indeclinable without, used as prep. (or post-position) with (usually) instr., e.g. Vin.ii.132 (vinā daṇḍena without a support); Pv-a.152 (purisehi vinā without men); or abl., e.g. Snp.589 (ñāti …

…4) Vism.251; Vb-a.234; Kp-a.45.

cp. Vedic vīṇā

noun adjective

1. (nt.) that which is not “vata” i.e. moral obligation, breaking of the moral obligation Snp.839 (asīlata +); Mnd.188 (variant reading SS abhabbata; expl^d. again as a-vat …

1. the foetus in the 1^st & 2^nd months after conception the 2^nd of the five prenatal stages of development, viz kalala, abbuda, pesi, ghana, pasākha Mnd.120; Mil.40 V …

the “special Dhamma,” i.e.

1. theory of the doctrine, the doctrine classified, the doctrine pure and simple (without any admixture of literary grace or of personalities, or of anecdotes, or of argume …

Only in praise abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavāreti, to offer having fetched up. MN.i.224; AN.v.350 AN.v.352; SN.iv.190, SN.v.53, SN.v.300. See note in Vinaya Texts ii.440.

ger. of abhiharati

higher discipline, the refinements of discipline or Vinaya; comb^d. with abhidhamma, e.g. DN.iii.267; MN.i.472; also with vinaya Vin.v.1 sg.

abhi + vinaya

adverb in that place, there; in another state of existence DN.i.4, DN.i.14, DN.i.184; Iti.99. Amulha-vinaya

pron. base amu + tra

Amūḷha-vinaya

“acquittal on the ground of restored sanity” (Childers) Vin.i.325 (ix.6, 2); Vin.ii.81 (iv.5), Vin.ii.99 (iv.14, 27), Vin.iv.207, Vin.iv.351; MN.ii.248.

Ana-

negative prefix, contained in anappameyya, (Thag.1089), anamatagga & anabhava. See Vinaya Texts ii.113.

not to observe or notice Ja.v.339 (= anoloketi C.; variant reading anapaviṇāti).

an + upacināti

adjective following in one’s turn, successive, gradual, by and by, regular Vin.ii.237 (mahāsamuddo a˚-ninno etc.); DN.i.184; Snp.511; Ja.v.155 (regularly formed, of ūrū). Cases adverbially: *[anupubb …

adjective a tailoring term. Only at Vin.i.297. Rendered (Vinaya Texts ii.232) by ʻhalf and half’; that is a patchwork, half of new material half of old. Bdhgh’s note (see the text, p. 392) adds that …

1. [in meaning of Sk. apacīyate cp. P. upaciyyati Pass. of upacināti] to get rid of, do away with, (cp. apacaya), diminish, make less SN.iii.89 (opp. ācināti); Thag.807; Ja.iv.172 (apacineth’ eva kāmā …

…root veṇ (see Notes p. 781), but the vv.ll. to this passage (see MN.i.557) with apavīṇāti and apacinati confirm the reading apaciṇāti,…

see apaviṇāti (= apaciṇāti).

means of barring a door Vin.ii.154 (Bdhgh. explains on p. 321: apesī ti dīghadārumhi khāṇuke pavesetvā kaṇḍaka-sākhāhi vinandhitvā kataṃ dvāra-tthakanakaṃ).

? of uncertain origin

adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expl^d. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see *[a …

“going away” viz.

1. separation, loss Dhp.211 (piya˚ = viyoga Dhp-a.iii.276).
2. loss (of property) DN.iii.181, DN.iii.182; AN.ii.166; AN.iv.283; Ja.iii.387 (atth˚).
3. leakage, out flow (of water) …

adjective noun

1. (racial) Aryan DN.ii.87.
2. (social) noble, distinguished, of high birth.
3. (ethical) in accord with the customs and ideals of the Aryan clans, held in esteem by Aryans, gene …

1. (lit.) breathing, esp. breathing out (so Vism.272), exhalation, opp. to passāsa inhalation, with which often comb^d. or contrasted; thus as cpd. assāsa-passāsa mea …

to destroy, make perish, waste away Ja.vi.211 (= atigālayati vināseti C. p. 215). Perhaps reading should be atigāḷheti (see atigāḷhita.

ati + gāḷeti, Caus. of galati, cp. Sk. …

Attha¹

(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter

1. interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor. avākiri Vv.30#5 = Vv.48#5 (variant reading ˚kari; Vv-a …

adjective ignorant, foolish Snp.762 (= bāla Snp-a.509); Dhp.268 = Cnd.514 (= aviññū Dhp-a.iii.395); Pv-a.18 (so read for avindasu). Avinasaka (ika)

a + viddasu

Avināsaka (˚ika)

adjective not causing destruction AN.iii.38 (˚ika); Ja.v.116 (= anāsaka C.).

a + vināsa + ka

adjective imperishable Dpvs.iv.16.

a + vināsana

Avināsaka (˚ika)

adjective not causing destruction AN.iii.38 (˚ika); Ja.v.116 (= anāsaka C.).

a + vināsa + ka

adjective much, abundant, nt. abundance (˚-); full of, rich in, fig. given to, intent on, devoted to DN.ii.73; SN.i.199, SN.i.202; AN.iii.86 (pariyatti˚), AN.iii.432 (āloka˚); AN.iv.35; Iti.27, Iti.3 …

…Ja.v.74.

• -paṇḍu(-vīṇā) a yellow flute made of Vilva wood, representing a kind of magic flute which according to Snp-a.393 first…

…Ja.v.74.

• -paṇḍu(-vīṇā) a yellow flute made of Vilva wood, representing a kind of magic flute which according to Snp-a.393 first…

adjective having eaten, one who has had a meal nom. sg. bhuttāvī Vin.iv.82; Mil.15 (+ onīta-pattapāṇi); Pv-a.23 (+ pavārita); Snp-a.58; instr. bhuttāvinā Vin.iv.82; gen. d …

1. being, becoming, condition, nature; very rarely by itself (only in later & C. literature, as e.g. Ja.i.295 thīnaṃ bhāvo, perhaps best to be translated as “women’s character,” taking bhāva = attabhā …

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

to heap up, to collect, to accumulate
inf cinituṃ Vin.ii.152;
pp cita (q.v.).
pass cīyati Ja.v.7.
caus cināpeti to construct, to build Ja.vi.204; Mil.81 …

the cocoa-nut or banana, or cinnamon Ja.v.420 (˚vana); -pāna a sweet drink of banana or cocoa-nut milk Vin.i.246.

Both derivation & meaning uncertain. The word is certainly not Aryan. See the no …

the (upper) robe of a Buddhist mendicant C. is the first one of the set of 4 standard requisites of a wandering bhikkhu, vir. c˚, piṇḍapāta alms-bowl, *[senāsana](/define/senās …

Dahati¹

(dahate) to put, place; take for (acc or abl.), assume, claim, consider DN.i.92 (okkākaṃ pitāmahaṃ = ṭhapeti DN-a.i.258); SN.iii.113 (mittato daheyya) AN.iv.239 (cittaṃ d. fix the …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

(usually -˚, except at Mil.420) adjective bearing, wearing, keeping; holding in mind, knowing by heart. Freq. in phrase dhammadhara (knowing the Dhamma, q.v.), vinaya˚, mātik …

(& Dhūta)

1. shaken, moved Dāvs v.49 (vāta˚).
2. lit. “shaken off,” but always explained in the commentaries as “one who shakes off” either cvil dispositions (kilese), or obstacles to spiritual pro …

Ghaṭa¹

a hollow vessel, a bowl, vase, pitcher. Used for holding water, as well as for other purposes, which are given under pānīya˚ paribhojana vacca˚ at Vin.i.157 = Vin.i.352 = MN.i.207. …

…Vin.i.182 = AN.iii.375 (vīṇā) 3. of a bow, in aguṇa stringless Ja.v.433 (dhanu).

2. (a strand of a rope as) constituent part…

to stand fast, to be on firm ground, to have a firm footing: āpo ca paṭhavī ca tejo vāyo na gādhati “the four elements have no footing DN.i.223 = SN.i.15
■ Dhamma-Vinaye gādhati “to stand fast in t …

gāviyā (Pp.56 = AN.ii.207); nom. pl. gāviyo (Snp-a.323; Vv-a.308); gen. pl. gāvīnaṃ Dhp-a.i.396; Snp-a.323; Vv-a.308)
■ A cow Vin.i.193; AN.iv.418; Ja.i.50; Ud.8, Ud.49; Vism.525 (in simile) Dh …

Hanati¹ & hanti

1. to strike, to thresh SN.iv.201; Ja.iv.102
2. to kill DN.i.123; AN.iv.97 (asinā hanti attānaṃ); Snp.125; Dhp.405; maggaṃ˚; to slay travellers on the road Ja.i.274; Ja.ii …

…empty-handed Sdhp.309; vīṇā˚; lute in hand Mhvs.30, Mhvs.75. Cp. sa˚; with one’s own hand. 2. the hand as measure, a cubit Ja.i.34,…

…charm Dhp-a.i.163

• -kantavīṇā lute enticing an elephant Dhp-a.i.163.
• -kalabha the young of an elephant…

wish, longing, desire DN.ii.243; DN.iii.75; SN.i.40 (˚dhūpāyito loko), SN.i.44 (naraṃ parikassati) AN.ii.143; AN.iv.293 sq.; AN.iv.325 sq.; v.40, v.42 sq.; Snp.773 Snp.872; Dhp.74, Dhp.264 (˚lobha-sa …

to yawn, to arouse oneself, to rise, go forth (of a lion Ja.vi.40.

cp. Vedic jehate, Dhtp.208 & Dhtm.298 define; jambh as “gatta-vināma,” i.e. bending the body

Jāla¹

neuter a net; netting, entanglement (lit. or fig.): snare, deceptíon (= māyā)

A. Lit

Cnd.260 (= suttajāla, a plaiting of threads); Snp-a.115 Snp-a.263 (= suttamaya) DN. …

1. As adj. n.un
   1. born, grown, arisen, produced (= nibbatta pātubhūta Cnd.256) Snp.576 (jātānaṃ maccānaṃ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayaṃ); jātena maccena kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ Dhp.53 = Mil.333; yakkhinī …

…in descent Snp.600;

• -vīṇā a first-class lute Ja.ii.249;
• -sampanna endowed with (pure)…

diminished, wasted, deprived of (with acc. or abl.) having lost; with acc.: Ja.iii.153, Ja.iii.223, Ja.iii.335 Ja.v.99 (atthaṃ: robbed of their possessions; Com parihīna vinaṭṭha)
■ with abl.: Ja.v. …

Jīrati & Jīrayati

1. to destroy, bring to ruin, injure, hurt Vin.i.237 (jīrati); Ja.v.501 (variant reading BB for jarayetha, Com. vināseyya) = Ja.vi.375; Pv-a.57.
2. (cp. jīyati) to get old AN.iii.54 …

Jīrati & Jīrayati

1. to destroy, bring to ruin, injure, hurt Vin.i.237 (jīrati); Ja.v.501 (variant reading BB for jarayetha, Com. vināseyya) = Ja.vi.375; Pv-a.57.
2. (cp. jīyati) to get old AN.iii.54 …

Jīreti & Jīrāpeti

to work out, to digest Ja.i.238, Ja.i.274 (jīreti); Dhp-a.i.171. Appl to bhati, wages: bhatiṃ ajīrāpetva not working off the w. Ja.ii.309, Ja.ii.381; jīrāpeti …

Jīreti & Jīrāpeti

to work out, to digest Ja.i.238, Ja.i.274 (jīreti); Dhp-a.i.171. Appl to bhati, wages: bhatiṃ ajīrāpetva not working off the w. Ja.ii.309, Ja.ii.381; jīrāpeti …

Kacchā¹

feminine

1. enclosure denoting both the enclosing and the enclosed i.e. wall or room: see kacchantara.
2. an ornament for head & neck (of an elephant), ve …

the doing, deed, work orig. meaning (see karoti) either building (cp. Lit kùrti, Opr. kūra to build) or weaving, plaiting (still in mālākamma and latā˚ “the intertwining of garland …

…of manta Dhp-a.i.163 of vīṇā Ja.vi.255 Ja.vi.262 Dhp-a.i.163 2. beloved by, favourite of, charming Ja.vi.255, Ja.vi.262; Dhp-a.i.163. 3….

adjective noun anything made with a definite object in view, prepared, arranged; or that which is fit, suitable, proper. See also DN-a.i.103 & Kp-a.115 for var. meanings.

I. Literal Meaning # …

(& sometimes; kaṭa) done, worked, made. Extremely rare as v. trs. in the common meaning of E. make, Ger. machen, or Fr. faire (see the cognate kapp and jan, also uppajjati & viss …

(& -kattika) Name of a month (Oct
■ Nov.), during which the full moon is near the constellation of Pleiades It is the last month of the rainy season, terminating on the full moon day of Kattikā ( …

1. doubt, uncertainty SN.i.181; SN.iii.203 (dukkhe k. etc.; cp. Cnd.1); Snp.541, Snp.1149; ˚ṃ vinayati Snp.58, Snp.559, Snp.1025; k. pahīyati Pts.ii.62; combined with vimati: DN.i. …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) hard, firm, stiff Cp.ii.2; Dhs.44, Dhs.45 (where also der. f. abstr. akaṭhinatā absence of rigidity, combined with akakkhalatā, cp Dhs-a.151 akaṭhina-bhāva); Pv-a.152 (˚dā …

division, chapter, esp. in the Vinaya (at end of each division we find usually the postscript: so & so khandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ “here ends the chapter of…”); in cpd. -vatta, i.e. duties or observances …

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

anger. Nearest synonyms are āghāta (Dhs.1060 = Cnd.576 both expositions also of dosa), upanāha (always in chain rāga, dosa, moha, kodha, upanāha) and *[dhūma]( …

adjective usually in combination with upanāhin, e.g. Vin.ii.89; DN.iii.45, DN.iii.246; AN.v.156, cp. Snp.116; SN.ii.206 Pp.18
■ k˚ kodhābhibhūta AN.iv.94 sq.; k˚ kodhavinayassa na vaṇṇavādī AN.v.165 …

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

young boy, son Snp.685 sq. (kuhiṃ kumāro aham api daṭthukāmo: w. ref. to the child Gotama); Pv.iii.5#2; Pv-a.39, Pv-a.41 (= māṇava) daharo kumāro MN.ii.24, MN.ii.44
■ a son of (-˚) rāja˚ Pv-a.16 …

Name of one of the lost SS commentaries on the Vinaya, used by Buddhaghosa (cp. Vin. Texts i.258 ii.14).

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

to desire.

1. Objective: pleasantness, pleasure-giving, an object of sensual enjoyment.
2. Subjective: (a) enjoyment, pleasure on occasion of sense, (b) sense-desire.

Buddhist commentators exp …

desire, longing, with noun: viveka˚… to be alone Pv-a.43; anattha˚ Ja.iv.14 with inf. Pv-a.65 (gahetu˚); Ja.iii.362 (vināsetu˚) Mhvs.5, Mhvs.260; Dhp-a.i.91.

abstr. fr. kāma

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

to be broken up, to break (up), to be destroyed to go asunder, to fall apart AN.i.283 = Pp.32 (here equal to “be wiped out,” but it is unnecessary to assume as Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. lujjati doe …

to break, harm, injure; to attack plunder; with a strong touch of affection (sympathy or desire) lubh in it [cp. lup: Gr. λύπη; ruj: roga], which is still more evident in Intens. *[loluppa](/def …

1. crushing etc.; kneading, paste, in piṭṭha paste of flower Vin.ii.151; Ja.iii.226 (piṭṭhi˚).
2. [dialectical, cp. Sk. madra] Name of a country & its inhabitants, in -raṭṭha Sn …

…Dhp-a.iv.203.

• -vīṇā a great lute Vism.354; Vb-a.58.
• -vīra (great) hero Snp.543,…

Makkha¹

hypocrisy; usually combined with paḷāsa (see also palāsa MN.i.15; AN.i.95, AN.i.100, AN.i.299; AN.iv.148, AN.iv.456; AN.v.39, AN.v.156, AN.v.209 AN.v.310, AN. …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

to crush, destroy; only in Commentator’s fanciful etymological analysis of veramaṇī at Dhs-a.218 (veraṃ manāti (sic.) vināsetī ti v. and Kp-a.24 (veraṃ maṇātī ti v., veraṃ paja …

adjective intelligent, wise, often combined with paṇḍita & bahussuta;: DN.i.120; SN.iv.375; AN.iv.244; Vin.iv.10, Vin.iv.13, Vin.iv.141; Snp.323 (acc. medhāvinaṃ + bahussutaṃ), Snp.627, Snp.1008 (E …

swelling or rising in tone, increase of sound Ja.ii.249 (vīṇaṃ uttama-mucchanāya mucchetvā vādesi).

fr. mucchati 2

1. (spelt muccati) to become stiff, congeal, coagulate, curdle Dhp.71; Dhp-a.ii.67.
2. to become infatuated DN.iii.43 (majjati +)
3. only in Caus. muccheti to make sound, to i …

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

1. a water course Vism.554 (˚âtikkamaka); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.96; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.50; Snp-a.500 (= sobbha); Dhp-a.ii.141 (its purpose: “ito c’ ito ca udakaṃ haritvā attano sassa-kammaṃ sampādenti”); Vv-a. …

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

destruction, killing, rooting out Snp.1085 (taṇhā˚; Snp-a.576 = vināsana); Cnd.343 (variant reading nighātana).

Sk. nirghātana, nis + ghātana, but cp. nighāta

to be left, to come to ruin, to be destroyed AN.i.126 = Ja.iii.324 (= vināsaṃ pāpuṇāti). pp. nihīna (q.v.).

ni + hīyati, Pass. of hā, see jahāti

to destroy, annihilate, cause to cease or exist MN.i.93; Thig.431 (nijjaressāmi = jīrāpessāmi vināsessāmi Thag-a.269).

Sk. nir-jarayati; nis + jarati¹

adjective without egotism, not false, not slandering Snp.56 (cp Cnd.356 makkha = niṭṭhuriya; see also Snp-a.108; paraguṇa-vināsana-lakkhaṇo makkho).

nis + makkha, cp. Sk. nirmatsara

destruction, ruin, death Ja.i.5, Ja.i.256; Sdhp.58, Sdhp.319. Usually vi˚, also adj. vināsaka Cp. panassati.

Sk. nāśa, see nassati

Ogādha¹

adjective immersed, entered; firm, firmly footed or grounded in (-˚), spelt ogāḷha Mil.1 (abhidhamma-vinay˚). Cp. BSk. avagādhaśrāddha of deep faith Divy.268. …

Avakirati & okirati

1. to pour down on, to pour out over; aor. avakiri Pv-a.86; ger. ˚kiritvā Ja.v.144.
2. to cast out, reject, throw out; aor. avākiri Vv.30#5 = Vv.48#5 (variant reading ˚kari; Vv-a …

one who has gone out from home, one who has given up worldly life & undertaken the life of a bhikkhu recluse or ascetic, (one) ordained (as a Buddhist friar) gone forth (into the holy life or pabbajjā …

Padosa¹

defect, fault, blemish, badness, corruption, sin DN.i.71 (= padussati paraṃ vā padūseti vināsetī ti padoso DN-a.i.211); MN.iii.3; SN.iv.322 (vyāpāda˚); AN.i.8 (ceto˚); AN.iii.92 ( …

giving up, leaving, abandoning, rejection. MN.i.60 MN.iii.4, MN.iii.72 SN.i.13 SN.i.132 (dukkha˚); SN.ii.170; SN.iii.53; SN.iv.7 sq. DN.iii.225 DN.iii.246 AN.i.82 AN.i.134 AN.ii.26 AN.ii.232 (kaṇhassa …

to decay, dwindle or waste away, come to ruin; to decrease, fall away from, lack; to be inferior, deteriorate Vin.i.5; MN.iii.46 sq. (opp. abhivaḍḍhati); SN.i.120, SN.i.137; SN.iii.125; SN.iv.76 sq.; …

to mutter (spells), to practise divination Ja.iii.530; Mil.200 (vijjaṃ).

pari + japati, cp. BSk. parijapta enchanted Divy.397

1. surrounding, suite, retinue, followers, entourage, pomp Ja.i.151; Ja.iv.38; Ja.vi.75; Pv-a.21, Pv-a.30 (˚cāga-cetana, read pariccāga-cetana?); usually as adj.-˚ surrounded by, in company of …

Pariyatta¹

neuter learning understanding, comprehension, only in phrase indriyaparo pariyatta (-ñāṇa) (knowledge of) what goes on in the intentions of others AN.v.34, AN.v.38; Pts.i.121 …

1. “gone completely into,” included in, belonging to, got into Vin.i.46 (patta˚ that which has been put into the bowl); DN.i.45 (= ābaddha DN-a.i.127); Snp-a.397 (milakkhabhāsa˚ etc.); Kp-a.136 (vi …

1. to go to ruin Snp.91 (= parihāyati vinassati).
2. to win through, to surpass Thag.1144 (cp. trsl. 381⁴)

pp parābhūta (q.v.) See also *[parābhetvā](/define/parābhe …

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

to look up to, respect, honour Ja.iii.387 (T. reading sure, but variant reading C. pavīrati).

pa + vī to seek, Sk. veti, but with diff. formation in P. cp. Trenckner, Notes 78 (who derives it fr …

adjective clever, skilful Dāvs v.33; Vv-a.168 (variant reading kusala).

cp. Class. Sk. pravīṇa

…Ja.ii.285; Ja.iii.401. -vīṇā yellow flute (of Pañcasikha): see beluva
■ sīha yellow lion, one…

repression, subdual, only in cpd. āghāta˚; DN.iii.262, DN.iii.289; AN.iii.185 sq. See āghāta.

paṭi + vi + nī

1. thirst Cnd.443 (= udaka-pipāsā); Mil.318 Vb-a.196 (in comparison); Pv-a.23, Pv-a.33, Pv-a.67 sq.; Sdhp.288. Often combined with khudā (hunger) e.g. Snp.52 Snp.436 (khup˚); P …

to grind, crush, destroy; Pass. pisīyati to perish Vv-a.335 (+ vināseti)
pp pisita.

= piṃsati

1. a lump, ball, thick (& round mass SN.i.206 (aṭṭhīyaka˚); Pv.iii.5#5 (nonīta˚); Vv-a.62 (kummāsa˚), Vv-a.65; Sdhp.529 (ayo˚).
2. a lump of food esp. of alms, alms given as food SN.i.76; Snp.217, S …

1. basket Vin.i.225 (ghaṭa p. ucchanga), Vin.i.240 (catudoṇika p.); Pv.iv.3#33; Vism.28 (piṭake nikkhitta-loṇa-maccha-phāla-sadisaṃ phaṇaṃ); dhañña˚ a grain-basket Dhp-a.iii.370; vīhi˚; a ri …

man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso …

adjective requiring expiation, expiatory Vin.i.172, Vin.i.176; Vin.ii.242, Vin.ii.306 sq.; Vin.iv.1 sq., Vin.iv.258 sq.; AN.ii.242 (dhamma); Vism.22
■ It is also the name of one of the books of the …

Pātimokkha (pāti)˚

neuter a name given to a collection of various precepts contained in the Vinaya (forming the foundation of the Suttavibhanga, Vin vols. iii & iv. ed. Oldenberg), as they were recit …

…The conjecture is based on C. reading “rujaka = vīṇāvādaka.”

fr. ruj?

adjective all, entire Snp.672; Mil.3. occurs usually in oblique cases used adverbially, e.g. acc. samantaṃ completely Snp.442; abl. samantā (DN.i.222; Ja.ii.106; Vin.i.32) & *[s …

adjective face to face with, in presence; sammukhaciṇṇa a deed done in a person’s presence Ja.iii.27; sammukhā (abl.)

1. face to face before, from before DN.ii.155; Snp.p.79; Ja …

memory, recognition, consciousness, DN.i.180; DN.ii.292; Mil.77–Mil.80 intentness of mind, wakefulness of mind, mindfulness alertness, lucidity of mind, self-possession, conscience self-consciousnes …

restraint DN.i.57, DN.i.70, DN.i.89; DN.ii.281 (indriya˚); DN.iii.130, DN.iii.225; AN.ii.26; SN.iv.189 sq.; Iti.28, Iti.96 Iti.118; Pp.59; Snp.1034; Vin.ii.126, Vin.ii.192 (āyatiṃ saṃvarāya “for restr …

destruction, consumption, loss, end Vin.i.42; DN.ii.283; MN.i.152; SN.i.2, SN.i.124; SN.iv.391; Iti.38; Dhp.282 (= vināsa Dhp-a.iii.421), Dhp.331; Ja.ii.52 Ja.v.465; Mil.205, Mil.304.

saṃ + khaya

foreman of a guild, treasurer, banker, “City man”, wealthy merchant Vin.i.15 sq. Vin.i.271 sq.; Vin.ii.110 sq., Vin.ii.157; SN.i.89; Ja.i.122; Ja.ii.367 etc. Rājagaha˚ the merchant of Rājagaha Vin.ii. …

1. to learn, to train oneself (= ghaṭati vāyamati Vism.274) usually combined with the locative, thus sikkhā-padesu s. to train oneself in the Sikkhāpadas DN.i.63, DN.i.250; Vin.i.84; Iti.96, Iti.118; …

the flame of fire, later in sense of “burning grief” grief, sorrow, mourning; defined as “socanā socitattaṃ anto-soko… cetaso parijjhāyanā domanassaṃ” at Pts.i.38 = Mnd.128 = Cnd.694; shorter as “ñāt …

faring well, happy, having a happy life after death (gati): see under gata; cp. Vism.424 (s. sugati-gata). Freq. Epithet of the Buddha (see Dict. of Names).

• *-[aṅgula](/define/a …

Sutta¹

asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …

versed in the Suttantas. A suttantika bhikkhu is one who knows the Suttas (contrasted with vinayadhara who knows the rules of the Vinaya) Vin.ii.75 Cp. dhamma C1 & piṭaka
■ V …

Sādeti¹

to cause to sink, to throw down Dhp-a.i.75 (+ vināseti; variant reading pāteti).

Caus. of sad: see sīdati

Sādeti²

to enjoy: see *[ucchādeti](/ …

adjective being outside the Vinaya, ex-or un-Vinaya, wrong Vinaya Vin.ii.307; Dpvs.v.19.

ud + vinaya

adverb both, twofold, in both (or two) ways, on both sides usually ˚-, as -bhāgavimutta one who is emancipated in two ways DN.ii.71; Dialogues ii.70, n. 1; MN.i.477 (cp. MN.i.385 ˚vimaṭṭha); S …

group of Suttas, used throughout the Vinaya Piṭaka with ref. to each Khandhaka, in the Saṃyutta, the Anguttara and other books (cp. Mil.407) for each group of about ten Suttas (cp. Dhs-a.27). The U …

spiritual teacher or preceptor, master. Often comb^d. with ācariya e.g. Vin.i.119; Mnd.350; the ācariya being only the deputy or substitute of the upajjhāya. Vin.i.45, V …

the neck of a lute SN.iv.197; Mil.53.

upa + vīṇā

to speak, say, tell AN.iv.79; Snp.1037, Snp.1077 sq.; Pp.42; Pv-a.13, Pv-a.16, Pv-a.39;
pot 1^st sg. vade (so read for vado? MN.i.258; 3^rd sg. vadeyya Pv.i.3#3;
aor 3<s …

1. rain, shower Ja.iv.284; Ja.vi.486 (khaṇika sudden rain); Mil.307; Mhvs.21, Mhvs.31; Dhp-a.iii.163 (pokkhara˚ portentous); Snp-a.224 (mahā˚ deluge of rain); Pv-a.55 (vāta˚ wind & rain)
   ■ fig …

…With ref. to a kind of vīṇā at Vv-a.281. 2. (fig.) crooked, deceitful, dishonest Ja.iii.313 (of crows: kākānaṃ nāmaṃ C.);…

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

descended from Vinatā, epithet of a garuḷa Pts.ii.196; Ja.vi.260; Dāvs iv.45.

fr. vinata

Venayika¹

a nihilist. The Buddha was accused of being aN v. MN.i.140.

fr. vi 3 + naya

Venayika²

adjective versed in the Vinaya Vin.i.235; Vin.iii.3 (cp. Vin AN.i.135); MN.i. …

is grd. of *veti = vināti to weave (q.v.), thus “to be woven,” or what is left to be woven Ja.vi.26.
inf vetuṃ Vin.ii.150.

vi

1. power, wealth, prosperity DN-a.i.147; Ja.i.56; Ja.v.285; Mhvs.26, Mhvs.6; Dhp-a.i.6; Dhp-a.ii.9, Dhp-a.ii.84 Dhp-a.iv.7; Vv-a.5, Vv-a.302 (˚sampanna rich); Pv-a.122, Pv-a.130, Pv-a.176 Pv …

fallen to pieces, broken, destroyed MN.i.227; AN.ii.50; Snp.542; Ja.i.203; Ja.v.69, Ja.v.401; Vv.63#14 (= vinaṭṭha Vv-a.265).

pp. of viddhaṃsati

yawning (before rising) i.e. drowsiness, laziness, in ster. combination with arati tandī SN.i.7 (translation “the lanquid frame”); AN.i.3; Vb.352 Vism.33. As vijambhitā at SN.v.64; Ja.i.506 (here …

one of the dogmatic terms of Buddhist teaching varying in meaning in diff. sections of the Canon. It is not always the positive to avijjā (which has quite a well-defined meaning f …

to cry or shout out, to scold Ja.iii.147 (kāmaṃ vinadantu let them shout!). Cp. BSk. vinādita “reviled” Divy.540.

vi + nadati

covered, bound, intertwined Vin.i.194 (camma˚, onaddha +); Ja.v.416; Ja.vi.589 (kañcanalatā˚ bheri); Vism.1 (= jaṭita saṃsibbita).

pp. of vinandhati

tying, binding Vin.ii.116 (˚rajju rope for binding).

fr. vi + nandhati

to close, encircle, cover Mhvs.19, Mhvs.48; Vism.253 (ppr. vinandhamāna: so read for vinaddh˚)
pp vinaddha.

vi + nandhati

to be lost; to perish, to be destroyed SN.iv.309; MN.ii.108 (imper. vinassa “away with you”) Ja.iii.351; Ja.v.468; Pv.iii.4#5; Vism.427
pp vinaṭṭha Caus. *[vināseti](/define/vi …

bent, bending Pv-a.154 (˚sākhā).

pp. of vi + nam

1. driving out, abolishing destruction, removal Vin.i.3 (asmi-mānassa), Vin.i.235, Vin.iii.3 (akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ vinayāya dhammaṃ desemi); SN.i.40; Snp.921; AN.i.91 (kodha˚, upanāha˚), AN.ii.34 (pi …

1. removing, removal Mil.318 (pipāsā˚); Pv-a.39 (soka˚).
2. instruction, discipline setting an example Ja.v.457 (conversion); Mil.220.

fr. vi + nī

see vineti.

adjective lit. “having the reed or stem removed, rendered useless, destroyed MN.i.227; AN.ii.39; Snp.542 (= ucchinna Snp-a.435); Thag.216; Ja.vi.60 (viddhasta + as at Snp.542).

vi + naḷa + kata, …

destroyed Vv-a.265; Pv-a.55.

pp. of vinassati

1. to remove, put away, give up
   ppr vinayaṃ Ja.vi.499;
   pot 3^rd sg. vinayetha Snp.361, & vineyya Snp.590;
   imper vinaya Snp.1098; * …

1. discrimination, distinction, thought, (firm) opinion thorough knowledge of (-˚) AN.iii.354 (pāpakamma˚) Snp.327 (dhamma˚), Snp.838 (= dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhi-vinicchayā Mnd.186), Snp.867 (˚ṃ kūrute; cp. …

ruin, destruction; a place of suffering, state of punishment, syn. with apāya duggati; (with which often combined, plus niraya, e.g. Vin.i.227; DN.i.82, DN.i.162; MN.i.73; AN.iii …

Vināmana (nt.) bending Mil.352 (˚na); Vb-a.272 (kāya-vināmanā, bending the body for the purpose of getting up; in explⁿ of vijambhikā); Dhtp.208.

fr. vināmeti

to bend, twist Mil.107, Mil.118.

vi + nāmeti; Caus. of namati

destruction, ruin, loss DN.i.34 (+ uccheda & vibhava), DN.i.55; Pv.ii.7#10; Vism.427 (so read for vinasa); DN-a.i.120; Pv-a.102 (dhana˚), Pv-a.133. Vinasaka (ika)

vi + nāsa, of naś

Vināsaka (˚ika)

adjective causing ruin; only neg. a˚; not causing destruction AN.iii.38; AN.iv.266, AN.iv.270; Ja.v.116.

fr. vināsa

adjective only neg. a˚; imperishable Dpvs.iv.16.

fr. vināsa

1. to cause destruction, to destroy, ruin, spoil Thag.1027; Snp.106; Pv.ii.7#8 DN-a.i.211; Pv-a.3 (dhanaṃ), Pv-a.116; Sdhp.59, Sdhp.314, Sdhp.546.
2. to drive out of the country, to expel, banish J …

Vināsaka (˚ika)

adjective causing ruin; only neg. a˚; not causing destruction AN.iii.38; AN.iv.266, AN.iv.270; Ja.v.116.

fr. vināsa

to weave Ja.ii.302; Dhp-a.i.428 (tantaṃ);
inf vetuṃ Vin.ii.150.
pass viyyati. Cp. upavīyati
caus 2 vināpeti to order to be woven Vin.iii.259 (= v …

1. a leader, guide, instructor MN.ii.94; Vv.16#7 (= veneyya-satte vineti Vv-a.83); Thag-a.69.
2. a judge Ja.iii.336.

fr. vi + nī

gone wrong, having lost, failing in (-˚), opp. sampanna: AN.iii.19 (rukkho sākhā-palāsa a tree which has lost branches and leaves); Snp.116 (˚diṭṭhi one who has wrong views, he …

to go from home, to be away from (abl.), to be absent Snp.1138 (= apeti apagacchati vinā hoti Cnd.582); Ja.iv.51, Ja.iv.439
pp vippavuttha.

vi + pavasati

to become annoyed, to get angry (lit. to get heated): this meaning as translation of vi + pac, although not quite correct as pac means to “ripen” and is not ordinarily used of heated conditions …

1. to rip or tear open Vin.ii.115.
2. to be destroyed, to fall to pieces (cp. pāṭeti & Pass pāṭiyati in sense of “destroy”) Pv.iv.1#46 (sanghāṭiyo vipātayanti T.; vv.ll. vināsayati & vidālayati; Pv-a …

(vīṇā˚) lute-player Ja.vi.51 (= vīṇā-vādaka C.). See rujaka.

dispute, quarrel, contention DN.i.236; DN.iii.246; AN.iv.401; Snp.596, Snp.863, Snp.877, Snp.912; Mnd.103, Mnd.167 Mnd.173, Mnd.260, Mnd.307; Pp.19, Pp.22; Ud.67; Ja.i.165; Mil.413; Vv-a.131. There a …

to be woven Vin.iii.259
pp vīta².

Pass. of vāyati¹ or vināti. The Vedic is ūyate

adjective (-˚) speaking (of), saying, asserting, talking; professing, holding a view or doctrine; arguing. Abs. only at AN.ii.138 (cattāro vādī four kinds of disputants); Snp.382 (ye vā pi c’aññe vād …

Vāyati¹

to weave, only in pp. vāyita
pass viyyati Vin.iii.259. pp. also vīta
caus 2 vāyāpeti to cause to be woven Vin.iii.2 …

fanned Pv.iii.1#17 (˚anga). *Vinati

pp. of vījati

Vīta¹

adjective deprived of, free from, (being) without. In meaning and use cp. vigata˚. Very frequent as first part of a cpd., as e.g. the foll.:

• -accika without a flame, i.e. glo …

see viyyati.

Pass. of vināti

*Vīṇati

(?), doubtful: see apa˚ & pa˚. Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. wrong in treating it as a verb “to see.”

Ya˚

I. Forms

(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …

adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …

lit. “according to the majority,” i.e. a vote of majority of the Chapter; name of one of the adhikaraṇa-samathas, or means of settling a dispute
■ Vin.ii.84 (anujānāmi bh. adhikaraṇaṃ yebhuyyasik …

affliction, illness, disease Vin.iv.261; DN.i.72; DN.ii.13; AN.i.121; AN.iii.94, AN.iii.143; AN.iv.333, AN.iv.415 sq., AN.iv.440; Dhp.138; Pp.28 Vism.41 (udara-vāta˚) Vism.95; Vv-a.351 (an˚ safe & s …

anger, ill-will hatred, malice DN.i.3, DN.i.31; DN.iii.72 sq.; SN.i.179; Ja.i.113; Dhs.1060, Dhs.1231; Vb.167, Vb.362, Vb.389; Mil.136; Vism.306; DN-a.i.52; Vv-a.67; Pv-a.178. *-[anāghāta](/defin …

to wander about, to roam, to be on an errand, to be engaged in (w. acc.) Vin.i.203 (senāsana-cārikaṃ), Vin.i.217; Vin.ii.132 (na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ); Vin.iv.62; Ja.i.48 Ja.i.108, Ja.i.239 …

adjective (-˚) special peculiar, separate Vin.ii.204 (˚uposatha etc.); Ja.i.490 (˚sangha-kammāni).

according to Trenckner, Notes 75 fr. ā + vinā “Sine quā non”, but very doubtful

(& dahati) to burn (trs.) consume, torment MN.i.365; MN.ii.73 AN.v.110; Ja.ii.44 (aor. 3 sg. med. adaḍḍha = Sk. adagdha) Dhp.31, Dhp.71, Dhp.140; Mil.45, Mil.112 (cauterize). Pp. *[daḍḍha](/define/daḍ …