catur

base of numeral four

  1. As num. adj. nom. & acc. m cattāro (Dhp.109; Ja.iii.51) and caturo (Snp.84, Snp.188), f. catasso (Snp.1122), nt. cattāri (Snp.227); gen. m. catunnaṃ (Snp.p.102), (f. catassannaṃ), catu˚ in composition; instr. catubbhi (Snp.229), catūhi (Snp.231) & catuhi; loc. catūsu (Ja.i.262) catusu.
  2. As num. adv., catu˚ catur˚ in cpds catuddasa (14), also through elision & reduction cuddasa Pv-a.55, Pv-a.283, etc., cp. also cātuddasī. Catuvīsati (24) Snp.457; catusaṭṭhi (64) Ja.i.50; Ja.ii.193; Pv-a.74; caturāsīti (84) usually with vassa-sahassāni Ja.i.137 Ja.ii.311; Pv.iv.7#7; Dhp-a.ii.58; Pv-a.9, Pv-a.31, Pv-a.254, etc. See also cattārīsa (40).

-(r)aṃsa (= caturassa, having four edges, four-edged Dhs.617; Pv-a.189 (read ˚sobhitāya); -(r)aṅga (consisting of) four limbs or divisions, fourfold MN.i.77; Ja.i.390; Ja.ii.190, Ja.ii.192; Ja.vi.169 (uposatha, cp. aṭṭhanga) Dpvs.i.6; Sdhp.64; -(r)aṅgika = prec. Dhs.147, Dhs.157, Dhs.397 Kp-a.85; Sdhp.58; -(r)aṅgin (adj.) comprising four parts f. ˚inī, of an army consisting of elephants, chariots cavalry & infantry DN.ii.190; Ja.ii.102, Ja.ii.104; Vism.146; Snp-a.225, Snp-a.353; Dhp-a.iv.144; cp. Ja.vi.275; -(r)aṅgula (adj.) measuring 4 fingers, 4 fingers broad or wide, Vin.i.46; SN.ii.178; Ja.vi.534; Thag.1137; Vism.124. -(r)aṅgulika = prec. Thig.498 (Thag-a.290); -(r)anta see cātur˚; -(r)assa [catur + assa2] four-cornered, quadrangular regular Vin.ii.310 (Bdhgh); Ja.iv.46 (āvāṭa), Ja.iv.492 (sālā); Ja.v.49; Pv.ii.1#19. Cp. caturaṃsa & next; -(r)assara (see last) with 4 sharp sides (of a hammer; ˚muggara Dhp-a.i.126; -(r)ādhiṭṭhāna (adj.) one who has taken the four resolutions (see adhiṭṭhāna) MN.iii.239; -(r)āpassena (adj.) endowed with the four apassena: lit. reclining on four AN.v.29, AN.v.30; DN.iii.269, DN.iii.270; -ussada (catussada) full of four, endowed with 4 things, rich in four attributes Ja.iv.309 (expld. p. Ja.iv.311 as having plenty of people, grain, wood & water); Ja.iv.422 = Ja.iv.461 “with four pillows” (p. Ja.iv.422 has caturassada for caturussada which latter is also to be preferred to catussada, unless this is a haplology). In the same connection occurs satt-ussada (full of people) DN.i.111 e.g. & Pv.iv.1#8 (see satta). The formation “cattussada” has probably been influenced by “sattussada”; -(k)kaṇṇa (& ˚ka (a) with 4 corners Vin.ii.137; Ja.iii.255 (b) “between four ears,” i.e. secret, of manta (counsel) Ja.vi.391 -(k)kama walking with four (feet), quadruped Vv.64#8 Pv.i.11#3; -kuṇḍika on all fours MN.i.79; AN.iii.188; DN.iii.6; Pv.iii.2#7 (cp. Pv-a.181); -koṇa four cornered crossed, in ˚raccha cross road Pv-a.24; -(k)khandha the four khandhas, viz. feeling, perception, synthesis & intellect (see khandha) Dhs-a.345; -(g)guṇa fourfold quadruple DN.ii.135; SN.i.27; Ja.i.213; Vv-a.186; Sdhp.240; -cakka with four wheels SN.i.16 = SN.i.63 (said of the human body, see under cakka); -jāta of four sorts viz. gandha (perfume) having four ingredients Thag-a.72 (see next) -jāti of four kinds Ja.i.265, Ja.v.79; (gandha) These 4 ingredients of perfume are saffron, jasmine Turkish (tarukkha) & Greek incense (yavana); -jātiya (& ˚jātika) in ˚gandha prec. Ja.iii.291; Ja.iv.377; Pv-a.127; Mil.354; Ja.i.178 (˚ka); -(d)disā (pl.) the 4 quarters of the globe SN.i.167 = Snp.p.79; DN.i.251; may also be taken for abl. sg. as adv.: in the 4 quarters Vin.i.16 cp. acc. catuddisaṃ DN.ii.12; -(d)dīpika covering the 4 continents, of megha (a cloud) Dhp-a.ii.95; -dvāra with 4 gates, of a house DN.i.102 (= DN-a.i.270); of Avīciniraya Iti.86; Ja.iv.3; Pv.i.10#13; cp. Catudvāra Jātaka (No. 439; Ja.iv.1 sq.); -nahuta ninety-four Ja.i.25; Ja.vi.486 -paccaya the four requisites (see paccaya) Ja.iii.273 ˚santosa contentment with ˚ Dhp-a.iv.111; -paṇṇasa fifty-four Dhp-a.i.4; -(p)patha a fourways Ja.iv.460; -(p)pada [Sk caturpād, Gr. τετράπους, Lat. quadrupes] a quadruped Vin.ii.110; SN.i.6; AN.v.21; Snp.603, Snp.964; Iti.87; Ja.i.152 Ja.iii.82; -parivaṭṭa (cp. aṭṭha ˚adhideva-ñāṇadassana AN.iv.304) fourfold circle SN.iii.59 sq. (pañcupādānakkhandhe). -parisā (f.) the fourfold assembly, scil. of male & female bhikkhus & upāsakas (cp. parisā) Pv-a.11; -pala fourfold Vism.339. -(p)pādaka (adj.) consisting of 4 padas, i.e. a sloka; f. ˚ikā (gāthā) a complete stanza or sloka Anvs p. 35; -pārisuddhasīla (nt. the four precepts of purity Ja.iii.291; Dhp-a.iv.111- (b)bidha (catur + vidha) fourfold Thag-a, 74; - (b)bipallāsa (catur + vipallāsa) the fourfold change (cp. Ne.85 Thag.1143; Snp-a.46; -byūha (catur + vyūha) arranged in 4 arrays (of hāra) Ne.3, Ne.105; -bhāga the 4th part, a quarter Dhp.108; -bhūmika having 4 stories or stages (of citta or dhamma) Dhp-a.i.21; Dhp-a.iv.72; Dhs-a.344, Dhs-a.345 cp. Vism.493 (of indriya); -madhura (nt.) sweetness (syrup) of 4 (ingredients) DN-a.i.136; Thag-a.68; -mahāpatha a crossing on a high-road Vism.235. -mahābhūtika consisting of the four great elements Dhs-a.403; -(m)mahārājika: see cātum˚; -māsa 4 months, a season Pv-a.96 Dpvs.i.24, Dpvs.i.37 (cā˚); see under māsa; -sacca the four truths or facts (see ariyasacca) Dhp-a.iii.380; Mil.334; (s)sāla (nt.) [catur + sāla] a square formed by 4 houses, in phrasc catuhi gabbhehi paṭimaṇḍitaṃ catussälaṃ kāretvā Vv-a.220; Dhp-a.iii.291; -’ha (catuha & catūha), 4 days catuhena within 4 days SN.ii.191; catūhapañcāha 4 or 5 days Vin.iv.280
■ See also compounds with cātu˚.

Vedic catvārah (m.) catvāri (nt.) fr. *qṷetuor, *qṷetur = Gr. τέτταρες (hom πίσυρες), Lat. quattuor, Goth. fidwōr, Ohg. fior, Ags fēower, E. four; catasras (f.) fr. *qṷ(e)tru, cp. tisras Also as adv. catur fr. *quetrus = Lat. quater & quadru˚.