disappears, comes to an end

rises (as the sun); rises over

raises (the voice); utters

marches against.

goes to, visits; takes oneself to; attains

mutters prayers to, supplicates; prays for, longs for, covets

longs for, covets.

is born; is born for or to; becomes.

avoids; shuns

produces; causes to come into being

avoids; shuns

presses; crushes; oppresses, troubles

avoids; renounces; throws down

longs for, wishes; desires

causes to rise; plants; puts on, fixes on, fastens (esp. on a thūpa)/ presents as an offering

makes overflow; floods, drenches

torments; afflicts

thinks out, plans.

sprinkles; inaugurates (as king).

cursed

gratifies; delights.

praises; describes

addresses reverently; greets; salutes respectfully

causes to salute; asks for greeting or good wishes

goes against, attacks; approaches.

1. passes (of time), elapses; passes by, eludes; passes by, neglects.
2. goes beyond; oversteps; overcomes; becomes free of.

covers; clothes or presents with (clothes, instr.); puts on (clothes, acc.).

is afflicted, distressed.

adhiseti¹adhisayati

pr. 3 sg. lies down on.

adhiseti²adhisseti

pr. 3 sg. has recourse to, resorts to.

is patient, waits; bears patiently, endures; assents, gives in to; accepts (an invitation).

adhiyyatiadhīte

pr. 3 sg. studies; learns by heart; reads.

akkhāyati¹

pr. 3 sg.

akkhāyati²

pass. pr. 3 sg. is declared; is called, is stated to be; is named; esp. aggam ~ayati, is called the most excellent

akkosetiakkosayati

pr. 3 sg. scolds, abuses, curses, reviles.

comes close to; settles down on; leans against; sticks to, is attached (to, acc. or loc)

comes close to; settles down on; leans against; sticks to, is attached (to, acc. or loc)

causes to disappear; destroys

disappears; vanishes.

anu-ānayati

pr. 3 sg. leads or brings after oneself; incurs

makes increase, fosters; devotes oneself to; practices

sings after; repeats in verse; recites (a text or hymn); praises.

bends with; conforms to, is in accordance (with, acc. or gen.); sets right, puts in proper order

infers; concludes.

see anupariyāti)

goes round about; goes round after; travels about

goes round about; goes round after; travels about

keeps moving on after (another) or in succession; continues, maintains

recites again; repeats.

goes through, travels about; inspects, supervises; goes along with, escorts

goes through, travels about; inspects, supervises; goes along with, escorts

causes to be heard; speaks out; proclaims (esp. a kammavācā); presents (someone) for upasampadā; speaks repeatedly (in order to win support)

causes to go on after, keeps in motion; maintains, continues

thinks or ponders over; meditates upon

gone through, explored; scrutinized

acts in conformity with; follows the rules of, follows

acts in conformity with; follows the rules of, follows

looks round at; surveys

1. practises, gives oneself up to.
2. questions, examines; calls to account

goes after, follows; goes along through

goes after, follows; goes along through

leads or brings after oneself; incurs

honors; respects.

is intent; is absorbed (in thought); broods.

1. looks towards; looks back; looks to, considers.
2. looks to for approval, consults; asks permission; asks or takes leave

leans against; has a support in; depends upon.

dismisses; rebukes, reproaches; disparages

appayati¹

pr. 3 sg. puts in, inserts; fixes on, fastens; directs, turns towards, esp. directs the mind (upon), concentrates, achieves a state of concentration; delivers up, gives; displays …

makes a clapping noise by slapping one’s arm or clapping one’s hands (in pleasure or approbation)

goes away; departs

tastes, tastes with relish; relishes, enjoys, takes pleasure

tastes, tastes with relish; relishes, enjoys, takes pleasure

atikkāmayatiatikkameti

caus. pr. 3 sg. lets pass, makes pass over, takes over; lets elapse

1. spends (time), lets (time) elapse; lets the time pass.
2. makes pass; makes pass into, leads (someone) into.

1. makes fly through or past.
2. lays low; injures, kills; (and causes (someone) to kill (?)).

causes to injure or kill.

presses.

(re-)enters.

is left behind; is found wanting

is left behind; is found wanting

broods, mourns

broods, mourns

is conquered; is lost.

looks at, regards; looks back

makes sink down; disheartens, discourages

calls; summons; invokes; challenges; calls back

goes; goes towards; reaches, obtains; reaches (a state); is involved (in)

(from aṭṭa) is distressed, pained, disgusted.

of ceteti

of chaḍḍeti

of chaḍḍeti

of chaṭṭeti

chādayati¹

chādayati²

pr. 3 sg.

of chādeti

hisses; fizzes; makes the sound “chit-chit”; makes a hissing sound.

makes the sound “citi-citi”; sputters, makes a sputtering sound.

of copeti

is accumulated; increases.

kind of grass

goes.

of deseti

desires, wishes for.

of dhovati

of dhareti is carried; is held

1. smokes; smolders; clouds over.
2. burns; ponders; is vexed.

of dhūmāyati

of dīyati being given

gives; makes a gift; yields; applies.

of dīyati

(according to commentary) coming from what is absolutely good, resulting form what is good; or perhaps; producing what is absolutely good in the future

makes move, stirs; makes sound; raises one’s voice

of garukaroti

(~antī)n. of gaḷagaḷāyati

thunders; roars.

of galeti

of ghaṃsati

of ghāyati

of ghāyati

of ghāyati

smells.

of ghāyati

(& ā, f.?) of gayati

1. (mfn.) sung, chanted.
2. (n., ~ā, f.) singing; a song

of gāheti

(~antī)n. of gāyati

sings, recites in a singing manner.

moves, moves about; behaves, conducts oneself, lives (in a certain way)

moves, moves about; behaves, conducts oneself, lives (in a certain way)

of jaleti

of jhāyati

(~antī)n. of jhāyati

of jhāyati

jhāyati¹

pr. 3 sg. burns, is on fire, is consumed, wastes away, dries up.

jhāyati²

pr. 3 sg. meditates, contemplates, thinks upon, broods over; is thoughtful or meditative.

of jhāyati

of jayati

jiyati¹

pass. pr. 3 sg. is defeated, loses (something, acc., in dicing or gambling)

jiyati²

pr. 3 sg. grows old; decays, wears out; perishes.

jiyyati¹

pass. pr. 3 sg.

jiyyati²

pr. 3 sg.

of jāleti

of jāpeti

of jāyati

of jāyati

is born; comes into existence; grows.

of jāyati

of jāyati

is made old; is made to wear out.

jīyati¹

pr. 3 sg. grows old; decays, wears out; perishes.

jīyati²

pass. pr. 3 sg. is oppressed; is deprived of; loses.

causes to shake or tremble

1. prepares, fits out; sets in order, arranges, dresses.
2. performs; produces, effects; brings about; esp. as auxiliary to nouns, e.g. jīvikaṃ ~eti, jīvitaṃ ~eti, lives; makes one’s living; tri …

is done

is done

speaks, tells; recounts; teaches; speaks about, explains; preaches

kaṭhina

neuter a framework (covered with a mat) to which the cloth for making robes was attached while being sewn; esp. kaṭhinaṃ attharati

1. spreads or covers the kaṭhina, i.e. makes a robe u …

cares for, cherishes; treasures; is possessive of

cares for, cherishes; treasures; is possessive of

props, supports; paralyzes, makes stiff (with fear); obstructs, hinders

asks pardon (for); asks forgiveness

(of the moon) gone beyond waning, new

khiyyati¹

pass. pr. 3 sg. is exhausted, used up; is diminished, decreases; wastes away; perishes, comes to an end

khiyyati²

pass. pr. 3 sg. expresses anger, complains; critici …

shakes; agitates, disturbs

abuses, insults; attacks verbally

cause to eat; feeds; causes to be eaten

is seen, appears, seems.

khīyati¹

pass. pr. 3 sg. is exhausted, used up; is diminished, decreases; wastes away; perishes, comes to an end

khīyati²

pass. pr. 3 sg. expresses anger, complains; criticise …

wearies, exhausts; torments, causes distress to

mentions; relates; recites; describes; celebrates, praises (+acc. or gen.)

agitates; disturbs; provokes; makes invalid; violates

cuts, chops; grinds, pounds; beats, strikes; paws (the ground); hammers (in)

cuts, chops; grinds, pounds; beats, strikes; paws (the ground); hammers (in)

is anxious, fears to do wrong; scruples; feels remorse.

connected to what is good

wishes, desires; loves

causes to do or make, causes to perform or carry out or suffer; has (something) done or made; deals with (with an act of the saṅgha); administers, supervises (the working of); occupies a position (o …

cause to make or do; has (something) made or done

of nahāyati

of nāhayati washes (someone else); helps to wash, attends while bathing; gives a bath

of nahāyati

(~antī)n. of nahāyati

bathes; washes (oneself); bathes, washes, with; takes a ritual bath.

(from nāhayati) one who washes, who bathes.

of nahāyati

(from nāhayati) one who washes, who bathes.

of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nayati

1. leads, guides, conducts; takes; takes away; takes away in marriage; carries off.
2. finds out, ascertains; decides; determines.

of nayati

of nayati

(~antī)n. of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nahāyati

of nibbāpeti

of nibbāyati

of nibbāyati

1. ceases to blow; ceases to burn, goes out; becomes cool, cools; becomes calm, quiet.
2. becomes one in whom the fires (of passion etc) cease to burn; becomes cool.
3. ceases to burn, goes out (like …

oppresses; harasses.

of nihīyati low, base, mean; inferior; deprived of, deficient

decreases, grows less; falls away, falls short (of); is deficient.

of nijjhāyati makes look at, scrutinize; shows; makes understand; convinces; wins over

of nijjhāyati

of nijjhāyati

of nijjhāyati

looks at, observes carefully; scrutinizes; reflects on; meditates (on)

of nijjhāyati

becomes humble, subdued; is humbled.

shakes; shakes to and fro; (beats; ?)

(from nissayati) depending on, relying on; dependence.

leans on; relies on, depends on; resorts to.

of nissayati resorting to, inhabiting; dependent (on); leaning on; attached to, supported by; close to, connected to; resorted to

of nissarati

of nisīdapeti

of nīyati

of niyyāti

of niyyāti

of niyyāti

of niyyāti laid by; given, handed over; gone forth; gone away

goes out, goes forth (to); leaves; esp. leaves saṃsara.

of niyyāteti handed back, restored; handed over, entrusted; given

of niyyāti

of niyyāti

of jānāti is known; is known as

of nayati led, brought to; brought to a state; taken away; carried off

(~antī)n. of nīyati

is led (away); is taken off; is determined, is interpreted

is left behind; falls behind; falls back; hangs back;

is left behind; falls behind; falls back; hangs back;

is bestrewn, covered (with); extends in various directions

moves into, enters

draws down or out.

is seen or known, is visible, appears.

hangs down; sinks down, cowers; hangs back; falls behind

looks at; watches; observes, examines; regards; looks to; looks down; looks to for permission or instruction

hangs down; sinks down, cowers; hangs back; falls behind

urinates upon

is led down or away; is put into water, has water poured over it.

throws into, heaps up (in)

ca.pr causes to descend; puts down; takes down, lowers (on to); removes

causes to sink; immerses; discourages

brings to an end; finishes; ascertains

osārayati¹

pp mfn.

1. makes enter; puts into or on to; lowers (into).
2. makes re-enter, re-admits (a bhikkhu to the saṅgha after suspension)

osārayati²

caus. pr. 3 sg. …

is readmitted

warms; warms in the sun, dries; puts (in the sun) to dry

causes to descend, makes go down (into), fetches down; lets down, lowers, puts down; takes down, removes; makes appear, puts forward; makes alight

lets be rained upon; exposes to the rain

ties, strings up; lays out, fixes (a snare or noose or net); lays out, presents (as a trap, or to mislead)

of tajjeti

(denom. from taṇhā) thirsts, has a craving.

of temeti is made wet

of thaketi

of ṭhapeti

(seme as tāpeti)

of tāreti

protects; guards.

massages, rubs (with unguents)

goes up, rises; increases; arises

shows oneself (to), goes to see

1. is split, breaks open; falls apart, decays.
2. breaks (of dawn)

1. is split, breaks open; falls apart, decays.
2. breaks (of dawn)

causes to appear; rouses; raises one’s voice; utters, speaks

cause to blaze up; kindles; lights

is kindled; is lit

makes a complaint (to, gen. or acc.); makes someone (acc.) contemptuous or indignant (against, acc.); creates ill-will (against, acc.)

complains (about, acc. or gen.); is indignant (at or against, acc. or gen.).

exalts; praises

1. is raised; is thrown up or about.
2. is suspended

1. is raised; is thrown up or about.
2. is suspended

makes jump up; raises

looks up, looks up at; looks to

causes (the eyes) to open; opens (the eyes) wide

shows, exhibits; makes appear; presents

considers, reflects on; holds in the mind, pays attention to; holds, considers as; looks for, investigates, finds out

is produced (in addition); appears; is (re)born.

is found, exists; is perceived; is ascertained; (upalabbhati)

is found, exists; is perceived; is ascertained; (upalabbhati)

observes closely; looks at or thinks of lustfully; thinks of, reflects on.

makes bends towards, makes touch; brings near, hands (to); holds out, offers, presents

ordains, receives into the saṅgha (with the upasampadā ordination)

comes in a body towards.

calms, makes settle.

calls (to); invites.

blows, blows upon.

comes near, approaches, reaches; enters (a state or condition); performs (a sacrifice); flows; flows into; flows at the full.

brings near, provides; procures, fetches; makes serve or attend, employs; causes to appear, brings about

brings near, provides; procures, fetches; makes serve or attend, employs; causes to appear, brings about

is brought into being, is produced; is made available

causes to issue forth or appear; produces, generates, brings into being

appropriates to oneself, takes as one’s own, adopts; lays hold of, grasps; uses; takes as material source, derives, evolves (from).

1. is too plentiful.
2. is removed

raises; erects; lifts up

1. expels; sends away, dismisses.
2. raises, lifts; moves

is discontented, resentful (at the merits or achievements of another); is jealous, is envious (of usually gen./dat.)

is discontented, resentful (at the merits or achievements of another); is jealous, is envious (of usually gen./dat.)

? pr. 3 sg.

impales (on a stake)

stimulates, rouses to action; makes go; sends out, sends away, dismisses

flies up

makes get up, rouses; makes rise, lifts, erects; makes appear, produces, lets rise, appear

of ṇāyati

of jānāti is known; is known as

oppresses; afflicts

sips (water, for purification); rinses (one’s mouth or one’s body)

makes take; makes accept

ādiyati¹

pr. 3 sg. takes, accepts, receives; takes up, undertakes; appropriates; seizes, grasps.

ādiyati²

pr. 3 sg. attends to, takes notice of; shows respect to (+ acc. or gen.).

waits, waits for; expects

aches; is faint, feels tired.

1. is brought or taken; is offered; is related.
2. takes for oneself uses; eats

1. is brought or taken; is offered; is related.
2. takes for oneself uses; eats

causes to be taken or fetched; sends for; demands

eats

is born.

beats, strikes; knocks (at); pounds; hammers (in)

settles down on; is attached to; clings, has longings.

looks at; looks forward

cause. pr. 3 sg. stirs up, disturbs; mixes, confuses, confounds

summons; addresses, speaks to; informs, consults; takes leave of

gladdens, cheers

leads towards or near; brings, fetches; brings home, brings home (as a wife); brings back; supplies, understands (a meaning or word)

causes to be brought; has fetched

causes to enter upon or reach (a state); brings to; brings up, nurtures

1. makes climb, makes go on to or into; puts on to or into, raises; draws (water); impales (on a stake); strings (a bow); plants.
2. lays bare; refutes; imputes; ascribes

wins the favor or approval of, conciliates, propitiates; honors, satisfies; accomplishes, fulfills, carries to a successful end; achieves, gains

meets, encounters, reaches; approaches with (physical or verbal) violence; strikes against, hits; offends, insults

becomes sick; is pained.

1. tilts, tips up (to pour out); tips over.
2. turns (one’s mind) to, gives one’s attention to; ponders over, thinks about

future; next.

leading to birth, old age and death in the future

next; future.

in the future, for the future

comes, comes near, approaches; goes to; reaches (a state or condition).

commands, gives an order (to); orders

of ṭhapeti

of ṭhapeti

of tiṭṭhati