˚nagara); Dhp-a.iii.488 (id.); Sdhp.11 (˚visaya). (m.) the border, o …

something spread against, i.e. under or over, a cover, spread, rug, cushion or carpet to sit on bedding of a couch (nisīdana˚) Vin.i.47, Vin.i.295, Vin.i.296 Vin.ii.208, Vin.ii.218; DN.i.7 (kadali-mi …

lit. resting on, falling back on, foundation cause, motive etc. See on term as t.t. of philosophy Tikapaṭṭhāna I, foreword; J.P.T.S. 1916, 21 f.; Cpd. 42 sq. & esp. 259 sq.

1. (lit.) support, req …

1. to break up, cut short, put an end to Vin.iv.272; Ja.i.119 (kathaṃ ˚itvā), Ja.i.148 (kathaṃ ˚ituṃ); Ja.iv.59; Pv-a.78 (dānavidhiṃ ˚i).
2. to bring up (food), to vomit Dhp-a.i.183 (āhāraṃ).

pa + chindati

…ii.151 “to wipe down”).

paṭi + uddharati

taking up, casting (the lot) again Vin.iv.121.

paṭi + uddhāra

recite in reply Thig.40.

paṭi + ud + ā + hṛ.

to bring back, take back Vin.ii.265; Vin.iii.140; Ja.iv.304.

paṭi + āharati

to cause to be cooked, to cook Vin.iv.264; Ja.i.126 (āhāraṃ); Ja.ii.15 (bhattaṃ), Ja.ii.122.

Caus. of pacati

…is contrasted with akkhara (word), when it is said that the Majjhima Nikāya consists of 80,523 padas and 740,053 akkharas

■ Neg….

…regional or limited characteristics Kv.283

• -vassin raining or shedding rain only locally or over a (limited) district…

…& guarding one’s character. These 4 are mentioned at DN.iii.225; AN.ii.16; Pts.i.84; Pts.ii.14 sq. Pts.ii.56, Pts.ii.86, Pts.ii.166,…

…at Thag.842 (see pattharati)
■ padhārehi (variant reading F.) at Snp.1149 read dhārehi
■ padhārita in…

…a l. leaf Mnd.135 (= pokkhara); Dhp-a.iv.166 (= pokkhara-patta).

• -puñja a l. cluster Ja.iii.55. *…

…meaning of “attainment, characteristic attribute”. AN.i.102 (bāla˚ & paṇḍita˚) Ja.i.97 (sotāpattimagg’ ādi˚) Pv-a.71 (anubala˚)…

…+ gharati, which stands for kṣarati, also appearing as jharati, cp. Sk. nirjhara, Prk. pajjharati Mālatī-M. p.51BSk. pragharati Divy.57,…

…Ja.i.146; Ja.vi.187 (a˚); f. -ī DN.i.74 (= bindubinduṃ udakaṃ paggharati DN-a.i.218); the ʻmark’ of liquid Dhs-a.332.

fr….

adjective flowing, trickling, oozing out Ja.vi.187 (app˚-velā), Ja.vi.531; Dhp-a.i.126 (lohitaṃ); Vism.262.

fr. paggharati

flowing, trickling SN.ii.179; Thig.466; Pv-a.198 (khīra).

pp. of paggharati

covered terrace before a house Vin.ii.153 (“paghanaṃ nāma yaṃ nikkhamantā ca pavisantā ca pādehi hananti. tassa vihāra-dvāre ubhato kuṭṭaṃ niharitvā katapadesass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ” Bdhgh, quoted *Vin …

…Pv-a.4; freq. in phrase accharaṃ p. to snap one’s finger, e.g. Ja.ii.447; see accharā¹.
aor…

striking, beating Snp-a.224; Pv-a.285.

fr. paharati

adjective striking, hitting Ja.i.418.

fr. paharaṇa

…etc.) Ja.i.278 Ja.ii.102 (pharasuṃ); Dhp-a.i.253 (khuraṃ pahaṃsi sharpened the razor; corresponds to ghaṭṭeti in preceding context) …

…is to be corrected to paṭaha.

pp. of paharati

…pa + hṛ; Class. Sk. prahāra, see paharati

see abhi˚.

adjective striking, assaulting Ja.ii.211.

fr. paharati

…sg. aor. of paharati; found at Vv.29#8 (musalena = pahari Vv-a.113); and also 3rd sg. aor of…

…-jivhatā the characteristic of a large tongue Snp.p.107.

• -dhañña having many riches Ja.iv.309. *…

adjective scattered about; fig. miscellaneous, particular, opp. to sādhāraṇa Kp-a.74; cp. Cpd. 13, 95²; Vism.175 (˚kathā), Vism.317 sq. (id.)
■ As Np. name of the xiv^th book …

bordering, trimming Ja.vi.223 (of a carriage).

cp. Sk. prakṣara & prakhara “ein Panzer für Pferde” BR.

…naḷo is perhaps better read ātāpe paditto), Pv-a.153 (pokkharaṇiyaṃ p.).

pp. of pakkhipati

…B, 205, cp. Ja.ii.95 (ghara˚); Kp-a.39 (enumerated as set of dasa palibodhā which are also given and explained in detail at Vism.90 sq.);…

…(kathan kathāhi = mocehi uddhara etc. Cnd.407#a), 1146 (pamuñcassu = okappehi etc. Cnd.407#b)

pass pamuccati to be…

… ■ adj. (-˚) of characteristic of the character of, measuring or measured by, taking the standard of, only in cpd. rūpa˚ measuring by…

fallen, gone, gone down; also: creeping only in foll. compounds:

• -ga a snake Thag.429 (˚inda chief of snake-demons) Ja.v.166; Mil.23.
• -gandha with gone down (i.e. deterio …

…sign or characteristic of obsession Snp.874 (cp. Snp-a.553; = taṇhā˚ diṭṭhi˚ and māna˚ Mnd.280), Snp.916 (=…

…to which it stands in a similar relation as *ghur (P.) to *ghar (Sk.) or phurati → pharati. From same root Gr. φυσάω to blow and…

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

at SN.v.441 is to be corrected to pharasu˚.

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

…pariharati for paricarati, e.g. at Dhp-a.ii.232; cp. paricāreti for ˚hāreti Pv-a.175; paricaraṇā for ˚haraṇā…

…another form of paricāriyā) Pv.iv.1#2 (= indriyānaṃ pariharaṇā Pv-a.219; gloss -cāraṇā).

…wife); Ja.vi.259; Mil.244 (āhara˚ abstinence in food), Mil.313 (id.). 3. belongings, property, possessions DN.ii.58; DN.iii.289 = AN.iv.400;…

…(sukha˚, variant reading for ˚parihaṭa). 2. an armlet, bracelet Vv-a.167 (variant reading ˚haraṇa; explained as hatthālaṅkāra.) See…

…pariharati in same meaning e.g. Avs.i.193, Avs.i.205. 2. to carry about DN.ii.19 (ankena); MN.i.83; Snp.440 (muñjaṃ…

1. protection, care Vism.500 (gabbha˚); Kp-a.235; DN-a.i.207 (kāya˚); Dhp-a.ii.179 (kāyassa).
2. keeping up, preservation, keeping in existence; in phrase khandha˚; Dhp-a.iii.261, Dhp-a.iii.405 …

…hiding, deceiving Vb.358 = Pp.23.

= pariharaṇa

necessity of guarding Vism.98.

abstr. fr. grd. of pariharati

…in good fortune Vin.iii.13 (corr. sukhedhita accordingly!); Ja.ii.190 (pariharaka variant reading BB); Ja.vi.219 (= sukhe ṭhita).

pp. of…

…primitive hop-scotch“).

fr. pari + hṛ; cp. pariharati

adjective noun surrounding, encircling; a guard AN.ii.180.

fr. pari + hṛ.

…explained as kāya-pariharaṇa-mattakena & kucchi˚ at DN-a.i.207 correct reading accordingly); MN.i.180; MN.iii.34; Pp.58 Vism.65…

adjective taking care of, (worth) keeping SN.iv.316 (udaka-maṇika).

fr. parihāra

…explⁿ Snp-a.253; see also Brethren 226) Snp.205 = Thag.453.

Pass. of pariharati, Sk. parihriyate in development ˚hriyate →…

“doing round,” i.e. girdle, loincloth Ja.iv.149; Dhp-a.i.352
■ In cpd. ovāda˚ it is variant reading SS at DN.i.137 for paṭikara (q.v.).

fr. pari + kṛ; a similar formation …

to surround, serve, wait upon, do service for Ja.iv.405 (= parivāreti C.); Ja.v.353 (id.), Ja.v.381 Ja.vi.592. Cp. parikara & parikkhāra.

pari + kṛ.

…as “idañ c’ idañ ca āharathā ti vatvā tattha balikamma-karaṇaṃ”). The BSk. form appears to be parīkṣā, as seen in phrase…

…about or worried, to be harassed, to get into trouble SN.i.39 (trsl. “plagues itself”); AN.ii.177 AN.iv.186; Snp.820 (variant reading Nd…

*Parikkharoti

lit. to do all round, i.e. to make up, equip, adorn (cp. parikaroti); pp. parikkhata² (q.v.); see also parikkhāra.

pariṣ + kṛ.

…(aṭṭhaparikkhāra-dhara); Ja.v.254 (kāyabandhana-parissāvanasūci-vāsi-satthakāni; the last-named article being “scissors”…

(-˚) adjective one who has the parikkhāras (of the mendicant). Usually the 8 p. are understood, but occasionally 12 are given as in the detailed enumⁿ of p. at DN-a.i.204–DN-a.i.207.

fr …

exhausted, wasted, decayed, extinct Vin.iv.258; MN.iii.80; SN.i.92; SN.ii.24 SN.v.145, SN.v.461; DN.iii.97, DN.iii.133 (˚bhava-saṃyojana); Iti.79 (id.); AN.iv.418, AN.iv.434 (āsavā); Snp.175, Snp.639 …

brought to an end or standstill, destroyed Ja.i.145 (˚sankhāra).

pp. of pari + maddheti, Caus. of mṛdh to neglect

…is quoted Bdhgh’s explⁿ “ure loma-saṃharaṇaṃ.”

pari + mukha

measure, extent, limit, as adj. (-˚) measuring, extending over, comprising Ja.i.45; Snp-a.1 (pariyatti˚); Pv-a.113 (yojana˚), Pv-a.102 (anekabhāra˚)
■ neg. aparimāṇa witho …

one who attains Parinibbāna. Of the 2 meanings registered under parinibbāna we find No. 1 only in a very restricted use when taken in both senses of sa-and an-upādisesa parinibbāna; e.g. at AN.ii.15 …

to pervade DN.i.74 (= samantato phusati DN-a.i.217); MN.iii.92 sq. See also paripūreti pp. paripphuta & ˚pphuṭṭha; (q.v.).

pari + sphur

filled, pervaded DN.i.75; MN.iii.94 (spelt here paripphuta). Cp. BSk. parisphuṭa Mvu.ii.349; Mvu.iii.274; Lal.33, Lal.385.

pp. of parippharati

…(parisandeti p. parippharati; DN-a.i.217 explains as “vāyunā bhastaṃ viya pūreti”); DN.ii.221; MN.iii.92; SN.i.27 (devakāyaṃ) =…

…of SN.iv.112; exegetically in formula sahati p. abhibhavati ajjhottharati etc. Mnd.12, Mnd.361 = Cnd.420.

pari + sahati

overflowing Ja.vi.328 (= atipuṇṇattā pagharamāna).

pp. of pari + sru

to strike, hit, throw down Ja.iii.347 (= paharati C.); Ja.vi.370, Ja.vi.376 (id. C.).

pari + sumbhati

surrounding people, group collection, company, assembly, association, multitude Var. typical sets of assemblies are found in the Canon viz, eight assemblies (khattiya˚, brāhmaṇa˚, gahapati˚ samaṇa˚, …

1. all that belongs to a castle, a mansion and its constituents Vv.84#53 (explained at Vv-a.351 as follows: veṇiyato pekkhitabbato pariveṇaṃ pāsāda-kūtâgāra-ratti-ṭṭhān’ ādisampannaṃ pākāraparikkh …

1. surrounding, suite, retinue, followers, entourage, pomp Ja.i.151; Ja.iv.38; Ja.vi.75; Pv-a.21, Pv-a.30 (˚cāga-cetana, read pariccāga-cetana?); usually as adj.-˚ surrounded by, in company of …

…“round” Ja.i.172 (pokkharaṇiṃ)
■ In meaning “to serve, attend upon,” also “to attend upon oneself, to amuse oneself,”…

…with ref. to one’s character, viz. sīlasaṃvara˚ indriyasaṃvara˚ bhojane mattaññutā˚, jāgariyânuyoga˚). 3. (adj. ˚) bounded…

…cp. ˚sāsana.

• -dhara knowing the Scriptures by heart Mil.21.
• -dhura (= ganthadhura): see…

sought, desired, looked for SN.iv.62 (a˚); Mil.134; Vism.344 (˚āhāra).

pp. of pariyesati

to spread all over (intrs.) Mil.197.

pari + ottharati

to utter solemnly, to proclaim aloud Dhs-a.1 (aor. ˚āhāsi).

pari + udāharati

well understood, thoroughly known Thig.106; MN.i.1 sq.; SN.ii.99; SN.v.182; Pv-a.1, Pv-a.287 With ref. to food (˚bhojana & ˚āhāra) it means food understood according to the three pariññās (q.v.) Dhp …

bringing forth, birth, in -ghara lying-in chamber Mnd.120; Vism.235; Kp-a.58 (where Vism.259 reads sūtighara).

fr. pa + su

…see Cnd.625); Snp.625 (pokkhara˚ lotus l.); Dhp.401 (id.); Mnd.135 (paduma˚); Pv.ii.9#5 (= paṇṇa Pv-a.15); Vv-a.147 (tāla˚); Thag-a.71;…

1. stone, rock SN.i.32.
2. stoneware Mil.2.

cp. late Sk. prastara. The ord. meaning of Sk. pr. is “stramentum”

…to be read at Thag.842 for padhārita.

pa + tharati

merchant Vin.ii.135 (kaṃsa˚).

fr. patthara

stretched, spread out Ja.i.336; Vism.364; DN-a.i.311.

pp. of pattharati

…29 s. v. It is probably a distorted *sphāṭayati: see under pharati phalaka and phāteti

to give, bestow SN.i.18; Snp.463 sq., Snp.490 sq. Thig.272; Ja.i.28; Ja.iii.12 (variant reading pavacchati), Ja.iii.172; Ja.iv.363, Ja.vi.502, Ja.vi.587 (vuṭṭhi-dhāraṃ pavecchanto devo pāvassi tāvade …

…Dhp-a.i.174.

• -pālaka guardian of tradition Vism.99 (tanti-dhara vaṃsanurakkhaka +); Dhp-a.iii.386.

pa +…

to go in, to enter (acc.) Snp.668, Snp.673; Dhp-a.ii.72 (opp. nikkhamati); Pv-a.4, Pv-a.12, Pv-a.47 (nagaraṃ). Pot. -vise Snp.387 imper. pavisa MN.i.383; SN.i.213 fut. pavisissati Vin.i.87; …

…unexplained by Bdhgh it is synonymous with uddharati = ubbahati

…DN.ii.222 (vaṇṇe); Ja.i.454 (vyañjanaṃ).

pari + ud + āharati with metathesis payir˚ for pariy˚

…upa + ās, with metathesis as in payirudāharati

…payutta 2), Pv-a.285 (sakkhara-kkhipana˚). payogaṃ karoti to exert oneself, to undertake, to try Pv-a.184 (= parakkamati).

*…

…quinqu-ennis etc.).

1. Characteristics of No. 5 in its use, with ref, to lit. & fig. application “Five” is the number of “comprehensive…

making known, manifestation, description, designation, name, idea notion, concept. On term see Cpd. 3 sq., 198, 199 Kvu translation 1; Dhs translation 340
■ MN.iii.68; SN.iii.71; SN.iv.38 (mār …

to sell, barter, bargain, risk, bet Ja.v.24 (= voharati attānaṃ vikkiṇati C.)
■ See also paṇitaka & paṇiya.

cp. Sk. paṇati

adjective having heels DN.ii.17 (āyata˚ having projecting heels, the 3^rd of the 32 characteristics of a Mahāpurisa).

fr. paṇhi

adjective

1. (lit.) brought out or to, applied executed; used with ref. to punishment (see paṇeti daṇḍaṃ) Pv.iv.1#66 (˚daṇḍa receiving punishment ṭhapita-sarīra-daṇḍa Pv-a.242) …

…(ucchangato p ˚ṃ nīharati); Dhp-a.i.180; Pv-a.20 (likhā˚ written message). paṇṇaṃ āropeti to send a letter Ja.i.227; pahiṇati…

…Thag.1092 (bhinna-paṭan-dhara “wearing the patchwork cloak” trsl.); Ja.iv.494; Kp-a.45, Kp-a.58 (˚tantu); DN-a.i.198; Dhp-a.ii.45…

…uṇṇāmayo attharako. So āmilākapaṭṭo ti pi vuccati DN-a.i.87); AN.i.137, AN.i.181; AN.iii.50, AN.iv.94 AN.iv.231,…

…even modern linguists!) to be derived fr. pattharati

…out), ˚virata, ˚saṃharati, ˚sallīna, ˚sutta, ˚sumbhita

II. (applied, in reflexive sense):

1. to, on to, up to, towards,…

…at DN-a.i.264 by ajjhottharati paṭicchādeti “to cover over,” i.e. to conceal (a question). See on expression Dialogues i.116.

paṭi…

…(action or character Cpd.; renewed existence Mrs. Rh. D.), jāti birth (rebirth conception Cpd.),…

to strike in return Vin.ii.265; DN.i.142; SN.iv.299
caus paṭihāreti to repel, avoid Ja.vi.266, Ja.vi.295
■ Cp. pāṭihāriya etc.

paṭi + hṛ.

…(uṇṇāmayo set’ attharako DN-a.i.86); DN.i.7; AN.i.137, AN.i.181; AN.iii.50; AN.iv.94, AN.iv.231, AN.iv.394; Dāvs v.36 See also…

1. a sort of remedy, purgative DN.i.12 osadhīnaṃ p. explained at DN-a.i.98 as “khārâdīni datvā tad-anurūpo khaṇe gate tesaṃ apanayanaṃ.” Cp Dial. 26.
2. binding, obligatory Ja.v.25 (sangaraṃ p a b …

to strike in return Dhp-a.i.51.

paṭi + paharati

…Mil.372; Dhp-a.iv.4 (vacanaṃ).

paṭi + pharati

…order Vism.343 = Ja.v.253 (ghara˚ from house to house) Thag-a.80 (magga˚); Dhp-a.i.156; Dhp-a.ii.89; Dhp-a.iii.361; Snp-a.23 Snp-a.506;…

secluded, retired, gone into solitude abstracted, plunged in meditation, separated Vin.i.101 (rahogata +); DN.i.134, DN.i.151; SN.i.71, SN.i.146 sq. (divāvihāragata +), SN.i.225; SN.ii.74 (rahogata …

…(q.v.).

paṭi + saṃ + tharati of stṛ.

kindly received (covered, concealed? C.) Ja.vi.23 (= paṭicchāditaṃ guttaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ vā C.).

pp. of paṭisantharati

lit. spreading before, i.e. friendly welcome, kind reception, honour, goodwill favour, friendship DN.iii.213, DN.iii.244; AN.i.93; AN.iii.303 sq. AN.iv.28, AN.iv.120; AN.v.166, AN.v.168 (˚aka adj. one …

…+ saṃ + hṛ; cp. BSk. pratisaṃharati Mvu.i.82

removing Ne.27, Ne.41.

fr. paṭisaṃharati

to restore, repair, mend Vin.ii.160; AN.ii.249; Ja.iii.159 (nagaraṃ). Caus. II paṭisaṅkhārāpeti to cause to repair or build up again MN.iii.7; Ja.vi.390 (gehāni).

paṭi + saṃ + kṛ.

to desist from, aor. paccavyāhāsi DN.ii.232.

paṭi + vyāharati

white woollen counterpane Ja.iv.352 (= uṇṇāmaya-paccattharaṇāni setakambalāni pi vadanti yeva C.).

= paṭikā

adjective (-˚) seeing, looking at; wishing to see Thag-a.73 (Tha-ap.59), f. -ikā SN.i.185 (vihāra˚).

fr. pekkha¹

…SN.ii.256; SN.iv.193 (in characteristic of lohitaka); Vism.356; Pv-a.199. 2. the foetus in the third stage after conception (between *abbuda &…

…SN.ii.256; SN.iv.193 (in characteristic of lohitaka); Vism.356; Pv-a.199. 2. the foetus in the third stage after conception (between *abbuda &…

Phala¹

neuter to burst, thus lit. “bursting,” i.e. ripe fruit; see phalati]

1. (lit. fruit (of trees etc.) Vv.84#14 (dumā nicca-phal’ ûpapannā not to phalu, as Kern, …

…of planks Ja.ii.91. -atthara -sayana a bed covered with a board (instead of a mattress Ja.i.304, Ja.i.317; Ja.ii.68. -seyya id. DN.i.167…

…Vedic paraśu = Gr. πέλεκυς; on p → ph cp. Prk. pharasu & parasu, Pischel Gr. § 208; Geiger, Gr. § 40

…spharitvopasampadya viharati Mvu.iii.213. Also in phrase pītiyā sarīraṃ pharati (aor. phari) to thrill the body…

…(˚pīti all-pervading rapture, permeating zest; cp pīti pharaṇatā)
■ Cp. anu˚.

fr. pharati

adjective thrilling, suffusing, pervading, filling with rapture Vv-a.16 (dvādasa yojanāni ˚pabho sarīra-vaṇṇo).

fr. pharaṇa

…Pts.i.48 Vb.334; Ne.89.

abstr. fr. pharaṇa

…Cp. phuṭṭha & phālita.

pp. of pharati

…Pv.iv.7#6 (kamma = daruṇa Pv-a.265).

cp. Vedic paruṣa, on ph. → p see pharasu, on attempt at etym. cp. Walde, *Lat….

Phassa¹

contact, touch (as sense or sense-impression, for which usually phoṭṭhabbaṃ). It is the fundamental fact in a sense impression and consists of a combination of the sense, the ob …

…(fig.) pharati*, as appears e.g. from the foll. explains of Cys.: DN.i.74 parippharati = samantato phusati DN-a.i.217;…

…nerves of taste). 2. (cp. pharati²) expanded, spread out, spread with (instr.) Vin.i.182 (lohitena); Ja.v.266 (in niraya passage T….

adjective [either fr. Caus. of phal¹ (phāleti), or fr. sphar (cp. phārita, i.e. expanded), or fr. sphāy (swell increase, cp. sphāra & sphārī bhavati to open, expand) expanding, openin …

adjective pleasant, comfortable; only neg. a˚; in phrase aphāsu-karoti to cause discomfort to (dat.) Vin.iv.290; and in compounds -kāma anxious for comfort, desirous of (others) welfare DN.iii …

stick (or rag?) for scraping (or wiping?) Vin.ii.141 (avalekhana˚), Vin.ii.221 (id.). Meaning doubtful.

fr. api + dhṛ.

see piṭharaka.

Piya¹

adjective dear, in two applications (as stated Mnd.133 = Cnd.444, viz dve piyā: sattā vā piyā sankhārā vā piyā, with ref. to living beings, to sensations):

1. dear, beloved (as fath …

…form, heap, in akkhara˚; sequence of letters or syllables, context Dhp-a.iv.70.

• -attha condensed meaning, résumé Ja.i.233…

one who seeks alms SN.iii.93 = Iti.89; cp. Np. ˚bhāradvāja Snp-a.346, Snp-a.514, Snp-a.570.

etym. unclear

…Snp-a.328.

• -dhara one who knows (either one or two or all three) the Piṭaka by heart, as eka˚, dvi˚, ti˚; at…

…(spelt pīthara). As; piṭharaka [cp. BSk piṭharikā Divy.496; so read for T. piparikā] at Kp-a.54 to be read for T. pivaraka according to…

…+) Snp-a.359. Cp. Np. Pokkharasāti Snp.594; Snp.p.115; Snp-a.372.

cp. Vedic puṣkara, fr. pus, though a certain relation to puṣpa seems…

…only in cpd. vaṇṇa-pokkharatā beauty of complexion DN.i.114; Vin.i.268; SN.i.95 SN.ii.279; AN.i.38, AN.i.86; AN.ii.203; AN.iii.90;…

…loc. Vin.ii.123. pokkharaṇiyāyaṃ loc. AN.iii.309
■ pl. pokkharaṇiyo Vin.i.268; Vv-a.191; Pv-a.77; metric pokkharañño…

the character or office of a family priest DN.ii.243. As porohicca at Snp.618 (= purohita-kamma Snp-a.466). Cp. Trenckner,…

Poṭhana & Pothana

(nt.)

1. striking, beating Ja.ii.169 (tajjana˚); Ja.v.72 (udaka˚); Ja.vi.41 (kappāsa˚dhanuka). At all Ja passages th.
2. (th) snapping one’s fingers Ja.i.394 (anguli˚, + celukkh …

Poṇa¹

neuter only in cpd. danta˚; a tooth pick Vin.iv.90; Ja.iv.69; Mil.15; Snp-a.272. As dantapoṇaka at Dāvs i.57
■ kūṭa-poṇa at Vism.268 read -goṇa.

= poṇa²?

Poṇa …

Poṭhana & Pothana

(nt.)

1. striking, beating Ja.ii.169 (tajjana˚); Ja.v.72 (udaka˚); Ja.vi.41 (kappāsa˚dhanuka). At all Ja passages th.
2. (th) snapping one’s fingers Ja.i.394 (anguli˚, + celukkh …

…AN.i.173 = MN.ii.217. Characterised as an individual in var. ways, e.g. as agga˚ Sdhp.92, Sdhp.558 abhabba˚ Ja.i.106; ariya˚ Vin.v.117;…

…Ja.i.397; Vv-a.198.

• -dhara bearing flowers Pv.ii.12#4 (so read for T. ˚dada).
• -pañjara a cage…

*Pura

base of adv. & prep. denoting “before”; abl. purato (adv. & prep. in front of (with gen.), before (only local) Vin.i.179 Vin.ii.32; DN.ii.14 (mātu); SN.i.137; Pv.i.11#1, Pv …

to put in front, to revere, follow, honour; only in foll sporadic forms: ppr. purakkharāna holding before oneself, i.e. looking at SN.iii.9 sq.; aor. 3^rd pl. purakkharuṃ Mil.22; ger. *[ …

to honour etc. Snp.794 = Snp.803; ppr. purekkharāna Snp.844 Snp.910.

for purakkharoti, pure = Sk. puraḥ

deference, devotion, honour; usually -˚ (adj.) devoted to honouring DN.i.115; Vin.iii.130; Vin.iv.2, Vin.iv.277; Mnd.73, Mnd.214; Dhp.73 (= parivāra Dhp-a.ii.77); Vv.34#14 (attha˚ hitesin Vv-a.152) …

deference to (-˚) Dhp-a.iv.181 (attha˚).

abstr. fr. purekkhāra

…a man, a human character DN.iii.5 DN.iii.227 (eight); SN.i.220 (8); SN.ii.69, SN.ii.82, SN.ii.206; SN.iv.272 sq. Iti.88 (8) (explained…

common-place character SN.i.187 = Thag.1217.

abstr. fr. puthujjana

…Vin.ii.210; AN.iv.376 (rajoharaṇaṃ suciṃ p., asuciṃ p. etc.); Ja.i.392 (akkhīni); Vism.63 (gabbha-malaṃ), Vism.415 = Kp-a.120;…

(usually -˚) a heap, pile, mass, multitude Vin.ii.211; Ja.i.146 (sabba-rogānaṃ). As in foll. compounds: aṭṭhi˚ Iti.17 (+ aṭṭhikandala); kaṭṭha˚ AN.iii.408; AN.iv.72; Ja.ii.327 …

…sq 2. Var. phrases & characterisations: Merit is represented as great (uḷāra DN-a.i.110; Pv-a.5; anappaka Pv.i.5#12) or little…

…Pv.ii.12#2 Pv.iii.3#3 (pokkharaṇī bahu ˚ā); Pp.63; DN-a.i.219, DN-a.i.284 (sankho elo uppalo puṇḍarīko ti cattāro nidhayo). N of a…

…(˚paṭimaṇḍita ghara).

• -canda the full moon Ja.i.149, Ja.i.267; Ja.v.215
• -patta a full bowl…

adjective requiring expiation, expiatory Vin.i.172, Vin.i.176; Vin.ii.242, Vin.ii.306 sq.; Vin.iv.1 sq., Vin.iv.258 sq.; AN.ii.242 (dhamma); Vism.22
■ It is also the name of one of the books of the …

(-˚) a guard, keeper, guardian, protector SN.i.185 (vihāra˚); Ja.v.222 (dhamma˚); Vv-a.288 (ārāma˚); Sdhp.285. See also go˚, loka˚.

fr. pā, see pāleti

…of carati as viharati, iriyati, vattati, pāleti yapeti, yāpeti at Cnd.237; Vb.252; Dhs-a.167. Cp pālana. So also in phrase…

…one of evil character or habits Pv.i.11#7.

• -parikkhaya decay or destruction of demerit (opp. puñña˚)…

adjective bad, wicked, wretched, sinful Vin.i.8; SN.i.149, SN.i.207; SN.v.418 (p. akusala citta); Snp.127 Snp.215, Snp.664; Dhp.66, Dhp.78, Dhp.211, Dhp.242; Ja.i.128; Pv.ii.7#16 (= lāmaka C.); Pv.ii. …

adjective connected with preservation or attention, fostering, keeping Vism.3 (˚paññā), Vism.98 (˚kammaṭṭhāna); Snp-a.54 (id.).

fr. parihāra

…a rock Vism.116.

• -pokkharaṇī a natural tank Vism.119.
• -phalaka a slab of stone…

…Dhp-a.i.5.

• -hara taking away life, destructive MN.i.10 = MN.iii.97; SN.iv.206; AN.ii.116, AN.ii.143, AN.ii.153;…

…Dhp.124; Ja.i.126 (˚ṃ paharati) Pp-a 249 (id.); Pv-a.56; Sdhp.147, Sdhp.238. As adj. (-˚) “handed,” with a hand, e.g. alla˚; with…

striking, that which strikes (with ref. to marking the time) Ja.i.121, Ja.i.122 (variant reading SS pāṭihāriya)

= pāṭihāra, with pāṭi after analogy of pāṭihāriya

special, extraordinary; only in cpd. -pakkha an extra holiday AN.i.144; Vv.15#6 (cp. Vv-a.71, Vv-a.109) Thag-a.38.

= pāṭihāriya or der. fr. pātihāra in meaning of ˚hāriya

…as the 3 marvels which characterise a Buddha with regard to his teaching (i.e. superhuman power, mind reading, giving instruction) DN.i.212…

…& 2), where everything is characterised as pīta, viz. vattha, dhaja, alankāra, candana, uppala pāsāda, āsana, bhojana, chatta, ratha, assa,…

…Kp-a.82. -pharaṇatā state of being pervaded with joy, joyous rapture, ecstasy DN.iii.277; Pts.i.48;…

crushed, oppressed, molested, harassed Vin.iv.261; Vism.415 (dubbhikkha˚); Dhp-a.iv.70 Thag-a.271. Cp. abhi˚, pa˚.

pp. of pīḷeti

…r. in similes see J.P.T.S. 1907, 127.

Vedic hrada, with diaeresis & metathesis *harada → rahada; the other metathetic form of the same hrada…

…defilement (or blemish of character) MN.i.169; SN.i.137 (here further combined with ˚jātika; cp. BSk. alpa-rajaskajātīya Mvu.iii.322);…

…Dhp-a.iii.77). -haraṇa dirt-taking, cleaning; wet rag, floor-cloth, duster Vin.ii.291; AN.iv.376; Ja.i.117;…

…(˚pariggahita-pokkharaṇī); Dhp-a.iii.74 (udaka˚); Sdhp.189, Sdhp.313, Sdhp.366
■ f. rakkhasī Ja.iii.147 (r. pajā); Mhvs.12,…

…heart, and sīlaṃ good character or morals) Iti.67 (sīlaṃ); Dhp-a.i.295 (cittaṃ rakkha equivalent with cittaṃ…

…one who guards his character SN.i.154; Ja.i.412; Snp-a.324.

• -indriya guarding one’s senses Snp.697 *…

…in one’s power; (trs.) to harass oppress, vex, hurt (mostly Caus. randheti = Sk. randhayati). Only in Imper. randhehi…

…-haraṇī (f.) [ph. ˚haraṇiyo, in compound haraṇi˚] taste-conductor, taste-receiver; the salivary canals of…

(-˚) adjective characteristic of a gem, or a king’s treasure; in phrase aniggata-ratanake “When the treasure has not gone out” Vin.iv.160,…

…-atthara (rathatthara) a rug for a chariot DN.i.7; Vin.i.192; Vin.ii.163.

• -anīka array of…

…midnight Vv.81#16 (= aḍḍharattiyaṃ Vv-a.315); divā ca ratto ca day & night Vv.31#5 (= rattiyaṃ Vv-a.130); cira- rattāya a long…

1. fight, battle; only in Thig.360 (raṇaṃ karitvā kāmānaṃ): see discussed below; also late at Mhvs.35, Mhvs.69 (Subharājaṃ raṇe hantvā).
2. intoxication, desire, sin, fault. This meaning is the Buddhi …

…at Dhtp is given in two forms, viz. ric as “virecane” (No. 396; cp Dhtm.517 “kharaṇe,” i.e. flowing; 610 “recane”) and riñc as…

…Toevoegselen

s. v. proposes rohiñño = *rohiṇyah, (cp. pokkharaṇī for ˚iṇī) red cows.

fr. roha = rohita

…and añña-khantika characterizing the various sides of personality (see ruci 3) with ref. to one’s intellect feeling &…

…in compounds: jagati˚, dharaṇi˚, mahī˚, etc.

fr. ruh: see rūhati

Ruha²

blood, in cpd. ruhaṅghasa…

tree. In the rukkha-mūlik’ anga (see below) Bdhgh at Vism.74 gives a list of trees which are not to be selected for the practice of “living at the root of a tree.” These are sīmantarika-rukkha, ceti …

…fundamental blemishes of character: passion or lust (uncontrolled excitement) ill-will (anger) and infatuation (bewilderment): see…

…(cp. Mnd.100) SN.i.136; Vism.193, Vism.194 (with var. characterisations).

fr. rāga

adjective (-˚) characteristic of the king, king-; in cpds arājaka without a king Ja.vi.39 (raṭṭhe); sarājaka…

…wealth is proverbial and is characterized in a stock phrase, which is also used of other ranks, like seṭṭhi’s & brāhmaṇa’s, viz….

…wealth is proverbial and is characterized in a stock phrase, which is also used of other ranks, like seṭṭhi’s & brāhmaṇa’s, viz….

…delightfulness, lovely scenery MN.i.365 (four seen in a dream: ārāma˚, vana˚, bhūmi pokkharaṇī˚).

orig. grd. of rāmeti, ram, cp. Sk….

…because of the latter character. It is similar to; kāya (cp. explⁿ of ātura rūpa Vv.83#14…

…Vin.i.8; Dhp.353. -saṃharaka a kind of perfume “eau de mille fleurs” Ja.vi.336. -sādhāraṇa common to all…

…(variant reading); sabbassaharaṇadaṇḍa (m.) the same Ja.iv.204 (so read instead of sabbappaharaṇa). At some passages sabba (nt.)…

…(santa˚), Pv-a.219. 2. character, disposition, behaviour Pv-a.13, Pv-a.35 (ullumpana˚), Pv-a.220 (lokiya˚). 3. truth reality, sincerity…

…of devas DN.ii.260

• -macchara with envy Snp.862.
• -yoga = karaṇa-vacana Snp-a.44. *…

thousand, used as a singular with a noun in the plural, sahassaṃ vācā Dhp.100; satasahassaṃ vassāni Ja.i.29; also in the plural after other numerals cattāri satasahassāni chaḷabhiññā Bv.ii.204 = J …

…wet; nt. water.

• -da giving water, bringing rain (of wind) Vism.10
• -dhara holding water, i, e. a cloud Vv-a.223

sa³ + jala

…Iti.76 Mnd.252; Pv.i.5#1 (ghara); Pv.ii.6#1 (bhātā)
■ Opp. assaka²-appassaka having little or nothing as one’s own (=…

Sakaṭa¹

masculine & neuter a cart, waggon; a cartload DN.ii.110; Vin.iii.114; Ja.i.191; Mil.238; Pv-a.102; Vb-a.435 (simile of two carts); Snp-a.58 (udaka-bharita˚), Snp-a.137 (bīja˚) …

companion, friend;
■ nom. sakhā Ja.ii.29; Ja.ii.348;
■ acc. sakhāraṃ Ja.ii.348; Ja.v.509; sakhaṃ Ja.ii.299;
■ instr. sakhinā Ja.iv.41;
■ abl. sakhārasmā Ja.iii.534;
■ gen. *sakhino …

in loṇa˚; a piece of salt crystal Vin.i.206; Vin.ii.237.

fr. sakkharā

adjective containing gravel, pebbly, stony AN.iv.237.

= sakkharika, fr. sakkharā

1. gravel, grit Vin.iii.147 = Ja.ii.284; Ja.i.192; AN.i.253; DN.i.84; Pv.iii.2#28; Dhp-a.iv.87.
2. potsherd Vv-a.157; Pv-a.282 Pv-a.285.
3. grain, granule, crystal, in loṇa˚; a salt crystal SN.i …

…together with the characteristics Snp.1018.

sa³ + lakkhaṇa

Salakkhaṇa²

neuter own characteristic, that which…

water Snp.62, Snp.319, Snp.672; Ja.i.8; Ja.v.169; Vv-a.41; Pv-a.157; Cnd.665 (“vuccati udakaṃ”); Mil.132 (written saliḷa); Sdhp.168. It is also adj. salilaṃ āpo flowing water Ja.vi.534; cp. Mil.114: …

…dart MN.i.429 (˚ṃ āharati to remove the a); MN.ii.216; SN.iv.206; Ja.i.180 Ja.v.49; Snp.331, Snp.767; Mil.112; Vism.503 (visa˚ sting of…

Sama¹

calmness, tranquillity, mental quiet Snp.896. samaṃ carati to become calm quiescent Ja.iv.172. Cp. -cariyā & ˚cārin.

fr. śam: see sammati¹

Sa …

…Dhs-a.255
■ On character and history of the festival see Hardy, Album Kern pp. 61–⁠66
■ gir-aggasamajjaṃ mountain fair…

…to, to honour MN.ii.169; Vin.i.180.

saṃ + anu + āharati; cp. BSk. samanvāharati

concentration, bringing together MN.i.190 sq.; DN-a.i.123; Mil.189.

saṃ + anu + āhāra

1. calm, quietude of heart MN.i.33; AN.i.61, AN.i.95; AN.ii.140; AN.iii.86 sq. (ceto˚), AN.iii.116 sq., AN.iii.449; AN.iv.360; AN.v.99; DN.iii.54, DN.iii.213, DN.iii.273; Dhp-a.ii.177; SN.iv.362; Dhs …

…daybreak Pv-a.38; aḍḍharatti˚; at midnight Pv-a.155; cp. ratta˚. 4. proper time, due season, opportunity, occasion Snp.388; Vin.iv.77;…

wanderer, recluse, religieux AN.i.67; DN.iii.16 DN.iii.95 sq., DN.iii.130 sq.; SN.i.45; Dhp.184; of a non-Buddhist (tāpasa) Ja.iii.390; an edifying etymology of the word Dhp-a.iii.84: “samita-pāpat …

“what is carried together,” viz.

1. accumulation, product, preparation; sambhāraseda bringing on sweating by artificial means Vin.i.205.
2. materials, requisite ingredients (of food) Mil.258; Ja.i.48 …

…Vb-a.135, Vb-a.310. The characteristics of the several constitutents together with var. means of cultivation are given at Vism.132 sq. =…

…Vism.119 janasambādharahita free from crowding Mil.409 kiṭṭhasambādha crowding of corn, the time when the corn is growing thick…

Sammā¹

a pin of the yoke Abhp.449; a kind of sacrificial instrument Snp-a.321 (sammaṃ ettha pāsantī ti sammāpāso; and sātrā-yāgass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ). Cp. Weber Indische Streifen i.3 …

clashing, beating together, impact, striking; battle, strife DN.ii.166; Pp.66 sq.; DN-a.i.150; Mil.161 (ūmi-vega˚), Mil.179 (of two rocks), Mil.224.

saṃ + pahāra

…Thag-a.111. Often characterized as mahā the great ocean, e.g. Vin.ii.237; AN.i.227; AN.ii.55 AN.iii.52; AN.iv.101; Snp-a.371;…

pulling out, salvation Mil.232.

saṃ + uddharaṇa

…of samuṭṭhāsi Ja.v.70.

saṃ + uddharati

talk, conversation Mil.344; piya˚; AN.v.24, AN.v.27, AN.v.90 AN.v.201, AN.v.339; Thag-a.226.

saṃ + udāhāra, cp. BSk. samudāhāra Divy.143

…104 sq. 2. Description & characterization of samādhi: Its four nimittas or signs are the four satipaṭṭhānas…

attainment AN.iii.5; SN.ii.150 sq.; SN.iv.293 (saññā-vedayita-nirodha˚); Dhs.30 Dhs.101; a stage of meditation AN.i.94; Dhs.1331; Ja.i.343 Ja.i.473; Pv-a.61 (mahā-karuṇā˚); Mnd.100, Mnd.106, Mnd.1 …

one of the Hāras Ne.1, Ne.2, Ne.4, Ne.108, Ne.205 sq., Ne.256 sq.

fr. samāropeti

to remove, to abolish Vin.i.110; DN.i.135 sq. (˚hanissati); DN.ii.91 = SN.v.432; MN.i.47 MN.ii.193; SN.v.76; Ja.i.374 = Snp.360; Snp.14, Snp.369, Snp.1076 sikkhāpadaṃ Vin.iii.23; DN.ii.154; uposathāgā …

Sanda¹

adjective

1. thick, dense; in -cchāya giving dense shade SN.iv.194 Ja.i.57 Ja.i.249 DN-a.i.209
2. (thick) wood, forest; in -vihāra dwelling in the wood, life as a hermit Tha …

adjective checking, restraining Vism.205.

fr. sandhāreti

checking Mil.352.

fr. sandhāreti

…of consistent behaviour AN.ii.187; MN.i.339; -sīla steady in character MN.i.339.

satataṃ, or fr. saṃ + tan

1. continuity, duration, subsistence Dhs.643; Ne.79; Mil.72, Mil.185 Vb-a.8, Vb-a.170, Vb-a.173; Vv-a.25; Vism.431, Vism.449. citta˚ continuity of consciousness Kv.458; cp. Cpd. 6, 153^{1</ …}

couch or mat Vin.ii.162; AN.i.277; Tha-ap.97 (tiṇa˚).

fr. saṃ + str

Err:501

…spread Vin.iv.39; Mhvs.29, Mhvs.9.

saṃ + tharati

adjective spreading, strewing; ˚vāta a wind which strews things about Snp-a.67.

fr. santharati

adverb by way of spreading; in sabba˚; so that all is spread, prepared DN.ii.84; cp. Vin.i.227, Vin.i.384.

fr. santhara

…(nt.) a rug or mat Vin.iii.224; Vv.63#5 (= tiṇa-santharaka Vv-a.262).

pp. of santharati

1. spreading, covering, floor(ing) SN.i.170; Vin.ii.120 (3 kinds of floors: iṭṭhakā˚, silā˚ dāru˚, i.e. of tiles, flags, wood); AN.i.136 (paṇṇa˚); Ja.vi.24 (id.); Ja.i.92; Pts.i.176.
2. (cp. paṭi˚) fr …

spread, cover, mat Vin.ii.113 (tiṇa˚), Vin.ii.116.

santhāra + ka cp. BSk. sanstāraka Mvu.iii.272

with the weight of the wings, carrying one’s wings with oneself DN.i.71; MN.i.180 MN.i.268; AN.ii.210; Pp.58.

sa³ + patta¹ + bhāra

adjective with the ingredients or constituents Vism.20, Vism.352, Vism.353.

sa³ + sambhāra

…(= dubbhikkhā).

• -uddharaṇa lifting the corn Mil.307.
• -ghāta destroying property SN.ii.218…

adjective continual, chronic. Only in nt. satataṃ (adv.) continually AN.iv.14; Iti.116; Snp.507; Mil.70; Pv.ii.8#11 (= nirantaraṃ Pv-a.110); Pv.iii.7#10 (= sabbakālaṃ Pv-a.207); …

Satta¹

hanging, clinging or attached to Vin.i.185; DN.ii.246; Mnd.23, Mnd.24; Dhp.342; Ja.i.376 Cp. āsatta¹ & byāsatta.

pp. of sañj: sajjati

Satta²

1. (m.) a li …

…Cnd.576
■ satthaṃ āharati to stab oneself SN.i.121 SN.iii.123; SN.iv.57 sq.

• -kamma application of the knife,…

Satthaka¹

neuter a knife, scissors Vin.ii.115 (daṇḍa˚, with a handle); Ja.v.254 (as one of the 8 parikkhāras); Mil.282. aya˚; at Ja.v.338 read -paṭṭaka.

• *-[nisādana](/define/nisād …

teacher, master
■ nom. satthā DN.i.49; Snp.179;
■ acc. satthāraṃ DN.i.163; Snp.153, Snp.343;
■ instr. satthārā DN.i.163;
■ instr. satthunā Mhvs.32, Mhvs.19;
■ gen. satthu DN.i.110; Iti.79; V …

1. lying down, sleeping Vism.26; Pv-a.80 (mañca˚).
2. bed, couch Vin.i.57, Vin.i.72; Vin.ii.123; DN.i.5, DN.i.7; AN.i.132; Ja.ii.88; Ja.v.110 (˚ṃ attharāpeti to spread out a bed); Mil.243, Mil.348; M …

sleeping-room Vin.i.140 sq.; Vin.iv.160; Ja.i.433; Ja.iii.275, Ja.iii.276.

…Mil.61; DN-a.i.211; characteristic, that by which one is distinguished Dhs-a.321. As f. at Dhs.4; Dhs-a.110, Dhs-a.140 (translation…

collecting; dus˚; hard to collect Vin.iii.148; Ja.iv.36 (here as dussanghara, on which see Kern,

Toevoegselen

i.121).

fr. saṃ + hṛ.

…Cp. upa˚.

saṃ + harati

collecting, gathering Dāvs v.33. Cp. upa˚; & sangharaṇa.

fr. saṃharati

abridgment, compilation Pv-a.114. Cp. upa˚.

fr. saṃ + hṛ.

drawing together, a collector SN.ii.185 = Iti.17. sabba˚; a kind of mixed perfume Ja.vi.336.

saṃ + hāra + ka

…See also asaṃhāriya.

grd. of saṃharati

…See also asaṃhāriya.

grd. of saṃharati

to be drawn away or caught in (loc.) MN.iii.188 sq. (paccuppannesu dhammesu) Dhs-a.420 (id.); Ja.iii.333.

Pass. of saṃharati

…nom. pl. saṃvaccharāni Ja.ii.128.

saṃ + vacchara; cp. Vedic saṃvatsara

taking by arrangement, i.e. theft committed in agreement with others Vin.iii.53.

saṃvidhā (short ger. form) + avahāra

business, traffic Vin.iii.239; AN.ii.187 = SN.i.78; AN.iii.77; Snp-a.471.

saṃ + vohāra

to trade (with); ppr. -vohāramāna [cp. BSk. saṃvyavahāramāna Divy.259; AN.ii.188.

Denom. fr. saṃvohāra

…or objects (characteristics) of sympathy are: dāna, peyyavajja atthacariyā, samānattatā, or liberality, kindly speech, a life…

communication, association, society Vin.i.45; AN.iii.256; Ja.i.106.

• -ārāma delighting in society DN.ii.78; MN.iii.110 Vb-a.474.
• -ārāmatā delight in comp …

1. multitude, assemblage Mil.403 (kāka˚); Ja.i.52 (sakuṇa˚); Snp.589 (ñāti˚); Snp.680 (deva˚) DN.iii.23 (miga˚); Vv.5#5 (accharā˚ = samūha Vv-a.37) bhikkhu˚; an assembly of Buddhist priests AN.i.56 …

Err:501

1. to bring together, collect, accumulate Ja.iii.261; Ja.iv.36 (dhanaṃ), Ja.iv.371; Ja.v.383.
2. to crush, to pound Ja.i.493.

= saṃharati

accumulation Ja.iii.319 (dhana˚).

= saṃharaṇa

…snapping of the fingers (acchara˚) AN.i.34, AN.i.38; Ja.vi.64. 3. accumulation, aggregate, multitude Pv-a.206 (aṭṭhi˚ mass of bones, for the…

to put together, prepare, work Pv-a.287. a-saṅkhārāna SN.i.126. Ger. saṅkharitvā SN.ii.269 (variant reading sankhāditvā, as is read at id. p. Vin.ii.201). Cp abhi˚
pp …

1. put together, compound; conditioned, produced by a combination of causes, “created,” brought about as effect of actions in former births SN.ii.26; SN.iii.56; Vin.ii.284; Iti.37, Iti.88; Ja.ii.38; N …

…king DN-a.i.246; bhūmi-ghara˚ in the shape of an earth house DN-a.i.260. 3. group, heaping up, amassing, collection pabbata-saṅkhepe in…

one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …

adjective having sankhāras AN.ii.214 = Dhs.1003.

fr. sankhāra

sweat DN.ii.293; AN.ii.67 sq. Iti.76; Snp.196; Ja.i.118, Ja.i.138, Ja.i.146, Ja.i.243; in detaiḷ (physiologically) at Vism.262, Vism.360; Vb-a.66, Vb-a.245 sweating for medicinal purposes, mahā˚ a g …

some sort of animal (monkey?) (explained by makkaṭa) MN.i.429.

sleeping and sitting, bed & chair, dwelling, lodging Vin.i.196, Vin.i.294, Vin.i.356; Vin.ii.146 Vin.ii.150 (˚parikkhāra-dussa); Vin.iii.88 etc.; DN.ii.77; AN.i.60; Iti.103, Iti.109; DN-a.i.208; Ja. …

adjective lodging at one’s own choice MN.i.469 sq.; Vism.66 (˚sukhaṃ).

serin + vihāra

…cp. ii.98) a bud Thig.382.

cp. Sk. śikhara

set of precepts, “preceptorial,” code of training; instruction, precept, rule

1. in general: DN.i.63, DN.i.146, DN.i.250; MN.i.33; AN.i.63, AN.i.235 sq. AN.ii.14, AN.ii.250 sq.; AN.iii.113, AN.iii.26 …

rat snake Ja.vi.194 (= gharasappa).

stone, rock Vin.i.28; SN.iv.312 sq.; Vin.445; DN-a.i.154; Ja.v.68; Vism.230 (in comparison) Vb-a.64 (var. kinds); a precious stone, quartz Vin.ii.238; Mil.267, Mil.380; Vv.84#15 (= phalika˚ Vv-a.33 …

1. wet, moist Vism.171.
2. oily, greasy, fatty Ja.i.463, Ja.i.481; Snp-a.100 (˚āhāra fattening food).
3. smooth, glossy Ja.i.89; Ja.iv.350 (of leaves); Mil.133.
4. resplendent charming Thag-a.139. 5 …

…(+ kalidevatā).

• -dhara glorious Mhvs.5, Mhvs.13.
• -nigguṇḍi a kind of tree Ja.vi.535. *…

…(+ kalidevatā).

• -dhara glorious Mhvs.5, Mhvs.13.
• -nigguṇḍi a kind of tree Ja.vi.535. *…

…wet Goth saiws = E. sea
■ Dhtp.377: kkharaṇe

cleansing Vism.276 (as f. ˚nā); examining Ja.i.292; payment (see uddhāra) Ja.i.321.

fr. sodheti

to make clean, to purify Vin.i.47; MN.i.39; Dhp.141; DN-a.i.261, DN-a.i.13#2; to examine, search Ja.i.200, Ja.i.291; Ja.ii.123; Ja.iii.528; to search for, to seek Ja.ii.135; to clean away, to remove …

…very skilful Ja.i.220; -khara very hard (-hearted) Ja.vi.508. (= suṭṭhu khara C.). -khetta a good…

…-ghara Vin.ii.301 sq.; see sūcighara.

• -jātika of clean descent Ja.ii.11. *…

1. clean, pure, Vin.i.16; Vin.ii.152; DN.i.110; Snp.476.
2. purified, pure of heart MN.i.39; Dhp.125, Dhp.412; Snp.90
3. simple, mere, unmixed, nothing but SN.i.135; Dhs-a.72; Ja.ii.252 (˚daṇḍaka jus …

…Vism.258 = Kp-a.56 (sakkhara˚). 2. lime plaster, whitewash, cement Vin.ii.154; --kamma whitewashing coating of cement Ja.vi.432; Mhvs.38,…

…s. viharati to live happily AN.i.96; AN.iii.3; Dhp.379
■ Der. sokhya

*…

adjective subtle, minute Vin.i.14; DN.i.182; SN.iv.202; AN.ii.171; Dhs.676; Thig.266; Dhp.125 = Snp.662; Vism.274, Vism.488 (˚rūpā). fine, exquisite DN.ii.17, DN.ii.188; Mil.313; susukhuma, very subtl …

…of liquor Ja.iii.477.

• -ghara = ˚geha Ja.v.367.
• -chaṇa a drinking festival Ja.i.489;…

…= Ja.ii.284; Vv.64#14 (= dahara C.); Snp.420; DN.i.115; MN.i.82; AN.ii.22; Ja.ii.57; ājānīya-susūpama MN.i.445 read ājānīy-ass-ūpama…

…AN.iv.4 sq.; Vv-a.113 -dhara remembering what has been heard (or taught in the Scriptures) AN.ii.23 (+ ˚sannicaya);…

Sutta¹

asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …

…(contrasted with vinayadhara who knows the rules of the Vinaya) Vin.ii.75 Cp. dhamma C1 & piṭaka
■ Vin.i.169; Vin.ii.75, Vin.ii.161…

emptiness, “void,” unsubstantiality, phenomenality; freedom from lust, ill-will and dullness, Nibbāna MN.iii.111; Kv.232; Dhs-a.221; Ne.118 sq., Ne.123 sq., Ne.126; Mil.16; Vism.333 (n’atthi; *[suññ …

adjective noun

1. enforcing, proving Ja.i.307; DN-a.i.105.
2. settling, clearing (a debt) Ja.ii.341 (uddhāra˚). In this meaning mixed with sodheti; it is impossible to decide wh …

1. to accomplish, further, effect Ja.ii.236 (Pot. sādhayemase).
2. to make prosperous Pv-a.113, Pv-a.125
3. to arrange, prepare Mhvs.7, Mhvs.24.
4. to perform execute Ja.i.38 (ārāmika-kiccaṃ); DN- …

…Mil.4, Mil.21; DN-a.i.143.

• -sīliya good character Ja.ii.137.

Vedic sādhu, fr. sādh

adjective general, common, joint Vin.ii.258; Vin.iii.35; Thig.505; Ja.i.202, Ja.i.302; Ja.iv.7 (pañca˚-bhāva 5 fold connection); Ne.49 sq.; Pv-a.122, Pv-a.194, Pv-a.265. a˚ Ja.i.78; DN-a.i.71.

adjective with its food SN.iii.54 (viññāṇa s.); DN.ii.96 (Vesālī s.; translation “with its subject territory”).

sa + āhāra

…letters, with the phonology DN.i.88; AN.i.163; Snp.p.101; Mil.10; DN-a.i.247 (akkharappabhedo ti sikkhā ca nirutti ca).

sa³ +…

adjective with its characteristics DN.i.13; DN.iii.111; MN.i.35; Pp.60; Vism.423 (+ sa-uddesa).

sa³ + ākāra

large (covered & enclosed) hall large room, house; shed, stable etc., as seen fr. foll examples: aggi˚; a hall with a fire Vin.i.25, Vin.i.49 = Vin.ii.210 āsana˚; hall with seats Dhp-a.ii.65; *ud …

…Ja.i.239 (English transl.: “true and false doctrine, “good and bad news”).

• -hara (+ ˚jotaka) taking up (&…

name of a kind of bird Ja.vi.539 (koṭṭhapokkhara-˚, cp. 540); Snp-a.359 (id.).

…nature,“ like, having the character of…, e.g. adāna˚; of stingy character, illiberal Snp.244; Pv-a.68 (+ maccharin); kiṃ˚; of what…

(-˚) character(istic), nature, capacity Dhp-a.iii.272.

abstr. fr. sīla

…having a disposition or character; ariyasīlin having the virtue of an Ārya DN.i.115; DN-a.i.286; niddāsīlin drowsy, Snp.96; vuddhasīlin…

conduct, behaviour, character; said of bad behaviour, e.g. Ja.iii.74 = Ja.iv.71; emphasized as dussīlya, e.g. SN.v.384; AN.i.105; AN.v.145 sq.;…

…with cool water (pokkharaṇī) MN.i.76; Pv.ii.10#4; sītodika (˚iya the same Ja.iv.438.

• -bhīruka being a chilly…

…Ja.vi.444; Vism.394.

• -ghara a needle case Vin.ii.301 sq. Vin.iv.123, Vin.iv.167; SN.ii.231; Ja.i.170. *…

…and sūṇā Ja.v.303; sūnāpaṇa Ja.vi.111; sūnaghara Vin.iii.59; sūna-nissita Vin.iii.151;…

lying-in-chamber Ja.iv.188; Ja.vi.485; Vism.259 (Kp-a pasūti˚); Vb-a.33, Vb-a.242.

sūti + ghara

…on euphonic cons.) especially with agge (after, from), in ajja-t-agge, tama-t-agge, dahara-t-agge AN.v.300; cp deva ta-t-uttari for…

…on that food which is (characteristic of the beings in N.; or: whichever is the food of the N. beings, on this he lives“ Pv-a.27 2….

adjective in combination with tabbahula taggaruka tanninna tappoṇa tappabhāra freq. as formula, expressing: converging to this end, bent thereon, striving towards this (aim): Nd ii.under tad. The same …

…Dhp-a.i.284. -dhara bearer of tradition Vism.99 (+ vaṃsânurakkhake & paveṇipolake). 3. a sacred text a passage…

…graceful = uttamarūpa-dhara Vv-a.79; perhaps to 2) Pv-a.46 (of hair: fine + mudhu). 2. (n. nt.) body (orig. slender part of the body =…

…moha˚); esp. in phrase (characterizing a sakadāgāmin “rāga-dosa-mohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti” DN.i.156; SN.v.357 sq.,…

…wrong) of such & such a character Vin.i.325; in detail expl. MN.ii.249; + tiṇavatthāraka DN.iii.254; AN.i.99. -kammaṃ karoti to carry…

…bhāvitaṃ) id. SN.iv.294 = MN.i.301; SN.v.90, SN.v.213 sq 3. tathattāya cittaṃ upasaṃharati id. MN.i.468

■ abl. tathattā in truth,…

…saṃyuttā sattā dīgharattaṃ sandhāvanti saṃsaranti Iti.8. See also t
■ dutiya 3. To have got rid of t. is…

to rattle, shake, clatter; to grind or gnash one’s teeth; to fizz. Usually said of people in frenzy or fury (in ppr. ˚yanto or ˚yamāna) Ja.i.347 (rosena), Ja.i.439 (kodhena); Ja.ii.277 (of a bhikkhu k …

only in compounds ā˚, ava˚, etc.

Sk. stṛṇoti

…spreading. In compounds like assa˚, bhumma˚, ratha˚, hattha˚, etc. the reading ass-attharaṇa, etc. should be preferred (= ā…

…stony ground Pv.iv.7#5 (= kharakaṭhāna bhūmippadesa Pv-a.265).

• -sāyikā (f.) the act of lying on the bare ground (as a penance) [BSk….

…It is added that four characteristics make a man a thera-high character, knowing the essential doctrines by heart, practising the four…

…Ja.vi.529 (= madhuṃ paggharantiyo madhutthevasadisā p. 530 “dropping honey.”

cp. Sk. styāyate to congeal, form a (solid) mass; see…

of tharati, only in compounds parivi˚, vi˚.

see *vi*˚, san˚.

…Pv-a.216 (sā ca pokkharaṇī Vesaliyā ˚mattake hoti); ˚satika 300 cubits long Ja.ii.3 -loka the 3 worlds (i.e….

…padapāripurī akkharasamavāyo etc.“ Mnd.123 = Cnd.137. The same expl^n. also for iti’ haṃ (see below iv.)

I. As…

…˚kilesu deep blemish (of character) Vism.87.

Probably a contamination of two roots of different meaning; viz. tij & tim; (of tamas) or =…

adjective piercing, sharp acute, fierce; always & only with ref. to pains, esp pains suffered in Niraya. In full combinations sarīrikā vedanā dukkhā tippā kharā MN.i.10; AN.ii.116, AN.ii.143, AN.ii.15 …

satisfied (with = instr.) enjoying (c. gen.), happy, contented AN.i.87 = Pp.26 (+ tappetar) Mil.249; Vv-a.86 (= pīṇita); Pv-a.46 (dibbâhārassa), Pv-a.59 (= suhita), Pv-a.109 (= pīṇita)
■ *[atit …

1. a fording place, landing place, which made a convenient bathing place DN.ii.89 = Vin.i.230 (Gotama˚ the G. ford) Ja.i.339, Ja.i.340 (titthāraṇa); Ja.ii.111; Ja.iii.228 (˚nāvika ferryman); Ja.iii.23 …

grass, herb; weed; straw; thatch hay, litter SN.iii.137 (tiṇa, kasā, kusa, babbaja, bīraṇa) satiṇakaṭṭhodaka full of grass, wood & water (of an estate) DN.i.87, DN.i.111, etc.; sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā rajo …

sharp (of swords, axes, knives, etc.) DN.i.56 (sattha); SN.iv.160, SN.iv.167 (kuṭhārī); AN.iv.171; Snp.667 (˚dhāra), Snp.673 (asipattavana); Ja.i.253; Sdhp.381.

see tikhiṇa

…the Bhagavant & Arahants, characterized as “such” in 5 ways: see Mnd.114 sq.; Snp-a.202 & cp Mil.382. tādī: Snp.712, Snp.803 (& Snp.154…

…like, of such quality or character, in such a condition Ja.i.151 Ja.iii.280; Snp.112, Snp.317, Snp.459; Cnd.277 (in expl. of tathāvidha);…

adjective = tādisa¹, of such character Snp.278; Iti.68.

adverb so much, so long; usually correl. with yāva how long, how much; in all meanings to be understood out of elliptical application of this correlation Thus

I

*yāva-tāva …

…been Indra, of disreputable character from the Buddhist point of view. Him they deposed, and invented a new god named Sakka, the opposite in every…

…although possibly same as ubbahati¹, in meaning of uddharati, which has taken up meanings of *udbharati, as…

height, only as measure, contrasted with āyāma length, & vitthāra width Ja.i.29 (Ja.v.219; asīti-hatth˚), Ja.i.203 (yojana-sahass˚); Vv-a.33 (yojana˚), Vv- …

…(id.); DN.i.77 (cp uddharati); MN.i.383 (ubbhatehi akkhihi); Dhp.34 (okamokata u. = *okamokataḥ u.); Ja.i.268; Pv-a.163.

pp. of…

Err:509

…(to press, urge), or bṛh or bādh; cp. uddharati 2

oppressed, troubled, harassed, annoyed vexed Vin.i.148, Vin.i.353; Vin.ii.119; Vin.iv.308; Ja.i.300; Vism.182 (kuṇapa-gandhena);…

…(vyañj˚) having the characteristics of both sexes, hermaphrodite Vin.i.89, Vin.i.136, Vin.i.168 Vin.iii.28; Vin.v.222; -saṅgha twofold…

1. uttered, let out Pv-a.280 (akkharāni).
2. lifted, raised Thag-a.255.

pp. of uccāreti

water-carrier Ja.ii.80.

uda + hāraka

adjective going for water Vv.50#9.

fr. udahāra fetching of water, uda + hṛ.

water Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.213; DN.ii.15 (˚assa dhārā gushes or showers of w.); Dhp.80 Dhp.145; Ja.i.212; Pv.i.5#7; Pp.31, Pp.32; Mil.318; Vv-a.20 (udake temanaṃ aggimhe tāpanaṃ); Dhp-a.i.289; Dhp-a. …

…dasaṃ uṇṇā-may’ attharaṇaṃ; keci ubhato uggata-pupphaṃ ti vadanti DN-a.i.87); AN.i.181. See however uddha-lomin under…

…(= uddhaṃ dosānaṃ nīharaṇaṃ DN-a.i.98); Dhp-a.iii.126; Snp-a.86 -suddha clean on top Vin.ii.152 2….

…ger. of ud-dharati, ud + dhṛ; cp. uddhaṭa & uddhata. The BSk. auddhatya shows a strange distortion. BSk. uddhava seems to be…

…(= abbahati); imper. uddharatha Ja.ii.95 (for abbaha); Dhp.327 (attānaṃ duggā); aor. uddhari Ja.iii.190 (ankena); cond. uddhare Thag.756;…

…meaning uddhaṭa from uddharati 2). DN-a.i.192. 2. pulling or drawing out (cp. uddharati 2) Vin.iii.29. See also ubbahati².

abstr….

…(= nibbutacitto Dhp-a.iv.93) Ja.v.203; Vv.64#8

■ See also ubbhata.

pp. of uddharati¹; as to its relation to uddhaṭa see remarks…

…(= uddhaṃ dosānaṃ nīharaṇaṃ DN-a.i.98); Dhp-a.iii.126; Snp-a.86 -suddha clean on top Vin.ii.152 2….

…Cp. uddhaṭa -bīja castrated Ja.ii.237.

pp. of uddharati²; see also uddhata,…

…of the Vin.); Snp-a.237 (atth˚ + pad˚).

fr. uddharati¹

1. to propose, point out, appoint, allot Dhp.353, cp. Dhp-a.iv.72; Mil.94 (satihāraṃ) fut. uddisissati MN.i.480 (ex conj., is probably to be changed to uddassessati, q.v.).
2. to specify Pv-a.22 (ao …

to utter, recite. speak. Snp.389; Ja.iii.289; DN-a.i.140 (see udāhāra)
pp udāhaṭa (q.v.) Cp. pariy˚.

ud + ā + hṛ.

example, instance Ja.iii.401 (˚ṃ āharitvā dassento), Ja.iii.510; Mil.345; Snp-a.445; Vv-a.297.

fr. udāharati

uttered, spoken; called, quoted Pp.41.

pp of udāharati

utterance, speech DN-a.i.140 (˚ṃ udāhari = udānaṃ udānesi); Pp-a.223,

fr. udāharati

to ooze Thag.394 = Dhp-a.iii.117.

ud + kṣar

to harass, vex, irritate MN.i.126; SN.i.209 (“give occasion for offence”); Vin.iv.38 (cp. p. 356); Ja.v.286; Pv-a.266.

Caus. of ujjhāyati

1. firebrand, glow of fire, torch DN.i.49, DN.i.108; SN.ii.264; Thig.488 (˚ûpama) Ja.i.34 (dhamm-okkā); Ja.ii.401; Ja.iv.291; Ja.v.322; Vism.428 Thag-a.287; DN-a.i.148; Dhp-a.i.42, Dhp-a.i.205; P …

to exhibit, show as a characteristic Vism.492.

Denom. of ud + linga

[fr. upa + dhṛ;) “receptacle”, milk-pail DN.ii.192; AN.iv.393; Ja.vi.503. See kaṃs˚. Kern,

Toevoegselen

i. 142 proposes corruption fr. kaṃs’ûpadohana, which latter however does not occur in Pa …

to bring, offer, present AN.ii.87; AN.iii.33; Dhp.i.301, Dhp.i.302; Ja.v.477.

upa + hṛ.

1. presentation; luxury Ja.i.231.
2. taking, seizing Ja.vi.198.

fr. upa + hṛ.

bringing forward, present, offering, gift Vin.iii.136 (āhār˚) AN.ii.87; AN.iii.33; AN.v.66 (mett˚); Ja.i.47; Ja.iv.455; Ja.vi.117; DN-a.i.97.

fr. upa + hṛ.

to learn, acquire or have knowledge of (w. gen. or instr.), to know Vin.i.272 (saṃyamassa); Vin.ii.181 (gharāvās’atthena); AN.i.50 (dvinnaṃ dhammānaṃ upaññāsin)
fut upaññissati (& upaññassati; Snp …

adjective serviceable, helping, effective Ja.v.99; Vism.534
■ f. upakārikā

1. benefactress helper Ja.iii.437.
2. fortification (strengthening of the defence) on a city wall D …

indeclinable over, above (prep. & prefix)

1. (adv. on top, above (opp. adho below) Vin.iv.46 (opp. heṭṭhā) Ja.vi.432; Kp-a.248 (= uddhaṃ; opp. adho); Snp-a.392 (abtimukho u. gacchati explaining pac …

calm, quiet, appeasement, allaying, assuagement, tranquillizing Vin.i.10; SN.iv.331 = SN.v.421 (in freq. phrase upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; see nibbāna ii …

1. to collect, bring together, heap up, gather Mil.132.
2. to dispose arrange, concentrate, collect, focus Vin.iv.220 (kāyaṃ) MN.i.436 (cittaṃ), MN.i.468 (cittaṃ tathattāya); SN.v.213 sq. (id.) Dhs-a …

drawing together, bringing up to, comparison Vism.232 sq.; Ja.v.186.

fr. upasaṃharati

taking hold of, taking up, possession, in devat˚; being seized or possessed by a god Mil.298.

fr. upa + saṃ + hṛ.

…in stock phrase “yena (Pokkharasādissa parivesanā) ten’ upasankami, upasankamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi”, e.g. Vin.i.270; DN.i.109;…

(floor) covering, carpet, rug DN.i.103 (rath˚); Ja.ii.126 (pabbat˚); Ja.ii.534.

fr. upa + stṛ.

to cause pain, to vex, torment, harass Ja.ii.178, Ja.ii.224; Ja.iv.11; Dhs-a.42 (vibādhati +).

upa + tāpeti

1. attendance, waiting on, looking after, service, care, ministering AN.i.151, AN.i.225; Snp.138; Ja.i.226, Ja.i.237, Ja.i.291; Ja.ii.101; Ja.iv.138; Ja.vi.351; Pts.i.107; Pts.ii.7 sq., Pts.ii.28, Pts …

Upekkhā & Upekhā

feminine “looking on”, hedonic neutrality or indifference, zero point between joy & sorrow (Cpd. 66) disinterestedness, neutral feeling, equanimity. Sometimes equivalent to adukkham\ …

Upekkhā & Upekhā

feminine “looking on”, hedonic neutrality or indifference, zero point between joy & sorrow (Cpd. 66) disinterestedness, neutral feeling, equanimity. Sometimes equivalent to adukkham\ …

the (blue) lotus; a waterlily. The 7 kinds of lotuses, mentioned at Ja.v.37 are: nīla-ratta-set-uppala, ratta-seta-paduma, seta-kumuda kalla-hāra
■ DN.i.75; DN.ii.19; Vin.iii.33 (˚gandha); Ja …

…DN.ii.269 (variant reading uruddhā perhaps preferable, for ura uddharana lifting or raising the chest).

ura + undā?

…Ja.i.336; Ja.v.99 (bharatûsabha); Ja.vi.136; Pp.56 Vism.153 (˚camma, in simile); Dhp-a.i.396; Snp-a.226, Snp-a.333 Kp-a.144;…

…qualification, characteristic, mark, attribute, in catussada “having the four qualifications (of a good village)” Ja.iv.309 (viz….

…the 7^th of the characteristics of a Mahāpurisa DN.ii.17; DN.iii.143, DN.iii.154; DA explains: the ankles are not over the heels, but…

…patta).

• -attharaṇa upper cover Ja.vi.253.
• -pubba north-eastern Ja.vi.518.
• -sse…

…adj. of a transcendental character, miraculous overwhelming Vin.i.209; Vin.ii.112; Vin.iii.105; Vin.iv.24; DN.i.211; DN.iii.3, DN.iii.12,…

…adj. of a transcendental character, miraculous overwhelming Vin.i.209; Vin.ii.112; Vin.iii.105; Vin.iv.24; DN.i.211; DN.iii.3, DN.iii.12,…

…adj. of a transcendental character, miraculous overwhelming Vin.i.209; Vin.ii.112; Vin.iii.105; Vin.iv.24; DN.i.211; DN.iii.3, DN.iii.12,…

…adj. of a transcendental character, miraculous overwhelming Vin.i.209; Vin.ii.112; Vin.iii.105; Vin.iv.24; DN.i.211; DN.iii.3, DN.iii.12,…

an outer garment, cloak Pv.i.10#3 (= uparivasanaṃ uparihāraṃ uttarisāṭakaṃ Pv-a.49); Dāvs iii.30; Thag-a.253.

fr. uttara

…Snp-a.317).

• -saṃvacchara the year or cycle of the seasons, pl. ˚ā the seasons DN.iii.85; AN.ii.75; SN.v.442. The…

…uttiṭṭhitvā paresaṃ gharadvāre ṭhatvā Dhp-a.iii.165, cp. Vin Texts i.152)
imper 2^nd pl. uṭṭhahatha Snp.331;…

…uttiṭṭhitvā paresaṃ gharadvāre ṭhatvā Dhp-a.iii.165, cp. Vin Texts i.152)
imper 2^nd pl. uṭṭhahatha Snp.331;…

Va¹

the syllable “va” Kp-a.109 (with ref. to ending ˚vā in Bhagavā, which Bdhgh exp^ls as “va-kāraṃ dīghaṃ katvā,” i.e. a lengthening of va); Snp-a.76 (see below va^{3</sup …}

year Sdhp.239. See the usual saṃvacchara.

cp. Class. Sk. vatsara

˚- speech, words; rare by itself (and in this case re-established from compounds and poetical, as at Snp.472 (yassa vacī kharā; explained at Snp-a.409 by “vācā”), Snp.973 (cudito vacīhi = vācāhi Sn …

…koka wolf. The notion of voraciousness is prevalent in the characterization of the wolf (see all passages of…

1. a climbing plant, a creeper Vin.iii.144; Ja.v.37; Ja.vi.536; Vv-a.147 Vv-a.335 (here as a root?)
   ■ santānaka˚; a long, spreading creeper Vv-a.94, Vv-a.162.
2. a reed or rush used as a st …

…the jungle of lust). Characterized as amba˚; mango grove DN.ii.126 and passim; ambāṭaka˚; plum grove Vin.ii.17;…

…v. bījaṃ tādisaṃ harate phalaṃ), and vuppati [Vedic upyate] Thag.530
pp vutta
caus 1…

…follows the noun which it characterizes, e.g. -pañña of supreme wisdom Snp.391, Snp.1128 (= agga-pañña Cnd.557); -bhatta excellent food…

power, authority, control, influence SN.i.43, SN.i.240 (kodho vo vasam āyātu: shall be in your power; vasa = āṇāpavattana K.S. i.320); MN.i.214 (bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca cittassa vasena v …

…Mhvs.31; Dhp-a.iii.163 (pokkhara˚ portentous); Snp-a.224 (mahā˚ deluge of rain); Pv-a.55 (vāta˚ wind & rain)
■ fig. shower, downpour…

wealth; only in compounds -deva the god of wealth, i.e. Kṛṣṇa (Kaṇha) Mil.191 (as ˚devā followers of K.); Ja.v.326 (here in T. as ādicco vāsudevo pabhankaro, explained in C. as vasudevo vasujotan …

…as property of stained character, i.e. subjective kāma, e.g. Mnd.1; Snp-a.99, Snp-a.112; Dhs-a.62
■ On vatthu as…

to be drawn away, to be distracted or alienated (from); so is to be read at all passages, where it is either combined with avakassati or stands by itself The readings are: Vin. …

…meaning “old age” when characterized as such or contrasted to youth (the ord. term for old age being jarā). Three…

… ■ The word is specially characteristic of the Jātakas and other popular (later literature Ja.i.32, Ja.i.201, Ja.i.247; Ja.ii.170; Ja.vi.332…

…tradition Mil.164.

• -dharaṇa id. Mil.226.
• -nalaka bamboo reed Kp-a.52, Kp-a.59 (with note Sn Index p. 870:…

…vā sāmo vā). Cp. -pokkharatā. In special sense applied as distinguishing mark of race or species, thus also constituting a mark of class…

adjective beautiful AN.iv.240 (cātummahārājikā devā dīgh’āyukā vaṇṇavanto; variant reading ˚vantā) Pp.34; Pv.iii.2#12 (= rūpasampanna Pv-a.184); Dhp-a.i.383.

fr. vaṇṇa

(-˚) adjective

1. having colour Thag.1190 (accharā nānattavaṇṇiyo “in divers hues”).
2. belonging to a caste, in cātu˚; (suddhi) (purity of) the fourfold castes MN.ii.132.
3. having beauty Snp.551 …

adjective bulky, gross Abhp.701.

cp. BSk. vaṭhara Mvu.ii.65. A root vaṭh is given at Dhtm.133 in meaning “thūlattane bhave” i.e. bulkiness

Name of one of the 9 angas (see nava) or divisions of the Canon according to matter AN.ii.7, AN.ii.103, AN.ii.178; AN.iii.88, AN.iii.107, AN.iii.361 sq.; AN.iv.113; Vin.iii.8 Pp.43; …

…of the Jātaka, both times characterized as sukka-cchavī vedhaverā “sons of widows, with white skins,” and at both places misunderstood…

…restriction, control (of character, sīla-velā) at Dhs.299 (“not to trespass” translation), and in dogmatic exegesis of…

…see Bdhgh at Snp-a.136 (viharati = vividhaṃ hitaṃ harati); and Vism.179 vividhaṃ khittaṃ = vikkhittaṃ; see also under viggaṇhati; or…

distribution, division, distinction, classification Vin.i.359; Snp.600 (jāti classification of species; explained as jāti -vitthāra at Snp-a.464); Ja.iv.361 (+ vicaya; C. expl …

adjective

1. looking after something; watching Ja.i.364 (ghara˚).
2. investigating; (n.) a judge Mhvs.35, Mhvs.18.

fr. vicāreti

…as “vijahissati, parihāyissati”; with phrase sukhaṃ vihāhisi cp. dukkhaṃ viharati at AN.i.95, and see also…

abiding, dwelling Dhs-a.164, Dhs-a.168.

fr. viharati

to harass, vex, annoy, insult SN.iv.63; SN.v.346; AN.iii.194; Vin.iv.36 sq.; Ud.44; Snp.277; Pv.iv.1#47 (vihesaṃ, aor.); Pv.iv.1#49 (vihesayi,…

adjective harassing, oppressing, annoying Ja.i.504; Ja.v.143; Sdhp.89. Neg. a˚ see sep.

fr. viheṭheti

harassing, hurting; oppression Vb-a.74; Vv-a.68; Pv-a.232.

fr. viheṭheti

adjective = vihita; DN.iii.28 sq. (kathaṃ v. aggaññaṃ how as the beginning of things appointed?); - añña˚ engaged upon something else Ja.iv.389 (or does it belong to *[āhāra](/d …

to hurt, injure, harass, annoy SN.i.165; Iti.86; Snp.117, Snp.451; Pv-a.123, Pv-a.198.

vi + hiṃsati

…in C. by pabbājesi
■ Another form vihāhisi see under viharati & cp.; viheti².

Vihāraka = vihāra

(room, hut) Thig.94 (= vasanakaovaraka Thag-a.90).

…modern province Behar bears its name from the vihāras. Viharaka = vihara

fr. viharati

Vihāraka = vihāra

(room, hut) Thig.94 (= vasanakaovaraka Thag-a.90).

adjective (-˚) dwelling, living; being in such & such a state or condition DN.i.162 (appa-dukkha˚), DN.i.251 (evaṃ˚); AN.i.24 (araṇa˚), AN.i.26 (mettā); Iti.74 (appamāda˚); Snp.45 (sādhu˚), Snp.375; …

to loathe Snp.41 (˚amāna = aṭṭiyamāna harāyamāna Cnd.566), Snp.253, Snp.958 (˚ato = aṭṭiyato harāyato Mnd.466), Snp.963; Mnd.479.

vi + j.

…to at Ja.i.259.

• -dhara a knower of charms, a sorcerer Ja.iii.303, Ja.iii.529; Ja.iv.496; Ja.v.94; Mil.153, Mil.200,…

…-kāla time of birth Ja.ii.140.

• -ghara birth-chamber Mil.301.

pp. of vijāyati

…set Snp.7; Vv-a.188 (manohara +)
■ Bdhgh. at Snp-a.21 interprets ˚kappita as chinna “cut,” saying it has that…

…sort, kind Ja.i.59 (ābharaṇa˚ kind of ornament), Ja.i.243 (maccha-maṃsa˚); Mil.403 (bhojana˚ all kinds of material things); Vism.376…

…on p. 250 = 337 “vāri pokkhara-patte vikirati vidhamati viddhaṃsati”: the water scatters, drops falls off; applied figuratively to bad…

…-pahāna elimination (of character-blemishes) by discarding Ja.ii.230; Cnd.203; Vism.5; Dhs-a.352; Snp-a.19; -vimutti emancipation by…

…such pīti as to be called pharaṇā pīti, thus vikkhambheti = pharati 2? Or as Denom. fr. vikkhambha “diameter” = to establish etc.?);…

adjective leading to arrest (of passions), conducive to discarding (the blemishes of character) Vism.114.

fr. vikkhambheti

1. change, alteration, in mahā˚; great change Vism.366, Vism.367 (of two kinds: anupādiṇṇa upādiṇṇa, or primary & secondary, i.e. the first caused by kappa-vuṭṭhāna, the second by dhātu-kkhobha) K …

…characteristic; (adj.) discharacteristic, i.e. inconsistent with characteristics, discrepant (opp. sa˚; in accordance with ch.) Mil.405; Ne.78;…

…made unrestricted, i.e. delivered, set free SN.ii.173; SN.iii.31 (vippamutto ˚ena cetasā viharati); SN.vi.11; AN.v.151 sq-At Thag.184 variant…

…polished Ja.v.96 (˚ābharana), (C. explains as “visāla”), Ja.v.204, Ja.v.400 (of ornaments)
■ ubhato-bhāga˚; polished or smooth…

…and is founded on the character of their respective kamma: Ja.i.240 (vimāna-petiyo sattāhaṃ sukhaṃ anubhavanti, sattāhaṃ dukkhaṃ);…

…the Vinaya Vin.iv.142. -dhara one who knows or masters the V by heart, an expert in the V. Vin.i.169; Vin.ii.299 (with…

to go out (in all directions) Ja.iv.181.

vi + niccharati

only in phrase -ññū either: knowing diffuseness or detail, or: of unillusioned understanding, clear-minded, unprejudiced combined with ugghaṭita-ññū at AN.ii.135 = Pp.41 (trsl^d by B. …

…(vijjotamāna vipphurato).

vi + phurati: see pharati

spreading out, effulgence, pervasion Vv-a.277.

vi + phuraṇa = pharaṇa

…mahājutika); Pv-a.178 (karuṇā˚).

fr. vi + pharati 1 or 2

adjective possessing vibration Dhs-a.115 = Vism.142.

fr. vipphāra, cp. pharati 1 & vipphurati