1. the lap.
2. the hollow above the hips where infants are carried.

Aṅka¹

= anga, sign, mark, brand Mil.79; -karana branding Ja.iv.366, Ja.iv.375. See also anketi.

Aṅka²

1. a hook…

…The mother of the Yakkha Piyaṅkara, while wandering in search of food, heard him at night reciting some verses from the Dhammapada and stood…

BārānasīBenares

The capital of Kāsi-janapada. It was one of the four places of pilgrimage for the Buddhists - the others being Kapilavatthu, Buddhagayā and Kusināra - because it was at, the Migadā …

IccānaṅgalaIcchānaṅkala

A brahmin village in the Kosala country. It was while staying in the woodland thicket there that the Buddha preached…

A district in Jambudīpa; it is mentioned in a list of places passed by the Buddha on his way from Verañjā to Bārānasī, across the Ganges, the route passing through Verañjā, Soreyya, Sankassa, Kannakuj …

Kassapagotta¹

A monk living in Vāsabhagāma in the Kāsi kingdom. He was in the habit of showing extreme hospitality to the monks who came there from other parts. Once some monks who visited …

King of Mithilā. He was the son of Nimi and belonged to the Makhādeva dynasty. Whereas other kings of his race left the household at the approach of old age, he broke the tradition by not doing so. He …

…by Revata when going from Saṅkassa to Sahajāti, this road passing through Kaṇṇakujja, Udumbara, and Aggalapura. Vin.ii.299

Verañja to…

The capital of King Khemaṅkara and the birthplace of Kakusandha. DN.ii.7

4town

Khemaṅkara¹Khemaṅkura

The constant attendant of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.6

Khemaṅkara²KhemaKhemākara

The king of Khema or…

Kosala¹

A country inhabited by the Kosalans, to the north-west of Māgadha and next to Kāsī. It is mentioned second in the list of sixteen Great Nations.AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 In the Buddha’s …

…Mount Vepulla was known as Vaṅkaka, and the people living on the mountain were called Rohitassā, their term of life being thirty thousand years….

…passing through Soreyya, Saṅkassa and Kaṇṇakujja, and crossing the Ganges at Payāga. Vin.iii.11 It was one of the river ghats where people…

A township in Kosala, the residence of a monk named Kassapa of the Kampagotta. The Buddha is mentioned as having once stayed there during his tours in Kosala. AN.i.236

Kosala3town

A little boy Yakkha. While his mother, with him on her hip, was seeking for food at night, she came unexpectedly to Jetavana where Anuruddha was reciting some verses. The sound pleased her and she sto …

…and, travelling through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, Udumbara and Aggalapura, reached Sahajāti. There the monks met him and consulted him…

…Mount Vipula was called Vaṅkaka. The life of a Rohitassa was thirty thousand years. The people took three days to climb Vipula and three to…

…known by other names e.g., Vaṅkaka for Vepulla. SN.ii.191 The Saṃyutta SN.i.206 mentions another peak near Rājagaha—Indakūta.

Rājagaha…

…him, passing through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, Udumbara and Aggalapura. Sahajāti was on the river, and the Vajjiputtakas went there from…

During the Vajjiputta controversy, Revata Thera, on his way from Soreyya to Sahājāti, went through Sankassa.

26.21347,79.86595town

…to Sahājāti, went through Saṅkassa. The road he took passed through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, Udumbara and Aggālapura….

…his chief disciples among monks.

• Akhila and Padumā among nuns.
• His constant attendant was Khemaṅkara.
• Among his patrons were Sirivaḍḍha…

…direct route from Verañja to Payāgatiṭṭha, passing through Soreyya, Saṅkassa and Kaṇṇakuja. Vin.iii.11

26.53389,79.301022town

Soṇa¹

A Thera, declared chief of those possessing clear utterance. AN.i.24 He lived in Avantī, where he met Mahākaccāna and was later ordained by him, after much difficulty assembling the …

Todeyya¹

A Mahāsāla brahmin, mentioned in a list of eminent brahmins gathered together at Icchanankala and Manasākaṭa. DN.i.235 Snp.p.115

There was in Caṇḍalakappa a mango grove belonging …

VepullaVipulaVaṅkakaPācīnavaṃsaSupassa

The highest of the five mountains surrounding Rājagaha. SN.i.67

• In the time of Kakusandha Buddha,…

…passing through Soreyya, Saṅkassa and Kaṇṇakujja, and crossing the Ganges at Payāgapatiṭṭhāna. From Benares he proceeded to Vesāli….

…sphere of existence e.g., Piyaṅkaramātā and Punabbasumātā, and even Vessavaṇa, listening to Veḷukaṇḍakī Nandamātā reciting the…

…following him through Saṅkassa, Kaṇṇakujja, Udumbara, Aggalapura and Sahajāti. Having found Revata, he questioned him regarding the ten…

lankadatlan figyelem, fáradhatatlan törődés

elhatározás, elgondolás

having died last evening

constantly ailing

1. the (false) conception of one’s individuality; pride, conceit.
2. the theory of self-creation

devoted to the theory of self-creation

suitable, adequate for the action

ornaments; adorns oneself; puts on; (neg.) finds no satisfaction in.

adorned, decorated; wearing ornaments

adorned and decorated; fully adorned

ornament, decoration; the act of decorating; improvement.

eradicated; annihilated

thinking insufficient; not finding satisfaction in

not adorned; unsatisfied

walks up and down along; walks up and down with or after.

being inclined towards; intimacy.

without bend or crookedness

1. (m.) little or no illness, good health.
2. (mfn.) having little or no illness, in good health

half crossed-legged posture, i.e. with one leg straight

collection of bones; a skeleton

chain of bones, a skeleton

1. the act of walking, walking about, walking up and down.
2. a place for walking up and down, a (raised) walkway, a terrace.

of caṅkamati

hall or enclosure for walking about in.

(~antī)n of caṅkamati

of caṅkamati

walks, walks about, walks up and down.

of caṅkamati

of caṅkamati

of caṅkamati

which adorns or improves (makes fit?)

adornment or improvement (making fit?) and equipping of thinking?

…(those three plus saṅkacchika and udakasāṭika), especially the uttarasaṅga or saṅghati (prob. both sewn of pieces as a…

robe which has to be handed back; a borrowed robe.

crow.

with the appearance of a crow.

hard to approach.

dīpa¹

masculine a lamp, a light.

dīpa²

masculine neuter

1. an island; a shelter, a place of refuge.
2. a division of the terrestrial world, one of the four continents.
3. the …

as crooked as a gopānasī.

influenced by a good man or good men; inclining towards, associating with, people of fine qualities

heron.

an ornament round an elephant’s foot.

or neuter a timber footing or support or buttress.

1. (mfn.) who has died; dead; a dead person.
2. (n.) death

(the power of) fulfilling the desires (of anyone); (the power of) acting as one likes

separates oneself from; repudiates; rejects; removes.

of niraṅkaroti repudiated, rejected; removed.

of niraṅkata

provoking fear or apprehension, dangerous.

going to see, visiting; approaching.

(~antī)n.

approaches; goes to, goes to see, visits.

(from upasaṅkamati) one who approaches, goes to; one who goes to see; visits.

(from upasaṅkamati) one who approaches, goes to; one who goes to see; visits.

who has approached, gone to, visited; having approached, gone to

suspects; distrusts; fears.

contact with disease; the touch, the sensation of sickness.

Avihimsā, ahimsā, avihesā: harmlessness, nonviolence, absence of cruelty. The thought of harmlessness or non-cruelty; avihimsā - vitakka is one of the three constituents of right motivat …

Bodhi: from verbal root budhi to awaken, to understand: awakening, enlightenment, supreme knowledge. Through Bodhi one awakens from the slumber or stupor inflicted upon the mind by the defilemen …

Theravāda: ‘Doctrine of the Elders’, is a name of the oldest form of the Buddha’s teachings, handed down to us in the Pāli language. According to tradition, its name is derived from the fact of ha …

Thought: Right: sammā - sankappa see: sacca, magga.

(˚ṭṭhahati) to get up to, proceed to, DN.i.105 (cankamaṃ).

abhi + ud + sthā

to eat (of animals) Vin.ii.201 (bhinko pankaṃ a.).

abhi + bhakkhayati

adjective not fit for walking, not level or even Thag.1174 (magga).

a + cankama

1. (temporal) lapse, passing; passing away, end, death. Usually as instr. accayena after the lapse of, at the end or death of, after Vin.i.25; DN.ii.127 (rattiyā a.), DN.ii.154 ( …

1. price, value, worth, Mil.244; Mhvs.26, Mhvs.22; Mhvs.30, Mhvs.76; Vv-a.77
   ■ mahaggha (adj.) of great value Ja.iv.138; Ja.v.414; Ja.vi.209; Pv.ii.1#18. See also mahāraha. …

straight forwardness, rectitude, uprightness Dhs.1339. (+ ajimhatā & avankatā).

fr. prec.

indeclinable emphatic particle

1. in affirmative sentences: part. of assurance emphasis = for sure, very much (so), indeed, truly. Note. In connection with a dat. or an infin. the latter only app …

doing up, fitting out, ornamentation Ja.i.60.

alaṃ + karaṇa, fr. alankaroti

adjective adorning, embellishing, decorating Dhp-a.i.410.

fr. alankaraṇa

…Ja.iii.189; Ja.vi.368). ger. -karitvā Dhp-a.i.410; Pv-a.74
pp alaṅkata
caus alaṅkārāpeti to cause to be…

…“done enough” (see alaṃ, use with instr.), only neg. analaṅkata in meaning…

“getting up” i.e. fitting out, ornament, decoration; esp. trinkets, ornaments DN.iii.190; AN.iii.239; AN.iii.263 sq.; Ja.vi.368; Pv-a.23 Pv-a.46, Pv-a.70 (-˚ adj. adorned with), Pv-a.74; Sdhp.249 …

adjective see nirankaroti.

a + nirākata

sidewalk Ja.i.7.

fr. anucankamati

to follow (along) after, to go after DN.i.235; MN.i.227; Thag.481, Thag.1044; Caus ˚āpeti MN.i.253, cp. Lal.147, Lal.3; Mvu.i.350.

anu + cankamati

Anupasaṅkamati¹

to go along up to (c. acc.) Pv-a.179.

anu + pa + saṃkamati

Anupasaṅkamati²

not to go to. not to…

disputing, quarrelling(?) Vin.ii.88 (under anuvādâdhikaraṇa).

anu + saṃ + pavankatā; is reading correct?

adjective at Vv.36#1 should be read as apiḷaddha (= Sk. apinaddha) pp. of apiḷandhati (apiḷandhati) “adorned with”, or (with variant reading SS) as apiḷandhana; Vv-a.167 ex …

…Vism.124.

• -ātaṅka little (or no illness, freedom from illness, good health (= appābādha with which often…

…appossukka tuṇhībhūta saṅkasāya “living at ease, given to silence, resigned” Mrs. Rhys Davids trsl. 258, see also J.P.T.S. 1909, 22);…

adjective [a + sankusaka, which is distorted from Sk. sankasuka splitting, crumbling, see Kern,

Toevoegselen

p. 18 not contrary Ja.vi.297 (˚vattin, C. appaṭilomavattin, cp. Ja trsl^n.vi.143).

…of conceit; vaṅkātivaṅka crooked all over Ja.i.160

IV.

Semantically ati is closely related to abhi, so that in consequence…

adjective very crooked Ja.i.160 (vankâtivankin crooked all over; cp. ati iii.).

ati + vankin

adjective not hesitating, not wavering, not doubting Ja.iv.310 (= anosakkamāna C.; Kern takes it at this passage as a + vikalpamāna, see

Toevoegselen

s.v., but unnecessarily), Ja.vi.176 (= nirāsa …

…full Ja.vi.366.

• -pallaṅka half a divan Vin.ii.280.
• -bhāga half a share, one half Vv.13#6 (=…

1. (lit.) a constituent part of the body, a limb, member; also of objects: part, member (see cpd. ˚sambhāra); uttam˚aṅga the reproductive organ Ja.v.197; also as “head” at Thag-a.209. Usually in cp …

to mark out, brand Ja.i.451 (lakkhaṇena); Ja.ii.399
pp aṅkita, q.v.

Denom. fr. anka¹

shoot, a sprout (lit. or fig.) Ja.ii.105; Ja.vi.331 (Buddh ˚a nascent Buddha), Ja.vi.486; Dhs.617 (˚vaṇṇa); Mil.50, Mil.251 Mil.269; Sdhp.273; Mhvs.15, Mhvs.43.

cp. Sk. ankura, to anka a bend = a tendril etc.

hook, a pole with a hook, used

1. for plucking fruit off trees, a crook Ja.i.9 (˚pacchi hook & basket); Ja.v.89 = Ja.vi.520 (pacchikhanitti˚), Ja.vi.529 (= phalānaṃ gaṇhanatthaṃ ankusaṃ)
2. to drive …

1. a crook for plucking fruit Ja.iii.22.
2. an elephant-driver’s hook Ja.iii.431.

• -yattha a crooked stick, alpenstock, staff (of an ascetic Ja.ii.68 (+ pacchi).

see anka<sup …

…of the four hoofs).

• -vaṅka with eight facets, lit. eight-crooked i.e. polished on eight sides, of a jewel Ja.vi.388. *…

…a fruit Ja.ii.104.

• -kaṅkala [Sk. ˚kankāla] a skeleton MN.i.364; cp. ˚sankhalika.
• -kadali a…

…also in cpd. bal’aṅkapāda having crow’s feet, i.e. spreading feet (perhaps for balāka˚?) Ja.vi.548 (C. explains by…

to adorn, embellish, beautify. Only in pp. bhūsita adorned with (-˚) Pv.ii.9#52, Pv.ii.12#7; Pv.iii.3#5; Ja.vi.53. Cp. vi˚.

Caus. of bhūṣ, to be busy; in meaning “to adorn” et …

sour gruel Ja.vi.365 (= kañjiya); usually in stock phrase kaṇājaka bilaṅga-dutiya (seed-cake?) accompanied by sour gruel Vin.ii.77, Vin.ii.78; SN.i.90; AN.i.145; AN.iv.392; Ja.i.228; Ja.iii.299; S …

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

at Mil.197 (ūmikavankacadika) prob. for ˚madika.

pool at the entrance of a village (usually, but not necessarily dirty: see Vin.ii.122 & cp. candanapanka Avs.i.221, see also PW sub candana²) SN.v.361; MN.i.11, MN.i.73, MN.i.448; AN.i.161; …

adjective moving to & fro, trembling, unsteady Ja.iv.498 (= calācala) Sdhp.317, Sdhp.598.

Intens. of cal = car, to move, with n instead of r in reduplication, cp. Sk. cañcūryate = carcarīti cañcala …

1. walking up & down SN.iv.104
2. the place where one is walking, esp. a terraced walk, cloister Vin.i.15 Vin.i.182; Vin.ii.220; DN.i.105; SN.i.212; AN.i.114; AN.i.183; AN.iii.29 AN.iv.87; Ja.i.17; Ja …

1. walking up & down SN.ii.282; Dhp-a.i.10.
2. a cloister walk (= cankama Vv-a.188. Usually ˚-
   ■ Vin.i.139 (˚sālā); Ja.iii.85 Ja.iv.329; Pv-a.79 (˚koṭi the far end of the cloister).

fr. cankamati

to walk about, to walk up & down Vin.i.15 Vin.i.182; Vin.ii.193, Vin.ii.220; Vin.iv.18; SN.i.107, SN.i.212; Pv-a.105
caus cankamāpeti Ja.iii.9.

Intens. of kamati, to kram = Sk. cankramīti; cp. kamati

adjective one who has the habit of walking about Mil.216 (ṭhāna˚ standing & walking).

fr. cankama

voluntary collection (of alms for the Sangha), usually as -ṃ saṃharati to make a vol. coll. Vin.iv.250; Ja.i.422; Ja.ii.45, Ja.ii.85 (saṃharitvā variant reading BB; text sankaḍḍhitvā), Ja.ii.196, J …

Citta¹ & Citra

adjective variegated, manifold, beautiful; tasty, sweet, spiced (of cakes), Ja.iv.30 (geṇḍuka); Dhp.171 (rājaratha); Vv.47#9; Pv.ii.11#2 (aneka˚); Pv.iv.3#13 (pūvā = madhurā …

chowrie, the tail of bos grunniens used as a whisk Snp.688; Vv.64#3; Ja.vi.510; Vv-a.271, Vv-a.276. Cpd. cāmarī-gāhaka Ja.vi.218 (anka) a hook holding the whisk.

from camara

practice, proceeding, manner of acting, conduct Ja.i.90, Ja.i.367; Ja.ii.277 (loka˚); Ja.v.285 (vanka˚); Mil.133; Vv-a.31
■ cārittaṃ āpajjati to mix with, to call on, to have intercourse with (c. …

…Ja.i.9 Dhp-a.iii.342

• -saṅkamanīya neuter a robe that ought to be handed over (to its legal owner) Vin.iv.282 Vin.iv.283

*Sk. cīvara,…

Danta¹

a tooth, a tusk, fang, esp. an elephant’s tusk; ivory Vin.ii.117 (nāga-d. a pin of ivory); Kp ii. (as one of the taca-pañcaka, or 5 dermatic constituents of the body, viz. kesā, l …

Dhamma¹

masculine & rarely neuter constitution etc.

A. Definitions by Commentators

Bdhgh gives a fourfold meaning of the word dhamma (at DN-a.i.99; Dhp-a.i.22), viz. 1 guṇe ( …

crow SN.i.207; SN.ii.258; Snp.271 = Cnd.420; Ja.ii.208; Ja.v.107, Ja.v.270; Ja.vi.452; Pv.iii.5#2 (= kāka Pv-a.198); Vv-a.334.

Sk. dhvānkṣa, cp. also dhunkṣā

adjective noun (adj.) holding, containing (-˚) MN.i.11 (ahi kaṇṭaka˚; cp ādhāna & kaṇṭaka)
■ (n.) nt. a receptacle Dhp.58 (sankāra˚ dust-heap = ṭhāna Dhp-a.i.445). f. dhānī a seat (= ṭhāna), in …

…Dhp.327; Pv.ii.7#8. dugge saṅkamanāni passages over difficult roads, usually combined with papā (water-shed) SN.i.100;…

the throat Ja.i.216, Ja.i.264 Ja.iii.26; Ja.iv.494; Ja.i.194 (a dewlap); Pv-a.11, Pv-a.104.

• -agga the top of the throat Sdhp.379;
• -ajjhoharaniya able to be swallowed (of s …

adjective = gatika

1. going, i.e. having a certain course: sabbā nadī vankagatī “every river flows crooked” Ja.i.289.
2. having a certain gati, fated destined, esp. in su˚ & dug˚: samparāye suggatī g …

only in vanka˚ having eaten or swallowed the hook (cp. grasta-vanka) DN.ii.266 (v-g˚ va ambujo); Ja.vi.113.

pp. of ghasati = Sk. grasta

1. (m.) a vulture. Classed with kāka, crow & kulala, hawk MN.i.88; (kākā +), MN.i.364 (in simile, with kankā & kulatā), MN.i.429 (do.); Snp.201 (kākā +); Pv-a.198 (+ kulalā). It occurs also in the …

…(nārī) Ja.iii.395

• -vaṅka (gopānasi˚) as crooked as a rafter (of old people cp. BSk. gopānasī-vakra…

Goṇa¹

an ox, a bullock SN.iv.195 sq.; Ja.i.194 Ja.iv.67; Pv.i.8#2; Pv-a.39, Pv-a.40; Vv-a.63 (for ploughing) DN-a.i.163; Dhp-a.iii.60. -sira wild ox Ja.vi.538(= araññagoṇaka).

The …

…w. a goṇaka-cover AN.i.137 AN.iii.50 = AN.iv.394; cp. AN.iv.94, AN.iv.231 (always of a pallaṅka) See also goṇa².

Sk. BSk….

1. hand DN.i.124; AN.i.47; Snp.610; Ja.vi.40
   ■ forearm Vin.iv.221; of animals SN.v.148; Ja.i.149; -pāda hand and foot MN.i.523; AN.i.47; Ja.ii.117; Pv-a.241; Dhp-a.iv.7. sahassa˚; thousand …

an elephant Vin.i.218, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.194 sq (Nālāgiri) = Ja.v.335 (nom. sg. hatthī; gen. hatthissa) DN.i.5; AN.ii.209; Ja.i.358; Ja.ii.102; Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hat …

adjective (-˚) connected with a cause, causing or caused, conditioned by, consisting in Mhvs.1, Mhvs.45 (maṇi-pallanka˚); Dhs.1009 (pahātabba˚); Vb-a.17 (du˚, ti˚). usually as sa˚; and a˚; (wit …

A. On term

Indriya is one of the most comprehensive & important categories of Buddhist psychological philosophy & ethics meaning “controlling principle, directive force, élan, δύναμις” in t …

Iti (ti)

indeclinable emphatic deictic particle “thus”. Occurs in both forms iti & ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of “iti” is …

leech Mil.407 (variant reading jalopikā).

Sk. *jalūkikā = jalūkā & (pop. etym.) jalankā (sprung fr. water), borrowed fr. Npers. ƶalū (?Uhlenbeck); cp. Gr. βδέλλα leech, Celt. gel; perhaps to gal i …

…phrase -ṃ anucaṅkamati anuvicarati DN.i.235; MN.i.108 Snp.p.105, Snp.p.115; or ˚ṃ carati Pv-a.73
■ AN.i.136; Ja.ii.272;…

adjective crooked, oblique, slant, fig. dishonest, false (cp. vanka, opp. uju | MN.i.31 (+ vanka) AN.v.289, AN.v.290; Ja.i.290 (spelled jima); Ja.iii.111 = Ja.v.222 Ja.vi.66; Vism.219 (ajimha = uju); …

crookedness, deceit (opp. ujutā) Dhs.50, Dhs.51 (+ vankatā); Vb.359.

n. abstr. to jimha

Kadalī¹

feminine

1. the plantain, Musa sapientium. Owing to the softness and unsubstantiality of its trunk it is used as a frequent symbol of unsubstantiality transitoriness and worthless …

mud, mire, filth Cnd.374 (= panka); Ja.i.100; Ja.iii.220 (written kadamo in verse and kaddemo in gloss); Ja.vi.240, Ja.vi.390; Pv-a.189 (= panka), Pv-a.215; compared with moral impurities Ja.iii.290 …

kind of gem Mil.118 (vajira k. phussarāga lohitanka).

Kakka¹

a sediment deposited by oily substances, when ground; a paste Vin.i.205 (tila˚), Vin.i.255. Three kinds enumerated at Ja.vi.232: sāsapa˚ (mustard-paste), mattika˚ (fragrant earth- …

crab SN.i.123; MN.i.234; Ja.i.222; Vv.54#6 (Vv-a.243, Vv-a.245); Dhp-a.iii.299 (mama… kakkaṭakassa viya akkhīni nikkhamimsu, as a sign of being in love). Cp. kakkhaḷa.

• -nala a kind of sea-re …

(BB ḷ)

1. a log, a piece of wood MN.i.449, MN.i.451; SN.ii.268; Dhp-a.iii.315; often in sense of something useless, or a trifle (combined with kaṭṭha q.v.) Dhp.41; Dhp-a.i.321 (= kaṭṭhakhaṇḍa, a ch …

…speech Ja.ii.64;

• -sampavaṅka a good companion AN.iv.357 (in phrase k˚-mitta k˚-sahāya k˚- s˚); Pp.37 *…

to walk

I. lit.

1. c. loc. to walk, travel, go through: dibbe pathe Snp.176; ariye pathe SN.i.33; ākāse DN.i.212 = MN.i.69 = AN.iii.17.
2. c. acc. to go or get to, to enter MN.ii.18; Ja.vi.1 …

1. a conch, a shell: saṇha-kambu-r-iva… sobhate su gīvā Thig.262 (for kampurī’va); s compounds
2. a ring or bracelet (made of shells or perhaps gold: see Kern. Toev. s. v.) Ja.iv.18, Ja.iv.466 (\ …

1. variegated, spotted, blemished Ja.v.69 (˚vaṇṇa), said of the spotted appearance of leprosy
   ■ fig. inconsistent, varying AN.ii.187.
2. (nt. inconsistency, blemish, blot AN.iv.55; Vism.51
   ■ …

…cp. Mil.141. Cp. saṅkappa.

-ātīta one who has gone beyond time, an Arahant Snp.373. -āvasesaṃ (acc.)…

adverb dubit. interr. part.

1. how; with ind. pres. Pv-a.6 (k. puriso paṭilabhati), or with fut. & cond. Ja.i.222; Ja.ii.159 (k. tattha gamissāmi); Ja.vi.500; Pv-a.54 (na dassāmi)
2. why, for what …

adjective (only˚-) -daṇḍa a walking-stick or staff (of an ascetic) Vin.i.188 Vin.ii.76 = Vin.ii.208 sq.; Vin.iii.160; Ja.i.9; Ja.v.132; Ja.vi.52, Ja.vi.56, Ja.vi.520 Vism.91, Vism.125, Vism.181. …

…g. dish Ja.v.377.

• -pallaṅka a gilt palanquin Ja.i.204.
• -bubbula a gilt ornament in form of a…

heron MN.i.364, MN.i.429; Ja.v.475.

• -patta a heron’s plume Ja.v.475.

Sk. kanka, to sound-root kn̊, cp. kinkiṇī & see note on gala

skeleton; only in cpd. atthi˚ Aṭṭhikankal’ ūpamā kāmā Vin.ii.25; MN.i.130, MN.i.364; Ja.v.210; Thag.1150 (˚kuṭika): aṭṭhikankalasannibha Thig.488 (= Thag-a.287; cp. Morris, J.P.T.S. 1885, 75) aṭṭhi …

elephant’s trappings Vv-a.104 (= kappa).

= kaṃ or kiṃ + kṛta, to kiṇi, “the tinklings”

bracelet, ornament for the wrist Thig.259 (= Thag-a.211).

to same root as kanka

porridge of broken rice, eaten together with sour gruel (bilanga-dutiya; always in this combination except at Ja.v.230) Vin.ii.77 (cp. Vin. Texts iii.9) SN.i.90, SN.i.91; AN.i.145; AN.iv.392; Ja.i. …

1. a corner, an angle Vin.i.48, Vin.i.286; Ja.i.73; Ja.iii.42 Ja.v.38; Ja.vi.519; Pv-a.74; Dhp-a.ii.178; Dāvs ii.111- cīvara˚; the edge of the garment Vism.389. Freq. in cpd. catu˚; (catukkaṇṇa …

in -pāda at Ja.vi.3 should probably be read kalanka˚ (q.v.).

only applied to a horse shaking, a shaker, racer (esp. as java AN.i.287), fig. of purisa at Anguttara passages. Described as bold and hard to manage AN.iv.190 sq.; as a horse which cannot be trusted a …

I. Crude meaning

bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.

1. Esp. used
   1. of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …

1. as nt. subst. what? sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇaṃ what is the obstruction? Snp.1032; kiṃ tava patthanāya what is it about your wish, i.e. what good is your wish? Vv-a.226; kim idaṃ this is what, that is …

the end—

1. of space: the extreme part, top, summit, point (cp. anta to which it is opposed at Ja.vi.371): dhanu-koṭiṃ nissāya “through the (curved) end of my bow,” i.e. by means …

1. bad doing, misconduct, bad character. Def. kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ tassa bhāvo kukkuccaṃ Vism.470 & Bdhd 24
   ■ Various explanations in Nd ii.on Snp.1106 = Dhs.1160, in its literal sense it is b …

(nt.; but poetic pl. kulā Pv.ii.9#43)

1. clan a high social grade, “good family,” cp. Gr. (doric) φυά, Goth. kuni. A collection of cognates and agnates, in sense of Ohg. sippa, clan; “house” in sense …

pādaka “buttresses of timber” (Vin. Texts iii.174) Vin.ii.152 (cp. Bdhgh. p. 321 and also Morris J.P.T.S. 1884, 78).

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

1. the kusa grass (Poa cynosuroides) Dhp-a.iii.484: tikhiṇadhāraṃ tiṇaṃ antamaso tālapaṇṇam pi; Dhp.311; Ja.i.190 (= tiṇa); Ja.iv.140.
2. a blade of grass used as a mark or a lot: pātite kuse “when t …

the crow; freq. in similes: SN.i.124; Snp.448; Ja.i.164. Its thievish ways are described at Dhp-a.iii.352; said to have ten bad qualities AN.v.149; Ja.i.342; Ja.iii.126; kākā vā kulalā vā Vin.iv.40 …

…Pv.i.12#1. Also as kālaṅkata Pv.ii.7#9; Vv.80#9; Vism.296

• -kiriyā death (often combined…

…-paṅka the mire of lusts Snp.945; Thig.354; Ja.v.186, Ja.v.256; Ja.vi.230 Ja.vi.505; Mhbv.3;…

…˚muduta, same loci;

• -vaṅka crookedness of action AN.i.112;
• -vikāra change of position of the…

Kāyūra & Kāyura

1. an ornamental bracket or ring worn on the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92; Pv.i …

Kāyūra & Kāyura

1. an ornamental bracket or ring worn on the upper arm (bāh’âlankāra Pv; bhuj˚ Vv) or neck (gīvāya pilandhana Ja.iii.437); a bracelet or necklace Vin.ii.106; Ja.iii.437; Ja.iv.92; Pv.i …

…Pv.i.12#1. Also as kālaṅkata Pv.ii.7#9; Vv.80#9; Vism.296

• -kiriyā death (often combined…

Kūṭa¹

neuter a trap, a snare; fig. falsehood, deceit. As trap Ja.i.143 (kūṭapāsādi); Ja.iv.416 (explⁿ paṭicchannapāsa). As deceit, cheating in formula tulā˚ kaṃsa māna˚ “cheatin …

…of grammarians syn with aṅka brand, e.g. Dhtp.536 “anka lakkhaṇe lakkha dassane,” or Dhtm.748 “lakkha =…

sail Ja.ii.112; Mil.378; Dāvs iv.42; Vism.137 (variant reading BB. lankāra).

for alankāra, lit. “fitting up,” cp. Hindī & Marāthī langara, Tamil ilankaran “in meaning anchor.”

small particle, a drop Vv-a.253 (lavanka a small mark); Sdhp.105 (˚odaka).

fr. lū

in dīpa˚; stands as equivalent of dīpavaṃsa thus “story of the island” Dpvs.18, 2 Oldenberg (translation p. 204) translates “the island of Lankā.”

see lañcaka

see lakāra.

ruby AN.iv.199, AN.iv.203; Tha-ap.2; Vv.36#3; Vv-a.304. See masāragalla for further refs. Note. The word is not found in Vedic and Class. Sk. a later term for “ruby” is *[ …

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

1. a road (usually high road), way, foot-path Vism.708 (maggaṃ agata-pubba-purisa, simile of); Vb-a.256 (tiyojana˚, simile of a man travelling); Dhp-a.i.229- addhāna˚; high road Vin.iv.62; MN. …

of pers. pron. ahaṃ (q.v.) used quasi independently (as substitute for our “self-”) in phrase mama-y-idaṃ Snp.806 thought of “this is mine,” cp SN.i.14, i.e. egoism, belief in a …

selfish attachment, self-interest, selfishness Pv-a.230 In canonic books only in combination with ahaṅkāra mān’ ānusaya; (belief in an ego and bias of conceit) e.g. at MN.iii.18, MN.iii.32; SN.iii …

treating with tenderness, solicitude, fondness Ja.v.331.

fr. mamaṃ + kṛ.

self-love, self-interest, egoism MN.i.486; MN.iii.32 (at both places also ahiṅkāra for ahaṅkāra).

for maman˚, cp. Geiger, P.Gr. § 19

…always stands next to lohitaṅka. The same combination (with lohit.) is found at Vv.36#3; Vv.78#3 = Vv.81#3 Vv.84#15.

cp….

is given as root maṅk (aor. maki) at Dhtm.13, in meaning maṇḍana, i.e. adornment. It is meant to be an explⁿ of mankato?

adverb on my account, for me Mil.384.

for Sk. mat-kṛte, Cp. E. Müller, P.Gr. 12

…gems Snp-a.358.

• -pallaṅka a jewelled pallanquin Dhp-a.i.274.
• -bandha (place for) binding the…

…DN.iii.264; Vism.426); -saṅkappa aspiration (DN.iii.254, DN.iii.287, DN.iii.290 sq., Dhp.11); -vācā speech (ibid.); -kammanta conduct…

1. pride, conceit, arrogance (cittassa uṇṇati Mnd.80; Vb.350). Māna is one of the Saññojanas It is one of the principal obstacles to Arahantship A detailed analysis of māna in tenfold aspect is give …

…AN.ii.252; Iti.82;

• -saṅkappa = prec. SN.ii.152; AN.iii.146 Vb.104, Vb.235;
• -sita based or bent…

adjective not crooked, straight Dhp-a.i.288.

nis + vanka

adjective fearless, not hesitating, undaunted Snp-a.61.

nis + visanka, Sk. viśankā

I. Etymology

Although nir + vā “to blow”. (cp. BSk. nirvāṇa) is already in use in the Vedic period (see nibbāpeti), we do not find its distinctive ap …

adjective not afraid, fearless, not doubting confident, sure Ja.i.58. Cp. nissaṃsaya.

Sk. niḥśanka, nis + kankha, adj. of kankhā, cp. kankhin

fearlessness, state of confidence, trust (cp. nibbicikicchā) SN.v.221.

Sk. niḥśankā, nis + kankhā

adjective noun one who marks cattle, i.e. one who castrates or deprives of virility Ja.iv.364 (spelt tilañchaka in text, but right in variant reading), explained as “tisūlâdi- …

adjective noun one who marks cattle, i.e. one who castrates or deprives of virility Ja.iv.364 (spelt tilañchaka in text, but right in variant reading), explained as “tisūlâdi- …

to lie down (to sleep) DN.i.246; AN.iv.332; Ja.i.150; Dhp-a.i.40; Pv-a.280; aor nipajji Ja.i.279; Ja.ii.154; Ja.iii.83; Vv-a.75, Vv-a.76; Pv-a.74, Pv-a.75 Pv-a.93; ger. *[n …

Niraṅkaroti & nirākaroti

to think little of, despise, neglect, disregard, repudiate throw away, ruin, destroy Thag.478; Iti.83 (nirākare)…

Nirākaroti

see nirankaroti.

Niraṅkaroti & nirākaroti

to think little of, despise, neglect, disregard, repudiate throw away, ruin, destroy Thag.478; Iti.83 (nirākare)…

adjective without apprehension, unsuspicious, not doubting Ja.i.264; Vism.180.

nis + āsankā

the not hesitating Ja.vi.337.

abstr. fr. nirāsanka

adjective healthy Mil.251 (of paddy).

nis + ātanka

sitting down, opportunity for sitting, seat Pv.iv.1#2 (seyyā +); Ja.i.217; Pv-a.24 (˚ādipaṭikkhepa-ṭṭhāna), Pv-a.219 (pallankâbhujanādi-lakkhaṇā nisajjā). Cp. nesajjika.

Sk. *niṣadyā of ni sad

(nt. m.) diversity, variety, manifoldness, multiformity, distraction; all sorts of (opp. ekatta, cp. MN.i.364: “the multiformity of sensuous impressions,” M.A.). Enumⁿ of diversity as nānat …

to descend, to go down to (c. acc.), to be-take oneself to. ppr. otaranto Vin.ii.221
aor otari Snp-a.486 (for avaṃsari); Dhp-a.i.19 (cankamanaṃ) Pv-a.47 (nāvāya mahāsamuddaṃ), Pv-a.75
inf * …

one who makes light, one who lights up, light-bringer (often as epithet of the Buddha) SN.i.51 (quoted at Vv-a.116), SN.i.210; AN.ii.51 sq.; Iti.80; Ja.iii.128; Snp.991, Snp.1136 (= ālokakara obhāsa …

Pakkaṭhita (pakkuthita)

cooked up, boiled, boiling hot, hot Thūpavaṃsa 48³³; Ja.v.268 (pakaṭṭh˚ vv.ll. pakkudh & jakankaṭhi); Ja.vi.112 (˚kaṭṭh˚), Ja.vi.114 (id.; variant reading BB ˚kuṭhi …

Pakkha¹

1. side of the body, flank wing, feathers (cp. pakkhin), in compounds -biḷāla a flying fox (sort of bat) Bdhgh on ulūka-camma at Vin.i.186 (MV. Vin.v.2, 4; cp. Vin. Texts ii.1 …

Pakkaṭhita (pakkuthita)

cooked up, boiled, boiling hot, hot Thūpavaṃsa 48³³; Ja.v.268 (pakaṭṭh˚ vv.ll. pakkudh & jakankaṭhi); Ja.vi.112 (˚kaṭṭh˚), Ja.vi.114 (id.; variant reading BB ˚kuṭhi …

to bite all round, to gnaw or peck off MN.i.364 (kukkuro aṭṭhikankalaṃ p.).

pali + khādati

fr. sloppiness, mud, marsh MN.i.45; Thag.89; Thag.2, Thag.291 (= panka Thag-a.224); Ja.iii.241 (read palipo cp. C. = mahākaddamo ibid.) = Ja.iv.480.

pa + lip

…SN.i.144; and in phrase pallaṅkaṃ ābhujati “to bend (the legs) in crosswise” DN.i.71; MN.i.56; AN.iii.320; Ja.i.17, Ja.i.71; Pts.i.176;…

…see paraṅkata
■ kamma service of others, -kārin serving others Vv.33#22. -kāra see below under…

adjective highest, most excellent, superior, best paraphrased by agga seṭṭha visiṭṭha at Cnd.502 A Mnd.84, Mnd.102 (the latter reading viseṭṭha for visiṭṭha); by uttama at Dhp-a …

Pari˚

indeclinable prefix, signifying (lit. around, round about; (fig.) all round, i.e. completely altogether. The use as prep. (with acc. = against, w abl. = from) has entirely disappeared in Pāli …

adjective noun

1. surrounding or surrounded, having on one’s hands Ja.ii.190 (sukha˚, variant reading for ˚parihaṭa).
2. an armlet, bracelet Vv-a.167 (variant reading ˚haraṇa; explained as *hatthāla …

“all that belongs to anything,” make-up, adornment (so Cnd.585 bāhirā p. of the body)

1. requisite, accessory equipment, utensil, apparatus Vin.i.50, Vin.i.296 (˚colaka cloth required for water-str …

adjective

1. (quite) full, fulfilled, complete, finished, satisfied MN.i.200 (˚sankappa), MN.iii.276; SN.ii.283; SN.iv.104; SN.v.315; Pts.i.172 (= pariggah’ aṭṭhena parivār’ aṭṭhena, paripūr’ aṭṭhe …

…Ja.iii.541; Dhp-a.i.81
pp -saṅkita (q.v.). Cp. āsaṅkati.

pari + sankati

suspecting or suspected, having apprehensions, fearing Vin.ii.243 (diṭṭha-suta˚) AN.iii.128; Ja.iv.214; Ja.v.80; Mil.372; Dhp-a.i.223 (āsankita˚)
■ Cp. āsaṅkita & ussaṅkita.

pp. of parisankati

suspicion, misgiving. Vin.iv.314 DN.iii.218 cp. āsaṅkā

fr. pari + śaṅk

1. all that belongs to a castle, a mansion and its constituents Vv.84#53 (explained at Vv-a.351 as follows: veṇiyato pekkhitabbato pariveṇaṃ pāsāda-kūtâgāra-ratti-ṭṭhān’ ādisampannaṃ pākāraparikkh …

1. finished, concluded, satisfied, DN.ii.224; MN.i.12 (paripuṇṇa +).
2. [pp. of pari + ava + śri, cp. ajjhosita] fixed on, bent on Mil.140 (˚sankappa).

pp. of pari + ava + sā

touched, grasped, usually in bad sense: succumbing to, defiled, corrupted DN.i.17 for a different, commentarial interpretation see Parāmāsa (evaṃ˚ so acquired or taken up; cp. DN-a.i.107 nirāsanka\ …

to go out or forth to (acc.) Sdhp.277
pp pasaṅkanta.

pa + saṃ + kram

gone out to, gone forth Pv-a.22.

pp. of pa + sankamati, of kram

restrained, composed, purified, pure DN.i.103 (= abhiharitvā dinna); AN.iii.313; Thag.348, Thag.359 (˚atta); Iti.101 (˚pāṇin) = Mil.215; Snp.240 (= sakkāra-karaṇena p. alankata Snp-a.284); Vism.224 …

1. “to sit close round,” i.e. to attend on (acc.), to honour, pay homage, worship DN.i.47; DN.ii.257; MN.ii.117, SN.i.146; AN.i.124, AN.i.126, AN.i.142; AN.iv.337; Dhp.64 Dhp.65; Thag.1236; Ja.vi.222 …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

mud mire; defilement, impurity SN.i.35, SN.i.60; SN.iii.118; AN.iii.311 AN.iv.289; Snp.970 (˚danta rajassira with dirt between their teeth and dust on their heads, from travelling); AN.iii.236 (id.); …

Paṭimutta & ˚ka

(adj.) in sup˚ well purified, cleansed, pure Ja.iv.18 (˚kambu = paṭimutta-suvaṇṇ’ ālankāra C.); Ja.v.400; Pv.iv.1#33 (˚ka-suṭṭhu paṭimuttabhāṇin Pv-a.230).

pp. of paṭimuñcati, cp. paṭimukka

Paṭimutta & ˚ka

(adj.) in sup˚ well purified, cleansed, pure Ja.iv.18 (˚kambu = paṭimutta-suvaṇṇ’ ālankāra C.); Ja.v.400; Pv.iv.1#33 (˚ka-suṭṭhu paṭimuttabhāṇin Pv-a.230).

pp. of paṭimuñcati, cp. paṭimukka

prepared, got ready, made, dressed Vin.iv.18 (alankata˚); Ja.iv.380 (C. for pakata) Pv-a.25 (C. for upaṭṭhita), Pv-a.75 (alankata˚), Pv-a.135 (id.), Pv-a.232 (id.), Pv-a.279 (id.); Kp-a.118 (ala …

subtraction (opp. sankalana) DN-a.i.95. The word is not clear (cp. Dial. i.22).

paṭa (?) + upp˚

Piṭṭha¹

neuter what is ground, grindings, crushed seeds, flour. Vin.i.201, Vin.i.203; Vin.iv.261 Vin.iv.341 (tila˚ = piññāka); Ja.ii.244 (māsa˚). As piṭṭhi at Ja.i.347. …

…Vb.369, Vb.371.

• -saṅkappa evil thought Snp.280.
• -sīla bad morals Snp.246. *…

(& der.) “petting (or spoiling) the children” (Mil trsl. ii.287) but perhaps more likely “fondness of being petted” or “nurture (as Vism trsl. 32) (being carried about like on the lap or the back …

“sedan chair” (?) in phrase sivikaṃ pāṭaṅkiṃ at Vin.i.192 (MV Vin.v.10, 3) is not clear. The vv. ll (p. 380) are pāṭangin, pāṭangan pāṭakan. Perhaps pallankaṃ?

(-˚) adjective noun hoping for, one who expects or desires DN.i.4; MN.iii.33; AN.ii.209; Ja.iii.409.

fr. paṭi + kāṅka, cp. patikankhin

Pīta¹

1. having drunk or (pred.) being drunk (as liquid) SN.i.212 (madhu˚); Ja.i.198; Pv-a.25 (with asita, khāyita & sāyita as fourfold food).
2. soaked or saturated with (-˚), in *kasāya …

(rajas) & Raja neuter

1. Forms.
   ■ Both rajo & rajaṃ occur as noun & acc. sg., e.g. rajo at DN.ii.19; Snp.207, Snp.334; Dhs.617; rajaṃ at Snp.275; Iti.83; once (in verse) *[rajo](/define/rajo …

…health: see sep.

• -ātaṅka affliction by illness AN.ii.174 sq.; AN.v.169, AN.v.318 *…

…the truth Pts.ii.57.

• -vaṅka a certain kind of fish Ja.v.405 (the Copenhagen MS. has (sa)sacca-vanka which has been given…

an arrow, dart MN.i.429 (˚ṃ āharati to remove the a); MN.ii.216; SN.iv.206; Ja.i.180 Ja.v.49; Snp.331, Snp.767; Mil.112; Vism.503 (visa˚ sting of poison; cp. Vb-a.104 sallaṃ viya vitujjati); often me …

to decorate, adorn Mhvs.7, Mhvs.56; ˚kata pp. Dāvs v.36: ˚karitvā Ja.vi.577.

saṃ + alankaroti

…MN.i.42; AN.ii.89 -saṅkappa right resolve, right intention Dhp.12; Vin.i.10; Dhs.21, Dhs.298; definition DN.ii.312;…

1. put together, joined Ja.vi.261 (su˚).
2. connected with, covered with Mnd.149 (for pareta); Mil.346 (raja-panka˚).

pp. of samodahati

adjective intimate, friend DN.ii.78; SN.i.83, SN.i.87; Pp.36.

perhaps saṃ + pari + anka², contracted to *payyanka → *pavanka

connection, friendliness, intimacy SN.i.87; AN.iii.422 (pāpa˚ & kalyāṇa˚); AN.iv.283 sq.; AN.v.24, AN.v.199; Dhs.1326; Pp.20, Pp.24; Dhs-a.394. Cp anu˚ Vin.ii.88.

fr. last

1. union, junction Mil.330 (of 2 roads); Bdhgh on SN.ii.270 (between 2 houses).
2. breach, break, hole, chasm DN.ii.83 = AN.v.195; Thag.786; Ja.v.459. āloka˚; a window Vin.ii.172; sandhiṃ chindati …

…AN.ii.21; DN-a.i.106. -saṅkappa mindfulness and aspiration MN.i.453; MN.iii.132; SN.iv.76, SN.iv.137, SN.iv.190; Ne.16.

fr….

…Ja.iv.263 sq.

• -pallaṅka “antelope-couch,” a high seat, from which the Bodhisat preaches Ja.iii.342 (cp….

…all pass, satta˚)

• -vaṅka a kind of fish Abhp.672.
• -vallikā an under-garment arranged like a…

sort of fish Ja.v.405. Cp. satavanka & saccavanka.

of clothing, belt, waist-cloth Vin.ii.272; Vin.iv.345. The C. explⁿ is incorrect

fr. sankacchā

of a woman’s dress, bodice, girdle (?) Ja.v.96 (suvaṇṇa˚).

saṃ + kacchā¹

inciting words, quarrel Ja.v.393.

saṃ + kalaha

addition DN-a.i.95; MN-a.i.2.

fr. saṃ + kal to produce

passage, bridge MN.i.439; Vin.iii.127; Ja.iii.373 (attānaṃ ˚ṃ katvā yo sotthiṃ samatārayi); Mil.91, Mil.229.

fr. saṃ + kram

lit. “going over,” i e. step; hence “bridge,” passage, path SN.i.110; Vv.52#22 Vv.77#5; Pv.ii.7#8; Pv.ii.9#25; Ja.vi.120 (papā˚). Cp. upa˚.

fr. sankamati

…to one Vin.iv.282

pp saṅkanta
caus saṅkāmeti 1 to pass over, to cause to go, to move, to shift Vin.iii.49…

to tremble, shake Vin.i.12; DN.ii.12, DN.ii.108; Ja.i.25
caus saṅkampeti id. DN.ii.108.

saṃ + kampati

gone together with (-˚), gone over to, joined Vin.i.60; Vin.iv.217.

pp. of sankamati

to cut all round, MN.iii.275.

saṃ + kantati

transition, passage Kv.569; Vism.374 sq.

fr. sankamati

school of thought (lit. gone over to a faction), a subdivision of the Sabbatthivādins SN.v.14; Vism.374 sq.; Mhvs.5, Mhvs.6; Dpvs.5, 48; Mhbv.97.

fr. sankanta

thought, intention, purpose, plan DN.iii.215; SN.ii.143 sq.; AN.i.281 AN.ii.36; Dhp.74; Snp.154, Snp.1144; Mnd.616 (= vitakka ñāṇa paññā buddhi); Dhs.21; Dhp-a.ii.78. As equivalent of *[vitakka](/def …

1. to imagine; wish AN.ii.36; MN.i.402; Pp.19.
2. to determine, to think about, strive after Ja.iii.449 sq.

Den. fr. sankappa

Saṅkara¹

(fight, confusion) wrongly for saṅgara Ne.149, in quot. fr….

adjective doubtful; wicked Vin.ii.236 (cp. Vin. Texts iii.300); SN.i.49 = Dhp.312 (explained as “sankāhi saritabba, āsankāhi sarita ussankita, parisankita” Dhp-a.iii.485, thus taken as sankā + *sṛ …

to become weak, to fail SN.i.202 SN.ii.277; SN.iv.178; AN.i.68.

fr. saṃ + kṛṣ, kasati? Or has it anything to do with kasāya?

to name, explain. Pass. saṅkathīyati Dhs-a.390.

saṃ + kathati

to doubt, hesitate, to be uncertain about pres. (med.) 1^st sg. saṅke SN.i.111; Ja.iii.253 (= āsankāmi C.); Ja.vi.312 (na sanke maraṇ’āgamāya); Pot. saṅketha Ja.ii.53 = Ja.v.85. Pass. *[ …

1. to collect MN.i.135; Ja.i.254; Ja.iv.224; Dhp.i.49; Pass. -khaḍḍiyati Vism.251 (ppr ˚iyamāna being collected, comprising).
2. to examine scrutinize Ja.vi.351 (cintetvā ˚kaḍḍhituṃ).

saṃ + kaḍḍhati

dust heap DN.ii.160; SN.ii.270; MN.i.334. Explained as “sankāra-ṭṭhāna” K.S. ii.203.

unexplained

chain Thig.509. aṭṭhi˚; a chain of bones, skeleton AN.iii.97. As -kaṅkalā at Thig.488.

cp. Sk. śṛnkhalā

adjective

1. apt to be suspected Iti.67.
2. anxious Ja.i.334.

grd. fr. śankati

adjective contrary; neg. a˚; Ja.vi.297 (= appaṭiloma C.).

cp. Sk. sankasuka crumbling up

doubt, uncertainty, fear (cp. visanka) Ja.vi.158; Dhp-a.iii.485.

fr. śaṅk: see sankati

to prepare, get ready, undertake Vin.i.137 (vass’āvāsaṃ); SN.iv.312.

fr. saṃ + kḷp

rubbish Vin.i.48; Vin.iv.265; Ja.i.315; Ja.ii.196.

• -kūṭa rubbish heap, dust heap MN.ii.7; Pp.33; Mil.365; Dhp-a.i.174. Cp. kacavara & kattara.;
• -cola a rag …

appearance; (-˚) having the appearance of, like, similar Ja.ii.150; Ja.v.71 Ja.v.155, Ja.v.370 (puñña˚ = sadisa C.); Bv.17, Bv.21; Mil.2.

saṃ + kāsa, of kāś, cp. okāsa

-ā (f.) explanation, illustration SN.v.430; Ne.5, Ne.8, Ne.38; Snp-a.445 (+ pakāsana).

fr. saṃ + kāś

to be uncertain about Vin.ii.274. Cp pari˚.

Denom. fr. sankā; Dhtp.4 defines saṅk as “sankāyaṃ”

adjective safe MN.i.117; Vv.18#7 (= sotthika Vv-a.95); Ja.vi.339 (in the shape of a svastika?); Pv.iv.3#3 (= sotthi-bhāva-vāha Pv-a.250). -ālaṅkāra a kind of auspicious mark Ja.vi.488.

either …

gold; (adj.) golden Mhvs.5, Mhvs.87; Vv.5#4, Vv.36#7.

• -ālaṅkāra with golden ornaments Ja.ii.48.
• -dhaja with golden flags Ja.ii.48.
• -bhiṅkāra a gold …

adjective dangerous, fearful, suspicious SN.iv.175 (opp. khema); Thig.343; Thag-a.241 Vism.107; Ja.i.154; Pv-a.13; Mil.351.

fr. sa³ + āsankā

…Dpvs.15, 26; Ja.ii.406; caṅkamana˚ head of the cloister Vism.121; saṅgāma˚; front of the battle Pp.69; Ja.i.387; megha˚; head of…

Ta˚

base of demonstr. pron. for nt., in oblique cases of m. & f., in demonstr. adv. of place & time (see also sa).

I. Cases: nom

sg. nt. tad (older) Vin.i.83; Snp.1052; Dh …

Takka¹

doubt; a doubtful view (often diṭṭhi, appl. like sammā˚, micchā-diṭṭhi), hair-splitting reasoning, sophistry (= itihītihaṃ Cnd.151). Opp. to takka (= micchā-sankappo Vb.86, Vb.35 …

Iti (ti)

indeclinable emphatic deictic particle “thus”. Occurs in both forms iti & ti, the former in higher style (poetry), the latter more familiar in conversational prose. The function of “iti” is …

greed, desire; (adj.) greedy. Epithet of a pāpabhikkhu AN.v.149 (Com. tintiṇaṃ vuccati taṇhā, tāya samannāgato āsankābahulo vā); Vb.351 (tintiṇaṃ tintiṇāyanā, etc. = loluppaṃ). Tintinati & Tintinayati;

…Cnd.282.

• -kathaṅkatha (adj.) having overcome doubt, free from doubt Snp.17, Snp.86, Snp.367;
• -vicikiccha = prec. Vin.i.16;…

to stand, etc.

I. Forms

pres ind. tiṭṭhati (Snp.333, Snp.434; Pv.i.5#1);
imper second tiṭṭha, 3rd tiṭṭhatu ppr. tiṭṭhaṃ, tiṭṭhanto, tiṭṭhamāna;
pot tiṭṭhe (Snp.918, Snp.968) & tiṭṭheyy …

an open place Ja.i.109.

ud + angaṇa¹; Kern unnecessarily changes it to uttankana “a place for digging for water” see

Toevoegselen

p. 96

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

Uju & Ujju

adjective straight direct; straightforward, honest, upright DN.iii.150 (T. ujja), DN.iii.352 (do.), DN.iii.422, DN.iii.550; Vv.18#7 (= sabba-jimha-vanka-kuṭilabhāv’âpagama-hetutāya u. …

going near, approach MN.ii.176; SN.v.67 = Iti.107; Pv-a.232.

fr. upasankamati

1. to go up to (with acc.), to approach come near; freq. in stock phrase “yena (Pokkharasādissa parivesanā) ten’ upasankami, upasankamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi”, e.g. Vin.i.270; DN.i.109; DN.ii.1, an …

this word is beset with difficulties, the phrase satt-ussada is applied in all kinds of meanings, evidently the result of an original application & meaning having become obliterated satt˚ is taken as …

Vakka¹

adjective crooked Ja.i.216.

Vedic vakra; the usual P. form is vanka

Vakka²

neuter the kidney Snp.195; Kp iii.; Mil.26; Dhs-a.140. In detail described as one of the 32 …

term for bird, poetically for sakuṇa Ja.i.216 (tesaṃ ubhosu passesu pakkhā vankā jātā ti vakkangā C.).

vakkaṃ + ga

wealth; only in compounds -deva the god of wealth, i.e. Kṛṣṇa (Kaṇha) Mil.191 (as ˚devā followers of K.); Ja.v.326 (here in T. as ādicco vāsudevo pabhankaro, explained in C. as vasudevo vasujotan …

…see etym. under vaṅka
■ The Dhtp distinguishes two roots vañc, viz. “gamane” (46) and “palambhane” (543), thus giving…

at Ja.vi.90 is not clear (in phrase jaṭaṃ vaḷīnaṃ pankagataṃ). The C. reads valinaṃ, paraphrased by ākulaṃ. Fausböll suggests malinaṃ. Should we accept reading valinaṃ? It would then be acc. sg. of …

…of fault or flaw. It is probably a wrong spelling for vaṅka.

…Ja.vi.437

■ On vaṅka in similes see J.P.T.S. 1907, 131.

• -aṅgula a crooked finger…

…Mil.229. At Thag-a.15 vaṅkaka is used in general meaning of “something crooked” (to explain Thig.11…

Vaṅkatta (nt.) crookedness AN.i.112 (tt); Dhs.1339; Vb-a.494.

abstr. fr. vanka

adjective “of a crooked kind,” crooked-like; nt. twisting, crookedness, dishonesty MN.i.340; AN.iv.189; AN.v.167.

grd. formation fr. vanka

in -valī is a line or chain of balls (“rounds,” i.e. rings or spindles). Reading somewhat doubtful. It occurs at MN.i.80, MN.i.81 (seyyathā v. evaṃ me piṭṭhi-kaṇṭako unnat’ âvanato hoti; Neumann t …

…coral, lohitaṅka ruby, masāragalla cat’s eye,…

doubt, perplexity, uncertainty (one of the nīvaraṇas) DN.i.246; DN.iii.49, DN.iii.216, DN.iii.234 DN.iii.269; SN.i.99; SN.iii.106 sq. (dhammesu v. doubt about the precepts); SN.iv.350; AN.iii.292, AN. …

to shake; fig. to be unsettled, to waver, to be in doubt SN.iv.71 (cittaṃ na vikampate) Thag.1076 (vidhāsu na v.; translation Brethren p. 366: “who is not exercised about himself in this way or in t …

Vimāna¹

neuter lit. covering a certain space, measuring; the def^ns given by Dhpāla refer it to “without measure,” i.e. immeasurable. Thus = vigata-māne appamāṇe mahanta vara-p …

adjective fearless, secure; a˚; Sdhp.176.

vi + sanka; Sk. viśanka

Vāla¹

1. the hair of the tail horse-hair, tail Vin.ii.195 = Ja.v.335 (pahaṭṭha-kaṇṇavāla with bristling ears & tail, of an elephant); Ja.v.274 (so read for phāla, cp. p …

Ya˚

I. Forms

(See inflection also at Geiger, P.Gr. § 110.) The decl. is similar to that of ta˚ among the more rarely found forms we only mention the foll.
■ sg. nom. m. *[yo](/define/y …

1. name of certain non-human beings, as spirits, ogres, dryads, ghosts spooks. Their usual epithet and category of being is amanussa, i.e. not a human being (but not a sublime g …

female yakkha, a vampire. Their character is usually fierce & full of spite & vengeance, addicted to man- & beast-murder (cp. yakkha 2). They are very much like Petīs in habits. With their names cp. …

…54 20, 8; 22, 58.

• -ālaṅkata dressed as he was, in full (state-) dress Dhp-a.iii.79.
• -āvajjaṃ “as if to be blamed,” i.e….

1. a brahmanic sacrifice.
2. alms-giving charity, a gift to the Sangha or a bhikkhu.

The brahmanic ritual of Vedic times has been given a changed and deeper meaning. Buddhism has discarded the outwa …

adjective a yojana in extent Ja.i.92 (vihāra); Dpvs.17, 108 (ārāma); Dhp-a.i.274 (maṇipallanka).

fr. yojana

…usually in phrase pallaṅkaṃ ā˚; “to bend in the round lap” or “bend in hookwise”, to sit crosslegged (as a devotee with…

Ākāsa¹

air, sky, atmosphere; space. On the concept see Cpd. 5, 16, 226. On a fanciful etym. of ākāsa (fr. ā + kassati of kṛṣ) at Dhs-a.325 see Dhs trsl. 178. DN.i.55 (˚ṃ indriyāni …

primary meaning “foundation”, from this applied in the foll. senses:

1. support, help, footing, expedient, anything to be depended upon as a means of achieving what is desired, i.e. basis of operatio …

sitting, sitting down; a seat, throne MN.i.469; Vin.i.272 (= pallankassa okāsa); SN.i.46 (ek sitting alone, a solitary seat); AN.iii.389 (an˚ without a seat); Snp.338, Snp.718, Snp.810, Snp.981; Mnd.1 …

to be doubtful or afraid, to suspect, distrust, Ja.i.151 (pret. āsankittha), Ja.i.163 (aor. āsanki); Ja.ii.203; Snp-a.298
pp āsaṅkita (q v.),

ā + śaṅk

(-˚) adjective fearing, anxious, apprehensive Snp.255 (bhedā˚); Ja.iii.192 (id.).

fr. āsankā

adjective suspected, in fear, afraid, apprehensive, doubtful (obj. & subj.) Mil.173, Mil.372 (˚parisankita full of apprehension and suspicion); Dhp-a.i.223; Vv-a.110
■ Cp. *ussaṅkita & parisaṅkita …

…Ja.vi.350, Ja.vi.370; Dhp-a.iii.485; Vv-a.110
■ Cp. sāsaṅka & nirāsaṅka.

Sk. āśankā fr. ā + śaṅk

…freedom from illness, health (cp. appābādha) DN.i.204; DN.iii.166; AN.iii.65, AN.iii.103; Mil.14
■ f….

adjective sick, ill Ja.v.84 (= gilāna C.).

fr. ātanka

adjective wearing garlands or other headornaments, usually in f. ˚inī Ja.v.409 (= kaṇṇālankārehi yuttā C.); Vv.30#2 (voc. āvelinī, but at id. p. Vv.48#2 āveline) Vv.32#3 ; Vv-a.125 (on Vv.30#2 explai …

wave Mil.197 (˚vanka waterfall, cataract). Umi & Umi;

f. ūmi

1. placed, put down; set up, arranged, often simply pleonastic for finite verb (= being): saṃharitvā ṭh. being folded up Ja.i.265 (cp similar use of gahetvā c. ger.): mukkhe ṭh. Ja.vi.366 ˚sankāra (du …