stronghold, citadel, fortress a (fortified) town, city. As seat of the government as important centre of trade contrasted with gāma nigama (village & market-place or township) Vin.iii.47 (˚bandhana), Vin.iii.184; cp. gāma 3 b. deva˚; deva-city Ja.i.3 Ja.i.168, Ja.i.202; Dhp-a.i.280 etc.; cp. yakkha˚ Ja.ii.127
■ Vin.i.277, Vin.i.342, Vin.i.344; Vin.ii.155, Vin.ii.184; DN.ii.7; SN.ii.105 sq.; SN.iv.194 (kāyassa adhivacanaṃ); SN.v.160; AN.i.168, AN.i.178; AN.iv.106 sq (paccantima); AN.v.194 (id.) Dhp.150 (aṭṭhīnaṃ); Snp.414 Snp.1013 (Bhoga˚); Ja.i.3, Ja.i.50 (Kapilavatthu˚); Ja.ii.5; Ja.iii.188 Ja.vi.368 etc.; Pp.56; Dhp-a.iv.2; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.39, Pv-a.73; Dpvs.xiv.51 (+ pura). Cp. nāgara.

• -ūpakārikā a town fortified with a wall covered with cement at its base DN.i.105, cp. DN-a.i.274;

• -ūpama like a citadel (of citta) Dhp.40, cp. Dhp-a.i.317 & Nagaropama sūtra Divy.340;

• -kathā town-gossip DN.i.7;

• -guttika superintendent of the city police Ja.iii.30, Ja.iii.436; Ja.iv.279; Mil.345 (dhammanagare n-g.), Dhp-a.iv.55. Cp. Kern

  Toevoegselen

  p. 167;

• -vara the noble town (of Rājagaha) Vv.16#6, cp. Vv-a.82;

• -vīthi a city street Ja.ii.416;

• -sobhinī the city belle, a town courtesan Ja.ii.367 (˚anā); Ja.iii.435 (Sulasā), Ja.iii.475 (˚anī); Dhp-a.i.174; Dhp-a.ii.201; Pv-a.4 (Sulasā) Mil.350.

Ved. nagara, Non-aryan? Connection with agāra is very problematic