The boundaries of the Majjhimadesa are given, and the Paccantajanapadā lies beyond these boundaries. They are: in the east, Kajaṅgala and Mahāsālā; in the south east, the river Salalavatī; in the south, Setakaṇṇikā; in the west, Thūṇa; and in the north, Usīraddhaja mountain. Vin.i.197

The Vinaya rules were relaxed in the case of those who lived in the Paccantajanapadā.

outside Middle Country3region