…depletion, deficiency Snp-a.463 (variant reading hānabhāva).

Vedic ūna; cp. Av. ūna, Gr. ε ̓ϋνις, Lat. vāpus, Goth. wans,…

to shake very much Vv.64#9 (= adhikaṃ uddhunāti Vv-a.278).

abhi + ud + dhunāti

struck, attacked, afflicted SN.i.40 (maccunā); Thag.448; Snp.581; Ja.vi.26 Ja.vi.440; Vism.31, Vism.232; DN-a.i.140, DN-a.i.147; Dhp-a.iv.25.

abhi + ā + hata, pp. of han

adjective impossible, not likely, unable DN.iii.13 sq., DN.iii.19 DN.iii.26 sq., DN.iii.133; Iti.106, Iti.117; Snp.231 (see Kp-a.189); Dhp.32; Ja.i.116; Pp.13.

• -ṭṭhāna a (moral) impossibility o …

Abhi-

I. Meaning

1. The primary meaning of abhi is that of taking possession and mastering, as contained in E. coming by and over-coming, thus literally having the function of facing …

…[Sk. avakirati, cp. apakiritūna] to overwhelm, destroy, put out, throw away, crush SN.i.54; Thag.598; Thag.2, Thag.447 (ger. ˚kiritūna, reading…

adjective (very) fortunate, lucky, anspicious, in ˚sammatā (of Visākhā) “benedicted” blessed Vin.iii.187 = Dhp-a.i.409. Opp. avamangala.

abhi + mangala

becoming, birth, rebirth, DN.i.229; DN.ii.283 (variant reading for abhinipphatti) SN.ii.65 (punabbhava˚), SN.ii.101 (id.); SN.iv.14, SN.iv.215; AN.v.121; Pv-a.35.

abhi + nibbatti

adjective very thorough, very clever DN.iii.167.

abhi + nipuṇa

Abhisambhavati (˚bhoti)

“to come up to”, i.e. to be able to (get or stand or overcome) to attain, reach, to bear AN.iv.241; Thag.436; Mnd.471 Mnd.485; Ja.iii.140; Ja.v.150, Ja.v.417; Ja.vi.292, Ja.vi …

Abhisambhavati (˚bhoti)

“to come up to”, i.e. to be able to (get or stand or overcome) to attain, reach, to bear AN.iv.241; Thag.436; Mnd.471 Mnd.485; Ja.iii.140; Ja.v.150, Ja.v.417; Ja.vi.292, Ja.vi …

to be able (to get or reach); only in neg ppr. anabhisambhuṇanto unable DN.i.101 (= asampāpuṇanto avisahamāno vā DN-a.i.268); Mnd.77, Mnd.312.

considered to be a bastard form of abhisambhavati, bu …

future lot, fate, state after death, future condition of rebirth; usually in foll phrases: kā gati ko abhisamparāyo (as hendiadys) ʻwhat fate in the world-to-come’, DN.ii.91; Vin.i.293; SN.iv.59 S …

to praise Ja.i.89; Ja.iii.531; Dāvs iii.23; Dhp-a.i.77; Pv-a.22; cp. abhitthunati.

abhi + thavati

to praise Ja.i.17 (aor abhitthuniṃsu); cp. thunati 2
pp -tthuta Dhp-a.i.88.

abhi + thunati; cp. abhitthavati

to turn somebody’s mind on (c. acc.), to induce somebody (dat.) to (acc.) Vin.iii.18 (purāṇadutiyikāya methunaṃ dhammaṃ abhiviññāpesi).

abhi + viññāpeti

(in compounds addha˚;)

1. (of space a path, road, also journey (see compounds & derivations); only in one ster. phrase Ja.iv.384 = Ja.v.137 (pathaddhuno paṇṇarase va cando, gen. for loc. ˚addha …

Adhicca¹

learning, studying, learning by heart Ja.iii.218, Ja.iii.327 = Ja.iv.301; Ja.iv.184 (vede = adhīyitvā C.), Ja.iv.477 (sajjhāyitvā C.); Ja.vi.213; Mil.164.

ger. of adhi + eti, se …

adjective exceeding, extraordinary, superior, Pp.35; Vv-a.80 (= anadhivara, visiṭṭha); DN-a.i.141, DN-a.i.222; Dpvs.v.32 (an˚); Dhp-a.iii.238 Kp-a.193 (= anuttara); Sdhp.337, Sdhp.447
■ compar …

adverb just now, quite recently DN.ii.208; Vin.ii.185 (kālakata); Mil.155; Dāvs ii.94.

• -āgata a new comer MN.i.457; Ja.ii.105.
• -ābhisitta newly or just anointed DN.ii.227. …

pre-eminence, prominence, superiority Kv.556 (˚ṃ gata); Dpvs.iv.1 (guṇaggataṃ gatā)
■ (adj.) mahaggata of great value or superiority DN.i.80; DN.iii.224.

abstr. of agga

snake Vin.ii.109; DN.i.77; SN.iv.198; AN.iii.306 sq.; AN.iv.320; AN.v.289; Mnd.484; Vism.345 (+ kukkura etc.); Vv-a.100; Pv-a.144.

• -kuṇapa the carcase of a snake Vin.iii.68 …

adjective noun that which is personal, subjective, arises from within (in contrast to anything outside, objective or impersonal); as adv. & ˚interior, personal, inwardly (opp.; bahiddhā bāhira etc o …

the tree Pentaptera Arjuna Ja.vi.535; Dhp-a.i.105 (˚rukkha).

Vedic arjuna, to raj; cp. Gr. ἀργός white, α ̓́ργυρος silver, Lat. argentum

wrong time, bad luck, misadventure, misfortune. There are 9 enumerated at DN.iii.263; the usual set consists of 8; thus DN.iii.287; Vv-a.193; Sdhp.4 sq. See also *khaṇa-[vedhin](/de …

(& īka) adjective unfortunate unhappy, of bad luck Vin.iii.23; Ja.iii.259.

a + lakkhika

adjective not obtaining, unable to get or keep up DN.i.101 (= asampāpuṇanto avisahamāno vā DN-a.i.268).

ppr. med. of an + abhisambhuṇāti

adjective uncalled, unbidden, unasked Vin.i.113; Pv.i.12#3 (T. anabbhita, variant reading anijjhiṭṭha Ja.iii.165 has anavhāta; Thig.129 ayācita; Pv-a.64 explains by anavhāta).

an + ajjhiṭṭha

adjective

1. not sufficient, not enough; unable, impossible, unmanageable MN.i.455; Ja.ii.326 = Ja.iv.471.
2. dissatisfied, insatiate Ja.v.63 (= atitta C.).
3. -ṃ kata dissatisfied, satiated, SN.i …

…fulfilling DN.i.88 (= anūna paripūra-kārin DN-a.i.248); AN.iii.152 (= samatta paripuṇṇa AA quoted by Tr. on Mil.10).

derivation…

adjective (only ˚-) not inferior, superior, perfect, supreme, in foll. compounds

• -guṇa supreme virtue DN-a.i.288.
• -dassika of superior beauty Vv.20#7, V …

Anta¹

1. end, finish, goal SN.iv.368 (of Nibbāna); Snp.467; Ja.ii.159. antaṃ karoti to make an end (of) Snp.283, Snp.512; Dhp.275, cp. antakara, ˚kiriyā
   ■ loc. ante at the end of, …

(-tire) along the bank of the river SN.iv.177 should be read anu nadītīre (= anu prep. c. loc.; see under anu A).

to incline, bend (intrs.), give way Mil.372 (of a bow).

anu + namati

“leading along”, friendliness, courtesy, falling in with, fawning DN.iii.254 (˚saṃyojana); AN.iv.7 sq (id.) MN.i.191; Dhs.1059; Vb.145; Ne.79; comb^d. w opp. paṭigha (re …

fawning Dhs-a.362.

fr. anuneti

to conciliate, appease, win over, flatter SN.i.232 (ppr. anunayamāna); pp. anunīta (q.v.).

anu + neti

adjective nasal; as tt. g. the sound ṃ; in -lopa apocope of the nasal ṃ Vv-a.114 Vv-a.253, Vv-a.275, Vv-a.333.

anu + nāsā + ika

(anuppatta) (having) attained, received, got to (c. acc), reached DN.i.87–DN.i.111; DN.ii.2; Iti.38; Snp.027, Snp.635; Dhp.386, Dhp.403; Pv.iv.1#66; Pv-a.59 (dukkhaṃ), Pv-a.242. In phrase *addhagata …

adjective unattached, “aloof” SN.i.181 (akankha apiha +).

an + upaya

to make reach or attain, to lead to, to give or make find Ja.vi.88; Cp. xi. 4 (aor anupāpayi); Mil.276
pp anupāpita (q.v.).

Caus. of anupāpuṇāti

(anuppā˚) to reach, attain, get to, find SN.i.105; ger. anuppatvāna Pv.ii.9#24 (˚pāpuṇitvā Pv-a.123)
pp anupatta (q.v.)
caus anupāpeti (q.v.).

anu …

to hear; pret. anassuṃ [Sk. anvaśruvaṃ] I heard MN.i.333.

anu + śru

wailing, crying, lamenting Mnd.167 (= vācāpalāpa vippalāpa etc.).

fr. anutthunāti

to wail, moan, deplore, lament, bewail DN.iii.86; Snp.827 (cp. Mnd.167); Dhp.156; Ja.iii.115; Ja.v.346, Ja.v.479; Dhp-a.iii.133; Pv-a.60 (wrongly applied for ghāyati, of the fire of conscience).

an …

1. applying oneself to, dealing with, practising, given to, intent upon DN.i.166, DN.i.167; DN.iii.232 = AN.ii.205 (attaparitāpan’ ânuyogaṃ a.); SN.iii.153 SN.iv.104; Snp.663 (lobhaguṇe), Snp.814 (met …

˚- without asking or being asked; in -kata unasked, unpermitted, uninvited Ja.vi.226 -cāra living uninvited Vin.v.132; AN.iii.259.

an + āmanta

adjective void of means, unlucky, unfortunate Vv.84#5 (= natthi ettha āyo sukhan ti anāyasaṃ Vv-a.335).

an + āya + sa, or should we read anāyāsa?

Anūnaka = anūna

Dpvs.iv.34.

…explained by anavaya). Anunaka = anuna

Vedic anūna, an + ūna

Anūnaka = anūna

Dpvs.iv.34.

completeness Cp.iii.6#11.

abstr. fr. anūna

…in reading T. apakiritūna at Thig.447 (q.v.)
pp apakata (q.v.). Cp. apakāra.

apa + karoti,…

at Thig.447 T (reading of C. is abhi˚) is explained Thag-a.271 to mean apakiritvā chaḍḍetvā throwing away, slighting, offending. The correct etym = Sk. avakirati (ava + kṛ² to strew, ca …

adjective another, i.e. additional, following next, second (with pron. inflexion, i.e. nom. pl apare) DN.iii.190 (˚pajā another, i.e. future generation) Snp.791, Snp.1089 (n’); Ja.i.59 (aparaṃ divasaṃ …

Apattha¹

adjective thrown away Dhp.149 (= chaḍḍita Dhp-a.iii.112).

Sk. apāsta, pp. of apa + as²

Apattha²

2^nd pl. pret. of pāpunāti (q.v.).

indeclinable both prep. & conj., orig meaning “close by”, then as prep. “towards, to, on to on” and as adv. “later, and, moreover”.

1. (prep. pref.)
   1. prep. c. loc.: api ratte later on in the n …

in the pass. at Dhs.14 = Cnd.628 is evidently meant to be taken as a + pilāpana + tā (fr pilavati, plu), but whether the der. & interpret. of Dhs A is correct, we are unable to say. On general pri …

Apiḷahati & Apiḷandhati

to tie on, fasten, bind together; to adorn oneself with (acc.) Ja.v.400 (ger. apiḷayha = piḷandhitvā C.)-Cp. apiḷandhana & pp apiladdha.

Sk. apinahyati, on n: ḷ see note on …

Apiḷahati & Apiḷandhati

to tie on, fasten, bind together; to adorn oneself with (acc.) Ja.v.400 (ger. apiḷayha = piḷandhitvā C.)-Cp. apiḷandhana & pp apiladdha.

Sk. apinahyati, on n: ḷ see note on …

(and -iya) adjective

1. what cannot be put together again, unmendable irreparable (˚iya) Pv.i.12#9 (= puna pākatiko na hoti Pv-a.66) = Ja.iii.167 (= paṭipākatiko kātuṃ na sakkā C.).
2. incapable …

non-obstruction, not hindering not opposing or contradicting AN.i.50; AN.iii.41; AN.v.93 sq. adj. Ja.i.326.

a + paṭivāṇa, for ˚vrāṇa, the guṇa-form of vṛ; cp. Sk. prativāraṇa

1. (*er) to move forward, rush on run into (of river) Vin.ii.238; Mil.70.
2. (*ar) to fit in, fix, apply, insert, put on to (lit. & fig.) Vin.ii.136 Vin.ii.137; Ja.iii.34 (nimba-sūlasmiṃ to imp …

adjective desiring little or nothing, easily satisfied, unassuming, contented unpretentious SN.i.63, SN.i.65; AN.iii.432; AN.iv.2, AN.iv.218 sq., AN.iv.229, AN.v.124 sq., AN.v.130, AN.v.154, AN.v.167; …

to attain, reach, get Vism.350 (in etym. of āpo).

the contracted form of āpnoti, usually pāpuṇāti, fr. āp

key (to a door) Vin.i.80; Vin.iii.119; MN.iii.127. See also avāpuraṇa. Apapurati & Apapunati;

fr. apāpurati

Apāpurati & Apāpuṇati

to open (a door) Vin.i.5 (apāpur’ etaṃ Amatassa dvāraṃ: imper. where id. p. SN.i.137 has avāpur˚, T., but variant reading apāpur˚) Vv.64#27 (apāpuranto Amatassa dvāraṃ, expl …

Apāpurati & Apāpuṇati

to open (a door) Vin.i.5 (apāpur’ etaṃ Amatassa dvāraṃ: imper. where id. p. SN.i.137 has avāpur˚, T., but variant reading apāpur˚) Vv.64#27 (apāpuranto Amatassa dvāraṃ, expl …

adjective that which cannot be achieved, unattainable Ja.vi.36 (= apāpetabba).

grd. of paraneti + a˚

adjective noun Before Buddhism used as honorific title of high officials like the English ʻHis Worship’; at the rise of Buddhism applied popularly to all ascetics (Dial. iii.3–⁠6). Adopted by the Bu …

Arahatta¹

neuter the state or condition of an Arahant, i.e. perfection in the Buddhist sense = Nibbāna (SN.iv.151) final & absolute emancipation Arahantship, the attainment of the last & h …

the sun Vin.ii.68 Vin.iv.245; Ja.ii.154; Ja.v.403; Ja.vi.330; Dpvs.i.56; DN-a.i.30. a. uggacchati the sun rises Ja.i.108; Vv-a.75, & see compounds.

• -ugga sunrise Vin.iv.272; SN …

bad quality, vice Sdhp.382 (˚bhāvin, the a˚ belongs to the whole cpd.). Asankita & iya;

a + sagguṇa

adjective not clinging, not stuck, unattached Snp.38, Snp.71 (cp. Cnd.107) Dhp.221 (nāmarūpasmiṃ a. = alaggamana Dhp-a.iii.298).

ppr. med. of a + sajjati, sañj

adjective impossible, unable to Ja.i.55; Kp-a.185 and passim.

grd. of a + sakkoti

unable to solve or explain Snp.p.92.

ppr. of a + sampāyati

adjective unrestricted, open Ja.vi.306.

pp. of + saṃvuṇati, cp. saṃvuta

adjective not restrained Dhs.1345, Dhs.1347.

pp. of a + saṃvuṇāti, cp. saṃvata

adjective not sticking to anything, free from attachment, unattached Thig.396 (˚mānasa, = anāsattacitta Thag-a.259); Mil.343. Cp. next.

a + sanga

adjective unmixed, unadulterated, i.e. with full and unimpaired properties, delicious, sublime, lovely MN.i.114; SN.i.213 (a. ojava “that elixir that no infusion needs Mrs Rh. D.) = Thig.55 (expl<su …

…cp. Vin.iii.106.

• -sūna slaughter-house (so also B.Sk asisūnā Divy.10, Divy.15; see further detail under “kāma…

Asita¹

having eaten, eating; (nt.) that which is eaten or enjoyed, food MN.i.57; AN.iii.30, AN.iii.32 (˚pīta-khāyita etc.); Pv-a.25 (id.); Ja.vi.555 ˚(āsana having enjoyed one’s food, sa …

adjective loyal DN.i.137; Snp.22, Snp.23, Snp.32; Ja.iv.98; Ja.vi.49; Mil.254; an˚; inattentive, not docile Dhp-a.i.7.

ā + sunāti, śru

pronoun pron. dẹmonstr “that”, that one, usually comb^d. with yo (yaṃ), e.g. asu yo so puriso MN.i.366; yaṃ aduṃ khettaṃ SN.iv.315. nom. sg. m. asu SN.iv.195; Mil.242; f. *[ …

indeclinable adv. and prep of direction (forward motion), in primary meaning “on and further”, then “up to and beyond”.

I. in abstr position

adverbially (only as ttg.): in excess, extremel …

greater Brahma, a super-god Mil.277; Dhp-a.ii.60 (Brahmuṇā a. greater than B.).

ati + brahmā

adjective very cruel, extremely fierce Pv.iii.7#3.

Sk. atidāruṇa, ati + dāruṇa

adjective very pitiful, extremely miserable Ja.i.202; Ja.iv.142; Ja.vi.53.

ati + karuṇa

guest, stranger, newcomer DN.i.117 (= āgantuka-navaka pāhuṇaka DN-a.i.288); AN.ii.68; AN.iii.45, AN.iii.260; Ja.iv.31, Ja.iv.274; Ja.v.388; Kp.viii.7 (n’ atthi assa ṭhiti yamhi vā tamhi vā divase āg …

…(khaya˚, of the moon = ūnabhāvaṃ atīta Snp-a.463); Thag.413 (c. abl.) 3. (id.) overstepping having transgressed or neglected (cp. accaya…

…(= chaḍḍīyati Pv-a.174); grd. ˚kiriya (see sep.). See also apakiritūna. pp okiṇṇa.

ava + kirati

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

Avihiṃsa (Avihesa)

feminine absence of cruelty, mercy, humanity, friendliness, love DN.iii.213, DN.iii.215, DN.iii.240 (avihesā); Snp.292 (= sakaruṇabhāva Snp-a.318); Iti.82 (˚vitakka).

a + vihiṃsā

ignorance; the main root of evil and of continual rebirth (see paṭicca-samuppāda, cp. SN.ii.6, SN.ii.9, SN.ii.12; Snp.p.141 & many other passages) See on term; Cpd. 83 n. 3, 18 …

adjective unable to distinguish or to know Ja.v.121 (= atīrento C.).

ppr. of a + vinibbhujati

adjective not miserable, fortunate Ja.iii.466 (= akilamāna C.).

a + vyatha, cp. Sk. vyathā misfortune

pronoun demonstr. pron. “this, he”; f. ayaṃ; nt. idaṃ & imaṃ “this, it” etc. This pron. combines in its inflection two stems, viz. as˚; (ayaṃ in nom. m. & f.) & im˚; (id in nom. nt.).

I. Form …

the raising of the hands as a sign of respectful salutation Vv.1#5 (explained at Vv-a.24 as dasanakha-samodhāna samujjalaṃ añjaliṃ sirasi paggaṇhantī guṇa-visiṭṭhānaṃ apacayānaṃ akāsiṃ).

= añjali

…a fortnight Vin.iii.254 (ūnak˚); AN.v.85; Ja.iii.218; Vv-a.66. Freq. in acc. as adv. for a fortnight, e.g. Vin.iv.117; Vv-a.67; Pv-a.55. *…

1. (lit.) a constituent part of the body, a limb, member; also of objects: part, member (see cpd. ˚sambhāra); uttam˚aṅga the reproductive organ Ja.v.197; also as “head” at Thag-a.209. Usually in cp …

Aṭṭha¹

num. card, eight, decl. like pl. of adj. in-a A. The number in objective significance, based on natural phenomena: see compounds ˚angula, ˚nakha, ˚pada, ˚pāda B. The number in …

adjective

1. eightfold Vin.i.196 = Ud.59 (˚vaggikāni); Vv-a.75 = Dhp-a.iii.104 (˚bhatta).
2. ˚ā (f.) the eight day of the lunar month (cp. aṭṭhamī), in phrase rattīsu antar’aṭṭhakāsu in the night …

ordinal number the eighth Snp.107, Snp.230 (cp. Kp-a.187), Snp.437
■ f. ˚ī the eighth day of the lunar half month (cp. aṭṭhakā) AN.i.144; Snp.402; Vv.16#6 (in all three pass. as pakkhassa cātuddasī …

…Snp.503, Snp.957, & bahūnaṃ Ja.v.446; Kv.528 (where id. p. MN.i.447 reads bahunnaṃ); instr. bahūhi Pv-a.241; loc. bahūsu Pv-a.58…

Bahulī˚

in compound with kar = bahula (adj.) + kar, lit. “to make much of,” i.e. to practise, in foll. words: -kata (pp. practised (frequently), usually combined with bhāvita SN.ii.264; SN.iv …

1. binding, bond, fetter Vin.i.21; DN.i.226, DN.i.245 (pañca kāmaguṇā); DN.iii.176; MN.ii.44; SN.i.8, SN.i.24 (Māra˚), SN.i.35, SN.i.40, SN.iv.201 sq. (5 fold) to bind the king of the Devas or Asuras, …

Beluva & Beḷuva

1. the Vilva tree Aegle marmelos MN.i.108; MN.ii.6; Ja.iv.363, Ja.iv.368; Ja.vi.525 Ja.vi.560.
2. wood of the Vilva tree SN.i.22; DN.ii.264 Mhbv.31.

• -pakka ripe …

Beluva & Beḷuva

1. the Vilva tree Aegle marmelos MN.i.108; MN.ii.6; Ja.iv.363, Ja.iv.368; Ja.vi.525 Ja.vi.560.
2. wood of the Vilva tree SN.i.22; DN.ii.264 Mhbv.31.

• -pakka ripe …

Bhadda^a & Bhadra^b

adjective

1. auspicious lucky, high, lofty, august, of good omen reverend (in address to people of esteem), good, happy fortunate DN.ii.95^a; SN.i.1 …

adjective noun fortunate, illustrious, sublime, as epithet and title “Lord.” Thus applied to the Buddha (amhākaṃ Bh. and his predecessors. Occurs with extreme frequency of fanciful exegetic explains o …

adjective noun having good luck or auspices, fortunate; in def of “Bhagavā” at Vism.210 = DN-a.i.34 (“bhāgyavā bhaggavā yutto”); with ref. to the 4 qualities implied in the word “bhagavā,” which pass …

to associate with (acc.), keep companionship with, follow, resort to; to be attached to (acc.), to love. Freq. syn. of sevati. The Dhtp & Dhtm mark the fig. meaning (bhaj^{2</su …}

voc. of polite address: Sir, venerable Sir, used like bhadante. Either abs. as voc.: Vin.i.76; DN.ii.154, DN.ii.283; Ja.ii.111; Ja.iii.46; Mil.19; or with another voc.: Mil.25; or with other oblique c …

adjective filled with (-˚) Ja.i.2 (suvaṇṇa-rajata˚ gabbha); Ja.iv.489 (udaka˚); Ja.v.275 (kimi˚); Snp-a.494 (vāta˚); Thag-a.283 (kuṇapa˚).

lit. made to bear, i.e. heavy with etc. Cp. formations b …

“becoming”, (form of) rebirth, (state of) existence, a “life.” There are 3 states of existence conventionally enumerated as kāma˚ rūpa˚, arūpa˚; or sensual existence, deva-corporeal, formless exist …

… ■ gen. dat. bhikkhūnaṃ Vin.iii.285; DN.iii.264; Snp.1015; Pv.ii.1#7; & bhikkhunaṃ SN.i.190; Thag.1231
■ instr. bhikkhūhi…

the young of an animal, esp. of an elephant, in its property of being dirty (cp. pigs) Vin.ii.201 = SN.ii.269 (bhinka-cchāpa) Ja.v.418 (with ref. to young cats: “mahā-biḷārā nelamaṇḍalaṃ vuccati tar …

Bhusa¹

chaff, husks AN.i.241 (-āgāra chaff-house); Dhp.252 (opuṇāti bhusaṃ to sift husks); Ud.78; Pv.iii.4#1; Pv.iii.10#7; Vv-a.47 (tiṇa litter).

cp. Vedic busa (nt.) & buśa (m.)

Bh …

adjective noun making “bhu,” i.e. bow-wow, barking Ja.vi.355 (˚sunakha) variant reading bhu-bhukka-sadda-karaṇa.

bhu + kṛ; see bhukka

adjective having good luck, auspicious fortunate, in def. of term “Bhagavā” at DN-a.i.34 = Vism.210; also at Vv-a.231, where the abstr. bhāgyavantatā is formed as explⁿ of the term *bhā …

• -sakuṇa a bird of prey, a vulture [Abhp. 645, 1049]; as one of the lucky omens enumerated (under the so-called mangala-kathā) at Kp-a.118 (with variant reading SS. cāta˚ & vā …

…state of need Pv-a.120; ūna˚; depletion Snp-a.463; ekī˚; loneliness Vism.34; sithill˚; (for sithila˚ in conn. with kṛ bhū)…

producing, dwelling on something, putting one’s thoughts to, application, developing by means of thought or meditation, cultivation by mind, culture
■ See on term Dhs translation 261 (= ² …

to beget, produce, increase, cultivate, develop (by means of thought meditation), The Buddhist equivalent for mind-work as creative in idea, MN.i.293; cp. B.Psy p. 132
■ DN.ii.79; MN.ii.11 (cattā …

to be afraid.
pres ind 1^st sg. bhāyāmi Thag.21; Snp.p.48; 2^nd sg. bhāyasi Thig.248; 1^st pl. bhāyāma Ja.ii.21; 3^rd pl. bhāyanto Dhp.129;
imper 2< …

…vuddhi-nāsaka“; vv.ll. bhūnahaṭa bhūnahoṭa, bhūhata, all showing the difficulty of the archaic word); Ja.v.266 (pl. bhūnahuno, explained…

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

1. a drop, usually a drop of water Snp.392, Snp.812 (uda˚); Ja.i.100; Vism.531 (madhu˚) Thag-a.281; Pv-a.98 (udaka˚).
2. a spot (cp. SBE xvii.155) Vism.222 (˚vicitvā gāvī a spotted cow).
3. (as adj. …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Brahma & Brahmā

I. Brahman

neuter [cp. Vedic bráhman nt. prayer; nom. sg bráhma]

1. the supreme good; as a buddhistic term used in a sense different from the brahmanic (save in controvers …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

Bāla¹

adjective

1. ignorant (often with ref. to ignorance in a moral sense, of the common people, the puthujjana) foolish (as contrasted with paṇḍita cp. the Bālapaṇḍita-sutta MN.iii.163 …

adjective strong; only as adv. -ṃ and ˚-, viz.

1. bāḷhaṃ strongly, very much, excessively, too much, to satiety Ja.ii.293 Ja.vi.291 (i.e. too often, C. punappunaṃ); Mil.407; Pv-a.274. Comparativ …

…Ja.iv.378, Ja.iv.403 (= cakkhūnaṃ etaṃ nāmaṃ C.) Vv-a.119;

• -bhāta (+ ñāṇa˚) (adj.) one who has become the possessor of right…

base of numeral four

1. As num. adj. nom. & acc. m cattāro (Dhp.109; Ja.iii.51) and caturo (Snp.84, Snp.188), f. catasso (Snp.1122), nt. cattāri (Snp.227); gen. m. catunnaṃ (Snp.p.102), (f. catassa …

state of ceto in action, thinking as active thought, intention, purpose, will Defined as action (kamma: AN.iii.415; cp. Kvu.viii.9 § 38 untraced quotation; cp. AN.v.292). Often comb …

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

1. impulse, excitement; intention, resolution, will desire for, wish for, delight in (c. loc.). Explained at Vism.466 as “kattu-kāmatāy” adhivacanaṃ; by Dhtp.587 & Dhtm.821 as; chand = icchāyaṃ …

the (outer thin) skin, tegument SN.ii.256; AN.iv.129; Snp.194; Ja.ii.92 Distinguished from camma, the hide (under-skin corium) SN.ii.238 (see camma); also in combination ch-cammam …

…Mil.15
ger chaḍḍūna Thig.469 (= chaḍḍetvā Thag-a.284); grd. chaḍḍetabba Vin.i.48; Ja.ii.2…

Cha & Chaḷ

(cha in composition effects gemination of consonant, e.g. chabbīsati = cha + vīsati, chabbaṇṇa cha + vaṇṇa, chaḷ only before vowels in compound chaḷanga, chaḷ-abhiññā) the number six.

…

to cut off, to destroy, to remove, both lit. (bandhanaṃ, pāsaṃ, pasibbakaṃ, jīvaṃ, gīvaṃ, sīsaṃ hatthapāde, etc.) and fig. (taṇhaṃ, mohaṃ, āsavā saṃyojanāni, vicikicchaṃ, vanathaṃ, etc.) Freq. in …

cut off, destroyed Vin.i.71 (acchinna-kesa with unshaven hair); MN.i.430; DN.ii.8 (˚papañca); Ja.i.255; Ja.ii.155; Ja.iv.138; Dhp.338; Pv.i.11#2 (variant reading for bhinna), Pv.i.11#6; Dhp-a.iv.48. …

Chāpa & ˚ka

the young of an animal MN.i.384 (˚ka); SN.ii.269 (bhinka˚); Ja.i.460; Ja.ii.439 (sakuṇa˚) Mil.402
■ f. chāpī Ja.vi.192 (maṇḍūka˚).

Sk. śāva

Chāpa & ˚ka

the young of an animal MN.i.384 (˚ka); SN.ii.269 (bhinka˚); Ja.i.460; Ja.ii.439 (sakuṇa˚) Mil.402
■ f. chāpī Ja.vi.192 (maṇḍūka˚).

Sk. śāva

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

1. pp. broken up powdered; only in cpd. -vicuṇṇa crushed to bits smashed up, piecemeal Ja.i.73; Ja.ii.120, Ja.ii.159, Ja.ii.216; Ja.iii.74
2. (nt.)
   1. any hard substance ground into a powder dus …

adjective

1. a preparation of chunam, paint (for the face, mukha˚) DN.i.7; MN.ii.64 = Thag.771; Ja.v.302
2. powder; cuṇṇakajātāni reduced to powder MN.iii.92 (aṭṭhikāni)
   ■ f. -ikā in cuṇṇikam …

to grind to powder, to crush; to powder or paint w. chunam Vin.ii.107 (mukhaṃ) Ja.iv.457
ppr pass cuṇṇiyamāna being ground Ja.vi.185.

Denom. of cuṇṇa

bow MN.i.429 (opposed to kodaṇḍa); Dhp.156 (˚âtikhīṇa shot from the bow, cp Dhp-a.iii.132), Dhp.320 (abl. cāpāto metri causa); Ja.iv.272 Ja.v.400; Mil.105 (daḷha˚), Mil.352.

• *-[koṭi](/define/koṭi …

Cātur˚

(and cātu˚) consisting of four. Only in compounds viz.

• -(r)anta (adj.) “of four ends,” i.e. covering or belonging to the 4 points of the compass, all-encircling, Ep of the earth: Ja.ii. …

-D-

euphonic consonant inserted to avoid hiatus:

1. orig. only sandhi-cons. in forms ending in t & d (like tāvat kocid, etc.) & thus restored in compounds where the simplex has lost it:
   dvip …

kind of cutaneous eruption Mil.298; Vism.345.

-bandhana in d
■ bandhanādi-bandhana at Thag-a.241 should be read daṇḍa˚.

Sk. dadru f. & dardru a kind of leprosy, dadruna le …

adjective small, little delicate, young; a young boy, youth, lad DN.i.80, DN.i.115; SN.i.131; SN.ii.279 (daharo ce pi paññavā); MN.i.82; MN.ii.19 MN.ii.66; AN.v.300; Snp.216, Snp.420 (yuvā +), Snp.57 …

adjective

1. right (opp vāma left), with a tinge of the auspicious, lucky prominent: Vin.ii.195 (hattha); Pv-a.112, Pv-a.132 (id.) Pts.i.125. hattha, pāda, etc. with ref. to a Tathāgata’s body); Ja …

*Dassati¹

to see, to perceive.

1. (pres.) base dakkh [Sk. drakṣ]: pres.
   1. dakkhati Cnd.428 (= passati), 1st dakkhāmi ibid. (= passāmi) second dakkhasi SN.i.11 …

seeing, sight (-˚) Mil.140 (guṇavisesa˚).

abstr. to dassāvin

Daḍḍhi˚

making firm, strengthening, in; kayādaḍḍhi-bahula strengthened by gymnastics, an athlete Ja.iii.310 (variant reading daḷhi˚), Ja.iv.219 (variant reading distorted kādaḷiphahuna).

not with …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

…likely in orig. meaning “grain, posses sion of corn, crops etc.,” cp. Lith. dūna bread, Sk dhānā pl. grains & dhañña = dhana-like, i.e….

Dhañña¹

neuter grain, corn. The usual enumⁿ comprises 7 sorts of grain, which is however not strictly confined to grain-fruit proper (“corn”) but includes, like other enum ^…

adjective noun obtrusive, bold, offensive MN.i.236; AN.ii.182; Dhp.244 (= Dhp-a.iii.353 paresaṃ guṇaṃ dhaṃsanatāya dh.).

Sk. dharṣin to dhṛṣṇoti, see dhaṃseti

adjective noun

1. purified MN.i.386; Snp.351, Snp.786, Snp.813, Snp.834 (= dhutakilesa Snp-a.542); Ja.iii.160 (˚sākha = patthaṭasākha Com.; variant reading BB vena˚); Mnd.77 = Mnd.176 (: dhonā vucca …

shaking, in -ka (adj.) consisting in shaking off, doing away with, giving up (kilesa˚) Snp-a.373

Sk. dhūnana

…dhunāti & dhuvati, Caus. dhūnayati. Idg.; *dhū to be in turbulent motion cp. Gr. χύω, χύνω (to be impetuous), χύελλα (storm)…

(& Dhūta)

1. shaken, moved Dāvs v.49 (vāta˚).
2. lit. “shaken off,” but always explained in the commentaries as “one who shakes off” either cvil dispositions (kilese), or obstacles to spiritual pro …

to hold, viz.

1. to carry, bear, wear, possess; to put on, to bring give DN.i.166≈(chavadussāni etc.); Vin.i.16 = DN.i.110 (telapajjotaṃ); DN.ii.19 (chattaṃ to hold a sunshade over a person); Pv-a.4 …

1. to run run away, run quickly Snp.939 (cp. Mnd.419); Dhp.344; Ja.i.308; Ja.vi.332; Mnd.405 = Cnd.304#iii.; Pv.iv.16#1 = palāyati Pv-a.284#2; Dhp-a.i.389 (opp. gacchati); Pv-a.4; Sdhp.378.
2. to c …

smoke, fumes Vin.i.204 (aroma of drugs) MN.i.220 (dh ˚ṃ kattā); AN.v.352 (id.); AN.ii.53; AN.iv.72 sq. AN.v.347 sq.; Ja.iii.401, Ja.iii.422 (tumhākaṃ dh-kāle at the time when you will end in smoke, i …

incense Ja.i.51, Ja.i.64, Ja.i.290 (gandha˚, dvandva cpd.); Ja.iii.144; Ja.vi.42; Pv-a.141 (gandhap̄uppha˚) dh˚ṃ dadāti to incense (a room) Ja.i.399. Sometimes misspelt dhūma, e.g. …

adjective of the next world, divine, heavenly, celestial, superb magnificent, fit for exalted beings higher than man (devas, heroes, manes etc.), superhuman, opp. mānusaka human. Freq. qualifying the …

nt. only in expression satta divasāni 7 days or a week Ja.iv.139; Mil.15) a day AN.i.206 (˚ṃ atināmeti); Ja.iii.52 (uposatha˚); Pv-a.31 (yāva sattadivasā a week long), Pv-a.74 (sattamo divaso) Usu …

adjective noun

1. (adj. unpleasant, painful, causing misery (opp. sukha pleasant Vin.i.34; Dhp.117. Lit. of vedanā (sensation) MN.i.59 (˚ṃ vedanaṃ vediyamāna, see also below iii.1 …

ordinal number

1. (num.) the second, the following Ja.ii.102, Ja.ii.110 dutiyaṃ for the second time (cp. tatiyaṃ in series 1, 2 3) Vin.ii.188; DN.ii.155
2. (adj. n.) one who follows or is associated …

number two.

A. Meanings

I. Two as unit

1. with objective foundation:
   1. denoting a combination (pair, couple) or a repetition (twice). In this conn. frequent both objective …

1. lit. an outer door, a gate, entrance Vin.i.15; SN.i.58 SN.i.138, SN.i.211; Ja.i.346; Ja.ii.63; Ja.vi.330; Vb.71 sq.; Pv-a.4, Pv-a.67 (village gate), Pv-a.79; Sdhp.54, Sdhp.356
   ■ That d. can …

wood, piece of wood; pl. woodwork, sticks AN.i.112; Iti.71; Dhp.80; Ja.ii.102; Ja.iii.54; Ja.vi.366; Dhp-a.i.393; Pv-a.76 (candana˚) Pv-a.141.

• -kuṭikā a hut, log-house Vin. …

adjective strong, firm, severe harsh, cruel, pitiless SN.i.101; SN.ii.226; Snp.244; Dhp.139; Ja.iii.34; Pv.iv.3#6 (= ghora Pv-a.251); Mil.117 (vāta) Pv-a.24, Pv-a.52 (= ghora), Pv-a.159 (sapatha a …

…Mil.392.

• -ūna one less, minus one usually as 1^st part of a numeral cpd., like ˚vīsati (21 − 1 =…

adjective single, not doubled (of cloth, opp. to diguṇa) Ja.v.216 (˚vasana = eka-paṭṭa-nivattha).

fr. ekacca

…nipāto for “nūna”); Snp-a.414 (˚vacana for “taggha”)
■ Opp. an˚; Mil.225
■ instr….

1. interior, cavity (loc. gabbhe in the midst of: angāra˚ Ja.iii.55); an inner room, private chamber, bedroom, cell. Of a Vihāra Vin.ii.303; Vin.iii.119; Vin.iv.45; Vv-a.188; Vv-a.220
   ■ Ja.i.90 …

1. adjective deep, profound, unfathomable, well founded, hard to perceive difficult
   1. lit. of lakes: Dhp.83; Pv.ii.1#19 (= agādha) Pp.46; of a road (full of swamps) Ja.i.196
   2. fig of knowledge …

smell, viz.

1. odour, smell, scent in gen Ja.iii.189; Dhp.54–Dhp.56 = Mil.333; Dhs.605 under ghānâyatanāni); āma˚ smell of raw flesh AN.i.280; DN.ii.242; Snp.241 sq; maccha˚ the scent of fish Ja.iii. …

…Snp.326 (variant reading garūnaṃ to be preferred, so also Snp-a.332, Snp-a.333); garūnaṃ dārā Iti.36-garukaroti (for garuṃ k˚) to…

gone, in all meanings of gacchati (q.v.) viz.

1. literal. gone away, arrived at, directed to (c. acc.), opp ṭhita: gate ṭhite nisinne (loc. abs.) when going standing, sitting down (cp. gacchati 1) DN …

1. going, going away, (opp. āgati coming) (both gati & āgati usually in pregnant sense of No. (2) See āgati); direction, course, career. Freq of the two careers of a Mahāpurisa (viz. either a Cakkavat …

˚Gavesaka

adjective from next looking for, seeking Ja.i.176 (kāraṇa˚); Ja.ii.3 (aguṇa˚).

1. 1. in special sense: a meeting or a chapter of (two or three bhikkhus, a company (opposed both to sangha, the order & puggala, the individual) Vin.i.58, Vin.i.74, Vin.i.195, Vin.i.197 Vin.ii.170, V …

Gedha¹

greed. Its connection with craving and worldly attachment is often referred to. Kāmesu g˚ SN.i.73; Snp.152; AN.iii.312 sq. (gedho pañcann’ etaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ). gedhataṇhā …

destruction (usually -˚) DN.iii.67 (mūla˚); Ja.i.176 (sakuṇa˚).

fr. hanati, han and ghan

…a drum Ja.vi.277 (= kumbhathūna); as bhadda Sdhp.319, Sdhp.329.

• -pamāṇa (adj.) of the size of a large pot Ja.ii.104;…

adjective terrible, frightful, awful Vin.ii.147. Freq. as attr. of niraya (syn. with dāruṇa Pv-a.87, Pv-a.159, Pv-a.206) Pv.i.10#12; Pv.iv.1#8. Of an oath (sapatha Pv.i.6#8; Pv.ii.12#16
■ ghorass …

adjective sounding, proclaiming, shouting out (-˚), in dhamma˚ praising the Law Ja.ii.286; Satthu guṇa sounding the praise of the Master Dhp-a.iii.114. As n Name of a deva (Gh. devaputta) Dhp-a.i.173.

, f.) a cow, an ox, bull, pl. cattle. For f. cp gāvī; see also *gava*˚ for cpds
■ Sg. nom. go (Snp.580 also in composition, cp. aja-go-mahisādi Pv-a.80 = pasū) gen. gavassa (MN.i. …

Guḷa¹

to make into a ball, to conglomerate. Cp Sk. glauḥ ball; Gr. γλουτός; Ohg. chliuwa; Ger. kugel kloss; E. clot, cleat; also *gel with same meaning Sk. gulma tumour, gilāyu glandula …

adjective like a chain, or having a chain, (nt. & f.) a cluster, a chain in maṇi a string of jewels, a pearl necklace Ja.iii.184 (variant reading BB for ˚guḷa); Ja.iv.256; Vism.285 (+ muttā-guḷikā). …

swelling, pimple, pustule, blight, in cpd. guḷā-guṇṭhika-jāta DN.ii.55, which is also to be read at AN.ii.211 (in spite of Morris, prelim. remarks to AN.ii.4 whose trsln. is otherwise correct) = g …

Guṇa¹

1. a string, a cord-
   1. of a robe, etc., in (kāya-bandhanaṃ) saguṇaṃ katvā to make tight by tying with a knot Vin.i.46 (Vin. Texts: “laying the garments on top of each other,” …

adjective having a knot at the end, thickened at the top (with ref. to kāyabandha, see guṇa 1a) Vin.ii.136, cp. Vin. Texts ii.143.

to guḷa¹, cp. guḷika?

adjective possessed of good qualities, virtuous Pv.ii.9#71 (= jhān’ ādiguṇa-yutta); Pv-a.62 (mahā˚).

to guṇa¹

kind of armour Ja.vi.449 (g. vuccate kavacaṃ C.); see Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 132.

of adj. guṇin, having guṇas or guḷas, i.e. strings or knots

collection of houses, a hamlet (cp. Ger. gemeinde), a habitable place (opp. arañña: gāme vā yadi vâraññe Snp.119), a parish or village having boundaries & distinct from the surrounding country (gāmo c …

adjective killing, in bhūnahacca killing an embryo AN.iv.98; Ja.vi.579 = Ja.vi.587; Mil.314 (text bhūta-)

fr. han

…DN.ii.160; hātūna Ja.iv.280 (= haritvā C.);
inf harituṃ Ja.i.187; hātave Thag.186…

an elephant Vin.i.218, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.194 sq (Nālāgiri) = Ja.v.335 (nom. sg. hatthī; gen. hatthissa) DN.i.5; AN.ii.209; Ja.i.358; Ja.ii.102; Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hat …

see harati.

adjective

1. (lit.) successful, proficient, only in neg. an˚; unfortunate, miserable, poor Ja.vi.361.
2. (fig.) possessing psychic powers Vin.iii.67; Vin.iv.108; AN.i.23, AN.i.25; AN.ii.185; AN.iii …

the Coloquintida plant Ja.iv.8 (˚ka-rukkha).

inda + vāruṇa

1. a holy man, one gifted with special powers of insight & inspiration, an anchoret, a Seer, Sage, Saint, “Master” DN.i.96 (kaṇho isi ahosi); SN.i.33, SN.i.35, SN.i.65, SN.i.128, SN.i.191, SN.i.192 SN …

…AN.i.181; AN.ii.8, AN.ii.29; Vv.84#17. Cp. jātarūpa.

Sk. jāmbūnada; belonging to or coming from the Jambu river (?)

Vedic ju javate intr. to hurry, junāti trs. to incite, urge: to run, hurry, hasten SN.i.33; Ja.iv.213; Dāvs v.24; Dhs-a.265, pp. jūta.

to know.

I. Forms

The 2 Vedic roots jān˚ & jñā˚; are represented in Pali by jān˚ & ñā˚ (ña˚)

1. jān:
   pres jānāti
   pot jāneyya (Snp.781) & jaññā (AN.iv.366 …

1. As adj. n.un
   1. born, grown, arisen, produced (= nibbatta pātubhūta Cnd.256) Snp.576 (jātānaṃ maccānaṃ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayaṃ); jātena maccena kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ Dhp.53 = Mil.333; yakkhinī …

■ Instr. jātiyā (Snp.423) & jaccā (DN.ii.8; Ja.iii.395; Dhp.393); abl. jātiyā (SN.i.88) & jātito (by descent: DN.ii.8); loc. jātiyaṃ (Pv-a.10) & jātiyā (Pv-a.78).

1. birth, rebirth, possibility of …

to live be alive, live by, subsist on (c. instr. or nissāya). Imper pres. jīva Snp.427, very freq. with ciraṃ live long… as a salutation & thanksgiving. ciraṁ jīva Ja.vi.337 c. jīvāhi Snp.1029 Pv.ii.3 …

1. the hump on the shoulders of an Indian bull Ja.ii.225; Ja.vi.340.
2. a cock’s comb: see sīsa kakudha.
3. a king’s symbol or emblem (nt.) Ja.v.264. There are 5 such insignia regis, …

…Pv.ii.1#3 and freq.; ekūna-tiṃsa kāyakammāni Bdhd 49. 4. Deeds characterized as evil (pāpa-kammāni, pāpāni k˚, pāpakāni…

to cry, wail, weep, lament, bewail Dhp.371; Vv.83#12 Ja.vi.166; Mil.11, Mil.148; freq. of Petas: Pv-a.43, Pv-a.160 Pv-a.262 (cp. rodati)
■ In kāmaguṇā pass. urattāḷiṃ k MN.i.86 = Cnd. s.v.; AN.ii …

adjective dark, black, as attr. of darkness, opposed to light, syn. with kāḷa (q.v. for etym.); opp. sukka. In general it is hard to separate the lit. and fig. meanings, an ethical implication is to b …

Kanta¹

1. (adj.) in special sense an attribute of worldly pleasure (cp. kāma kāmaguṇā): pleasant, lovely, enjoyable; freq. in form iṭṭhā kantā manāpā, referring to the pleasures of the sens …

monkey (freq. in similes) Snp.791; Thag.1080; Ja.i.170; Ja.iii.148, cp. kavi.

• -kacchu the plant Mucuna pruritus Pv.ii.3#10; ˚phala its fruit Pv-a.86;
• *-[citta](/define/ci …

adjective

1. (cp. kappa ii.1^a) according to rule, right, suitable, fitting, proper, appropriate (Pv-a.26 = anucchavika paṭirūpa) Ja.i.392; DN-a.i.9; Pv-a.25 Pv-a.141
   ■ a˚; not r …

…are “paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ hadayakampanaṃ karotī ti” Bdhd 21; “sattesu k˚ karuṇāyanā karuṇāyitattaṃ karuṇā…

to feel pity for, to have compassion on Snp.1065 (˚āyamāna; expl. by Nd ii.as anuddayamāno anurakkh anuggaṇh˚ anukamp˚); Vb.273; Vism.314. Der. -āyanā compassionateness Vb.87 = Vb.273 (and *-āyi …

adjective lit. knowing, i.e. acknowledging what has been done (to one), i.e. grateful often in combination with katavedin grateful and mindful of benefits SN.ii.272; AN.i.87 = P …

(kale˚ and kalevara) masculine & neuter

1. the body SN.i.62 = AN.ii.48 = AN.iv.429 = MN.i.82; Ja.ii.437, Ja.iii.96, Ja.iii.244; Vism.49, Vism.230.
2. a dead body, corpse, carcass; often in descriptio …

…Pv-a.99 (k-oṭṭha-tālūnaṃ tassita), Pv-a.180 (sūci˚ like a needle’s eye, cp. sūcicchidda variant reading sūcikaṭṭha “whose…

Kaṭa¹

a mat: see compounds & kaṭallaka.

• -sara a reed: Saccharum Sara, used as medicine Dhs-a.78.
• -sāra (Dhp-a.i.268) & *[sāraka](/define/sāraka …

cemetery; only in phrase kaṭasiṃ vaḍḍheti “to increase the cemetery” referring to dying and being buried repeatedly in the course of numerous rebirths, explained by susāna & āḷāhana Thag-a.291-vaḍ …

adjective sharp, bitter, acid, severe

1. severe, sharp (fig.), of dukkha, vedanā, kāmā, etc MN.i.10 = AN.ii.143; Ja.vi.115; Thig.451 (= Thag-a.281) SN-a.56
   ■ painful, terrible, frightful (-ap …

closeness, tightness close-fistedness, niggardliness. Explained as “the shrinking up of the heart,” which prevents the flow or manifestation of generosity. It occurs only in the stock phrase “vevicch …

adjective one who is fully accomplished, an Arahant; often with mahesi and uttamapurisa Defⁿ sabbaguṇa-paripuṇṇa sabba-yoga-visaṃyutta Snp-a.153
■ ye suvimuttā t …

(= khādiyati, Pass. of khādati; Dhtm.93 bhakkhaṇa)

1. to be eaten, chewed, eaten up, as by animals upacikāhi Vin.ii.113; suṇakhehi Pv.iii.7#8; puḷavehi Ja.iii.177; cp. Pv.iv.5#2 (cut in two)
2. to be …

…AN.i.138 (+ vilūna); Thig.255 (= vilūnakesa Thag-a.210).

Sk. khalati = Lat. calvus, bald; cp….

…abhiññeyyo dhātūnaṃ dhātuṭṭho, etc. Pts.i.17; cp. Pts.i.132; Pts.ii.121, Pts.ii.157 In def. of kāmâvacarā bhūmi Pts.i.83….

1. (adj.) broken, usually of teeth; Thig.260 (= Thag-a.211); Mil.342; Vism.51.
2. (m. nt.) a broken piece, a bit, camma˚ a strip of hide Vin.ii.122; coḷa˚ a bit of cloth Pv-a.70; pilotika˚ bits of r …

causing to be eaten (kind of punishment) Mil.197 (sunakhehi).

fr. khādāpeti

destroyed, exhausted, removed, wasted, gone; in compounds ˚-often to be translated “without.” It is mostly applied to the destruction of the passions (āsavā) & demerit (kamma). Khīṇā jāti “destroyed …

…p.34. Cp. also apakiritūna & okirati², okiraṇa
■ A secondary meaning of kirāṭa is that of a fraudulent merchant, a cheat…

…p.34. Cp. also apakiritūna & okirati², okiraṇa
■ A secondary meaning of kirāṭa is that of a fraudulent merchant, a cheat…

jackal DN.iii.25, DN.iii.26; MN.i.334; Mnd.149 (spelt koṭṭhu); Ja.vi.537 (˚sunā: explained by sigāla-sunakhā, katthu-soṇā ti pi pāṭho). kotthuka (and koṭṭhuka) = prec. SN.i.66 …

1. to beat, smash, crush, pound Ja.i.478 Ja.vi.366 (spelt ṭṭh); Dhp-a.i.25 (suvaṇṇaṃ) 165.
2. to make even (the ground or floor) Vin.ii.291 (in making floors); Ja.vi.332.
3. to cut, kill Snp-a.178 ( …

Koṭṭha¹

masculine neuter anything hollow and closed in (Cp. gabbha for both meanings) as

1. the stomach or abdomen Mil.265, Vism.357; Sdhp.257.
2. a closet, a monk’s cell, a storeroom MN. …

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

adjective bloody raw, cruel, in -kammanta following a cruel (bloody occupation (as hunting, fishing, bird killing, etc. AN.iii.383 = Pp.56 (expld. Pp-a.233 by dāruṇa˚, also at Pv-a.181).

Sk. krū …

adjective

1. (adj.) clever, skilful, expert; good, right, meritorious MN.i.226; Dhp.44; Ja.i.222 Esp. appl. in moral sense (= puñña), whereas akusala is practically equivalent to pāpa. ekam pi ce pāṇ …

adjective distorted bent, crooked, lame Pv.ii.9#26 (variant reading kuṇḍa; cp Pv-a.123. kuṇita paṭikuṇita an-ujubhūta); Dhp-a.iii.71 (kāṇa˚ blind and lame).

cp. kuṇi lame from *qer, to bend = G …

in kuṇalīkata and kuṇalīmukha contracted, contorted Pv.ii.9 ^26.28. (Hardy, but Minayeff and Hardy’s S.S. Kuṇḍalī˚), explained Pv-a.123 by mukhavikārena vikuṇitaṃ (or vikucitaṃ SS.) sakuṇit …

corpse, carcase, Vin.iii.68 = MN.i.73 = AN.iv.377 (ahi˚, kukkura˚, manussa pūti˚); AN.iv.198 sq.; Snp.205; Ja.i.61, Ja.i.146; Pv-a.15 Kaṇṭhe āsatto kuṇapo a corpse hanging round one’s neck MN.i.120; …

adjective deformed, paralysed (orig. bent, crooked, cp. kuṇa) only of the arm, acc. to Pp AN.iv.19 either of one or both arms (hands) Ja.i.353 (expl. kuṇṭhahattha) Dhp-a.i.376; Pp.51 (kāṇa, kuṇi, kha …

(or kuṇika) = kuṇa Pv-a.123, Pv-a.125 (or should it be kucita?). Cp. paṭi˚.

Name of a bird (the Indian cuckoo) Ja.v.214 sq. (kuṇāla-jātaka). Kuṇāla-daha “cuckoo-lake,” Name of one of the seven great lakes in the Himavant Vism.416.

the cuckoo Ja.v.406 (= kokila).

fr. kuṇāla

Kuṇḍalin¹

adjective wearing earrings SN.iv.343; Ja.v.136; Ja.vi.478. su˚; Vv.73#1. Cp. Maṭṭha˚ Np Dhp-a.i.25; Pv.ii.5.

fr. kuṇḍala

Kuṇḍalin²

in kuṇḍalī-kata contorted Pv. …

1. bent, lame; blunt (of a sword) Dhp-a.i.311 (˚kuddāla); Pp AN.i.34 (of asi, opp tikkhina); ˚tiṇa a kind of grass Vism.353.
2. a cripple Ja.ii.117.

cp. kuṇa and kuṇḍa

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…the fruit of a tree 8. asisūna, a slaughter-house 9. satti-sūla, a sharp stake 10. sappa-sira, a snake’s head, i.e. the bite of a…

,

1. 1. a deed, action, performance, esp. an act imposed or inflicted upon somebody by a higher authority (by the king as representative of justice or by kamma MN.iii.181; see *kamma …

compassion (usually with anudayā and anukampā) SN.ii.199; AN.iii.189; Vism.300; Pv-a.75; Sdhp.509.

fr. karuṇa

adjective compassionate, merciful Pv.ii.1#13; Pv-a.16; Bdhd 49; often with mahā˚: of great mercy Sdhp.330, Sdhp.557; so of the Buddha: mahākāruṇika nātha “the Saviour of great mercy” in introductor …

group, heap, collection, aggregate, body

Definitions and synonyms

Snp-a.31 gives the foll. synonyms and similes of kāya: kuṭī, guhā (Snp.772), deha, sandeha (Dhp.148 = Thag.20), nāvā (Dhp.3 …

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

1. sign, characteristic mark; esp. a sign as implying something extraordinary or pointing to the future, therefore a prognosticative mark (cp. talisman), a distinguishing mark or salient feature, prop …

Lakkhika & ˚ya

adjective belonging to auspices, favoured by good luck Sdhp.105 (˚ya); usually neg alakkhika unlucky, unfortunate, ill-fated; either with appa-puñña of no me …

Lakkhika & ˚ya

adjective belonging to auspices, favoured by good luck Sdhp.105 (˚ya); usually neg alakkhika unlucky, unfortunate, ill-fated; either with appa-puñña of no me …

Lasuṇa & Lasuna

neuter garlic Vin.ii.140; Vin.iv.258; Ja.i.474; Vv.43#6; Vv-a.186.

cp. Sk. laśuna

Lasuṇa & Lasuna

neuter garlic Vin.ii.140; Vin.iv.258; Ja.i.474; Vv.43#6; Vv-a.186.

cp. Sk. laśuna

brains Ja.i.493 (= matthalunga C.) = Dhp-a.i.145. Lasuna & Lasuna;

etym.?

cutting, reaping Mil.360.

fr. lunāti

Caus. of lunāti (q.v.).

…bhikkhūnaṃ uṇhaṃ l. mukhato uggañchi; cp. the similar passage at Mil.165); Snp.433; Pv.i.6#7; Pv.i.9#1 (explained as…

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

greediness, covetousness, self-indulgence, desire; in the language of the Abhidhamma often syn. with jappā or taṇhā. At Dhs-a.365 loluppa is treated as an adj. …

taking away, cutting off; as tt. g. apocope, elision (of the final letter) Vb-a.164 (sabba-loka-vohāra˚); Snp-a.12, Snp-a.303, Snp-a.508; Vv-a.79 often in anunāsika˚; dropping of (final) ṃ …

adjective

1. fierce, terrible; cruel, gruesome SN.i.143; AN.ii.174 (pāpa, l., kibbisa); AN.v.149; Pp.56; Vv.84#5 (= dāruṇā pisāc’-ādino Vv-a.335); Ja.v.243 (ṭhānaṃ niraya); Sdhp.286. The spelling * …

cutting, severing Snp-a.148 (niddānan ti chedanaṃ lunanaṃ uppāṭanaṃ).

for lūna(na), cp. lavana

…lunanti); Dhs-a.39
pp lūna (& luta); -Caus I. lāvayati Mhvs.10, Mhvs.30; Caus. ii. lavāpeti to cause to mow…

…or lūna, in meaning “cut, cut off”. Thus at SN.i.5 (nalo va harito luto), SN.i.126 = Ja.vi.25; and at…

…“pressed”; Nyānatiloka “cut”); Pv-a.47 (vilūna-kesa +).

pp. of luñcati

talking much, excited or empty talk, wailing Vb.100, Vb.138; Pts.i.38; Ne.29; Vb-a.104 (= punappunaṃ lapanaṃ). Lala(p)pana

fr. lālappati

Lāpa¹

talk: see compounds abhi˚, pa˚, sal˚.

fr. lap

Lāpa²

a sort of quail, Perdix chinensis SN.v.146 = Ja.ii.59. As lāpaka-sakuṇa also at Ja.ii.59-Another name for quai …

Lāvati & Lāveti

to cut, to mow Pv-a.40 (lāvitvā), Mhvs.10, Mhvs.30 (lāvayati).

the latter the usual form, as Caus. of lunāti. lāvati is the simple Pāli formation fr. lū Another Caus. ii. is *lavā …

Lāvati & Lāveti

to cut, to mow Pv-a.40 (lāvitvā), Mhvs.10, Mhvs.30 (lāvayati).

the latter the usual form, as Caus. of lunāti. lāvati is the simple Pāli formation fr. lū Another Caus. ii. is *lavā …

to cut (off), mow, reap; ger. lāyitvā AN.iii.365; Ja.i.215; Ja.iii.226; Vin.iii.64; Pv.i.8#1 (= lāvitvā Pv-a.40)
pp lāyita.

for. *lāvati, lū, for which …

cut, mowed, reaped Thig.107 (˚kesī); Ja.ii.365; Dāvs i.32. Cp. vi˚.

pp. of lunāti

Pass. of lunāti (q.v.).

the God of Death, the Buddhist Māra, or sometimes equivalent to Yama SN.i.156; Snp.357 (gen. maccuno), Snp.581 (instr maccunā), Snp.587; Thag.411; Dhp.21, Dhp.47, Dhp.128, Dhp.135, Dhp.150 Dhp.287; Vb …

adjective noun old, venerable, of great age an old man DN.i.90 (opp. taruṇa), DN.i.94, DN.i.114, DN.i.247; Snp.313, Snp.603; Cnd.261 (vuḍḍha m. andhagata etc. Ja.iv.482 (opp. dahara young); Vv.46#1 (= …

adjective great, extensive, big important, venerable
■ nom. mahā Snp.1008; Mhvs.22, Mhvs.27. Shortened to maha in cpd. pitāmaha (following a …

adjective middle, viz

1. of space: of moderate height DN.i.243 (contrasted with ucca & nīca).
2. of; time: of middle age Snp.216 (contrasted with dahara young & thera old).
3. often used adv. in …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

Mano & Mana(s)

neuter

I. Declension

Like all other nouns of old s-stems mano has partly retained the s forms (cp cetah → ceto) & partly follows the a-declension. The …

1. clay Ja.vi.372; Mhvs.29, Mhvs.5 sq
   ■ tamba˚; red clay Dhp-a.iv.106; Pv-a.191. mattikā pl. kinds of clay (used in cosmetics, like Fuller’s earth) Ja.v.89 (nānā-cunṇāni …

1. to think, to be of opinion, to imagine, to deem Snp.199 (sīsaṃ… subhato naṃ maññati bālo), Snp.588 (yena yena hi maññanti, tato taṃ hoti aññathā) Ja.ii.258 (maññāmi ciraṃ carissati: I imagine he wi …

(& -ṇa) an insect, bug or flea Ja.i.10; Ja.iii.423; Vism.109 (where kīla-mankula ought to be read as kīṭamankuna); Dhp-a.ii.12.

cp. late Sk. matkuṇa, see Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 6#3

1. a gem, jewel. At several places one may interpret as “crystal.” DN.i.7 (as ornament); Dhp.161; Ja.vi.265 (agghiya, precious). In simile at DN.i.76 (maṇi veḷuriyo). On maṇi in similes see J.P.T.S. …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) relating to sexual intercourse sexual, usually with dhamma, sex intercourse, in phrase ˚ṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevati to cohabit Vin.i.96; DN.ii.133; Snp.291, Sn …

1. one concerned with (illicit) sexual intercourse, a fornicator Mnd.139 (in a wider sense).
2. an associate Vin.iii.66.
3. (nt.) coitus Ja.ii.360 (= methuna-dhamma C.).

fr. methuna

to love, to be fat: “mejjati mettā siniyhatī ti attho” love, amity, sympathy, friendliness, active interest in others. There are var. def^ns & explains of mettā: the stereotype “*metti mettā …

adverb opposite reciprocally, contrary Snp.825, Snp.882 (taken by Mnd.163 Mnd.290, on both passages identically, as n. pl. of adj. instead of adv., & expl^d by “dve janā dve kalaha-kāraka” …

stupidity, dullness of mind & soul, delusion bewilderment, infatuation DN.iii.146, DN.iii.175, DN.iii.182, DN.iii.214, DN.iii.270; Vin.iv.144, Vin.iv.145; Snp.56, Snp.74, Snp.160, Snp.638, Snp.847; Vb …

making dull or stupid, infatuation, enticement, allurement Snp.399, Snp.772 (= mohanā vuccanti pañca kāmaguṇā Mnd.26). The Sk. meaning is also “sexual intercourse” (cp. Halāyudha p. 315), which may ap …

(˚-) adjective noun belonging to or untruth, false-; only in compounds -dhamma of a deceitful nature, false, AN.v.84 (kāma); Snp.739, Snp.757 & -vajja [fr. m …

one who feels (or senses) that which can be felt (or sensed), in phrase “mutaṃ na maññati motabbaṃ (so read) na maññati motāraṃ” he does not identify what is sensed with that which is not sensed nor …

soft-heartedness, kindliness sympathy. Often in triad mettā (“active love” Snp-a.128), karuṇā (“preventive love,” ibid.), muditā (“disinter …

adjective soft, mild, weak, tender DN.ii.17 = DN.iii.143 (+ taluṇa); AN.ii.151 (pañcindriyāni mudūni, soft, blunt weak: opp. tikkha); SN.ii.268 (˚taluṇa-hatthapādā) Snp.447 (= muduka Snp-a.393); Th …

1. the mouth Snp.608, Snp.1022 (with ref. to the long tongue, pahūta-jivha, of the Buddha or Mahāpurisa) Ja.ii.7; DN-a.i.287 (uttāna˚ clear mouthed, i.e. easy to understand, cp. DN.i.116); Pv-a.11, …

fathoming, recognising, knowing; a C. word to explain “muni,” used by Dhpāla at Vv-a.114 (mahā-isibhūtaṃ… mahanten’ eva ñāṇena munanato paricchindanato mahā muniṃ), & Vv-a.231 (anavasesassa ñeyyass …

holy man, a sage, wise man.

I

The term which was specialised in Brahmanism has acquired a general meaning in Buddhism & is applied by the Buddha to any man attaining perfection in self-rest …

to be a wise man or muni, to think, ponder, to know Dhp.269 (yo munāti ubho loke munī tena pavuccati), which is expl^d at Dhp-a.iii.396 as follows: “yo puggalo… tulaṃ āropetvā minanto viya …

thought, supposed, imagined (i.e. received by other vaguer sense impressions than by sight & hearing) MN.i.3; Snp.714 (= phusan’ arahaṃ Snp-a.498), Snp.812; Ja.v.398 (= anumata C.) Vb.14, Vb.429 sq …

garlic Vin.iv.259 (lasuṇaṃ nāma māgadhakaṃ vuccati).

māgadha + ka, lit. “from Magadha”

deerstalker, huntsman AN.ii.207; Pp.56; Mil.364, Mil.412; Pv-a.207.

guṇa-form to *mṛga = P. miga; Sk. mārgavika

garland, wreath, chaplet; collectively = flowers; fig. row, line Snp.401; Pp.56 Vism.265 (in simile); Pv.ii.3#16 (gandha, m., vilepana as a “lady’s” toilet outfit); Pv.ii.4#9 (as one of the 8 or 10 st …

Māsa¹

a month, as the 12^th part of the year. The 12 months are (beginning with what chronologically corresponds to our middle of March) Citta (Citra), Vesākha, Jeṭṭha, Āsāḷha, S …

only instr. māsalunā Mil.292, Trenckner says (note p. 428): “m. is otherwise unknown it must mean a period shorter than 5 months. Cp. Sk. māsala.” Rh. D. (trsl. ii.148) translates “got in a month,” …

1. a water course Vism.554 (˚âtikkamaka); Mhvs.35, Mhvs.96; Mhvs.37, Mhvs.50; Snp-a.500 (= sobbha); Dhp-a.ii.141 (its purpose: “ito c’ ito ca udakaṃ haritvā attano sassa-kammaṃ sampādenti”); Vv-a. …

adjective auspicious, fortunate, bringing about fulfilment of wishes Ja.vi.179.

fr. mangala

barber, who has also the business of preparing & giving baths (cp. absolutive “bader”) a bath-attendant ‣See kappaka. Barbers ranked as a low class socially, and rebirth in a barbe …

the stars or constellations, a conjunction of the moon with diff. constellations, a lunar mansion or the constellations of the lunar zodiac, figuring also as Names of months & determinant factors of h …

Nala & Naḷa

a species of reed; reed in general Vin.iv.35; AN.ii.73; Dhp.337; Cnd.680#ii; Ja.i.223; Ja.iv.141 Ja.iv.396 (n. va chinno); Pv.i.11#6 (id.); Dhp-a.iii.156; Dhp-a.iv.43 See also nāḷa, nāḷ …

at Pv.ii.6#7 used either as interj. (= nanu, q.v.) or as voc. in the sense of “dear”; the first explⁿ to be preferred & n. probably to be read as nanu (variant reading nuna or; *[handa](/de …

indeclinable

1. part. of affirmation (cp. na¹): surely, certainly Pv.ii.6#7 (so to be read for nanda? variant reading BB nuna); Manor. Pūr. on AN.v.194 (Andersen P. R. 91)
2. part. of inte …

Nava¹

(num.) number nine. gen
■ dat. navannaṃ (Snp.p.87) instr
■ abl. navahi (Vv-a.76), loc. navasu.

Meaning and Application: The primitive-Aryan importance of the “mystic” nine i …

adjective noun “leading”; usually m: way (fig.), method, plan, manner; inference; sense, meaning (in grammar); behaviour, conduct AN.ii.193 = Cnd.151 (˚hetu through inference); Ne.2 (method), Ne.4 (id …

Nala & Naḷa

a species of reed; reed in general Vin.iv.35; AN.ii.73; Dhp.337; Cnd.680#ii; Ja.i.223; Ja.iv.141 Ja.iv.396 (n. va chinno); Pv.i.11#6 (id.); Dhp-a.iii.156; Dhp-a.iv.43 See also nāḷa, nāḷ …

Neḷa & Nela

(adj.)

1. without fault or sin blameless, faultless; not hurting, humane, gentle merciful, innocuous DN.i.4 (Bdhgh explains: elaṃ vuccati doso; n’ assā (i.e. vācāya) elan ti nelā; niddos …

experience, skill, cleverness Pp.25, Pp.35; Dhs.16, Dhs.292; Dhs-a.147.

fr. nipuṇa

sword Ja.ii.77 (˚vara-dhārin; C. nettiṃsā vuccanti khaggā); Ja.iv.118 (C. gives it as adj. = nikkaruṇa merciless; & says “khaggassa nāmaṃ”); Ja.vi.188 (˚varadhārin).

cp. Sk. nistriṃśa, Halāyudha 2, …

Neḷa & Nela

(adj.)

1. without fault or sin blameless, faultless; not hurting, humane, gentle merciful, innocuous DN.i.4 (Bdhgh explains: elaṃ vuccati doso; n’ assā (i.e. vācāya) elan ti nelā; niddos …

Ni˚

Nearly all (ultimately prob. all) words under this heading are compounds with the pref. ni.

A. Forms

1. Pāli ni˚; combines the two prefixes ni, nis (nir). They ar …

1. to bind Mil.79.
2. to mix, apply, prepare Vin.ii.151 (anibandhanīya unable to be applied, not binding); Ja.i.201 (yāgubhattaṃ).
3. to press, urge, importune Ja.iii.277.

ni + bandhati

adjective not disagreeing, of one accord, unanimous Vin.ii.65; Dhp-a.i.34.

nis + vimati + ka

adjective free from fear or danger, fearless, unafraid Ja.i.274; Ja.iii.80; Ja.v.287; Vism.512.

nis + bhaya

adjective (lit.) extinguished (of fire), cooled, quenched (fig. desireless (often with nicchāta & sītibhūta), appeased pleased, happy

1. (lit.) aggi anāhāro n. MN.i.487; Snp.19 (ginī n. = magga-sali …

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

(& variant reading; nicchādeti) to shake or throw about, only in phrase odhunāti nidhunāti nicchodeti at SN.iii.155 = MN.i.229 MN.i.374 = AN.iii.365, where S has correct read …

to shake off SN.iii.155; AN.iii.365 (odhunāti + ; spelt nidhunāti) MN.i.229; Thag.416; Pv-a.256 (= odhunāti).

Sk. nirdhunoti, nis + dhunāti

cutting off, mowing, destroying Snp.78 (= chedana lunana uppāṭana Snp-a.148) = SN.i.172; K.S. i.319, cp. niḍḍāyati.

Sk. *nirdāna, nis + dāna of dayati², Sk. dāti, cp. dātta

adjective

1. going out, proceeding from (abl.): dahato niggatā nadī (a river issuing from a lake) Pv-a.152.
2. (= nigata? or = nis + gata “of ill fate”) destined, fateful; miserable unfortunate Pv\ …

having a bad “gati” or fate, ill-fated, bad, unfortunate, miserable Ja.iii.538 (variant reading BB as gloss, nikkāruṇika); Ja.iv.48 (variant reading BB nikatika).

Sk. *nirgatika, nis + gati-ka

adjective devoid of good qualities, bad Mil.180.

Sk. nirguṇa, nis + guṇa

to be left, to come to ruin, to be destroyed AN.i.126 = Ja.iii.324 (= vināsaṃ pāpuṇāti). pp. nihīna (q.v.).

ni + hīyati, Pass. of hā, see jahāti

Err:509

adjective without compassion, heartless Snp.244 (= sattānaṃ anatthakāma); Sdhp.508.

nis + karuṇa, adj. of karuṇā

heartlessness Pv-a.55.

Sk. niṣkaruṇatā; nis + karuṇā

collection (“body”) assemblage, class, group.

1. generally (always-˚): eka˚; one class of beings Dhs-a.66; tiracchāna˚; the animal kingdom SN.iii.152; deva˚; the assembly of the gods, the g …

1. sign, omen, portent, prognostication DN.i.9 (study of omens = n. satthaṃ DN-a.i.92, q.v. for detailed explⁿ); Ja.i.11 (caturo nimitte nâddasaṃ); Mil.79, Mil.178 Esp. as pubba˚; signs …

adjective without egotism, not false, not slandering Snp.56 (cp Cnd.356 makkha = niṭṭhuriya; see also Snp-a.108; paraguṇa-vināsana-lakkhaṇo makkho).

nis + makkha, cp. Sk. nirmatsara

adjective clever, skilful, accomplished; fine, subtle, abstruse DN.i.26≈(n. gambhīra dhamma), DN.i.162 (paṇḍita +); MN.i.487 (dhamma); SN.i.33; SN.iv.369; AN.iii.78; Snp.1126 (= gambhīra duddasa etc. …

purgatory, hell, a place of punishment & torture, where sin is atoned (i.e. kamma ripens = paccati, is literally boiled) by terrible ordeals (kāraṇāni) similar to & partly identical with those of Hade …

…SN.iii.170 (catunnaṁ dhātūnaṁ); SN.iv.7 sq. (identical); SN.v.121 sq. AN.i.258 AN.i.260 AN.ii.10 (kāmānaṁ etc.); AN.iii.245 sq.; AN.iv.76…

adjective unattached, unobstructed, disinterested, unselfish Sdhp.371, Sdhp.398, Sdhp.411 etc.; Tikp.10 f. abstr. -tā disinterestedness Ja.i.46.

nis + sanga

adjective hanging on, dependent on, inhabiting; attached to, supported by, living by means of, relying on, being founded or rooted in, bent on As-˚ often in sense of a prep. = by means of, on account …

groaning, moaning DN-a.i.291 (variant reading BB. ˚ṭhuna). As nitthunana Vism.504.

nis + thanana, abstr. to thaneti

Nitthanati & Nitthunati

to moan, groan:

1. -thanati Ja.i.463; Ja.ii.362; Ja.iv.446; Ja.v.296; DN-a.i.291
2. -thunati Vin.ii.222; Ja.v.295, Ja.v.389; Vism.311; Vv-a.224. Cp nitthuna.

Sk. nis …

1. (of thunati¹) moan, groan DN-a.i.291 (as variant reading BB for nitthanana)-
2. (of thunati²) blame, censure, curse Pv-a.76 (˚ṃ karoti to revile or curse).

Sk. *nis-stan …

Nitthunati

etc., see nitthanati etc.

Nitthanati & Nitthunati

to moan, groan:

1. -thanati Ja.i.463; Ja.ii.362; Ja.iv.446; Ja.v.296; DN-a.i.291
2. -thunati Vin.ii.222; Ja.v.295, Ja.v.389; Vism.311; Vv-a.224. Cp nitthuna.

Sk. nis …

food thrown (for feeding), fodder, bait; gift, portion, ration MN.i.151 sq. (Nivāpa-sutta); Ja.i.150; Ja.iii.271; Dhp-a.i.233 (share); Dhp-a.iii.303; Vv-a.63 (diguṇaṃ ˚ṃ pacitvā cooking a double p …

…out, spittle Ja.i.47; Pv-a.80 (= kheḷa, variant reading SS niṭṭhuvana, BB niṭhūna).

Sk. niṣṭhīvana, see…

…of time = now; cp. Lat. num (to nunc, now), see nūna

adverb variously differently.

1. (abs.) AN.i.138 (on different sides, viz right ↔ left). Snp.878 (= na ekaṁ Snp-a.554 = vividhaṁ aññoññaṁ puthu na ekaṁ Mnd.285), Snp.884 sq.
2. more frequently in co …

adjective dark-blue, blue-black blue-green. Nīla serves as a general term to designate the “coloured-black,” as opposed to the “colouredwhite” (pīta yellow), which pairs (nīla-pīta) are both set …

…indeed Snp.1058 (api nūna pajaheyyuṃ); AN.v.194; Ja.i.60; Ja.v.90; Pv.ii.9#24 (nuna) Mil.20; Dhs-a.164; Pv-a.95 (nuna as variant…

…fresh, new Dāvs iv.47.

Vedic nūtana, adj
■ formation fr. adv. nū, cp. nūna. In formation cp. Sk. śvastana (of to-morrow) Lat. crastinus…

Initial o in Pali may represent a Vedic o or a Vedic au (see ojas, ogha, etc.). Or it may be guṇa of u (see oḷārika opakammika, etc.). But it is usually a prefix representing Vedi …

to shake off MN.i.229; SN.iii.155; AN.iii.365 (+ niddhunāti); Pv.iv.3#54 (variant reading BB ophun˚, SS otu˚) = Pv-a.256; Vin.ii.317 (Bdhgh. in expl^n. of ogumphetvā of CV. v.11, 6; p. 117 …

1. put down into, deposited Dhp.150.
2. put down, laid down, taken off, relieved of, in phrase ohitabhāro (arahaṃ) (a Saint) who has laid down the burden: see arahatta iii. C.; …

…(= chaḍḍīyati Pv-a.174); grd. ˚kiriya (see sep.). See also apakiritūna. pp okiṇṇa.

ava + kirati

Omāna¹

disregard, disrespect, contempt Dhp-a.ii.52 (+ atimāna) Cp. foll. & see also; avamāna.

fr. o + man, think. The Sk. avamāna is later

Omāna²

at …

also as opuṇāti (Dh) to winnow, sift; fig. lay bare, expose Dhp.252 (= bhusaṃ opuṇanto viya Dhp-a.iii.375); Snp-a.312
caus opunāpeti [cp. BSk. opunāpeti Mvu.iii.178] to caus …

1. a mountain (-range), hill, rock SN.i.101 SN.i.102, SN.i.127, SN.i.137; SN.ii.32, SN.ii.185, SN.ii.190; AN.i.243; AN.ii.140; AN.iv.102 (dhūpāyati); Snp.413, Snp.417, Snp.543, Snp.958, Snp.1014; Mnd …

destruction, breaking up, brittleness Pts.ii.238 (calato pabhangato addhuvato) but id. p. at Cnd.214#ii and Mil.418 read “calato pabhanguto addhuvato.” Pabhangu, Pabhanguna & gura;

fr. pa + bhañj

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

Pabhaṅgu, Pabhaṅguṇa & ˚gura

adjective brittle, easily destroyed, perishable frail.

1. pabhaṅgu: SN.iii.32; SN.v.92; AN.i.254, AN.i.257 sq. AN.iii.16; Dhs-a.380; Sdhp.51, Sdhp …

see patissuṇāṭi.

to be boiled, fig. to be formented or vexed, to suffer. Nearly always applied to the torture of boiling in Niraya, where it is meant literally
■ SN.i.92; SN.v.344 (kālena paccanti read for kāle na p …

to lead back to (acc.) Pv.ii.11#6 (= punar āneti C.).

paṭi + ā + neti

adjective learned, full of knowledge, clever, well-acquainted, familiar DN.iii.170; Vv.53#2 (= nipuṇa Vv-a.232); Ja.ii.243; Ja.iv.130; Ja.v.399; Vism.95 (Majjhimo me paguṇo: I am well versed in the …

Paguṇatta (nt.) (doubtful) abstr. to paguṇa in explⁿ of pāguññatā at Dhs.48 & Dhs.49 (trsl. fitness competence).

Pakkha¹

1. side of the body, flank wing, feathers (cp. pakkhin), in compounds -biḷāla a flying fox (sort of bat) Bdhgh on ulūka-camma at Vin.i.186 (MV. Vin.v.2, 4; cp. Vin. Texts ii.1 …

Pakkhika

adjective

1. belonging or referring to the (2) lunar fortnights fortnightly, for a fortnight or in the (specified) fortnight of the month (cp. Vin. Texts iii.220). As one special provisio …

adjective noun

1. winged the winged one, a bird DN.i.71 (+ sakuṇa = pakkhayutto sakuṇo DN-a.i.208) = AN.ii.209 = AN.v.206 = Pp.58; SN.ii.231; Snp.606 (= sakuṇo Snp-a.465); Pv.iii.5#3 (˚gaṇā = saku …

1. make-up, getting up, fixing, arrangement, preparation mode, way, manner Ja.ii.222; DN-a.i.132; Pv-a.26 Pv-a.109, Pv-a.123, Pv-a.135, Pv-a.178, Pv-a.199; Sdhp.94, Sdhp.466.
2. ingredient fla …

only neg. ap˚; immeasurableness Vb.272 sq. (catasso appamaññāyo viz. mettā, karuṇā, muditā, upekhā). See appamaññā.

abstr. fr. pamāṇa, for *pamānyā, grd. form. of pa + *[mā …

indeclinable adversative & interrogative particle, sometimes (originally, cp. puna “again, further”) merely connecting & continuing the story

1. (adversative) but, on the contrary Ja.i.222; Ja.ii.159 …

number, adjective fifteen (and fifteenth), usually referring to the 15th day of the lunar month, i.e. the full-moon day Snp.153 (pannaraso uposatho); pannarase on the 15^th day SN.i.191 = …

adjective belonging to the 15^th day (of the lunar month) Vin.iv.315.

fr. pannarasa

to come or go (by) a road, roadway, path SN.i.18 (gen. pl. panthānaṃ kantāramagga C; “jungle road” trsl.); Snp.121 (loc panthasmiṃ); Cnd.485 B (+ patha in explⁿ of magga) Mil.157 (see pant …

to obtain, get, gain, receive, attain DN.iii.159, DN.iii.165; Snp.185, Snp.187, Snp.584; Dhp.27; Dhp-a.i.395
pot 1^st pl pappomu Ja.v.57 (= pāpuṇeyyāma C.)
ger *[pappuyya](/define/pap …

adverb adjective

1. (adv. & prep.) beyond, on the further side of (with abl. or loc.), over Pv-a.168 (para Gangāya, variant reading ˚āyaṃ). See in same meaning & application paraṃ, paro and parā & c …

1. in flames, set ablaze Thig.200 (= punappunaṃ ādīpitatāya p. Thag-a.170),
2. explained made clear, illuminated Vism.58; Kvu-a.8 Sdhp.305.

pp. of paridīpeti

to fulfil; to fill (up), make more full, supplement, fill out, add to DN.i.74 (parisandeti p. parippharati; DN-a.i.217 explains as “vāyunā bhastaṃ viya pūreti”); DN.ii.221; MN.iii.92; SN.i.27 (devakā …

Paritta¹

adjective small, little, inferior, insignificant limited, of no account, trifling Vin.i.270; DN.i.45; MN.iii.148 (˚ābha of limited splendour, opp. appamāṇ’ ābha); SN.ii.98; SN.iv. …

making resound, resounding, in cpd godhā˚; “string-resounding,” i.e. a string instrument lute Ja.vi.580 (cp. Sk *parivāda an instrument with which the lute is played)
■ Another *[parivadentikā]( …

…in explⁿ of nūna). Usually in phrase cetasā ceto- parivitakka mental reflection, e.g….

… ■ nt. ˚ṃ reflection, thinking over Pv-a.123 (˚e with ref. to nūna, i.e. particle of reflection).

pp. of…

Pariyatta¹

neuter learning understanding, comprehension, only in phrase indriyaparo pariyatta (-ñāṇa) (knowledge of) what goes on in the intentions of others AN.v.34, AN.v.38; Pts.i.121 …

1. adequacy, accomplishment, sufficiency capability, competency; indriya-paro˚; efficiency in the (knowledge of) thoughts of others SN.v.205; Ne.101 Three accomplishments are distinguished at DN-a …

“taking up completely,” i.e. using up, consummation, consumption finishing, end MN.i.487 (kaṭṭha˚, opp. to upādāna) SN.i.152; SN.iii.16 sq. (cetaso p., cp. pariyādāya & ˚dinna), SN.iv.33 (sabb’ upādān …

1. learned by heart, known Mnd.234 = Cnd.386 (Buddhavacana).
2. learned, accomplished DN-a.i.21
   ■ See also pariyatta².

pp. of pariyāpuṇāti

mastery over, accomplishment in (gen.) Vism.442 (Buddhavacanassa).

abstr. formⁿ fr. pariyāpuṇāti

1. to learn (by heart), to master, to gain mastership over, to learn thoroughly Vin.iv.305 (parittaṃ a charm) DN.i.117 (= jānāti DN-a.i.117); AN.iii.86 (dhammaṃ); fut pariyāpuṇissati Dhp-a.i.382 ( …

touched, grasped, usually in bad sense: succumbing to, defiled, corrupted DN.i.17 for a different, commentarial interpretation see Parāmāsa (evaṃ˚ so acquired or taken up; cp. DN-a.i.107 nirāsanka\ …

…Snp.858; gen. pl. pasūnaṃ Snp.311; Pv.ii.2#5
■ dupasu bad cattle Thag.446.

Vedic paśu, cp. Lat. pecu & pecunia, Gr.; πέκος…

…cakkhu˚ Ja.iv.403 (= cakkhūnaṃ etaṃ nāmaṃ C.); catummahā˚ AN.iii.28, AN.iii.42, AN.iii.394; dve˚ Vv.53#17; nakkhatta˚ Dhp.208;…

Paṭissā & Patissā

feminine deference, obedience, only in cpd. sappaṭissa (q.v. obedient, deferential Iti.10 (sappatissa); Vv.84#41 (cp Vv-a.347), & appaṭissa disobedient, n …

Patta¹

neuter

1. the wing of a bird, a feather Vin.iv.259; DN.i.71. kukkuṭa˚ a hen’s quill (for sewing) Vin.ii.215
2. a leaf MN.i.429; Snp.44 = Snp.64 (sañchinna˚, see Cnd.625); Snp.625 ( …

adjective to be gained or attained; nt. that which can be attained or won Snp-a.443. See also pattiya².

grd. of pāpuṇāti

Patti¹

on foot, one who is on foot, a foot-soldier Vin.iv.105 (as one of the 4 constituents of a senā or army, viz. hatthī elephants, assā horses, rathā chariots, pattī …

Pattiya¹

adjective noun believing, trusting, relying Ja.v.414 (para˚) (m.) belief, trust Ja.v.231 (parapattiyena by relying on others), Ja.v.233 (id.), Ja.v.414 (id.).

for *pratyaya = pa …

see pāpuṇāti.

1. a braid of hair, i.e. the hair twisted & unadorned AN.iii.56
2. a mat, cover DN.i.7 ≈ (see *ajina*˚).
3. custom, usage, wont, tradition Ja.i.89 Ja.ii.353; Ja.v.285; Ja.vi.380 (kula …

1. “to sit close round,” i.e. to attend on (acc.), to honour, pay homage, worship DN.i.47; DN.ii.257; MN.ii.117, SN.i.146; AN.i.124, AN.i.126, AN.i.142; AN.iv.337; Dhp.64 Dhp.65; Thag.1236; Ja.vi.222 …

…Vin.ii.285 (ūna-pañcasatāni) Ja.ii.93 (accharā); Ja.v.75 (vāṇijā); Dhp-a.i.89 (suvaṇṇasivikā), Dhp-a.i.352…

indeclinable directional prefix in well-defined meaning of “back (to), against towards, in opposition to, opposite.” As preposition (with acc. and usually postponed) towards, near by, at usually …

lit. “resolving continuous breaking up,” i.e. analysis, analytic insight discriminating knowledge. See full discussion explⁿ of term at Kvu translation 377–⁠382. Always referred to as “the …

to follow, pursue, indulge in (acc.) practise Vin.ii.296 (methunaṃ dhammaṃ); MN.i.10; AN.ii.54 (methunaṃ); Ja.i.437; Ja.vi.73, Ja.vi.505; Dhp.67; Mnd.496 Pp.62; Mil.224; Dhp-a.ii.40; Pv-a.130; Sdhp. …

to assent, promise, agree aor. paccassosi Vin.i.73; DN.i.236; SN.i.147, SN.i.155; Snp.p.50, and paṭisuṇi Snp-a.314; ger. -suṇitvā freq. in formula “sādhū ti patissuṇitvā” asserting his agreement, …

Paṭissā & Patissā

feminine deference, obedience, only in cpd. sappaṭissa (q.v. obedient, deferential Iti.10 (sappatissa); Vv.84#41 (cp Vv-a.347), & appaṭissa disobedient, n …

(pekkh˚) neuter

1. a wing Thag.211 (su˚ with beautiful feathers), Thag.1136; Ja.i.207
2. a peacock’s tail-feathers Ja.vi.218 (= morapiñja C.), Ja.vi.497 (citrapekkhuṇaṃ moraṃ).

not with Childers fr …

[abstr. fr. pisuṇa, cp. Epic Sk. paiśunya. The other (diaeretic) forms are pesuṇiya & pesuṇeyya backbiting, calumny, slander MN.i.110; DN.iii.69; AN.iv.401; Vin.iv.12; Mnd.232, Mnd.260; Pv-a.12, Pv-a.15.

Err:508

adjective slanderous, calumnious Pv-a.12, Pv-a.13. Pesuniya & Pesuneyya;

fr. pesuṇa

Phagguṇī (f.) Name of a month (Feb. 15^th–March 15^th), marking the beginning of Spring; always with ref. to the spring full moon, as phagguṇa-puṇṇamā at Vism.418; phagguṇi˚ J …

adjective at Ja.v.92 is of doubtful meaning. It cannot very well mean “bearing fruit”, since it is used as epithet of a bird (˚sakuṇī). The Cy explⁿ is sakuṇa-potakānaṃ phalinattā (being a …

adjective

1. (lit.) rough Pv.ii.4#1.
2. (fig.) harsh, unkind, rough (of speech) Vin.ii.290 (caṇḍa +); Pv.ii.3#4; Pv.iii.5#7 Ja.v.296; Kv.619. In combination with vācā we find both …

to shake, sprinkle, of doubtful spelling, at Ja.vi.108 (angārakāsuṃ ph.; variant reading punanti perhaps better; C. explains by vidhunati & okirati). Perhaps we should read; dhunati.

?

Phussa¹

1. see phussa³ 2.
2. Name of a month (Dec
   ■ Jan. Ja.i.86. Name of a lunar mansion or constellation Vv.53#4 (= phussa-tārakā Vv-a.236)
   ■ Fr …

adjective slippery Vism.264; Vb-a.247 (lasikā = p-kuṇapaṃ); Dhp-a.iii.4 (˚magga).

cp. Class. Sk. picchila

small stick skewer Vin.ii.116, cp. Bdhgh on p. 317: “daṇḍakathina-ppamāṇena kaṭasārakassa pariyante paṭisaṃharitvā duguṇa-karaṇa.” See also Vin Texts iii.94.

etym.? Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. s …

adjective backbiting, calumnious, malicious MN.iii.33, MN.iii.49; Ja.i.297 Pp.57; Pv-a.15, Pv-a.16. Usually combined with vācā malicious speech, slander, pisuṇavācā and *[pisuṇāv …

1. a demon goblin, sprite DN.i.54 (T. pesācā, variant reading pisācā, explained at DN-a.i.164 as “pisācā mahanta-mahantā sattā ti vadati”), DN.i.93; SN.i.209; AN.iii.69; Ud.5; Ja.i.235; Ja.iv.495 (y …

…(id.); Pv.ii.8#4 pitūnaṃ Iti.110; loc. pitusu Thig.499; Ja.i.152 (mātā˚) and pitūsu Pv-a.3 (mātā˚). Further: abl. sg….

(peacock’s) tail-feather Ja.i.38 (mora˚ kalāpa), Ja.i.207 (= pekkhuṇa); Ja.iii.226 (BB piccha & miccha); DN-a.i.41 (mora˚); Dhp-a.i.394 (id.); Vv-a.147 (mayūra˚; BB piñcha, SS pakkha); Pv-a.142 ( …

adjective leading to rebirth MN.i.48, MN.i.299, MN.i.464, MN.i.532; SN.iii.26; SN.iv.186; DN.iii.57; AN.ii.11 sq., AN.ii.172; AN.iii.84, AN.iii.86; AN.v.88; Ne.72; Vism.506 Vb-a.110.

fr. punabbhava, …

(-˚)

1. the young of an animal MN.i.104 (kukkuṭa˚); Ja.i.202 (supaṇṇa˚), Ja.i.218 (hatthi˚); Ja.ii.288 (assa˚ colt); Ja.iii.174 (sakuṇa˚); Pv-a.152 (gaja˚)
   ■ f potikā Ja.i.207 (haṃsa˚); Ja.i …

tail Dhs-a.365 (dog’s tail) See puñcikata.

cp. Vedic puccha (belonging with punar to Lat. puppis) & P. piccha

(Pumā) a male, a man, nom sg. pumo D n.273; Cp.ii.6#2; instr. pumunā Ja.vi.550. nom. pl pumā DN.iii.85 (itthi-pumā men & women; variant reading K ˚purisā); Ja.iii.459; acc. sg. pumaṃ Ja.v.154 (gata, …

indeclinable again. There are several forms of this adv., but puna has to be considered as the orig. Pali form. The form puno is doubtful; if authentic, a Sanskritisation; only fou …

to experience (over & over) again: in this meaning at Iti.1 sq. & Mnd.202 Cnd.337 (kilese na p. na pacceti etc.); perhaps also at Thag.533 (sattayugaṃ), although Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. takes it …

1. to clean, cleanse Vv-a.19 (+ visodheti, in def. of puñña).
2. to sift Ja.vi.108 (angāraṃ p. = attano sīse angāre p. okirati C. so read with variant reading for phunati T.); DN-a.i.268 (bhusaṃ pu …

indeclinable prep. c. abl. “before” (only temporal) Vin.iv.17 (purāruṇā = purā aruṇā before dawn); Snp.849 (purā bhedā before dissolution (of the body), after which the Suttanta is named Purābhedasutt …

merit meritorious action, virtue. Always represented as foundation and condition of heavenly rebirth & a future blissful state, the enjoyment (& duration) of which depends on the amount of merit accum …

full seldom by itself (only passage so far pannarase puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā DN.i.47 = Snp.p.139). nor-(only Snp.835 muttakarīsa˚), usually in compounds, and there mostly restricted to phrases rela …

being familiar with, experience Dhs.48, Dhs.49; Vism.463 sq. Vism.466.

abstr. of pāguñña, which is der. fr. paguna

1. (m.) a guest AN.iii.260; Ja.vi.24, Ja.vi.516.
2. (nt.) meal for a guest DN.i.97 = MN.ii.154; Vism.220; DN-a.i.267.

fr. pa + ā + hu, see also āhuna & der.

1. (m.) a guest Ja.i.197; Ja.iv.274; Mil.107; DN-a.i.267, DN-a.i.288; Dhp-a.ii.17.
2. (nt.) meal for a guest SN.i.114.

fr. pāhuna

adjective worthy of hospitality, deserving to be a guest DN.iii.5; SN.i.220 SN.ii.70; AN.ii.56; AN.iii.36, AN.iii.134, AN.iii.248, AN.iii.387; AN.iv.13 sq.; AN.v.67 AN.v.198; Iti.88; Vism.220.

fr. pā …

Pāpeti¹

to make bad, bring into disgrace Vin.iv.5
pp pāpita.

Denom. fr. pāpa

Pāpeti²

to make attain, to let go to, to cause to reach, to bring to Ja.iv. …

attainment Ja.iv.306.

fr. pāpuṇāti

to reach, attain, arrive at, obtain, get to learn
pres pāpuṇāti Vin.ii.208; Ja.iv.285; Ja.vi.149; Pp.70; DN-a.21; Pv-a.74, Pv-a.98 Pv-a.125, Pv-a.195; and *[pappoti](/defi …

adjective noun

1. as adv. (˚-) beyond, over, across, used as prep. with abl., e.g. pāra-Gangāya beyond the G. SN.i.207, SN.i.214; Snp-a.228. See under cpds
2. as nt. the other side, the opposi …

Pāṭipada¹

adjective following the (right) Path MN.i.354 = Iti.80 (+ sekha).

the adj. form of paṭipadā

Pāṭipada²

lit, “entering, beginning”; the first day of the lunar fortni …

adjective belonging to the 1^st day of the lunar fortnight; only with ref. to bhatta (food & in combⁿ with pakkhika & uposathika, i.e. food given on the half- …

Pīta¹

1. having drunk or (pred.) being drunk (as liquid) SN.i.212 (madhu˚); Ja.i.198; Pv-a.25 (with asita, khāyita & sāyita as fourfold food).
2. soaked or saturated with (-˚), in *kasāya …

getting or being full, fulness Vin.ii.239 (opp. unattaṃ).

abstr. fr. pūra

…it to pūreti (“kulassa ekūnaṃ dāsa-sataṃ pūrayamāno jāto” i.e. making the hundred of servants full). 2. (nt.) an expletive particle…

adjective putrid, stinking, rotten, fetid DN.ii.353 (khaṇḍāni pūtīni); MN.i.73, MN.i.89 = MN.iii.92 (aṭṭhikāni pūtīni); Vin.iii.236 (anto˚); SN.iii.54; Pv.i.3#2; Pv.i.6#1 (= kuṇapagandha Pv-a.32); Vi …

-R-

the letter (or sound) r, used as euphonic consonant to avoid hiatus. The sandhi-r-originates from the final r of nouns in ˚ir & ˚ur of the Vedic period. In Pali it is felt as euphonic conso …

adjective of the nature of rajas, i.e. leading to lust, apt to rouse excitement, enticing lustful.

1. As epithet of rūpa (vedanā saññā etc.) SN.iii.79; also at DN.i.152 sq. (dibbāni …

usually intrs. rajjati (q.v.). As rajitabba (grd.) in meaning “to be bleached” (dhovitabba +) only in meaning “bleach” (as compared with *[dhovati](/define …

the sun Ja.ii.375 (taruṇa˚-vaṇṇaratha).

• -inda “king of the sun,” Name of the lotus Dāvs iii.37
• -haṃsa “sun-swan,” Name of a bird Ja.vi.539.

cp. Sk. ravi

shouted, cried, uttered Mil.178 (sakuṇa-ruta˚).

pp. of ravati

devoid, empty, free, rid (of) MN.i.207 (+ tuccha), MN.i.414; Vin.i.157 = Vin.ii.216; Snp.823 (emancipated: ritto muni = vivitta etc. Mnd.158), Snp.844 (opp. to aritta); Thig.265 (see rindi); Ja.i.29 …

…(cp. lūx light, lūmen, lūna etc.); Sk. rocana splendid, ruci light, roka & rukṣa light; Av. raocantshining; Gr. αμφι λύκη…

tree. In the rukkha-mūlik’ anga (see below) Bdhgh at Vism.74 gives a list of trees which are not to be selected for the practice of “living at the root of a tree.” These are sīmantarika-rukkha, ceti …

noise, sound(ing); cry, singing Thag.1103; Ja.i.207 (T. reading ruda is explained in C. as ruta with -da for -ta: ta-kārassa dakāro kato); Ja.iii.276 (sabba-ruta-jānana-man …

…Mhvs.18, Mhvs.32; and rājūnaṃ Vin.i.228; Ud.11; Ja.ii.104; Ja.iii.487; Snp-a.484; Pv-a.101, Pv-a.133;
■ instr. raññāhi AN.i.279…

…Mhvs.18, Mhvs.32; and rājūnaṃ Vin.i.228; Ud.11; Ja.ii.104; Ja.iii.487; Snp-a.484; Pv-a.101, Pv-a.133;
■ instr. raññāhi AN.i.279…

1. heap, quantity, mass Iti.17; usually -˚, e.g. aṅgāra˚ heap of cinders Ja.i.107; kaṇikārapuppha˚ of k. flowers Vv-a.65; kahāpaṇa˚ of money Pv-a.162; tila˚ of seeds Vv-a.54; dhañña˚ of …

form, figure, appearance, principle of form, etc.

1. Definitions. According to P. expositors rūpa takes its designation fr. ruppati, e.g. “ruppanato rūpaṃ” Vism.588; “ruppan’ a …

lit. ascent, growth see *vi*˚
■ fig. what has grown by custom tradition, popular meaning of a word (˚sadda). The fig. meaning is the one usually found in Pāli, esp. in Abhidhamma and …

adjective grassy Thag.211; Ja.i.87; Ja.vi.518); Mil.286; Pv.ii.12#10 (= taruṇa-tiṇa Pv-a.158).

cp. Sk. śādvala

good quality, virtue Sdhp.313.

sat + guṇa

adjective either “with the string,” or “in one”; Vin.i.46 (saguṇaṃ karoti to put together, to fold up; C ekato katvā). This interpretation (as “put together”) is much to be preferred to the one given …

Saha¹

indeclinable prep. & prefix, meaning: in conjunction with, together, accompanied by; immediately after (with instr.) Vin.i.38; Snp.49, Snp.928 Thig.414 = Thig.425; sahā Snp.231.

• • …

thousand, used as a singular with a noun in the plural, sahassaṃ vācā Dhp.100; satasahassaṃ vassāni Ja.i.29; also in the plural after other numerals cattāri satasahassāni chaḷabhiññā Bv.ii.204 = J …

adjective one who still has something to do (in order to attain perfection) DN.ii.143; Thag.1045; Mil.138. Sakaruna-bhava

sa³ + karaṇīya

Sakaruṇa-bhāva

being full of compassion Snp-a.318.

sa³ + karuṇa + bhāva

Sakuṇaka = sakuṇa

Snp-a.27
■ f. sakuṇikā DN.i.91; Mil.202; Ja.i.171; Ja.iv.290.

bird (esp. with ref. to augury) DN.i.71 (pakkhin +); Vin.iii.147; SN.i.197; AN.ii.209 AN.iii.241 sq., AN.iii.368; Ja.ii.111, Ja.ii.162 (Kandagala); Kp-a.241 pantha˚; see under *[pantha](/define/pa …

kind of hawk (lit. “bird-killer”) SN.v.146; Ja.ii.59; Mil.365. Cp vyagghīnasa.

sakuṇa + ˚ghi, f. of ˚gha

Sakuṇaka = sakuṇa

Snp-a.27
■ f. sakuṇikā DN.i.91; Mil.202; Ja.i.171; Ja.iv.290.

1. origin, birth, production DN.ii.107; SN.iii.86; AN.ii.10, AN.ii.18; Snp.724, Snp.741 etc.; Dhp.161; Ja.i.168; mātāpettikas˚ born from father and mother DN.i.34; Dhs-a.306; natthi sambhavaṃ has not …

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate, competent DN.ii.287; na s. is of no use or avail Mil.1 …

1. mixed, mixed up Vin.i.210; Vin.ii.67, Vin.ii.68 (cp. Vin. Texts ii.431); Ja.i.55; Snp.9 Snp.319 (˚mariyāda-bhāva confusing the dividing lines, indistinctness), Snp.325 (id.). Said of a woman (i. …

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate, competent DN.ii.287; na s. is of no use or avail Mil.1 …

Sambhuṇāti

see sambhavati.

Sambhavati, sambhuṇāti & sambhoti

1. to be produced, to arise DN.i.45, DN.i.76; SN.i.135; SN.iv.67; Snp.734 Dāvs v.6; Mil.210.
2. to be adequate, competent DN.ii.287; na s. is of no use or avail Mil.1 …

1. to undertake, achieve, to be intent on (acc.) Vin.i.253; Dhs-a.163.
2. to reach, catch up to (acc.) Vin.i.277 Vin.ii.300.
3. to produce, effect Mil.49.
4. to consider Ja.iii.220.
5. to honour, est …

Sammā¹

a pin of the yoke Abhp.449; a kind of sacrificial instrument Snp-a.321 (sammaṃ ettha pāsantī ti sammāpāso; and sātrā-yāgass’ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ). Cp. Weber Indische Streifen i.3 …

1. attainment, success accomplishment; happiness, good fortune; blessing bliss AN.i.38; Pv.ii.9#47 (= sampatti Pv-a.132)
   ■ Sampadā in its pregnant meaning is applied to the accomplishments of th …

reached, arrived, come to, present Ja.iv.142; Mil.9, Mil.66; Pv-a.12; Kp-a.142; Snp-a.295; Sdhp.56.

pp. of sampāpuṇāti

reaching, getting to Mil.355, Mil.356 (tīra˚).

fr. sampāpuṇāti

to reach, attain; to come to, meet with; aor. sampāpuṇi Ja.i.67; Ja.ii.20; pp. sampatta -Caus. sampāpeti to bring, to make attain Vism.303.

saṃ + pāpuṇāti

attainment AN.iii.5; SN.ii.150 sq.; SN.iv.293 (saññā-vedayita-nirodha˚); Dhs.30 Dhs.101; a stage of meditation AN.i.94; Dhs.1331; Ja.i.343 Ja.i.473; Pv-a.61 (mahā-karuṇā˚); Mnd.100, Mnd.106, Mnd.1 …

San¹

a dog; nom. sg sā DN.i.166 = MN.i.77; SN.i.176; SN.iii.150; Kv.336. For other forms of the same base see suvāṇa.

cp. Vedic śvā, gen. śunaḥ; Av. sp …

to shake DN.ii.336.

saṃ + dhunāti

to be seen together with, to be engaged in, or to tally, agree with, to live conformably to (loc., e.g. dhamme) DN.i.102; DN.ii.75; SN.v.177; Snp.50; DN.ii.127; Ne.23; ppr. a-saṃdissamāna invisible D …

clarified butter, ghee DN.i.9, DN.i.141, DN.i.201; AN.i.278; AN.ii.95, AN.ii.207 (˚tela); AN.iii.219; AN.iv.103; Snp.295 (˚tela). Dhs.646; Ja.i.184; Ja.ii.43; Ja.iv.223 (˚tela) Vin.i.58, etc. *-maṇḍa …

adjective likely, beneficial fit, suitable AN.i.120; SN.iii.268; SN.iv.23 sq., SN.iv.133 sq. (Nibbāna˚ paṭipadā); Ja.i.182, Ja.i.195; Ja.ii.436 (kiṃci sappāyaṃ something that did him good, a remedy); …

Sara¹

1. the reed Saccharum sara Mil.342.
2. an arrow (orig. made of that reed) DN.i.9; Dhp.304; Mil.396; Dhp-a.216 (visa-pīta).

• -tuṇḍa a beak as sharp as an arrow …

Satta¹

hanging, clinging or attached to Vin.i.185; DN.ii.246; Mnd.23, Mnd.24; Dhp.342; Ja.i.376 Cp. āsatta¹ & byāsatta.

pp. of sañj: sajjati

Satta²

1. (m.) a li …

teacher, master
■ nom. satthā DN.i.49; Snp.179;
■ acc. satthāraṃ DN.i.163; Snp.153, Snp.343;
■ instr. satthārā DN.i.163;
■ instr. satthunā Mhvs.32, Mhvs.19;
■ gen. satthu DN.i.110; Iti.79; V …

friend Ja.i.365.

?

Savana¹

neuter

1. the ear Snp.1120; Mil.258.
2. hearing DN.i.153, DN.i.179; AN.i.121; SN.i.24; Vin.i.26; Snp.265, Snp.345; Dhp.182; Ja.i.160, Ja.i.250; Mil.257 Mnd.188. sussavanaṃ sāvesi …

adjective pleasant to hear DN.ii.211; Ja.i.96 (-ṇ-); Ja.vi.120 = Ja.vi.122 (savaneyya).

grd. of suṇāti

to restrain, hold; to restrain oneself Vin.ii.102 (Pot. ˚vareyyāsi); Mil.152 (pāso na saṃvarati)
pp saṃvuta.

saṃ + varati = vuṇāti 1

arranged, prepared, provided Ja.i.133 (˚ārakkha i.e. protected); in cpd. su˚; well arranged or appointed, fully provided DN.ii.75; MN.ii.75; DN-a.i.147, DN-a.i.182; a˚; unappointed Vin.i.175; Vi …

bond, fetter SN.iv.163 etc.; especially the fetters that bind man to the wheel of transmigration Vin.i.183; SN.i.23; SN.v.241, SN.v.251; AN.i.264 AN.iii.443; AN.iv.7 sq. (diṭṭhi˚); MN.i.483; Dhp.370; …

1. multitude, assemblage Mil.403 (kāka˚); Ja.i.52 (sakuṇa˚); Snp.589 (ñāti˚); Snp.680 (deva˚) DN.iii.23 (miga˚); Vv.5#5 (accharā˚ = samūha Vv-a.37) bhikkhu˚; an assembly of Buddhist priests AN.i.56 …

one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost i …

agreed on, reckoned; (-˚) so-called, named DN.i.163 (akusala˚ dhammā); DN.iii.65 DN.iii.133 = Vin.iii.46 (theyya˚ what is called theft); DN-a.i.313 (the sambodhi, by which is meant that of the thre …

…Snp.538; Dhp-a.iii.412 (ekūna˚). It is found mostly in the same application as cha (group-number) e.g. at Ja.i.64…

tree Ja.vi.535; setacchakūṭa adj. Ja.vi.539 (sakuṇa).

Sirī (siri)

feminine

1. splendour, beauty Snp.686 (instr. siriyā); Ja.vi.318 (siriṃ dhāreti).
2. luck, glory majesty, prosperity SN.i.44 (nom. siri); Ja.ii.410 (siriṃ) Ja.ii.466; DN-a.i.148; Vv-a. …

Sirī (siri)

feminine

1. splendour, beauty Snp.686 (instr. siriyā); Ja.vi.318 (siriṃ dhāreti).
2. luck, glory majesty, prosperity SN.i.44 (nom. siri); Ja.ii.410 (siriṃ) Ja.ii.466; DN-a.i.148; Vv-a. …

adjective noun auspicious, happy, fortunate, blest SN.i.181; Ja.i.5; Ja.ii.126; Mil.248; Pv.iv.3#3; Vv.18#7

1. a worshipper of the god Siva Mil.191; the same as Sivi Ja.iii.468.
2. nt. happiness, bli …

is Fut. of suṇāti.

Sota¹

neuter ear, the organ of hearing Vin.i.9, Vin.i.34; DN.i.21; Snp.345 (nom pl. sotā); Vism.444 (defined); Dhs.601; Dhs-a.310-dibba-sota the divine ear (cp. dibba-cakkhu) DN.i.79 D …

hearer DN.i.56; AN.ii.116; AN.iii.161 sq
■ sotā used as a feminine noun Thag-a.200 (Tha-ap.3).

n. ag. fr. suṇāti

shell (?) filled with chunam and lac, used for scratching the back, a back-scratcher acting as a sponge MN.ii.46; AN.i.208; see sutti e.g. Vin.ii.107.

Sk. śukti

wish or wishing to hear AN.i.150; AN.iv.115; Vism.444; f. abstr. -kamyatā desire to listen AN.v.145 sq., Snp-a.135.

sotuṃ (= inf. of suṇāti) + kāma

Soṇa¹

a dog Ja.i.146; Ja.vi.107 (= sunakha); Snp.675; Vism.191; Dhp-a.iii.255 (+ sigāla); soṇi (f.) a bitch Mhvs.7, Mhvs.8 = sona Iti.36.

see suvāṇa

Soṇa^{2</s …}

adjective subtle, minute Vin.i.14; DN.i.182; SN.iv.202; AN.ii.171; Dhs.676; Thig.266; Dhp.125 = Snp.662; Vism.274, Vism.488 (˚rūpā). fine, exquisite DN.ii.17, DN.ii.188; Mil.313; susukhuma, very subtl …

…AN.iv.275, AN.iv.470.

Sk. śūna, pp. of śū to swell

Suna²

a dog, also written suṇa Ja.vi.353, Ja.vi.357 (cp. sunakha).

Sk….

beautifully curled at the ends (of hair) Ja.vi.86.

su + agga + vellita; perhaps originally suv-agga˚

dog AN.i.48; AN.ii.122; Thig.509; Ja.i.175, Ja.i.189; Ja.ii.128, Ja.ii.246; Pv-a.151, Pv-a.206
■ rukkha˚ some sort of animal Ja.vi.538. fem. sunakhī a bitch Ja.iv.400
■ Na …

to wish to hear, to listen, attend DN.i.230; AN.i.72; AN.iv.393; aor. sussūsimsu Vin.i.10; ppr. med. sussūsamāna Snp.383.

Desid. fr. suṇāti; Sk. śuśrūṣati

Susu¹

a boy, youngster, lad Vin.iii.147 = Ja.ii.284; Vv.64#14 (= dahara C.); Snp.420; DN.i.115; MN.i.82; AN.ii.22; Ja.ii.57; ājānīya-susūpama MN.i.445 read ājānīy-ass-ūpama (cp. Thag.72 …

Suta¹

1. heard; in special sense “received through inspiration or revelation” learned; taught A 97 sq.; DN.iii.164 sq., DN.iii.241 sq.; freq in phrase “iti me sutaṃ” thus have I heard, I ha …

Suvāṇa & suvāna

a dog MN.iii.91 (= supāṇa MN.i.58); Ja.vi.247 (the 2 dogs of hell: Sabala & Sāma); Vism.259 (= supāṇa Kp-a.58). As suvā˚; at Sdhp.379, Sdhp.408
■ See also the var. forms san, suṇ …

Suvāṇa & suvāna

a dog MN.iii.91 (= supāṇa MN.i.58); Ja.vi.247 (the 2 dogs of hell: Sabala & Sāma); Vism.259 (= supāṇa Kp-a.58). As suvā˚; at Sdhp.379, Sdhp.408
■ See also the var. forms san, suṇ …

is Passive of suṇāti.

…Vism.353; Vb-a.57.

cp. Sk. śūnya, fr. Vedic śūna, nt., void

“dog,” preferable spelling for suna, cp. Geiger,

Pali Grammar

§ 93#1.

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

fowler SN.ii.256; AN.iii.303; Pp.56; Ja.i.208. combined with miga-bandhaka & macchaghātaka at Snp-a.289; with māgavika & maccha-ghātaka at Pp.56.

fr. sakuṇa

or sāliyā the maina bird (= sālikā) Ja.iii.203; sāliyachāpa (a young bird of that kind), and sāliyacchāpa (i.e. sāliyā which is probably the right form) Ja.iii.202. madhu-sāliyā Ja.v.8 (= suvaṇṇa- …

dog Ja.iv.438 (˚-saṃgha = sunakhagaṇa, C.; spelling ḷ).

but cp. Sk. śālūra a frog

completeness, a quorum Vin.i.105, Vin.i.106; meeting, communion Vin.i.132 sq. Vin.ii.243; unanimity, concord Vin.i.97, Vin.i.136, Vin.i.357; Vin.ii.204; DN.iii.245 sq.; AN.iii.289; Mnd.131; Ja.i.328; …

property, wealth DN.i.142 DN.ii.180; DN.iii.190; Vin.i.72, Vin.i.274; Vin.iii.66; Ja.i.439, Ja.i.466 Thig.340; Thag-a.240; Ja.v.117 (sāpateya, var. read sāpatiyya); Dhp-a.i.67.

sā (= guṇa of sva) \ …

MN.ii.183 = MN.ii.152 (C. = sunakhānaṃ pivanadoṇi a dog’s trough).

impassioned, enamoured, passionately devoted Vin.iii.118; MN.ii.160 MN.ii.223; SN.i.74, SN.i.77; Dhp.345; Ja.i.288; Ja.ii.140; Mhvs.10, Mhvs.34 (˚mānaso). asāratta unattached Snp.704.

= saṃratta, p …

adjective courteous polite, friendly (making happy, pleasing, gladdening?) only in combination with kathā, dhamma, or dhammakathā e.g. s. kathā polite spe …

is Caus. of suṇāti.

1. nature, character, habit behaviour; usually as-˚ in adj. function “being of such a nature,” like, having the character of…, e.g. adāna˚; of stingy character, illiberal Snp.244; Pv-a.68 (+ macc …

…p. 595); Dhs-a.197 (suna-bhāva).

Sk. śūna

…Ja.vi.111; and sūṇā Ja.v.303; sūnāpaṇa Ja.vi.111; sūnaghara Vin.iii.59; sūna-nissita Vin.iii.151;…

is passive of suṇāti.

slaughter-house Ja.vi.62; see sūnā.

Takka¹

doubt; a doubtful view (often diṭṭhi, appl. like sammā˚, micchā-diṭṭhi), hair-splitting reasoning, sophistry (= itihītihaṃ Cnd.151). Opp. to takka (= micchā-sankappo Vb.86, Vb.35 …

Err:509

adjective

1. tender, of tender age, young new, newly (˚-) fresh. Esp. applied to a young calf MN.i.459 (in simile); ˚vaccha, ˚vacchaka, ˚vacchī Vin.i.193; Ja.i.191; Dhp-a.ii.35; Vv-a.200
   ■ Vi …

(lit.) drought, thirst; (fig.) craving, hunger for, excitement the fever of unsatisfied longing (c. loc.: kabaḷinkāre āhāre “thirst” for solid food SN.ii.101 sq.; cīvare piṇḍapāte taṇhā = greed for Sn …

1. lit. hard, rigid firm Ja.i.293 (opp. muduka); Vism.351 (˚lakkhaṇa) Pv-a.139 (= ujjhangala).
2. fig.
   1. hardened, obdurate callous, selfish DN.i.118 (māna˚); DN.iii.45 (+ atimānin); AN.ii.26 = …

to roar, to thunder DN.ii.262; SN.i.100, SN.i.154 (megho thanayaṃ), SN.i.154 (thaneti devo) Iti.66 (megho thanayitvā)
pp thanita. See also gajjati & thunati.

Vedic stanayati & stanati to thunder; c …

Thūla^a & Thulla^b

(the latter usual in compounds) adjective compact, massive; coarse gross; big, strong, clumsy; common, low, unrefined rough

1. DN.i.223; Snp.146 (aṇuka˚), Snp. …

1. to moan, groan, roar SN.v.148 (thunaṃ ppr.; variant reading thanaṃ); Vv.52#1 (of beings in Niraya otherwise ghosenti), variant readingSS thananti (better?).
2. to proclaim; shout, praise (confused …

(& thāmo nt. in instr. thāmasā MN.i.498; SN.ii.278 = Thag.1165; SN.iii.110, see below) “standing power, power of resistance, steadfastness, strength, firmness vigour, instr. thāmena (Mil.4; Pv-a.19 …

Thūla^a & Thulla^b

(the latter usual in compounds) adjective compact, massive; coarse gross; big, strong, clumsy; common, low, unrefined rough

1. DN.i.223; Snp.146 (aṇuka˚), Snp. …

house-top, gable Thag.184 (= kanṇikā Com.).

der. fr. thūṇā

pillar, prop support AN.ii.198; Vv.54#1 (= thambha Vv-a.245); DN-a.i.124. Esp. the sacrificial post in phrase thūṇûpanīta “lead to sacrifice” (yūpa-sankhātuṃ thūṇaṃ upa DN-a.i.294): DN.i.127≈SN.i. …

Ti

adverb the apostrophe form of iti, thus. See iti.

cp. Sk. iti

Ti˚

base of numeral three in compound; consisting of three, threefold; in numerical compounds also three (3 times).

*-[kaṭuka](/d …

certain tree (Strychnos nux vomica or Diospyros) Ja.vi.336; -tthanī (f.) “with breasts like the t fruit” Snp.110; Ja.vi.457 (Snp-a.172: taruṇadārikā) Vv-a.137 (t
■ nādasadisa).

lunar day Dhp-a.i.174; Pv-a.198.

Sk. tithi

to stand, etc.

I. Forms

pres ind. tiṭṭhati (Snp.333, Snp.434; Pv.i.5#1);
imper second tiṭṭha, 3rd tiṭṭhatu ppr. tiṭṭhaṃ, tiṭṭhanto, tiṭṭhamāna;
pot tiṭṭhe (Snp.918, Snp.968) & tiṭṭheyy …

Tulya & Tuliya

(also tulla Ja.iv.102) adjective to be weighed, estimated, measured; matched equal, comparable Snp.377; Ja.iii.324; Pv-a.87 (= samaka) Mostly in the negative atulya incomparable, …

Tulya & Tuliya

(also tulla Ja.iv.102) adjective to be weighed, estimated, measured; matched equal, comparable Snp.377; Ja.iii.324; Pv-a.87 (= samaka) Mostly in the negative atulya incomparable, …

1. the palmyra tree (fan palm), Borassus flabelliformis; freq. in comparisons similes MN.i.187; Ja.i.202 (˚vana), Ja.i.273 (˚matta as tall as a palm): Vv-a.162; Pv-a.100 (chinnamūlo viya tālo)
2. a …

adverb so much, so long; usually correl. with yāva how long, how much; in all meanings to be understood out of elliptical application of this correlation Thus

I

*yāva-tāva …

quiver (lit. “carrier”) Ja.ii.403 (dhanuṃ tūṇiñ ca nikkhippa); Ja.v.47.

Sk. *tūṇa & tūṇī, to; *tI̊n: see under tulā; cp. Lat. tollo. On ṇ → l. cp. cikkaṇa & cikkhala, guṇa → guḷ …

oppressed, troubled, harassed, annoyed vexed Vin.i.148, Vin.i.353; Vin.ii.119; Vin.iv.308; Ja.i.300; Vism.182 (kuṇapa-gandhena); Dhp-a.i.343.

adj. pp. of ud + bāhati = vāh or more likely of ud + bādh

…Mil.46; Dhp-a.iv.199 (˚ūnaṃ yanta sugar-cane mill), Pv-a.257, Pv-a.260; Vv-a.124.

-agga (ucch˚) top of s. c….

water Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.213; DN.ii.15 (˚assa dhārā gushes or showers of w.); Dhp.80 Dhp.145; Ja.i.212; Pv.i.5#7; Pp.31, Pp.32; Mil.318; Vv-a.20 (udake temanaṃ aggimhe tāpanaṃ); Dhp-a.i.289; Dhp-a. …

…Mil.406, Mil.407 cp. ūna.

• -aggi the fire of the belly or stomach (i.e. of digestion Kp-a.59; Snp-a.462; Pv-a.33; *…

to shake Vv-a.279.

ud + dhunāti

dung, excrement Ja.iv.485, otherwise only in cpd. ukkāra-bhūmi dung-hill Ja.i.5, Ja.i.146 (so read for ukkar˚), Ja.ii.40; Ja.iii.16, Ja.iii.75, Ja.iii.377; Ja.iv.72, Ja.iv.305, Vism.196 (˚ûpama ku …

in phrase pīti-vegen;’unna “bubbling up with the excitement of joy” overflowing with joy Mhvs.19, Mhvs.29 (expl^d. by uggatacitta i.e. lofty, exalted C.)
■ It may however be better more i …

1. brought up to or into (mostly -˚) Thig.498; Snp.677 (niraye), Snp.774 (dukkha˚), Snp.898 (bhava˚); Ja.iii.45 (thūṇa˚); Ja.iv.271 (dukkh˚); Mnd.38; Dhp.237 (˚yaya = atikkantavayo Dhp-a.iii.337, ad …

approach, undertaking, taking up; clinging to, attachment, only as adj. (-˚) in an˚; (anûpaya metri causā) not going near, aloof, unattached SN.i.141, SN.i.181; SN.ii.284; Snp.786, Snp.787, Snp.897 …

At the time of the rise of Buddhism the word had come to mean the day preceding four stages of the moon’s waxing and waning, viz. 1^st, 8^th, 15^th 23^d nights …

nt.

1. (lit.) that (material) substratum by means of which an active process is kept alive or going), fuel, supply, provision; adj. (-˚) supported by, drawing one’s existence from SN.i.69; SN.ii.85 …

adjective “ut-most”, highest, greatest, best Snp.1054 (dhammaṃ uttamaṃ the highest ideal = Nibbāna for which seṭṭhan Snp.1064; cp. Cnd.317); Dhp.56; Mnd.211; Cnd.502 (in paraphrase of mahā comb^{d …}

1. (lit.)
   1. (good or proper) time, season: aruṇa-utu occasion or time of the sun(-rise) Dhp-a.i.165; utuṃ gaṇhāti to watch for the right time (in horoscopic practice), to prognosticate ibid. *s …

lunar mansion Mil.178.

Sk. uḍu, dialectical?

1. to make rise, only in phrase aruṇaṃ (suriyaṃ) u. to let the sun rise, i.e. wait for sunrise or to go on till sunrise Ja.i.318; Ja.vi.330 Vism.71, Vism.73 (aruṇaṃ).
2. to raise Ja.v …

1. speaking, utterance, word, bidding SN.ii.18 (alaṃ vacanāya one says rightly); SN.iv.195 (yathā bhūtaṃ); AN.ii.168; Snp.417, Snp.699 Snp.932, Snp.984, Snp.997; Mil.235; Pv.ii.2#7; Snp-a.343, Snp-a …

Vaccha¹

a calf Dhp.284; Ja.v.101; Vism.163 (in simile), Vism.269 (id.; kūṭa˚ a maimed calf); Dhs-a.62 (with popular etym. “vadatī ti vaccho”); Vv-a.100, Vv-a.200 (taruṇa˚). On *[vaccha] …

˚- speech, words; rare by itself (and in this case re-established from compounds and poetical, as at Snp.472 (yassa vacī kharā; explained at Snp-a.409 by “vācā”), Snp.973 (cudito vacīhi = vācāhi Sn …

Vaddha¹

adjective noun

1. grown, old; an Elder; venerable, respectable; one who has authority At Ja.i.219 three kinds of vaddha are distinguished: one by nature (jāt …

1. to carry, bear, transport Ja.iv.260; Pv-a.14 (= dhāreti); Mil.415 (of iron: carry weight)
   imper vaha Vv.81#17;
   inf vahituṃ Pv-a.122 (perhaps superfluous);
   grd * …

term for bird, poetically for sakuṇa Ja.i.216 (tesaṃ ubhosu passesu pakkhā vankā jātā ti vakkangā C.).

vakkaṃ + ga

bracelet Vin.ii.106; Ja.ii.197 (dantakāre valay’-ādīni karonte disvā); Ja.iii.377; Ja.vi.64, Ja.vi.65; DN-a.i.50; Dhp-a.i.226 (danta˚ ivory bangle); Pv-a.157 (sankha˚) Mhvs.11, Mhvs.14 (˚anguli-v …

…(acc. palitakesiṃ vilūnaṃ khalita-siraṃ valinaṃ) = iii.180 (palitakesaṃ vilūnaṃ khalitaṃ-siraṃ valīnaṃ etc.) See…

…palita-kesaṃ vilūnaṃ khalitaṃ siro-valitaṃ tilak’āhata-gattaṃ: cp. valin with passage MN.i.88…

Vana¹

neuter the forest; wood; as a place of pleasure sport (“wood”), as well as of danger & frightfulness (“jungle”), also as resort of ascetics, noted for its loneliness (“forest”). Of ( …

Vara¹

adjective excellent, splendid, best, noble. As attribute it either precedes or follows the noun which it characterizes, e.g. -pañña of supreme wisdom Snp.391, Snp.1128 (= agga …

*Varati

& der. (“to choose” as well as “to obstruct”) see vuṇāti.

vṛ

Vata¹

indeclinable part of exclamation: surely, certainly, indeed, alas! Vin.iii.39 (puris’ usabho vat’ âyaṃ “for sure he is a human bull”) Thig.316 (abbhutaṃ vata vācaṃ bhāsasi); Snp.178, …

Vatthu¹

neuter lit. “ground,” hence

1. (lit.) object, real thing, property, thing, substance (cp. vatthu²!) AN.ii.209 (khetta˚, where khetta in lit. sense, cp. No. 2). Here bel …

…of life); Mhvs.2, Mhvs.26 (ekūnatiṃso vayasā 29 years of age); Pv-a.5 (paṭhama-vaye when quite young), Pv-a.36 (id.; just grown up). In…

1. increase growth (cp.; Cpd. 251 sq.) SN.iv.250 (ariya˚); Ja.ii.426 (= phāti); Mil.109 (guṇa˚); Dhs-a.327; Dhp-a.iii.335 (avaḍḍhi = parihāni).
2. welfare, good fortune, happiness Ja.v.101; Ja.vi. …

to wish, desire, ask, beg Ja.v.27 (spelt vaṇṇeti C. explains as vāreti icchati); pres. med. 1^st pl. vaṇimhase (= Sk. vṛṇīmahe) Ja.ii.137 (= icchāma C.). As vanayati …

appearance etc (lit. “cover, coating”). There is a considerable fluctuation of meaning, especially between meanings 2, 3, 4. One may group as follows.

1. colour Snp.447 (meda˚); SN.v.216 (chavi˚ of t …

1. to turn round, to move on: doubtful in “kattha vaṭṭaṃ na vaṭṭati SN.i.15; preferably with variant reading as vaḍḍhati
   caus 1 vaṭṭeti to turn or twist …

Ve¹

indeclinable part. of affirmation, emphasizing the preceding word: indeed, truly Vin.i.3 (etaṃ ve sukhaṃ); Dhp.63 (sa ve bāḷo ti vuccati), Dhp.83 (sabbattha ve), Dhp.16 …

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

Vebhūtika & ˚ya

(adj. n.) causing disaster or ruin; nt. calumnious speech, bad language DN.iii.106 (˚ya); Snp.158 (˚ya); Vv.84#40 (˚ka; explained as “sahitānaṃ vinābhāva-karaṇato vebhūtikaṃ,” i.e. p …

“to sense,” usually in Denom. function (only one Caus. meaning: see aor. avedi); meaning twofold either intellectually “to know” (cp. veda), or with ref. to general feeling “to e …

indeclinable

I.

1. inseparable prefix of separation and expansion, in original meaning of “asunder,” semantically closely related to Lat. dis- & Ger ver-. Often as base-prefix in var mean …

1. to shake SN.i.197; Mil.399; Vism.71.
2. to remove, to skin (an animal) Vin.i.193.

vi + dhunāti

adjective distorted, deformed Vism.346 (˚mukha); Pv-a.123 (id.). Cp. vikūṇa.

vi + kuṇita

distortion, grimace (mukha˚) Snp-a.30.

cp. vikuṇita & vikāra

adjective cut off (always with ref. to the hair) MN.iii.180 = AN.i.138; Mil.11; Pv-a.47.

vi + lūna

1. imperfectly executed, left unfinished, interrupted DN.i.2 (cp Dhp.i.49); Vin.ii.172, Vin.ii.243, Vin.ii.304; Vin.iv.279; AN.ii.196; Ja.i.120
2. done wrongly Ja.v.214
   ■ At Vin.iv.358 (in Bdhgh’ …

diffusion, pervasion, (adj.) pervading, spreading out AN.i.171 (vitakka-vip phāra-sadda, cp. kvu translation 241), AN.i.206 (mahājutika mahā vipphāra); AN.iv.252; Pts.i.112 sq.; Pts.ii.174; Ja.iii …

…(of hair, explained as vilūna-kesa Thag-a.210, i.e. almost bald spelling ḷ); Dhs-a.238 (ḷ); Dhp-a.i.122 (˚cchanna thinly covered);…

dispassioned, free from passion, detached, unattached to, displeased with (loc.) SN.iii.45 (rūpadhātuyā cittaṃ virattaṃ vimuttaṃ); Snp.204 (chandarāga˚), Snp.235 (˚citta āyatike bhavasmiṃ); AN.v.3 AN. …

…(of hair, explained as vilūna-kesa Thag-a.210, i.e. almost bald spelling ḷ); Dhs-a.238 (ḷ); Dhp-a.i.122 (˚cchanna thinly covered);…

in meaning “fading away, waning” in verse at Iti.69 (of viññāṇa) is doubtful reading. It corresponds to virāgadhamma of the prose part (virāgudh˚ vv.ll.) The variant reading is pabhaṅguṇa (which mig …

to be able, to dare, to venture Snp.1069 (= ussahati sakkoti Cnd.600); Ja.i.152
ppr neg. avisahanto unable Vv-a.69, Vv-a.112; and avisahamāna Ja.i.91
ger visayha (q.v.). …

Viseni˚

“without an enemy,” in -katvā making armyless, i.e. disarming Snp.833, Snp.1078. Explained in the Niddesa as “keep away as enemies, conquering” Mnd.174 = Cnd.602 (where Nd i.reads paṭiseni …

Name of a lunar mansion (nakkhatta) or month (see vesākha), usually as visākha˚ (-puṇṇamā), e.g. Snp-a.391; Vv-a.165.

vi + sākhā, Sk. viśākhā

1. to uncover, to open Vin.ii.219 (windows, opp. thaketi); DN.i.85 (paṭicchannaṃ v.); Ja.i.63 (dvāraṃ), Ja.i.69; Ja.iv.133 (nagaraṃ) Dhp-a.i.328 (vātapānaṃ); DN-a.i.228; Pv-a.74 (mukhaṃ) Vv-a.157, …

Vivatta-cchada

adjective having the cover removed, with the veil lifted; one who draws away the veil (cp. vivaraṇa or reveals (the Universe etc.); or one who is freed of all (mental & spiritual) cov …

uncovered, open (lit. & fig.), laid bare, unveiled Snp.19 (lit.), Snp.374 (fig. anāvaṭa Snp-a.366), Snp.763, Snp.793 (= open-minded); Mnd.96 Pp.45, Pp.46 (read vivaṭa for pi vaṭa; opp. pihita); Vism …

unattacked, not deficient, unmolested, undisturbed: is Kern’s (

Toevoegselen

s. v.) proposed reading for viññū-pasattha (“extolled by the wise”) at SN.ii.70 (reads ṭṭh); SN.v.343; DN.ii.80; DN. …

Viññutā & viññūtā

feminine discretion; in phrase viññutaṃ pāpuṇāti to reach the years of discretion or puberty Vin.i.269; Vin.ii.278; Ja.i.231; Ja.iii.437: Pv-a.3.

fr. viññu

(as special term in Buddhist metaphysics) a mental quality as a constituent of individuality, the bearer of (individual) life, life-force (as extending also over rebirths), principle of conscious lif …

Viññutā & viññūtā

feminine discretion; in phrase viññutaṃ pāpuṇāti to reach the years of discretion or puberty Vin.i.269; Vin.ii.278; Ja.i.231; Ja.iii.437: Pv-a.3.

fr. viññu

Vuḍḍhi & vuddhi

feminine increase, growth, furtherance, prosperity.

1. vuḍḍhi Pv-a.22 Often in phrase vuḍḍhi virūḷhi vepulla (all three almost tautological) Mil.51; Vism.129. …

at AN.iv.170 read with C. at opuniyamāna “sifting” (fr. opunāti): see remark at AN.iv.476.

Vuḍḍhi & vuddhi

feminine increase, growth, furtherance, prosperity.

1. vuḍḍhi Pv-a.22 Often in phrase vuḍḍhi virūḷhi vepulla (all three almost tautological) Mil.51; Vism.129. …

*Vuṇāti

The two meanings of the root vṛ; as existing in Sk. are also found in Pāli but only peculiar to the Caus. vāreti (the form aor avari as given by Childers should be re …

hawk SN.i.148 (as ˚nisa); Ja.vi.538. Another word for “hawk” is sakuṇagghi.

?

word, saying, speech; also as adj. (-˚) vaca speaking, of such a speech (e.g. duṭṭha˚ Pv.i.3#2, so to be read for dukkha˚)
■ DN.iii.69 sq., DN.iii.96 sq., DN.iii.171 sq. SN.iv.132 …

saying, speech, sentence, usually found in poetry only, e.g. DN.ii.166 (suṇantu bhonto mama eka-vākyaṃ); AN.ii.34 (sutvā arahato vākyaṃ); AN.iii.40 (katvāna vākyaṃ Asitassa tādino); Snp.1102 (= vacan …

Vāla¹

1. the hair of the tail horse-hair, tail Vin.ii.195 = Ja.v.335 (pahaṭṭha-kaṇṇavāla with bristling ears & tail, of an elephant); Ja.v.274 (so read for phāla, cp. p …

1. turn, occasion, time, opportunity Ja.i.58 (utu-vārena utuvārena according to the turn of the seasons), Ja.i.150, Ja.vi.294; Vism.431 (santati˚ interval); DN-a.i.36; Dhp-a.i.47 (dve vāre twice); …

1. to prevent, obstruct, hinder Pv.ii.7#7 (vārayissaṃ I had the habit of obstructing; = nivāresiṃ Pv-a.102); Vv-a.68; Sdhp.364
2. to ask in marriage Thag-a.266; Pv-a.55

caus 2 vārāpeti to induc …

wind. There exists a common distinction of winds into 2 groups: “internal and “external” winds, or the ajjhattikā vāyo-dhātu (wind category), and the bāhirā. They are discussed at Vb.84, quoted a …

…Vb-a.191 sq.; Dhp-a.i.4 (ekūna˚, 19); Dhp-a.ii.9, Dhp-a.ii.54; Dhp-a.iii.62 (˚sahassa bhikkhū, as followers); as vīsatiṃ at…

…Vb-a.191 sq.; Dhp-a.i.4 (ekūna˚, 19); Dhp-a.ii.9, Dhp-a.ii.54; Dhp-a.iii.62 (˚sahassa bhikkhū, as followers); as vīsatiṃ at…

…particles as e.g. yaṃ nūna used in an exhortative sense “well, now”; or “rather, let me” or “so now,” always in phrase *yaṃ…

…to part. yaṃ nu, yaṃ nūna & yaṃ hi. The part. is found in the language of the Nikāyas only, thus indicating part of the oldest &…

to sacrifice, to make an offering (yaññaṃ); to give alms or gifts-In the P. literature it refers (with yañña, sacrifice) either (when critical) to the Brahmanic rites of sacrificing to the gods accor …

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

female yakkha, a vampire. Their character is usually fierce & full of spite & vengeance, addicted to man- & beast-murder (cp. yakkha 2). They are very much like Petīs in habits. With their names cp. …

see *ya*˚; 2˚.

…gaṇṭhikā), cp. ucchūnaṃ yanta Dhp-a.iv.199
■ tela-yanta (-cakka) (the wheel of) an oil mill Ja.i.25
■ dāru-yanta a…

adverb as, like, in relation to, after (the manner of)
■ As prep. (with acc.): according (to some condition, norm or rule): yathā kāmaṃ (already Vedic) according to his desire …

abundant, numerous, most. Not found as adj. by itself, except in phrase yebhuyya-vasena mostly, as a rule Thag-a.51 and Pv-a.136, which is identical with the usual instr. *[yebhuyyena](/define/ye …

lit. “yoking, or being yoked,” i.e. connection bond, means; fig. application, endeavour, device

1. yoke, yoking (rare?) Ja.vi.206 (meant here the yoke of the churning-sticks; cp. Ja.vi.209).
2. conn …

adjective connected with, mixed; neg. a˚ not mixed (with poison), unadulterated Ja.i.269.

fr. yojita

to fight, make war. Rare in older literature our refs. only from the Mahāvaṃsa; e.g. 22, 82 (fut yujjhissāma, with instr.: Damiḷehi); 25, 23 (aor ayujjhi); 25, 58 (ppr. yujjhamāna); 33, 41 (aor. yuj …

youth-nom. sg.; yuvā DN.i.80 = yobbanena samannāgata DN-a.i.223; Snp.420; Dhp.280 (= paṭhama-yobbane ṭhita Dhp-a.iii.409); Pv.iii.7#1 (= taruṇa Pv-a.205)
■ Cp yava, yuvin & yobbana.

Vedic …

(lit.) to yoke; (fig.) to join with (instr. or loc.), to engage in (loc.), to exert oneself, to endeavour. All our passages show the applied meaning, while the lit. meaning is only found in the Caus …

rice-gruel, rice-milk (to drink). See Vin. Texts ii.89. Vin.i.46 = Vin.ii.223 (sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanametabbā; yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā…), 51 (id.), Vin.ii.61 (id.), Vin.ii. …

adjective sufficient (lit “just as much”; i.e. such as it is), sufficiently founded logical, consistent, exact, definite, true Cnd.275 (where tatha is explained by taccha, bhūta, yāthāva, aviparīta) D …

to go, go on to proceed, to go away
pres 1^st yāmi Pv.ii.8#8 (= gacchāmi Pv-a.107), Mhvs.10, Mhvs.3; 2^nd yāsi Ja.i.291 Mhvs.10, Mhvs.2 (kuhiṃ yāsi?); 3^rd *[yāti] …

adverb

1. (as prep.) up to (a point), as far as, how far so far that (cp. tāva I), both temporal and local, used either with absolute form of noun or adj. (base), or nom., or abl. or *acc …

announcement, declaration, esp. as t. t. a motion or resolution put at a kammavācā (proceedings at a meeting of the chapter. The usual formula is “esā ñatti; suṇātu me bhante sangho”: Vin.i.340; Vin.i …

adjective knowing, one who is possessed of (right) knowledge SN.ii.169; AN.ii.89 (sammā˚); AN.iv.340
■ aññāṇin not knowing, unaware Vv-a.76.

Ā¹

indeclinable a frequent prefix, used as well-defined simple base-prefix (with rootderivations), but not as modification (i.e. first part of a double prefix cpd. like sam-ā-dhi) exce …

adjective See abhicetasika. This spelling, with guṇa of the first syllable, is probably more correct; but the short a is the more frequent.

to enjoy, partake of, take in, feel, experience Ja.iv.456 (bhoge; Rh. D. “hold in its hood”?); Dhs-a.333.

ā + bhuj², Sk. bhunakti

…bhīyo), SN.ii.170 sq. (dhātūnaṃ); SN.iii.27, SN.iii.62, SN.iii.102 (rūpassa etc.); SN.iv.7 SN.iv.168; AN.i.57 (akaraṇīye kayiramāne),…

1. coming, approach, result, DN.i.53 (āgamanaṃ pavattatī ti DN-a.i.160; cp. Sdhp.249 dukkh˚).
2. that which one goes by, resource, reference source of reference, text, Scripture, Canon; thus a design …

Err:509

Āma¹

indeclinable affirmative part. “yes, indeed, certainly” DN.i.192 sq. (as variant reading BB.; T. has āmo); Ja.i.115 Ja.i.226 (in C. expl^n. of T. amā-jāta which is to be re …

adjective adverb asking or asked, invited; only as an˚; without being asked, unasked, uninvited Vin.i.254 (˚cāra); AN.iii.259 (id.).

either ger. of āmanteti (q.v.) or root der. fr. ā + mant, cp. āmantaṇā

praise i.e. that which is commendable, profit, merit, advantage good result, blessing in or from (c. loc.). There are five ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīla-sampadāya or blessings which accrue to the virtuous …

1. entered upon, fallen into, possessed of, having done Vin.i.164 (āpattiṃ ā.); Vin.iii.90; DN.i.4 (dayāpanna merciful); Cnd.32 (taṇhāya).
2. unfortunate miserable Ja.i.19 (verse 124). Cp. pari˚. *Ap …

to cause to reach or obtain Ja.vi.46. Cp. vy˚.

Caus. of āp, see appoti & pāpuṇāti

…Mil.29; Pv-a.111; āpucchitūna (cp. Geiger § 211) Thig.426; āpuccha Thig.416 & āpucchā [= āpṛcchya, cp. Vedic…

sphere, range, focus, field (of consciousness or perception; cp. Dhs trsl. 199), appearance AN.ii.67; Ja.i.336 Vb.321; Mil.298; Vism.21, Vism.548; DN-a.i.228; Dhs-a.308 Dhs-a.333; Vv-a.232 (˚kāl …

by means of hammering, slashing or beating (like beating a hide) Snp.673 (gloss ārajayārajayā fr. ā + *rañj or *raj)
■ Snp-a.481 explains the passage as follows: ārajayārajayā; i.e. yathā ma …

(in comp^n.) a bull peculiar to a bull, bull-like, fig. a man of strong & eminent qualities, a hero or great man, a leader, thus in tār˚ Snp.687; nar˚ Snp.684, Snp.696; āsabha-camma bull’s …

1. approach, dealing with, business with (acc.), concern, affair, means of acting or getting Vin.ii.195 = Ja.v.336 (mā kuñjara nāgam āsado); MN.i.326 (metaṃ āsado = mā etaṃ āsado do not meddle with th …

Āsatta¹

1. lit. hanging on, in phrase kaṇṭhe āsatto kuṇapo a corpse hanging round one’s neck MN.i.120; Ja.i.5
2. fig. attached to, clinging to Ja.i.377 (+ satta lagga); Thag-a.259 (an˚). …

to shut out from (abl.), hold back from, refuse, withhold, obstruct MN.i.380 (dvāraṃ) Snp.922 (pot. ˚aye, cp. Mnd.368); DN-a.i.235 (dvāraṃ) Dpvs.i.38
pp āvaṭa and *āvuta^{2</s …}

1. strung upon, tied on, fixed on to DN.i.76 (suttaṃ); DN.ii.13 (id.) AN.i.286 (tantāvutaṃ web); Ja.iii.52 (valliyā); Ja.vi.346 (suttakena); DN-a.i.94 (˚sutta).
2. impaled, stuck on (sūle on the pale …

to weave, thus a confusion of the two roots, the latter being merged into the former to string upon, to fix on to (c. loc.), to impale Ja.i.430 Ja.iii.35; Ja.v.145; Ja.vi.105
caus 2 āvuṇāpeti Ja.i …

dishonour, disgrace, bad repute AN.iv.96; Ja.v.17; Vv-a.110; usually in phrase -ṃ pāpuṇāti to fall into disgrace Thag.292; Ja.ii.33 = Ja.ii.271; Ja.iii.514.

Bdhgh on AN.iv.96 explains it as ayasa …

Āḷhiya & āḷhika

(adj.) rich, happy, fortunate; only in neg. anāḷhiya poor, unlucky, miserable MN.i.450; MN.ii.178 (+ daḷidda) AN.iii.352 sq. (so read with variant reading BB. ˚āḷhika for T ˚āḷika; c …

Āḷhiya & āḷhika

(adj.) rich, happy, fortunate; only in neg. anāḷhiya poor, unlucky, miserable MN.i.450; MN.ii.178 (+ daḷidda) AN.iii.352 sq. (so read with variant reading BB. ˚āḷhika for T ˚āḷika; c …

…is not yet 7 years old), Mil.414; Dhp-a.i.79.

ūna + ka

depletion, deficiency Vin.ii.239; Ja.v.450.

abstr. fr. ūna

(& dahati) to burn (trs.) consume, torment MN.i.365; MN.ii.73 AN.v.110; Ja.ii.44 (aor. 3 sg. med. adaḍḍha = Sk. adagdha) Dhp.31, Dhp.71, Dhp.140; Mil.45, Mil.112 (cauterize). Pp. *[daḍḍha](/define/daḍ …