1. and, and further.
2. and (before that); and then.
3. the, just then; next; with interrogatives.
4. but

…the other hand Ja.i.279. [atha vā](/define/atha vā) or (after prec. ca) nor (after prec. na) Snp.134; Dhp.140, Dhp.271; Pv.i.4#1; Pv.ii.1#4…

Abhaya ¹

A monk whose verse concerning the bewildering effects of beautiful sights is in the Theragāthā. Thag.98

Abhaya²Abhayarājakumāra

The son of King Bimbisāra and of Padum …

A Therī. Two verses attributed to her are found in the Therigatha. Thig.33–34

A Therī. Two verses are attributed to her in the Therīgāthā. Thig.35 Thig.46

Abhibhū¹

Chief disciple of Sikhī Buddha. DN.ii.9 In the Aruṇavatī Sutta it is said that he went with Sikhī to a Brahma-world and, at the Buddha’s request, preached a sermon to the accompa …

Three verses ascribed to Abhibhūta occur in the Theragāthā, addressd to his kinsmen and retainers. Thag.255–257 The second of these verses is elsewhere SN.i.156 attributed to Abhibhū, chief disciple o …

AbhirūpanandāAbhirūpaNandā

The two verses preached to her by the Buddha are given in the Therīgāthā. Thig.19–20

A Brahmin of Sāvatthī. A verse addressed by him to some corpulent monks is found in the Theragāthā. Thag.114

…monks from the Western country and from Avanti-Dakkhiṇāpatha. Vin.ii.298–289

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Ajita¹

A monk. He devoted his time to explaining the Pātimokkha rules to the monks. At the time of the Second Council he was a monk of ten years’ standing and was appointed to assign seats …

AjitamāṇavaAjita

One of the disciples of Bāvarī who visited the Buddha at the request of their teacher.

He was the first to question the Buddha, and the questions asked by him form the Ajitamāṇavapu …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse describes understanding the Dhamma as like drawing oneself from water to dry land. Thag.88

AmbapālīAmbapālikā

A courtesan of Vesāli. She became a devout follower of the Buddha, and building a vihāra in her own garden, gave it to him and the Order. This was during the Buddha’s last visit …

First cousin of the Buddha and one of his most eminent disciples. He was the son of the Sākyan Amitodana and brother of Mahānāma. When members of other Sākyan families had joined the Order of their di …

An Elder. Once when he was staying in a forest hut in the Mahāvana in Vesāli, near to where the Buddha was, certain wandering ascetics came to him and asked him whether or not a Tathāgata exists after …

A banker (seṭṭhi) of Sāvatthī who became famous because of his unparalleled generosity to the Buddha. His first meeting with the Buddha was during the first year after the Enlightenment, in Rājagaha …

A monk whose verses are recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.213–214

A headman (gāmani). He came to the Buddha in the Pārileyyaka Mango Grove in Nāḷandā and asked him various questions, recorded in the Saṃyutta Nikāya. SN.iv.312ff. One of these related to the custo …

…Ñātikā in the Giñjakāvasatha, Ānanda mentions to the Buddha that Asoka Thera had died, and asks where he had gone. The Buddha tells him that…

…Ñātikā in the Giñjakāvasatha, and inquires where she had been born, the Buddha says that she had been reborn spontaneously in the…

Assaji¹

The fifth of the Pañcavaggiyā monks. When the Buddha preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, he was the last in whom dawned the eye of Truth, and the Buddha had to discourse to h …

…monks of Avanti Dakkhiṇāpatha and of other border countries. Vin.i.197–198 The Buddha agreed, and among the rules so laid down were the…

AññātakoṇḍaññaKoṇḍañña

One of the five ascetics known as the Pañcavaggiyā. When, after the Enlightenment, the Buddha visited them at Isipatana and preached the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, Koṇḍañña w …

BakkulaBākulaVakkula

At the age of eighty, Bakkula heard the Buddha preach and left the world. For seven days he remained unenlightened, but on the dawn of the eighth day he became an arahant. Later, …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of not wanting to drink poison after tasting the Dhamma. Thag.103

An arahant, preceptor of Ānanda. He was once afflicted with scurvy and his robes clung to him. The monks thereupon applied water to the robes, but when the Buddha heard of it he made a rule allowing n …

BelaṭṭhānikaBelaṭṭhakāni

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how the spiritual life is wasted in gluttony. Thag.101

BeluvaBeluvagāmaVeluvaVeluvagāma

A village near Vesāli, where the Buddha spent his last vassa.

It was at this time that the Buddha, in answer to a question by Ānanda, said that he had kept nothing b …

Bhadda¹

A lay disciple of Nādikā who, the Buddha declared, had destroyed the five lower fetters and had been born in the highest deva worlds, thence to pass away entirely. DN.ii.92

Bhadda …

Bhaddā¹

Wife of King Muṇḍa. At her death the king placed her body in a vessel of oil and mourned for her until his friend Piyaka took him to Nārada Thera at the Kukkuṭārāma, and there made …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of going forth out of faith and attaining the Dhamma. Thig.9

BhallikaBhalliyaBhalluka

Together with Tapussa they were the first lay disciples of the Buddha. They offered a meal shortly after the Buddha was Awakened, while still near Uruvelā. Vin.i.3f. AN.i.2 …

Bharata¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses call on Nandaka and himself to declare their spiritual prowess to the Buddha. Thag.175–176

Bharata²

King of the Sovīras in the time of …

Bhāradvāja¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the heroic roar of the conquerors. Thag.177–178

Bhāradvāja²

He was the eldest of a clan of Bhāradvājas living in Rājagaha a …

Bhūta

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the greatest contentment while living among the harsh conditions of the forest. Thag.518–526

…Buddha at Jetavana. The Buddha then preached to her on the uposatha and the advantages of keeping the fast.

Brahmadatta¹

King of Kāsi. He captured Kosala and murdered its king Dīghiti and Dīghiti’s wife, but made peace later with Dīghiti’s son, Dīghāvu, restored to him his father’s kingdom, and …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how even the gods envy one such as he, with senses tamed. Thag.205–206

BuddhaBhagavāTathāgataSiddhatthaGotamaSugataSatthā

The Awakened one, the founder and teacher of the Buddha-dhamma. His personal name was Siddhattha Gotama, and he was a Khattiya of the Sakiyan clan. …

A monk who is said to have asked the Buddha, while on the banks of the Gaggarā Lake in Campā, about the conditions from which the Tathāgata is released and emancipated. The Buddha enumerated ten such. …

…Sāvatthī to Dakkhiṇāpatha and lived on the banks of the Godhāvarī in a hermitage which lay half in the territory of Assaka and half in…

…or the oldest of the Uposatha-kula. Next the Horse, Assaratana, named Valāhaka, all white with crow black head, and dark mane, able to fly…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that though he is walking blind on a wilderness road he will not go on with an evil companion. Thag.95

Candana¹

A deva, vassal of the Four Regent Gods. DN.ii.258 He is mentioned as one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in case of need. DN.iii.204 He once visited …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of how, with no family or friends, she wandering begging food to survive. One day she met Paṭācārā who had just finished eating. Paṭācārā, seeing her pitiable …

Channa¹

A Wanderer, classed among those who wore clothes. He is only mentioned once, in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, AN.iii.215 where we are told that he visited Ānanda at Sāvatthī and asked him …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how the cries of the beautiful peacocks wake the meditator to practice. Thag.22

A nun whose Therīgāthāspeak of how in her old age she went to Gijjhakūṭa and there, after meditation, she attained arahantship. Thig.27–28

CāpāCāvā

Her Therīgāthā verses speak of who her husband had formerly been an ascetic who had renounced his vows to have a child with her, but now regretted his decision and wanted to return to the ho …

CūḷagavacchaCūlagavaccha

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how a joyful monk would realize the state of peace. Thag.11

CūḷakaCūlaka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his delight in the beautiful peacocks and good earth, and how happily he meditates. Thag.211–212

An eminent arahant, declared chief among monks skilled in creating forms by mind-power and in mental “evolution” (cetovivaṭṭa). AN.i.23

His Theragathā verses speak of how slow his progress was in …

…is included in the Dakkhinapatha.

The Dakkhinapatha is famous in literature as the birthplace of strong bullocks DhSA.141; NidA.16; DhA.iii.248,…

…intention of holding an uposatha meeting without the Buddha, and, having persuaded five hundred newly ordained monks from Vesāli to join him, he…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how one with right effort will overcome defilements. Thag.100

An eminent Therī, ranked foremost among nuns who possessed the gift of preaching. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verse says that one without attachment is bound upstream. Thig.12 In Rājagaha her former husban …

Dhammapāla

A monk whose Theragāthā verses praise the young monk who by virtue of his practice is awake while the world sleeps. Thag.203–204

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of going forth and attaining the three knowledges. Thag.107

Dhammika

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the good state that awaits one who practices righteousness. Thag.303–306 According to the Aṅguttara. AN.iii.366ff. Dhammika had to leave seven lodgi …

Dhammā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse tells of how one day, while returning from her alms round, she slipped and fell. Meditating on this, she became an arahant. Thig.17

Dhaniya¹Dhanika

A herdsman living on the bank of the river Mahī. One day, while he was in this house, having finished his preparations for the approach of the rains, he sat meditating on h …

Dhīrā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of the wise one who attains Nibbana. Thig.6

Dhīrā²Vīrā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of how the heroic one overcom …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that one who eats much and is lazy will keep being reborn. Thag.17

Perhaps it is this same Dāsaka who is mentioned in the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.iii.127ff. as having …

EkadhammasavanīyaEkadhammasavaniyaEkadhammika

A monk whose verse is found in the Theragāthā. Thag.67

EkuddāniyaEkuddāna

A monk whose verse in the Theragāthā says that one of higher mind will not sorrow. Thag.68

The verse attributed above to Ekuddāniya, occurs in the Vinaya Vin.iv.54 as having been …

A verse admonishing this monk is found in the Theragāthā. Thag.93

A royal family of Nāgas, mentioned together with Virūpakkhas, Chabbyāputtas, and Kaṇhāgotamakas. For their own protection, monks are advised to fill their hearts with amity for these four classes of N …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of enduring the discomforts of the forest life. Thag.31

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his austere life by the Ganges river. Thag.127–128

The second of the nine portions (aṅgas) into which the Buddhist scriptures were arranged before the development of the Tipiṭaka. It includes all the suttas composed in verse, especially the whole Sa …

In the time of Kassapa Buddha he was a potter of Vehaliṅga, looking after his blind parents. He was a very pious and devoted follower of the Buddha, ministering to him better than anyone else, and the …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his delight in meditating in his small hut while it rains. Thag.325–329

The Giri Sutta was preached in reference to Girimānanda, when he lay grievously ill. AN …

…Sutta and the Giñjakāvasatha Sutta, SN.v.356f. which was preached at the same place, the Buddha is represented as having answered questions…

The Theragāthā Thag.659–672 contains several stanzas attributed to him, which speak of remaining even among the challenges of life, and the importance of holding to wisdom and righteousness.

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of his delight in meditating while the rain falls on his little hut. Thag.51

According to the Saṃyutta SN.i.120f. account, Godhika lived on the Kāḷasilā in Isig …

…river in Dakkhiṇāpatha, of which it forms the southern boundary, rising in Brahmagiri near the village of Triyanvaka.

18.91278,…

…who came from Giñjakāvasatha. The result of the visit was the preaching of the Cūḷagosiṅga Sutta. MN.i.205f. On another occasion, when…

Gosāla

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how after eating honey and rice he returns to his hillside to meditate. Thag.23

Gotama¹BuddhaSiddhatthaSakyamunīTathāgataAṅgīrasa

He was a Sākiyan, son of Suddhodana and of Mahā Māyā, Suddhodana’s chief consort, and he belonged to the Gotama-gotta. At age 29 he depar …

Guttā

A bhikkhunī to whom several Therīgāthā verses are addressed, encourageing her to overcome the defliments that have long kept her trapped in suffering. Thig.163–168

One of the nine portions (aṅga) into which the Buddhist scriptures were organized before the Tipiṭaka. It includes the Theragāthā and Therīgāthā, and other verses. Vin.iii.8

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of taming this mind like an elephant. Thag.77

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the impermanence of life, and the bitter fruit of evil deeds. Thag.145–146

…Kaṇṇamuṇḍā, Rathakāra, Chaddantā, Kuṇālā, Mandākinī and Sīhappapātaka; these lakes are never heated by the sun. AN.iv.101…

Hārita¹

A Mahā Brahmā who was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta, at the head of one hundred thousand other Brahmās. DN.ii.261

Hārita²

A monk whose Theragāthā ve …

Isidatta¹

A verse uttered by Isidatta, in response to the Buddha’s enquiry regarding his welfare, is recorded in the Therāgāthā. Thag.120

According to the Saṃyutta Nikāya, SN.iv.283–288 I …

She was the daughter of a good and wealthy merchant of Ujjenī. Having come of age, she was given in marriage to the son of a merchant in Sāketa.

For one month she lived with him as a devoted wife; th …

…Sutta SN.iii.66f.

• the Rathakāra or Pacetana Sutta AN.i.110f.
• the two Pāsa Suttas SN.i.105f.
• the Samaya Sutta AN.iii.320ff.
• the…

JambugāmikaJambugāmiya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse asks whether he is intent on adornments or virtue. Thag.28

Jambuka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how he practiced severe austerities for 55 year before going for refuge in the Buddha and attaining Awakening. Thag.283–286

…mind, loose of speech and heedless. He appeared before them on an uposatha day and reminded them of their duties. SN.i.61f.

Jenta¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how the contemplation of impermanence helps to cope with the sufferings of life. Thag.111

Jenta²Purohitaputta

A monk whose Thera …

JentāJentī

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of developing the path and becoming Awakened. Thig.21

Jeta¹

A prince. Owner of Jetavana, which he sold to Anāthapiṇḍika for eighteen crores. He then spent all that money on the erection of a gateway at the entrance, which he decorated with mu …

JetavanaJeta’s GroveAnāthapiṇḍaka’s ParkAnāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmaAnāthapiṇḍada’s Park

A park in Sāvatthī, in which was built the Anāthapiṇḍikārāma. When the Buddha accepted Anāthapiṇḍika’s invitation to …

A bhikkhunī mentioned in the Therīgāthā verses of Isidāsi, who describes Jinadattā as a learned and virtuous expert in the Vinaya. Thig.427

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of kamma. Thag.143–144

…evidently, to the Uttarāpatha. AN.i.213 AN.iv.252 AN.iv.256 AN.iv.260

In the Assalāyana Sutta MN.ii.149 it is stated that in Yona and in…

Kappa¹

One of Bāvarī’s disciples. The questions he asked of the Buddha are recorded in the Kappamāṇavapucchā. Snp.1007 Snp.1092–1095

Kappa²

A monk whose Theragāthā verses spea …

A monk whose verses are found in the Theragāthā. Thag.199–200

Kassapa¹

One of the seven Buddhas mentioned in the Canon. DN.ii.7

Among those who attained arahantship under Kassapa is mentioned Gavesī, who, with his five hundred followers, strove alwa …

A brahmin of the Bhāradvāja clan, living at Ekanālā, in Dakkhiṇāgiri, and so called on account of his profession of agriculture. On the day of his festive sowing, the Buddha visited him alone, and sto …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses describe how he heard the Dhamma, practiced, and overcame all defileents. Thag.179–180

KaṭṭhakāKathakā

A class of devas present at the Mahāsamaya. DN.ii.261

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that he made an offering of one flower, dwelt in heaven a long period, then became enlightened. Thag.96

Khemā

An arahant, chief of the Buddha’s women disciples for her great wisdom. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verses depict her being described as beautiful, but rejecting the pleasures of the senses. Thig.13 …

Khitaka¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how light and joyful his body feels. Thag.104

Khitaka²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of one who stands firm like a rock …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of learned ascetics of Pāṭaliputta. Thag.234–236 He was evidently one of the Pācīnaka (’Eastern“) monks who proclaimed the ten indulgences at Vesāli. He was one of …

Kisāgotamī

A nun who was declared chief among women disciples with respect to the wearing of coarse robes. AN.i.25 Gotamī was her name—she was called Kisā because of her thinness.

In her Therīgāthā …

KokanudaKokanada

A Paribbājaka. He meets Ānanda on the banks of the Tapodā, where they are both bathing, and enters into conversation with him. Kokanuda asks Ānanda a series of questions, such as whe …

KosalavihārīKosallavihārī

A monk whose Theragāthā verses say that he went forth in faith and dwells diligently in a forest hut. Thag.59

Kosiya¹Kosiyagotta

The name of a brahmin clan. In the pācittiya it is given as one of the lower gottas, Vin.iv.8 but it is also Sakka’s gotta, and is therefore generally regarded as a …

The Theragāthā verses Thag.393–398 ascribed to him speak of the contemplation of the foulness of the body.

Kumārakassapa

He was foremost among those who had the gift of varied and versatile discourse. AN.i.24 Once when Kumāra Kassapa was meditating in Andhavana a deva appeared before him, and asked him fi …

KuṇḍadhānaKoṇḍadhānaKoṇṭhadhānaKuḍḍadhāna

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of cutting off or developing five things. Thag.15 He was proclaimed the first among those who received food tickets. AN. …

KuṇḍalaKulakuṇḍalaKuḷakuṇḍalaKulaKuḷa

The verse attributed to Kundala in the Theragāthā Thag.19 occurs twice in the Dhammapada

Kuṭivihārī¹

The monk was so called because he obtained insight in a hut. Thag.56

Kuṭivihārī²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse is an encouragement to be content with his old hut. Thag.57

…Ñātika, at the Giñjakāvasatha, the Buddha tells Ānanda that Kālinga was reborn after death in the Suddhavāsā, and that there he would attain…

A monk to whom several Theragāthā verses on the need for energetic striving were addressed. Thag.411–416

A monk whose verses in the Theragāthā tell depict him encouraging the Buddha to return to his kinsmen. When the rains fell, covering the earth with the glory of leaves and flowers, Kāḷudāyī felt that …

LakkhīLacchī

Normally Lakkhī is the Pali equivalent of the goddess of luck, Lakśmī. However in the early texts the name only appears in one obscure Therīgāthā verse. Thig.421

LakuṇṭakaBhaddiya

He was given the title of Lakuntaka (Dwarf) owing to his very small stature.

The Udāna Ud.vii.1 Ud.vii.2 makes reference to the admonitions of Sāriputta and to the Buddha’s joy whe …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that, thrusting aside grasses with his chest, he will seek seclusion. Thag.27

According to the Lomasakaṅgiya Bhaddekaratta Sutta, MN.iii.199f. Candana visited Lom …

The Saṃyutta Nikāya mentions an interview between an Elder of this name and the Sākyan Mahānāma. Mahānāma asks the Elder if the learner’s way of life is identical with that of the Tathāgata. Vaṅgīsa a …

…monks for the holding of uposatha, he himself being pure. The Buddha read his thoughts, appeared before him, and urged upon him the necessity of so…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of practicing properly and awaiting ones’ time. Thag.12

…and Kamboja. The first fourteen are included in the Majjhimadesa, the two last being in Uttarāpatha.

Twelve countries are mentioned in the…

MahākaccāyanaKaccāyanaMahākaccānaKaccāna

One of the most eminent disciples of the Buddha, considered chief among expounders in full of the brief saying of the Buddha. AN.i.23 Several suttas illustrat …

…he need attend the uposatha ceremonies, since he himself was pure. The Buddha appeared before him, telling him to go. He sent for him and…

MahākassapaKassapaPippali

One of the Buddha’s most eminent disciples, chief among those who upheld austere practices. AN.i.23 His personal name was Pippali, but he is usually known by his clan name K …

MahākoṭṭhitaMahākotthitaKoṭṭhitaKotthita

One of the foremost disciples of the Buddha, ranked foremost among masters of analytical knowledge. AN.i.24 His Theragāthā verse speaks of contentment and sha …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses describe a large swarthy woman sitting surrounded by bones in the charnel ground, evidently a practitioner of asceticism. He expresses the wish to never be reborn. Thag.141–152

MahāmoggallānaMoggallānaKolita

The second of the Chief Disciples of the Buddha. He and Sāriputta went forth as disciples of Sañjaya. After some time, Sāriputta, wandering about in Rājagaha, met Assaj …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses warn of the dangers that face a monk who neglects the Dhamma. Thag.387–392

Mahānāma¹

A Sākiyan rājā, son of Amitodana; he was elder brother of Anuruddha and cousin of the Buddha. When the Sākiyan families of Kapilavatthu sent their representatives to join the Ord …

Mahāpajāpatī GotamīPajāpatī

An eminent bhikkhunī and the step-mother of the Buddha. She raised the Buddha as her own child after the death of his mother.

She is chiefly remembered as the first bhik …

The elder brother of Cūḷapanthaka. He was declared pre eminent among those skilled in the evolution of consciousness. (saññāvivatta). AN.i.24

A set of verses uttered by him in the joy of attainment …

…when four suns appear in the world. These seven lakes are Anotattā, Sīhapapātā, Rathakāra, Kappamundā, Kuṇālā, Chaddantā and…

…king who observed the uposatha, together with his people. When a grey hair appeared on his head he went forth to develop the divine abidings,…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that one should only stay in a dwelling that is conducive to the goal. Thag.105

…their performances. But Medakathalikā said that each should look after himself, which would be the better way.

The Buddha related this story at…

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his great faith in the Buddha. Thag.131–132

MettajiMattaji

A monk whose Theragāthā verse extols the Buddha. Thag.94

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of of how she strugged up a mountain, only to sit and become Awakened. Thig.29–30

MeṇḍasiraMeṇḍasīsa

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of realizing release from suffering after many lifetimes. Thag.78

Migajāla

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak in praise of the eightfold path. Thag.417–422

The Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.iv.35f. contains two discussions which he had with the Buddha; the second was a t …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of becoming Awakened since he went forth. Thag.181f.

MittakālīMittakālikāMittakāḷīMittakāḷikā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of how, having gone forth in faith, she missed out of the higher goals of the ascetic life, so lusted for gains and …

…she was formerly attached to the idea of performing rites on the uposatha days aspiring for heavenly rebirth. Thig.31–32

He belonged to a brahmin family and studied under Bāvarī as an ascetic. He was one of the sixteen pupils sent by Bāvarī to the Buddha. Snp.1116–1119 The Buddha declared him foremost among wearers of r …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of unflagging striving, regardless of life or limb. Thag.311–314

Muttā ¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of being freed. Thig.2

Muttā ²

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of being freed from three crooked things. Thig.11

M …

MāluṅkyāputtaMāluṅkyaputtaMālukyaputta

The Theragāthā contains two sets of verses attributed to him. One set speaks of the dangers of craving and encourages effort. Thag.399–404 The second set speaks …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that he went forth after seeing an old man, a sick man, and a dead man. Thag.73

Brother of Uruvelā Kassapa. He received his name from living on the bank of the Nerañjara at the head of three hundred ascetics. His Thergāthā verses speak of how his former wrong views and practices …

Nanda¹Vaccha

Mentioned in a list of well known leaders of the Ajivakas, the others being Kisa Saṅkicca and Makkhali Gosāla. MN.i.524 They were declared by Purāṇa Kassapa, in his classifica …

Nandaka¹

Once, at the Buddha’s request, he preached a sermon to the nuns; on the first day they became sotāpannas, and, on the second, five hundred of them attained arahantship. MN.iii.270 …

Nandiya¹

He belonged to a Sākiyan family of Kapilavatthu, and was called Nandiya because his birth brought bliss. He left the world at the same time as Anuruddha, Kimbila and the others, a …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of her former useless practice of austerities and her current state of Awakening. Thig.87–91

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of practicing with joy in the forest, despite being ill. Thag.435–440

Nigaṇṭha NāṭaputtaNigaṇṭha NāthaputtaNāthaputtaNāṭaputta

Founder or reformer of the Jains. One of six eminent teachers, contemporary with the Buddha; he is described as a outsider. SN.i.66

He was le …

Nigrodha¹

A wanderer. Once, when he was staying with a large number of colleagues at the Udumbarikārāma near Rājagaha, Sandhāna, on his way to see the Buddha, stopped him and entered into …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of giving up desire and patiently awaiting one’s time. Thag.195–196

…Virūpakkha, Erāpatha, Chabyāputta and Kaṇhāgotamaka. The enmity between the Nāgas and the Garulas is proverbial. DN.ii.258 In the…

Nāgita¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the unique efficacy of practicing the Buddha’s path. Thag.86

Nāgita²

For some time the personal attendant of the Buddha. DN.i.1 …

The followers of Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta. DN.iii.117

A monk whose Theragāthā verse asks when the lazy fool will ever escape suffering. Thag.84

…day they had taken the uposatha-vows. The conversation that took place between Oṭṭhaddha and the Buddha is recorded in the Mahāli Sutta….

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his energetic resolve after going forth. Thag.222–224

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of attaining happiness. Thag.63

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the superiority of the taste of Dhamma over all other flavors. Thag.91

His Theragāthā verses speak of his helping his relatives to practice generosity, so they attained a favorable rebirth. Thag.240–242

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the end of rebirth. Thag.87

Paṭācārā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of her efforts to attain Awakening. Thig.112–116 She was declared by the Buddha to be the best among bhikkhunīs who knew the Vinaya. AN.i.25 She was …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses depict the ascetic Paṇḍarassagotta questioning him on the future decline of Bhikkhus. Thag.949–980

PilindavacchaPilindivacchaPilindiyavacchaPilindaPilindiPilindiya

A monk whose enigmatic Theragāthā verse speaks of what has come and not departed. Thag.9 Certain devas who had been born in the deva w …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of going against what everyone else does. Thag.76

Piṇḍola¹

A Pacceka Buddha, given in a nominal list. MN.iii.69

Piṇḍola²Bhāradvāja

An arahant who announced before the Buddha his readiness to answer the questions of any doubti …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of caution when accepting food from women. Thag.34

…Sāriputta is given in the Rathavinīta Sutta. MN.i.146ff.

The Buddha declared Puṇṇa to be pre-eminent among those who preached the Dhamma….

Puṇṇamāsa¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that a restrained and wise one knows the rise and passing away of the world. Thag.10

Puṇṇamāsa²

A monk whose Theragāthā verses sp …

A monk. He is mentioned as visiting the Buddha and asking him under what conditions a sermon presents itself to the mind of a Tathāgata. AN.iv.337f. AN.v.154f.

Puṇṇā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of being full with good qualities, like the full moon. Thig.3

Puṇṇā²Puṇṇikā

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses argue that bat …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses are collected in two sizable groups. The first depicts him meditating in solitude and pondering over the things that one should do to accompish one’s duty and do no harm …

Pārāsariya¹Pārāpariya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how being restrained he has overcome defilements. Thag.116

Pārāsariya²

A brahmin teacher mentioned in the Indriya …

…respective districts on uposatha days, the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month. Each section of the rules is recited and, at the end of…

A city of the Mallas which the Buddha visited during his last journey, going there from Bhogagāma and stopping at Cunda’s mango grove.

Cunda lived in Pāvā and invited the Buddha to a meal, which prov …

Rakkhita ¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of having uprooted all defilements and become cool. Thag.79

Rakkhita²Rakkhitavanasaṇḍa

A forest tract near the village of Pāril …

Revata¹Khadiravaniya

An eminent disciple of the Buddha, declared by him foremost among forest dwellers. AN.i.24

His Theragāthā verses appear under two names. As Khadiravaniya he admonishe …

Rohinī¹

The Therīgāthā Thig.271–290 contains a set of verses spoken by her in exaltation, when, after becoming an arahant, she recalled to mind the discussion she had had with her father w …

The Buddha declared him foremost among those who could inspire speech in others. AN.i.25

The Theragāthā Thag.133–134 contains two verses spoken by him in praise of concentration of the mind.

The Rād …

RāhulaRāhulabhadda

Only son of Gotama Buddha. When the Buddha visited Kapilavatthu for the first time after his Enlightenment and accepted Suddhodana’s invitation, Rāhula’s mother sent the boy to the …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, when he saw a woman’s rotting corpse in the cemtery, at first lust arose, then he mindfully overcame his defilements. Thag.315–319

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how his mind does not waver among the sounds of nature. Thag.49

SabbakaSappaka

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his joy in living on the banks of the Ajakaraṇī, practising meditation. Thag.307–310.

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of getting rid of desire for this impure body. Thag.453–458

Sabbakāma lived on to one hundred and twenty years of age, and was consulted by Yasa, Soreyya Revata, …

Sabbamitta

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of the suffering inherent in relationships. Thag.149–150

Sakulā¹

The foremost among nuns in the divine eye. AN.i.25 Her Therīgāthā verses say that while still living in the household, she heard the Dhamma taught by a monk, and then saw the Dhamm …

Sambhūta¹Sītavaniya

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how a bhikkhu in the Sītavana (Cool Grove) is victorious. Thag.6

Sambhūta²Sānavāsī

When the Vajjiputtaka heresy aro …

SambulaKaccāna

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of how he dwells happily though living in a fearful hole. Thag.189–190

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of experiencing the suffering caused by kamma in the past. Thag.81

…Ñātikā in the Giñjakāvasatha, when the Buddha preached to him the Sandha Sutta. AN.v.323f.

It is, perhaps, the same monk who is mentioned as…

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of attaining a perception of the Buddha under a fig tree. Thag.217–218

Sangharakkhita

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of one who, although in seclusion, still has uncontrolled faculties. Thag.109

Sarabhaṅga¹

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

Sarabhaṅga²

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of living in a hut of reeds he built himself. By practicing the straight road of the s …

Sañjaya¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that since going forth he has not had any hate. Thag.48

Sañjaya²

In the Kaṇṇakatthala Sutta Viḍūḍabha tells the Buddha that it was …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse speaks of having left behind family and possessions, as well as all defilements. Thig.18

Saṅkicca

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his delight in meditating in the forest, free of harmful intentions, and confident that his religious path is accomplished. Thag.597–607

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of seeing the Buddha at the Gayā festival. Thag.287–290

A monk whose Theragāthā verse describes how those how are defiled do not find stillness. Thag.102

SigālakapitāSiṅgālakapitāSigālapitāSiṅgālapitā

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speak of a monk who practices skeleton-meditation in the Bhesakaḷā forest. Thag.18

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of openness, and how when confronted by Death, one should not waste one’s days. Thag.447–452

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how a monk without anger will not grieve when the time for Death approaches. Thag.502–509

Sirimā¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of remaining still in mind amid praise and blame. Thag.159–160

Sirimā²

Sirimā is mentioned in a list of eminent upāsikās. AN.iv.347

Sirivaḍḍha¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of meditating in the cleft of Mounts Vebhāra and Paṇḍava while the lightning flashes. Thag.41

Sirivaḍḍha²

A minister of Pasena …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses say one should avoid a lzy man and associate with those who are energetic. Thag.147–148

Sopāka¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says one should love all beings, like a woman loves her only child. Thag.33

Sopāka²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that he walked wit …

Soṇa¹

A Thera, declared chief of those possessing clear utterance. AN.i.24 He lived in Avantī, where he met Mahākaccāna and was later ordained by him, after much difficulty assembling the …

Soṇā¹

An eminent lay woman, disciple of the Buddha. AN.iv.348

Soṇā²Bahuputtikā

A Therī. She was declared foremost among nuns for capacity of effort. She had ten sons and daugh …

Subhā¹

A group of Brahmās; the group includes the Parittasubhā, the Appamāṇasubhā and the Subhakiṇhā. MN.iii.102

Subhā²Kammāradhītā

The daughter of a rich goldsmith of Rājagah …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, when someone lives the wrong way they blame their bad luck, and praises one who only speaks about what they actually do. Thag.320–324

He was declared chief of those who lived remote and in peace, and of those who were worthy of gifts. AN.i.24 The Buddha also praised his skill in meditation. Ud.vi.7

A verse attributed to him is incl …

Subāhu¹

He was the son of a seṭṭhi family of Benares, and was the friend of Yasa. When Yasa and his companions joined the Order Subāhu followed his example, and they all became arahants. V …

Sudatta¹

A lay disciple of Nādikā who had become a sakadāgāmin. DN.ii.92 SN.v.356f.

Sudatta²

A devaputta who visited the Buddha at Jetavana and spoke two stanzas on the va …

A Pacceka Buddha in a nominal list. MN.iii.70

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of going forth after one rainy season, then attaining the Dhamma. Thag.24

A monk whose Theragāthā verse cryptically speaks of 100 signs. Thag.106

Sujātā¹

The foremost laywoman in being first to go for refuge. DN.ii.135 AN.i.26

Sujātā²

A lay woman of Ñātikā. The Buddha said that she had become a sotāpanna and had thus as …

Sumana¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of having accomplished all that he was aksed to do. Thag.330–334

Sumana²Cūḷasumana

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of ordaini …

Sumanā¹Sumanārājakumārī

She was the daughter of the king of Kosala and sister of Pasenadi. She is included among the eminent upāsikās. AN.iv.347 She once visited the Buddha, with five hu …

Sumaṅgala¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of being well rid of three crooked things, and exhorts himself to meditation. Thag.43

Sumaṅgala²

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.70

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses celebrate her freedom from household drudgery and her brutal husband. Thig.23–24

She was the daughter of King Koñca of Mantāvatī. Her Therīgāthā verses, of which she has the greatest number of any of the nuns, speak of the emptiness of the home life and the advantages of going for …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses tell of how he was tempted by a courtesan. She showed herself to him, decked and adorned and wearing golden slippers, and invited him in with seductive manner. But seein …

Sundarī¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses consist of a dialogue, firstly between her father Sujāta and a bhikkhunī, Vāsiṭṭhī, Thig.313–324 and later between Sundarī and her mother. Thig …

Sundarīnandā¹

Younger sister of Thullanandā; she had two other sisters, Nandā and Nandavatī. Sāḷha Migāranattā seduced her, and she was proclaimed guilty of a Pārājika offence. Vin.iv.21 …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of one who understands the mind, practicing jhāna happily. Thag.85

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of his humble origins and how he bowed and scaped before many people, until he was lifted up by the Buddha. Practcing in the forest he realized the Dhamma, so that …

A monks whose Theragāthā verses speak of attaining the goal of the spiritual life. Thag.135–136

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the advantages of associating with good people. Thag.75

Suyāma¹

A devaputta, chief of the Yāma-devas. AN.iv.242 DN.i.217

Suyāma²Suyāmana

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of abandoning unwholesome states of mind. Thag.74

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the happiness of one who practices the right way. Thag.35

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the end of rebirth. Thag.90

Sāmā¹

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of how she could not find peace after going to the monastery five times, then later attained the end of suffering. Thig.37–38

Sāmā^{2</s …}

…visit the Buddha on an uposatha day. Hemavata then asked the Buddha a series of questions. Snp.176–205

Sātāgira is mentioned in the…

The capital city of Kosala in India and one of the six great Indian cities during the lifetime of the Buddha. DN.ii.147 It was six leagues from Sāketa. Vin.i.253 It was on the banks of the Aciravatī.V …

SāṭimattiyaSātimattiya

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of one who formerly had faith but now has no more, and of wandering for alms, a little here and there. Thag.246–248

Sīha¹

A Licchavi general of Vesāli. He was a follower of the Nigaṇṭhas. When the Buddha visited Vesāli, Sīha, having heard reports of his greatness, wished to see him, but Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaput …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses tell of how for seven years she tried, without success, to concentrate her mind. Then she tied a noose round her neck and fastened the end to a tree, and in this po …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak in praise of virtue (sīla). Thag.608–619

A grove near Rājagaha where Anāthapiṇḍika first met the Buddha. When Anāthapiṇḍika approached it, he was filled with fear and trembling. But he was reassured by a friendly Yakkha, Sīvaka. Vin.ii.155*f …

Sīvaka¹

A Yakkha who helped Anāthapiṇḍika to find the Buddha at Sītavana.Vin.ii.155f. SN.i.211 He is mentioned among the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in time of …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of attaining his goal and abandoning pride. Thag.60

Sīvali was declared by the Buddha AN.i.24 pre-eminent among recipients of gifts.

A Pacceka Buddha. MN.iii.69

Tavakaṇṇika, Tavannika, Tavakinnoka

A householder who realised Nibbāna from knowledge of the Tathāgata. He is mentioned in a list of such householders, but nothing further is known of him. AN.iii.451

Tavakaṇṇika, Tavannika, Tavakinnoka

A householder who realised Nibbāna from knowledge of the Tathāgata. He is mentioned in a list of such householders, but nothing further is known of him. AN.iii.451

Tavakaṇṇika, Tavannika, Tavakinnoka

A householder who realised Nibbāna from knowledge of the Tathāgata. He is mentioned in a list of such householders, but nothing further is known of him. AN.iii.451

TekicchakārīTekicchakāni

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, by recollecting the triple Gem and the four immeasurables, he overcomes lack of food and comfort. Thag.381–386

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verse says she may sleep happily now the defilements are stilled. Thig.1

Tissa¹

One of the two chief disciples of Vipassī Buddha. DN.ii.4

Tissa²

A monk who was reborn as a Brahmā with great iddhi-powers. Moggallāna visited him soon after his bir …

Ubbirī>

A bhikkhunī whose verses in the Therīgāthā tell of her lamenting the death of her daughter, Jīva, and reflecting that thousands of her daughters must likewise have died in previous lives. Th …

He once visited the Buddha and told him how he rivalled in power and wealth the seṭṭhi Migāra, grandson of Rohana. He was worth one hundred thousand in gold alone, to say nothing of silver. The Buddha …

Ujjaya¹

A Pacceka Buddha, mentioned in the list in the Isigili Sutta. MN.iii.70

Ujjaya²

A monk whose verse is in the Theragāthā. Thag.67

Ujjaya³

A brahmin. He onc …

A monk whose verse is recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.65

When Upacālā was taking her siesta in Andhavana, Māra tried to arouse in her sensual desires, but she vanquished him and became an arahant. This account is found in both the Therīgāthā and the Saṃyutt …

Upasamā>

A bhikkhunī whose verse is found in the Therīgāthā. Thig.10

UpasenaVaṅgantaputta

When his ordination was but one year old, he ordained another bhikkhu, to increase the number of holy ones, and went with him to wait upon the Buddha. The Buddha roundly rebuked …

The name of the Elephant Treasure of the Cakkavatti Mahāsudassana. He was “all white, sevenfold firm (sattappatiṭṭha), wonderful in power, flying through the sky.”. DN.ii.174 MN.iii.173f.

Uppalavaṇṇā

One of the two chief women disciples of the Buddha, and the chief of the women possessed of psychic power. AN.i.25 The Therīgāthā Thig.234–235 SN.i.131f. contains several verses attribu …

Upāli ¹

One of the most eminent of the Buddha’s immediate disciples. He belonged to a barber’s family in Kapilavatthu and entered the service of the Sākiyan princes. When Anuruddha and his …

UruvelākassapaKassapa

One of three brothers, the Tebhātika-Jatilas, living at Uruvelā. After initial resistance, all became the Buddha’s followers. He lived on the banks of the Nerañjara with five h …

Uttamā¹

A bhikkhunī whose verses in the Therīgāthā tell of her repeated struggles before realizing awakening. Thig.42–44

Uttamā²

A bhikkhunī whose verses in the Therīgāthā tel …

Uttara¹

A monk whose verses are recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.121–122

Uttara²

A monk whose verse are recorded in the Theragāthā. Thag.161–162

Uttara³

A *devapu …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse tell of how he overcame his desire and confusion and attained arahantship. Thag.252–254

…who observed the uposatha of the eight precepts.

Uttarā⁵

A little yakkhinī, sister of Punabbasu. For her story see…

…literature. Perhaps Uttarāpatha was originally the name of a great trade-route, the northern high road which extended from Sāvatthī to…

A resident of Uttarāpatha. Vin.iii.6

Uttiya¹

A monk whose Theragāthā verse tells of how when ill, he aroused mindfulness. Thag.30

In the Saṃyutta Nikāya SN.v.22 the Buddha explains to him, in answer to his question, the char …

A wanderer who later became an arahant Thera. Several conversations he had with the Buddha are mentioned in the books. For details see the Tevijja Vacchagotta-, Aggi Vacchagotta-, Mahā Vacchagotta- …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of the ease of attaining Nibbana for one who practices well. Thag.71

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of dwelling alone in the forest. Thag.62 Vajjiputta’s story is given in the Saṃyutta. SN.i.201f.

A Vajjiputta, perhaps the same person, has another verse that …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, after many rebirths he has found peace. Thag.215–216

Vakkali

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of never relinquishing energy, whether ill or happy, while meditating in the forest. Thag.350–354 The Buddha declared him foremost among those of implicit …

A Theragāthā verse ascribed to a monk of this name speaks of rejoicing while it rains outside, since he meditates in comfort in his hut. Thag.53

Two further verses ascribed to a monk of the same name …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of his delight to be meditating in nature. Thag.13

There is a separate verse also ascribed to a Vacchagotta on the same theme. Thag.113

Vappa ¹

One of the group of five monks who practiced with the Bodhisatta before his Awakening, and who were his first monastic followers. Vappa was disappointed when the Buddha began takin …

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of one who kills himself and others, and then address a certain Sujampati, saying that a brahmin has color on the inside. Thag.139–140

Vaḍḍha¹

A Licchavi. He was a friend of the Mettiyabhummajakā, and, at their instigation, charged Dabba Mallaputta with having committed adultery with his wife. Dabba repudiated the charge, …

Vaḍḍhamāna

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of putting forth effort as if one’s haor was on fire. Thag.40 Elsewhere Thag.1162 this same verse is ascribed to Moggallāna as having been spoken by hi …

Vaḍḍhamātā>

An arahant, mother of Vaḍḍha. Her conversation with Vaḍḍha and his declaration to her after becoming an arahant are included in the Therīgāthā. Thig.204–212

A monk who was declared foremost in the gift of spontaneous poetic expression. AN.i.24

The Theragāthā contains numerous verses spoken by him on various occasions Thag.1208–1279 SN.i.183ff. Some of …

VepacittiSambara

An Asura chieftain, who was present with Namuci (Māra) at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta. DN.ii.259

Vepacitti was the friend of Rāhu, and when Rāhu seized Candimā and Suriya …

…householders of Uttarāpatha, staying at Verañjā, supplied the monks with food. Moggallāna proposed to get food by the exercise of his magic…

Vijaya¹

A householder, mentioned as an exemplary layman. AN.iii.451

Vijaya²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse says that one without defilements may not be traced, like birds in th …

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses say that she went to the monastery up to five times before being approached by a bhikkhunī, who taght her the Dhamma, so that now she dwells in freedom and bliss. T …

Several verses uttered by him in self admonition, in which he displays his knowledge of elephant training, are included in the Theragāthā. Thag.355–359

Vimala¹

One of the four friends of Yasa who, following the latter’s example, joined the Order and attained arahantship. Vin.i.18f.

Vimala²

A monk whose Theragāthā verse spea …

A monk whose Theragāthā verse is in the form of a riddle. Thag.64

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses speak of the fading beuaty of youth and the peace of liberation. Thig.72–76

Visākha¹

Husband of Dhammadinnā. After Dhammadinnā had joined the Order, she left the city and retired into the country, returning to Rājagaha after she had attained arahantship. Visākha, …

…on the keeping of the uposatha, AN.i.205ff. AN.iv.255 the discourse of the eight qualities which win for women power in this world and power…

A monk whose Theragāthā verses praise non-harming and seclusion. Thag.237–239

A bhikkhunī whose Therīgāthā verses tell of her child’s death and her subsequent history. Thig.133–138

It is said that the brahmin Sujāta, father of Sundarī, met Vāsetthī, and, hearing her story, him …

Vīra

A monk whose Theragāthā verse speaks of taming oneself like a hero. Thag.8

A monk whose Theragāthā verses speak of how, while shaving, he gained insight. Thag.169–170

The god of death. When beings die they are led before him to be judged according to their deeds. Birth, old age, illness, punishment for crime and death, are regarded as his messengers, sent among men …

…of the south (Dakkhiṇāpatha), asking for their assistance in checking the corruption of the religion. With them he visited Sambhūta…

YasojaYasojoti

The Udāna mentions Ud.iii.3 how Yasoja and five hundred of his companions went to see the Buddha at Jetavana. There they stood talking to the monks who lived there and made a great upr …

A branch of knowledge, dabbling in which is forbidden to monks. Probably the Atharva Veda, which includes sorcery and magic spells. Snp.927

A monk whose verse is in the Theragāthā. Thag.72

a tettek útja

út, ösvény

elnyugvás, nyugodt derű

az együttlét napja, szertartásnap

a valóságnak megfelelő tudás; annak tudása és látása, ami van

végsőkig hatoló, átható-, mélyreható tudatműködés

discourse about the doctrine or about dhamma

(a method) of settling a case or dispute

mode of expression

the inside or environs of a house or dwelling.

free from doubt

free from doubt

not being otherwise, as it really is; true

not otherwise, accurately, as it really is

not subject to change

not subject to change

mutual talk, conversation (between)

anto-āvasatha

masculine the inner part of a dwelling

path leading round, an encircling path; a path on a rampart

not an uposatha day

every uposatha day.

having little strength; weak

and yet; on the other hand

1. moreover.
2. then; just then.
3. but rather; but moreover; but also.

or; or rather, or perhaps (in commentaries, introducing an alternative (preferred?) explanation)

or also; and also

or neuter (what belongs to) the Atharva-veda; a spell or a charm from the Atharva-veda

or neuter (what belongs to) the Atharva-veda; a spell or a charm from the Atharva-veda

and further

self-mortification.

wise only for oneself; concerned with oneself only (so sometimes commentaries); (same as atta)

profitable talk, talk of the goal

they slighted; they despised.

seeing absolutelyl the only seer ( of Brahmā or Tathāgata)

change, alteration; change of mind; doubt, anxiety

in a different manner; otherwise (than, abl.); in the wrong way, falsely, erroneously; not so.

aññathā … aññathā …

(?) in one way … in another way …; like this … different…

becoming different; change, alteration

of changeable nature, inevitably changing

of changeable nature, inevitably changing

following a different teaching

the range or reach of sight.

…particle (preceded by atha) in interrogative clauses, often expressing exasperation or indignation: who then …? whatever in that case …?…

crossing of high-roads, a main crossroads.

crossing of high-roads, a main crossroads.

of chijjati

whose movement is destroyed, who is unable to move; a cripple.

weariness from walking around (for alms)

…fortnight) 2. (mfn.) on the 14th day (of a lunar fortnight); (m.) the uposatha observance on the fourteenth day (of a lunar fortnight)

crossing of high roads; a main crossroad.

of dassati

the southern region, the Deccan.

(from dakkhiṇāpatha) belonging to the southern region; from the Deccan.

taming; subduing; restraint; mastery.

being hot or inflamed; distress; exhaustion.

pot with a handle.

an act of purification in the presence of the gods.

discourse on dhamma; talk about dhamma.

talk connected with dhamma.

wrong discourse, harmful talk

place where two roads meet, a fork in the road; a divided path.

strong-toothed; whose strength is his teeth.

fang; the canine tooth.

the brick hall.

1. a verse; a stanza.
2. the name of one of the nine categories (aṅgas) of the scriptures.

(what has been) sung over; over which verses have been sung.

quarter of a verse; a line or a half-line.

movement, mode of behavior, deportment; esp. the four bodily attitudes (walking, standing, sitting, lying)

this and another sort of existence; existence in this form or in that

decrepit carriage.

action, activity; way of acting; course of action

gravel; a pebble; a fragment (of earthenware), a potsherd

potsherd; scraper

kathan nu (kho)

(?) how indeed? how possibly? how on earth? how really? exactly like what?

kathan nu (kho)

(?) how indeed? how possibly? how on earth? how really? exactly like what?

speaks, tells; recounts; teaches; speaks about, explains; preaches

somehow or rather; with some difficulty

how, pray? how indeed?

how possibly how indeed?

+ fut. (or occasionally + opt.) how could …? how could … possibly? (expressing amazement and/or disapproval)

just how/ in which way?

(before vowels sometimes kath’) how? in what way? how is it that …? what … like?; kathaṃ is often followed by one or more particles:katham preceded by yathä, however? in what way.

belonging to what gotta?

living in what way?

living in what way?

questioning, uncertain; full of doubt

questioning, uncertain; full of doubt

questioning, doubt

how acting? acting in what way?

how acting? acting in what way?

what sort of? like what?

determined, effected in what way?

kathā¹

feminine talking, talk, conversation; discussion; a talk, discourse; an account, a story.

kathā²

ind. how?.

story to tell; a story worth telling

conversation; dialogue

subject for discourse or a story; a subject of conversation

metal dish; a plate of bell-metal or bronze

gravel; a pebble; a fragment (of earthenware), a potsherd

potsherd; scraper

…a further stage in a narrative, esp. following atha.

of rough or hurtful speech; criticizing.

weariness, exhaustion; mortification; distress, esp. physical distress; distress from lack (of, instr.).

…of naṃ

na⁴

mfn. demonstr. pronoun in acc. often following a particle, esp. atha, or at the end of a sentence, after imperat….

the dispelling of weariness and drowsiness.

, ~a, neuter a way of speaking; an expression; (merely using an expression; ?)

various sorts of talk, tale, trivial conversation.

protector, patron, lord; a husband; a prop, support; esp. the lord, the Buddha.

producing a support, making for protection.

cond. 3 sg.

from whom instruction has been withdrawn

good discourse, well directed talk

( ~a, ~ani, m.n.pl.), moving and unmoving beings; trembling and still beings.

1. true; real.
2. the truth.

for so; for thus (as it has been said); for instance; because

adverb

1. thus; so; in that way; like that (frequently followed by eva)
2. so, also; in the same way.
3. as correlative to yathā; in that way, such a manner…that; as … so; (repeated): yathā yathā.

1. one who has gone so; the awakened one; used
   1. by Gotama (a) of Buddhas generally, including himself; (b) specifically of himself.
   2. by others (a) of Buddhas generally, including Gotama; (b) …

(one) who goes in that way; goes accordingly.

(a place rubbed by) the frequenting of the tathāgata, a trace of the tathāgata.

(a place) scored by the tathāgata, a mark of the tathāgata.

(~ā ~ī)n. such …; like this or that; such a kind; following a defining phrase; followed by yathārūpa, yathā or another relative pronoun.

being of such a character.

the state of being so; the true state of things.

of such a kind; (being) like that; such a a person.

speaking so, like that.

speaking so, like that.

num., mfn.

1. (num.) thirteen.
2. (mfn.) containing (a poem of) 13 verses (Theragāthā)

theragāthā¹

feminine a verse of an elder; a verse from the Theragāthā.

theragāthā²

feminine pl. the verses of the elders; one of the collections making up the Khuddakanikāya o …

the verses of the female elders; one of the collections making up the Khuddakanikāya of the Pāḷi Canon.

worldly, frivolous talk; chatter, gossip.

“a covering of grass”, one of the seven adhikaraṇasamatha (method of setting a case or dispute)

(one) of high rank

lives in a state of abstinence, observes (a fast or (the duties of) an uposatha day).

who has observed the uposatha day

1. (for non-buddhists) a fastday, a day of purification; (for Buddhists) a day on which lay-followers undertake to observe eight abstinence and on which they listen to teaching on the dhamma (usuall …

an area in front of the uposatha hall (from where the uposatha ceremony can be heard)

hall for the uposatha ceremony (of the saṅgha)

the (formal) act (of the saṅgha) on an uposatha day

hall for the uposatha ceremony (of the saṅgha)

hall for the uposatha ceremony (of the saṅgha)

questioning about the (day of the) uposatha ceremony

one of the eight abstinence (observed by the lay-followers on an uposatha day)

1. (a meal) connected with the uposatha day.
2. fasting; observing the uposatha abstinence; keeping the uposatha day.

observance of the duties of the uposatha day

what is not the path; a path away from the right road; the wrong road, the wrong way.

the path of the sun; the sky

carriage draw by thoroughbreds

of rough speech (ākhīṇa)

an exposition or narrative in a regular order; an account of previous events; a progressive or gradual sermon; instruction step by step.

cond. 3 sg.

or neuter ‘area over which one moves’, region, sphere, range; field of perception.

come within range, perceivable; within the sphere of perception

sitting within the view (of men), in public.

sitting within the view (of men), in public.

or neuter (what belongs to) the Atharva-veda; a spell or a charm from the Atharva-veda

or neuter (what belongs to) the Atharva-veda; a spell or a charm from the Atharva-veda

hose, dwelling; lodging; a public rest-house; hostel.

household robe (allowed to menstruating bhikkhunīs)

dwelling; rest-house

meal at a public rest-house

residence practice (the practice of several residences holding separate uposathas within the same boundary)

cooking pot holding an āḷhaka of rice

…disadvantageous courses of action see: kamma-patha I.

Abhisamaya: ‘breakthrough or penetration to the realization of the truth’, is the full and direct comprehension of the Four Noble Truths by the Stream-winner sotāpanna see: ariya-puggala. In …

Abhiññā: The 6 ‘higher powers’, or supernormal knowledge’s, consist of 5 mundane lokiya powers attainable through the utmost perfection in mental concentration samādhi and one supra-mundane * …

Anabhijjhā: F reedom from covetousness, jealously and envy = unselfishness; see: kamma-patha II. 8.

Atta-kilamatha: Self-mortification = self-torture, is one of the two extremes to be avoided, the other extreme being addiction to sensual…

…of mind citt’ekaggatā and calm tranquillity samatha, further see: samatha - vipassanā.

…advantageous thoughts vitakka and is the 9th of the 10 advantageous courses of actions kamma-patha II. The most frequently used synonyms are…

Bala: ‘powers’. Among various groups of powers the following five are most frequently met with in the texts: 1 faith saddhā, 2 energy viriya, 3 awareness or mindfulness sati, 4 concentration …

…and insight see: samatha-vipassanā, are very often met with and explained in the Sutta, as well as in the Abhidhamma.

Tranquillity…

Bodhi: from verbal root budhi to awaken, to understand: awakening, enlightenment, supreme knowledge. Through Bodhi one awakens from the slumber or stupor inflicted upon the mind by the defilemen …

[[bodily postures]]Bodily postures: the 4: iriyā-patha

Covetousness: abhijjhā, further see: kamma-patha 1.

Fixity: see: niyama tathatā dhamma-tthiti-ñāna

[[foolish babble]]Foolish babble: sampha - ppalāpa see: kamma, kamma -pat ha I; cf. tiracchāna - kathā.

[[frivolous talk]]Frivolous talk: cf. tiracchāna - kathā kamma-patha I, 7, kamma.

[[gradual instruction]]Gradual instruction: Ānupubbīkathā

Iddhi: ‘power’, ‘magical power’. The magical powers constitute one of the 6 kinds of higher spiritual powers abhiññā. One distinguishes many kinds of magical powers: the power of determination * …

Iriyā-patha: lit. ‘ways of movement’: ‘bodily postures’, i.e. going, standing, sitting, lying. In the Satipatthāna-sutta see: satipatthāna…

…tranquillity meditation samatha - kammatthāna see. bhāvanā Often also the 4 immaterial spheres arūpāyatana are called absorptions of…

Papañca: Sanskrit prapañca In doctrinal usage, it signifies the expansion, differentiation, ‘diffuseness’ or ‘manifoldness’ of the world; and it may also refer to the ‘phenomenal world’ in gener …

Paramattha: sacca - vacana - Desanā ‘truth or term, exposition that is true in the highest or ultimate sense’, as contrasted with the ‘conventional truth’ vohāra - sacca which is also …

Paramī: Pāramitā: ‘perfection’. Ten qualities leading to Buddhahood: 1 perfection in giving or generosity; dāna - pāramī 2 morality sīla - p 3 renunciation nekkhamma - p 4 understan …

Pathavī-dhātu: ‘earth-element’ or ‘solid element’. It is cognizable through the sensations of pressure, touch, cold, heat. pain, etc. -…

Pathavī-kasina: ‘earth-kasina’ see: kasina

Patisambhidā: ‘analytical knowledge’ or ‘discrimination’, is of 4 kinds: analytical knowledge of the true meaning attha-patisambhidā of the law dhamma - patisambhidā, of language nirutti …

[[perfect one]]Perfect one: the: tathāgata

Postures: the 4 bodily: iriyāpatha

…however, any absorption is suitable. For details, see: samatha - vipassanā - App..

Pūjā: 1 honour, respect, homage, 2 worship, devotional observances, devotional offerings; also offerings to Bhikkhus.

1: The Mahā-mangala Sutta Sn. 259 says that;Honour and respect towards those …

Talk: low: tiracchāna - kathā

Tathatā: ‘Suchness’, designates the firmly fixed nature bhāva of all things whatever. The only passage in the Canon where the word occurs in…

Tathāgata-bala: the ‘ten powers of the Perfect One’; see: dasa - bala.

Tathāgata: the ‘Perfect One’, lit. the one who has ‘thus gone’, or ‘thus come’, is an epithet of the Buddha used by him when speaking of himself.

To the often asked questions, whether the Tathāga …

Tiracchāna-kathā: ‘low talk’, lit. ‘beastly talk’, is the name in the sutta-texts for the following:;Talk about kings and robbers, ministers and armies, danger and war, eating and drinking, clot …

Titthāyatana: the 3 ‘articles of heretical belief’. which in A. III, 61 are declared as leading to inactivity, are: 1 the belief that all happiness and woe are produced through former kamma prenat …

…has taken t. as his vehicle’:…

Ānantariya: Immediacy, is a name for that concentration of mind which is associated with the profound and shocking insight vipassanā that is present in any one of the 4 kinds of supra-mundane p …

Ānupubbī-kathā: ‘gradual instruction’, progressive teaching; given by the Buddha when it was necessary to first prepare the listener’s mind before speaking to him on the advanced teaching of the …

…three apply to both calm samatha and insight-meditation, while the fourth refers to pure insight praxis only. With attentive mind he breathes in,…

adjective not strong, weak, feeble Snp.1120 (= dubbala, appabala, appathāma Cnd.73); Dhp.29 (˚assa a weak horse = dubbalassa Dhp-a.i.262; opp. sīghassa a quick horse).

a + bala

…abbuha; C. explains by uddharatha)
aor abbahi Ja.v.198 (variant reading BB abbuhi), abbahī (metri causa) Ja.iii.390 (variant reading BB…

…abbuha; C. explains by uddharatha)
aor abbahi Ja.v.198 (variant reading BB abbuhi), abbahī (metri causa) Ja.iii.390 (variant reading BB…

the “special Dhamma,” i.e.

1. theory of the doctrine, the doctrine classified, the doctrine pure and simple (without any admixture of literary grace or of personalities, or of anecdotes, or of argume …

˚- the evening before, last night; ˚kālakata MN.i.170 = Ja.i.81; ˚gata gone last night Ja.vi.386 (hiyyo paṭhama-yāme C.).

1. sung for. Only in one phrase, gāthābhigītaṃ, that which is gained by singing or chanting verses (Ger. “ersungen”) SN.i.173; Snp.81 = Mil.228. See Snp-a.151.
2. resounding with filled with song (of …

talk, phrasing, expression Snp.49 (vācâbhilāpa making phrases, talking, idle or objectionable speech = tiracchanakathā Cnd.561); Iti.89 (? reading abhilāpāyaṃ uncertain, vv.ll. abhipāyaṃ abhipāpāyaṃ a …

to be disgusted with, to avoid, shun, turn away from Snp.281 (T. abhinibbijjayātha, variant reading BB˚ nibbijjiyātha & ˚nibbajjiyātha, Snp-a explains by vivajjeyyātha mā bhajeyyātha; variant reading …

created (by magic) Vv.16#1 (pañca rathā satā; cp. Vv-a.79).

abhi + nimmita, pp. of abhinimmināti

(-matta) destroying, hurting (?) at Vb.321 is expl^d. by āpātha-matta.

cp. Divy.125 śastrâbhinipāta splitting open or cutting with a knife

“settling in”, i.e. wishing for, tendency towards (-˚) inclination, adherence; as adj. liking, loving, being given or inclined to DN.iii.230; MN.i.136, MN.i.251; SN.ii.17; SN.iii.10 SN.iii.13, SN.iii …

to strew over, to cover (completely) DN.ii.137 (pupphāni Tathāgatassa sarīraṃ okiranti ajjhokiranti a.); Vv-a.38 (for abbhokirati Vv.5#9). pp. abhippakiṇṇa (q.v.).

abhi + pakirati

to sport, enjoy oneself, find pleasure in or with (c. loc.), to indulge in love Snp.718 Snp.1085; Ja.i.192; Ja.iii.189, Ja.iii.393; Dhp-a.i.119; Pv-a.3, Pv-a.61 Pv-a.145
ppr act. abhiranto onl …

adjective austere, stern, only in f. -ā (scil. kathā) AN.iii.117 sq.; AN.iv.352, AN.iv.357; AN.v.67.

abhi + sallekha + ika

Abhiññā¹

feminine Rare in the older texts. It appears in two contexts. Firstly, certain conditions are said to conduce (inter alia) to serenity, to special knowledge (abhiññā), to specia …

…at Pv-a.188 by attano pathabhūte addhani gaganatala-magge) This phrase (pathaddhan) however is expl^d. by Kern (Toev s. v….

wanderer, wayfarer, traveller DN-a.i.298 (= pathāvin), DN-a.i.270; Pv-a.78, Pv-a.127 (˚jana people travelling). Often comb^d. with kapaṇa beggar, tramp, as kapaṇaddhikā (pl.) tramps an …

…āyuṃ vindi C).

• -daratha exhaustion from travelling DN-a.i.287.
• -magga a (proper) road for…

…AN.iii.252.

• -samatha the settlings of questions that have arisen. There are seven rules for settling cases…

-adj. n. attention, direction of mind, concentration Snp.692 (adhimanasā bhavātha). (adj.) directing one’s mind upon, intent (on) Ja.iv.433 (= pasannacitta); Ja.v.29 (an˚; variant reading ˚māna).

adhi + mano

…Dhs. trsl. 340.

• -patha “process of synonymous nomenclature” (Mrs Rh. D.) DN.ii.68; SN.iii.71; Dhs.1306;…

kind of bird Ja.iv.466.

prob. = adaṃsa, from ḍasati to bite, cp. dāṭhā tooth; lit meaning “toothless” or “not biting”

Agga¹

adjective noun

1. (adj.)
   1. of time: the first, foremost Dpvs.iv.13 (saṅgahaṃ first collection). See cpds
   2. of space: the highest, topmost, Ja.i.52 (˚sākhā)
   3. of qual …

1. house or hut, usually implying the comforts of living at home as opp. to anagāra homelessness or the state of a homeless wanderer (mendicant). See anagāriyā
   ■ Thus freq. in two phrases con …

to address SN.iv.117 (gāthāhi); Kp v. = Snp.p.46 (gāthāya); Pv-a.56, Pv-a.90.

3^rd sg. aor. of adhibhāseti

…AN.iv.360 (cetosamatha), AN.iv.437 (vūpasantacitta); AN.v.79 sq. AN.v.335 sq. (sati); Iti.39 (cetosamatha inward peace), Iti.80, Iti.82,…

to be bound to, to be attached, bent on; to desire, cleave to, indulge in. Fut. ajjhosissati (does it belong here?) MN.i.328 (c. acc. paṭhaviṃ, better as ajjhesati). grd. ajjhositabha MN.i.109 (+ …

Akkha¹

the axle of a wheel DN.ii.96; SN.v.6; AN.i.112; Ja.i.109, Ja.i.192; Ja.v.155 (akkhassa phalakaṃ yathā; C.: suvaṇṇaphalakaṃ viya, i.e. shiny, like the polished surface of an axle …

adjective relating, narrating Ja.iii.535; lokakkhāyikā kathā talk about nature-lore DN.i.8; Mil.316.

Amata¹

neuter

1. The drink of the gods, ambrosia, water of immortality, (cp BSk. amṛta-varṣa “rain of Ambrosia” Jtm.221).
2. A general conception of a state of durability & non-change a …

adjective without guile, not deceiving, honest DN.iii.47 (asaṭha +), DN.iii.55 (id.), DN.iii.237; Dhp-a.i.69 (asaṭhena a.).

a + māyāvin, cp. amāya

wind Ja.iv.119 (˚patha air, sky); Mil.181; Vv-a.237; Sdhp.594.

from an, cp. Sk. aniti to breathe, cp. Gr. α ̓́νεμος wind; Lat. animus…

…& the pleonastic use of patha.; -ananta (n.) no end, infinitude; (adj.) endless, corresponds either to Sk anta or antya,…

to disappear Snp.449 (˚dhāyatha 3^rd sg. med.); Vv.81#28 (id.); Ja.i.119 = Dhp-a.i.248; Dhp-a.iv.191 (ppr. ˚dhāyamāna & aor. dhāyi)…

adverb prep. (c. gen. acc. or loc.), pref. (˚-) and adv. “in between” (of space & time), midway, inside; during meanwhile, between. On interpretation of term see DN-a.i.34 sq

1. (prep.) c. ac …

Anu¹

indeclinable prep. & pref

A.

As prep. anu is only found occasionally, and here its old (Vedic) function with acc. is superseded by the loc. Traces of …

orig. meaning “experience, concomitance” and found only in compounds as-˚, in meaning “experiencing the sensation of or belonging to, experience of, accordance with”, e.g. maha˚ sensation of greatnes …

“according to taste”, i.e. satisfaction, thanks, esp. after a meal or after receiving gifts = to say grace or benediction, blessing, thanksgiving. In latter sense with dadāti (give thanks for = loca …

…round, encircling, in -patha the path leading or going round the city DN.ii.83 = SN.iv.194 = AN.v.195; AN.iv.107.

adjectivised ger. of…

succession; as adv. in order, successively DN-a.i.277 (kathā = anupubbikathā) Dhp-a.iii.340 (anupaṭipāṭiyā = anupubbena); Vism.244.

anu + paṭipāti

acting in turn, gradation, succession Vv.64#14 (= anukūla kiriyā i.e. as it pleases Vv-a.280) cp. ānupubbatā. Anupubbi-katha

fr. anupubba

Anupubbi-kathā

feminine a gradual instruction, graduated sermon regulated exposition of the ever higher values of four subjects (dāna-kathā, sīla˚, sagga˚, magga˚) i.e. charity righteousness, the h …

connection, (logical) conclusion, application DN-a.i.122 (where 3 kinds are enumerated, viz. pucchā˚, ajjhāsayā˚, yathā˚); Ne.14 (pucchato; Hard., in Index “complete cessation”?!). Esp. freq in (Jā …

to remember, recollect, have memory of (acc.), bear in mind; be aware of DN.ii.8, DN.ii.53, DN.ii.54 (jātito etc.); SN.iii.86 sq. (pubbenivāsaṃ), SN.v.67 (dhammaṃ a. anuvitakketi), 303 (kappasahassaṃ) …

1. to advise, admonish, instruct in or give advice upon (c. acc.) to exhort to Vin.i.83; DN.i.135; DN.ii.154; Dhp.77, Dhp.159 (aññaṃ); Ja.vi.368; Cp.i.10#3; Pv.ii.6#8; Pv-a.148
   grd anusāsiya V …

to know thoroughly, to find out, to trace, to come to know; inf -vijjitiṃ Ja.iii.506; ger. -viditvā Snp-a.431, also -vijja vicca; (see both under anuvicca); grd. ananuvejja not to be known …

adjective not fallen into the way of (the hunter), escaped him MN.i.174.

an + āpātha + gata

…eva kāmāni = viddhaṃseyyatha C.). Here belong prob. aor 3^rd pl. apaciyiṃsu (to be read for upacciṃsu) at Ja.vi.187 (akkhīni…

…remove MN.i.96 = AN.i.198 (kathaṃ bahiddhā a. carry outside) Kp.viii.4 (= aññaṃ ṭhānaṃ gameti Kp-a.220). 2. [= Sk. ava-namati] to…

adjective another, i.e. additional, following next, second (with pron. inflexion, i.e. nom. pl apare) DN.iii.190 (˚pajā another, i.e. future generation) Snp.791, Snp.1089 (n’); Ja.i.59 (aparaṃ divasaṃ …

…api me pitaraṃ passatha do you then not see my father? Pv-a.38
■ Also comb^d. with other interr. part. e.g. *[api…

not to disturb, shake or break (fig.) Ja.v.173 (uposathaṃ).

a + paṭikopeti

adjective noun Before Buddhism used as honorific title of high officials like the English ʻHis Worship’; at the rise of Buddhism applied popularly to all ascetics (Dial. iii.3–⁠6). Adopted by the Bu …

adjective only in nt. “that which does not need to be guarded against”, what one does not need to heed, superfluous to beware of AN.iv.82 (cattāri Tathāgatassa a˚ āni).

3 arakkheyyāni are enumerated …

adjective not to be guarded, viz.

1. impossible to watch (said of women folk) Ja.ii.326 (a. nāma itthiyo); Ja.iii.90 (mātugāmo nāma a.)
2. unnecessary to be guarded Vin.ii.194 (Tathāgatā).

a + rakk …

…(ī); Dhp-a.ii.246; -mathana rubbing of firewood Ja.vi.209
■ Note. The reading at Pv-a.211 araṇiyehi devehi sadisa-vaṇṇa is…

…(ī); Dhp-a.ii.246; -mathana rubbing of firewood Ja.vi.209
■ Note. The reading at Pv-a.211 araṇiyehi devehi sadisa-vaṇṇa is…

…noble Ja.v.87

• -uposatha the ideal feast day (as one of 3) AN.i.205 sq., AN.i.212
• -kanta loved by…

adjective without guile, not fraudulent, honest DN.iii.47, DN.iii.55, DN.iii.237; Dhp-a.i.69.

a + saṭha

…a horse Ja.vi.515 (+ arathaka).

assa³ + ka

Assaka²

adjective not having one’s own, poor, destitute MN.i.450;…

…Mil.166
■ assatarī-ratha a chariot drawn by she-mules Vv.20#3, Vv.20#8 (T. assatarī ratā = Vv.43#8 ; Pv.i.11#1 (= assatariyutta ratha…

adjective impure, unpleasant, bad, ugly, nasty; nt. ˚ṃ nastiness, impurity. Cp. on term and the Asubha-meditation, as well as on the 10 asubhas or offensive objects Dhs. trsl. 70 and Cpd. 121 n. …

…the (magic formulas of the) Atharvaveda Ja.vi.490 (sâthabbaṇa = sahatthivejja, with the elephant-healer or doctor) See also…

…Snp.985; Pv.ii.3#20; Kp-a.166.

Sk. atho, atha + u

…occurring in imper. aticchatha (bhante) “please go on, Sir”, asking a bhikkhu to seek alms elsewhere, thus refusing a gift in a civil way….

…bhattusu).

• -kilamatha self-mortification DN.iii.113; SN.iv.330; SN.v.421; MN.iii.230. *…

Attha¹

(also aṭṭha, esp. in combinations mentioned under 3) masculine & neuter

1. interest, advantage, gain; (moral) good blessing, welfare; profit, prosperity, well-b …

adverb the prep. ava in adv. use, down, downward; in C. often expl^d. by adho. Rarely absolute, the only passage found so far being Snp.685 (avaṃ sari he went down, variant …

adjective not miserable, fortunate Ja.iii.466 (= akilamāna C.).

a + vyatha, cp. Sk. vyathā misfortune

Ayo & Aya

neuter iron. The nom. ayo found only in set of 5 metals forming an alloy of gold (jātarūpa), viz ayo, loha (copper), tipu (tin), *sīsa …

…asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ kathaṃ pecca na socati Snp.185; cp. also Dhp.220, Dhp.410; Ja.i.168; Ja.iii.53 2. It refers to *what immediately…

Ayo & Aya

neuter iron. The nom. ayo found only in set of 5 metals forming an alloy of gold (jātarūpa), viz ayo, loha (copper), tipu (tin), *sīsa …

1. change, alteration SN.iii.37; SN.iv.40; AN.i.153; AN.iii.66; Kv.227 (= jarā C, cp Kvu trsl. 55 n. 2); Mil.209.
2. difference Ja.i.147; Iti.11.
3. erroneous supposition, mistake Vin.ii.2; SN.iii.9 …

…mistake Vv.44#18; anaññatha (nt.) certainty, truth Pts.ii.104 (= tatha).

• -bhāva 1 a different existence AN.ii.10;…

…Thag-a.288; Sdhp.83 fig. rathassa angapaccangan MN.i.395; sabbanga-paccangāni all limbs Mil.148 2. distributively (cp. similar redupl….

…& cp. anga 2), of; uposatha the fast-day AN.i.215; Snp.402 (Snp-a.378 explains ekam pi divasaṃ apariccajanto…

Bala¹

neuter

1. strength power, force DN.ii.73; AN.i.244; Thag.188; Dhp.109 (one of the 4 blessings, viz. āyu, vaṇṇa, sukha, bala; cp Dhp-a.ii.239); Pv.i.5#12 (= kāya-bala Pv-a.30); Pv …

1. binding, bond, fetter Vin.i.21; DN.i.226, DN.i.245 (pañca kāmaguṇā); DN.iii.176; MN.ii.44; SN.i.8, SN.i.24 (Māra˚), SN.i.35, SN.i.40, SN.iv.201 sq. (5 fold) to bind the king of the Devas or Asuras, …

adjective to be carried, kept or sustained AN.iii.46 (= a dependant) Ja.iv.301 (C. bharitabba). As Kern.

Toevoegselen

s. v. bhacca points out this gāthā “bhaccā mātā pitā bandhū, yena jāto sa ye …

…of an uncontrolled car (ratha or yāna) Dhp.222 (ratha = ativegena dhāvanta Dhp-a.iii.301); (yāna = adanta akārita aviṇīta Mnd.145)…

…maintain Ja.v.260 (mama bharatha, ahaṃ bhattā bhavāmi vo; C. explains as “maṃ icchatha”)
pp bhata See also bhaṭa,…

speech, conversation, way of talking, disputation Snp.328 (variant reading for hassa); Iti.71; Mil.90; Vism.127 (grouped into fit talk as the 10 kathā-vatthus, and unfit talk or gossip, as the 32 tir …

…(cp. pabhassittha Vin.ii.135), & abhassittha SN.i.122 (so read for abhassatha)
pp bhaṭṭha¹.

bhranś, Sk. bhraśyate

…a); Pv-a.76.

• -kilamatha fatigue after eating Snp-a.58 (cp. ˚sammada).
• -gāma a village giving…

adjective

1. devoted?
2. discerning, analytical, perspicacious? Thag.370; Com. has: yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā tattha bhattimā nāma.

from bhatti

…2^nd pl. bhavatha Ja.ii.218, bhavātha Snp.692; Dhp.144; hotha Dhp.243; Dhp.ii.141; Ja.ii.302; Dhp-a.i.57; 3^rd pl….

…bhanga, which occurs already Atharva-veda xi.6.15 (see Zimmer. Altind. Leben 68) also Av. baṃha, Polish pienka hemp. On its possible etym….

…yathā bhataṃ.

• -patha service, employment, salary Vin.iv.265; Snp-a.542.

cp. Epic & Class. Sk. bhaṭa, fr, dial.;…

…cp. phrase abhejjantyā pathavyā Ja.vi.508, which is difficult to explain (not breaking? for abhijjantī after abhejja & abhedi, and…

…Mnd.503; Dhp-a.i.125 (kathaṃ bh. to break a promise) Sdhp.47
ppr bhindanto Mhvs.5, Mhvs.185
pot bhinde Vism.36…

…(bh. taṇhā pavaḍḍhatha); Dhp.313 (bh. rajan ākirate), Dhp.349 (bh. taṇhā pavaḍḍhati). 2. (adv.) in a higher degree, more,…

adjective only in cpd. yathā-bhuccaṃ (nt. adv.) as it is, that which really is, really (= yathā bhūtaṃ) Thig.143. See under yathā.

ger. of bhū in composition, c …

…yathā-bhuttaṃ bhuñjatha “eat according to eating,” i.e. as ought to be eaten, eating in moderation DN.ii.173 (where Rh. D., Dial.…

Bhuñjati¹

to eat (in general), to enjoy, make use of, take advantage of, use Snp.102, Snp.240, Snp.259, Snp.619; Dhp.324 Pp.55.
pot bhuñjeyya Snp.400; Dhp.308, 2^nd pl *bhuñj …

• -sakuṇa a bird of prey, a vulture [Abhp. 645, 1049]; as one of the lucky omens enumerated (under the so-called mangala-kathā) at Kp-a.118 (with variant reading SS. cāta˚ & vā …

…(saññā˚); Ne.91 (samatha-vipassanaṃ); Vb.12 Vb.16 sq., Vb.199, Vb.325; Vism.130 (karaṇa, bhāvanā, rakkhaṇa; here bh. = bringing…

…2^nd pl bhāyatha Ud.51; Ja.iii.4;
pot 3^rd sg. bhāye Snp.964; bhāyeyya Mil.208; 3^rd pl….

Bhāṇaka¹

adjective noun speaking; (n.) a reciter, repeater, preacher (of sections of the Scriptures), like Aṅguttara˚; Vism.74 sq.; Dīgha˚; DN-a.i.15, DN-a.i.131; Ja.i.59 Vism.36, Vi …

1. (lit.) ground, soil, earth Vin.ii.175; Snp.418 (yāna carriage road); Pv.i.10#14≈; Snp-a.353 (heṭṭhā-bhūmiyaṃ under the earth); Dhp-a.i.414 (id., opp. upari-bhūmiyaṃ)
2. place, quarter, district …

Bhūri¹

feminine the earth; given as name for the earth (paṭhavi) at Pts.ii.197; see also def. at Dhs-a.147. Besides these only in 2 doubtful compounds, both resting on demonology, viz. *b …

grown, become; born, produced; nature as the result of becoming. The (exegetical) definition by Bdhgh of the word bhūta is interesting. He (at MN-a.i.31) distinguishes the foll. 7 …

Bila¹

neuter a hole, den, cave AN.ii.33 = SN.iii.85; Thag.189 Mnd.362; Ja.i.480; Ja.ii.53; Ja.vi.574 (= guhā C.); Mil.151 Sdhp.23
■ kaṇṇa˚; orifice of the ear Vism.195; vammīka˚; ant …

…centre of the world (cp. pathavī-nābhi mahā-bodhimaṇḍo Mbvs.79). It is also spoken of as Mahābodhi (e.g. Ja.iv.228; Vism.403)
■…

…SN.i.181; SN.iv.118. -patha the way to the Br. world or the way to the highest good SN.i.141; AN.iii.346; Thag.689 Cp….

…SN.i.181; SN.iv.118. -patha the way to the Br. world or the way to the highest good SN.i.141; AN.iii.346; Thag.689 Cp….

Buddha¹

adjective

1. understood SN.i.35 = SN.i.60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand)
2. having attained enlightenment, wise AN.iv.449; Pv-a.16 (buddh’ ādayo), Pv-a.60 (= ari …

…3^rd sg. abujjhatha Bv.vii.22
ppr bujjhamāna Snp.395; Bv.vii.22; Dhp-a.i.93
pp…

…+ patha (cp. cpds vacana-patha & vāda-patha), thus “way of speaking.”

so for byappattha; according to Kern,

Toevoegselen

s. v. the…

adjective

1. external, outside (opp. abbhantara inside) outer, foreign DN.ii.75; AN.iv.16; Dhp.394 (fig. in meaning of 2); Ja.i.125 (antara˚ inside & outside); Ja.i.337 (out o …

adjective outsider, non-religious, non-Buddhist, heretic profane SN.ii.267; AN.i.73; AN.iii.107; Kv.172 (isayo) Vv-a.67 (itthi).

• -kathā unreligious discussion, profane story …

1. abundance, superfluity, great quantity MN.i.171; AN.iv.87 (˚kathā) AN.iv.87; Pts.i.197; Ja.i.81.
2. luxurious living, swaggering, puffed up frame of mind Vin.i.9, Vin.i.59, Vin.i.209; Vin.ii.197; V …

…ii.281); Vin.iii.96 iriyāpatha˚ the 4 ways of behaviour, the various positions (standing, walking, sitting, lying down) DN-a.i.249 Sdhp.604….

…Dhs.703, Dhs.817

• -patha the range of vision; sight Ja.i.65 = Dhp-a.i.173; Ja.i.146; Ja.iv.189, Ja.iv.378, Ja.iv.403 (=…

…artisan Ja.iv.174 (= rathakāra); Also as -kārin Pv-a.175 (= rathakārin);

• -khaṇḍa an…

…who then knows? Snp.990; kathañ carahi jānemu how then shall we know? Snp.999; kiñ c. AN.v.194
■ Vin.i.36; Vin.ii.292; Snp.988;…

to move about, to “live and move,” to behave, to be
imper act. cara (Ja.i.152), carā (metri causa, Ja.iii.393); imper. med. carassu (Snp.696), pl. carāmase (= exhortative, Snp.32); -ppr. caranto …

…Thag-a.68; -mahāpatha a crossing on a high-road Vism.235. -mahābhūtika consisting of the four great elements…

…nesādā veṇā rathakārā pukkusā at AN.i.107 = AN.ii.85 = Pp.51 As caṇḍāla-pukkusā with the four recognized grades of…

…(tatra ce tumhe assatha kupitā DN.i.3), or Potential (passe ce vipulaṃ sukhaṃ Dhp.290)
■ Always enclitic (like Lat. que) & as a…

adjective belonging to ceto, mental (opp. kāyika physical). Kāyikaṃ sukhaṃ → cetasikaṃ s. AN.i.81; SN.v.209; kāyikā darathā → c. d. MN.iii.287, MN.iii.288; c. duk khaṃ DN.ii.306; A …

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

1. impulse, excitement; intention, resolution, will desire for, wish for, delight in (c. loc.). Explained at Vism.466 as “kattu-kāmatāy” adhivacanaṃ; by Dhtp.587 & Dhtm.821 as; chand = icchāyaṃ …

…vicikicchaṃ, vanathaṃ, etc.) Freq. in similes: see J.P.T.S. 1907, 88

Forms

1. chid: aor acchidā Snp.357, as…

…Pv-a.174; -iriyāpatha unable to walk, i.e. a cripple Vin.i.91; -kaṇṇa without ears…

Cinteti & ceteti

Forms

1. cint:
   pres cinteti
   pot cinteyya;
   ppr cintento & cintayanto (Snp.834)
   aor cintesi, 3rd pl. cintesuṃ (Ja.i.149), acintayuṃ (Snp.258)
   ger ci …

…SN.i.226 (b); Dhp.151 (rājaratha); Pv.i.10#9 (vimāna).

-akkhara (adj.) with beautiful vowels SN.ii.267 (Cp ˚vyañjana);…

thief, a robber Vin.i.74, Vin.i.75, Vin.i.88, Vin.i.149; SN.ii.100, SN.ii.128 = AN.ii.240; SN.ii.188 (gāmaghāta, etc.); SN.iv.173; MN.ii.74 = Thag.786; AN.i.48; AN.ii.121 sq.; AN.iv.92, AN.iv.278; Snp …

Culla & cūḷa

adjective small, minor (opp mahā great, major), often in conn. with names & titles of books, e.g. c˚ Anāthapiṇḍika = A jr. Ja.ii.287, cp Anglo-Indian chota sahīb the younger gentleman ( …

1. abandoning, giving up, renunciation. Vin.i.10 SN.iii.13 SN.iii.26 SN.iii.158 MN.i.486 AN.i.299 More frequently as
2. liberality, generosity, munificence (n.) generous munificent (adj.): sīlasampann …

…ambu˚ Snp.62; vihangapatha˚ Sdhp.241; sapadāna˚ MN.i.30; Snp.65; pariyanta˚ Snp.904. 2. fig. anudhamma˚ Snp.69; āgu˚ AN.ii.240;…

Cātur˚

(and cātu˚) consisting of four. Only in compounds viz.

• -(r)anta (adj.) “of four ends,” i.e. covering or belonging to the 4 points of the compass, all-encircling, Ep of the earth: Ja.ii. …

Culla & cūḷa

adjective small, minor (opp mahā great, major), often in conn. with names & titles of books, e.g. c˚ Anāthapiṇḍika = A jr. Ja.ii.287, cp Anglo-Indian chota sahīb the younger gentleman ( …

to give, etc.

I. Forms

The foll. bases form the Pāli verb-system: dā, dāy, dadā & di.

1. Bases dā & (reduced); da
   1. dā˚: fut. dassati Ja.i.113, Ja.i.279 Ja.i …

adjective

1. right (opp vāma left), with a tinge of the auspicious, lucky prominent: Vin.ii.195 (hattha); Pv-a.112, Pv-a.132 (id.) Pts.i.125. hattha, pāda, etc. with ref. to a Tathāgata’s body); Ja …

…as indriya-damena uposatha-kammena), DN.iii.147, DN.iii.229; SN.i.4, SN.i.29, SN.i.168 = Snp.463 (saccena danto damasā upeto); SN.iv.349;…

taming, subduing, mastery, restraint, control MN.i.235; DN.iii.54 (+ samatha); Dhp.35 (cittassa d.); Pv-a.265; Dpvs.vi.36.

Sk. damatha

Danta¹

a tooth, a tusk, fang, esp. an elephant’s tusk; ivory Vin.ii.117 (nāga-d. a pin of ivory); Kp ii. (as one of the taca-pañcaka, or 5 dermatic constituents of the body, viz. kesā, l …

…Ja.iv.61; Vv.83#8 (= daratha Vv-a.327); Pv.i.8#5 (= citta-daratha Pv-a.41)
■ sadara giving pain, fearful, painful…

…& cetasikā d.); Snp.15 (darathajā: the Arahant has nought in him born of care C^y explains by pariḷāha…

Dasa¹

the number ten; gen dasannaṃ (Dhp.137); instr. dasahi (Kp iii.) & dasabhi (Vin.i.38). In compounds (-˚) also as ḷasa (soḷasa 16) rasa (terasa 13; pannar˚ 15; aṭṭhār˚ 18).

I. *M …

1. Lit. seeing, looking; noticing; sight of, appearance, look. Often equivalent to an infinitive “to see,” esp. as dat. dassanāya in order to see, for the purpose of seeing (cp. dassana-kāma = da …

ra; (on ṇ: l cp. guṇa: guḷa etc.) to *del as in Sk. dala, dalati. Cp. Lat. dolare to cut, split, work in wood; delere to destroy; Gr.δαίδαλον work of art; Mhg. zelge twig; zol a stick Possibly also …

…saw) MN.i.129 = MN.i.189; ratha˚; the flag-staff of a chariot Mil.27; veṇu˚; a jungle rope Ja.iii.204
■ See also kudaṇḍaka a…

large tooth, tusk, fang Mil.150 (˚visa).

cp. dāṭhā

…Vism.197.

• -uposatha a day of devotion to the gods AN.i.211;
• -paribhoga fit to be enjoyed…

…vilepana, 12 seyya, 13 āvasatha 14 padīpeyya. A similar enumⁿ in diff. order is found at Mnd.373.

Sk. deya, grd. of dā, see…

…bhikkhu na evarūpiṃ kathaṃ kattā hoti: na tvaṃ imaṃ Dh-v˚ṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ Dh-v˚ṃ ājānāmi etc. SN.iii.12; imaṃ…

adjective lawful, according to the Dh. or the rule; proper, fit, right permitted, legitimate, justified; righteous, honourable of good character, just, esp. an attr. of a righteous King (rājā cakkavat …

in ˚kathā see dhamma².

wealth, usually wealth of money, riches, treasures

1. Lit. DN.i.73 (sa˚); MN.ii.180.; AN.iii.222; AN.iv.4 sq. Cnd.135 (+ yasa, issariya etc.) Thig.464 (+ issariya) Ja.i.225 (paṭhavigataṃ karoti: …

to wash, cleanse DN.i.93 (dhopetha, imper.; variant reading B dhovatḥa), DN.i.124 (dhopeyya; variant reading B. dhoveyya).

a variant of dhovati, taken as Caus. formation

(& Dhūta)

1. shaken, moved Dāvs v.49 (vāta˚).
2. lit. “shaken off,” but always explained in the commentaries as “one who shakes off” either cvil dispositions (kilese), or obstacles to spiritual pro …

…back, restrain Vin.iv.261 (kathaṃ dhāretha how do you suppress or conceal pregnancy?); Dhp.222 (kodhaṃ). 3. to bear in mind know by heart,…

…Iti.45
■ as 6 (pathavī etc. + ākāsa & viññāṇa˚): DN.iii.247; AN.i.175 sq.; MN.iii.31, MN.iii.62, MN.iii.240; Pts.i.136; Vb.82…

…atināmeti); Ja.iii.52 (uposatha˚); Pv-a.31 (yāva sattadivasā a week long), Pv-a.74 (sattamo divaso) Usually in oblique cases adverbially,…

Diṭṭha¹

1. seen; a˚ not seen DN.i.222 (a˚ + avedita asacchikata); MN.i.3 sq. (diṭṭhaṃ diṭṭhato sañjānāti); Snp.147 (diṭṭhā vā ye vā addiṭṭhā), Snp.995 (na me diṭṭho ito pubbe na ssuto… Sat …

…Suffering (see above I.): kathaṃ dukkhā pamuccati Snp.170; dukkhā pamuccati SN.i.14; SN.iii.41, SN.iii.150; SN.iv.205 SN.v.451; na hi putto…

adjective noun

1. twofold Snp.886 (saccaṃ musā ti dvayadhammaṃ); Dhp.384; Pv.iv.1#29 (dvayaṃ vipākaṃ = duvidhaṃ Pv-a.228)- advaya single AN.v.46
2. false, deceitful Vin.iii.21-nt. a duality, a p …

1. a double, i.e. a branching road; a cross-road Dhp-a.ii.192; Mil.17.
2. doubt Dhp.282; Dhs.1004, Dhs.1161 Vism.313

cp. dvidhā & dvi B I.5

…-patha a “double” path, a border path, the boundary between two villages Vv.53#17 (-sīmantika-patha Vv-a.241);…

…a crossing; only fig. doubt SN.iii.108; MN.i.142, MN.i.144; Ud.90. See also dvedhāpatha.

Sk. dvidhā, see…

…gandha-vilepana seyyāvasatha padīpeyya (bread water, clothes, vehicle, garlands, scented ointment conveniences for lying down & *dwelliṅg,…

…(= ghora), Pv-a.159 (sapatha a terrible oath ghora), Pv-a.181 (= kurūrin), Pv-a.221 (˚kāraṇa); Sdhp.5, Sdhp.78, Sdhp.286.

Ved….

large tooth, fang, tusk; as adj. (-˚) having tusks or fangs DN.ii.18 (susukkha˚); Ja.i.505 (uddhaṭa-dāṭho viya sappo); Ja.iv.245 (nikkhanta˚); Dhp-a.i.215; Pv-a.152 (kaṭhina˚); Sdhp.286.

• *-[āv …

adjective such, such like, of this kind DN.ii.157; Snp.588, Snp.681, Snp.836; Pv.i.9#4; Pv.iv.1#86 (= edisa yathā-vutta-rūpa Pv-a.243); Pv-a.ii.71.

etad + disa, of dṛś, cp. Sk. etādṛśa

…kahaṃ gacchissatha id. Ja.ii.128; kuhiṃ gamissati where is he going Snp.411, Snp.412. 4. with acc. or substitute: to go to, to have…

the possessor of a house, the head of the household pater familias (freq. + seṭṭhi).

1. In formulas
   1. as regards social standing, wealth & clanship: a man of private (i.e. not official) life, cl …

1. adjective deep, profound, unfathomable, well founded, hard to perceive difficult
   1. lit. of lakes: Dhp.83; Pv.ii.1#19 (= agādha) Pp.46; of a road (full of swamps) Ja.i.196
   2. fig of knowledge …

adjective being on a “gati,” only at Snp.587 in “aññe pi passe gamine yathākamm’ ûpage nare.”

…SN.iii.252 Cnd.523 = Iti.65..Out of this enumeration g˚-m˚-v˚-Pv ii.3#16;…

…bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland…

…bind, fasten together: kathaṃ mittāni ganthati “how does he bind friends” SN.i.214; Snp.185; mālaṃ ganthamāna tying a garland…

adjective finding fault with, rebuking; in paṭhavī˚ āpa˚, etc., combined w. paṭhavī-jigucchaka, etc. (disgusted w. the great elements) MN.i.327.

…strive after Dhp.146 (gavessatha), Dhp.153; Thag.183; Cnd.2, Cnd.70, Cnd.427; Ja.i.4, Ja.i.61; Mil.326; Pv-a.187, Pv-a.202 (aor. gavesi =…

counter, one skilled in counting familiar with arithmetic; an accountant, overseer or calculator. enumerated as an occupation together with muddika at DN.i.51 (expl DN-a.i.157 by acchidda-pāṭhaka); …

…MN.i.85 MN.iii.1 (˚ājīva); DN-a.i.157. -gaṇana-patha (time-) reckoning, period of time Mil.20, Mil.116.

Ghana¹

1. (adj.) solid, compact, massive; dense, thick; in eka˚ of one solid mass (of sela, rock) Vin.i.185 = Dhp.81 = Thag.643; Mil.386; AN.iii.378, cp. ghanasela-pabbata Dhp-a.i.74-gh. …

…Pv.iv.1#8. Of an oath (sapatha Pv.i.6#8; Pv.ii.12#16
■ ghorassara of a terrible cry (Ep. of an ass) Mil.363, Mil.365.

Vedic ghora, orig….

I.

(sg.) heat, in special application to the atmosphere: hot part (of the day or year), hot season, summer; a summer month. Always used in loc. as a designation of time.

1. of the day: Vv-a …

brick, in -āvasatha a house of bricks, as N pl. “the Brick Hall” DN.i.91; Vin.i.232; MN.i.205.

…SN.iv.181; AN.i.205 (-˚uposatha); Mil.18, Mil.48; Vism.279 (in comparison); Dhp-a.iii.59; -pitā “father (protector of the cows” = gavaṃ…

…MN.ii.20, MN.ii.33 kathaṃ˚ of what lineage, or: what is your family name DN.i.92; nānā˚ (pl.) of various families Pv.ii.9#16
■…

Guṇa¹

1. a string, a cord-
   1. of a robe, etc., in (kāya-bandhanaṃ) saguṇaṃ katvā to make tight by tying with a knot Vin.i.46 (Vin. Texts: “laying the garments on top of each other,” …

to stand fast, to be on firm ground, to have a firm footing: āpo ca paṭhavī ca tejo vāyo na gādhati “the four elements have no footing DN.i.223 = SN.i.15
■ Dhamma-Vinaye gādhati “to stand fast in t …

…double acc. mahājanaṃ kathaṃ g˚ made people believe your words Ja.ii.416; cetake kasā g. made the servants seize their whips Ja.iii.281….

collection of houses, a hamlet (cp. Ger. gemeinde), a habitable place (opp. arañña: gāme vā yadi vâraññe Snp.119), a parish or village having boundaries & distinct from the surrounding country (gāmo c …

Err:501

verse, stanza, line of poetry, usually referring to an Anuṭṭhubbaṃ or a Tuṭṭhubbaṃ, & called a catuppādā gāthā, a stanza (śloka) of four half-lines AN.ii.178; Ja.iv.395 Def. as akkhara-padaniya-mit …

to sing, to recite, often comb w. naccati to dance; ppr. gāyanto, gāyamāna & gīyamāna (Vin.i.38); imper. gāhi (Ja.iii.507); fut. gāyissati grd. gāyitabba. Vin.ii.108 (dhammaṃ), Vin.i …

…Ja.v.254;
■ pret. ahīratha Ja.v.253;
grd haritabba Ja.i.187 Ja.i.281
pp haṭa
caus…

an elephant Vin.i.218, Vin.i.352; Vin.ii.194 sq (Nālāgiri) = Ja.v.335 (nom. sg. hatthī; gen. hatthissa) DN.i.5; AN.ii.209; Ja.i.358; Ja.ii.102; Dhp-a.i.59 (correct haṭṭhi!), Dhp-a.i.80 (acc. pl. hat …

Haṭa¹

taken, carried off Vin.iv.23; Ja.i.498. haṭa-haṭa-kesa with dishevelled hair SN.i.115.

pp. of harati

Haṭa²

a kind of water-plant, Pistia stratiotes DN.i.166; MN.i. …

violence.

only as lexicogr. word; Dhtp.101 = balakkāra

an astrologer Mhvs.35, Mhvs.71.

late Sk. horā “hour” (in astrol. literature, fr. Gr. ω ̔́ρα: cp. Winternitz, Gesch. d. Ind. Lit. iii.569 sq.) + pāṭhaka, i.e. expert

fire-wood - Tela-kaṭāha-gāthā, p. 53, J.P.T.S. 1884.

Sk. idhma, see etym. under iṭṭhakā

…samatā (variant reading samatha) AN.iii.375 sq. (see also f. below ˚āni bhāvitāni Snp.516 (= cakkh’ ādīni cha i. Snp-a.426) Cnd.475…

…way of deportment; mode of movement; good behaviour. There are 4 iriyāpathas or postures, viz. walking,…

indeclinable here, in this world (or “thus, in such a way”) only in cpd. -bhāv’ aññathā-bhāva such an (i.e. earthly existence and one of another kind, or existence here (in this life) and in anoth …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

Itthi & Itthī

feminine woman female; also (usually as-˚) wife. Opp. purisa man (see e.g. for contrast of itthi and purisa Ja.v.72, Ja.v.398; Ne.93; Dhp-a.i.390; Pv-a.153)
■ SN.i.33 (nibbānass’ e …

…kuto˚, khandha˚, jala˚ daratha˚, dāru˚, di˚, puthuj˚, pubba˚, yoni˚, vāri˚ saha˚, sineha˚.

adj
■ suffix from jan, see…

inhabited country, the country (opp. town or market-place), the continent politically: a province, district, county DN.i.136 (opp nigama); DN.ii.349; AN.i.160, AN.i.178; Snp.422, Snp.683, Snp.995, Sn …

(& jappa vv.ll.)

1. muttering, mumbling.; recitation AN.iii.56 = Ja.iii.205 (+ manta); Snp.328 (jappa (= niratthaka-kathā Snp-a.334).
2. studying Ja.iii.114 (= ajjhena).

fr. japati

the belly Mil.175. Jannu(ka)

Vedic jaṭhara, to *gelt = *gelbh (see gabbha), cp. Goth. kilpei uterus, Ags. cild = E. child

adjective one who dislikes or disapproves of MN.i.327 (paṭhavī˚, āpa˚ etc.) Mil.343.

…kālantarena jānissatha you will see in time Pv-a.13; ajānanto unawares, unsuspecting Ja.i.223; ajānamāna id. Pv.ii.3#14. 2. Trs. to…

…Veṇa, Nesāda, Rathakāra & Pukkusa; and ukkaṭṭhā j. (superior birth), comprising Khattiyas Brāhmaṇas
■ The var….

…& some adv. forms like kathaṃ, kadā kahaṃ, etc.

1. 1. ka˚; nom. m. ko Snp.173, Snp.765, Snp.1024;…

…gīveyyaṃ paṭimuñcatha). 3. belt loin-or waist-cloth (cp. next) Vin.ii.319; Ja.v.306 (= saṃvelli); Mil.36; Dhp-a.i.389.

derivation…

1. rough, hard, harsh (lit. & fig.) Dhs.648 (opp.; muduka Dhs.962 (rūpaṃ paṭhavīdhātu: kakkhalaṃ kharagataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo); Vism.349 (= thaddha), Vism.591, Vism.592 (˚ …

…consisting of dāna, uposathakamma & dasakusalakammapathā Ja.iii.342;

• -paṭibhāṇa of happy retort, of good…

1. (nt.) going, proceeding course, step, way, manner, e.g. sabbatth’âvihatakkama “having a course on all sides unobstructed Sdhp.425; vaḍḍhana˚ process of development Bdhd 96 paṭiloma˚ (going) the opp …

…k˚-ṭṭhāna k˚-patha; k˚lakkhaṇa k˚-samādāna.

3. (Interaction)
   1. in subjective relation.
      1. character of interaction…

…a merchant, trader, in jalapatha˚; and thalapatha˚; by sea & by land Ja.i.121 3. a superintendent, overseer, manager Ja.ii.305 (executioner of…

(-˚) trembling, shaking; tremor DN-a.i.130 (paṭhavi˚); Sdhp.401; a˚; (adj.) not trembling unshaken; calm, tranquil Sdhp.594; Mhvs.15, Mhvs.175.

fr. kamp

adjective shaking, one who shakes or causes to tremble Mil.343 (paṭhavi˚).

fr. kampa

adjective noun anything made with a definite object in view, prepared, arranged; or that which is fit, suitable, proper. See also DN-a.i.103 & Kp-a.115 for var. meanings.

I. Literal Meaning # …

…(= Fr. passer), viz. iriyāpathaṃ to keep one’s composure Thag.570; Ja.v.262; Bdhd 33; jīvitaṃ: to lead one’s life Pv-a.3, Pv-a.4,…

(-˚) adjective

1. belonging to a kappa, in paṭhama˚
   ■ kāla the time of thé first Age DN-a.i.247 Vb.412 (of manussā); Vv-a.19 (of Manu); without the kāla (id.) at Ja.i.222; as noun the men o …

adjective

1. (cp. kappa ii.1^a) according to rule, right, suitable, fitting, proper, appropriate (Pv-a.26 = anucchavika paṭirūpa) Ja.i.392; DN-a.i.9; Pv-a.25 Pv-a.141
   ■ a˚; not r …

1. adj. (f. ī) (-˚) doing, making, causing, producing; as cakkhu˚ ñāṇa˚ (leading to clear knowledge) SN.iv.331; SN.v.97; Iti.83; and acakkhu etc. SN.v.97; nāthā ˚ā dhammā AN.v.23 (cp. AN.v.89) and th …

1. (adj.)
   1. that ought to be, must or should be done, to be done, to be made (= kātabbaṃ karaṇârahaṃ Kp-a.236) Vin.i.58; DN.i.3, cp. Mil.183; AN.v.210; DN-a.i.7. Often-˚ in the sense of “doing …

…etc.) 3rd sing. akubbatha Pv.ii.13#18 1st pl. akaramhase Ja.iii.26, ˚a Dhp-a.i.145. 3. Aor (none) 4. Imper. (second sing. kurussu, 3rd…

Kasiṇa¹

adjective entire, whole Ja.iv.111, Ja.iv.112.

Vedic kṛtsna

Kasiṇa²

neuter one of the aids to kammaṭṭhāna, the practice by means of which myst …

(potsherd) spelling at Vism.261 for kaṭhala.

(metri causâ) = next, in the Uddāna at Vin.ii.234

…washed foot on, pāda- kathalika as a stool to put the unwashed foot on, or a cloth to rub the feet with…

…Kacc.130. Cp. kathita- akathana not talking or telling Ja.i.420; Ja.vi.424; not speaking fr. anger Ja.iv.108; Dhp-a.i.440.

*…

…of what character or conduct? how in his morality? Snp.848 (kathaṃdassī kathaṃsīlo upasanto ti vuccati).

cp. Vedic…

… grd kathetabba, kathanīya & kaccha,

1. to speak, say tell, relate (in detail: vitthārato Pv-a.77). mā kathesi (= mā bhaṇi) do…

…Mhvs.64 (mahā˚).

fr. kathā, cp. Sk. kathaka

…Mil.90, Mil.348 (˚seṭṭha best of speakers). See also kathaṃ-kathin.

cp. kathika

…DN-a.i.276 (explained as kathanapaṭikathana); Dhp-a.ii.91 (˚ṃ karoti) Vv-a.153.

fr. kath to tell or talk, see…

kettle, cooking pot; in daṇḍa˚ (a pot with a handle) Vin.i.286 (variant reading kathālaka), and meda˚ AN.iv.377; Dhp-a.ii.179.

fr. kuth, to boil

Caus. ii. of katheti (q.v.).

1. agreement, contract, pact Vin.i.153 (T. kātikā), Vin.i.309; Ja.vi.71; Mil.171, Mil.360
2. talking, conversation, talk (adhammikā k., cp kathikā & kathā) Ja.ii.449

■ katikaṃ karoti to make an a …

…DN-a.iii.140. -ratha an old (?) chariot Ja.iii.299. -suppa a winnowing basket Vin.i.269 = Dhp-a.i.174 (˚e pakkhipitvā…

…Vin.iv.304 (˚baddha = āvasatha); Ja.i.19; Cnd.235#1d; Vism.28 (˚koṇa door-corner). 2. dvāra˚; a door-post Ja.i.63; Ja.ii.334;…

gravel, pebble, potsherd Ja.iii.225; Ja.v.417; Vv-a.157; combined with sakkhara at DN.i.84 = AN.i.9, and in simile at AN.i.253. As f. combined with kaṭṭha at …

gravel, potsherd Ja.iii.227; Mil.34.

…also kuṭṭhita.

Sk. kvathati; cp. Goth. hvapo scum, hvapjan to seethe. The Dhātumañjūsā (no. 132, ed. Andersen Smith) comments on;…

adjective noun

1. (adj.) hard, firm, stiff Cp.ii.2; Dhs.44, Dhs.45 (where also der. f. abstr. akaṭhinatā absence of rigidity, combined with akakkhalatā, cp Dhs-a.151 akaṭhina-bhāva); Pv-a.152 (˚dā …

Kaṭṭha¹

ploughed, tilled Snp.80; Mil.255; Pv-a.45, Pv-a.62. a˚ untilled, unprepared Anvs.27. su˚ well-ploughed AN.i.229; Mil.255.

Sk. kṛṣṭa, pp. of kasati, cp. kiṭṭha

Kaṭṭha^{2</su …}

adjective deceitful, false, hypocritic Ja.i.461 (explained by biḷāra); Ja.iv.220; Ja.iv.223 (= kirāsa) MN-a.152; Dhp-a.iii.389 (= saṭha)
■ a˚ honest, frank Ja.v.117 (= akitava, ajūtakara).

fr. kirāṭa

…Mil.247
■ na k.… atha kho not only… but also Vv-a.227.

2. whole, entire Snp.p.108; Cp.i.10#19; Pv.ii.6#3 (= sakala Pv-a.95);…

…punishment pāpetvā niddhamatha = give him a thrashing & throw him out. variant reading at both passages is galayātha).

Sk. kṣālayati of…

…a fault Ja.iii.394. khamatha forgive Dhp-a.ii.254; khamatha me pardon me Mil.13; Dhp-a.i.40. 2. (impers.) to be fit, to seem good; esp. in…

I. Crude meaning

bulk, massiveness (gross) substance.

1. Esp. used
   1. of an elephant: the bulk of the body, i.e. its back SN.i.95 vāraṇassa Ja.iii.392; hatthi-khandha-vara-gata on th …

Khara¹

1. (adj.) rough, hard, sharp; painful DN.ii.127 (ābādha); Ja.iii.26 (vedanā) Mil.26 (+ sakkhara-kaṭhala-vālikā), Pv-a.152 (loma, shaggy hair; cp. Np. Khara-loma-yakkha Vism.208 …

nom. also khattiyāse Ja.iii.441. A shortened form is khatya Ja.vi.397
■ f. khattiyā AN.iii.226–⁠AN.iii.229, khattī DN.i.193, and khattiyī. A member of one of the clans or tribes recognised as of Ary …

…in series brāhmaṇī kh˚ vessī suddī caṇḍālī nesādī veṇī rathakārī pukkusī AN.iii.229; similarly MN.ii.33, MN.ii.40.

…esp. in aoristic narration: atha kho (extremely frequent); tatra kho; tâpi kho; api ca kho; evaṃ bhante ti kho; evaṃ byā kho Vin.iv.134;…

…a lake) Dhp.155; -vyappatha without the way of (evil speech (vyapp˚ = vācāya patho; expl. Snp-a.204 as na…

1. (adj.) that which ought to be done, that which is to be performed; nt something to do Dhp-a.i.15. defined as kātabban ti kiccaṃ kiñcid eva karaṇīyan ti Kp-a.218; kattabaṃ karaṇīyaṃ Dhp-a.iii.452 …

…evaṃ kira saggaṃ gamissatha “thus you will surely go to Heaven” Vv.82#8; “I hear” Dhp-a.i.392. 3. atīte kira with aor. once upon a…

…fatigue, exhaustion MN.i.168; AN.ii.199; SN.i.136; as kāya˚, citta˚ SN.v.128; as daratha˚ AN.iii.238; Pv-a.23 as niddā˚ AN.ii.48,…

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

…dat. or acc.) SN.i.47 SN.v.162; Ja.i.109; Mil.382.

fr. sram, cp. kilamatha. E Müller P. Gr. 38 = glāsnu, glā, cp. gilāna

…evaṃ kira saggaṃ gamissatha “thus you will surely go to Heaven” Vv.82#8; “I hear” Dhp-a.i.392. 3. atīte kira with aor. once upon a…

Kitava & kitavā

one who plays false; a cheat; adj. deceitful SN.i.24; Ja.v.116; Ja.v.117 (a˚)
■ kitavā at Dhp.252 (= Dhp-a.iii.375) in combination with saṭha also at Ja.vi.228, …

Kitava & kitavā

one who plays false; a cheat; adj. deceitful SN.i.24; Ja.v.116; Ja.v.117 (a˚)
■ kitavā at Dhp.252 (= Dhp-a.iii.375) in combination with saṭha also at Ja.vi.228, …

…(of nāma); Vv-a.275 (of ratha cleverly constructed).

Cp. also kutta, -f. kittimā at Ja.iii.70; Ja.vi.508 is according to Kern,

…

…heard? DN.i.104; kintikaro kathankaro q.v.; kiñca (cp. kiñcâpi under kiñci) num-que, nonne; is it not that, rather Ja.i.135 (explained in c….

Kilesa & klesa

stain, soil, impurity, fig. affliction; in a moral sense, depravity, lust. Its occurrence in the Piṭakas is rare; in later works, very frequent, where it is approx. tantamount to our t …

…Yo ye uppatitaṃ kodhaṃ rathaṃ bhantaṃ va dhāraye tam ahaṃ sārathiṃ brūmi. “He who restrains rising anger as he would a drifting…

Kosa¹

masculine neuter any cavity or enclosure containing anything, viz.

1. a store-room or storehouse, treasury or granary AN.iv.95 (rāja˚); Snp.525; Ja.iv.409 (= wealth, stores); Ja.vi …

the end—

1. of space: the extreme part, top, summit, point (cp. anta to which it is opposed at Ja.vi.371): dhanu-koṭiṃ nissāya “through the (curved) end of my bow,” i.e. by means …

the pole of a carriage AN.iv.191, AN.iv.193; Vv-a.269, Vv-a.271, Vv-a.275. ratha˚ SN.i.109, Vv.64#2 (= vedikā Vv-a) Der. (vividha-) kubbaratā Vv-a.276.

1. a round jar, waterpot (= kulālabhājana earthenware Dhp-a.i.317), frequent in similes, either as illustrating fragility or emptiness and fullness: AN.i.130, AN.i.131 = Pp.32; AN.v.337; SN.ii.83; Mi …

…and fig.) Mil.390 (+ kupatha); fig. (= micchāpatha) Dhs.381, Dhs.1003; Pp.22. Kummaggaṃ paṭipajjati to lose one’s way, to go astray….

(kuṃ + patha) wrong path (cp. kummagga) Mil.390.

…Ja.vi.105 (of Vetaraṇī, cp. kuṭṭhita)
pp kuthita.

Sk. kvathati cp. kaṭhati, kaṭhita, kuṭṭhita,…

…of kuñjara at Vv-a.35 (kuñjaro ti kuñje giritale ramati and Pv-a.57 (kuṃ pathaviṃ jīrayati kuñjo suvāraṃ aticarati…

…molten (of tamba, cp. uttatta) Pgdp.33. See also kathati kuthati, ukkaṭṭhita & pakkuṭṭhita.

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…asatta SN.i.33;

• kāmesu kathaṃ nameyya SN.i.117;
• kāmesu anikīḷitāvin SN.i.9 (cp. kela);
• kittassa munino carato kāmesu anapekhino…

…kāraṇḍavaṃ niddhamatha kasambuṃ apakassatha AN.iv.172 = Snp.281 = Mil.414 trsl^d by Rh. Davids Mil trsl. ii.363 “get rid…

(-˚) adjective doing: yathāvādī tathākārī “as he says so he does” DN.iii.135, Snp.357; see for examples the various compounds as kamma˚, kibbisa˚, khaṇḍa˚, chidda˚ dukkaṭa˚, dvaya˚, paccakkha˚, pubba …

adjective compassionate, merciful Pv.ii.1#13; Pv-a.16; Bdhd 49; often with mahā˚: of great mercy Sdhp.330, Sdhp.557; so of the Buddha: mahākāruṇika nātha “the Saviour of great mercy” in introductor …

…AN.i.273; Cnd.514;

• -ratha the “carriagelike” body Ja.vi.253;
• -lahutā buoyancy of sense…

Kāla & Kāḷa

Preliminary

1. dark (syn. kaṇha, which cp. for meaning and applications), black, blueblack, misty, cloudy. Its proper sphere of application is the dark as opposed to light, and i …

…read for ˚poṇa)-yutta-ratha a cart to which such a bullock is harnessed (uppathaṃ dhāvati runs the wrong way) kūṭa-dhenuyā khīraṃ…

…3^rd sg. alabhissatha DN.ii.63
pret (& aor) (a) 3^rd sg alattha DN.i.176 (alattha pabbajjaṃ); MN.ii.49; SN.iv.302;…

…sorts of (perfect) marks (tatha-lakkhaṇāni) is found at DN-a.i.62 sq. Cp. tādi-lakkhaṇa marks of such (a being) with ref. to good luck…

to talk prattle, mutter Snp.776; Iti.122; Pv.i.8#1; Pv.ii.6#3
■ Cp ullapati, palapati, samullapati
caus lapeti (and lāpeti, metri causâ) to talk to, to accost, beg SN.i.31 (h …

adjective noun

1. (adj.) red: rarely by itself (e.g. MN.ii.17), usually in compounds e.g. -abhijāti the red species (q.v.) AN.iii.383; -kasiṇa the artifice of red DN.iii.268; AN.i.41; Dhs.203; …

world, primarily “visible world,” then in general as “space or sphere of creation, with var. degrees of substantiality. Often (unspecified in the comprehensive sense of “universe.” Sometimes the term …

…king of the fishes or a Leviathan) Ja.i.207; Ja.ii.352; Ja.v.462; Timanda & Timirapiṅgala; Ja.v.462 Mitacintin Ja.i.427; Bahucintin…

…Ja.iv.26; Mil.21 (adj., + mathana) Sdhp.449; Dhtp.156. 2. threshing Mil.360

■ See also nimmaddana, pamaddana, parimaddana.

cp. Epic Sk….

…(voc. maghavā; so read for mathavā), SN.i.229; Dhp.30. Cp. māgha.

cp. Epic Sk. maghavā, on etym. see Walde, Lat. Wtb. s….

…n. 6, where spelling Makkādeva; we also find Makhadeva at Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa xiv. i.1).

cp. *Sk. maghā

…Dhp-a.iv.71.

• -patha high road DN.i.102; Snp.139; Dhp.58 Vism.235; Dhp-a.i.445.
• -paduma a…

adjective

1. middle medium, mediocre, secondary, moderate
   ■ Applied almost exclusively in contrast pairs with terms of more or less, in triplets like “small-medium-big,” or “first-middle-las …

…fish or sea monster, Leviathan (cp. Zimmer, Altind. Leben 97; Ja.ii.442; Ja.iii.188; Mil.131, Mil.377; Thag-a.204
■ f. makarinī…

…(puṇṇa-sabbamanoratha). Manoratha-pūraṇī (f.) “the wish fulfiller” is the name of the Commentary on the Anguttara Nikāya….

…(puṇṇa-sabbamanoratha). Manoratha-pūraṇī (f.) “the wish fulfiller” is the name of the Commentary on the Anguttara Nikāya….

orig. a divine saying or decision, hence a secret plan (cp. def. of mant at Dhtp.578 by “gutta-bhāsane”), counsel; hence magic charm, spell. In particular a secret religious code or doctrine, esp. …

…DN-a.i.263 (imper. mantayatha); Pv-a.74 (aor. mantayiṃsu). 2. to consider, to think over, to be of opinion AN.i.199 (Pot. mantaye); Mil.91…

sort of (sweet-scented) earth or sand Vin.ii.121, Vin.ii.142, Vin.ii.153 (at these passages used for besprinkling a damp living-cell); Vin.iv.33 (pāsāṇā, sakkharā kaṭhalā, marumbā, vālikā); Mhvs.29, …

adj. nt. shaking up, crushing, harassing, confusing Mil.21 (+ maddana); Dhp-a.i.312; Pv-a.265.

fr. math

…Mil.385 (vāyu pādape mathayati;… kilesā mathayitabbā)
pp mathita. See also abhimatthati…

peacock DN.iii.201; SN.ii.279; Thag.1113; Ja.ii.144, Ja.ii.150 (˚gīva) = Dhp-a.i.144; Ja.iv.211 (˚nacca); Ja.v.304; Ja.vi.172, Ja.vi.272, Ja.vi.483; Vv.11#1, Vv.35#8 (= sikhaṇḍin Vv-a.163); Vv-a.27 …

…kiṃ maññasi* (maññatha 2 pl.) what do you think of this? (the foll.), what is your opinion about this? DN.i.60; SN.iii.104 & passim
…

1. circle DN.i.134 (paṭhavi˚, cp. puthavi˚ Snp.990); Vism.143 (˚ṃ karoti to draw a circle, in simile), Vism.174 (tipu˚ & rajata˚ lead- & silver circle, in kasiṇa practice); Vv-a.147 (of a fan = tāla …

fat SN.i.124; Snp.196; Ja.iii.484 (ajakaraṃ medaṃ = ajakara-medaṃ C.); Kp iii. (explained at Vism.262 as “thīnasineha” thick or coagulated fluid or gelatine); Vism.361 Vb-a.66, Vb-a.225, Vb-a.245, …

cloud Pv.ii.9#45; Vism.126; esp. a thundercloud storm, SN.i.100 (thaneti), SN.i.154; Thag.307 (as kāḷa) Iti.66; Ja.i.332 (pajjunna vuccati megha); Dhp-a.i.19; Snp-a.27 (˚thanita-sadda). In this cap …

…of a ram’s horn) -patha Npl. “ram’s road” Mnd.155 = Mnd.415. -yuddha ram fight DN.i.6. 2. a groom, elephant-driver in cpd…

…Divy.14].

• -patha wrong road, wrong course Vb.145 (lit. & fig.; in exegesis of diṭṭhi, cp Nd ii.taṇhā iii.;…

…self-possession Snp.540 (˚patha = ñāṇa-patha Snp-a.435), Snp.718, Snp.723; Mnd.57 Cnd.514 A (= ñāṇa & paññā); Thag.168 (what is…

kind of kidney-bean, Phaseolus mungo, freq. combined with māsa² (q.v.). On its size (larger than sāsapa smaller than kalāya) see AN.v.170 & cp. kalāya
■ DN.ii.293; MN.i.57 (+ māsa); S …

holy man, a sage, wise man.

I

The term which was specialised in Brahmanism has acquired a general meaning in Buddhism & is applied by the Buddha to any man attaining perfection in self-rest …

…muccassu Thig.2 pl. muccatha Dhp-a.ii.92;
pot muñceyya Pv.ii.2#6 Pv-a.104; Dhp.127;
fut muccissati Ja.i.434 (where also…

adjective bald, shaven; a shaven, (bald-headed) ascetic, either a samaṇa, or a bhikkhu or (f.) bhikkhunī SN.i.175 (m. sanghāṭi-pāruta); Vin.iv.265 (f.); Snp.p.80 (= muṇḍita-sīsa Snp-a.402)
■ *ka …

…the drum announcing this order); Ja.iv.115; Ja.vi.346 (uposatha˚).

lit. mā ghāta “kill not”

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

killed SN.i.66; Vin.iii.72; Ja.ii.417 (aññehi m
■ bhāvaṃ jānātha).

pp. of māreti

Māsa¹

a month, as the 12^th part of the year. The 12 months are (beginning with what chronologically corresponds to our middle of March) Citta (Citra), Vesākha, Jeṭṭha, Āsāḷha, S …

filled by the (say 6 or more) month(s), i.e. heavy (alluding to the womb in advanced pregnancy), heaped full MN.i.332 (kucchi garu-garu viya māsācitaṃ maññe ti; Neumann trsl^s “wie ein Sack …

Māḷa & Māla

a sort of pavilion, a hall DN.i.2 (maṇḍala˚, same at Snp.p.104, which passage Snp-a.447 explains as “savitānaṃ maṇḍapaṃ”); Vin.i.140 (aṭṭa, māla, pāsāda explained at Vin.iii.201. In the …

…read for musikā˚).

• -patha “Mouseroad” Name of a road Mnd.155, Mnd.415 (here mūsikā˚)
• -potikā the young of a…

…read for musikā˚).

• -patha “Mouseroad” Name of a road Mnd.155, Mnd.415 (here mūsikā˚)
• -potikā the young of a…

…Vin.ii.81, Vin.ii.186 (kathaṃ naṃ = kathaṃ nu); Ja.ii.416; Ja.v.302; Ja.vi.213 (Com. p. 216: ettha eko na-karo pucchanattho hoti);…

…fastened, put on Ja.i.175 (rathavarattaṃ); Bv.i.31 (camma˚, of a drum); Mhvs.vii.16 (˚pañcāyudha) Mil.117 (yuga˚); Dhs-a.131. Cp. onaddha,…

stronghold, citadel, fortress a (fortified) town, city. As seat of the government as important centre of trade contrasted with gāma nigama (village & market-place or township) Vin.iii.47 (˚bandhana), …

Nahāru & Nhāru

sinew, tendon muscle. In the anatomy of the body n. occupies the place between maṃsa (flesh, soft flesh) & aṭṭhi (bone) as is seen from ster. sequ …

…-patha “the course of the stars,” i.e. the nocturnal sky Dhp.208;

• -pada a…

…a strap, thong Ja.i.175 (rathassa cammañ ca nandiñ ca); Snp.622 = Dhp.398 (+ varatta) Snp-a.400; Dhp-a.i.44, Dhp-a.iv.160.

Sk. naddhrī to…

…(esp the eve of the uposatha) Vin.i.288 (ratti); Vin.ii.236 (id.)

• -rāga pleasure & lust, passionate delight SN.ii.227…

Nava¹

(num.) number nine. gen
■ dat. navannaṃ (Snp.p.87) instr
■ abl. navahi (Vv-a.76), loc. navasu.

Meaning and Application: The primitive-Aryan importance of the “mystic” nine i …

…or parts, of a chariot (ratha = running perfectly SN.iv.291 = Ud.76 (nelagga text nelanga variant reading) = DN-a.i.75 = Dhs-a.397. *…

…death, which belongs to the wheel of Saṃsāra of the chariot of existence, bhavaratha); Dhp-a.ii.124 (˚vaṭṭi); Vv-a.277.

Vedic nemi,…

adjective belonging to niraya or purgatory, hellish; one doomed to suffering in purgatory (n. satta = inhabitant of n. Vin.ii.205 (āpāyiko n. kappaṭṭho); Vin.iv.7; DN.iii.6, DN.iii.9, DN.iii.12; AN.i. …

…caste Vin.iv.7 (+ veṇa & rathakāra); SN.i.93 (˚kula); AN.i.107; AN.ii.85; Ja.ii.36 Ja.iii.330; Ja.iv.397, Ja.iv.413; Ja.v.110, Ja.v.337;…

…or parts, of a chariot (ratha = running perfectly SN.iv.291 = Ud.76 (nelagga text nelanga variant reading) = DN-a.i.75 = Dhs-a.397. *…

Nahāru & Nhāru

sinew, tendon muscle. In the anatomy of the body n. occupies the place between maṃsa (flesh, soft flesh) & aṭṭhi (bone) as is seen from ster. sequ …

adjective free from lust or cravings SN.i.180, SN.i.186 (so ’haṃ vane nibbanatho visallo); Thag.526; Dhp.344; Dāvs i.18.

nis + vanatha

…is the C. explⁿ is to be corrected into pathaddhiyo).

pp. of nibbijjhati

…(mahāmeghena n˚ṃ pathaviṃ); Thag-a.154 (anupādānā dīp’ accī); Kp-a.194 (padīpo n.) 2. (fig.) combined with…

…of hunger & thirst) Kp-a.185 (= paṭippassaddha-kilesa-daratha).

Sk. nirvṛti, abstr. to nibbuta

… ■ samatha (allayment, quietude) sabbasankhārasamatho nibbānaṃ SN.i.136≈
■ sotthi…

…Kp-a.195), Snp.915 (kathaṃ disvā nibbāti bhikkhu = rāgaṃ etc. nibbāpeti Mnd.344); Ja.iv.391 (pāyāsaṃ). See also parinibbāti…

adjective free from fear, pain or anguish Dhp.205 = Snp.257 (explained at Dhp-a.iii.269 by rāgadarathānaṃ abhāvena n.; at Snp-a.299 by kilesapariḷāhâbhāvena n.).

nis + dara

1. (n.) tying down to; ground (lit. or fig.), foundation, occasion source, origin, cause; reason, reference, subject (“sujet”) MN.i.261; AN.i.134 sq.; AN.i.263 sq., AN.i.338; AN.ii.196 AN.iv.128 sq.; …

small town market town (opp. janapada); often combined with gāma (see gāma 2) Vin.i.110 (˚sīma), Vin.i.188 (˚kathā), Vin.i.197 (Setakaṇṇika˚); DN.i.7 (˚kathā), DN.i.101 (˚sāmanta), D …

…AN.i.205 sq. (˚uposatha), cp. AN.i.220; AN.ii.196 (˚sāvaka); AN.iii.276, AN.iii.383; AN.v.150 (dasahi asaddhammehi samannāgata);…

…save Pp.26; Vv-a.33 (sahassathavikaṃ)
aor nikkhipi DN.ii.161 (Bhagavato sarīraṃ Ja.ii.104, Ja.ii.111, Ja.ii.416;…

…Pts.i.92 Pts.i.112; samatha˚ DN.iii.213; samādhi˚ etc. AN.i.256 sq. subha˚ (& asubha˚) SN.v.64, SN.v.103 sq.; AN.i.3 sq., AN.i.87,…

crushing Ja.iii.252; Vism.234 (sattu˚); Dhp-a.iii.404; Vv-a.284.

nis + mathana

adjective free from diffuseness SN.iv.370; Dhp.254 (Tathāgata); -ārāma not fond of delay MN.i.65 (Neumann trsl. i.119: “dem keine Sonderheit behagt”); AN.iii.431; AN.iv.229 sq.; Mil.262.

nis + papañca

Nirabbuda¹

masculine neuter a vast number; also Name of a hell SN.i.149 = AN.ii.3 = AN.v.171 (explained at AN.v.173 as “seyyathā pi vīsati abbudā nirayā evam eko nirabbudo nirayo”); Ja.iii …

one of the Vedāngas (see chaḷanga), explⁿ of words, grammatical analysis etymological interpretation; pronunciation, dialect way of speaking, expression Vin.ii.139 (pabbajitā… sakāya nirutt …

adjective hanging on, dependent on, inhabiting; attached to, supported by, living by means of, relying on, being founded or rooted in, bent on As-˚ often in sense of a prep. = by means of, on account …

…Ja.v.486; Dhp-a.i.239 (+ upadhāneti); Pv-a.1 (imper nisāmayatha). Cp. nisanti, nisamma.

ni + sāmeti

midnight, night Thag.3 (aggi yathā pajjalito nisīthe; variant reading BB nisive), Thag.524 (variant reading nisive); Ja.iv.432; Ja.v.330, Ja.v.331 (variant reading BB nisive), Ja.v.506 (= rattibhāga C …

stopping, dwelling, resting-place, abode; living, sheltering Ja.i.115 (˚ṃ kappeti to put up), Ja.ii.110; Pv-a.76, Pv-a.78. Usually in phrase pubbe-nivāsaṃ anussarati “to remember one’s former ab …

adjective leading out (of saṃsāra), leading to salvation, salutary, sanctifying, saving profitable DN.i.235, DN.i.237; SN.i.220; SN.v.82, SN.v.166, SN.v.255, SN.v.379 sq. Ja.i.48 (a˚), Ja.i.106; Dhs.2 …

…(for kaccid nu) Ja.ii.133 kathan nu (kho) Vin.i.83; kattha Pv-a.22; etc. 2. as interr. part. (= Lat. ne, num) in enclitic position Vin.i.17;…

to have need of to be in want of (c. gen.) Ja.v.90 (Com. explains by upatappati milāyati; thinking perhaps of nalo va chinno).

Sk. nādhate = nāthate (see nātha), only in nadhamān …

…(kiṃ n.), Ja.i.266 (kathaṃ n.); Ja.iii.55 (kiṃ); Kp iv. (ekaṃ n. kiṃ); with neg. = not at all, certainly not Ja.i.222; Ja.ii.352;…

(nt. m.) diversity, variety, manifoldness, multiformity, distraction; all sorts of (opp. ekatta, cp. MN.i.364: “the multiformity of sensuous impressions,” M.A.). Enumⁿ of diversity as nānat …

protector, refuge, help AN.v.23, AN.v.89; Dhp.160 (attā hi attano n.), Dhp.380; Snp.1131 (Nd ii.has nāga) Dhp-a.iv.117; Pv-a.1. lokanātha Saviour of the world (Ep. of the Budd …

shine, splendour, light, lustre, effulgence; appearance. In clairvoyant language also “aura (see Cpd. 214¹ with C. expl^n. “rays emitted from the body on account of insight”)-D …

Ogāhati (ogāheti)

to plunge or enter into, to be absorbed in (w. acc. or loc.). Pv.ii.12#11; Vv.6#1 (= anupavisati Vv-a.42), Vv.39#2 (sālavanaṃ o = pavisati Vv-a.177). ogāheti Pv-a.155 (pokkhara …

Ogāhati (ogāheti)

to plunge or enter into, to be absorbed in (w. acc. or loc.). Pv.ii.12#11; Vv.6#1 (= anupavisati Vv-a.42), Vv.39#2 (sālavanaṃ o = pavisati Vv-a.177). ogāheti Pv-a.155 (pokkhara …

strength, but only in meaning of strength-giving, nutritive essence (appl; ^d. to food). MN.i.245 SN.ii.87 SN.v.162 (dhamm’) AN.iii.396 Ja.i.68 Dhs.646 Dhs.740, Dhs.875 Mil.156 Dhp-a.ii.15 …

…(viññāṇaṃ na okkamissatha) SN.v.283 ʻabiding in the sense of bliss’ (sukha-saññaṃ okkamitvā). See also Pp.13 = Pp.28 (niyāma…

…to break, to interrupt, in kathaṃ opāteti to interrupt a conversation MN.ii.10, MN.ii.122, MN.ii.168; AN.iii.137 AN.iii.392 sq.; Snp.p.107. 2….

…fr. pabāḷha); cp. Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iv.3, 3 16
pp pabāḷha¹ (q.v.).

pa + bṛh to pull, see…

Paccanika, Paccanīya

adjective noun

1. contrary, adverse, opposed; 1 (m) enemy, adversary, opponent MN.i.378; SN.i.179; SN.iv.127; Snp.761; Pts.ii.67 sq.; Snp-a.288. Cp. vi.˚
2. (in method reverse, …

Paccanika, Paccanīya

adjective noun

1. contrary, adverse, opposed; 1 (m) enemy, adversary, opponent MN.i.378; SN.i.179; SN.iv.127; Snp.761; Pts.ii.67 sq.; Snp-a.288. Cp. vi.˚
2. (in method reverse, …

lit. resting on, falling back on, foundation cause, motive etc. See on term as t.t. of philosophy Tikapaṭṭhāna I, foreword; J.P.T.S. 1916, 21 f.; Cpd. 42 sq. & esp. 259 sq.

1. (lit.) support, req …

adjective each one, single, by oneself, separate, various several DN.i.49 (itthi); DN.ii.261 (˚vasavattin, of the 10 issaras); SN.i.26 (˚gāthā a stanza each), SN.i.146 (˚brahma an independent Brahma); …

…to Vin.iv.272; Ja.i.119 (kathaṃ ˚itvā), Ja.i.148 (kathaṃ ˚ituṃ); Ja.iv.59; Pv-a.78 (dānavidhiṃ ˚i). 2. to bring up (food), to vomit…

…(Often synonymous with ˚patha i.e. way, kind, & sometimes untranslatable)

1. lit. way, path, position, place Vin.ii.217 (nakkhatta˚…

Padaka¹

adjective one who knows the padas (words or lines), versed in the padapāṭha of the Veda (Ep. of an educated Brahmin) DN.i.88 = Snp.p.105 (where Avs.ii.19 in id. p. has padaśo = P. …

…Ja.vi.476 (variant reading patha = paṭṭha; C. cheko paṭibalo). 2. subject to, serving, attending Ja.iv.35 (p. carāmi, so read for…

Pahaṭṭha¹

struck, beaten (of metal) Ja.vi.217 (suvaṇṇa).

pp. of pahaṃsati¹

Pahaṭṭha²

gladdened, happy, cheerful, delighted Vin.iii.14; Ja.i.278 (twice; once as *- …

…na tumhākaṃ taṃ pajahatha) Iti.32 (kiṃ appahīnaṃ kiṃ pajahāma); Iti.117; AN.iv.109 sq (akusalaṃ, sāvajjaṃ); Snp.789…

to know, find out, come to know, understand, distinguish DN.i.45 (yathābhūtaṃ really truly), DN.i.79 (ceto paricca), DN.i.162, DN.i.249; Snp.626, Snp.726 sq., Snp.987; Iti.12 (ceto paricca); Dhp.402; …

1. performance, undertaking paragraph (of the law) DN.i.98 (“offence”? see Dial. i.120); SN.iii.91; Mil.189.
2. occasion Vin.i.44 Vin.ii.75; Vin.iii.20.
3. exposition, arrangement, literary work, co …

adjective scattered about; fig. miscellaneous, particular, opp. to sādhāraṇa Kp-a.74; cp. Cpd. 13, 95²; Vism.175 (˚kathā), Vism.317 sq. (id.)
■ As Np. name of the xiv^th book …

to cook, boil up; only in Caus. ii. pakkaṭṭhāpeti (with unexplained ṭṭh for ṭh to cause to be boiled up Ja.i.472 (variant reading pakkuṭṭh˚, cp J.P.T.S. 1884, 84)
pp pakkaṭhita (q.v.). Pakkathit …

Pakkaṭhita (pakkuthita)

cooked up, boiled, boiling hot, hot Thūpavaṃsa 48³³; Ja.v.268 (pakaṭṭh˚ vv.ll. pakkudh & jakankaṭhi); Ja.vi.112 (˚kaṭṭh˚), Ja.vi.114 (id.; variant reading BB ˚kuṭhi …

…Ja.v.471; Mil.144 (saṃsaya˚), Mil.156, Mil.390 (kupatha˚).

pp. of pakkhandati; often wrongly spelt pakkhanta

Pakkaṭhita (pakkuthita)

cooked up, boiled, boiling hot, hot Thūpavaṃsa 48³³; Ja.v.268 (pakaṭṭh˚ vv.ll. pakkudh & jakankaṭhi); Ja.vi.112 (˚kaṭṭh˚), Ja.vi.114 (id.; variant reading BB ˚kuṭhi …

…(a food) tasty Snp.241 (kathappakāro tava āmagandho); Mil.63. 3. (-˚) of a kind by way of, in nānā˚; (adj.) various, manifold Ja.i.52…

…Dhp-a.iv.194).

for paripatha = ˚pantha (q.v.), the bases path˚ & panth˚ frequently interchanging. Trenckner (Notes 80) derives it fr. pa…

…(dāne na p.); iv.13 (jāgaratha mā p.); Sdhp.16, Sdhp.620
aor 2 pl. pamādattha MN.i.46; AN.iii.87; AN.iv.139. Other noteworthy forms are…

crushed, only in cpd. sam˚ (q.v.).

pp. of pa + mathati to crush

…to deliver, free Snp.1063 (kathan kathāhi = mocehi uddhara etc. Cnd.407#a), 1146 (pamuñcassu = okappehi etc. Cnd.407#b)

pass…

carelessness, negligence, indolence, remissness DN.i.6 (jūta˚, see DN-a.i.85), DN.iii.42 sq., DN.iii.236; MN.i.151; SN.i.18, SN.i.20, SN.i.25, SN.i.146, SN.i.216; SN.ii.43 SN.ii.193; SN.iv.78, SN.iv. …

…ca pana “but” Ja.i.152; atha ca pana “and yet” DN.i.139; Ja.i.279; na kho pana “certainly not” Ja.i.151; vā pana “or else”…

ordinal number the 15^th Snp-a.366 (gāthā).

fr. pannarasa

…Cnd.485 B (+ patha in explⁿ of magga) Mil.157 (see panthaṃ)

• -gū a traveller (lit. going by road)…

1. obstacle, impediment, a burden which causes delay hindrance, delay Dhp-a.i.18; Dhp-a.ii.91 (kathā˚). ˚ṃ karoti to delay, to tarry Ja.iv.145; ˚ṃ akatvā without delay Ja.i.260; Ja.vi.392
   ■ ati …

(param˚) adverb further, away (from); as prep. (w. abl.) after, beyond; absolute only in phrase ito paraṃ from here, after this, further, e.g. Kp-a.131; Snp-a.160, Snp-a.178, Snp …

adjective including, occupying Ne.79 (= upathambhaka C. as quoted in Index p. 276).

fr. pariggaha

…-patha “circle road,” i.e. 1 a roundabout way Dhp-a.ii.192. 2 encircling game DN.i.6 = Vin.ii.10 (explained as…

1. “round-about tale,” exposition, story, especially a religious tale DN.ii.204; Vism.41 (= pariyāya-kathā)
2. talk about, remark, hint Vin.i.254 (cp. Vin Texts ii.154); Vb.353 = Vism.23 (with obh …

strewing about, trsl^d “consecrating sites” DN.i.12 (vatthu-kamma + vatthu˚; variant reading paṭi˚; explained at DN-a.i.98 as “idañ c’ idañ ca āharathā ti vatvā tattha balikamma-karaṇaṃ” …

adjective completely calmed, at peace, at rest (as to the distinction of the twofold application see parinibbāna and cp., Mrs. Rh.D. Buddhism p. 191; Cpd. p. 168), viz.

1 …

refreshing, cooling, quenching; controlling, subduing, training Pts.i.174 (atta-damatha, atta-samatha, atta-p.).

pari + nibbāpana

…sameti & dameti (cp. damatha samatha parinibbāpana) DN.iii.61 = AN.iii.46 (attānaṃ dameti, sameti p.); MN.i.45 (fut. ˚bbapessati);…

Parinibbāyati & ˚nibbāti

1. to be completed, perfected in any work or art, e.g. of a trained horse MN.i.446. Cp. τελειόω.
2. to die without being reborn to reach complete extinction of existence Vin.i …

Parinibbāyati & ˚nibbāti

1. to be completed, perfected in any work or art, e.g. of a trained horse MN.i.446. Cp. τελειόω.
2. to die without being reborn to reach complete extinction of existence Vin.i …

… ■ saparipantha full of danger Dhp-a.i.63. See also palipatha.

pari + pantha

in -patha the region round the path of stakes & sticks, Name of a path leading up to Gijjha-pabbata (see explⁿ at Ja.iii.485)…

adjective very fraudulent or crafty Pp.23 (saṭha +).

pari + saṭha

…discriminating speech DN.i.4 = MN.iii.49 = Pp.58; explained as “paricchedaṃ dassetvā yatha ’ssa paricchedo paññāyati, evaṃ…

Pariyatta¹

neuter learning understanding, comprehension, only in phrase indriyaparo pariyatta (-ñāṇa) (knowledge of) what goes on in the intentions of others AN.v.34, AN.v.38; Pts.i.121 …

1. end, finish, conclusion Ja.i.106 (sacca˚ = desanā˚); Pv-a.9 (desanā and passim), Pv-a.136 (āyūha˚), Pv-a.162 (id.), Pv-a.281 (= anta) Often contracted with ādi beginning & majj …

lit. “going round” analysed by Bdhgh in 3 diff. meanings, viz. vāra (turn, course) desanā (instruction, presentation), and kāraṇa (cause reaso …

Pariññā¹

feminine accurate or exact knowledge, comprehension full understanding MN.i.66, MN.i.84; SN.iii.26 (yo rāgakkhayo dosā˚ moha˚ ayaṃ vuccati p.), SN.iii.159 sq., SN.iii.191; SN.iv.1 …

1. bent down, crooked Vv-a.222 (˚dāṭhā fangs, or does it mean “long”?).
2. changed SN.iii.40.
3. ripened, matured, hatched, ripe Ja.iii.174, Ja.iii.286, Ja.iii.431, Vv-a.288; Dhp-a.i.47 (gabbha).

…

…SN.iv.125; AN.i.148; AN.v.30; Vism.134; Vb-a.283 (˚kāyapuggala)
■ In lit. applⁿ -ratha when the car had slowed down Ja.iii.239….

…Pv-a.38; pl. passatha SN.ii.25; Snp.176 sq., Snp.777, & passavho (cp. Sk. paśyadhvaṃ) Snp.998
ppr passaṃ (see Geiger, …

at Ja.vi.276 is misprint for pathaddhi (q.v.).

…also byappatha
■ apatha where there is no way or road, wrong way Ja.ii.287; Thag-a.255; Vv-a.337.

*…

belonging to the earth, ruler of the earth (?) AN.iv.90 (reading uncertain).

fr. pathavi = paṭhavi

see paṭhavi.

traveller Vin.iv.108; Ja.vi.65; DN-a.i.298.

fr. patha

…Jtm.215 with hasty-aśva-ratha˚).

• -kārika (for ˚kārika, of prec.) a foot soldier, lit. one of a body of infantry Ja.iv.134; Ja.v.100;…

adjective

1. (adj.) happening, going on, procedure, resulting Thig.220 (assu ca pavattaṃ taken by Mrs. Rh. D. as “tears shed”); Thag-a.179; Pv-a.35, Pv-a.83 (gāthāyo), Pv-a.120, esp. with ref. to …

to grow up, to increase MN.i.7; SN.ii.84, SN.ii.92; Snp.306 (3^rd sg. praet. ˚atha); Dhp.282, Dhp.335 Dhp.349; Pp.64; Pv-a.8 (puññaṃ)
pp pavaḍḍha pavuddha.

pa + vṛdh

to give, bestow SN.i.18; Snp.463 sq., Snp.490 sq. Thig.272; Ja.i.28; Ja.iii.12 (variant reading pavacchati), Ja.iii.172; Ja.iv.363, Ja.vi.502, Ja.vi.587 (vuṭṭhi-dhāraṃ pavecchanto devo pāvassi tāvade …

(wrongly) applied, at random, careless “misdirected” AN.i.199; Snp.711 (˚ṃ vācaṃ = obhāsaparikathā-nimitta-viññatti-payuttaṃ ghāsesana-vācaṃ Snp-a.497), Snp.930 (= cīvarādīhi sampayutta tadatthaṃ …

gone forth, set out, proceeded Pv.iv.5#6 (= gantuṃ āraddha Pv-a.260); Ja.iii.188, Ja.iii.190 Strange is “evaṃ nānappayātamhi” at Thag.945 (Mrs Rh. D. “thus when so much is fallen away”; Neumann “in s …

adjective noun masculine

Cases:
■ gen. dat. pañcannaṃ,
■ instr. abl pañcahi,
■ loc. pañcasu;
■ often used in compositional form pañca˚ (cp. Ved. pañcāra with 5 spokes RV i.164¹³; G …

…Gr. πέμπτος, Lat. quintus, also Sk. pañcathaḥ

intelligence, comprising all the higher faculties of cognition, “intellect as conversant with general truths” (Dial. ii.68), reason wisdom, insight, knowledge, recognition. See on term Mrs. Rh. D. * …

indeclinable understanding fully, knowing well, realising, in full recognition, in thorough realisation or understanding. Used most frequently with yathābhūtaṃ (q.v. SN.i.13 (bhāveti), SN.i.44 (lokasm …

…(fut. paññāyissatha you will be well known); Dhp-a.ii.75; Pv-a.83 (pālito eva), Pv-a.166 (dissati +); ppr….

…Vv-a.230; Pv-a.93.

Ved. prathama, cp. Av. fratəma; also Ved. prataraṃ further, Gr. πρότερος superl. formation fr. prep. *pro, Sk. pra…

reading (textual) Mil.344.

fr. paṭhati

to read (of a text) Vv-a.72; Pv-a.58, Pv-a.59, Pv-a.70 etc.; see also pāṭha.

paṭh to read, Sk. paṭhati

adjective noun a wayfarer SN.i.37.

fr. paṭhavī

earthliness MN.i.329.

abstr. fr. paṭhavī

…doublets in Pāli pathavī, puthavī, puthuvī, puṭhuvī, see Geiger, P.Gr. §§ 12⁴, 17ⁿ. To ad. pṛthu: see…

…˚deseti, ˚pakkha, ˚patha, ˚piṃsati, ˚pīḷita, ˚magga ˚manteti, ˚yodha (at-tack), ˚vacana (re-ply), ˚vadati ˚vedeti, ˚sattu…

to appear, to be evident, to come into one’s mind, to occur to one, to be clear (cp. Vin Texts ii.30) SN.i.155 (˚tu taṃ dhammikathā); SN.v.153 (T reads patibbāti); Snp.450 (p. maṃ = mama bhāgo pakās …

counter-stanza, response Snp-a.340. Cp. paccanīka-gāthā.

paṭi + gāthā

to shake, disturb, break (fig.) Ja.v.173 (uposathaṃ).

paṭi + kopeti

the way against, a confronting road; ˚ṃ gacchati to go to meet somebody Ja.iv.133; Ja.vi.127.

paṭi + magga, cp. similarly paṭipatha

…(saṃvarāya), DN.i.175 (tathattāya); SN.ii.98 (kantāramaggaṃ); SN.iv.63 (dhammass’ anudhammaṃ); SN.v.346 (id.); SN.iv.194 (maggaṃ);…

confronting road, opposite way Vin.ii.193 (˚ṃ gacchati to go to meet); Vin.iii.131; Vin.iv.268; Mil.9; Vism.92; Dhp-a.ii.88.

paṭi + patha

to greet friendly in return Ja.vi.224 (= sammodanīya-kathāya paṭikatheti C.).

paṭi + saṃ + Caus. of mud

connected with, coupled, belonging to Vin.iv.6; SN.i.210 (nibbāna ˚dhammikathā); Thag.598; Iti.73; Vv-a.6, Vv-a.87; Pv-a.12.

pp. of paṭisaṃyujati

…Vin.iii.210 (dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ); Vin.iv.60 (cīvarakammaṃ kātuṃ), Vin.iv.254 (dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ), Vin.iv.285…

…Mhvs.14, Mhvs.29 (rathaṃ); Dhp-a.iii.190; Pv-a.4, Pv-a.20, Pv-a.53. 2. to employ or order (cp. pesaka) in Pass. pesiyati to be…

…as a peta Pv-a.119. -katha (pubba˚ tales (or talk) about the dead (not considered orthodox DN.i.8, cp. DN-a.i.90; AN.v.128….

…nirodhaṃ DN.i.184; samatha-samādhiṃ Vv.16#9 (reads āphusiṃ but should prob. be aphusiṃ as Vv-a.84, explained by adhigacchiṃ);…

…P. Gr. § 40 1a?) in -ratha [cp. Sk, puṣpa˚, but prob. to be read puṣya˚?] a wonderful state carriage running of its own accord…

…2^nd pl. pivatha Pv-a.78 & pivātha Pv.i.11#2; 3^rd pl. med piyyare Ja.iv.380
imper piva Pv-a.39, & pivatu…

to drink, only in imper. pres. pipa MN.i.316; SN.i.459, and ppr. pipaṃ Ja.v.255, gen. pl. pipataṃ Snp.398.

dial. form for pibati, pivati, usually restricted to Gāthā Dial., cp. Geiger, P.Gr. § 132

…2^nd pl. pivatha Pv-a.78 & pivātha Pv.i.11#2; 3^rd pl. med piyyare Ja.iv.380
imper piva Pv-a.39, & pivatu…

to fasten on, put on, cover, dress, adorn Ja.v.393 (piḷayhatha 3^rd sg imper. = pilandhatu C.).

api + nayhati, cp. Sk. pinahyate

adjective

1. reddish-yellow, brown, tawny SN.i.170; Ja.vi.199 (= pingiya).
2. red-eyed, as sign of ugliness Ja.iv.245 (as np. combined with nikkhanta-dāṭha); Ja.v.42 (tamba-dāṭhika nibbiddha-pin …

adjective old, ancient, former DN.i.71, DN.i.238; SN.ii.267; Snp.313; Dhp.227 (cp. Dhp-a.iii.328); Ja.ii.15 (˚kāle in the past); Vb-a.1 (˚aṭṭhakathā), Vb-a.523 (id.); Kp-a.247 (˚pāṭha); Snp-a.131 …

Err:501

Pubba¹

pus, matter, corruption MN.i.57; MN.iii.90; SN.i.150; SN.ii.157; AN.i.34; Ja.ii.18; Mil.382; Pv-a.80
■ In detail discussed (as one of the 32 ākāras) at Vism.261, Vism.360; Kp- …

…Snp.460; DN-a.i.155; pucchatha DN.ii.154 pucchassu Snp.189, Snp.993;
pot puccheyyāmi DN.i.51 puccheyya AN.i.199; Pv-a.6;
ppr…

asked Snp.76, Snp.126, Snp.383, Snp.988, Snp.1005; Mnd.211; Kp-a.125 (˚kathā); Pv-a.2, Pv-a.13, Pv-a.51. Cp. puṭṭha.

pp. of pucchati

…nesāda˚, veṇa˚, rathakāra˚ p.˚) at MN.iii.169; SN.i.94; AN.ii.85; Vin.iv.6 Pp.51. With nesāda at Pv-a.176
■ Cp….

man (as representative of the male sex, contrasted to itthi woman, e.g. at AN.iii.209; AN.iv.197; Ja.i.90; Ja.v.72; Pv-a.51). Definitions of the C. are “puriso nāma manussa-puriso …

at Ja.vi.39 read phussa˚; (q.v.).

Puthavī & Puthuvī

feminine the earth; as puthavi at SN.i.186; Ja.i.14 (variant reading puthuvi); Ja.iv.233, in compounds; -nābhi the navel of the earth (of the bodhimaṇḍa the Buddha’s seat under t …

Puthavī & Puthuvī

feminine the earth; as puthavi at SN.i.186; Ja.i.14 (variant reading puthuvi); Ja.iv.233, in compounds; -nābhi the navel of the earth (of the bodhimaṇḍa the Buddha’s seat under t …

…Vism.292 (puṇṇa-m-uposatha = puṇṇa-māuposatha), Vism.418 (Phagguṇa-puṇṇama-divase); Vv-a.66 (āsāḷhi p.); Pv-a.137 (id.);…

brought, conveyed DN-a.i.262; Snp-a.356 (kathā˚).

pa + ābhata

“that which has been brought here,” viz.

1. a present, bribe DN-a.i.262.
2. money, price Ja.i.122; Ja.v.401, Ja.v.452
   ■ kathā˚; “a tale brought,” occasion for something to tell, news, story J …

…the feet Vin.i.9.

• -kathalika (˚iya) acc. to Bdhgh either a foot stool or a towel (adhota-pāda-ṭhapanakaṃ…

adjective read at Ud.5 in combination akkulapakkula (= ākula-pākula) “in great confusion”; read also in gāthā 7 pākula for bakkula. Cp. Morris J.P.T.S. 1886, 94 sq.

pa + ākula

1. to protect, guard, watch, keep Snp.585; Ja.i.55; Ja.iv.127; Ja.vi.589; Mil.4 (paṭhavī lokaṃ pāleti, perhaps in meaning “keeps holds, encircles,” similar to meaning 2); Sdhp.33.
2. (lit. perhaps “to …

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

…Pv-a.5, Pv-a.154.

grd. form. fr. patha

…as they were recited on Uposatha days for the purpose of confession. See Geiger, P. Lit. c. 7, where literature is given; & cp.; Vin. Texts…

Pāli (Pāḷi)

feminine

1. a line, row Dāvs iii.61; Dāvs iv.3; Vism.242 (dvattiṃs’ ākāra˚), Vism.251 (danta˚); Snp-a.87.
2. a line, norm thus the canon of Buddhist writings; the text of the Pāli Canon …

breathing Vism.310 (see pāṇa); Dhātupāṭha 273 (“baḷa” pāṇane).

fr. pāṇa

reading, text-reading; passage of a text, text. Very freq. in Commentaries with phrase “ti pi pāṭho,” i.e. “so is another reading,” e.g. Kp-a.78 Kp-a.223; Snp-a.43 (˚ṃ vikappeti), Snp-a.178, Snp\ …

(-˚) reciter; one who knows, expert Mnd.382 (nakkhatta˚); Ja.i.455 (asi-lakkhaṇa˚); Ja.ii.21 (angavijjā˚), Ja.ii.250 (id.); Ja.v.211 (lakkhaṇa˚ fortune-teller wise man).

fr. pāṭha

adjective wonderful nt. a wonderful thing, marvel, miracle Pts.i.125 (yamaka˚); Pts.ii.158 (id.); Mhvs.5, Mhvs.118; Mil.106; Dāvs i.50; Dhp-a.iii.213
■ appātihīrakathā stupid talk DN.i.193 DN.i.2 …

…āsana, bhojana, chatta, ratha, assa, bījanī the C. explⁿ of pīta at this passage is “suvaṇṇa”; cp Vv.36#1 (= parisuddha,…

…Bdhgh as “chinn’ iriyāpatha” Vin. Texts i.225) Ja.i.76, Ja.i.418; Ja.v.426 (khujja + Ja.vi.4, Ja.vi.10; Mil.205, Mil.245, Mil.276;…

Rahas & Raho

neuter lonely place, solitude, loneliness; secrecy, privacy.

1. raho: occurring only as adv. “secretly, lonely, in secret,” either absolutely, e.g. SN.i.46; Snp.38 …

adj. nt. secret, private; nt. secrecy, secret Mhvs.35, Mhvs.64 (vatvā rahassaṃ); instr. rahassena (as adv.) secretly Mhvs.36, Mhvs.80; acc. rahassaṃ id. Pv.iv.1#65.

• -kathā s …

Rahas & Raho

neuter lonely place, solitude, loneliness; secrecy, privacy.

1. raho: occurring only as adv. “secretly, lonely, in secret,” either absolutely, e.g. SN.i.46; Snp.38 …

… 3. rajā-˚patha dusty place, dustiness, dust-hole DN.i.62, DN.i.250; SN.ii.219; DN-a.i.180 (here taken metaphorically:…

adjective (-˚) guarding or to be guarded

1. act.: dhamma˚; guardian of righteousness or truth Mil.344
2. pass.: in cpd. dū˚; variant reading du

hard to guard Dhp-a.i.295. ˚kathā, s. l. rukkh …

…so that he should keep the secret); Pv-a.7. 2. observance keeping Vv-a.71 (uposatha-sīla˚); Pv-a.102 (sīla˚), Pv-a.210 (uposatha˚).

fr….

…Pv-a.66 (sīlaṃ rakkhatha uposathaṃ karotha). 3. to keep (a) secret, to put away, to guard against (i.e. to keep away from Snp.702…

…(= mā randhantu mā mathantu Dhp-a.iii.357) See also randha². 2. to cook (cp. Sk. randhi randhana) Mil.107 (bhojanaṃ…

Rasa¹

that which is connected with the sense of taste. The defⁿ given at Vism.447 is as follows “jivhā-paṭihanana-lakkhaṇo raso, jivhā-viññāṇassa visaya-bhāvo raso, tass’ ev …

…elephant (hatthi, called Uposatha) DN.ii.174, DN.ii.187, DN.ii.197; the horse (assa, Valāhaka) ibid.; the gem (maṇi) DN.ii.175, DN.ii.187; the…

…(ratha ṛṣabha, Sk. rathārṣabha) lord of charioteers. Ratha here in meaning of “charioteer”; Childers sees…

…DN-a.i.86: khuddakarathaṃ); Vin.ii.10; Vin.iii.180; MN.i.226; Mil.229.

fr. ratha, cp. Sk. rathaka m.

Rathaka²

adjective having…

…MN.i.397 (saññāto kusalo rathassa anga-paccangānaṃ); DN.i.51 (in list of var. occupations, cp. DN-a.i.156); Ja.vi.15 (+ patti-kārika),…

…(taruṇa˚-vaṇṇaratha).

• -inda “king of the sun,” Name of the lotus Dāvs iii.37 *…

1. to please, i.e. it pleases (with dat. of person) Thig.415 (rocate); Mhvs.15, Mhvs.9 (nivāso rocatu). Cp. BSk. rocyate Avs.ii.158.
2. to find pleasure in (loc.) Mil.338 (bhave)

caus *[roceti](/defi …

to find delight or pleasure in (loc.), to please to indulge in, set one’s mind on Snp.565 (etañ ce r. bhoto buddha-sāsanaṃ); with khamati to be pleased and to approve of, MN.ii.132; often used by Bdh …

1. splendour, light, brightness Snp.548 (su˚ very splendid; Snp-a.453 = sundara-sarīrappabha).
2. inclination, liking, pleasure Pv-a.59 (˚ṃ uppādeti to find pleasure, to be satisfied)
   ■ *aruci …

…Snp-a.5 (“pathavi-ras’ ādim iva rukkhe”: with same simile as at Vism.688, with reading kappâvasānaṃ and…

…-patha way of lust, lustfulness, passion, sensuality SN.iv.70; Snp.370, Snp.476 (with explⁿ “rāgo pi hi…

…id. Snp-a.577.

• -ratha the king’s chariot Dhp-a.iii.122.
• -rukkha “royal tree,”…

…id. Snp-a.577.

• -ratha the king’s chariot Dhp-a.iii.122.
• -rukkha “royal tree,”…

form, figure, appearance, principle of form, etc.

1. Definitions. According to P. expositors rūpa takes its designation fr. ruppati, e.g. “ruppanato rūpaṃ” Vism.588; “ruppan’ a …

Sa¹

the letter s (sa-kāra) Snp-a.23; or the syllable sa Dhp-a.ii.6; Pv-a.280.

Sa²

base of the nom. of the demonstr. pron. that, he she. The form sg. m. * …

adjective whole, entire all, every DN.i.4; SN.iv.15; Vin.i.5; Iti.3; Cnd. s.v., nom pl. sabbe Snp.66; gen. pl. sabbesaṃ Snp.1030
■ nt sabbaṃ the (whole) world of sense-experience SN.iv.15 cp. …

Saddha¹

adjective

1. believing, faithful DN.i.171; SN.i.43; SN.ii.159 sq.; AN.i.150; AN.ii.164 AN.ii.227 sq.; AN.iii.3 sq., AN.iii.34, AN.iii.182; AN.iv.38, AN.iv.145, AN.iv.314 sq.; AN.v …

…gate Vism.57.

• -patha = sagga Ja.i.256.
• -pada heavenly region, heaven Ja.ii.5; Ja.iv.272 (=…

…nest Kp-a.56.

• -patha bird-course Npl. Mnd.155.
• -pāda bird foot Kp-a.47. *…

…diṭṭhi˚, soka˚, kathankathā˚
■ abhūḷha˚; one whose sting of craving or attachment is pulled out DN.ii.283; Snp.593;…

conversation DN.i.89; AN.ii.182; Ja.i.112, Ja.i.189; Mil.94. Often in cpd. kathā & allāpa˚.

saṃ + lāpa

1. an arrow, a dart AN.iv.107 (T. has it as nt.).
2. a small stick, peg, thin bar SN.iv.168; Dāvs iv.51.
3. blade of a grass MN.i.79; Ja.i.439.
4. ribs of a parasol Vin.iv.338; Snp-a.487; Mil.226.
5. …

…for promoting calm [cp. śamatha-vipaśyanā Divy.95] SN.v.52; AN.ii.157; Dhp-a.iv.140; also separately “calm & intuition,” e.g….

annihilation, termination (?) see samaya (cpd.) & saṭha.

congregation; time, condition, etc.

At Dhs-a.57 sq we find a detailed explⁿ of the word samaya (s-sadda) with meanings given as follows: 1 *[samavāya](/define/samavāy …

devoted, a friend Ja.i.106, Ja.i.221; Mnd.226 = Vism.25
■ yathāsambhattaṃ according to where each one’s companions live DN.ii.98; SN.v.152.

pp. of sambhajati

1. to rejoice, delight; pp. sammudita (q.v.).
2. to agree with, to exchange friendly greeting with; aor. sammodi Vin.i.2; DN.i.52; Snp.419; Ja.vi.224; ppr. sammodamāna in agreem …

…a single word Ja.ii.164; kathaṃ s. to be able to talk Ja.ii.165 dohaḷe s. to satisfy the longing Mhvs.22, Mhvs.51. 2. to strive, to try to…

…to arise samucchissatha (Conditional) DN.ii.63.

derivation and meaning uncertain; Windisch, Buddha’s Geburt, p. 39, n.1 derives it…

…with samatha Dhs.54
■ sammā˚; is one the constituents of the eightfold ariya-magga, e.g. DN.iii.277 Vb-a.120 sq …

to remove, to abolish Vin.i.110; DN.i.135 sq. (˚hanissati); DN.ii.91 = SN.v.432; MN.i.47 MN.ii.193; SN.v.76; Ja.i.374 = Snp.360; Snp.14, Snp.369, Snp.1076 sikkhāpadaṃ Vin.iii.23; DN.ii.154; uposathāgā …

seen together, a friend Ja.i.106, Ja.i.442; Vin.iii.42; yathāsandiṭṭhaṃ, where one’s friends live DN.ii.98; SN.v.152.

pp. of sandissati

an oath Vin.i.347; Ja.i.180, Ja.i.267; Ja.iii.138; Snp-a.418.

fr. śap

adjective likely, beneficial fit, suitable AN.i.120; SN.iii.268; SN.iv.23 sq., SN.iv.133 sq. (Nibbāna˚ paṭipadā); Ja.i.182, Ja.i.195; Ja.ii.436 (kiṃci sappāyaṃ something that did him good, a remedy); …

…Anotatta, Sīhapapāta, Rathakāra, Kaṇṇamuṇḍa Kuṇāla, Chaddanta, Mandākini) AN.iv.101; DN.i.54; Ja.ii.92; DN-a.i.164, DN-a.i.283;…

Sata¹

(num. card.) a hundred, used as nt (collect.), either-˚ or as apposition, viz. gāma-sataṃ a hundred (ship of) villages Dhp-a.i.180; jaṭila-satāni 100 ascetics Vin.i.24; jāti˚ DN. …

teacher, master
■ nom. satthā DN.i.49; Snp.179;
■ acc. satthāraṃ DN.i.163; Snp.153, Snp.343;
■ instr. satthārā DN.i.163;
■ instr. satthunā Mhvs.32, Mhvs.19;
■ gen. satthu DN.i.110; Iti.79; V …

Satti¹

feminine ability, power Dhtp.508 Usually in phrase yathā satti as much as one can do according to one’s ability Cp.i.10#6; Dhp-a.i.399; or yathā sattiṃ DN.i.102, or *y. sattiyā …

…sattavo); Vism.234 (˚nimmathana).

Vedic śatru

Sattu²

barley-meal, flour Vin.ii.116 (satthu); Mnd.372; Ja.iii.343 sq.;…

adverb sa*². The usual P. form is seyyathā] like, as Thag.412.

adjective (f. saññinī) conscious, being aware of (-˚), perceiving, having perception DN.i.31, DN.i.180; DN.iii.49 DN.iii.111, DN.iii.140, DN.iii.260; SN.i.62; AN.ii.34, AN.ii.48, AN.ii.50; AN.iii.35; …

connected, equipped with, possessed of DN.i.5; MN.ii.202; SN.i.103; Dhp.101 (gāthā anattha-pada˚). Often as attha˚; endowed with profit bringing advantage, profitable DN.i.189; SN.ii.223 SN.iv.330; …

1. to be evolved, to be in a process of evolution (opp. vivaṭṭati in devolution) DN.i.17 DN.iii.84, DN.iii.109; AN.ii.142; DN-a.i.110.
2. to fall to pieces, to come to an end (like the world’s de …

massed, collected, put together, composed or gathered (like a bunch of flowers DN.ii.267 (gāthā); MN.i.386; DN-a.i.38 (spelt saṃvūḷha, i.e. saṃvyūḷha; variant reading sañaḷha i.e. sannaddha).

pp. of …

Saṅgaha¹

1. collecting, gathering, accumulation Vin.i.253; Mhvs.35, Mhvs.28.
2. comprising collection, inclusion, classification Kv.335 sq. (˚kathā) cp. Kvu. translation 388 sq.; Vism.191 …

to name, explain. Pass. saṅkathīyati Dhs-a.390.

saṃ + kathati

…stake AN.iv.131.

• -patha a path full of stakes & sticks Vv.84#11; Ja.iii.485 Ja.iii.541; Mil.280; Vism.305. *…

adjective crafty, treacherous, fraudulent DN.ii.258; DN.iii.246; MN.i.32, MN.i.153; SN.iv.299; AN.ii.41; AN.iii.35 AN.v.157; Dhp.252; Vin.ii.89; Mnd.395; Mil.250; Dāvs ii.88; Dhp-a.iii.375; Dhtp.100 …

craft, wickedness Pp.19.

abstr. fr. saṭha

dismissed; in cpd. -esana one who has abandoned all longing or research DN.iii.269 (cp Dial. iii.247 “has utterly given up quests”); AN.ii.41 (so read for saṭh˚;)
■ saṭṭha at SN.iii.84 is to …

an army Vin.i.241; Vin.iv.104 sq. (where described as consisting of hatthī assā, rathā, pattī), Vin.iv.160; SN.i.112; AN.iii.397; AN.v.82; Ja.ii.94; Mil.4; Mnd.95 (Māra˚), Mnd.174 (id.).

• *-[gutta] …

adverb as, just as, s. pi Vin.i.5; DN.i.45; Iti.90, Iti.113; Ja.i.339; seyyathīdaṃ as follows “i.e.” or “viz.” Vin.i.10; DN.i.89; DN.ii.91; SN.v.421; Iti.99.

= taṃ yathā, wit …

… ■ combined with āvasatha, e.g. at AN.ii.85, AN.ii.203; AN.iii.385; AN.iv.60; AN.v.271 sq.
■ As -˚ used in adj….

…of an army Ja.vi.583; ratha-˚ Ja.vi.81, Ja.vi.49 seṇimokkha the chief of an army Ja.vi.371 (cp. senā and seniya).

Class. Sk. śreṇi in…

…called aṭṭhaṅgika uposatha (see sīla 2b) e.g. Mhvs.37, Mhvs.202
■ diyaḍḍha-sikkhāpada-sata the 150…

…(aṭṭhanga˚ i.e. uposatha). -samāraddha thoroughly undertaken DN.ii.103; SN.ii.264 sq.; Dhp.293; Dhp-a.iii.452….

…AN.iii.404 = DN.ii.354

Vedic sukha; in R.V. only of ratha; later generally

dream, vision DN.i.9, DN.i.54; SN.i.198; SN.iv.117 (supine in a dream; variant reading supinena); Snp.360, Snp.807, Snp.927 Mnd.126; Ja.i.334 sq., Ja.i.374; Ja.v.42; DN-a.i.92, DN-a.i.164; Vv.44#14 …

Sutta¹

asleep Vin.iii.117; Vin.v.205; DN.i.70; DN.ii.130; Dhp.47; Iti.41; Ja.v.328
■ (nt.) sleep DN.ii.95; MN.i.448; SN.iv.169. In phrase --pabuddha “awakened from sleep” referring t …

of good colour, good, favoured, beautiful DN.i.82; Dhs.223; Iti.99; AN.iv.255; Pp.60; Ja.i.226; suvaṇṇa (nt.) gold SN.iv.325 sq.; Snp.48, Snp.686 Cnd.687 (= jātarūpa); Kp-a.240; Vv-a.104; often toge …

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

Suṇāti & suṇoti

to hear.
pres suṇāti DN.i.62, DN.i.152; SN.v.265; Snp.696; Iti.98; Mil.5 suṇoti Ja.iv.443;
pot suṇeyya Vin.i.7; DN.i.79; suṇe Ja.iv.240;
imper *[suṇa]( …

…please go! Mil.18; gacchatha Vv-a.305), to be translated with “come on, welcome, please,” or similar adverbs. Thus e.g. at Pv.iv.1#40 (=…

…dyeing workshop Vism.65; ratha˚; car shed Dhp-a.iii.121; hatthi˚; an elephant stable Vin.i.277, Vin.i.345 Vin.ii.194; Ja.i.187.

cv. Vedic…

Sārambha¹

1. impetuosity, anger AN.i.100, AN.i.299; AN.ii.193; MN.i.16; Dhp.133; Ja.iv.26; Mil.289 (sasaṃrambha).
2. quarrel Snp.483; Ja.ii.223; Ja.v.141.
3. pride Thag.759; Vv-a.139.

• • …

…Iti.79
■ In similes: Vism.466 Kp-a.21.

fr. sa-ratha; Vedic sārathi

… ■ sārāṇīyaṃ kathaṃ katheti Dhp-a.i.107; Dhp-a.iv.87; sārāṇīyā dhammā states of conciliation, fraternal living (Dial.…

adjective lethargic, lax MN.i.14, MN.i.200 sq.; MN.iii.6; AN.i.71; AN.ii.148; AN.iii.108, AN.iii.179 sq.

śrath, cp. saṭhila & sithila

adjective with a remainder, incomplete, of an offence which can be done away Vin.i.354 Vin.ii.88; Vin.v.153; AN.i.88
■ Of a text (pāṭha) Kp-a.238; Snp-a.96.

sa³ + avasesa

craft, treachery MN.i.15, MN.i.36, MN.i.281, MN.i.340; AN.i.95, AN.i.100; Mnd.395; Pp.19, Pp.23; Mil.289. Cp paṭi˚.

abstr. fr. saṭha = *śāṭhya

…also ˚kuṇḍala.

• -ratha a chariot drawn by lions Mil.121.
• -vikkīḷita the lion’s play,…

…uposatha* (or aṭṭhaṅgika u. “the fast-day with its 8 constituents.” They are discussed in detail at AN.iv.248…

1. a needle; (fig.) hunger Pv.ii.8#3; Pv-a.107.
2. a small bolt to a door Vin.ii.120, Vin.ii.148. sūcik’aṭṭha whose bones are like needles (?) Pv.iii.2#3 Pv-a.180 (sūcigātā ti vā pāṭho. Vijjhanatthe …

Sūra¹

valiant, courageous SN.i.21; Ja.i.262, Ja.i.320; Ja.ii.119; (m.) a hero, a valiant man DN.i.51 DN.i.89; DN.iii.59, DN.iii.142, DN.iii.145 sq; AN.iv.107, AN.iv.110; Snp.831; DN-a.157 …

…as tam-ah-uposathe, uposatha-divase ti at Snp-a.502); tadahe on the same day Pv-a.46; tadahū (id.) Ja.v.215 (= tasmiṃ chaṇa-divase)…

…w bhūta. bhūta taccha tatha, DN.i.190 (paṭipadā: the only true & real path) SN.v.229 (dhamma; text has tathā variant reading tathaṃ…

linear measure, equal to 36 aṇu’s and of which 36 form one rathareṇu Vb-a.343; cp. Abhp.194 (tajjarī).

1. flat surface (w. ref. to either top or bottom: cp. Ger. boden), level, ground, base Ja.i.60 Ja.i.62 (pāsāda˚ flat roof); Ja.iii.60 (id.); paṭhavī˚ (level ground) Ja.ii.111, cp. bhūmi˚ Pv-a.176; ād …

Tassa-pāpiyyasikā

feminine (viz. kiriyā) Name of one of the adhikaraṇa-samathā: guilt (legal wrong) of such & such a character Vin.i.325; in detail expl. MN.ii.249; + tiṇavatthāraka DN.iii.254; AN …

… ■ yathā tathaṃ (cp. yathā tacchaṃ) according to truth, for certain, in truth Snp.699, Snp.732, Snp.1127
■ Cp…

…SN.v.90, SN.v.213 sq 3. tathattāya cittaṃ upasaṃharati id. MN.i.468

■ abl. tathattā in truth, really Snp.520 sq. (cp….

state of being such, such-likeness, similarity, correspondence Vism.518.

abstr. fr. tathā → tatha

…tappakāra).

Sk. tathā, cp. also kathaṃ

…it would probably have been tathaṃgata, but not necessarily, for we have upadhī-karoti as well as upadhiṃ karoti
■ DN.i.12, DN.i.27,…

Teja & Tejo

“sharpness,” heat, flame, fire, light; radiance, effulgence splendour, glory, energy, strength, power DN.ii.259 (personified as deva, among the 4 Elements paṭhavī, āpo, t., vāyo; cp. tejo …

Teja & Tejo

“sharpness,” heat, flame, fire, light; radiance, effulgence splendour, glory, energy, strength, power DN.ii.259 (personified as deva, among the 4 Elements paṭhavī, āpo, t., vāyo; cp. tejo …

…ground AN.ii.241;

• -patha a road by land (opp. jala˚ by water Ja.i.121; Ja.iii.188.

Vedic sthala, to sthā, orig….

…like assa˚, bhumma˚, ratha˚, hattha˚, etc. the reading ass-attharaṇa, etc. should be preferred (= ā stṛ;). See attharaṇa and…

…for carrying money: sahassathavikā a purse of 1,000 pieces Ja.i.54, Ja.i.195, Ja.i.506; Vv-a.33; Anvs 35. See also Vin.ii.152, Vin.ii.217;…

bare, esp. hard, stony ground Pv.iv.7#5 (= kharakaṭhāna bhūmippadesa Pv-a.265).

• -sāyikā (f.) the act of lying on the bare ground (as a penance) [BSk. sthaṇḍila-śāyikā] SN.iv.118; Dhp.141

(= D …

only used with ref. to the bhikkhus of Gotama Buddha’s community
(adj.) senior Vin.i.47, Vin.i.290 (th. bhikkhū opp. navā bh.), Vin.i.159 (th bhikkhu a senior bh. opp. to navaka bh. a novice), Vin.i …

Therī & Therikā

feminine

1. an old woman (cp. sthavirikā Mvu.iii.283) Pv.ii.11#6 (= thāvarijiṇṇā Pv-a.149).
2. a female thera (see compounds), as therikā at Thig.1; Dpvs.xviii.11.

• *-[gāthā](/de …

Therī & Therikā

feminine

1. an old woman (cp. sthavirikā Mvu.iii.283) Pv.ii.11#6 (= thāvarijiṇṇā Pv-a.149).
2. a female thera (see compounds), as therikā at Thig.1; Dpvs.xviii.11.

• *-[gāthā](/de …

stupa or tope, a bell-shaped pile of earth, a mound, tumulus, cairn; dome, esp. a monument erected over the ashes of an Arahant (otherwise called dhātugabbha = dāgaba), or on spots consecrated as sce …

large fish, a leviathan; a fabulous fish of enormous size. It occurs always in combination w. timiṅgala, in formula timi…

adverb across, obliquely; in -bhūta deviating, going wrong, swerving from the right direction DN-a.i.89 (see under tiracchāna-kathā).

Vedic tiryañc, obliquely, from **te …

an animal Iti.92 (tiracchānaṃ ca yoniyo for tiracchāna-yoniyo); Vb.339 (˚gāminī paṭipadā leading to rebirth among beasts); Vv-a.23 (manussatiracchāna an animal-man, wild man, “werwolf”).

• *-[kat …

…of the seven Adhikaraṇasamathas (ways in which litigation may be settled). In case mutual complaints of breach of the rules have been brought…

…Cnd.282.

• -kathaṅkatha (adj.) having overcome doubt, free from doubt Snp.17, Snp.86, Snp.367;
• -vicikiccha = prec. Vin.i.16;…

Tādisa¹

adjective such like, of such quality or character, in such a condition Ja.i.151 Ja.iii.280; Snp.112, Snp.317, Snp.459; Cnd.277 (in expl. of tathāvidha); Iti.68; Pv.ii.9#4; Pv-a.69 …

…though) Vv-a.289 (vīmaṃsatha t. just think); Pv-a.4 (t. ayyo āgametu yāvâyaṃ puriso pānīyaṃ pivissati may your honour wait till this…

…in phrase; ubbaṭumaṃ rathaṃ karoti to put a cart out of its direction AN.iv.191, AN.iv.193.

ud + *vṛti (of vṛt) + ma (for mā…

to be moved, to shake (intrs.), quiver, quake Ja.vi.437 (= kampati C.).

ud + vedhati = Sk. vyathate

…of the way, wrong, e.g. uppatha a wrong road, ummagga id 3. ud˚ = out of the ordinary, i.e. exceedingly, e.g. ujjangala extremely dusty uppanduka…

…(= abbahati); imper. uddharatha Ja.ii.95 (for abbaha); Dhp.327 (attānaṃ duggā); aor. uddhari Ja.iii.190 (ankena); cond. uddhare Thag.756; ger….

1. pulled out Ja.ii.26.
2. pulled out destroyed, extirpated, in phrase˚ dāṭha with its fangs removed (of a snake) Ja.i.505; Ja.ii.259; Ja.vi.6.
3. cut off or out Mil.231 (uddhaṭ-uddhaṭe ālope whene …

Udrīyana & Uddīyana

neuter breaking or splitting open, bursting Ja.i.72; Dhp-a.ii.7 (˚sadda), Dhp-a.ii.100 (paṭhavī-uddīyana-sadda; vv.ll. uddri˚, udri˚).

fr. udrīyati

Udita¹

risen, high, elevated Mil.222; (˚odita); Dāvs iv.42; Sdhp.14 (of the sun) Sdhp.442 (˚odita).

pp. of ud- i, see udeti

Udita²

spoken, …

to eat MN.i.306 (upacikā bījaṃ na udrabheyyuṃ; vv.ll. on p. MN.i.555: udrah˚ udah˚, udāh˚, uddhah˚, uṭṭhah˚; udraheyyun ti khādeyyuṃ C. (udrabhāsane, Dhātum.))
■ Note. The Dhātupāṭha 212, and the …

Udrīyana & Uddīyana

neuter breaking or splitting open, bursting Ja.i.72; Dhp-a.ii.7 (˚sadda), Dhp-a.ii.100 (paṭhavī-uddīyana-sadda; vv.ll. uddri˚, udri˚).

fr. udrīyati

boiled up, boiling, seething AN.iii.231 & AN.iii.234 (udapatto agginā santatto ukkaṭṭhito, variant reading ukkuṭṭhito); Ja.iv.118 (variant reading pakkudhita = pakkuṭhita, as gloss).

for ukkaṭhita, u …

doubtful in its meaning; occurs at Vin.i.48 = Vin.ii.209 as ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāreti, trsl. Vin Texts by “a cloth to remove cobwebs”, but better by Andersen Pāli Reader as “as soon as it is seen”; …

to make resound Ja.i.408 (paṭhaviṃ), Ja.ii.34.

Caus. of unnadati

(always as ˚ûpaga) adjective

1. going to, getting to, reaching, in phrases kāy˚, SN.ii.24; ākās’ānañc’ āyatan˚ etc. Pts.i.84; kāy˚ SN.ii.24; brahmalok˚ Pv.ii.13#19 yathākamm˚ DN.i.82.
2. coming into, …

… fut upaññissati (& upaññassati; Snp.716) Snp.701, Snp.716 (= upaññayissati kathayissati Snp-a.498); Ja.v.215
pp…

…of kūḍ, a variant of kuth, kvathati

indeclinable comparing in comparison, as prep. w. acc. “compared with” MN.i.374; MN.iii.177 (Himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ); SN.ii.133 (mahāpaṭhaviṃ), SN.ii.262; SN.v.457 (Sineru-pabbata-rājānaṃ) AN.iii …

…u. C.). 4. bringing up (for trial), charging MN.i.251 (vacanapatha, cp. upanīya). Upaniya (iyya, eyya)

pp. of upaneti

…(variant reading BB. udapajjatha = uppajja Pv-a.50); Pp.16, Pp.51, Pp.60; Ne.37, Ne.99, cp. Kv.611 sq. pp. upapannā (q.v.)
caus…

…MN.i.468 (cittaṃ tathattāya); SN.v.213 sq. (id.) Dhs-a.309 (cakkhuṃ). 3. to take hold of, take care of, provide, serve, look after…

…day); only in phrase uposathaṃ upavasati to observe the fast day SN.i.208; AN.i.142, AN.i.144, AN.i.205; Snp.402 (ger upavassa); Ja.iii.444;…

celebrated, kept (of a fastday) AN.i.211 (uposatha); Snp.403 (uposatha). Cp. uposatha.

pp. of upavasati

…uposatha*; used extensively in BSk. in meaning of uposatha, e.g. at Avs.i.338, Avs.i.339; Divy.398 in phrase…

…Dhp-a.i.205 (˚uposathakamma); Dhp-a.ii.85; Kp-a.239 (˚gāthā); Snp-a.298; Vv-a.38, Vv-a.61, Vv-a.120; Pv-a.209, Pv-a.276.

upa…

to go to (with acc.), come to, approach, undergo, attain DN.i.55 (paṭhavi-kāyaṃ an-upeti does not go into an earthly body), DN.i.180; MN.i.486 (na upeti, as answer: “does not meet the question”); SN …

…uposatha-sīla observance of the Up. (Vv-a.71) The Up. day or Sabbath is also called uposatha-divasa (Ja.iii.52).

Vedic upavasatha, the eve of…

…belonging to the Uposatha in phrase anuposathikaṃ (adv.) on every U., i.e. every fortnight Vin.iv.315. 2. observing the Sabbath fasting…

adjective = uposathika, fasting Mhvs.17, Mhvs.6.

fr. upusatha

wrong road or course DN.i.10 (˚gamana, of planets); SN.i.38, SN.i.43; Ja.v.453; Ja.vi.235); Dhp-a.iii.356 (˚cāra).

Sk. utpatha, ud + patha

ridiculing, mocking Mil.357; Vism.29; Pp-a 250 (˚kathā).

abstr. fr. ut + paṇd or unknown etym.

1. to press (down) on to, to hold (tight to (with acc.), to cover up or close MN.i.539 (piṭṭhi-pāṇiṃ hanukena); Ja.i.483 (hatthena akkhīni); Ja.ii.245 (hatthikumbhe mukhaṃ); Ja.v.293 (aggalaṃ); Thag\ …

…ornament (?), in -ratha “the chariot with the outfit”, expl^d. by C. as the royal chariot with the golden slipper…

adjective

1. overflowing, heaped up, crowded; extensive, abundant, preponderant, excessive, full of (˚-) Vin.i.285 (cīvaraṃ u. overstocked; Vin.ii.270 (āmisaṃ too abundant); Vin.iii.286 Thig.444 (= …

…away Ja.i.434 (imper. ussaratha); Ja.v.437
pp ussaṭa (q.v.)
caus ussāreti (q.v.).

ud +…

1. overflowing, piling up, abundance MN.iii.230 (opp. apasādana).
2. (probably confused with ussāraṇa) tumult, uproar, confusion AN.iii.91, AN.iii.92 (variant reading ussāraṇa) = Pp.66 (= hatthiassara …

…2^nd pl. uṭṭhahatha Snp.331; 2^nd sg. uṭṭhehi Pv.ii.6#1; Ja.iv.433
ppr uṭṭhahanto MN.i.86; SN.i.217; Ja.i.476 …

1. to make rise, only in phrase aruṇaṃ (suriyaṃ) u. to let the sun rise, i.e. wait for sunrise or to go on till sunrise Ja.i.318; Ja.vi.330 Vism.71, Vism.73 (aruṇaṃ).
2. to raise Ja.v …

…2^nd pl. uṭṭhahatha Snp.331; 2^nd sg. uṭṭhehi Pv.ii.6#1; Ja.iv.433
ppr uṭṭhahanto MN.i.86; SN.i.217; Ja.i.476 …

…Pv-a.92, Pv-a.117

• -patha way of saying, speech MN.i.126 (five ways, by which a person is judged: kālena vā akālena…

…Mnd.553 (= vacana byāpatha desanā anusandhi); Pv.i.11#12. instr. vacasā Vin.ii.95 (dhammā bahussutā honti dhatā v. paricitā);…

speech, utterance Vv-a.345 (+ kathana).

fr. vad

to speak, say, tell AN.iv.79; Snp.1037, Snp.1077 sq.; Pp.42; Pv-a.13, Pv-a.16, Pv-a.39;
pot 1^st sg. vade (so read for vado? MN.i.258; 3^rd sg. vadeyya Pv.i.3#3;
aor 3<s …

…-uposatha celebration (of the uposatha) in groups “incomplete congregation” (translation Oldenberg) Dpvs.7 36. More…

Vana¹

neuter the forest; wood; as a place of pleasure sport (“wood”), as well as of danger & frightfulness (“jungle”), also as resort of ascetics, noted for its loneliness (“forest”). Of ( …

…Dhs.1059 (as epithet of taṇhā); Ja.ii.205 (vanathaṃ na kayirā); Ne.81, Ne.82
■ nibbanatha free from desire…

…Pv-a.78 (imper. vasatha). uposathaṃ vasaṃ (ppr.) keeping the Sunday Ja.vi.232 brahmacariyaṃ v. to live a chaste life MN.i.515 (cp….

Vatta¹

neuter

1. that which is done, which goes on or is customary, i.e. duty, service, custom, function Vin.ii.31; Snp.294, Snp.393 (gahaṭṭha˚) Vism.188 (cetiy’ angaṇa˚ etc.); Dhp-a.i.9 …

Vatthu¹

neuter lit. “ground,” hence

1. (lit.) object, real thing, property, thing, substance (cp. vatthu²!) AN.ii.209 (khetta˚, where khetta in lit. sense, cp. No. 2). Here bel …

Vaya¹ & vayo

neuter age, especially young age, prime, youth; meaning “old age” when characterized as such or contrasted to youth (the ord. term for old age being jarā). …

…under yāna together with ratha sakaṭa sandamānikā sivikā & pāṭankī); Ja.vi.500 (f.), with sivikā ratha.

grd. formation fr. vah; cp….