appa
adjective small, little, insignificant, often in the sense of “very little = (next to) nothing” (so in most compounds); thus expld. at Vv-a.334 as equivalent to a negative part. (see appodaka) DN.i.61 (opp. mahant, DN-a.i.170 parittaka); Snp.713, Snp.775, Snp.805, Snp.896 (= appaka, omaka thoka, lamaka, jatukka, parittaka Mnd.306); Dhp.174; Ja.i.262; Pp.39
■ nt. appaṃ a little, a small portion, a trifle; pl. appāni small things, trifles AN.ii.26 = Iti.102; AN.ii.138; Dhp.20 (= thokaṃ eka-vagga-dvi-vagga-mattam pi Dhp-a.i.158), Dhp.224 (˚smiṃ yācito asked for little), Dhp.259.
- -aggha of little value (opp. mahaggha priceless) Ja.i.9 Pp.33; Dhp-a.iv.184.
- -assāda [BSk. alpâsvāda, cp. Divy.224 = Dhp.186; alpa + ā + svād ] of little taste or enjoyment affording little pleasure (always used of kāmā Vin.ii.25 = MN.i.130 = AN.iii.97 = Cnd.71; Snp.61; Dhp.186 (= supina-sadisatāya paritta-sukha Dhp-a.iii.240); Thig.358 (= Thag-a.244); Ja.ii.313; Vism.124.
- -ātaṅka little (or no illness, freedom from illness, good health (= appābādha with which often combd.) ābādha* same as appātanka (q.v.) DN.i.204; DN.iii.166, DN.iii.237; MN.ii.125; AN.i.25; AN.ii.88; AN.iii.30, AN.iii.65 sq., AN.iii.103, AN.iii.153; Pv.iv.1#44;
- -ābādhatā id. āyuka* short lived DN.i.18; Pv-a.103, Also as -āyukin Vv.41#6.
- -āhāra taking little or no food, fasting MN.ii.5; Snp.165 (= ekāsana-bhojitāya ca parimita-bhojitāya ca Snp-a.207), Also as -āhāratā MN.i.245; MN.ii.5.
- -odaka having little or no water, dry Snp.777 (macche va appodake khīṇasote = parittodake Mnd.50); Vv.84#3 (+ appabhakkha expld. at Vv-a.334 as “appa-saddo h’ ettha abhāvattho appiccho appanigghoso ti ādisu viya”); Ja.i.70; Dhp-a.iv.12
- -kasira in instr. ˚kasirena with little or no difficulty DN.i.251; SN.v.51; Thag.16.
- -kicca having few duties, free from obligations, free from care Snp.144 (= appaṃ kiccaṃ assā ti Kp-a.241).
- -gandha not smelling or having a bad smell Mil.252 (opp. sugandha).
- -ṭṭha “standing in little” i.e. connected with little trouble DN.i.143; AN.i.169.
- -thāmaka having little or no strength, weak SN.iv.206.
- -dassa having little knowledge or wisdom Snp.1134 (see Cnd.69 expld. by paritta-pañña Snp-a.605).
- -nigghosa with little sound, quiet, still, soundless (cp. Vv-a.334, as quoted above under ˚odaka) AN.v.15 (+ appasadda); Snp.338; Mnd.377; Mil.371.
- -pañña, of little wisdom Ja.ii.166; Ja.iii.223 Ja.iii.263.
- -puñña of little merit MN.ii.5.
- -puññatā having little merit, unworthiness Pv.iv.10#7.
- -phalatā bringing little fruit Pv-a.139.
- -bhakkha having little or nothing to eat Vv.84#3.
- -bhoga having little wealth, i.e. poor, indigent Snp.114 (= sannicitānaṃ ca bhogānaṃ āyamukhassa ca abhāvato Snp-a.173).
- -maññati to consider as small, to underrate: see separately.
- -matta little, slight, mean (usually as ˚ka; not to be confounded with appamatta2 AN.iii.275; Ja.i.242; also meaning “contented with little (of the bhikkhu) Iti.103 = AN.ii.27; f.
- -ā trifle, smallness însignificance DN.i.91; DN-a.i.55.
- -mattaka small, insignificant trifling, nt. a trifle (cp. ˚matta) Vin.1, Vin.213; Vin.ii.177 (˚vissajjaka the distributor of little things, cp. AN.iii.275 & Vin.iv.38, Vin.iv.155); DN.i.3 (= appamattā etassā ti appamattakaṃ DN-a.i.55); Ja.i.167; Ja.iii.12 (= aṇu); Pv-a.262
- -middha “little slothful”, i.e. diligent, alert Mil.412
- -rajakkha having little or no obtuseness DN.ii.37; MN.i.169 Sdhp.519.
- -ssaka having little of one’s own, possessing little AN.i.261; AN.ii.203.
- -sattha having few or no companious lonely, alone Dhp.123.
- -sadda free from noise quiet MN.ii.2, MN.ii.23, MN.ii.30; AN.v.15; Snp.925 (= appanigghosa Mnd.377); Pp.35; Mil.371.
- -siddhika bringing little success or welfare, dangerous Ja.iv.4 (= mandasiddhi vināsabahula C.); Ja.vi.34 (samuddo a. bahu-antarāyiko)
- -ssuta possessing small knowledge, ignorant, uneducated DN.i.93 (opp. bahussuta); DN.iii.252, DN.iii.282; SN.iv.242; Iti.59; Dhp.152; Pp.20, Pp.62; Dhs.1327.
- -harita having little or no grass SN.i.169; Snp.p.15 (= paritta-harita-tiṇa Snp-a.154).
Vedic alpa, cp. Gr. ἀλαπάζω (λαπάζω) to empty (to make little), ἀλαπαδνός weak; Lith. alpnas weak alpstù to faint