The river on whose banks was the Lonagiri (or Lena°) vihāra where lived the Thera Sabbaka (Sappaka). Thag.307–310

Here also, in a cave, dwelt the Thera Bhūta. Thag.518f.

This river was probably …

A banyan tree in Uruvelā, on the banks of the Nerañjara, near the Bodhi tree. A week after the Enlightenment the Buddha went there and spent a week cross-legged at the foot of the tree. There he met …

…confidant, the brahmin Vassakāra, to the Buddha to intimate to him his desire to make war on the Vajjians and to find out what prediction the…

A well-known paribbājaka who lived in the Paribbājakārāma on the banks of the River Sappinī near Rājagaha. He is mentioned as staying with the well-known paribbājakas, Varadhara and Sakuludāyi. …

An eminent wandering ascetic. He is mentioned as living in the Paribbājakārāma in the Moranivāpa in Veḷuvana near Rājagaha. He was probably one of the company who was with Sakuludāyi when the Buddha c …

First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …

A park about three miles from Kosambī SN.iii.126 where Khemaka stayed during his illness. Rāhula spent a whole night in the Buddha’s toilet at the Badarikārāma because he was unwilling to violate the …

…the Buddha addresses Ghaṭīkāra Brahmā as “Bhaggava”; he had been a potter of Vehaliṅga in his previous birth and the name…

Bālakaloṇakāra BākalonakārāgamaBālakalonakārāma

A locality near Kosambī.

When the monks of Kosambī started quarrelling, the Buddha left…

BārānasīBenares

The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …

The Wheel Treasure that is one of the seven treasures of a Wheel Turning Monarch (cakkavatti). The Cakkaratana is the Cakkavatti’s chief symbol of office; on its appearance before him, he sprinkles …

A World ruler. The world itself means “Turner of the Wheel,” the Wheel (Cakka) being the well known Indian symbol of empire. More than one thousand sons are his; his dominions extend throughout the …

…the Saṅgha.

The Soṇadaṇḍa, the Dasuttara, the Kandaraka and the Kāraṇḍava Suttas were preached there.

25.25, 871town

Candana¹

A deva, vassal of the Four Regent Gods. DN.ii.258 He is mentioned as one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in case of need. DN.iii.204 He once visited …

Citta¹

A householder of Macchikāsaṇḍa, where he was Treasurer. He was later declared by the Buddha to be pre-eminent among laymen who preached the Doctrine. AN.i.26

When Mahānāma visited …

Cunda¹

A worker in metals living in Pāvā. When the Buddha reached Pāvā on his way to Kusinārā, he stayed in Cunda’s Mango grove. There Cunda visited him and invited him and the monks to a …

DaṇḍakīraññaDandakārañña

The forest which overgrew Kaliṅga when it was laid waste through the wickedness of King Dandakī….

A pool near Kosambī. Close by was the Pilakkhaguhā and the Paribbājakārāma, where Ānanda once visited Sandaka and held a discussion with him. MN.i.513

25.321684,81.3180543lake

…king’s permission. Vassakāra, hearing of this, reported the matter to Bimbisāra, who sent for Dhaniya. Dhaniya maintained that the king, by…

A Koliyan, inhabitant of Kakkarapatta. There he visited the Buddha and asked for a teaching which would bring happiness both in this world and the next. The Buddha explained to him the four conditions …

Nephew of Bandhula, commander-in-chief of Pasenadi. After Bandhula’s death, Dīgha was appointed in his place and accompanied the king. Once, during their travels, they came to Nangaraka and, hearing …

A wanderer. He visited the Buddha at Sūkarakhatalena and the Buddha preached to him the Dīghanakha Sutta, at the end of which he became a sotāpanna. In the sutta he is addressed as Aggivessana. MN.i.497f.

…his confidence in Ghaṭīkāra’s piety. Once, when Ghaṭīkāra was absent, the people, at the Buddha’s suggestion, took away the thatch…

…AN.iii.368 and Vassakāra. AN.iv.18 DN.ii.72

Several well-known suttas were preached on Gijjhakūṭa—e.g., the Māgha, Dhammika and…

…after having eaten there at the invitation of Sunidha and Vassakāra. Vin.i.230 Ud.viii.6 DN.ii.89

Pāṭaliputta2building

…Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī and Sīhappapātaka; these lakes are never heated by the sun. AN.iv.101 The…

IccānaṅgalaIcchānaṅkala

A brahmin village in the Kosala country. It was while staying in the woodland thicket there that the Buddha preached the Ambaṭṭha Sutta. DN.i.87 From this sutta, the village w …

…SN.iii.66f.

• the Rathakāra or Pacetana Sutta AN.i.110f.
• the two Pāsa Suttas SN.i.105f.
• the Samaya Sutta AN.iii.320ff.
• the…

JetavanaJeta’s GroveAnāthapiṇḍaka’s ParkAnāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmaAnāthapiṇḍada’s Park

A park in Sāvatthī, in which was built the Anāthapiṇḍikārāma. When the Buddha accepted Anāthapiṇḍika’s invitation to …

…of Kassapa Buddha. Ghaṭīkāra was his friend and invited Jotipāla to accompany him to the Buddha, but Jotipāla refused to go, saying that a…

A wanderer who, with his friend Mandissa, visited the Buddha at the Ghositārāma. DN.i.159 The Buddha preached to them the Jāliya Sutta. According to the Pātika Sutta, when Jāliya heard that Pātika cou …

A township of the Koliyans. It was while the Buddha was staying there that the Koliyan Dīghajāṇu came to see him. AN.iv.281

27.51557,83.773493town

A Yakkha, mentioned in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta as being one of the chief Yakkhas who should be invoked by followers of the Buddha when they need protection. DN.iii.204

…friendship, which Ghaṭīkāra seemed too modest to mention. SN.i.34f.

The Majjhima Nikāya MN.ii.45f. gives details of the earnestness…

KassapakārāmaKassapārāma

A monastery in Rājagaha, probably near Veḷuvana. It was here that Assaji stayed during his last illness, when the Buddha visited him to comfort him. SN.iii.125

25.01281,85.3 …

King of Mithilā. He was the son of Nimi and belonged to the Makhādeva dynasty. Whereas other kings of his race left the household at the approach of old age, he broke the tradition by not doing so. He …

…birth. He is mentioned with six others, all in like circumstances, by Ghaṭīkāra, on the occasion of a visit he paid to the Buddha. SN.i.35…

An arahant. Once, when he lay very ill at the Badarikārāmā, near Kosambī, some monks, staying at the Ghositārāma, sent one of their number, Dāsaka, with a message to Khemaka, inquiring whether he mana …

The capital of King Khemaṅkara and the birthplace of Kakusandha. DN.ii.7

4town

Khemaṅkara¹Khemaṅkura

The constant attendant of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.6

Khemaṅkara²KhemaKhemākara

The king of Khema or Khemavatī, where the Buddha Kakusandha was born. DN.ii.7

…the Buddha described Ghaṭīkāra’s virtues, the king was pleased and sent five hundred cartloads of provisions to Ghaṭīkāra who, however,…

…through Bālakaloṇakāragāma and the Pācīnavaṃsadāya, retired alone to keep retreat in the Pārileyyaka forest. In the meantime the…

One of the republican clans in the time of the Buddha. The Koḷiyā owned two chief settlements—one at Rāmagāma and the other at Devadaha.

Attached probably to the Koliyan central authorities, was a sp …

kārambhīKāranvī

A wood in which the Elder Cittaka sojourned for some time. Thag.22

4park

…to him his minister Vassakāra. The Buddha predicted DN.ii.72ff. that as long as the Licchavis remained united they were proof against any…

Lohicca¹

A brahmin of Makkarakata in Avanti. Once when Mahā Kaccāna was living there in a forest hut, a number of Lohicca’s pupils came there and began abusing the monks, calling them shav …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that, thrusting aside grasses with his chest, he will seek seclusion. Thag.27

According to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lom …

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

…Sutta SN.v.158 and the Vassakāra Sutta. AN.ii.35f.

Bāvarī had three Mahāpurisalakkhaṇā; he could touch his forehead with his tongue, he…

…four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotattā, Sīhapapātā, Rathakāra, Kappamundā, Kuṇālā, Chaddantā and Mandākinī….

A locality in Avanti. Mahā Kaccāna once stayed there in a forest hut and was visited by Lohicca and his pupils. SN.iv.116f.

Avanti3town

Chief queen of Pasenadi, king of Kosala.

Mallika’s knowledge of the Dhamma made her wiser than Pasenadi would have desired, and he once, in a moment of great affection, asked if anyone were dearer to …

Mallikāya ārāmaMallikārāma

A park in Sāvatthī belonging to Queen Mallikā. DN.i.178 MN.ii.22

27.50735, 82.074733park

The name of a people and their country.

The country is included in the sixteen Great Nations of the Buddha’s time. The kingdom, at that time, was divided into two parts, having their respective capit …

MedāḷupaMedatalumpa

A Sākyan village three leagues from Nagaraka. MN.ii.119 Pasenadi when staying there with Dīgha Kārāyana, heard that the Buddha was there and visited him. On this occasion was prea …

A grove in Veḷuvana at Rājagaha. It contained a Paribbājakārāma, the resort of recluses of various denominations. The Udumbarika Sīhanāda, the Mahā Sakuladāyi and the Culla Sakūladāyi Suttas were prea …

Nagaraka Naṅgaraka

A Sākyan township near Medatalumpa. From there Pasenadi, accompanied by Dīgha-Kārāyana, paid his last visit to the Buddha, as recorded in the Dhammacetiya Sutta. MN.ii.118

The Bu …

Nigrodha¹

A wanderer. Once, when he was staying with a large number of colleagues at the Udumbarikārāma near Rājagaha, Sandhāna, on his way to see the Buddha, stopped him and entered into …

Nigrodhārāma¹

A grove near Kapilavatthu, where a residence was provided for the Buddha. Vin.i.82 There Mahāpajāpati Gotamī first asked permission for women to enter the Order. This was ref …

A king, ancestor of the Sākyas and the Kolians.

In the Ambaṭṭha Sutta DN.i.92 it is stated that Okkāka, being fond of his queen and wishing to transfer the kingdom to her son, banished from the kingd …

A little boy Yakkha. While his mother, with him on her hip, was seeking for food at night, she came unexpectedly to Jetavana where Anuruddha was reciting some verses. The sound pleased her and she sto …

Nephew and pupil of Bāvarī. At the time that he visited the Buddha with the other disciples he was 120 years old and very feeble. At the end of his discussion with the Buddha, as recorded in the Piṅgi …

…conversation between him and Kāraṇapālī. The latter meets Piṅgiyānī and, on learning that he was returning from a visit to the Buddha, asks…

A wanderer. A discussion between him and the Buddha on samādhi and on the soul, which took place in Mallikārāma in Sāvatthī, is reported in the Poṭṭhapāda Sutta. Poṭṭhapāda, accepting the Buddha’s v …

…passing through Bālaklonakāragāma and Pācīnavaṃsadāya, went to Pārileyyaka, where he stayed at the foot of Bhaddasāla in the…

…ministers, Sunīdha and Vassakāra, were engaged in building fortifications there in order to repel the Vajjīs. The Buddha prophesied the future…

A naked ascetic of Vesāli who went about claiming to have greater mystic powers than the Buddha, and thereby much impressed Sunakkhatta. Pātikaputta had prophesied that, after death, the Licchavi gene …

Revata¹Khadiravaniya

An eminent disciple of the Buddha, declared by him foremost among forest dwellers. AN.i.24

His Theragāthā verses appear under two names. As Khadiravaniya he admonishe …

RāhulaRāhulabhadda

Only son of Gotama Buddha. When the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu for the first time after his Enlightenment and accepted Suddhodana’s invitation, Rāhula’s mother sent the boy to the …

…and sent his minister, Vassakāra, to the Buddha at Gijjhakūṭa, to find out what his chances of success were. DN.ii.72

After the Buddha’s…

RāmagāmakaRāmagāma

A Koliyan village on the banks of the Ganges. Its inhabitants claimed and obtained a share of the Buddha’s relics, over which they erected a thūpa. DN.ii.167

26.146795,84.098271town

SabbakaSappaka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his joy in living on the banks of the Ajakaraṇī, practising meditation. Thag.307–310.

SakkharaSakkāra

A township of the Sākyans where the Buddha once stayed with Ānanda. SN.v.2 It was not far from Rājagaha and was the residence of…

A famous Paribbājaka. The Mahā-Sakuladāyī and the Culla Sakuladāyī Suttas record two conversations between him and the Buddha in the Paribbājakārāma at Moranivāpa in Rājagaha.

He is also said to hav …

Samiddhi

Once, while he was at Silāvati musing on his good fortune as a monk, Māra tried to terrify him. Samiddhi told the Buddha of this, but the Buddha asked him to stay on where he was. He obeyed, …

A Paribbājaka who joined the Order and soon after left it. He then went about proclaiming in Rājagaha that he knew the Dhamma and Vinaya of the Sakyaputta monks, and that was why he had left their Ord …

SikhīArindama

A Buddha of a past age.DN.ii.7 DN.iii.195f. SN.ii.9

• He was born in the Nisabha pleasance in Aruṇavatī.
• His father was the khattiya Aruṇa and his mother Pabhāvatī.
• His wife wa …

SippinikātīraSappinīSappinīkā

A river that flowed through Rājagaha. On its bank was a Paribbājakārāma where famous Paribbājakas lived in the Buddha’s time. AN.i.185 AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 SN.i.153

Rājagaha3river

Sudhamma¹

He lived in Macchikāsaṇḍa, in a monastery (the Ambātakārāma) provided by Citta. Citta used to invite Sudhamma to his house for meals. One day Sāriputta, at the head of several em …

She was the daughter of King Koñca of Mantāvatī. Her Therīgāthā verses, of which she has the greatest number of any of the nuns, speak of the emptiness of the home life and the advantages of going for …

SumāgadhāSumāgavā

A lotus pond near Rājagaha. The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions the Buddha as relating the story of a man who went to Sumāgadhā with the thought, “I will speculate about the world.” He saw …

…of Māgadha, who, with Vassakāra, was in charge of the fortifications of Pāṭaligāma, built in order to repel the Vajjīs. These two are always…

A town in Kosala. It was regarded in the Buddha’s time as one of the six great cities of India, the others being Campā, Rājagaha, Sāvatthī, Kosambī and Benares. DN.ii.146 In the Vinaya Vin.i.253 howev …

…Pasenadimhi Kosale nipaccakāram abhivādanam paccupatthānam añjalikammam sāmīcikammam); cf. Sn.vs 422, where the Buddha describes his…

SūkarakhaSūkarakhataSūkarakhatala

A cave on the side of Gijjhakūṭa, where the Buddha stayed. There he preached the Dīghanakha Sutta to Dīghanakha. Sāriputta was also present, and the sutta led to his …

TindukkhānuTindukkhānuparibbājakārāma

A dwelling of wanderers near Vesāli. It was the residence of Pāthikaputta. DN.iii.17

near Vesāli3non-Buddhist monastery

…dead. Vin.i.7

In the Vassakāra Sutta of the Aṅguttara Nikāya AN.ii.180 it is mentioned that King Eḷeyya, together with his bodyguard,…

…addresses him as “salt-worker’s boy” (loṇakārakadāraka). AN.ii.182

…Gopaka-Moggallāna Sutta, between Ānanda and Vassakāra. MN.iii.13

A householder of Campā, a devout and skilled follower of the Buddha. Once, when on his way to see the Buddha at Gaggarā Lake, he found he had arrived too early and went into the Paribbājakārāma near b …

A noted wanderer in the time of the Buddha. He lived with Annabhāra, Sakuludāyī and others in the Paribbājakārāma, on the banks of the Sappinikā, AN.ii.29 AN.ii.176 and again in the Moranivāpa in Rāja …

…who is present. Vassakāra asks Ānanda where he lives, and is told, in Veḷuvana. Vassakāra thinks this a good place for the practice of…

…township where lived Ghaṭīkāra, friend of Jotipāla. SN.i.34 SN.i.60

The township was in Kosala, and once, during his long stay in Kosala, the…

…made of Ugga, Piṅgiyāni, Kāraṇapālī, Sīha, Vāseṭṭha, AN.iv.258 and the various Licchavis.

Vesāli was a stronghold of the…

One of the nine aṅgas, into which the Dhamma was organized by way of literary style. It means “Answer” or “Explanation” and refers to discourses elaborated by way of question and answer.

A class of non human beings generally described as non-human. They are mentioned with Devas, Rakkhasas, Dānavas, Gandhabbas, Kinnaras, and Mahoragas (? Nāgas).

Elsewhere AN.ii.38 they rank, in progr …

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …