man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso na yakkho na peto etc.” (i.e. man κα ̓τ ἐςοξήν) Vin.iv.269 (the same explⁿ for purisa-puggala at Vin.iv.214); “seṭṭh’ aṭṭhena puri setī ti puriso ti satto vuccati” Vv-a.42–

1. man DN.i.61 (p. kassaka “free man”); DN.ii.13; SN.i.225; AN.i.28 AN.i.126; AN.ii.115; AN.iii.156; Snp.102, Snp.112, Snp.316, Snp.740, Snp.806 and passim; Dhp.117, Dhp.152, Dhp.248; Mnd.124; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.4, Pv-a.165 Pv-a.187; Vv-a.13 (majjhima˚, paṭhama˚, as t.t. g.?) uttama˚; SN.ii.278; SN.iii.61, SN.iii.166; SN.iv.380; Iti.97; mahā˚ SN.v.158; AN.ii.35; AN.iii.223; AN.iv.229 (see also under mahā) sappurisa (q.v.). Var. Epithets of the Buddha e.g. at SN.i.28 sq
   ■ Kāpurisa a contemptible man; kimpurisa a wild man of the woods (“whatever man”), f. kimpurisī Ja.v.215
   ■ purisa as “a man, some one, somebody” as character or hero in var. similes, e.g. angārakāsuyaṃ khipanaka˚ Vism.489; asucimhi patita Vism.465; āgantuka˚ Vb-a.23; dubbala Vism.533; papāte patanto Vb-a.23 (cannot be a help to others; similarly with patita at Vb-a.170 = Vism.559); bhikkhusanghaṃ disvā Vism.333; maṇḍapa-lagga Vism.339 sq. lakuṇṭaka-pāda & dīghapāda Vb-a.26; cp. the foll. of a man pleasing the king Vb-a.442 sq.; a man wishing to perform a long journey in one day Vism.244; a man breathing when exhausted Vism.274. Frequently elsewhere
2. an attendant, servant, waiter Vin.ii.297; DN.i.60 (dāsa +), DN.i.72 (id.); Ja.i.385 (dāsa˚); Ja.vi.462. Cp porisa, posa.

• -atthika one who seeks a servant Vin.ii.297.
• -anta = purisādhama Snp.664 (anta = Sk. antya; Snp-a.479 explains by antimapurisa).
• -antaragatā touched by a man (lit. gone in by…), a woman who has sexual intercourse, a woman in intercourse with a man DN.i.166 (cp. Dial. i.228); MN.i.77; AN.i.295; AN.ii.206; Vin.iv.322 Pp.55 (= he does not accept food, lest their intercourse should be broken: rati antarāyo hoti Pp-a 231); DN-a.i.79 (= itthi, as opp. to kumārikā). Cp. pumaṃ gata Ja.v.154.
• -allu (& ālu) Name of certain monstrous beings living in the wilderness Ja.v.416 (= vaḷavā-mukhayakkhinī, a y. with the face of a mare), Ja.v.418; Ja.vi.537 (˚ālu = vaḷavā-m-pekkhī C.).
• -ājañña “a noble steed of a man,” a thorough-bred or remarkable man SN.iii.91; AN.v.325 sq., Snp.544; Dhp.193; as -ājāneyya at Dhp-a.i.310 -ājāniya at AN.i.290; AN.ii.115; AN.iv.397 sq.; AN.v.324.
• -āda a bad man (“man-eater”) a wild man, cannibal Ja.v.25 (cp. puruṣāda Jtm.31#41); ˚ādaka Ja.v.30.
• -ādhama a wicked man Dhp.78; Ja.v.268.
• -indriya male faculty masculinity SN.v.204; AN.iv.57; Dhs.634, Dhs.715, Dhs.839, Dhs.972 Vism.447, Vism.492.
• -uttama “the highest of men,” an excellent man AN.v.16, AN.v.325 sq.; Snp.544; Dhp.78; Dhp-a.ii.188.
• -usabha (purisusabha) “a bull of a man,” a very strong man Vin.iii.39.
• -kathā talk about men DN.i.8.
• -kāra manliness DN.i.53 (cp. DN-a.i.161); Mil.96
• -thāma manly strength DN.i.53; SN.ii.28; AN.ii.118 AN.iv.190.
• -dammasārathi guide of men who have to be restrained, epithet of the Buddha [cp. BSk. puruṣa-damyasārathi Divy.54 and passim] SN.ii.69; AN.i.168, AN.i.207 AN.ii.56, AN.ii.112, AN.ii.147; Snp.p.103 (= vicitrehi vinayan’ ûpāyehi purisadamme sāretī ti Snp-a.443); Iti.79; Pp.57; Vism.207; Thag-a.178.
• -dosā (pl.) faults or defects in a man eight are discussed in detail at AN.iv.190 sq.; Pts.i.130 eighteen at Ja.vi.542, Ja.vi.548.
• -dhorayha a human beast of burden SN.i.29.
• -parakkama manly energy DN.i.53; SN.ii.28.
• -puggala a man, a human character DN.iii.5 DN.iii.227 (eight); SN.i.220 (8); SN.ii.69, SN.ii.82, SN.ii.206; SN.iv.272 sq. Iti.88 (8) (explained at Vism.219); AN.i.32, AN.i.130, AN.i.173, AN.i.189 AN.ii.34, AN.ii.56; AN.iii.36, AN.iii.349; AN.iv.407 (8); AN.v.139, AN.v.183 (8), AN.v.330 (8); Vin.iv.212 sq. (= male); Vb-a.497;
• -bhava state of being a man, manhood, virility Ja.iii.124; Dhs.634 Dhs.415, Dhs.839; Pv-a.63.
• -bhūmi man’s stage, as “eight stages of a prophet’s existence” (Dial. i.72) at DN.i.54 in detail at DN-a.i.162, DN-a.i.163.
• -medha man-sacrifice human sacrifice SN.i.76; AN.ii.42; AN.iv.151; Iti.21; Snp.303
• -yugāni (pl.) (4) pairs of men SN.iv.272 sq.; AN.i.208 AN.ii.34, AN.ii.56; AN.iii.36; AN.iv.407; AN.v.330; DN.iii.5, DN.iii.227; Iti.88; in verse Vv.44#21; explained Vism.219 (see under yuga).
• -lakkhaṇa (lucky) marks on a man DN.i.9.
• -liṅga (see also pullinga) a man’s characteristic, membrum virile Vin.iii.35; Dhs.634, Dhs.715, Dhs.839; Tikp.50; Vism.184.
• -viriya manly vigour SN.ii.28.
• -vyañjana the membrum virile (= ˚linga) Vin.ii.269.

according to Geiger, Gr. § 30³ the base is *pūrṣa, from which the Vedic form puruṣa, and the Prk
■ P. form purisa. The further contraction *pussa *possa yielded posa (q.v.). From the Prk. form puliśa (Māgadhī) we get pulla