the shaft of an arrow, an arrow.

tuberous root, a bulb, tuber, as radish, etc. Ja.i.273; Ja.iv.373; Ja.vi.516; Vv-a.335; ˚mūla bulbs and roots (˚phala) DN.i.101; a bulbous root Ja.v.202.

Sk. kanda

…Mhvs.17, Mhvs.35. 4. kaṇḍaṃ (adv.) a portion of time, for a while, a little Pgdp.36

■ See also khaṇḍa,…

A mountain in North India, on the Upper Ganges. There, for some time, lived the Thera Sambhūta Sānavāsi, and it was there that Yasa Kākandakaputta saw him. The meeting of arahants to discuss what meas …

One of the four great monarchies in the time of the Buddha, the other three being Māgadha, Kosala and Vaṃsa (or Vatsa). Avanti is also mentioned among the sixteen Great Nations. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN. …

A city in India on the river of the same name; it was the capital of Aṅga and was celebrated for its beautiful lake, the Gaggarā-pokkharaṇī. On its banks was a grove of campaka-trees, well known for …

…grotto some distance from Veḷuvana in Rājagaha. Monks coming to Rājagaha from afar were provided…

GundāvanaKundāvanaGuṇḍāvanaKuṇḍāvana

A forest in Madhurā. Mahā Kaccāna stayed there and was visited by Avantiputta, king of Madhurā, to whom he preached the Madhurā Sutta, MN.ii.83f. and by the bra …

A wandering ascetic who visited the Buddha at Campā, on the banks of Lake Gaggarā together with Pessa the elephant trainer’s son. Pessa saluted the Buddha and sat down, while Kandaraka, after his salu …

KandarāyanaKundarāyana

A brahmin. He visited Mahā Kaccāna at the Gundavana near Madhurā and accused him of not paying due respect to elderly brahmins, but when Mahā Kaccāna preached to him he express …

A grotto, probably near Rājagaha. On one occasion Sāriputta, having recently shaved his head, was seated there wrapt in samādhi, and a yakkha, passing overhead with his friend to an assembly of *yak …

KaṇḍakīvanaKantakīvanaTikantakī

A grove near Sāketa. The conversation which took place there between Sāriputta and Moggallāna is recorded…

Kaṇṭaka Kaṇḍaka

A novice ordained by Upananda. Kaṇṭaka committed an offence with another novice, Mahaka. When this became known, a rule…

KaṇṭakāKaṇḍakā

A nun who was guilty of unchastity with the novice Kaṇṭaka. Vin.i.85

The capital of the Vatsas or Vaṃsas. In the time of the Buddha its king was Parantapa, and after him reigned his son Udena. Kosambī was evidently a city of great importance at the time of the Buddha f …

MadhurāMathurā

The capital of Surasena, situated on the Yamunā. Its king, soon after the death of Bimbisāra, was Avantiputta, MN.ii.83 who, judging by his name, was probably related to the royal fami …

A novice, pupil of Upananda, who is mentioned as having been guilty of a sexual offence with Kaṇḍakā, another novice. Vin.i.70

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

…were named Okkāmukha, Karakaṇḍa, Hatthinika, and Sīnipura. They lived on the slopes of the Himalaya and, consorting with their sisters and…

An elephant trainer of Campā. He visited the Buddha at Gaggarāpokkharanī where Kandaraka was also present, and his conversation on that occasion is recorded in the Kandaraka Sutta. When Pessa had left …

PāveyyakāPātheyyakā

The name given to the inhabitants of Pāvā—e.g., Pāveyyakā Mallā. DN.ii.165

Pāvā was evidently a centre of Buddhist activity even during the lifetime of the Buddha, and mention is …

Revata¹Khadiravaniya

An eminent disciple of the Buddha, declared by him foremost among forest dwellers. AN.i.24

His Theragāthā verses appear under two names. As Khadiravaniya he admonishe …

SahajātiSahajātāSahañcanika

A township where Yasa Kākandakaputta met Soreyya Revata, whom he wished to consult regarding the Ten Points raised by the Vajjiputtakas. Revata had gone there from Soreyya …

Sambhūta¹Sītavaniya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how a bhikkhu in the Sītavana (Cool Grove) is victorious. Thag.6

Sambhūta²Sānavāsī

When the Vajjiputtaka heresy aro …

A Licchavi prince of Vesāli. He was, at one time, a member of the Order and the personal attendant of the Buddha, but was later converted to the views of Korakkhattiya and went about defaming the Budd …

A grove near lake Tapodā. In the grove was a monastery where the Buddha seems to have stayed on several occasions. It is said DN.ii.116 that on one such occasion the Buddha gave Ānanda the chance of a …

A cave outside Rājagaha where lodgings were provided for visiting monks. Vin.ii.76 Vin.iii.159

outside Rājagaha3monastery

…had under him two novices, Kaṇḍaka and Mahaka, who seem to have resembled their teacher in being undesirables. They were found guilty of…

VeḷukaṇḍaVeḷukaṇṭa

A city in Avanti. Moggallāna and Sāriputta visited the place in the course of a journey in Dakkhiṇāgiri and were…

VeḷukaṇṭakīVeḷukaṇḍakīVeḷukaṇḍakiyāVeḷukaṇṭakiyā

A lady of Veḷukaṇṭa. She is mentioned as an exemplary lay…

…listening to Veḷukaṇḍakī Nandamātā reciting the Parāyana Vagga. AN.iv.63 At the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta many hundreds…

Yasa ¹

He was the son of a very wealthy treasurer of Benares, and was brought up in great luxury, living in three mansions, according to the seasons and surrounded with all kinds of pleasu …

eating tubers, roots, and fruit.

(~antī)n.

gully, a gorge; a ravine; an inlet

gully, a gorge; a ravine; an inlet

calls out; cries; laments.

a trick with an arrow

a trick with an arrow

whose tendons have been cut.

disease (of animals)

Bodhi: from verbal root budhi to awaken, to understand: awakening, enlightenment, supreme knowledge. Through Bodhi one awakens from the slumber or stupor inflicted upon the mind by the defilemen …

to make fall, to bring to fall, to throw Ja.ii.91 (kaṇḍaṃ).

abhi + pāteti

to lament, wail, cry SN.iv.206.

ā + kandati, krand

…Vin.ii.154 (Bdhgh. explains on p. 321: apesī ti dīghadārumhi khāṇuke pavesetvā kaṇḍaka-sākhāhi vinandhitvā kataṃ…

bulbous plant, a tuber Ja.iv.46 (= ˚vallīkanda, cp. gloss latātanta on kalamba), Ja.iv.371 (= ˚kanda com. p. 373); Ja.vi.578. Cp. takkaḷa.

f. of biḷāla = biḷāra, cp. Sk. biḍālī, …

…dāyakā) Ja.v.129 (kaṇḍa˚) Pv.i.1#1f.; Pv.i.1#2; Pv.i.4#2; Pv.i.5#5 DN-a.i.298 Pv-a.113 (= dada) Mil.258 (˚ānaṁ dakkhiṇā);…

…dāyakā) Ja.v.129 (kaṇḍa˚) Pv.i.1#1f.; Pv.i.1#2; Pv.i.4#2; Pv.i.5#5 DN-a.i.298 Pv-a.113 (= dada) Mil.258 (˚ānaṁ dakkhiṇā);…

the throat Ja.i.216, Ja.i.264 Ja.iii.26; Ja.iv.494; Ja.i.194 (a dewlap); Pv-a.11, Pv-a.104.

• -agga the top of the throat Sdhp.379;
• -ajjhoharaniya able to be swallowed (of s …

adjective belonging to the Gandhāra country (Kandahar) f. gandhārī in gandhārī vijjā Name of a magical charm DN.i.213; at Ja.iv.498 it renders one invisible.

…v. 514–528) under Naraka-kaṇḍa, Tiracchāna˚, Peta˚, Manussa˚, Deva˚. Of these Nos. 1–3 are considered duggatis, whilst Nos. 4 and 5…

mountain; as a rule only in cpds, by itself (poetical) only at Vism.206 (in enumⁿ of the 7 large mountains).

• -agga mountain top, in giraggasamajja Name of a festival c …

hiding place, a cave, cavern (cp kandara & see giriguhā); fig. the heart (in ˚āsaya) According to Bdhgh. (on Vin.i.58, see Vin. Texts i.174 “a hut of bricks, or in a rock, or of wood.” Vin.i.58 Vin. …

Name of a certain herb or plant (Convolv. repens?); may be a bulb or radish Ja.iv.46 (= tālakanda), cp. p. Ja.iv.371, Ja.iv.373 (where C explains by tāla-kanda; gloss BB however gives latā-tanta); J …

…SN.ii.267; Mil.366;

• -kaṇḍa a wooden arrow Ja.iii.273 (acittaṃ k˚: without feeling)

cp. Sk. kaḍankara &…

Name of a plant with white flowers Ja.iv.442
■ makuḷa knob (?) of k. plant Vism.253 (as in description of sinews).

crying, lamenting Pv-a.262

Sk. krandana

1. a cave, grotto, generally, on the slope or at the foot of a mountain Vin.ii.76, Vin.ii.146 used as a dwelling-place Thag.602; Ja.i.205; Ja.iii.172.
2. a glen, defile, gully DN.i.71 = AN.ii.210 = P …

to cry, wail, weep, lament, bewail Dhp.371; Vv.83#12 Ja.vi.166; Mil.11, Mil.148; freq. of Petas: Pv-a.43, Pv-a.160 Pv-a.262 (cp. rodati)
■ In kāmaguṇā pass. urattāḷiṃ k MN.i.86 = Cnd. s.v.; AN.ii …

Name of esculent water lily, having an enormous bulb DN.i.264.

adjective weeping, lamenting Dāvs iv.46; a˚ not weeping Ja.iii.58. (n. nt.) crying, lamentation Ja.iii.57; Mil.148.

pp. of kandati

Err:501

…Vin.i.91, Vin.i.322 (in cpd. kaṇḍara-cchinna one whose tendons (of the feet) have been cut); Kv.23, Kv.31; Vism.253, Vism.254 (where Kp-a.49…

at Ja.i.155 is misprint; read: kaṇḍam assa atthī ti kaṇḍī taṃ kaṇḍinaṃ.

…ahosi; in preceding lines the expression used is “sahassa-kaṇḍagamanaṃ uccaṃ.”

= kaṇḍa in compound

…Ja.v.260
■ Cp. also kaṇḍaka and nikkaṇṭaka.

• -āpacita covered with thorns…

…Vv.83#16 = Pv.iv.1#76 (cp. akhaṇḍasīla) = Dhp-a.i.32.

freq. spelt kaṇḍa (q.v.). Cp. Sk. khaṇḍa; explained at Dhtp.105 as…

…DN.i.96; MN.i.429 (+ vekaṇḍa); Vism.381.

• -kosa razor-sheath Vism.251, Vism.255.
• -cakka a…

spade or a hoe (kanda-mūla-phalagahaṇ’atthaṃ DN-a.i.269) Vin.iii.144; Ja.v.45; Dhp-a.iv.218 Often in combination kuddāla-piṭaka “hoe and basket DN.i.101; SN.ii.88; SN.v.53; AN.i.204; AN.ii.199; …

1. a bud (Hardy in Index to Vv-a gives “Mimusops elengi” after BR) Thig.260; Vv.45#26; Ja.i.273; Ja.ii.33; Ja.iv.333; Ja.v.207 (makuḷa), Ja.v.416 Vism.230 (ḷ); Vism.256 (paduma˚); Vv-a.177 (kaṇavī …

…the 4^th part of the Atthasālinī (Dhs-a.343–Dhs-a.409) is called nikkhepa-kaṇḍa or chapter of the summary; similarly *m-…

1. (lit.) root AN.ii.200; MN.i.233; Dhp-a.i.270; Dhp-a.iv.200 (opp. patti); Vism.270 (rukkha˚; = rukkha-samīpaṃ); Pv.ii.9#6 (sa˚ with the root); Pv-a.43 (rukkhassa mūle at the foot of).
2. foot …

adj. nt.

1. (adj.)
   1. (-˚) being caused by, having its reason through or from, conditioned by originating in Vb.390 (taṇhā˚ dhammā); Tikp.233 sq. Tikp.252 sq., Tikp.288 sq. & passim; Vb-a.200 sq …

…Ja.i.419; Ja.iii.220 (kaṇḍa˚ a quiver); Ja.iv.67; Dhp-a.ii.193 (tela˚), Dhp-a.ii.257. Cp pa˚.

• -paṭṭa…

1. a mountain (-range), hill, rock SN.i.101 SN.i.102, SN.i.127, SN.i.137; SN.ii.32, SN.ii.185, SN.ii.190; AN.i.243; AN.ii.140; AN.iv.102 (dhūpāyati); Snp.413, Snp.417, Snp.543, Snp.958, Snp.1014; Mnd …

…(soḷasa˚ = soḷasa-kaṇḍa-pāta-vitthāro C.)
■ Note. pabbedha owes its bb to analogy with ubbedha. It also corresponds to the…

1. a cleft, split, fissure, crevice MN.i.469; SN.ii.32; Snp.720 (= darī Snp-a.500); combined with kandara at Mil.36, Mil.296 Mil.411; Pv-a.29.
2. a board, plank Ja.ii.10 Ja.ii.91 (˚sakaṭa Ja.ii.112; …

1. to stretch forth, hold out or up, take up DN.i.123 (sujaṃ the sacrificial ladle), DN.i.125 (añjaliṃ stretch out the hollow hands as a token of respectful greeting); SN.i.141; SN.ii.280; Ja.i.89 (pa …

to cry out, shout out, wail Snp.310 (3rd pret. pakkanduṃ) Ja.vi.55 (id.), Ja.vi.188 (id.), Ja.vi.301 (id.).

Ved. prakrandati, pra + krand

an enemy, adversary, robber, highwayman Ja.i.186; Ja.ii.239; Dhp-a.iii.456 (variant reading ˚kaṇḍaka).

paṭi + kantaka⁴

(usually -˚) a heap, pile, mass, multitude Vin.ii.211; Ja.i.146 (sabba-rogānaṃ). As in foll. compounds: aṭṭhi˚ Iti.17 (+ aṭṭhikandala); kaṭṭha˚ AN.iii.408; AN.iv.72; Ja.ii.327 …

tree. In the rukkha-mūlik’ anga (see below) Bdhgh at Vism.74 gives a list of trees which are not to be selected for the practice of “living at the root of a tree.” These are sīmantarika-rukkha, ceti …

bird (esp. with ref. to augury) DN.i.71 (pakkhin +); Vin.iii.147; SN.i.197; AN.ii.209 AN.iii.241 sq., AN.iii.368; Ja.ii.111, Ja.ii.162 (Kandagala); Kp-a.241 pantha˚; see under *[pantha](/define/pa …

to aspire to, to enter into Mil.35.

saṃ + pakkhandati, cp. BSk. sampraskandati Mvu.ii.157

to flow DN.ii.128, DN.ii.129 (aor. sandittha); Ja.i.18; Ja.vi.534 (variant reading sikandati siyandati?); Pv.ii.10#4 (= pavatteti Pv-a.143)
caus sandāpeti to cause to flow Mil.122
pp *[sanna](/ …

the plantain, and its flower Ja.iv.440 (= kadali- puppha C.; so read for kandala˚); and perhaps at Thig.260 for pattali (q.v.), which is explained as kadali …

bulbous plant, a tuberose Ja.iv.46, Ja.iv.371 (biḷāli˚, expl. at Ja.iv.373 by takkala-kanda) = Ja.vi.578.

the tree Diospyros embryopteris DN.i.178 (variant reading tiṇḍ˚); Ja.v.99; tiṇḍukāni food in a hermitage Ja.iv.434; Ja.vi.532
■ tindukakandarā Npl. the T. cave Vin.ii.76
■ See also timbaru & tim …

1. the palmyra tree (fan palm), Borassus flabelliformis; freq. in comparisons similes MN.i.187; Ja.i.202 (˚vana), Ja.i.273 (˚matta as tall as a palm): Vv-a.162; Pv-a.100 (chinnamūlo viya tālo)
2. a …

water Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.213; DN.ii.15 (˚assa dhārā gushes or showers of w.); Dhp.80 Dhp.145; Ja.i.212; Pv.i.5#7; Pp.31, Pp.32; Mil.318; Vv-a.20 (udake temanaṃ aggimhe tāpanaṃ); Dhp-a.i.289; Dhp-a. …

adjective a certain disease (? mange) of jackals SN.ii.230, SN.ii.271; S. A. ʻthe fur falls off from the whole body’.

ut + kaṇṇa + ka lit. “with ears out” or is it ukkandaka?

…like a little hollow; ˚kaṇḍakin (= ˚paṇḍukin? whitish); ˚deva a minor god; ˚nibha somewhat similar to; ˚nila bluish; upapurohita…

(Pv.ii.1#13) see under uppaṇḍukin.

…and reading at Pv.ii.1#13 upakaṇḍakin. The latter may itself be a corruption, but is expl^d. at Pv-a.72 by upakaṇḍaka-jāta…

…in muḷāla˚; the (edible) tuber of the lotus Ja.vi.563 (C. kaṇḍaka).

cp. *Sk. vaṭaka, fr. vaṭa rope

kind of arrow MN.i.429.

perhaps connected with vikaṇṇaka

to cry out, lament, wail Ja.vi.525.

vi + kandati

…behaving, acting AN.iii.383 (kaṇḍaka˚); Pv-a.120 (dukkha˚); sabhāga˚ living in mutual courtesy or properly, always combined with…