…DN.i.82 DN.i.98; SN.ii.154 (hīnaṃ dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati hīnā saññā); SN.iii.47; SN.iv.88, SN.iv.309 (citta h. duggata); DN.iii.106…

adjective drawn out, pulled (of a sting or dart), fig. removed destroyed. Most freq. in comb^n. -salla with the sting removed, having the sting (of craving thirst, taṇhā) pulled out DN.ii …

to resound, to be full of noise Ja.vi.531. Cp. abhinādita.

abhi + nadati

to bend
pp abhinata (q.v.).

abhi + namati

-ā (f.), pleasure, delight, enjoyment DN.i.244; MN.i.498; Ja.iv.397.

fr. abhinandati, cp. nandanā

to rejoice at, find pleasure in (acc.), approve of, be pleased or delighted with (acc. DN.i.46 (bhāsitaṃ), DN.i.55 (id.), DN.i.158, DN.i.223; MN.i.109, MN.i.458; SN.i.32 (annaṃ), SN.i.57, SN.i.14, (ca …

adjective rejoicing at, finding pleasure in (loc. or-˚), enjoying AN.ii.54 (piyarūpa); esp. freq. in phrase (taṇhā) tatratatr’âbhinandinī finding its pleasure in this or that [cp. B.Sk. tṛṣṇā tatra- …

only in an˚; not enjoyed, not (being) an object of pleasure SN.iv.213 = Iti.38; SN.v.319.

pp. of abhinandati

bent, (strained, fig. bent on pleasure MN.i.386 (+ apanata); SN.i.28 (id.; Mrs. Rh. D “strained forth”, cp. Kindred S i.39). See also apanata.

pp. of abhi + namati

adjective quite young, new or fresh Vin.iii.337; Ja.ii.143 (devaputta), Ja.ii.435 (so read for accuṇha in explⁿ of paccaggha; v.v. ll. abbhuṇha & abhiṇha) Thag-a.201 (˚yobbana = abhiyobban …

dramatic representation Vv-a.209 (sākhā˚).

abhi + naya

resounding with (-˚), filled with the noise (or song) of (birds) Ja.vi.530 (= abhinadanto C.); Pv-a.157 (= abhiruda).

pp. of abhinādeti, Caus. of abhi + nad; see nadati

adjective -˚ resounding with (the cries of animals, esp. the song of birds), full of the sound of (birds) Thag.1062 (kuñjara˚), Thag.1113 (mayūra-koñca˚) Ja.iv.466 (adāsakunta˚); Ja.v.304 (mayūra-k …

1. to speak out, declare, promise Ja.i.83 = Vin.i.36; Ja.vi.220.
2. to speak (kindly to, to welcome, salute, greet. In this sense always comb^d. with abhinandati, e. …

to salute, greet, welcome, honour Vin.ii.208 sq.; DN.i.61; AN.iii.223; AN.iv.173; Vv.1#5 (abhivādayiṃ aor. = abhivādanaṃ kāresiṃ vandiṃ Vv-a.24) Mil.162. Often in combination with *padakkhiṇaṃ karoti …

much youthfulness, early or tender youth Thig.258 (= abhinavayobbanakāla Thag-a.211).

abhi + yobbana

…DN.i.72 (atta˚ & para˚;); Ja.iv.112; DN-a.i.217; also written ādhīna Ja.v.350. See also under para.

cp. Sk. adhīna

to be bound to, to be attached, bent on; to desire, cleave to, indulge in. Fut. ajjhosissati (does it belong here?) MN.i.328 (c. acc. paṭhaviṃ, better as ajjhesati). grd. ajjhositabha MN.i.109 (+ …

cleaving to (earthly joys), attachment, DN.ii.58 sq.; DN.iii.289; MN.i.498 (+ abhinandana); SN.iii.187; AN.i.66; AN.ii.11 (diṭṭhi˚, kāma˚ + taṇhā). In comb^n. with (icchā) and mucchā at Nd …

being tied to, hanging on, attached to only in phrase a. tiṭṭhati (+ abhinandati, same in Divy MN.i.266; SN.iv.36 sq.; SN.iv.60, SN.iv.71 sq.; Mil.69. See also ajjhosa.

ger. o …

etc. see abhi˚ etc.

…reading anubhāva. Cp. Mnd.90; and Nd ii.under pahīna.

ana + bhāva

…last, worst Ja.ii.440 (C. hīna, lāmaka); see also anta¹ 4
■ acc. as adv. in…

…Vin.ii.161 (has antarā satthīnaṃ) = Ja.i.218.

III

Adverbial use of cases, instr. antarena in between DN.i.56;…

…gen. & loc. Vin.ii.161 (satthīnaṃ between the thighs, where id. p. at Ja.i.218 has antara-satthīsu); AN.ii.245 (satthīnaṃ. but variant…

adjective last, final (used almost exclusively with ref. to the last & final reincarnation thus in comb^n. with deha & sarīra;, the last body) DN.ii.15; Dhp.351; Iti.50 (antimaṃ dehaṃ dhār …

“bent away”, drawn aside, in ster. comb^n. abhinata + apanata (“strained forth & strained aside” Mrs Rh. D. Kindred S. p. 39) MN.i.386; SN.i.28.

pp. of apanamati

adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expl^d. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see *[a …

adjective not given up, not renounced MN.i.386; Iti.56, Iti.57; Cnd.70¹ Pp.12, Pp.18.

a + pahīna, pp. of pahāyati

“going away” viz.

1. separation, loss Dhp.211 (piya˚ = viyoga Dhp-a.iii.276).
2. loss (of property) DN.iii.181, DN.iii.182; AN.ii.166; AN.iv.283; Ja.iii.387 (atth˚).
3. leakage, out flow (of water) …

adjective (-˚)

1. worthy of, deserving, entitled to, worth Dhp.195 (pūjā˚); Pv.ii.8#6 (dakkhiṇā˚); Vv-a.23 (daṇḍa˚ deserving punishment) Freq. in cpd. mahāraha [Sk. mahārgha] …

adjective noun Before Buddhism used as honorific title of high officials like the English ʻHis Worship’; at the rise of Buddhism applied popularly to all ascetics (Dial. iii.3–⁠6). Adopted by the Bu …

adjective very poor or destitute AN.iv.282, AN.iv.287; AN.iv.323 (opp. accogāḷha).

ati + hīna

adjective in cāpâtikhīṇa broken bow (?) Dhp.156 (expl^d. at Dhp-a.iii.132 as cāpāto atikhīṇā cāpā vinimmuttā).

ati + khīṇa

…AN.i.147.

• -ādhīna independent DN.i.72.
• -ānudiṭṭhi speculation about souls SN.iii.185; SN.iv.148; AN.iii.447; Snp.1119;…

spreading out Vin.v.172 (see kaṭhina). atthāraka same ibid.; Vin.ii.87 (covering).

cp. Sk. āstāra, fr. attharati

1. begging, calling, asking Snp.710; Vism.68 (˚ânabhinandanā).
2. addressing, naming Snp-a.605 (= nāma).

fr. avhayati, Sk. āhvāna in diff. meaning

pronoun demonstr. pron. “this, he”; f. ayaṃ; nt. idaṃ & imaṃ “this, it” etc. This pron. combines in its inflection two stems, viz. as˚; (ayaṃ in nom. m. & f.) & im˚; (id in nom. nt.).

I. Form …

Aṭṭa¹

a platform to be used as a watchtower Vin.i.140; DN-a.i.209.

cp. see aṭṭaka

Aṭṭa²

lawsuit, case, cause Vin.iv.224; Ja.ii.2, Ja.ii.75; Ja.iv.129 (˚ṃ …

Bala¹

neuter

1. strength power, force DN.ii.73; AN.i.244; Thag.188; Dhp.109 (one of the 4 blessings, viz. āyu, vaṇṇa, sukha, bala; cp Dhp-a.ii.239); Pv.i.5#12 (= kāya-bala Pv-a.30); Pv …

indeclinable the letter or sound (syllable) bh; figuring in Bdhgh’s exegesis of the N. Bhagavā as representing bhava, whereas ga stands for gamana, va for vanta Kp-a.109
■ …

…Thag.367, Thag.1059
■ pahīna-bhayabherava having left behind (i.e. free from) fear terror SN.iii.83.

• -rāva cry of…

to split, break, sever destroy, ruin. In two bases: *bhid (with der. *bhed) *bhind;

1. *bhid: aor. 3^rd sg. abhida (= Sk abhidat) DN.ii.107; Ja.iii.29 (see als …

…as e.g. Ja.i.295 thīnaṃ bhāvo, perhaps best to be translated as “women’s character,” taking bhāva = attabhāva); usually -˚,…

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

1. seed, germ, semen, spawn. Used very frequently in figurative sense: see on similes J.P.T.S. 1907, 116
   ■ DN.i.135 (˚bhatta seed-corn food); DN.iii.44 (the five kinds: see below under ˚gāma) …

the eye (nom. sg. cakkhuṃ) Vin.i.34; SN.i.115; MN.iii.134 etc.)

I. The eye as organ of sense

1. psychologically cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā “seeing visible object (shape with the eye” (Nd ii.on …

state of ceto in action, thinking as active thought, intention, purpose, will Defined as action (kamma: AN.iii.415; cp. Kvu.viii.9 § 38 untraced quotation; cp. AN.v.292). Often comb …

…of varying mind Ja.i.295 nihīnacitto low-minded Pv-a.107; nikaṭṭha˚ AN.ii.137 āhata˚ AN.iv.460 = AN.v.18; supahata˚ SN.i.238 (cp….

bow MN.i.429 (opposed to kodaṇḍa); Dhp.156 (˚âtikhīṇa shot from the bow, cp Dhp-a.iii.132), Dhp.320 (abl. cāpāto metri causa); Ja.iv.272 Ja.v.400; Mil.105 (daḷha˚), Mil.352.

• *-[koṭi](/define/koṭi …

the (upper) robe of a Buddhist mendicant C. is the first one of the set of 4 standard requisites of a wandering bhikkhu, vir. c˚, piṇḍapāta alms-bowl, *[senāsana](/define/senās …

Dakkha¹

adjective dexterous skilled, handy, able, clever DN.i.45, DN.i.74, DN.i.78; DN.iii.190 (+ analasa) MN.i.119; MN.iii.2; SN.i.65; Cnd.141 (+ analasa & sampajāna); Ja.iii.247; DN-a …

adjective

1. right (opp vāma left), with a tinge of the auspicious, lucky prominent: Vin.ii.195 (hattha); Pv-a.112, Pv-a.132 (id.) Pts.i.125. hattha, pāda, etc. with ref. to a Tathāgata’s body); Ja …

adjective noun one worthy of a dakkiṇā The term is expl. at Kp-a.183, & also (with ref to brahmanic usage) at Cnd.291
■ SN.i.142, SN.i.168, SN.i.220; MN.i.37, MN.i.236 sq.; MN.i.446; AN.i.63, AN.i. …

gift, a fee, a donation; a donation given to a “holy” person with ref. to unhappy beings in the Peta existence (“Manes”), intended to induce the alleviation of their sufferings; an intercessional, exp …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

body AN.ii.18; Pv-a.10 Pv-a.122. Usually in foll. phrases: hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ SN.i.60; Pv.ii.9#56; pahāya m. d. SN.i.27, SN.i.30; jahati d MN.ii.73; ˚ṃ nikkhipati Pv.ii.6#15; (muni or khīṇāsavo a …

see adhīna.

point of the compass, region quarter, direction, bearings. The 4 principal points usualy enumerated are puratthimā (E) pacchimā (W) dakkhiṇā (S) uttarā (N …

adjective noun

1. (adj. unpleasant, painful, causing misery (opp. sukha pleasant Vin.i.34; Dhp.117. Lit. of vedanā (sensation) MN.i.59 (˚ṃ vedanaṃ vediyamāna, see also below iii.1 …

Dāyaka & Dāyikā

adjective & feminine giving, bestowing, distributing, providing (usually—˚); (n.) a donor, benefactor; a munificent person MN.i.236f. AN.i.26 AN.i.161 AN.ii.64 AN.ii.80 AN.iii.32 AN …

Dāyaka & Dāyikā

adjective & feminine giving, bestowing, distributing, providing (usually—˚); (n.) a donor, benefactor; a munificent person MN.i.236f. AN.i.26 AN.i.161 AN.ii.64 AN.ii.80 AN.iii.32 AN …

large tooth, fang, tusk; as adj. (-˚) having tusks or fangs DN.ii.18 (susukkha˚); Ja.i.505 (uddhaṭa-dāṭho viya sappo); Ja.iv.245 (nikkhanta˚); Dhp-a.i.215; Pv-a.152 (kaṭhina˚); Sdhp.286.

• *-[āv …

errand, commission, messages AN.iv.196; Ja.iii.134; DN-a.i.78. ˚ṃ gacchati to go on an errand Vin.ii.202; ˚ṃ harati to obtain a commission Vin.iii.87; Vin.iv.23.

• -kamma doing a …

1. interior, cavity (loc. gabbhe in the midst of: angāra˚ Ja.iii.55); an inner room, private chamber, bedroom, cell. Of a Vihāra Vin.ii.303; Vin.iii.119; Vin.iv.45; Vv-a.188; Vv-a.220
   ■ Ja.i.90 …

1. (nt.) the fact or the state of going, movement, journey, walk; (-˚) striving for, the leading of, pursuit AN.ii.48 sq. (gamanena na pattabbo lokass’ anto = one cannot walk to the end of the world) …

…always combined with hīna, low & pagan Vin.i.10 and ≈ (anta standard of life); AN.iii.325 (dassana, view); DN.iii.130 (sukhallikânuyoga,…

see gandhina.

in kule antimagandhina Ja.iv.34 (expl. by sabbapacchimaka) and gandhana in kula-gandhana Iti.64 see under *kula*˚.

…the fetters of the “body” always w. ref.to Nibbāna SN.i.210; AN.ii.24; Iti.104, Iti.122 ;

• -pahīna (adj.) connected…

…pavanaṃ, ākāso pakkhīnaṃ gati, vibhavo gati dhammānaṃ nibbānaṃ arahato gati: the wood is the sphere of the beasts, the air of the…

adjective noun venerable, reverend, a teacher Vv-a.229, Vv-a.230 (˚dakkhiṇā a teacher’s fee); Pv-a.3 (˚janā venerable persons) Sdhp.227 (˚ûpadesa), Sdhp.417.

a younger form of garu (q.v.); Sk. guru

to send; only in cpd. pahiṇati.

hi, hinoti

1. to hurt, injure DN.ii.243; SN.i.70; Snp.515; Dhp.132; Pv.ii.9#9 (= bādheti C.); Pv.iii.4#2 (= paribādheti C.); Snp-a.460.
2. to kill MN.i.39; Dhp.270

caus 2 hiṃsāpeti Pv-a …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

…social standing); Ja.i.342 (hīna˚ of low birth): Sdhp.416 (id.) Ja.v.257 (nihīna˚); Mil.189 (sama˚ of equal rank).

*…

…hāyare Ja.ii.327;
pp hīna (q.v.)
caus hāpeti (q.v.). See also hāni hāyin, jaha.

Vedic root…

…hāyare Ja.ii.327;
pp hīna (q.v.)
caus hāpeti (q.v.). See also hāni hāyin, jaha.

Vedic root…

…Dhp.348 cp. jāti ādinā nihīna Pv-a.198
■ Other phrases & applications: Various rebirths are seen by one who has perfect insight…

…Ja.iii.223, Ja.iii.335 Ja.v.99 (atthaṃ: robbed of their possessions; Com parihīna vinaṭṭha)
■ with abl.: Ja.v.401 (read jīnā…

Kalla¹ & Kalya

adjective

1. well, healthy, sound Vin.i.291.
2. clever, able, dexterous Mil.48 Mil.87.
3. ready, prepared Ja.ii.12, cp
   ■ citta.
4. fit proper, right SN.ii.13 (pañha)

…

…in explⁿ of thīna Cnd.290; Dhs.1156 = Dhs.1236 = Ne.86; Dhs-a.378; Ne.26. The reading in Nd ii.is akalyāṇatā, in Dhs…

…Mhvs.23, Mhvs.21 -hīna devoid of occupation, inactive Mil.288.

II. Applied (pregnant) meaning:

doing,…

1. (adj.)
   1. that ought to be, must or should be done, to be done, to be made (= kātabbaṃ karaṇârahaṃ Kp-a.236) Vin.i.58; DN.i.3, cp. Mil.183; AN.v.210; DN-a.i.7. Often-˚ in the sense of “doing …

…kataṃ), Dhp.150 (aṭṭhīnaṃ nagaraṃ kataṃ a city built of bones, of the body), Dhp.173 (yassa pāpaṃ kataṃ kammaṃ)- 2. in…

(cp. kaḍamba, kalamba) a mark used to keep the interstices between the threads of the kaṭhina even, when being woven Vin.ii.116, Vin.ii.317 (variant reading kaḷimpaka).

(cp. kaḍamba, kalamba) a mark used to keep the interstices between the threads of the kaṭhina even, when being woven Vin.ii.116, Vin.ii.317 (variant reading kaḷimpaka).

adjective always referring to teeth: with long, protruding teeth, of Petas (cp. attr. of the dog of the “Underworld” Pv-a.152: tikhiṇâyatakaṭhina-dāṭho and the figure of the witch in fairy-tales) J …

strip of cloth used to mark the kaṭhina robe, in -karaṇa Vin.i.254, and -ka Vin.i.290.

adjective noun

1. (adj.) hard, firm, stiff Cp.ii.2; Dhs.44, Dhs.45 (where also der. f. abstr. akaṭhinatā absence of rigidity, combined with akakkhalatā, cp Dhs-a.151 akaṭhina-bhāva); Pv-a.152 (˚dā …

adjective referring to the kaṭhina cloth Vin.v.61, Vin.v.114.

adjective sharp, bitter, acid, severe

1. severe, sharp (fig.), of dukkha, vedanā, kāmā, etc MN.i.10 = AN.ii.143; Ja.vi.115; Thig.451 (= Thag-a.281) SN-a.56
   ■ painful, terrible, frightful (-ap …

I. Crude meaning

bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.

1. Esp. used
   1. of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …

waste, destruction, consumption decay, ruin, loss; of the passing away of night Vv-a.52 mostly in applied meaning with ref. to the extinction of passions & such elements as condition, life, & rebirth …

…viz. agga˚ majjhima˚, hīna˚ (in simile); AN.i.229 = AN.i.239; AN.iv.237 (do.); Snp.524; Ja.i.153 (sāli-yava˚); Pv.ii.9#68 =…

adjective small, inferior, low; trifling, insignificant; na khuddaṃ samācare kiñci “he shall not pursue anything trifling” Snp.145 (= lāmakaṃ Kp-a.243) kh˚ ca bālaṃ Snp.318. Opp. to strong Vv.32#10 ( …

destroyed, exhausted, removed, wasted, gone; in compounds ˚-often to be translated “without.” It is mostly applied to the destruction of the passions (āsavā) & demerit (kamma). Khīṇā jāti “destroyed …

DN-a.i.225 & khīṇatā (f.) Dhp-a.iv.228, the fact of being destroyed.

…does wrong) Snp.676 = parihīnattha, in poverty Pv-a.220 (kicco = kiccho) 2. difficult to obtain, hard troublesome Dhp.182 (kiccho…

…diṭṭhi vicikicchā thīnaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ Dhs.1548 = Vb.341; Vism.683; mentioned at Pts.i.130
■ These with…

adjective noun only in neg. sentences: something, anything From the freq. context in the older texts it has assumed the moral implication of something that sticks or adheres to the character of a man, …

…diṭṭhi vicikicchā thīnaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ Dhs.1548 = Vb.341; Vism.683; mentioned at Pts.i.130
■ These with…

adjective born of (good) family (cp. kulaja); as-˚, belonging to the family of… DN.i.89; DN-a.i.252; Mil.256
■ khīṇa-kolañña (adj.) one who has come down in the world Vin.i.86.

fr. kula

1. bad doing, misconduct, bad character. Def. kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ tassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ Vism.470 & Bdhd 24
   ■ Various explanations in Nd ii.on Snp.1106 = Dhs.1160, in its literal sense it is b …

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

1. the kusa grass (Poa cynosuroides) Dhp-a.iii.484: tikhiṇadhāraṃ tiṇaṃ antamaso tālapaṇṇam pi; Dhp.311; Ja.i.190 (= tiṇa); Ja.iv.140.
2. a blade of grass used as a mark or a lot: pātite kuse “when t …

…Often combined with hīnaviriya, devoid of zeal; Iti.27, Iti.116; Dhp.7, Dhp.112, Dhp.280; Mil.300, Mil.396. Also…

1. bent, lame; blunt (of a sword) Dhp-a.i.311 (˚kuddāla); Pp AN.i.34 (of asi, opp tikkhina); ˚tiṇa a kind of grass Vism.353.
2. a cripple Ja.ii.117.

cp. kuṇa and kuṇḍa

…w. rata & giddha Pv-a.3; pahīna MN.iii.295; gathita mucchita MN.i.173; mā te kāmaguṇe bhamassu cittaṃ “Let not thy heart roam in the…

…Snp-a.464); Vin.iv.7 (two: hīna & ukkaṭṭha); Ja.i.18; Ja.iv.114 (gihi˚), Ja.iv.130; Mil.133 (sāsana˚), Mil.162 (dve samaṇassa lingāni),…

…thika, thīna, thīya and theva dripping with honey, full of honey Ja.iii.493 (so read for madh-atthika); Ja.vi.529 (=…

adjective (-˚) lying or being in the midst of…, in pācīna-yava˚ (dakkhiṇa˚, pacchima˚ uttara˚) nigama, a market-place lying in the midst of the eastern corn-fields (the southern etc.): designation …

…viz.

1. of degree: hīna- m -paṇīta DN.iii.215 (tisso dhātuyo); Dhs.1205, Dhs.1027 (dhammā); Vism.11…

…Vin.iv.308 (kasāvaṭa m. nihīnajacca); Ja.iii.452; Ja.iv.365.

Vedic mala, see etym. under malina. The Dhtm (395) only knows of one root mal or…

…only late in use Vb.2 (hīna˚ paṇīta˚, doubtful reading); Sdhp.55; Mhvs.25, Mhvs.55 (tassā matena according to her opinion); Mhvs.25,…

…at Vism.262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid or gelatine); Vism.361 Vb-a.66, Vb-a.225, Vb-a.245, Vb-a.249.

*…

wisdom, intelligence, sagacity Nd i.s. v. (m. vuccati paññā); Pp.25; Dhs.16; Dhs-a.148; Pv-a.40 (= paññā)
■ adj. sumedha wise clever, intelligent Snp.177; opp. dum˚; stupid …

…Sdhp.459
■ See thīna.

orig. pp. perhaps to Vedic mid (?) to be fat = medh, as Dhs-a.378 gives “medhatī ti…

adjective torpid, drowsy, sluggish Dhp.325 (= thīnamiddh’ âbhibhūta Dhp-a.iv.16).

fr. middha

…(may be taken to no. 1) [pahīna] ucchinna-mūla tālâvatthukata etc. with ref. to the origin of saṃsāra, e.g. at SN.ii.62, SN.ii.88…

…(id.) Dhp.150 (aṭṭhīnaṃ); Snp.414 Snp.1013 (Bhoga˚); Ja.i.3, Ja.i.50 (Kapilavatthu˚); Ja.ii.5; Ja.iii.188 Ja.vi.368 etc.; Pp.56;…

…rebirth (tīsu bhavesu parikkhīnataṇha Dhp-a.iv.192 = Snp-a.469 SN.i.2 SN.i.53 Snp.175 Snp.637 = Dhp.413;

• - mukhī (adj. f.)…

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

to discriminate, consider, investigate, ascertain; pot. niccheyya Snp.785 (explained by nicchinitvā vinicchinitvā etc. Mnd.76) Dhp.256 (gloss K vinicchaye)
pp nicchita.

Sk. …

adjective determined, convinced Mhvs.7, Mhvs.19.

Sk. niścita, nis + cita, see nicchināti

…Cnd.347 (= vanta & pahīna); Ja.vi.218 (of hair Com. explains siniddharutā, variant reading BB siniddha-anta thus meant for Sk….

…-sevin of vile pursuit AN.i.126.

Sk. nihīna, pp. of nihīyati or nihāyati

lowness, inferiority; vileness, baseness DN.i.98, DN.i.99.

abstr. to nihīna

…come to ruin, to be destroyed AN.i.126 = Ja.iii.324 (= vināsaṃ pāpuṇāti). pp. nihīna (q.v.).

ni + hīyati, Pass. of…

adjective having or being lost Ja.vi.499 (˚patta without wings, deprived of its wings).

nis + khīṇa

adjective liable to destruction, able to be destroyed, in dun˚; hard to destroy Ja.iv.449 (= dun-nikkaḍḍhiya Com.); also to be read (variant reading) at Thag.72 for dunnikkhama. Cp. nikhīṇa.

Sk. \ …

…+…

1. a serpent or Nāga demon, playing a prominent part in Buddh. fairy-tales, gifted with miraculous powers & great strength. They often act as fairies are classed with other divinities (see *[devatā]( …

…at Vin.iv.6 (two kinds: hīna & ukkatṭha˚) and at Vism.528 (= namanalakkhaṇa) 2. Specified. nāma as metaphysical term is opposed to…

…(abhijjhā-)vyāpāda, thīna-middha, uddhaccakukkucca vicikicchā* i.e. sensuality, ill-will, torpor of mind or body, worry, wavering (cp….

putting down, fixing, i.e. boundary, limit, extent Dhp-a.ii.80 (jaṇṇu-mattena odhinā to the extent of the knee, i.e. kneedeep); Dhp-a.iv.204 (id.)
■ odhiso (adv.) limited, spe …

adjective separated from the troop or crowd, standing alone, Vin.i.80; Ja.iv.432 = (gaṇaṃ ohīna C.).

Vedic ogaṇa with dial. o for ava

having left behind Ja.iv.432 (gaṇaṃ).

pp. of ojahāti

…(= chaḍḍetvā C.); Pv-a.93 (maṃ). Pass. avahīyati & ohīyati;, pp. ohīna (q.v.)
■ See also…

adjective below, inferior, posterior. Usually as nt. oraṃ the below, the near side, this world Snp.15; Vv-a.42 (orato abl. from this side)
■ Cases adverbially: acc. *[oraṃ](/defin …

process to be carried out with the kaṭhina robes. The meaning is obscure Vin.i.254. See the note at Vin. Texts ii.154; Vin.i.254 is not clear (see expl^n. by C. on p. 388). The vv.ll. are …

Pa˚

indeclinable directional prefix of forward motion, in applied sense often emphasising the action as carried on in a marked degree or even beyond its mark (cp. Ger. ver-in its function of Goth. f …

1. to burst open, broken (like a flower or fruit), flowing with juice; usually applied to an elephant in rut, mad, furious MN.i.236 (hatthi˚); Dhp.326 (hatthi˚ = mattahatthi Dhp-a.iv.24) Thag.77; Ja. …

adjective recent, new, beautiful, quite costly Vin.i.4; Ja.i.80; Ja.ii.435; Pv.ii.3#16 (= abhinava mahaggha vā Pv-a.87); Pv.iii.10#5 (= abhinava Pv-a.214); Dāvs v.25; Pv-a.44.

paṭi + aggha, cp. S …

adjective each one, single, by oneself, separate, various several DN.i.49 (itthi); DN.ii.261 (˚vasavattin, of the 10 issaras); SN.i.26 (˚gāthā a stanza each), SN.i.146 (˚brahma an independent Brahma); …

adjective

1. “to the right,” in phrase padakkhiṇaṃ karoti (with acc. of object) to hold (a person, etc.) to one’s right side, i.e. to go round so as to keep the right side turned to a person, a mod …

same as pahiṇa in -gamana going on errands Ja.ii.82.

paheṇa?

present Ja.vi.369 (so here, whereas the same word as pahiṇaka at AN.iii.76 clearly means “sweetmeat”).

cp. BSk. praheṇaka in sense of “sweetmeat” at Divy.13, Divy.258; the *Sk. …

Pahita¹

resolute, intent, energetic; only in cpd. pahitatta of resolute will (cp. BSk. prahitātman Divy.37) MN.i.114; SN.i.53 (explained by bdhgh with wrong derivation fr. peseti as “pesit …

adjective noun sending; being sent; a messenger, in -gamaṇa going as messenger, doing messages DN.i.5; MN.i.345; Ja.ii.82; Mil.370; DN-a.i.78 See also pahana.

fr. pa + hi

sweetmeat AN.iii.76 (variant reading pahenaka). See also paheṇaka. The (late) Sk. form is prahelaka.

fr. pahiṇati?

sending, dispatch Dhp-a.ii.243.

fr. pahiṇati

to send; Pres. pahiṇati. Vin.iii.140 sq.; Vin.iv.18; Dhp-a.ii.243; aor. pahiṇi Ja.i.60 (sāsanaṃ); Ja.v.458 (paṇṇāni); Vv-a.67; Dhp-a.i.72 Dhp-a.ii.56, Dhp-a.ii.243; ger. *pahi …

given up, abandoned, left, eliminated Vin.iii.97 = Vin.iv.27; SN.ii.24; SN.iii.33; SN.iv.305; Snp.351 (˚jāti-maraṇa), Snp.370, Snp.564, Snp.1132 (˚mala-moha) Iti.32; Cnd. s.v.; Pts.i.63; Pts.ii.244; …

…fut pajahissati SN.ii.226
grd pahātabba MN.i.7; Snp.558; Vv-a.73, & pajahitabba
pp pahīna (q.v.)
pass…

…Dhp.166; Cnd.26. -ādhīna dependent on others DN.i.72 (= paresu adhīno parass’ eva ruciyā pavattati DN-a.i.212); Ja.vi.99; Thag-a.15…

…mode of life Dhp-a.i.382 (gihīnaṃ ˚ṭṭhānaṃ, variant reading for vicaraṇa˚). 2. attending to, looking after, worshipping Dhp-a.i.199…

1. to take care of, to attend to (acc.), shelter, protect, keep up, preserve, look after Vin.i.42 Vin.ii.188; DN.ii.100 (sanghaṃ); DN.ii.14 (gabbhaṃ kucchinā) MN.i.124, MN.i.459; SN.iii.1; AN.iii.123; …

…(˚hāyeyyuṃ)
pp parihīna, Pass. parihiyyati, Caus. parihāpeti…

…Mnd.166, Mnd.289; Mil.249, Mil.281 (a˚); Pv-a.220 (= nihīna).

pp. of parihāyati

adjective one who has fallen short of, neglected in, done out of (abl. or instr.) DN.i.103.

parihīna + ka

to go to ruin, to be wasted or exhausted Thig.347 (= parikkhayaṃ gacchati Thag-a.242)
pp parikkhīṇa (q.v.).

pari + khīyati of kṣi²

exhausted, wasted, decayed, extinct Vin.iv.258; MN.iii.80; SN.i.92; SN.ii.24 SN.v.145, SN.v.461; DN.iii.97, DN.iii.133 (˚bhava-saṃyojana); Iti.79 (id.); AN.iv.418, AN.iv.434 (āsavā); Snp.175, Snp.639 …

the fact of being exhausted, exhaustion, extinction, destruction DN-a.i.128 (jīvitassa); Pv-a.63 (kammassa), Pv-a.148 (id.).

abstr. of parikkhīṇa

“complete Nibbāna” in two meanings:

1. complete extinction of khandhalife; i.e. all possibility of such life & its rebirth, final release from (the misery of) rebirth and transmigration death (after …

adjective

1. “staying,” i.e. usual, accustomed, common Snp-a.35 (˚bhatta; or is it “fermented,” and thus to be taken to No. 3?) a˚ unusual, new, uncommon Ja.ii.435 (where it is combined with *[abhin …

…MN.i.18, Kvu xiv.6 (thīnamiddha˚), MN.i.136; AN.i.66 (˚ajjhosāna); AN.v.198 (adhiṭṭhāna-˚samuṭṭhāna) Nd ii.under…

1. (Pass. exhausted, finished, put an end to, consummated Vin.i.25 (tejo); DN.ii.8 = MN.iii.118; SN.ii.133 sq. (dukkhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ +); SN.v.461 sq
   ■ neg. apariyādinna not finished, not exhaus …

“taking up completely,” i.e. using up, consummation, consumption finishing, end MN.i.487 (kaṭṭha˚, opp. to upādāna) SN.i.152; SN.iii.16 sq. (cetaso p., cp. pariyādāya & ˚dinna), SN.iv.33 (sabb’ upādān …

…Cnd.422#a; explained as “hīna-ppaṇītaṃ” Snp-a.607)
■ Note. Already in RV we find para contrasted with avara…

…of sthyā, see thīna. Ought to be paṭitthīyati; but was by popular analogy with patiṭṭhāya changed to…

…at Vin.i.286 (= atirajitattā thaddha Bdhgh on p. 391); Vism.361 (= thīna p. Vism262); Vb-a.67 (˚sneha).

pa + thīna

Patti¹

on foot, one who is on foot, a foot-soldier Vin.iv.105 (as one of the 4 constituents of a senā or army, viz. hatthī elephants, assā horses, rathā chariots, pattī …

…SN.iv.94; Dhp.76 (nidhīnaṃ p. = ācikkhitar Dhp-a.ii.107).

n. ag. of either pa + vac or pa + vṛt, the latter more probable…

…Dhs-a.165; Vv-a.60.

• -hīna deficient in exertion or application Mil.288.

Vedic prayoga, fr. pa + yuj, see…

…above 3), in phrase vippahīna free from the 5 sins DN.iii.269; Cnd.284 C; cp. BSk. pañcānga-viprahīna. Epithet of the…

adjective fivefold, consisting of five Ja.i.116 (˚kammaṭṭhāna); Dhs. chapters 167–⁠175 (˚naya fivefold system of jhāna, cp. Dhs. translation 52); Snp-a.318 (˚nipāta of Anguttara)
■ nt. pañcakaṃ …

…atuḷa (Pv-a.110) opp. hīna (DN.iii.215; AN.iii.349; AN.v.140; Vism.11) lūkha (SN.ii.153; Vv-a.64)
■ DN.i.12 (dhammā gambhīrā……

1. a leaf (esp. betel leaf) Vin.i.201 (5 kinds of leaves recommended for medicinal purposes, viz. nimba˚; Azadirachta Indica kuṭaja˚; Wrightia antidysenterica, paṭola˚; Trichosanthes dioeca, *su …

indeclinable directional prefix in well-defined meaning of “back (to), against towards, in opposition to, opposite.” As preposition (with acc. and usually postponed) towards, near by, at usually …

in ˚gataṃ sallaṃ at Ja.vi.78 to be explained not with C. as from paṭi + camati (cam to wash, cp. ācamati) which does not agree with the actual meaning, but according to Kern, Toev. ii.29, s. v. as …

to blame, reject, revile, scorn Vin.i.115; Vin.ii.93; MN.iii.29; DN.i.53 (= paṭibāhati DN-a.i.160); SN.iv.118 (+ apavadati); Snp.878; Dhp.164; Ja.iv.163; Mil.131, Mil.256; Dhp-a.iii.194 (opp. abhin …

…AN.iv.449; Snp.810 Snp.852; Mnd.130, Mnd.224 (rāgassa etc. pahīnattā patilīno).

pp. of paṭilīyati

…purgative DN.i.12 osadhīnaṃ p. explained at DN-a.i.98 as “khārâdīni datvā tad-anurūpo khaṇe gate tesaṃ apanayanaṃ.” Cp…

…Vin.iii.95 Vin.iv.27, Vin.iv.137; MN.i.37; SN.ii.283; AN.ii.41; Iti.49; Mnd.430 Mnd.431 (vanta pahīna p.); Pv-a.256.

pp. of paṭinissajjati,…

to send back (in return) Dhp-a.i.216.

paṭi + pahinati

to try or judge a case again, to reconsider Ja.ii.187.

paṭi + vinicchinati

1. sent out or forth Snp.412 (rājadūta p.) Vv.21#7 (= uyyojita Vv-a.108); Dhp-a.iii.191 pesit-atta is the C. explⁿ at SN.i.53 (as given at K.S. 320) of pahit-atta (translation “ …

dead, departed, the departed spirit. The Buddhistic peta represents the Vedic pitaraḥ (manes, cp. pitṛyajña), as well as the Brāhmaṇic preta. The first are souls of the “fathers, …

touched, affected by, influenced by; in specific sense (cp. phusati¹ 2) “thrilled, permeated” Vin.i.200 (ābādhena); AN.ii.174 (rogena) Ja.i.82 (mettacittena, variant reading puṭṭha); Ja.v.4 …

small stick skewer Vin.ii.116, cp. Bdhgh on p. 317: “daṇḍakathina-ppamāṇena kaṭasārakassa pariyante paṭisaṃharitvā duguṇa-karaṇa.” See also Vin Texts iii.94.

etym.? Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. s …

…viz.

1. phrase hīna gamma p. anariya Vin.i.10; SN.iv.330; AN.v.216
2. with ref. to iddhi Vin.ii.183; Ja.i.360;…

…AN.v.247, AN.v.281; hīna majjhima paṇīta SN.ii.154
■ Groups of characters: 2 AN.i.76, AN.i.87 3 gilān’ ûpama etc. AN.i.121…

to send Ja.i.447; Mil.8; Pv-a.133.

secondary form. after aor. pāhesi fr. pahiṇati

…pāṭhīna Manu 5, 16; Halāyudha 3,…

adjective belonging to one’s equal MN.iii.254 sq. (dakkhiṇā).

fr. paṭipuggala

adjective of the nature of rajas, i.e. leading to lust, apt to rouse excitement, enticing lustful.

1. As epithet of rūpa (vedanā saññā etc.) SN.iii.79; also at DN.i.152 sq. (dibbāni …

…“yassa pesuññaṃ pahīnaṃ” etc.)

• -muṭṭhi an empty fist (˚sadisa: comparing someone as regards…

…Ja.iii.492
■ gen. sakhīnaṃ Ja.iii.492; Ja.iv.42; & sakhānaṃ Ja.ii.228. In compound with bhū as *sakhi˚ &…

kind of hawk (lit. “bird-killer”) SN.v.146; Ja.ii.59; Mil.365. Cp vyagghīnasa.

sakuṇa + ˚ghi, f. of ˚gha

hemmed Vin.i.255 (kaṭhina).

sa + maṇḍala + kata

Satti¹

feminine ability, power Dhtp.508 Usually in phrase yathā satti as much as one can do according to one’s ability Cp.i.10#6; Dhp-a.i.399; or yathā sattiṃ DN.i.102, or *y. sattiyā …

Vin.i.255 (of the kaṭhina, with samaṇḍalīkata “hemmed”). Also in cpd. -patta “with leaves destroyed” is Nd ii.reading at Snp.44 (where T. ed. & Snp-a.91 read; saṃsīna), as wel …

…however is explained as “thīna-middh’ ânugata”); SN.ii.122; SN.v.263; DN.ii.299; MN.i.59. 3. contracted, thin, slender: -majjhā of…

agreed on, reckoned; (-˚) so-called, named DN.i.163 (akusala˚ dhammā); DN.iii.65 DN.iii.133 = Vin.iii.46 (theyya˚ what is called theft); DN-a.i.313 (the sambodhi, by which is meant that of the thre …

…Dhs-a.335); Vism.262 (thīna˚ = meda; vilīna˚ = vasā) 2. fat Ja.ii.44 (bahu˚); Vb-a.67. 3. affection, love desire, lust Ja.i.190;…

…Ja.ii.243 some sippas are hīna, others ukkaṭṭha Vin.iv.6 sq. Vb-a.410. asippa untaught, unqualified Ja.iv.177 Ja.vi.228 = asippin Mil.250 …

…Dhs-a.335); Vism.262 (thīna˚ = meda; vilīna˚ = vasā) 2. fat Ja.ii.44 (bahu˚); Vb-a.67. 3. affection, love desire, lust Ja.i.190;…

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

well-being, safety, bless ing AN.iii.38 = AN.iv.266 (“brings future happiness”) Ja.i.335; s. hotu hail! DN.i.96; sotthiṃ in safety, safely Dhp.219 (= anupaddavena Dhp-a.iii.293); Pv.iv.6#4 (= niru …

…Thig.352; Thag-a.242. -vihīna thoroughly bereft Ja.i.144. -vuṭṭhikā abundance of rain…

purity, purification, genuineness, sterling quality DN.i.54; MN.i.80; MN.ii.132, MN.ii.147; SN.i.166, SN.i.169 SN.i.182; SN.iv.372; Thig.293; Dhp-a.iii.158 (variant reading visuddhi) Vv-a.60 (payoga …

spirituous (intoxicating) liquor (“drink”) Vin.ii.295; Vin.ii.301; Vin.iv.110; DN.i.146; AN.i.212 AN.i.295; Iti.63; Ja.i.199, Ja.i.252 (tikhiṇaṃ suraṃ yojetvā mixing a sharp drink); Dhp-a.ii.9; Dhp.2 …

large (covered & enclosed) hall large room, house; shed, stable etc., as seen fr. foll examples: aggi˚; a hall with a fire Vin.i.25, Vin.i.49 = Vin.ii.210 āsana˚; hall with seats Dhp-a.ii.65; *ud …

adjective

1. trembling, frightened Ja.i.336 = Ja.i.344 (vakā, expl. at Ja.i.342 by tasita); perhaps the derived meaning of:
2. moving, running (cp. to meaning 1 & 2 Gr.; τρέω to flee & to tremble), a …

(lit.) drought, thirst; (fig.) craving, hunger for, excitement the fever of unsatisfied longing (c. loc.: kabaḷinkāre āhāre “thirst” for solid food SN.ii.101 sq.; cīvare piṇḍapāte taṇhā = greed for Sn …

to be sharp or to make sharp, to prick, to incite, etc
■ See tikkha, tikhiṇa, tiṇha, titikkhati tittaka, teja, etc.

Vedic tejate from tij (*stij) = Lat. in-stīgo (to spur), Gr. στίζω, στικτός, …

…of honey).

see etym. under thīna, with which cp. in meaning from same root Gr. στοιβή & Lat. stīria, both drop. Cp. also thika. Not with…

…to congeal, form a (solid) mass; see cognates under thīna & cp. theva

…Snp-a.18; Pv-a.168.

for etymology see under thīna

…Ags. steor (bull = strong, bulky) Ohg. stūri (strong). From sthā: see thīna, cp. thūṇā To ūl: ull cp. cūḷa: culla

…(niddaṃ tandiṃ sahe thīnaṃ pamādena na saṃvase), Snp.1106; Vb.352 (= Cnd.290 as explⁿ of līnatta); Vism.262 (˚sineha…

thīyitatta (nt.) = thīna, in exegesis at Cnd.290≈(see thīna) Vb.352.

abstr. formations from thīna

…Ags. steor (bull = strong, bulky) Ohg. stūri (strong). From sthā: see thīna, cp. thūṇā To ūl: ull cp. cūḷa: culla

…fast, as in thambha, thīna, etc. Nearest relation is thāvara (= thūrā, on r: ṇ = l (thūla): n see tūṇī). Cp….

…or = stim to be motionless, cp. styā under thīna.

adjective pointed, sharp pungent, acrid; fig. “sharp,” clever, cunning, acute (in this meaning only in contr. form tikkha) Ja.v.264; Dhp-a.ii.9; Dhp-a.iv.13; Pv-a.152, Pv-a.221 (= tippa). (ati-ti …

adjective sharp, clever, acute, quick (only fig. of the mind), in tikkh-indriya (opp. mud-indriya Cnd.235#3p = Pts.i.121 = Pts.ii.195; & tikkha-paññatā AN.i.45.

= tikhiṇa

adverb three times (cp. tayo II. C 2), esp. in phrase vanditvā t. padakkhiṇaṃ katvā “having performed the reverent parting salutation 3 times” Vv-a.173, Vv-a.219; t. sāvesi he announced it 3 times J …

…to become stiff, cp. timi, thīna and in meaning mucchati. The root tam occurs in same meaning in cpd. nitammati (q.v. = Sk. nitāmyati) at…

…to become stiff, cp. timi, thīna and in meaning mucchati. The root tam occurs in same meaning in cpd. nitammati (q.v. = Sk. nitāmyati) at…

adjective piercing, sharp acute, fierce; always & only with ref. to pains, esp pains suffered in Niraya. In full combinations sarīrikā vedanā dukkhā tippā kharā MN.i.10; AN.ii.116, AN.ii.143, AN.ii.15 …

to bear, endure, stand SN.i.221; Snp.623; Dhp.321 = Cnd.475 B⁷; Dhp.399 (titikkhissaṃ = sahissāmi Dhp-a.iv.3) Ja.v.81, Ja.v.368.

Sk. titikṣate, Desid. of tij, cp. tijo & tikhiṇa.

sharp (of swords, axes, knives, etc.) DN.i.56 (sattha); SN.iv.160, SN.iv.167 (kuṭhārī); AN.iv.171; Snp.667 (˚dhāra), Snp.673 (asipattavana); Ja.i.253; Sdhp.381.

see tikhiṇa

…paṭi + sthyā (see thīna), and should be written paṭi-tthīyati. See under patiṭṭhīyati. See also ṭhāna &…

…Nd ii.freq. (see under pahīna); tālāvatthukatā at Vin.iii.3
■ In other combination tālāvatthu bhavati (to be pulled…

…in tāmatamadasangha-suppahīna Thag.310, an epithet of frogs which perhaps (with Kern,

Toevoegselen

ii.88) is to be read as…

drawn out, pulled out, brought out, thrown out or up withdrawn Vin.i.256 (kaṭhina, cp. uddhāra & ubbhāra), Vin.iii.196 (id.); DN.i.77 (cp uddharati); MN.i.383 (ubbhatehi akkhihi); Dhp.34 (okamokata u. …

adjective

1. standing on end (lit. with raised point). bristling, of the hair of a Mahāpurisa DN.ii.18 = DN.iii.144, DN.iii.154.
2. prominent, conspicuous Ja.iv.345 (˚rājin having prominent stripes, …

…opp. to hīna in phrase hīna-m-ukkaṭṭha-majjhime Vin.iv.7; Ja.i.20 (verse 129), Ja.i.22 (verse 143); Ja.iii.218 (=…

superiority, eminence, exalted state Ja.iv.303 (opp. hīnatā).

abstr. fr. ukkaṭṭha

…MN.i.37 (+ catta, mutta & pahīna). Cp. BSk. vāntī-bhāva, syn with prahāna Avs.ii.188.

• -āda refuse-feeder, crow Ja.ii.439.
• -āsa…

(the Buddha’s or an Arahant’s) perfect selfconfidence (which is of 4 kinds), self-satisfaction, subject of confidence. The four are given in full at MN.i.71 sq. viz. highest knowledge, khīṇāsava stat …

1. form, way; rule, direction, disposition, method, motto Vism.278 (manasikāra˚, eightfold); Pv-a.78 (dāna˚ = dāna), Pv-a.126; Vv-a.82
   ■ instr. vidhinā in due form Mhvs.14 …

adjective left, given up, abandoned Sdhp.579.

pp. of vijahati

…Ja.vi.499 (eko v. = kilamissati C.)
pp vijahita & vihīna.

vi + jahati

one of the dogmatic terms of Buddhist teaching varying in meaning in diff. sections of the Canon. It is not always the positive to avijjā (which has quite a well-defined meaning f …

to go to ruin, to be destroyed, to be lost Ja.v.392 (fut. ˚īyissati)
pp vikkhīṇa.

vi + khīyati

totally destroyed, finished, gone Thig.22.

vi + khīṇa

adjective discerning Thag.551.

fr. vinicchināti

giving judgment. Ja.v.229

fr. vinicchināti

(-inati) & vinicchati to investigate, try; to judge, determine, decide Ja.v.229
fut vinicchissati Vin.iii.159;
ger vinicchinitvā Mnd.76
aor *[vinicchini](/defin …

discerned, decided, distinguished, detailed Vin.i.65 (su˚); Ja.v.65 (a˚); Snp-a.477; Sdhp.508.

pp. of vinicchināti

…be punished in purgatory: see under sotāpanna, & cp sym. term; khīna-niraya AN.iii.211.

fr. vi + nipāteti

given up, abandoned SN.i.99; AN.v.16, AN.v.29 sq.; Snp.360, Snp.362.

pp. of vippajahati

…ger. -pahāya Snp.367, Snp.499, Snp.514; Ja.i.87
pp vippahīna.

vi + pajahati

…given up effort Ja.i.110; hīna˚; lacking in energy Iti.34 (here as vīriya, in metre)
■ v. is one of the indriyas, the balas & the;…

…(dosa); Ja.iii.404 (= pahīna C.).

pp. of virājeti

Virājita²

shining out, resplendent Ja.ii.33 (mora……

brightness, splendour, excellency; (ethically) purity, holiness, sanctification virtue, rectitude Vin.i.105 (visuddho paramāya visuddhiyā); DN.i.53; DN.iii.214 (diṭṭhi˚, sīla˚), DN.iii.288; MN.i.147; …

…& vitthāyita*.

vi + styā: see under thīna

Vuṇhi˚

(& instr.; vuṇhinā) at Pgdp.13, Pgdp.15, Pgdp.19, Pgdp.35 must be meant for v-uṇha˚ (& v’uṇhena);, i.e. heat (see uṇha).

hawk SN.i.148 (as ˚nisa); Ja.vi.538. Another word for “hawk” is sakuṇagghi.

?

1. duty, occupation, activity Snp.158 (khīṇa of the Arahant: having no more duties, cp. vyappathi)
2. way of speaking, speech, utterance Snp.163, Snp.164 (contrasted to citta & kamma; cp. kāya, vācā, …

word, saying, speech; also as adj. (-˚) vaca speaking, of such a speech (e.g. duṭṭha˚ Pv.i.3#2, so to be read for dukkha˚)
■ DN.iii.69 sq., DN.iii.96 sq., DN.iii.171 sq. SN.iv.132 …

…Snp.827 (see [as adj. hīna˚](/define/as adj. hīna˚)); Dhp-a.iii.390; Vin.iv.1; Mhvs.4, Mhvs.42 (sutvā ubhinnaṃ vādaṃ). 4….

adjective

1. left, the left side (always opposed to dakkhiṇa) Ja.iv.407 (˚akkhi); Pv.iv.7#8 Mil.295 (˚gāhin left-handed); Pv-a.178 (˚passa left side). As “northern” at Ja.v.416. vāmaṃ karoti to u …

obstructed, hindered Ja.iv.264; restrained (sabbavāri) see vāri.

• -vata (so read for cārita˚) “having the habit of selfdenial” (translation) SN.i.28 (cp. K.S. …

1. a sharp knife, axe, hatchet, adze (often combined with pharasu) Ja.i.32, Ja.i.199; Ja.ii.274; Ja.iii.281 Ja.iv.344; Mil.383; Mil.413; Dhp-a.i.178 (tikhiṇā vāsiyā khaṇḍâkhaṇḍik …

wind. There exists a common distinction of winds into 2 groups: “internal and “external” winds, or the ajjhattikā vāyo-dhātu (wind category), and the bāhirā. They are discussed at Vb.84, quoted a …

Ya-kāra

1. the letter (or sound) y: Ja.i.430 (padasandhikara); Ja.iii.433 (vyañjana-sandhi-vasena gahita).
2. the letter (or syllable) ya: Ja.v.427 (nipāta-matta). It is referred to at Vin.iv.7 …

adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …

Buddhist monk Mhvs.5, Mhvs.37 (racchāgataṃ yatiṃ); Mhvs.25, Mhvs.4; Mhvs.30, Mhvs.26 (mattikā-dāyakaṃ yatiṃ); Mhvs.32, Mhvs.32 (khīṇāsavassa yatino) Dāvs iv.33 (yatī); Vism.79 (vikampeti Mārassa hada …

corn (in general), barley (in particular) Vin.iv.264; SN.iv.220; AN.iv.169.

-karaṇa the preparation of corn AN.iv.169. -kalāpī (or ˚inī) a sheaf of barley SN …

warrior, soldier, fighter, champion Vin.i.73 (yodhā yuddh’ âbhinandino… pabbajjaṃ yāciṃsu); Ja.i.180; Mil.293.

• -ājīva one who lives by battle or war, a soldier SN.iv.308 = AN.ii …

…and hīna- yāna. See also yānikata.

• -ugghata shaking or jolting of the carriage…

1. to announce, tell, point out, refer to
2. to dedicate (a gift, dakkhiṇaṃ or dānaṃ).

pres ind. ādisati DN.i.213 = AN.i.170 (tell or read one’s character); Snp.1112 (atītaṃ); Mn …

…apagata, C apagata parihīna), Ja.v.445 (loc. āvāsu, variant reading avāsu, C. āpadāsu), Ja.v.448 (āvāsu kiccesu; variant reading…

…Snp.344; Iti.71 (opp. hīna-viriya); Cnd.131; Pts.i.171; Thag-a.95. Cp viriyārambha; f. abstr. ˚viriyatā…

…deserving Ja.vi.164.

Āraha

neuter only in pl. gihīnaṃ ārahāni, things proper to laymen, DN.iii.163.

that which; flows (out or on to) outflow & influx.

1. spirit, the intoxicating extract or secretion of a tree or flower, O. C in Vin.iv.110 (four kinds); B. on DN.iii.182 (five kinds Dhs-a.48; Kp-a …

Āvatta¹

adjective gone away to, fallen back to, in phrase hīnāy’āvatta (see same phrase under āvattati MN.i.460; SN.ii.50; Ja.i.206.

pp. of āvattati

Āvatta²

neuter winding, …

adjective turning, in dakkhiṇ˚; turning to the right, dextrorsal DN.ii.18; cp. dakkhiṇâvatta at DN-a.i.259.

āvatta + ka

to turn round, come to, go back, go away to, turn to; only in phrase hīnāya āvattati to turn to “the low”, i.e. to give up orders & return to the world Vin.i.17; MN.i.460; SN.ii.231; SN.iv.191; Snp. …

…apagata, C apagata parihīna), Ja.v.445 (loc. āvāsu, variant reading avāsu, C. āpadāsu), Ja.v.448 (āvāsu kiccesu; variant reading…